Works/24.pdfIn 2003, I started collecting more peculiar words and phrases to augment the work already done. I came across hundreds of words which we seldom use, or which look strange

A Dictionary of Peculiar and Uncommon Kashmiri Words & Phrases By M.K.Raina

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A Dictionary of Peculiar and Uncommon

Kashmiri Words and Phrases ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥

Edition 2 ~ June 2005 ~ More than 1100 words ===============================================

Compiled by M.K.Raina ===============================================

Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


ß

vçcçççÆcç lJççb Mççjoç oíJççR, cçnçYççiççR YçiçJçlççÇcç kçÀMcççÇj HçájJçççÆmçvççR, çÆJçÐçç oççÆ³çvççÇcçd

j#ç cççcçd, j#ç cççcçd~ vçcçççÆcç lJççcçd~



A Word from the Compiler

About 4 years back, I compiled a paper containing slightly less than a hundred peculiar Kashmiri words and phrases along with their meaning for use in the Kashmiri Quiz Contests organised under the Project Zaan. Finally the document was uploaded on internet at the Project Zaan site for benefit of the net visitors. In 2003, I started collecting more peculiar words and phrases to augment the work already done. I came across hundreds of words which we seldom use, or which look strange to us, or which we no doubt use in our daily conversation but hardly know their exact meaning. For instance, what is the meaning of word sér (other than the weight)? It means blood. Confused! Check nas sèr (blood from nose). Or, what is meant by rà»h? No idea! Now consider rùdû rà»h. which makes it clear that rà»h means continuous or in a line. Take the word dívath? I always took its meaning in a negative sense, till I knew the fact. It means sagacity, grace. And this gave me an opportunity to add a number of such words to the collection and give it the shape of a Directory. Since a dot under (º) and (») is not available in the English alphabet, there was great difficulty in typing these letters. A dot,



borrowed from Devanagari alphabet and pasted under d and t, usually create confusion because the characte often changes its shape after e-mailing and setting it right means a laborious work. I had to wait for some time till I got the software for typing Roman Kashmiri alphabet (as devised at Project Zaan) developed by the Cyberscape Multimedia Ltd. (Akruti people, who also developed my software for Devanagari-Kashmiri alphabet). During this period, I continued to work on the said Directory and the number of words got steadily increasing. Now the number stands at 1100 plus. Apart from the help I got from ÔA Dictionary for Kashmiri LanguageÕ by Grierson, and the ÔKäsh’r DictionaryÕ of J&K Academy of Art, Culture & Languages, I must record my sincere thanks to Shri J.N.Kachroo, Shri J.L.Manwati and Shri P.N.Wali who spent a lot of time going through my manuscripts and rendered their valuable suggestions wherever needed. I hope the work will be of some use to those interested in Kashmiri language.

M.K.Raina 101 A, Pushp Vihar, Shastri Nagar

Vasai Road (West), Dist. Thane 401 202 Maharashtra, India

June 8, 2005

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Alphabetical order

a, b, ch, chh, d, º, g, h, i, j, k, kh, l, m, n, o, p, ph, r, s, sh, t, th, », »h, ts, tsh,

u, v, y, z Dç, Dçç, yç, ®ç, s, o, [, iç, n, F, pç, kçÀ, Kç, uç, cç,

vç, Dççí, Hç, HçÀ, j, mç, Mç, lç, Lç, ì, þ, ]®ç, æs,

G, T, Jç, ³ç, ]pç



a (Dç, Dçç) abakh DçyçKç (amateur ~ used only as a prefix like in abakh vàrén , abakh chhàn etc.)

i

abäsi Dçyçç@m³çd (light red coloured) abåsi abåsi

Dçyçòm³çd Dçyçòm³çd (reckless beating ~ to beat again and again on each limb) abàzún Dçyçç]pçávç (unworthy ~ fit for nothing ~ foolish) ablakh DçyçuçKç (untrained animal ~ a person like that ~ uncivilised) abyàgath Dçy³ççiçLç (an un-invited guest ~ a beggar)



achhî»h DçsçÇþ (envious ~ possesing the evil eye ~ one with envy) åchh kaº åchh kaº Dç@s kçÀ[ Dç@s kçÀ[ (exposed to envious eyes ~ an object of jealousy) aºam zaº Dç[cç ]pç[ (grossly spoiled ~ insignificant return of a deposit) adàvath DçoçJçLç (hatred ~ malice ~ enmity) åºíni gåºíni

Dç@çÆ[v³çd iç@çÆ[v³çd (goods and chattels ~ all household items) ådrû-khal Dç@ojò Kçuç (extreme insult ~ random destruction) aºsàrí maºsàrí Dç[mçççÆj cç[mçççÆj (to collect somehow from what is available) aºûlyók, aºûléch Dç[òu³ççôkçÀ, Dç[ò}ô®ç (not completed ~ also used for a person not physically well)



ådûr zåt Dç@oòj ]pç@ì (wet rag ~ to persist like a leech ~ pest-like ~ persuant to limit) äº zäº Dççç@[ ]pçç@[ (bashing) agàd Dçiçço (fathomless ~ very deep ~ gigantic) agàdí gatshún DçiçççÆo içæsávç (to persuade obstinately) åhar tû kåhar karûni Dç@nj lçò kç@Ànj kçÀjòv³çd (to be persistent) åhrû Dç@njò (fear ~ terror) åhrûnyòmút Dç@njòv³ççícçálç (one who has become hard or obstinate by perversity or change of nature ~ fear-stricken) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


àji darshún (àdí darshún) Dççp³çd ojMçávç (DçççÆo ojMçávç) (a ceremony in which a person inspects the reflection of his or her face in the clarified butter before it is offered as an oblation) ajlàph DçpçuççHçÀ (one from a low caste ~ poor) akºàyí mäsüm DçkçÀ[ççÆ³ç cçç@mçócç (one, who inspite of his good age behaves like a child) akh tû zû karàn DçKç lçò ]pçò kçÀjçvç (to do something in no time ~ without waiting) akíy nàlû phêran kaºún DççÆkçÀ³ç vççuçò Hçw³çjvç kçÀ[ávç (to be very close to one another ~ bosom friends) aklû bakal DçkçÀuçò yçkçÀuç (utter surprise ~ loss of senses) alàl khàn Dçuççuç Kççvç (a rich person or an imaginary rich person ~ a prince) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


alí tí shàph tû balí tí shàph DççÆuç çÆlç MççHçÀ lçò yççÆuç çÆlç MççHçÀ alí tí shràkh tû balí tí shràkh DççÆuç çÆlç ÞççKç lçò yççÆuç çÆlç ÞççKç (cursing a person whether he is offering a service of very small value or whether he is doing anything of great difficulty and involving self-sacrifice ~ cursed this way or that way ~ to be on the receiving end both ways ~ between devil and the deep sea) älivàkh Dçç@u³çd JççKç (a polite greeting ~ a gentle salutation) allàh allàh khär salàh Dçuuççn Dçuuççn Kçç@j mçuççn (the end of a dispute or a transaction ~ all is well that ends well) alûbäl Dçuçòyçç@uç (a fat man, who does not apply his mind) alûgåºi tû malûgåºi Dçuçòiç@[îç lçò cçuçòiç@[îç (a great man and a base man ~ high and low ~ everybody) alûgåºi tû malûgåºi túlûni Dçuçòiç@[îç lçò cçuçòiç@[îç lçáuçòv³çd (to provoke everybody to create commotion)



alû gaºúr Dçuçò iç[áj (a small gourd with the interior extracted, used by mendicants as a water vessel ~ kamandal) alûgûzàr Dçuçòiçò]pççj (little effect) àlû kônºúl Dççuçò kçwJçb[áuç (a circle or a circular mark) alû palû Dçuçò Hçuçò (approximately ~ in totality) alûsrè»h Dçuçòñçíþ (very fat, hence very foolish) amòb Dçcççíyç (often ~ many a times) anàsîr DçvççmççÇj (all the elements of which the man is made of ~ senses ) anàsîrû ºalní DçvççmççÇjò [uççÆvç (to lose control on senses) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


ànb ºànb Dççbyç [çbyç (unwholesome food or drugs) ànchh Dççbs (revenge ~ showdown) åndrû húmal DçBojò nácçuç (introvert) andû kaní manz bàg Dçboò kçÀçÆvç cçb]pç yççiç (one who is unconnected but makes his presence felt every where ~ seemingly unconcerned, but actually interested) andyút DçvçÐçálç (give and take ~ reciprocal exchange of children in marriage ~ cross matrimonial alliance) angochí DçbiççíçÆ®ç (bathing towel) anhàr Dçvçnçj (face cut ~ profile)



åni dànd Dç@v³çd oçbo (blind bull or one like him ~ foolish fellow ~ one who does not apply his mind) änî mänî Dçç@vççÇ cçç@vççÇ (guess work ~ shooting aimlessly ~ without a target) ànjäri mànjäri Dççbpçç@³ç& cççbpçç@³ç& (people of lower caste ~ poor people) ankath DçvçkçÀLç (often ~ always ~ repetitive) ànph DççbHçÀ (hope ~ expectation) ånyùr Dç@v³çÓj (one who has sight but acts as if blind ~ myopic) apêr DçH³çj (lowness of degree ~ acting flippantly ~ frivolity) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


apharwa»h DçHçÀjJçþ (name of a mountain, but generally indicating the false and boastful language of a person) aphràrí taphràrí DçHçÀjççÆj lçHçÀjççÆj (destroyed and then scattered ~ scattered helter-skelter) aphràsíyàb DçHçÀjççÆmç³ççyç (a famous king of Iran ~ referred to one, who boasts of being very brave and clever) aphúr DçHçáÀj (to do something in a destructive manner ~ to handle things in such a way as to damage them) ardàbû Dçjoçyçò (crushed maize for feeding animals) ardachh Dçjos (intense questioning ~ hang along ~ gruelling) arha»h Dçjnþ (the Persian Wheel ~ an endless string of earthen pots attached to a revolving wheel over a well, which go down empty and return full and tilt the water into a trough)



äri

ka»íni täri kå»i

Dçç@³ç&d kçÀçÆìv³çd lçç@³ç&d kç@Àìîçd (speaking in such a way as to confuse a person with the object of deceiving or swindling him) arsàth DçjmççLç (distress owing to poverty) arsàth DçjmççLç (crowd) artal Dçjlçuç (foil of gold, silver or alloy) är tû pär Dçç@j lçò Hçç@j (forming a circle of people round a person ~ crowding round a person ~ to sit close to a person because of love and affection ~ huddle) arûkhól DçjòKççôuç (a certain tree, it grows in the hills and blisters the hand that holds it) arûkhór DçjòKççôj (misconduct ~ naughtiness ~ misbehaviour) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


arûsarû Dçjò mçjò (hesitation or inability to make up one’s mind ~ doing nothing concrete ~ useless endeavour) àrûti Dççjòl³çd (commission agent or a middle man) ashkhàsh DçMçKççMç (total destruction - this word is generally used for cursing) äshúr pítúr Dçç@Mçáj çÆHçlçáj (a close relation who finds fault with or pinpoints shortcomings of a person) àtay tàtay Dççlç³ç lççlç³ç (by chance ~ accidently ~ without a reason) athû pav DçLçò HçJç (inclined to steal ~ capable of making theft) athû pé»hi tàrûni

DçLçò Hçôþîç lççjòv³çd (to cheat ~ to deceive without giving time to realise) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


ä»hû shè»hakh Dçç@þò MçíþKç (a certain unlucky marriage prohibited by astrology, when the bride is born in the sixth sign of the Zodiac and the bridegroom in the eighth thereafter ~ pugnacity) å»i å»i

Dç@ìîç Dç@ìîç (to cause to wander from country to country ~ to defame ~ expose widely) atshû ratshû Dçæsò jæsò (fairies ~ nymphs) àtsûman Dççæ®çòcçvç (ceremonial sipping of water by Hindus) atûgath DçlçòiçLç (coming and going ~ rebirth) atûgath DçlçòiçLç (a token of good omen ~ a present of salt, bread and money given by her parents to a daughter when setting out for her inlaws’ house) à»úkh và»úkh, à»úkh pà»úkh DççìáKç JççìáKç, DççìáKç HççìáKç (insipid junk food) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


