Working with Tribal Communities What Do I Need to Know?

Presented By:John Brooding, DCSS Statewide TrainingAaron Powers, El Dorado County LCSA

Stacey Bixby, DCSS Policy Unit

 

Workshop Overview

■Introduction■Definitions■Historical and Cultural Impacts■Tribal Community Protocol■Department of Child Support Services

(DCSS) Policy■Tribal Liaisons Roles and Responsibilities

Introduction

■Workshop Purpose■DCSS Respects Sovereignty

✷ 108 Tribes in California✷ 15 Tribal service providers ✷ 21 Tribal courts✷ Approximately 67 Tribes operate

casinos

Definitions

■Indian■Indian Country■Reservation■Tribe■Trust Land■Sovereignty■Trust Responsibility

Historical and Cultural Impacts

■Native American Tribes – Sovereign Nations

■Tribal Relations✷ European and Tribal Relations✷ United States and Tribal Relations

■Tribal Cultures Stereotypes and Misconceptions

Historical and Cultural Impacts

■ Four Major Eras of Federal Policy Used to Describe U.S./Tribal Relations 1. Colonial America 2. Removal/Reservation 3. Assimilation/Termination 4. Self Determination

Historical and Cultural Impacts

1. Colonial America■ European Countries Vying for

Economic Control■ Native American Populations■ Disease■ European Negotiations■ Treaties Bring Peace and

Compromise

Historical and Cultural Impacts

■Events in the California Region✷ Spanish Missions ✷ Mexican Rancho System✷ Catholic Missionaries in Southern

California ✷ Conversion to Catholicism

Historical and Cultural Impacts

2. Removal/Reservation■ Judge Marshall and the Cherokee Case

Laws■ Cherokee Nation v. Georgia■ Worcester v. Georgia■ Voluntary Removal of Native People ■ Trail of Tears

Historical and Cultural Impacts

■Events in the California Region✷ California controlled by Mexican

Government✷ California Territory becomes a state✷ Desperation and hostility ✷ Treaties not upheld✷ Federal Appropriations

Historical and Cultural Impacts

3. Assimilation/Termination ■Citizenship and Land Claims■The General Allotment Act of 1887 ■Compulsory Schooling for Native

Children■Howard-Wheeler Act of 1934■Federal Indian Policy

Historical and Cultural Impacts

■ Events in the California Region✷ Sherman Outing Program Students ✷ Conversion efforts ✷ 36 tribes in California voted to

terminate✷ California native population nearly

doubles after WWII✷ BIA Relocation program

Historical and Cultural Impacts

4. Self Determination ■ Indian Civil Rights Act ■ Indian Financing Act of 1974 ■ Indian Self-Determination and

Education Assistance Act of 1975 ■ Indian Child Welfare Act 1978■ Indian Gaming Regulatory Act of 1988■ President Clinton’s Executive Orders

Historical and Cultural Impacts

■Events in the California Region✷ Casinos and economic development ✷ Tribal Temporary Assistance for

Needy Families (TANF) programs✷ Cultural and historical preservation

efforts✷ Museums and Heritage centers✷ Powwows and community events

Historical and Cultural Impacts

Culture■Historical Trauma■Distrust and Apprehension ■Reconstruction■Retaining Tribal Identities■Shaping their Own Culture

Tribal Community Protocol

■Tribal Values Emphasize Family/Clan/Group/Tribe

■Cornerstones that Encourage Trust ✷ Demonstrate respect and seek

advice✷ Publically acknowledge Tribal

participation✷ Know your local Tribe✷ Follow through on commitments

DCSS Policy■Tribal Governments Establish their Own

Laws■Income Withholding Orders (IWO),

National Medical Support Notices (NMSN), and Service of Process

■Cooperative Agreements Between Local Child Support Agencies (LCSAs) and Local Tribal Council

■DCSS Encourages LCSAs to Establish Communication

DCSS Policy

■Enforcing Existing Tribal Court Orders■Paternity Establishment■LCSA Tribal Court Appearance

Tribal Liaisons Roles and Responsibilities

■Promoting Relationship with Tribal Government

■Subject Matter Expert – Point of Contact

■Tribal Education and Outreach

Works Cited■ Adams, David Wallace. “Education for Extinction”, University of Kansas Press: 1995.■ Canby, William C, Jr. “ American Indian Law in a Nutshell”, West Group, St. Paul MN:

1998.■ CSSIN Letter 10-06■ Hobbs, Frank and Nicole Stoops. “Demographic Trends in the 20th Century

Census” ■ 2000 Special Reports. “US Census Bureau”, November, 2002. Retrieved from

www.census.gov/prod/2002pubs/censr-4.pdf■ Johnston-Dodds, Kimberley. “Early California Laws and Policies Related to California

Indians.” California Research Bureau, California State Library: September, 2002.■ Lidot, Paul and Karen Kolb-Williamson, “Tribal Star Program” 2005■ OCSE, Admin. for Children and Families, “Tribal and State Jurisdiction to Establish

and Enforce Child Support”. Dec 2005■ Pevar, Stephen L. “The Rights of Indians and Tribes”, Southern Illinois Press: 2002.■ Prucha, Francis Paul. “American Indian Treaties”, University of California Press:

1997.■ Rawls, James, J. “Indians of California”, University of Oklahoma Press: 1986.

References