Working Robots

8/13/2019 Working Robots

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Dr. Lenin Lara Olivo 4

Working Robots

1. Complete the text with words from the box.

compressed dangerous different electric

mechanical mobile remote repeated specific

Robots are machines that are guided by (1) mechanical and electronic means. They

carry out functions that may be (2) __________, heavy-duty, unhealthy, or ones that are

(3) __________, many times. Robots run on (4) __________ motors, (5) __________

air, sensors and computer systems. Some are fixed, and others are (6) __________.

Some robots are operated by (7) __________ control, as in undersea or space

exploration. Other robots are set up to do their tasks by a “teach-and repeat” method.

For instance, an operator teaches a robot a (8) __________ job by moving the robot’s

arm through the (9) __________ positions. The positioning data is recorded and stored

in the robot’s computer memory.




2. Reading

Television satellites are all in orbit about 22, 200 miles (35,700 km) above the Earth and

travel at approximately 7000 mph (11,000 kph). At this speed and altitude, the satellite

revolves around the planet once every 24 hours, the same period of times it takes the

Earth to make one full rotation. In other words, the satellite appears to be permanently

at the same location. You therefore only need to direct your dish at the satellite once,

and then it picks up the signal without further adjustment. Satellites transmit signals in

the frequency ranges of 10.7 – 12.75 GHz (in Europe). The feed horn (or LBN, low

noise block) on the satellite dish on your roof converts this high-frequency signal into a

lower signal in the range of 950 – 2150 MHz.




3. . Communications

1.1 What do you know about communications satellites? Do this quiz with your partner.

All the numbers are approximate.

1. How high are communications satellites above the earth?

a) 15,000 km b) 25,000 km c) 35,000 km d) 45,000 km

2. How fast do these satellites travel around the earth?

a) 7000 km/h b) 11, 000 km/h c) 15, 000 km/h d) 21, 000 km/h

3) What frequency are signals from a communications satellite to your satellite dish?

a) 12 GHz b) 1 GHz c) 500,000 MHz d) 5000 MHz

4. What frequency are the signals from your satellite dish to your TV?

a) 150 MHz b) 1500 MHz c)15,000 MHz d) 150,000 MHz




4. Read the instructions and label the diagram with the words in the box.

computer dish DTV card feed horn satellite

TV TV station

How to receive satellite digital video broadcasts

Equipment needed

1. You will need a computer with a DTV (digital

TV) card.

2.

This is connected by cable to a satellite dish,which should be between 60 cm and 1.8 m in

diameter.

3. The dish must have a feed horn, this converts

high-frequency signals to low-frequency ones.

How it works

4. There is a communications satellite in orbit

high above the earth. TV programmes are

transmitted from TV stations up to the satellite,

which then sends the signals down to earth.

These signals have a high frequency of several

GHz.

5. Your dish receives the high-frequency signals

and reflects them to the feed horn, which then

converts the signal into a lower frequency.6. The feed horn is connected via a cable to the

DTV card, which processes the signal. It

extracts the video and audio, and plays them via

the PC monitor and speakers.




5. Describe the setup and explain to the class how it works.




5. Write the headings above the six texts about working robots.

a) Painting b) Handling c) Welding1

d) Palletising

2

e) Finishing f) Cutting

1) joining two pieces of metal together.

2) placing heavy things on a large

wooden frame for storage.

1________________

Car assembly plants have used robots

for many years as this process produces

dangerous fumes and bright lights. Robot

arms have to carry a weld gun that can

weigh over 100 kg

2________________

This was an early application of robots,

as the process produces harmful,

flammable fumes as the paintevaporates. The robots have quite thin

arms as they don’t have to carry much

weight.

3________________

Robots are a good choice as the process

can involve dangerous technologies. The

robot holds either the part or the cuttingtool.

4________________

With a six-axis robot, you can finish parts

in all kinds of materials. The robot holds

either the part or the tool. You can also

use a multipurpose tool at the end of therobot arm.

5________________

Robots have the power and speed for

this kind of job. They can move car parts,

eggs, chocolates, bottles of drinks, and

loads up to 120 kg. They can perform at

rates of 150 picks per minute.

6________________

As an example, a robot picks up bags of

cement and places them on a pallet. It

counts the bags and knows where the

next one must be placed. And knows

where the next one must be placed.

Simpler four-or five-axis robots can beused, e.g. for palletising foods or building

materials.




6. Working Robots examples

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Working Robots