à»ûni và»ûni

Dççìòv³çd Jççìòv³çd (approval ~ assent ~ agreement) atúr Dçlçáj (an action which results in repentance whether done wittingly or unwillingly ~ something damaging) a»û sa»û Dçìò mçìò (approximately) atvàr DçlçJççj (manners ~ habits ~ conduct, especially bad conduct) àvèzû DççJçí]pçò (to be dependent on some one or some thing else) àvsyòmút DççJçm³ççícçálç (dilapidated ~ decayed ) avúl savúl DçJçáuç mçJçáuç (food which is partly wholesome and partly unwholesome) àyastàn Dçç³çmLççvç (top of the head) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


àyítan DçççÆ³çlçvç (to present ~ to keep at disposal)

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b (yç) bàºav yçç[Jç (largeness of size ~ contours) baºsharvàr yç[MçjJççj (a period of seven and a half years during which the planet Saturn passes through the Zodiacal sign of a person including the sign immediately preceding and the sign immediately following it) bàdûlad yççoòuço (afflicted with venereal disease ~ one who breaks noisy winds ~ disgraceful person) bagûdatan yçiçòolçvç (unwittingly ~ out of blue) bahàkh yçnçKç (a mountain forest grassy land) bahàts yçnç]®ç (barge ~ a big boat with thached roof, used to transport materials) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


bàj yççpç (a share of anything ~ tax~ forced cess) båjgànû yç@pçiççvçò (clothes for children) bakhíbùz yççÆKçyçÓ]pç (an oblation or offering made to deceased ancestors at the Shraddha) båkhûr yç@Kçòj (unmeaningful noise) bàl yççuç (unmarried girl) balày yçuçç³ç (misfortune, calamity) båli bèg yç@u³çd yçíiç (one who un-necessarily pokes his nose ~ one who intervenes without any authority or without being asked to do so) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


banàvath yçvççJçLç (misfortune ~ the sudden or unexpected loss or damage) bànd bànd karún yççbo yççbo kçÀ©vç (to stress repeatedly ~ persuade ~ to exhort) bànºû dôyíkhär yççb[ò ÜçÆ³çKçç@j (appeasing blessings to extract money ~ pretentious blessings) bangí délí và»h yçbçÆiç oôçÆuç Jççþ (ham-handed job ~ commencing a work with incomplete or improper materials ~ something done just temporarily) bangí manz natsún yçbçÆiç cçb]pç vç]®çávç (to labour in vain) bànû mäsi

yççvçò cçç@m³çd (believers in intercalary lunar months) banû vàz yçvçòJçç]pç (a person respectfylly addressed as ~ corrupt form of Banda Nawaz) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


baran yçjvç (a small make-shift door, such as that admitting to a water-shed or a cow house ~ a fence with such a door) bàrav yççjJç (complaint ~ grievances) bar búkû yçj yçákçÀò (eyes full of tears ~ emotional outburst) barjastû yçjpçmlçò (in full bloom) barkarí yçjkçÀçÆj (to hang from the upper beam of a door) bar-mandên yçj cçbÐçvç (mid-day) bar-mandinên yçj cçbçÆov³çvç (during the mid-day) bartabàh yçjlçyççn (intolerable insult) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


barthà yçjLçç (husband) bàsh yççMç (manners ~ ettiquette) bäsh yçç@Mç (similarity ~ akin) bàshún yççMçávç (to start talking ~ infantile babbling) bàshún yççMçávç (to recognise ~ to know fully) bå»íl yç@çÆìuç (the condition of being a Kashmiri Brahman ~ Brahmanhood) batòlû yçlççíuçò (lies ~ conncocted stories ~ hyperbole) bätúl yçç@lçáuç (dice in the game of cowries) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


batû sàzandar yçlçò mçç]pçboj (one who flatters his master for personal gains ~ sycophant) bàvath yççJçLç (description ~ narration) bàvrû yççJçjò (mad ~ insane) baz batû yç]pç yçlçò (fried rice with spices) bêgûryòmút y³çiçò³ççxcçálç (food turned sour ~ ruined and spoiled) bêshùr y³çMçÓj (stupid ~ mannerless) bêvärî y³çJçç@jçÇ (reprimand) bíchòr çÆyç®ççíj (destitute ~ helpless) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


bíchúr çÆyç®çáj (the tuft of hair sported by young boys) bírbísh çÆyçjçÆyçMç (snacks ~ assorted food) bí»h çÆyçþ (an assembly of people for unlawful activities ~ unwelcome assembly) bî»h yççÇþ (lying fallow ~ unproductive) bítúr çÆyçlçáj (capacity of a person ~ potential) bòdûgì yççíoòiççÇ (moronic ~ want of intelligence ~ spudity) bôkhtar yJçKçlçj (the diaphragm which separates the thorax from the abdomen)



bòm yççícç (wearing a long face ~ sulk) bòní tàrún múhúl yççíçÆvç lçç©vç cçánáuç (to do something impossible ~ impregnable) bòvlû yççíJçuçò (stupefied ~ one who seems to be lost ~ utterly confused) bràdún yç´çoávç (to become powerful) bramràchòkh yçÏcçjç®ççíkçÀ (will-o’-the-wisp ~ a demon who misleads travellers) brànth yç´çbLç (hope ~ aspiration) bräri känì yç´ç@³ç&d kçÀç@vççÇ (un-inhabited attic floor of a Kashmiri house, generallu turned into a store) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


bräri zùn yçÏç@³ç&d ]pçÓvç (mistaking moonlight for the dawn) brashún yç´Mçávç (to eat hastily in a messy manner) brazún yç´ç]pçávç (to glitter ~ to shine) brè»h gatshún yçÏíþ iç]sávç (to become stupid ~ to act in an unbecoming manner) brúnz yçÏáb]pç (the sound caused by snapping the middle finger against the thumb; the time taken by such a snap ~ flick) búbúr yçáyçáj (water bubble) búhúr yçánáj (a vendor of herbs & groceries) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


búkúr yçákçáÀj (the face, countenance) búnchak yçáb®çkçÀ (one who acts or conducts himself rediculously ~ a comic actor ~ a clown) bûrbatani

yçòjyçlçv³çd (a spinning top ~ a pin wheel) búrzû myå» yçáj]pçò c³ç@ì (wisps of birch bark, which are lighted and waved over the heads of the mother and her newly born child) búsar yçámçj (very hot water) búshkàbû yçáMçkçÀçyçò (the clay bowl out of which poor people used to eat) búth bànû yçáLç yççvçò (fate ~ deserved destiny) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


búthi làgay yçáL³çd uççiç³ç (unpleasant encounter ~ argument in a negative way) bùtìmàr yçÓlççÇcççj (melancholic person ~ one who always has a weeping face) bútûràth yçálçòjçLç (the earth) búzûmór yçá]pçòcççôj (burning ~ scorching of garments as also the human body, especially the belley or other part of the trunk ~ reduced to ashes)

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ch (®ç) chabà chòr ®çyçç®ççíj (extremely foolish) chakû chakh ®çkçÀò ®çKç (arguement ~ grumbling) chanºàl chùnkhûr ®çb[çuç ®çÓbKçòj (a group of persons meeting usually for planning or discussing a misdeed ~ a group of persons with destructive mind set ~ unwelcome gathering) chàpåri ®ççHçò³ç&d (one who is in the habit of excessive but vain talking ~ prig ~ charlatan) chaph ®çHçÀ (backbite) charàg bèg ®çjçiç yçíiç (diarrhœa of cattle ~ this word is generally used for cursing)



charanº ®çjb[ (a woman who after maturity resides in her father’s house, and owing to her being free from control, waxes fat and wanton) chà»h ®ççþ (joke ~ humorous talk) ché»i

®çôìîç (loss suffered because of some one else’s fault ~ fine ~ tax ~ compulsion to work for others without any personal gains) chíkû chàv çÆ®çkçÀò ®ççJç (show off) chílû gaz çÆ®çuçò iç]pç (four stumps, which are fixed at the four corners of a house while laying its foundation) chíran çÆ®çjvç (the fat surrounding the entrails) chírgyúsh çÆ®çji³çáMç (pleasure caused by vocal exercise) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


chòb chîn ®ççíyç ®ççÇvç (a herb used for purifying blood and treatment of joint pain) chókhtû ®JçKlçò (roasted mutton ~ spicy and well cooked mutton) chórtû, chórthû ®Jçjlçò, ®JçjLçò (helpless) chó»û ®Jçìò (a handsome young man with good phisique) chùn phyór ®çÓb Hçw³ççôj (a hypocritical tear drop forced out from the eyes to exhibit feigned sorrow or trouble ~ crocodile tears)

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chh (s) chhambû túlûr scyçò lçáuçòj (bee from the table land, which stings or chases without provocation ~ persistent wasp ~ a woman of that character) chhalû chhàngûr suçò sçbiçòj (separation ~ reduce to bits and pieces) chhalû phól suçò HçÀçôuç (to make wild allegations ~ accusations ~ wrangle) chhàngûr sçbiçòj (tremendous haste) chhär sçj (un-necessary haste) chhítû çÆslçò (embarassed) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


chhórû chhórû sdJçjò sdJçjò (craving ~ desparately longing) chhônyà »ônyà sçôv³çç ìçôv³çç (spending lavishly) chhùrî màr sÓjçÇ cççj (one who falsely threatens to kill himself for achieveing his goal)

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Look for ts (]®ç) and tsh (æs) after »h



d (o)

dabardani oyçjov³çd (a quick fall ~ utter destruction) dabas pê»h dús oyçmç H³çþ o´ámç (a blow upon a fall coming in quick succession ~ unseemly haste) dadàrû ooçjò (destruction of property, especially the reduction to beggary of a weak man in his endeavours to please some important visitor ~ heavy loss) dädi kàngûr oç@Ðç kçÀçbiçòj (lamentations ~ a tale of woe) dagû dagû (pride ~ vanity) dåhåm húnd o@n@cç nábo (suitable for the fast on tenth lunar day ~ sanctified) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


dåhår o@n@j (a group of singers or the like) dàhgàr oçniççj (one who brings harm) dåhlèzû o@nuçí]pçò (a place between the outer gate and the house ~ a spot where the house-refuse is thrown) dåj díni

o@pç çÆov³çd (to prepare the square piece of floor arranged for eating or religious worship ~ to sanctify floor with earthen plaster) dakûlad okçÀò uço (pushed about from pillar to post ~ bereaved) dalav ouçJç (wooden beams, on which planks for ceiling are laid ~ plank flooring laid on a well) dalûvànzún, dalvànzúv ouçòJççb]pçávç, ouçòJççb]pçákÕ (back biting ~ scandalous talk ~ to create fuss over petty matters ~ gossip with ill intentions) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


damû chùlû ocçò ®çÓuçò (a small coal or saw dust stove made of tin or mild steel) damû-dår ocçò o@j (a cross bar across the window or door ~ a window sill) danàsîr ovççmççÇj (any long and difficult business especially when it is of no value ~ a long fatiguing tale) dàrí dají päthûr oççÆj oçÆpç Hçç@Lçòj (doll like conduct of a bride and bridegroom ~ a play to solmenise marriage of dolls) darjàth ojpççLç (piety) darmàndû ojcççboò (to be delayed in some work ~ to get anxious) dàrûhòr oçjònçíj (mutual liability ~ to return what one owes to other ~ an account to settle)



darz o]pç& (a fissure ~ crack) dårz o@]pç& (a male actor or dancer who dresses in woman’s clothes and sings and acts in that character) dàsdàraz oçmçoçj]pç (mutual giving and accepting of gifts) datû dôgúl olçò Üiçáuç (a sudden fall into deep sleep owing to exhaustion, weariness or the like) dayí-batû oçÆ³ç yçlçò (first ceremonial eating together of a bride and bridegroom) dàyúk oç³çákçÀ (adviser) dazûbúzû o]pçò yç§]pçá (extreme self conceit ~ extreme vanity ~ ostentations)



