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WORKING-CLASS VS.
MIDDLE-CLASS
Presented by Shelma GuanOct,22nd,2002
Different attitudes: how to use their homes for entertaining friends: Middle class: home is a comfortable and congenial
place,invite friends to a meal,have parties,etc .
Working class: a clear distinction between home and
outside,only for family relatives entertaining.
The two classes differ in:Component of peopleEconomic conditionsLiving style Leisure activities
Component of people: Middle class:business and professional
people,bureaucrats, and skilled workers
(e.g. doctors,engineers,supervisors,etc) Working class:people who work for
wages,usu. at manual labor
(e.g. truck drivers,dustmen,etc)
Members in the family:Middle class: Jobs are a single-person enterprise.
Wife spends all of her time at home.
sometimes employ a work force to cover the chores
Working class: husband and wife both have jobs in order to meet the financial need.
the wife do all
the housework
Economic conditionsMiddle class: Higher occupations
leads to higher income. Jobs stemmed from
business partnerships,or financial security came from trusts ---- steadier income
Bigger,better furnished and more delicately decorated house of their own
Working class: Jobs with lower income Threat of losing their
jobs----unsteady income Smaller and simply
furnished rented house or flat
Living styleMiddle class: In need to have
social contact within or outside the class
Emphasizing friendship and partnership
Enjoying life
Working class: In no need to much
social intercourse
Emphasizing family happy gathering and union
Eking out their livelihood
Leisure activities(after 1850):Middle class: Not only respectable but
also productive Outside home: rambling(mainly in parks);
hiking;going to seaside;going to pubs; playing golf , cricket, rugby, tennis, and football
At home: holding parties;friends
gathering
Working class: Comparatively limited Outside home: going to local
pubs;gambling;sports(e.g. watching football match, jogging)
At home: watching TV; relaxing;
shielding from outsiders; having joy with family members
The development of leisure in Britain after 1850[1]:The promoter: the middle classReasons: responses to its fears of
political instability in the form of Chartism and labor unrest and appalling problems of public health.
The development of leisure in Britain after 1850[2]:the outcomes The born of new athleticism Establishment of town parks Exploitation of seaside resorts re-establishing through leisure a moral and
codified framework which would stabilize and transform society.
purchasing of grounds and buildings for leisure activities,and establishing various sports clubs
The appear of ordered football match, constructions of football grounds and stadiums
The situations in china[1]:class structureNo clear distinction between
middle and working classesThe majority are the proletariatsPeople identified by
profession,community and sex
The situations in china[2]:how to use the home for entertaining Traditional ways:
family gathering,festival celebrating
(e.g. the family reunion during the Spring Festival),wedding ceremony,etc.
Modern ways:
mainly for family members entertaining e.g.watching TV,or VCD
The situations in china[3]:how to use the home for entertainingProfessional men: regard home as a private place for
relaxing and refreshing after workCommon people: a place for watching TV , playing
with children,occasionally inviting friends to have a tea and chat
The situation in China[4]:how to use the home for entertaining Men: less staying at home but going out for social
gathering for business or personal purposes (e.g. restaurants,bars,saunas, etc) home is a place for sleeping at night and
reading newspaper Women: most of the time staying at home dealing the
chores and taking care of the children, watching TV
The situations in china[5]:the reasons Higher living standard Have better choices instead of home (e.g. going to restaurants to share meals with
family relatives and friends) More forms of entertainment are
available,esp. the diverse electrical household appliances:TV set,VCD set and personal computer
People’s awareness of privacy at home The stereotype sexual roles in the family
Conclusion[1]:in Britaindifferent kinds of jobs require
different kinds leisure activitieseconomic limitationdifferent social values shapes
people’s behavior
Conclusion[2]:the commonplaces between the UK and ChinaEconomic growth in the whole
societyThe individual economic factorsSelf identification and Self-
justificationDevelopment of leisure activitiesPerfection of facilities
References:Contemporary British Cultur
e and Societywww.Sunderland .ac.ukwww.Muohio.edu www.bbc.co.uk
Thanks for your
attention !!