Electronics & Energy Sources

1. Decide which energy source is being described below. 1. This energy source uses a metal called uranium for fuel. ______________ 2. This energy source is used as a fuel for cooking and heating. ______________ 3. This energy source does not need to burn fuel to create electricity. ________ 4. This energy source is a heavy, solid fuel. ____________ 5. This energy source is often found underground with oil._____________ 6. This energy source produces radioactive waste.______________ 7. This energy source is often transported by train.______________ 8. This energy source is used to make petrol and diesel._____________ 9. This energy source is a liquid._____________

2. Express each of these ideas as a compound noun: 1. A board consisting of a number of panels _____________________ 2. Material that doesn´t allow rain to get into it _____________________ 3. A board consisting of a number of electrical switches _____________________ 4. Conductors that are perfect, conducting a current without a battery _____________________ 5. Current that is greater than the load intended ____________________

3. Complete the paragraph with the words to fill in the blanks.

oxygen coal plants carbon renewable non-renewable fossil wind wood dioxide

Fuels like coal, oil and gas are called ____________ fuels because

they are made from the preserved remains of dead

_____________ or animals. The trees of the ancient forests took in

_______________ from the air and used it to grow and produce

____________. Wood is made from a substance called

_____________. When the trees became fossilised into _____________, this carbon was

stored inside the Earth for millions of years. When coal is burned, carbon mixes with

_____________ from the air and releases Carbon Dioxide back into the atmosphere.

Energy produced from fossil fuels is called _____________ energy because these fuels take

millions of years to form. When they are used up, they cannot be replaced. _____________

energy can be produced from water, sun or _____________ which will not be used up. Wood

can be burned to produce renewable energy. When wood is burned, it releases carbon

dioxide, but if a new tree is planted each time one is cut down, this carbon dioxide is taken

up by the new tree.

4. Use the following words in a sentence: - renewable _________________________________________________________ - non-renewable _____________________________________________________ - pollutant __________________________________________________________ - fossil fuels _________________________________________________________

5. Say what these words mean:

turbine solar panel

dam windmill

sediment power plant

carbon radiation

global warming biomass

6. Write the following TOOLS in your language:

screwdriver wrench wheelbarrow pliers

axe toolbox hammer nails

Sandpaper Spade Saw Stepladder Drill Screw

Measure tape pliers

READING: Environmental Pollution

There are three types of environmental pollution: air, ground, and water pollution.

Acid rain

Historically, air pollution comes from industries and

transport. Factories, power stations and cars burn oil

and coal. This rises into the air as different forms of

sulphur and nitrogen. The sulphur and nitrogen

combine with water in the air to make sulphuric or

nitric acid. This falls to the ground as acid rain.

We burn large

quantities of coal and

oil, and this creates

millions of tonnes of

acid rain. The wind

carries the rain long

distances, and this creates problems. One country makes

acid rain, and it falls to the ground in another country, for

example, Canada gets a lot of acid rain from the USA, and

Norway gets a lot of acid rain from Britain.

The greenhouse effect

Industrial countries also cause the greenhouse effect (also called “global warming” or

“climate change”). Burning coal and oil produces carbon dioxide (CO2). The (CO2)

increases in the Earth’s atmosphere, and retains heat from the sun (it works like the glass in

a greenhouse- it lets heat in, but doesn’t let the heat out).

The Earth is getting hotter. Weather patterns are changing: some places have no water

for years, and some places have floods. When a country has no water, the effects are very

hard- in Chile in 1999, the result was electricity cuts around the country. There was no

water for the hydro-electric power stations.

Ozone layer damage

The ozone layer is a band of gas around the Earth. It protects us

from dangerous ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun. It is vital to

human and animal survival.

Unfortunately, we are producing chemicals which destroy the

ozone layer. The damage starts in the Antarctic and spreads.

Animals are becoming blind because the ozone layer is thinner.

In Australia, a lot of people are getting skin cancer from the sun.

1. Read the texts quickly. Which problems are described here? _________________, _________________ and _________________

2. Find these words in the text. Match them with their meanings.

a) pollution …. a factory which produces electricity

b) climate …. world’s weather

c) power station …. energy from the sun

d) acid rain …. rising temperatures around the world

e) greenhouse effect …. rain containing chemicals which pollute the

environment.

f) radiation …. something that makes the earth, air or water

dirty and dangerous.

3. Are the statements True or False?

….. The page is from a magazine

….. The text describes different types of air pollution

….. Canada sends acid rain to the USA

….. Global warming is also called climate change

….. Industrial countries cause the “greenhouse effect”

….. You can see the effects of ozone layer damage in the five continents.

….. Humans are damaging the ozone layer.

Good luck

everybody!!!