dèshún [íMçávç (to see ~ to experience) dèvàn khànû oíJççvç Kççvçò (drawing room, usually a separate unit) dídûr çÆooòj (name of a bird resembling a sparrow, having a sweet voice ~ Indian skylark) dívath çÆoJçLç (sagacity ~ grace) dívay çÆoJç³ç (the special conjuncture of the planets on which it is right to visit a holy place ~ a fair brought about by the concourse of people on these occasions ~ fair at a religious place ~ the fun of such a fair) dívtû gúl çÆoJçlçò içáuç (a ball of rice used in the worship of the Matrakas on the evening of the fifteenth day of the waxing moon and on similar occasions) dôlàbû Üuççyçò (a difficult position)



dränchh dränchh karûni

êçBs êçBs kçÀjòv³ç (to continually and angrily scold d some one) dra»hû päntsúk êþò HççB]®çákçÀ (the period of five lunarasterisms, commencing with the second half of Dhanistha, and the whole of Satabhisaj, Purvabhadrapada, Uttarabhadrapada and Revati, during which it is forbidden to collect earth, wood or grass ~ five inauspicious days in lunar calender) dríh çÆên (contraction of the brows) drôkún êçôkçáÀvç (run ~ roam about) dûbarí tsòng oáyççÆj ]®ççWiç (receiving encouragement from two different quarters) dúdarû oáojò (with force ~ to capacity ~ of correct weight) dûdû oòoò (whisper ~ an attempt at that) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


dúkalû oákçÀuçò (large headed) dúkäshi

lad

oákçÀç@M³çd uço (one who has fasted for two complete days) dúkûr oákçáÀj (twins) dúlmúl oáuçcçáuç (not sure ~ undecided) dúma»h oácçþ (a large kind of memorial building with an echo inside ~ a dome) dúmbûri

oácyçò³ç& (an old coin of the value of 1/256 of a rupee) dúmíj, dúmbíj oáçÆcçpç, oáçqcyçpç (a leather strap tied round the tail of an animal to hold the saddle) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


dúphan dalàz oáHçÀvç ouçç]pç (cheat ~ one who infests hatred in one’s mind against the other ~ one who misreports things to create trouble) dúsòº oámççí[ (caught between the two options) dûy oò³ç (hatred)

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º ([) ºabar [yçj (a sitting place made at the roof of a single storey house) ºàº [ç[ (firm ~ continuance on a job ~ persistance) ºàºû [ç[ò (strong ~ one who is not afraid of) ºàkh [çKç (burnt clay ~ utter destruction) ºåkrû [@kçÀjò (small pieces) ºalkàv [uçkçÀçJç (one who, though he hears, sees and understands, acts as if he does not hear, see or understand) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


ºànb [çbyç (pretention) ºånd [B[ (inclination ~ habit - esecially a bad habit ~ disposition) ºangû [biçò (a parapet wall) ºangúr [biçáj (a bullock ~ a quadruped ~ a stupid man) ºanjû [bpçò (well ~ healthy ~ in good condition ~ within control) ºàs [çmç (destruction) ºàsúr [çmçáj (one who destroys) ºàyéy pòsh túlû [ç³çô³ç HççíMç lçáuçò (very delicate ~ literally weighing two and a half flowers) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


ºèn»hún [Wþávç (to see ~ to observe) ºê»hûkyàh [îçþòkçw³ççn (everything ~ using all means) ºínbúr çÆ[cyçòj (belley) ºîngû mîr [çRiçò cççÇj (head of a village ~ one who acts like that to terrorise people) ºîphûr [çÇHçÀòj (a private assembly of a few men met together for consultation ~ a small assembly) ºísúr çÆ[mçáj (lazy ~ one who can not move about with comfort) ºóchúr [dJç®çáj (bend in the back) ºókûr [dJçkçÀòj (failure ~ not able to complete) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


ºòrû käni

[çíjò kçÀç@v³çd (female owl) ºúbû ºàs [áyçò [çmç (utter destruction) ºúºû [á[ò (one who has come as an uninvited guest to a feast) ºúli brär [áu³çd yç´ç@j (cheating ~ deceit) ºùli vàngún [Óu³çd Jççbiçávç (a short statured man, who is also a humorist ~ a witty dwarf) ºúlòm [áuççícç (round ~ globular) ºúlû kù» [áuçò kçÓÀì (one who changes his position according to the situation ~ opportunist ~ about whose position one is uncertain)



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g (iç)

gadàgårì içoçiç@jçÇ (begging) gåji

iç@pç (the opening of a native cooking range, through which fuel is fed ~ mouth of a hearth) gåjigàh iç@pç iççn (whisking off insects, flies etc. by employing the bushy tail of the yak as a chowry) gàl khàtû iççuç Kççlçò (that part of the ledger which contains account of bad debts ~ lost account) gàn iççvç (the underground floor of the house, usually inhabited by cattle) gànchh, gànchhan iççbs, iççbsvç (marrow)



ganºúr içb[áj (the larynx) gàngal, gràngal iççbiçuç, ûççbiçuç (diversion of attention from some work) gàn»ûbrär iççbìòyç´ç@j (kite) garvanjû içjJçbpçò (a wooden stand for supporting a water jar) gàsi

içç@m³çd (covered with weeds ~ very lazy) gatrí gani

iççÆ$ç içv³çd (being hacked or cut to pieces) gêl i³çuç (hitting anything by throwing a stick at it, like when knocking down a fruit from the tree ~ aimless shots) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


gèlún içíuçávç (to redicule) gírkíni

çÆiçjçÆkçÀv³çd (a kind of snake. It is said to be able to put its tail into its mouth and then roll along like a hoop, and to adopt this method for attacking human being) gônmàth iJçvçcççLç (one endowed with good qualities) gòsû iççímçò (hurt feelings) gúºàrí gêvní içá[ççÆj i³çJççÆvç (to refuse to carry out an order by making pretended excuses ~ light hearted excuses) gúpún içáHçávç (cattle ~ quadruped ~ someone who leads the life of and has the morals of a cattle) gútúl içálçáuç (more than enough ~ plenty)

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h (n) hagúr niçáj (wheel) hàkòl nçkçÀçíuç (an earthen fire place with a single orfice for cooking) hakrún nkçÀ©vç (to become hard and dry ~ to dehydrate) hàlí häràn nççÆuç nç@jçvç (in a state of confusion, perplexed, distracted or harassed) halkäri nuçkçÀç@³ç&d (one who is violent by nature) handúr nboáj (frozen hard ~ extremely cold) haní haní nçÆvç nçÆvç (bit by bit ~ in every bit ~ in totality)



håpi hàyún n@H³çd nç³çávç (a famine ~ scarcity) hapún nHçávç (to become exhausted) hargàh njiççn (if ~ in case) härísàth nç@çÆjmççLç (sufferings ~ extreme distress ~ tales of woe) hasakh nmçKç (emulation ~ contention) havälihêth nJçç@u³çd¿çLç (the act of making over to another the fruits of one’s former virtuous conduct) havàvà nJççJçç (very little of anything) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


haybúngû n³çyçábiçò (stupefied, dumbstruck, struck motionless by regret, sorrow or the like) hênúr ¿çvçáj (a ditch fouled with filth, ordure etc ~ marsh with filth) hôdûhår »oòn@j (engagement in a difficult but useless work) hókhû zôngúr »Kçò ]pJçbiçáj (lean) hòntsh nçWæs (ceremonial impurity owing to a birth, death or the like) hôpû lyól »Hçò u³ççôuç (having cheeks puffed out and globular like a cooking pot) hùni myå» nÓv³çd c³ç@ì (the dog’s bit ~ a small ball of rice taken from the dish and thrown outside for dogs to eat) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


hût nòlç (sulk) húy ná³ç ( a general outcry and lamentation)

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i (F) ístàdû Fmçlççoò (standing)

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j (pç) jadàl pçoçuç (a mean and importunate beggar ~ a man whose conduct is that of a beggar) jakhún pçKçávç (to work hard ~ to struggle hard) jamàl gò»û pçcççuç iççíìò (a certain purgative nut) janglû pçbiçuçò (wooden fence) jàngúr pççbiçáj (unreasonable argument ~ messing up an issue with such arguement) jànû marûg pççvçò cçiç& (die at a young age) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


jåphi

pç@Hçw³çd (to wave or brandish the arm as a threat or challenge to another) jastû khäz pçmlçò Kçç@]pç (very hard work ~ struggle) jatûntûn pçlçóblçób (a game played by children in early part of the night of the eighth lunar day of light half of the Phagun month after the ceremony of floating lights on a river; the children go in a crowd begging from house to house and from market to market ~ a rhyme recited by children when burning old kangris and revolving them around their heads with the help of a rope) jòlnû pççíuçvçò (a carry-bag, which can be hung over the shoulder)

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k (kçÀ) kahí pänsí gôrdäli pàv kçÀçÆn HççBmçò iJçjoç@u³çd HççJç (to get something at exorbitantly high price) kåhrún kç@Àn©vç (to become rough by nature ~ to become hard by bad frying) käki

kçÀç@kçw³çd (prig ~ ill natured tattler ~ one who habitually goes about saying unpleasant things) kàkún hàpút kçÀçkçáÀvç nçHçálç (an awkward possession ~ something one thinks was an asset, but actually becomes a liability ~ riding a tiger) kal kçÀuç (to be worried ~ to be concerned) kàl kçÀçuç (evening meals)



kàlchan, kàlûchan kçÀçuç®çvç, kçÀçuçò®çvç (evening ~ after sunset) kalpänth kçÀuçHççBLç (the end of a Yuga or age ~ great calamity or agony) kamràz kçÀcçjç]pç (one of the two great divisions of the Kashmir valley. It comprises the districts on both sides of the Vitasta below Srinagar) kåmyúl kç@Àc³çáuç (a farm labourer) kåndílû kçBÀçÆouçò (a kind of long tubular box) kang kçbÀiç (the fire-receptacle or fire place, kept burning in former times in the courtyard of a Kashmiri house for the benefit of guests) känî kçÀç@vççÇ (uppermost storey of a Kashmiri house)



kankîph kçÀvçkçÀçÇHçÀ (mean minded) kanû kapas kaºûni kçÀvçò kçÀHçmç kçÀ[òv³çd (to pester ~ to speak persistently thereby annoying a person) kanû phús kçÀvçò HçáÀmç (whispering in the ear) kåsíyànû kç@ÀçÆmç³ççvçò (vomiting) kashàlû kçÀMççuçò (labour ~ trouble) kåshdûgar kç@ÀMçoòiçj (obstinate because of a mean or petty character ~ mean bargainer) kåsîph kç@ÀmççÇHçÀ (wicked) kà»hkar kçÀçþkçÀj (wooden fence ~ twig fence)



kåti kåti akót kç@Àl³çd kç@Àl³çd DçkçÀçôlç (to achieve nothing after a hard work) kàtsh kçÀç]s (pulmonary disease ~ phthisis) kàvû på» kçÀçJçò Hç@ì (a small projection in the outer wall, or a small shelf fixed to it, and used as a feeding place for crows or birds) kàvû yénívòl kçÀçJçò ³çôçÆvçJççíuç (a crow’s wedding procession - the evening procession of thousands of noisy crows returning to roost ~ a badly arranged wedding arrangement) kàyún kçÀç³çávç (to cause procrastination ~ to delay) kèran kçíÀjvç (the various natures of men and women ~ omens) kîtam kçÀçÇlçcç (lean ~ thin) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


kí»úr çÆkçÀìáj (a thorn or foreign particle in the eye ~ a stye or ulcer in the eye ~ eye sore) kòj kçÀçípç (the morning meal) kôlû »ùnch kçwJçuçò ìÓb®ç (a kind of long-billed fish-eating bird, which haunts river banks) kónº kçÀçôb[ (thorn ~ a miser) kôthûj kçwJçLçòpç (a small bag, carried like a parcel on the head or under the arm) kôthúl kçwJçLçáuç (a large bundle or parcel, especially one of an awkward shape) kótsh kçÀçôæs (bribe) kóv kçÀçíJç (black coloured, as in kòv ka»h) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


kô-varû kçwJçöJçjò (in an awkward position) kôyùng kçwJç³çábiç (paralysis of half the body ~ hemiplegia) kràm ¬çÀçcç (the name given to a sub-caste on account of their common profession ~ nickname for a caste) krapús ¬çÀHçámç (breaking with the sound of a snap ~ the act of smashing or crushing) kràv ¬çÀçJç (the harvesting) krôthû ¬çÀdJçLçò (ache or pain in the limbs ~ extreme fatigue) krülû pachh ¬çÀóuçò Hçs (a kind of almanac of the first 15 days of the new year, drawn up on a sheet of paper for the amusement of children)



krù»h ¬çÓÀþ (hard ~ severe) kú»húr kçáÀþáj (difficult to accomplish ~ requiring hard labour for carrying out) kû»û kçÀòìò (artificial ~ ficticious ~ inexperienced)

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kh (Kç) khal Kçuç (thrashing floor) khalvath KçuçJçLç (solitude ~ privacy) khambûr Kçcyçòj (a sharp pointed stone ~ a large size hail capable of killing a person ~ the hollow left in a heap of grain when a portion of grain is removed from it) khamún Kçcçávç (to be subject to attacks of coughing ~ to be breathless) khanºû vàv Kçb[ò JççJç (a shawl weaver) khåphtì Kç@HçwlççÇ (conceited person) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


khàpûr KçHçòj (skull) khåríl Kç@çÆjuç (mischiefs ~ bad deeds) khashúr KçMçáj (a kind of cutaneous disease ~ scab) khatèrû Kçlçíjò (to punish for some fault by beating accompanied by scolding) khavàzû KçJçç]pçò (a plank on which masons or plasterers stand when at work ~ a scaffold in house building) khêl khànû K³çuç Kççvçò (an assembled group of all one’s household and relations) khêm khêm K³çcç K³çcç (mutual repeated staring of two persons at each other)



khênàshún K³çvççMçávç (refusal to eat food ~ abstaining from food owing to anger ~ left without meals) khêph K³çHçÀ (a pile of straw or of sheets of paper or the like ~ a portion of money or other property suddenly acquired by plundering or cheating) khêptû K³çHçlçò (one who is of dwarfish and ill-proportion form) khíkhûr çÆKçKçòj (a kind of wicker or straw basket in which small charcoal is brought into the towns for sale) khíngûr çÆKçbiçòj (pamper ~ the insolent pride of an unworthy person who has been exalted ~ the pride of a beggar on horseback ~ arrogance) khírkhyúsh çÆKçjK³çáMç (killing a person by cutting off his limbs by slow degrees and with blunt weapons ~ killing a person after killing the members of his family one by one before his eyes. This expression is chiefly used in cursing and abuse) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


khíth khíth góts çÆKçLç çÆKçLç iççô]®ç (a male who is habitually laughing or crowning) khíth khíth gôtsûr çÆKçLç çÆKçLç iJç]®çòj (a female who is habitually laughing or crowning) khôºû gúpún KJç[ò içáHçávç (one who keeps his opinions to himself, like an animal in a pit ~ introvert with ill intentions) khókhû KJçKçò (a man of the Khas tribe) khôkhû mót KJçKçò cççôlç (a psychotic from the Khas tribe ~ a bugaboo ~ a term used in frightening children) khôlúv KJçuçáJç (stirring up of clear still water so as to make it muddy) khôn KJçvç (collection of anything which can be gathered in armfuls)



khôpûr KJçHçòj (an old ruined thatched mud hut ~ an old worn our kangri) khôr bànû KJçj yççvçò (footwear) khrakh ¸çKç (terror ~ fright) khrang ¸çbiç (abuse ~ scolding ~ threat) khras ¸çmç (a feeling of shame) khûts Kçò]®ç (the fluff or loose threads) khyús K³çámç (the leather case in which barbers or surgeons keep their instruments ~ a kind of bird)

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l (uç) labû chòk uçyçò ®ççíkçÀ (the slit with corded edges, about half a span long at each side of the Kashmiri ‘phêran’) labúr uçyçáj (a piece of ground higher than the surrounding or adjoining tract ~ upland or a mound) lachêr uç®³çj (one who is low, mean ~ a shamelss beggar) làdan uççovç (kindly help ~ a kind action) lag uçiç (customary rule ~ custom ~ established practice ~ precedent) lågûnû chîrí uç@içòvçò ®ççÇçÆj (an on record and formal invitation sent by the bride’s people to the bridegroom’s people, inviting the latter to the wedding festival) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


laktû uçkçÀlçò (mutton from the shoulder) lalû khól uçuçò Kççôuç (business ~ profession ~ indulgence) lanºúr uçb[áj (having no wife, children or family ~ a sigle male) länkh uççBKç (an island) länkran uççBkçÀjvç (the dowry of ornaments etc. given to a bride by the bridegroom’s people) lapar uçHçj (loquacious) làph uççHçÀ (boasting) làs uççmç (a heap of wealth ~ accumulated wealth) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


la»àvûni uçìçJçòv³çd (to abscond ~ to runaway) latûkram uçlçò¬çÀcç (relentless kicks ~ pounded with kicks) lêºû u³ç[ò (destitute of strength ~ defeated ~ admitting defeat by retreading) lêtsún u³ç]®çávç (to become weak ~ to fade in strength) lîph uççÇHçÀ (unworthy conduct) lípûr çÆuçHçòj (escape on meeting or expecting defeat ~ a punishment inflicted by a powerful person upon a weak person) lísar çÆuçmçj (weakness ~ sluggishness) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


lív çÆuçJç (the amount of grain put at one time into a mortar for husking) lòchh uççís (a woolen phêran) lôkhûr uJçKçòj (a solidified mass ~ thickened ~ coagulated) lôlún uJçuçávç (to pretend unwillingness when really desiring) lôngún uJçbiçávç (a kind of wooden cup with a long handle, used in the kitchen to measure rice etc.) lôpún uJçHçávç (a container for storing grain ~ a kind of huge jar ~ a fat heavy lazy fellow) lûchû uçò®çò (one who is importunately greedy)



lùdûri

uçÓoò³ç&d (greedy ~ never satisfied ~ avaricious) lùli

uçÓu³çd (to one’s great surprise ~ surprisingly) lúrûpàr uçájòHççj (the utter breaking up and scattering of the fragments ~ utter destruction) lûyún uçò³çávç ( to be able ~ to be fit ~ to be competent) lyób u³ççôyç (a fixed or stuck down cover with a lump of mud over the mouth of a jar or the like ~ sealing a pot with earth) lyól u³ççôuç (a large earthen pot or jar holding about 10 seers or more of grains, used for cooking or other purposes) lyómb u³ççôcyç (mud collected or accumulated at the bottom of a receptacle containing liquid ~ a dirty sediment) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


lyóts u³ççô]®ç (weak ~ powerless)

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m (cç)

måchyúl cç@®³çáuç (the part of back between one's shoulders) madan vàr cçovç Jççj (charming ~ lovely ~ the loved one) madàrû cçoçjò (encouragement ~ comfort) magdùr cçiçoÓj (ability ~ capacity) makh cçKç (an axe) makhûr cçKçòj (wiles ~ machination ~ imposture) makrízan cçkçÀçÆj]pçvç (the wiles of women)



malèchh cçuçís (an outcast ~ a man of irreligious or impure conduct) målídû cç@çÆuçoò (furbishing ~ giving an outward appearance of cleanliness to a garment, ornament etc. by application of varnish, lacquer or the like) målíshûkhàn cç@uççÇMçòKççvç (a much loved child ~ a spoilt child) malûgåºi

cçuçòiç@[îçd (the base men ~ the common men) malûr cçuçòj (a large pitcher) màmas cççcçmç (flesh ~ mutton) manan cçvçvç (a kind of Kangri. It is made entirely of pottery and is not covered with wicker work) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


mandínên cçbçÆov³çvç (at midday) mandòr cçboçíj (a large masonary building ~ a mansion) manºûj cçb[òpç (a number of people sitting in a circle) mànûréni

cççvçòjôv³çd (an honoured woman) màn»h cççbþ (target ~ a permanent place of meeting) mäntsû krül cççB]®çò ¬çÀóuç (an insignificant or a frail person) manûsàvún cçvçòmççJçávç (to dedicate anything with appropriate religious ceremonies and the recital of proper texts) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


manûsún cçvçòmçávç (to give something in fulfilment of a vow ~ to devote something to pious uses ~ to give in charity) månzîlû cçB]pççÇuçò (sudden ruin) maràz cçjç]pç (one of the two great divisions of the Kashmir valley, embracing the whole south-east end) marèzû cçjí]pçò (bad habit marg cçiç& (a valley or plateau high up among the mountains ~ a meadow) måríchû cç@çÆj®çò (a violent epidemic) måridyàdam cç@³ç&Ðççocç (aged ~ experienced ~ elderly) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


marvànû cçjJççvçò (private intention to do something contrary to instructions) mashûrab cçMçòjyç (forgetfulness) math cçLç (idea ~ disposition of mind ~ religious opinion) màvúl cççJçáuç (the edge or fringe of a cloth) màzan cçç]pçvç (a kind of twig broom) mazharû cç]pçnjò (a deadly epidemic) mazrath cç]pçjLç (fatigue ~ exhaustion) màzrath cçç]pçjLç (words of welcome ~ hospitality) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


mêkûràz c³çkçÀòjç]pç (a pair of scissors) mêngû dag c³çbiçò oiç (acute head ache ~ a nagging situation ~ bugbear) mênzúr c³çb]pçáj (the timber merchant) mêzmàn c³ç]pçcççvç (the host) mímyúz çÆcçc³çáb]pç (the midday meal) míni mônºúkh, míní mônºûj çÆcççÆvç cJçb[áKç, çÆcççÆvç cJçb[òpç (a male frog ~ a female frog) míshúl çÆcçMçáuç (a tiny spicule of loose skin at the root of, or by the side of a finger nail ~ a splinter or thorn under the nail) mískîn çÆcçmçkçÀçÇvç (poor ~ poverty stricken) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


môkhàs cJçKççmç (by heart ~ by rote ~ verbatim) môlút cJçuçálç (dirty ~ used) mônºús cJçb[ámç (widowhood) môngòlû cJçbiççíuçò (a kind of water weed with numerous small leaves floating in masses over the water ~ a kind of moss) môngúr cJçbiçáj (the young one of a goat) mônjí»û cJçbçÆpçìò (a kind of cowry shell with three corners) mänkún cççBkçáÀvç (a bug ~ one who causes hinderance)



mòn»hún cççWþávç (a bare stump ~ a person who has his arms or legs broken or amputated) mòn»húr cççWþáj (the bare trunk of a tree ~ a log of wood) môtsún cJç]®çávç (to remain over and above ~ to be left remaining) múday cçáo³ç (an un-interrupted look ~ a stare) múºû cçá[ò (foolish ~ un-intelligent) múhûj cçánòpç (a small wooden pestle) mújàdalû cçápççouçò (altercation ~ disputation) mújí môl cçáçÆpç cJçuç (value that of a radish ~ very cheap) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


mújí vùn»h cçáçÆpç JçÓbþ (a camel which is continually helping itself from a pile of radishes ~ an idiot) mùkàlû cçÓkçÀçuçò (having one’s face blackened ~ publicly disgraced) múlívéni

cçáçÆuçJçôv³çd (a collection of turnip tops or similar green stuff dried and stored for winter use ~ raddish leaves) múnúl cçávçáuç (made of wool ~ a rug) mùn»hûr cçÓbþòj (laziness ~ a long wrinkle in cloth) mús cçámç (weariness ~ fatigue) músa»h cçámçþ (loose ~ not tied) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


múshràn cçáMçjçvç (a demon ~ a terrible looking wicked man) múshtanºû cçáMçìb[ò (a fat foolish person) músún cçámçávç (to eat clumsily ~ to eat greedily and indecently) mútsúkrî cçá]®çákçÀjçÇ (estrangement ~ hostility) myàh myàh c³ççn c³ççn (showing of affection under all circumstances) myónd c³ççôbo (leprosy)

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n (vç)

nab vçyç (sky) nadhar vçonj (osprey - a large bird of prey, with a brown back and white markings, feeding on fish) nadharûni na»h vçonjòv³çd vçþ (trembling on seeing a nadhar - an osprey, hence an extreme fear) nagbath, nakhbath vçiçyçLç, vçKçyçLç (pride) nåkhûral vç@Kçòjuç (flirtatious) nakûhath vçkçÀònLç (hatred)



nalam vçuçcç (false denial ~ disclaiming ~ retracking from a stated position) nàlún vççuçávç (to lament) nàmath vççcçLç (calling out by name) nàmû vççcçò (letter ~ document) nangar vçbiçj (a landless person ~ absolutely destitute) nàn gàr vççvç iççj (a menial cultivator) näríj vçç@çÆjpç (a gutter ~ conduit or water pipe)



nasakh vçmçKç (punishment by mutilation such as cutting of nose, ear, finger etc. ~ to punish) nastàn vçmçlççvç (ugly or defective nosed) nà»úkh vççìáKç (a drama ~ a theatrical play) nay vç³ç (a hill forest) nêmû zôlû v³çcçò ]pJçuçò (timid ~ one who is slow in reflexes ~ utterly weak) nênd v³çbo (a large heap of stale boiled rice) néní mônºúkh ~ néní mônºûj vçôçÆvç cJçb[áKç , vçôçÆvç cJçb[òpç (a male frog ~ a female frog)



nêpún v³çHçávç (to swindle another, especially by taking bribes for services which the taker has no intention of rendering) nêrlîph v³çjuççÇHçÀ (unsmeared ~ stainless) nêsar v³çmçj (deep sleep) nêth héni

v³çLç nôv³çd (to afflict a person by compelling him to work for nothing ~ to exploit) nêtû mamún v³çlçò cçcçávç (paralysed ~ permanently deprived of motion or the power of motion) níktû galûr çÆvçkçÀlçò içuçòj (silence from a sense of shame) níkû chíran çÆvçkçÀò çÆ®çjvç (a small lump ~ a little ~ whatever little is left behind ~ small bits) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


nîlûva»h vççÇuçò Jçþ (a kind of large dark stone, generally globular, said to be a kind of marble found in a quarry behind the Shalimar garden) núndûbòn vçáboòyççívç (a darling child ~ a pretty child ~ handsome) nyàl v³ççuç (the last trace or remains of something destroyed ~ remanent) nyùr v³çÓj (a mountain meadow)

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o (Dççí)

òbray Dççíyçj³ç (honour ~ esteem) òg bòg Dççíiç yççíiç (ability to manage) òl vàngún Dççíuç Jççbiçávç (basic facts ~ finer details ~ inner secrets)

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p (Hç)

pàchí HçççÆ®ç (sheep’s or goat’s legs ~ trotters ~ feet) påchhín Hç@çÆsvç (a water fowl) paºòrû Hç[çíjò (one who can not sit down for a long ~ one who is in the habit of walking) pahà Hçnç (a thing temporarily borrowed for use) pahakh HçnKç (person, who carries salt for feeding sheep and goats at a mountain meadow) påhi

panû

Hç@¿çd Hçvçò (great masses of withered fallen leaves during the month of Pausha ~ anything withered like those leaves)



pakhanº ~ pakhànº HçKçb[, HçKççb[ (a religious hypocrite ~ one who puts on the airs of a pious person) pakû mónº HçkçÀò cççôb[ (lower part of the leg, including the hoof of a sheep or goat ~ a trotter) pàlang Hççuçbiç (a method of tying a person, as a punishment, in which his neck is bowed down between his legs, and his ankles and his wrists are tied together) pàlèz Hççuçí]pç (a field of melons or cucumbers) pàlèzû Hççuçí]pçò (hemiplegia ~ constipation) pålím Hç@çÆuçcç (the sediment of oil) pålíyàr Hç@çÆuç³ççj (a fence ~ a hedge ~ railings) pàlûch



Hççuçò®ç (a log laid across a stream for crossing) pålvû Hç@uçJçò (henchman ~ hanger-on) palzún Hçuç]pçávç (to become useful ~ to be helpful ~ to lend a helping hand) pàm Hççcç (censure ~ denunciation ~ a rebuke ~ taunting ~ putting to shame) panchà»h Hçb®ççþ (a council or jury of five wise people) panº Hçb[ (a pillar or column support) panºû Hçb[ò (a priest who officiates at a Hindu sacred place and lives upon the offerings of pilgrims) pangath HçbiçLç (a line of men, animals, trees or the like) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


pànyúr Hççv³çáj (the water carrier) panzúl Hçb]pçáuç (a doll ~ a puppet) panzúr Hçb]pçáj (reduced to skeleton) pànzúv Hççb]pçáJç (a weight of six pounds) papar HçHçj (upper part of the back of the shoulders) pàparjà HççHçjpçç (well off) papûr HçHçòj (skin ~ bark) pàran Hççjvç (breakfast ~ concluding a fast ~ eating or drinking after a fast) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


pàray Hççj³ç (proclamation ~ public announcement especially by beating a drum) pårísh Hç@çÆjMç (habitual indulgence) pärizàn Hçç@³ç& ]pççvç (thorough knowledge ~ complete acquaintance) parkhàsh HçjKççMç (enquiry ~ investigation) partav HçjlçJç (light ~ ray) partavû HçjlçJçò (the sound of a foot step) pärû Hçç@jò (fear) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


parúd Hç©o (different from oneself ~ alien ~ foreigner) päryúm Hçç@³ç&ácç (one who has come to Kashmir from some other place ~ from across the mountains) parzún Hçjpçávç (a servant ~ a personal attendent) pashànº HçMççb[ (a heavy burden carried on a man’s back or shoulders ~ a haversack) pàsha»h HççMçþ (obstinate ~ stubborn) päshnû Hçç@Mçvçò (a shoe like thing made of cloth, worn over socks) pashpû HçMçHçò (veins and muscles of the joints ~ ribs)



päsrún Hçç@mçjávç (to abuse ~ censure ~ dishonour) pàsúkh HççmçáKç (a guardian ~ diety ~ a deified serpent who guards hidden treasure) pàthúl HççLçáuç (a low plain at the foot of a mountain) pathún HççLçávç (to progress ~ to prosper ~ to achieve what one desires) päthûr Hçç@Lçòj (drama ~ pretence) pa»òr Hçìçíj (one who is in the habit of chattering nonsensical absurdities) pàtsakh Hçç]®çKç (easily digested ~ a digestive) patûjên làrún Hçlçòp³çvç uçç©vç (emaciated due to poverty) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


pav HçJç (water way ~ the course along which a boat moves) pav HçJç (tendency towards something) pay Hç³ç (information ~ knowledge) pàyúchh Hçç³çás (a man, especially a Brahmin, who supports himself by accepting funeral offerings and similar gifts) pàzún Hçç]pçávç (to extract ~ to bring out ~ empty out) pêdún H³çoávç (to gain experience of anything ~ to become encouraged for a criminal action by the experience of having done it once or twice before with impunity ~ to get accustomed to do a wrong) pênd H³çbo (a ball)



pêndúl H³çboáuç (shrinking together of the parts or limbs of anything ~ shrinking like a ball) pênzúl H³çb]pçáuç (a complete kernel of a walnut or similar nut in which the kernel is in sections but joined together) pêpàsû H³çHççmçò (great thirst) pê»hòvúl H³çþçíJçáuç (one who interferes by giving advice or instructions to those not under his orders ~ one who takes upon himself authority which he is not entitled ~ a self-imposed authority)) pétsíºàr HçôçÆ]®ç[çj (one who pretends to be a head ~ a folk character designated as the head of fools) pílav çÆHçuçJç (projection of a house touching another house ~ a connection between the two houses) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


pîn HççÇvç (delivery ~ bearing a child) píndûchh çÆHçboòs (kind of a water fowl) pîntsû käni

HççR]®çò kçÀç@v³çd (a certain small bird, described as flying very high and with a long acute call) pínzúr, pínzûr çÅHç]pçáj, çÅHç]pçòj (the son of a daughter’s daughter ~ the daughter of a daughter’s daughter) pí»ún çÆHçìávç (to lament ~ bewail) pòg Hççíiç (destruction ~ embarrassment) pògû môgúl Hççíiçò cJçiçáuç (one who invites destruction / embarrassment) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


pôkhúr HJçKçáj (the inner bowl of a mortar ~ an irrigation basin round a garden plant or tree) pôkhûr HJçKçòj (a large masonry well, generally with steps down to the water) pôlàdû HJçuççoò (steel) pôlún HJçuçávç (to become weak ~ to get discouraged) pôlúr HJçuçáj (weak ~ infirm) pón Hççôvç (a wedge) pònkhúr HççWKçáj (one of the buttocks) pòn»al HççWìuç (one who is stupid by nature, lazy and wanting in intelligence) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


pônûsón HJçvçòmççôvç (the ceremony performed by women on the occasion of the dyeing of the bridegroom’s or boy’s feet etc., performed at the wedding, ceremonial tonsure or investment with the sacred thread) pônûsúnd HJçvçòmçábo (may they be again ~ may you have more and more children) pò»hún Hççíþávç (to be) pôtsúr HJç]®çáj (the stumpy tail of a sheep, goat or the like) pôtshûr HJçæsòj (the long tail of a cow, horse, lion or the like) pòvachí HççíJççÆ®ç (ribs) pradùsh ÒççoáMç (evening ~ first part of the night)



pràgàsh ÒççiççMç (light ~ moonshine) pràh Òççn (possesion by a demon) pràlab ~ pràlabd Òççuçyç, Òççuçyo (a person’s fate in this life ~ destiny) pranay Òçvç³ç (intimacy ~ affection ~ courtesy) pràs Òççmç (the portion of the gift, which is returned by the groom’s side to the bride’s side, after receiving it from them on various festive occasions) pràshún ÒççMç³ç (feeding, especialy the first giving of food to a newly born child) pratakh ÒçlçKç (expulsion of a member from the family, usually for some fault and resulting in the expelled person losing all rights as a member of the family)



pràth ÒççLç (nonsense or inarticulate talk) prathún ÒçLçávç (to become famous) pratsûran Òç]®çòjvç (bringing into use) pravû ÒçJçò (sunshine ~ brilliancy) prínzún çÅÒç]pçávç (incite to greater effort ~ encourage to action) pròt Òççílç (one who talks foolishly) prùg ÒçÓiç (presentation by the bride’s father and his people of the customary presents to the bridegroom and his family on the occasion of a marriage or thereafter)



púgún Hçáiçávç (to fall fast asleep) púlû Hçáuçò (straw - as in ‘púlûhòr’) pûr pûr Hçòj Hçòj (prating ~ jabbering ~ talking incessantly) púrsísh HçájçÆmçMç (questioning ~ inquiry) púrû Hçájò (a piece of fine cloth used as sieve) púrûbi

Hçájòy³çd (a Brahman who marries another’s widow) pusha»h HçáMçþ (a sandal strap ~ the strap of a wooden sandal) púshí HçáçÆMç (that which is needed to complete something incomplete)



púshnay HçáMçvç³ç (additionally ~ more than that) pûtsún ~ pútsún Hçò]®çávç, Hçá]®çávç (plucking or nipping a flower or the like to pieces, leaf by leaf, petal by petal) pyód H³ççôo (one who is aware of other’s secrets)

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ph (HçÀ)

phabún HçÀyçávç (to augur well ~ to become successful or wealthy) phåkîrû ka»h Hç@ÀkçÀçÇjò kçÀþ (a beggar’s son ~ a man living in a state of poverty) phåkírúth Hç@ÀçÆkçÀ©Lç (the condition of a beggar) phalakh HçÀuçKç (a kind of sling fastened to a naughty child’s feet, by which he is hung head downwards as a punishment) phalhàr HçÀuçnçj (a diet consisting wholly of fruit, to the exclusion of grain, adopted on fast days) phalväy HçÀuçJçç@³ç (one who is distraught ~ crazy ~ driven mad) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


phand HçbÀo (deceipt ~ fraud) phånºi

HçBÀ[îç (calamity ~ disaster ~ misfortune) phängrû HçÀçBiçjò (absolutely without means ~ penniless) phängún HçÀçBiçávç (to wail ~ to whimper ~ to mew by a cat) phänphlún HçÀçBHçÀuçávç (to be fit for any work ~ to be fit for use ~ to blossom) pharhàdû búº HçÀjnçoò yçá[ (name of the old lady who immediately went to inform Farhaad about death of his beloved Shirin ~ any old lady who has the habit of carrying secret information from one place to other) pharhångi

HçÀjnBi³çd (a European) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


pharún HçÀ©vç (secret theft to occuer ~ to have one’s property pilfered ~ secretly help oneself to the results of another’s success) phash HçÀMç (a voilent wind storm ~ lunacy ~ craziness) phatrath HçÀlçjLç (weariness ~ distress) phatàrath HçÀlççjLç (foolish talks ~ nonsense) phatsal HçÀ]®çuç (one whose face has no hair on it except for a thin, scraggy, tail-like beard) phatsàl HçÀ]®ççuç (last to get attention) phàtû phåkíräni

HçÀçlçò HçÀ@çÆkçÀjç@v³çd (a woman who habitually acts like a beggar, going about in dirty worn-out clothes, even if she need not) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


pha»û vàngún HçÀìò Jççbiçávç (slang, used to denote a mischievous lad) phà»ûvan vàd HçÀçìòJçvç Jçço (causing annoyance by remaining silent ~ to cause distress) phêdúr Hçw³çoáj (a small thin strip of meat, tough even after cooking) phêmb Hçw³çbyç (the distress displayed by a nursling child when crying ~ distress felt by oneself when calling out, lamenting or speaking but failing to get an answer or getting one’s demand satisfied) phênºûr Hçw³çb[òj (a fair maiden ~ a pretty unmarried girl) phênv Hçw³çbJç (a certain hunting animal which is said to follow a lion and to indicate its passage by a low growl ~ making a sound indicating redicule) phênzàrû Hçw³çb]pççjò (great lamentation for something lost, damaged or the like, in the hope that someone will be moved to restore it or make the loss good) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


phêph »êng Hçw³çHçÀ ìîçbiç (a naughty, disobedient boy) phéshûl HçÀôMçòuç (unlucky ~ bringing or indicating bad luck ~ ill omened) phînû HçÀçÇvçò (froth or foam from the mouth) phíphran çÆHçÀHçÀjvç (anxiety and fear as to illness or grief overwhelming some beloved son, friend etc.) phîntûni

HçÀçRlçòv³çd (small pieces of cloth, leather, paper etc., cut or torn from the main piece) phítsûni

çÆHçÀ]®çòv³çd (to forget ~ to miss inadvertently) phór HçÀçôj (the belly) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


phrakh ÖçÀKç (breathlessness) phròt ÖçÀçílç (one who does nothing in the usual way ~ an ignorant boorish fellow ~ one who is used to issue unwelcome statements) phúh HçáÀn (cheese made from ewe’s milk) phûhún HçÀònávç (to split open the belly ~ the experience of severe pain ~ inward wrath) phúni phôkh HçáÀv³çd HçwJçKç (uninhabited ~ desolate ~ deserted) phûr HçÀòj (flatery) phúrtsar HçáÀjæ®çj (dexterity ~ skilled alertness) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


phûrû tsår HçÀòjò ]®ç@j (a hurrying woman ~ one in agitated hurry) phûs HçÀòmç (hidden rage in a person caused by opposition ~ general discontent) phútangû HçáÀlçbiçò (intense irritation ~ fierce itching) phûtû phûtû HçÀòlçò HçÀòlçò (scraps ~ small bits ~ to put on a false appearance of enjoyment, by decorating oneself) phûtû phyòr HçÀòlçò Hçw³ççíj (foolish ~ one who talks untimely and irresponsibly) phyàr Hçw³ççj (something to turn out wrong ~ an upsetting statement ) phyåts ~ phyót Hçw³ç@]®ç, Hçw³ççôlç (one who is rude in speech, clothing, action, eating and so on ~ one who does everything the wrong way and contrary to customs)



phyàtsar Hçw³çç]®çj (eccentric conduct)

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r (j) rab mathûni

jyç cçLçòv³çd (to put to shame) ràd jço (length of garment, a pillar, land or a rope) radòlû joçíuçò (a cheat ~ a swindler) rahzún jn]pçávç (a robber ~ a scoundrel) rakht jKlç (fine clothes and ornaments ~ festal array) rànºû jçb[ò (a goonda ~ a violent scoundrel) randúkh jboáKç (a long strip of leather)



randúkh jboáKç (one who habitually wanders about causelessly or without motive) rän»as ~ rän»ús jçBìmç, jçBìámç (a female demon ~ a male demon) ranzún jb]pçávç (to become pleased ~ to be comforted ~ to be contended) ràsh jçMç (capital ~ stocks in trade) rasûr jmçòj (a kind of tall earthenware used for cooking rice etc. ~ extreme heat ~ boiling water ~ a violent thunderstorm accompanied by destructive lightning and scalding rain) rasû rasay jmçò jmç³ç (slowly) ratas tû trèshí jlçmç lçò $çíçÆMç (blood thirsty ~ extreme enmity ~ at daggers drawn)



rà»h jçþ (continuous ~ in a line or a row) råthi

j@L³çd (fast ~ quick) rä»hi

jçþdîç (a goonda ~ quarrelsome) ratû chhaph jlçò sHçÀ (sacrifying blood ~ to make a sacrifice before starting a new work) ratû tsôkay jlçò ]®JçkçÀ³ç (not able to sit down for a long ~ coming and going) ravakh jJçKç (a long upper chamber or upper verandah for meeting and dining) ravandû jJçboò (passenger ~ traveller ~ often used to denote a swindler, a cheat) ràva»h jçJçþ (circling on guard ~ watch and ward patrol)



ràvúk jçJçákçÀ (watchman, especially that of an irrigation canal or stream) ràvúl jçJçáuç (one who conducts or causes a person to go along a bad or wrong road ~ one who leads a person to astray) räzíl jç@çÆ]pçuç (conduct of a king or like that of a king) råzîlû j@]pççÇuçò (mean ~ ignoble ~ rascal ~ roguish) ràzû hònz jç]pçò nçW]pç (swan ~ flamingo) ràzû ka»h jç]pçò kçÀþ (the king ram ~ a ram offered with other food to the presiding Bhairav of a cemetery ~ a sacrificial lamb) rêdû jd³çoò (the heart)



rêmû jd³çcçò (anxiety caused by fear ~ to be concerned about) rènph jWHçÀ (a little of anything) rèn»ún jWìávç (a bad-natured troublesome boy) rêy j³³ç (a tickling sensation as if caused by ants ~ itchiness) rîkh jçÇKç (the expression of the face) ríndû phól çÆjboò HçÀçôuç (smart and sharp child) rínzún çÅj]pçávç (to escape or flee away secretly) rívún çÆjJçávç (to be distraught with inward grief ~ to mourn ~ to weep) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


róbùdû jçôyçÓoò (distraught) rònd jçWo (strolling for watch and ward) rônûzàh tû vônûzàh jdJçvçò]pççn lçò JJçvçò]pççn (a rare encounter) rônû zônû jdJçvçò ]pJçvçò (making a living ~ to make a move) ròsh jçíMç (anger ~ rage ~ resentment ~ practice ~ custom)) ròtsún jçí]®çávç (to be preferred ~ desirable ~ agreeable) rò»û jçíìò (impediment ~ obstruction) rôy jdJç³ç (the face ~ visage) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


rúgäli

jáiçç@u³çd (a kind of blanket woven of woolen threads of varied colours) rûs jòmç (slip) rûsh jòMç (envy ~ jealousy) rúvún jáJçávç (to transplant ~ to bury tightly in the ground) ryúchh jd³çás (abusive fellow ~ a rude fellow)

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s (mç)

säd makàr mçç@o cçkçÀçj (impostor ~ a swindler in the garb of a pious person) sàdún mççoávç (to help) sådûrû känz mç@oòjò kçÀçB]pç (sour gruel made from rice-water mixed with ajovan and fermented) sädûrvàr mçç@oòjJççj (fresh ~ not stale) sakàbû mçkçÀçyçò (a disease affecting cattle, with swelling of the belly accompanied by painful tomours) sakhar mçKçj (setting forth ~ prepare to proceed) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


saklî mçkçÀuççÇ (early in the morning with empty stomach) sàm mççcç (assesment ~ survey) sàma»h mççcçþ (get together ~ assemble) sàmrath mççcçjLç (strength ~ stamina) samshay mçcçMç³ç (doubt) sam sótúr mçcç mççôlçáj (utter destruction) samúth mçcçáLç (combination of a number of people for some common object ~ coalition ~ cooperation) san mçvç (theft ~ burglary ~ the proceeds of thept, burglary) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


sändúr mççBoòj (a drain through a wall) såndûràvún mçBoòjçJçávç (to kindle ~ set alight ~ ignite) sani

mçv³çd (the sprinkling of water on the house deity) sàng mççbiç (immitation ~ pose ~ pretend ~ disguise) sangà»h mçbiççþ (a collection of things, generally household items) sångîn mçBiççÇvç (made of stone ~ solid ~ strong) sanglàth, sanglàkh mçbiçuççLç, mçbiçuççKç (very hard ~ very strong ~ which can not be broken easily) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


sängùpàng mççBiçÓHççbiç (completely ~ entirely ~ embodiment) sangúr mçbiçáj (a mountain especially when steep and difficult) sangûr mçbiçòj ( a hillock ~ a mound) sanz mçb]pç (preparation ~ a beginning ~ setting to) sardarû mçjojò (the lintel of a door) sarsäni

mçjmçç@v³çd (one who full of arrogance or self-presumption ~ vainglory) sarûgî mçjòiççÇ (testing ~ trying ~ investigate) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


satûr mçlçòj (a veil ~ a covering ~ a place in which ladies of high position dwell secluded ~ a harem) sa»û va»û mçìò Jçìò (private agreement ~ joint secrecy ~ conspiracy) sàvay mççJç³ç (happiness ~ prosperity) say mç³ç (advance) sêkû m³çkçÀò (well fitting ~ suitable ~ congruous ~ firm) sêm m³çcç (foundation ~ root ~ bottom) sépínêr mçôçÆHçv³çj (laziness ~ dilatoriness) sêpû m³çHçò (having a swollen face ~ slow ~ lazy) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


sèr mçíj (bleeding, as in nas-sèr) sèth mçíLç (epilepsy ~ causing annoyance or trouble) sê»h m³çþ (indigestion) sêthúr m³çLçáj (mud plaster mixed with chaff ~ floor) sípû çÆmçHçò (exactly fitting) sír çÆmçj (secret) sítèjû çÆmçlçípçò (teasing menacingly ~ annoyance ~ altercation) síyàpû çÆmç³ççHçò (mess ~ the condition of being spoiled ~ perplexity) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


sôchh mJçs (plenty and cheap) sôgû mJçiçò (cheap) sôgûnyàr mJçiçòv³ççj (clearness of the sky on the stoppage of rain or snow) sôka»h mJçkçÀþ (a good son ~ a virtuous and charming boy) sôkhàlû mJçKççuçò (easy ~ feasible ~ practicable) sôlal mJçuçuç (mutual affection ~ long standing brotherly love) sôlbû mJçuçyç (easily available ~ in plenty)



sómbúl mççôcyçáuç (a certain plant of sweet odour ~ the hairs of a mistress are often compared to it) sôndar mJçboj (a Hindu festival held after a babe is bathed on the sixth day after birth, on which day, also offerings and worship are offered to goddess Sheshti) sônû chúchúr mJçvçò ®çá®çáj (name of a mountain bird, said to have gold coloured wings and a long tail) sôrshún ~ sôrshàvún mJçjMçávç, mJçjMççJçávç (to wash ~ clean with water) sôth mJçLç (deep and prolonged sleep) sô»hakh mJçþKç (crystal ~ quartz) sôtún mJçlçávç (to sleep ~ to be tranquillised ~ cooled ~ extinguished)



sranºû ñçb[ò (a fat man ~ a buffalo) sréh ñçôn (wetness ~ affection ~ love) sród ñççôo (common ~ joint) súkû mçákçÀò (abstinence from food) súkúr mçákçáÀj (ego) súrath mçÓjLç (occupation ~ means of subsistence ~ means of accomplishment) súrsàth mçájmççLç (rice or other grain which is rendered worthless by admixture of dirt or the like) sûrsèth mçòjmçíLç (the act of causing annoyance or trouble) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


sûrsûr mçòj mçòj (ego) sûsar mçòmçj (heat ~ great warmth ~ humidity) süsü mçómçó (dilatoriness ~ procrastination ~ doing lazily) sùsûmàr mçÓmçòcççj (a malicious person ~ a wolf in sheep’s clothing) sûts mçò]®ç (a large strong needle used for sewing sacks) syós m³ççômç (slow natured ~ inactive ~ a pimp)

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sh (Mç)

shadàdû Mçoçoò (name of an ancient king, said to have created a place resembling heaven ~ a strong person ~ impetuous) shakhdar MçKçoj (an employee commisioned to collect land tax in olden times ~ village watchman) shalakh MçuçKç (beating ~ whipping ~ scourging) shaltakh MçuçlçKç (shrewd ~ cunning) shäníl Mçç@çÆvçuç (over bearing ~ bravado) shànû phòrûni

Mççvçò HçÀçí©vç (to invite a thrashing)



sharàyí zäl MçjççÆ³ç ]pçç@uç (amount outstanding with the people) shartal Mçjlçuç (a small share taken in a bet or gambling) shà»h Mççþ (a sand-bank in a river) shàvay MççJç³ç (rumour ~ a general report) shàvûr MççJçòj (a deceitful ill-conducted woman, outwardly well-conducted) shày Mçç³ç (a place of resort ~ a place of refuge or a meeting place) shéhlún Mçônuçávç (an evil smell like that of rotten fish ~ a stink) shènkal MçWkçÀuç (timid ~ hesitating ~ irresolute) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


shènkún MçWkçáÀvç (to doubt ~ hesitate ~ to be suspicious) shígûnàvún çÆMçiçòvççJçávç (exposing to jealous looks) shíg çÆMçiç (alarm due to some bad omen ~ apprehention) shínäy çÆMçvçç@³ç (devastation) shínàyí môgúl çÆMçvçççÆ³ç cJçiçáuç (one who destroys the entire laboriously acquired earnings of one’s lifetime) shînû pípíni

MççÇvçò çÆHççÆHçv³çd

(a small bird, the cry of which is supposed to indicate the approach of winter snow) shíshír ~ shíshúr çÆMççÆMçj, çÆMçMçáj (the cold season ~ extreme cold ~ the festival on this occasion ~ to apply an emulet to the head of a newly born child or a newly married daughter-in-law to ward of attacks of demons) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


shíshar bòg çÆMçMçj yççíiç (the present made to her by the parents and relations of the newly married bride on the occasion of the Shishir festival) shíshar gän»h çÆMçMçj iççBþ (icicle) shíshar gòr çÆMçMçj iççíj (the amulet, shaped like a water-chestnut and filled with mustard and other ingredients, fixed on the head gear or garment of a newly married daughter-in-law on the occasion of the Shishar festival) shí»hû çÆMçþò (admant ~ staunch ~ orthodox ~ firm) shí»hún çÆMçþávç (to become congealed ~ become frozen thick or solid) shògû Mççíiçò (green pigeon) shòkh tû pônûsúnd MççíKç lçò HJçvçòmçábo (an auspicious compliment, uttered by female relations and friends to a mother shortly after the birth of a boy, on the occasion of her formal bathing, wishing her more and more children) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


shòlún Mççíuçávç (to shine ~ glow) shòlûnàvún MççíuçòvççJçávç (to cause to shine ~ to make famous ~ to make generally known) shônºû éçb[ò (the face) shóph MççôHçÀ (equality of condition ~ succeeding another in exactly the same position ~ successorship) shranºû Þçb[ò (a bull set at liberty as an act of piety, and allowed to wander about at will) shrô»h ÞçdJçþ (an untrue story ~ an imaginary or false statement made publicly ~ patently false) shrútún Þçálçávç (to drink with noise ~ to gulp down in one long breath)



shúh Mçán (ice frozen solid ~ frost bite) shúpûr MçáHçòj (a small winnowing basket)

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t (lç) tabàshìr lçyççMççÇj (sugar of the bamboo) tabchí péní lçyççÆ®ç HçôçÆvç (subjected to scolding) tabrèz lçyçjí]pç (a kind of turban made up of a long narrow strip of cotton or woollen cloth) tabûch lçyçò®ç (a kind of earthen plate) tabûchí parní lçyççÆ®ç HçjçÆvç (to rebuke ~ to scold) tagan gårî lçiçvç iç@jçÇ (cleverness ~ smartness) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


tàkhúch lççKçá®ç (a shelf built into the wall ~ niche) talvàs lçuçJççmç (commotion ~ restlessness ~ anxiety) tàlyún lççu³çávç (upper half of the head, from the roof of the mouth upwards) tanakh lçvçKç (a string or cord made of the fine twisted silver wires) tandal lçbouç (group ~ collection ~ large number) tànêr lççv³çj (show off ~ expertise) tanûgath lçvçòiçLç (false appearance ~ disguise ~ pretending to be someone else) tapäli

lçHçç@u³çd (epidemic ~ general outbreak of cholera, plague or the like)



taphar lçHçÀj (great exhaustion caused by difficult nature of work) tàvan lççJçvç (burning jealousy ~ consuming envy ~ heart burning ~ sorrow caused by the death of a dear one, or loss in trading) »éki tàl ìôkçw³çd lççuç (a veil, on top of the head, ornamented with spots and coloured patterns, worn by ladies on festive occassions like son’s marriage etc.) têmbar l³çcyçj (cataract of the eyes) tígºam çÆlçiç[cç (fraud ~ cheating) tílím çÆlççÆuçcç (a narrow strip of cloth, wooden board or the like) tîlû zàlay lççÇuçò ]pççuç³ç (wastage of time ~ un-necessary delay ~ tardiness) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


tôlûch lJçuçò®ç (defeat) tôrû lJçjò (a fringe of hair ~ an ornamental tassle ~ an ornament worn on a turban) tôth lJçLç (a kind of its own) tràg $ççiç (an artificial circular pond, overgrown in vegetation) tråhrún $ç@n©vç (to be afraid ~ get a fright) trakh $çKç (the lowest part of the backbone) tram $çcç (a hole bored in a plank of wood or the like) tràs $ççmç (fear) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


trômbûr $Jçbyçòj (a huddle of people) trùnz $çÓb]pç (a kind of panther, believed to try to eat the moon by jumping up towards it) trúpåti

$çáHç@l³çd (a master cheat) túphûch lçáHçÀò®ç (fat and protuberant belly) túray lçáj³ç (a trumpet ~ a clarion) tyól l³ççôuç (inability to endure another’s prosperity ~ jealousy)

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th (Lç) thängi

LççBi³çd (one who is in the habit of dishonestly interfering with another’s work so as to appropriate its result) thaní súlû LççÆvç mçáuçò (unable to walk owing to habitual weakness ~ a victim of chronic debility) thar-nànúkh Lçj vççvçáKç (heads & tails of a coin) tharû Lçjò (scare ~ shiver) thépí thépí LçôçÆHç LçôçÆHç (all about ~ everywhere) thôkúl LJçkçáÀuç (spittoon)



thôs LJçmç (weariness ~ distress ~ fatigue) thós Lççômç (a lump of snow or cotton or the like ~ a little bit ~ the fingers’ full ~ as much as can be taken up by the united tops of the fingers of one hand)

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» (ì) »abar ìyçj (family ~ household) »àkàrû ìçkçÀçjò (prominently visible ~ clear ~ without any doubt) »anºû ìb[ò (dispute) »andû ganºam ìb[ò içb[cç (making a great show of prosperity by collecting valuables from various sources, in order to impose on people) »än»úkh ìçBìáKç (one who speaks ill) »aph ìHçÀ (roof of a tonga) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


»åpíl ì@çÆHçuç (a woman endowed with long and copious hair) »aplû ìHçuçò (embezzlement ~ mistake ~ error) »apûr ìHçòj (a young girl whose hair is habitually in disarray) »apûréni

ìHçòjôv³çd (an extravagant woman who spends more money than she can afford) »ar ìj (an invented story ~ fiction ~ totally false) »asnû ìmçvçò (a jest ~ a joke ~ jokingly charging another with something) »àsúr ìçmçáj (not deep ~ shallow) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


»èn»h ìWþ (self pretension ~ self conceit) »íkû çÆìkçÀò (run) »íkû när çÆìkçÀò vçç@j (veins or muscles of the legs) »íkû vàvûj çÆìkçÀò JççJçòpç (children’s windmill, consisting of vanes fixed at the tip of a rod, which are set in motion while the holder runs ~ a pin wheel) »íkyúl, »íkíl çÆìkçw³çáuç, çÆìçÆkçÀuç (a tethering peg) »ínºkû çÆìb[kçÀò (ignorant ~ one who behaves like that) »íní gúr çÆìçÆvç içáj (a horse, around whose neck a bell is tied and who gallops on the sound of the bell ~ an aged person whose action is like that of such a horse) »óli



ìçôu³çd (the sockets of the eyes) »ônd ìdJçb[ (a lump or bump on the upper part of the forehead) »úb ìáyç (grave destruction due to floods or earth quakes) »úchí ìáçÆ®ç (a lazy fellow) »údi

ìá[îç (rumour) »ün ìób (false accusation ~ aspersion) »únºàkh ìáb[çKç (provocative language) »únºû ìáb[ò (one who has naturally a withered or a crooked arm)



»úrún ìá©vç (the bough of a tree cleared of all its shoots and branches, fit only for firewood or the like ~ twig) »úvún ìáJçávç (to close, shut up eyes, hands, mouth or the like)

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»h (þ)

»habàbû þyççyçò (artificial ~ fictitious ~ make believe) »hàkh þçKç (stop ~ prohibit ~ not allow) »häni

þç@v³çd (fraud ~ swindling ~ trap) »hîkún þçÇkçáÀvç (to stand firmly ~ to be steady) »híngún çÅþiçávç (a saucy boy, pretty but too free with his tongue) »hípún çÆþHçávç (to beat ~ to thrash) »hòbû þdJçyçò (a short person with a big head)



»hòkúr þçíkçáÀj (an idol ~ an image for worship) »hòn»h þçWþ (fail to agree ~ to refuse without reason) »hór þçôj (obstruction)

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ts (]®ç) tsakh ]®çKç (rage ~ anger) tsàkh ]®ççKç (a combination of four in counting) tsàkúth ]®ççkçáÀLç (to circumscribe ~ to go around) tsamúr ]®çcçáj (one who makes footwear or works with leather) tsånºíkh ]®çBçÆ[Kç (a meeting place of thieves and gamblers) tsängíj ]®ççBçÆiçpç (a round piece of matting made of grass) tsari latshûj ]®ççÆj uçæsòpç



(a kind of grass used in making brooms; its seeds are used as medicine) tsåríni

]®ç@çÆjv³çd (inward wrath ~ jealousy ~ irritation) tsartsún ]®çj®çávç (to watch ~ investigate ~ observe) tsäryún ]®çç@³ç&ávç (the refuse thrown away in preparing vegetables) tsas ]®çmç (a tearing blow ~ insult ~ great fear or sorrow) tsà»h ]®ççþ (a pupil ~ an apprentice) tsatsûr ]®ç]®çòj (dispute) tsêmbûr ]®³çcyçòj (having short nose ~ flat nosed ~ snub nosed) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


tsêngún ]®³çbiçávç (to rejoice ~ show happiness) tsènth ]®çWLç (tumbling head over heels) tsêtûpîdà ]®³çlçòHççÇ[ç (mental agony ~ persistent worry) tsíngûr ]çÆ®çbiçòj (jump with joy) tsònph ]®ççWHçÀ (the quantity that can be lifted with a finger tip) tsônz ]®Jçb]pç (a female slave ~ a housemaid) tsôpêndúl ]®JçH³çboáuç (seized by hands and feet or bound by ropes) tsôtsún ]®Jç]®çávç (dispute ~ to fall off) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


tsúkú» ]®çákçáÀì (which has not dried from inside ~ shrivelled) tsûr ]®çòj (utterance in a low tone ~ a secret revealed unintentionally) tsùrû khôº ]®çÓjò KJç[ (depression between neck and head) tsùrû khót ]®çÓjò Kççôlç (making a plan secretly) tshyùntsh æsd³çÓbæs (a man of very low or degraded caste ~ an outcaste ~ one involved in bird catching) tsrang ]®ç´biç (palpitations ~ quivering ~ writhing) tsról ]®ç´çôuç (one who makes footwear or works with leather) tsùsrí gùsrí ]®çÓmççÆj içÓmççÆj (to talk in secrecy ~ whispering in the ear) ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥



tsh (æs)

tshåglû æs@içuçò (a big cauldron) tshalû balû æsuçò yçuçò (by fraud and force ~ by trickery) tshímbûr çÅæscyçòj (faint or dull sunlight ~ dusk) tshôkal æsdJçkçÀuç (filled with conceit in one’s own shrewdness ~ proud of one’s own cleverness) tshômb æsdJçcyç (secret knowledge ~ private experience ~ a trick)

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u (G, T)

úphtàdû GHçÀlççoò (oppressed ~ badly treated ~ least cared for ~ unproductive land) útní balàyí tút GlççÆvç yçuçççÆ³ç lçálç (one held for the other ~ one sacrificed for the other) ùsrí khùsrí TmççÆj KçÓmççÆj (scattered ~ without order)

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v (Jç)

vabàh Jçyççn (an epidemic disease like cholera, plague etc.) vachh Jçs (chest ~ breasts) vaº Jç[ (profit in a mercnatile transaction ~ discount ~ an agreed reduction in price to complete a speedy sale) vädûr Jçç@oòj (a bubo, especially in the armpit) vadav JçoJç (congratulations ~ rejoicing ~ festivity) vag Jçiç (a bridle) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


vakànû JçkçÀçvçò (a cause ~ a pretext for an unexpected or unforeseen occurance) vakhnay JçKçvç³ç (detailed explanation ~ commentary) våkûr Jç@kçÀòj (a storm of anger ~ rage) valèkín JçuçíçÆkçÀvç (unstated reason or cause) valgatún Jçuçiçlçávç (the act of winding round ~ curving back or bending back) vanºû Jçb[ò (a part ~ share) vàngúj Jççbiçápç (tenant ~ one who lives in another’s house) var Jçj (inward anger ~ resentment ~ displeasure) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


vashaph, vashíph JçMçHçÀ, JççÆMçHçÀ (forgetfulness ~ carelessness ~ to err unknowingly) vasmath JçmçcçLç (the entire property) vasûph JçmçòHçÀ (good quality in a person) va»ath JçìLç (earnings ~ amassed profits) vå»íni

Jç@çÆìv³çd (whatever is saved) va»h Jçþ (a globular and smooth stone like that found in river bed ~ a boulder) và»h Jççþ (a lumpy kind of porridge of coarsely broken grain) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


vathúr JçLçáj (great fatigue ~ weariness ~ distress) vathûvàr JçLçòJççj (destruction or ruin) vath valaz JçLç Jçuç]pç (influence) våtîrû Jç@lççÇjò (manners ~ etiquette) va»ûkhùr JçìòKçÓj (disrupt some body's movement ~ to thwart some body's efforts by a trick ~ stumble) va»ûsi

Jçìòm³çd (to turn into stone of a human being) vêbùth J³çyçÓLç (riches ~ wealth ~ plenty) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


vêgûlún J³çiçòuçávç (to melt down) véh Jçôn (poison) vêsûrún J³çmçò©vç (to become nervous ~ to lose nerves) vêzan J³ç]pçvç (a secret place ~ a private spot) vígíni

çÆJççÆiçv³çd (a certain hill godess who wanders through the forests singing and dancing. In the old times, she is said to have been visible to mortal eyes ~ fairy) víh çÆJçn (sudden change of condition or appearance ~ change in a moment from an ordinary state to another) vílyúng çÆJçu³çábiç (inaccessible ~ difficult ~ complicated) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


víz çÆJç]pç (time ~ moment) vôbàl JJçyççuç (fault ~ a guilty condition) vôdúr JJçoáj (womb ~ belly ~ abdomen) vôdúr JJçoáj (an otter) vódúr Jççôoáj (marauder ~ highway robber) vôdyùg JJçÐçÓiç (exertion ~ effort ~ dexterity) vôgû JJçiçò (a roofed opening in the roof) vôgû JJçiçò (deafness) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


vôgún JJçiçávç (shallow ~ not deep) vôjàrû JJçpççjò (laid waste ~ devastated ~ ruined) vójastû Jççôpçmlçò (sheltered space under the eaves of a house ~ roof projection) vôkhshún JJçKçMçávç (scraping out and emptying a pot with a ladle or spoon) vòkhû JççíKçò (unwell ~ unbalanced ~ terrifying) vôkhúr JJçKçáj (overturning ~ stirring up) vôlàm JJçuççcç (blame ~ accusation) vôlûhårísh JJçuçòn@çÆjMç (calamity, outrage) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


vôlûsanû JJçuçòmçvçò (ecstasize in merriment) vôndû JJçboò (heart ~ feelings ~ character ~ a person’s inner intention ~ determination ~ resolve) vônûtsàr JJçvçò]®ççj (height ~ loftiness ~ stature of a man) vôrúd JJç©o (the second husband of a woman) vôrûz JJçjò]pç (the woman who has married a second husband after losing her first) vôthûbè»h JJçLçòyçíþ (repeatedly rising up and settling down ~ manners) vôtsûrà»h JJç]®çòjçþ (censurable, wicked or vile conduct)



vôtûmúkhi

JJçlçòcçáK³çd (upside down) vózàl Jççô]pççuç (loss ~ damage) vúchäpi

Jçá®çç@H³çd

(one who raises groundless disputes) vúdyùg JçáÐçÓiç (exertion ~ effort ~ dexterity) vúkarmåni JçákçÀjcç@v³çd (failure ~ disgrace because of failure) vúkúr JçákçáÀj (unfortunate ~ unsuccessful in work ~ damaged or dented ~ malformed) vúlûmåni Jçáuçòcç@v³çd (by hanging on to something)



vúnû Jçávçò (blindness) vúnyùb Jçáv³çÓyç (delusion ~ mistake ~ error) vúnyúkh Jçáv³çÓKç (now ~ the present time - as in vúnyúkh tàm) vúphún JçáHçáÀvç (to take flight) vúpû JçáHçò (internal smouldering ~ inward rotting ~ fermentation) vúrà»h púrà»h na bòzún Jçájçþ Hçájçþ vç yççí]pçávç (not to consider the beginning and the end ~ to show rashness ~ not to think of consequences) vúrùsî JçáªmççÇ (a kind of light movable partition for dividing up a room into sections as required)



vútàvúl JçálççJçáuç (hasty ~ eager ~ impatient) vú»híni

JçáçÆþv³çd (persistence or obstinacy in insisting to undertake or not to undertake some work in spite of another’s persuation) vútûmåkhi

Jçálçácç@K³çd (upside down) vúz Jçá]pç (the doorway ~ passage) vyàd J³çço (illness ~ suffering ~ distress) vyàpún J³ççHçávç (to be able to reach ~ to be able to carry out a difficult work ~ capacity to accomplish) vyód J³ççôo (known) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


vyúp J³çáHç (flood)

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y (³ç) yab ³çyç (concealment or denial of knowledge ~ going back from one’s word) yachh ³çs (yaksha ~ a kind of demi-god attendent on Kuber, employed in guarding his treasures) yadúvay ³çoáJç³ç (if ~ in case ~ provided that) yägi

³çç@i³çd (arrogant ~ brazen ~ audacious) yàgar påchhíni

³ççiçj Hç@çÆsv³çd (a legendry bird of monstrous size, capable of carrying away animals as large as a horse) yalàkh ³çuççKç (a mountain table-land ~ a high plateau)



yàmath ³ççcçLç (just when ~ as soon as) yangúr ³çbiçáj (a charcoal burner ~ one who prepares charcoal in the forest) yàrûbal ³ççjòyçuç (a bathing place on the river bank or the like, where the people of the neighbourhood meet daily and also where libations of water are offered to ancestors) ya»h ³çþ (shaking of shoulders ~ a shrug indicating arrogance) yàyam ³çç³çcç (employment on another person’s business instead of one’s own ~ indulgence in other's work) yàzún ³çç]pçávç (to adore ~ worship) yéríhò ³çôçÆjnçí (a crowd of people)



yèrún ³çí©vç (to make nest ~ to sort or arrange the warp for the loom) yíhàtû çÆ³çnçlçò (exercise of might, power or authority) yîrûvåni nàv ³ççÇjòJç@v³çd vççJç (condition of being in a drifting boat ~ distraught) yódvay ³ççôoJç³ç (if ~ provided that) yój ³ççôpç (rude ~ one who conducts himself unmannerly)

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z (]pç)

zakh ]pçKç (loss ~ harm) zalgúr ]pçuçiçáj (bicycle) zäli panjrû ]pçç@u³çd Hçbpçjò (a window shutter having net type ornamental work) zang ]pçbiç (an omen ~ a sign of good or bad luck) zänpú» ]pççBHçáì (beast ~ animal) zàph ]pççHçÀ (weakness ~ debility ~ swoon) zarû zarû ]pçjò ]pçjò (distress on seeing someone in grief or in a bad position)



zàyún ]pçç³çávç (property inherited by birth) zíkh zíkh çÆ]pçKç çÆ]pçKç (slackness in doing anything ~ doing anything by small bits) zíph çÆ]pçHçÀ (wink ~ momentary sleep) zîrak çÆ]pçjkçÀ (intelligent ~ clever ~ generally used for one who pretends to be that) zírakî çÆ]pçjkçÀçÇ (cleverness) zôhàkh ]pJçnçKç (lanky ~ very long and thin) zôl ]pJçuç (wink ~ a short sleep ~ brief drowsiness)



zól ]pççôuç (foundation trench of a house) zòlànû ]pççíuççvçò (a fetter ~ shackle) zóng ]pççôbiç (fire ~ flame) zôngû ]pJçbiçò (very lean in body ~ a mere skeleton) zôngûryòmút ]pJçbiçòjd³ççícçálç (wasted away ~ thin ~ languid) zôpû ]pJçHçò (weak ~ who does not react or fight back) zôsû ]pJçmçò (acute cough) zôtû ]pJçlçò (weak ~ who does not react or fight back) Kashmir News Network http://iKashmir.net/mkraina/index.html


zúbdû ]pçáyçoò (rude ~ hard tempered) zúlàl ]pçáuççuç (clear and sweet water) zúríyàth ]pçáçÆj³ççLç (progeny ~ the offspring ~ the whole world) zûrkí ]pçájçÆkçÀ (hint or sign designed to remind a person of some former wrong, enough to rouse his anger ~ ill-natured hints ~ provoking remarks) zúval màl ]pçáJçuç cççuç (most beautiful woman)



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A Dictionary of Peculiar and Uncommon Kashmiri

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Edition 2 ~ June 2005 ~ More than 1100 words

=============================================== Compiled by M.K.Raina

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Documents

Works/24.pdfIn 2003, I started collecting more peculiar words and phrases to augment the work already done. I came across hundreds of words which we seldom use, or which look strange