Workbook - Acids

8/9/2019 Workbook - Acids

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Acids, Bases and Salts Unit Plan

Period/Topic Worksheets Quiz

1. Properties of Acids, Bases & Salts WS 1

2. Arrhenius, Bronsted Acids, a and Stren!th. WS 2 1

". Arrhenius, Bronsted Bases, # and Stren!th WS "

$. Acid & Base %eactions. Aphiprotic. Acid 'hart. WS $ 2

(. )e*elin! effect, Anh+drides and %elationships. WS (

. -+drol+sis of Salts. Quiz. WS "

. Acid, Base & Salt %eactions. -+drol+sis. WS

. 0aadas ndicator )a#. -+drol+sis. WS $

3. onization of Water, 4-56 & 47-86, p- scale. WS 3

19. p- 'alculations for Weak Acids. WS 19 (

11. a fro p- for Weak Acids. WS 11

12. ndicators )a#.

1". #s fro as for Weak Bases. WS 12

1$. p- for Weak Bases p- 4-56 47-86 %elationships. WS 1"

1(. Aphiprotic ons8 as and #s. WS 1$

1. Titration )a#. Priar+ Standards. Acids :idter Practice Test

1. Titration )a#

1. Buffers & ndicators WS 1(

13. Titration 'ur*es. WS 1 3/19

29. %e*ie; < 1 We# Site %e*ie; Practice Test 1

21. %e*ie; < 2 Practice Test 2

22. Test


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Worksheet # 1 Properties of Acids and Bases

1. Add 1 drop of each solution to 1 drop of the acid8#ase indicator in a spot plate. %ecord the colour

in the data ta#le #elo;. =escri#e each solution as an acid or #ase in the space pro*ided. Write the

acid colour and #ase colour in the ta#le #elo;.

Indicator Phenolphthalein )itus Brooth+olBlue Acid/Base

Solution

-'l

>a7-

?ine!ar

Aonia@>-"

)eon uice

Se*en8up

Bakin! Soda

@>a-'7"

Indicator Acid Colour Base Colour

Phenolphthalein

)itus

Brooth+ol Blue

Wash and dry your spot plate before going on to step !

2. Wear safety gogglesfor this eCperient. Pour approCiatel+ (9 ) of 1 : -'l into a fleaker.

Add one le*el spoonful of 'a and co*er ;ith a plastic funnel. After 1 inute and not #efore li!htthe top of the funnel usin! a atch. Write the eDuation for the reaction #elo;.

Wash and dry your fleaker before going on to step "!

". Taste a leon and descri#e the taste in one ;ord$. Taste soe #akin! soda and descri#e the taste in one ;ord.

. Test t;o drops of -'l for conducti*it+ in a spot plate. %esultE

Write an eDuation that accounts for the conducti*it+ of -'l.


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. Test t;o drops of >a7- for conducti*it+ in a spot plate. %esultE

Write an eDuation that accounts for the conducti*it+ of >a7- @dissociation.

Clean, dry and put aay the spot plate

. )ist fi*e properties of acids that are in +our teCt#ook.

3. )ist fi*e properties of #ases that are in +our teCt#ook.

19. :ake soe notes on the coercial acidsE -'l and -2S7$ .

$Cl

$S%&

11. :ake soe notes on the coercial #ase >a7-.

12. =escri#e the difference #et;een a concentrated and dilute acid @hintE concentration refers to the

olarit+. =escri#e their relati*e conducti*ities.

1". =escri#e the difference #et;een a stron! and ;eak acid. Fse t;o eCaples and ;rite eDuations to

support +our ans;er. =escri#e their relati*e conducti*ities.

1$. =escri#e a situation ;here a stron! acid ;ould ha*e the sae conducti*it+ as a ;eak acid @hintE

think a#out concentration.


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Worksheet # Con'ugate Acid(Base Pairs

'oplete each acid reaction. )a#el each reactant and product as an acid or #ase. The first on is done for

+ou.

1. -'> 5 -27 -"75 5 '>8

Acid Base Acid Base

2. -"'7 5 -27

". -"P7$ 5 -27

$. -G 5 -27

(. -2'7" 5 -27

. >-$5 5 -27

. '-"'77- 5 -27

. -'l 5 -27

3. ->7" 5 -27

Write the eDuili#riu eCpression @a for the first se*en a#o*e reactions. The first one is done for +ou.

19. a H 4-"75 64'>86 1$. a H

4-'>6

11. a H 1(. a H

12. a H 1. a H

1". a H


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1. Which acids are stron!I

1. What does the ter stron! acid eanI

13. Wh+ is it ipossi#le to ;rite an eDuili#riu eCpression for a stron! acidI

29. Which acids are ;eakI

2". What does the ter ;eak acid eanI

2$. JCplain the difference #et;een a stron! and ;eak acid in ters of electrical conducti*it+.

Acid 'onKu!ate Base Base 'onKu!ate Acid

1$. ->72 1(. -'778

1. -S7"8 1. 7"

8

1. -272 13. >-"29. -S8 21. '-"'77

8

22. -27 2". -27

=efineE

22. Bronsted acid8

2". Bronsted #ase8

2$. Arrhenius acid8

2(. Arrhenius #ase8

2. )ist the siC stron! acids.

2. %ank the acids in order of decreasin! stren!th. -'l -2S -"P7$ -2'7" -G -S7$

2. What ;ould +ou rather drink *ine!ar or h+drochloric acidI JCplain.

)aking a Uni*ersal Indicator +ab Acti*ity

:iC the follo;in! indicators in a (9 ) #eaker. Stir ;ith an e+edropper.

a-ada.s Uni*ersal Indicator

( drops th+ol #lue


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drops eth+l oran!e

( drops phenolphthalein19 drops #rooth+ol #lue

29 drops of ;ater

Part 1!n a spot plate add t;o drops of each #uffer solution to a cell. Add one drop of 0aadas indicator

to each. %ecord each colour on another la# sheet #+ colourin! the cell the sae colour. :ake sure +ou are

accurate #ecause +ou ;ill use this inforation for future la#s and proKects.

p- H 1 p- H " p- H ( p- H p- H 3 p- H11 p- H 1"

L8888888888 Acid Stren!th ncreases 888888 >eutral 8888Base Stren!th ncreases 8888888M


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Part ! Test a drop of -'l, '-"'77-, >a7-, >-", >a-'7", -2'7"and >a'l solution for conducti*it+.

Test ;ith +our Fni*ersal ndicator. %ecord the p- of each. Test ;ith +our Fni*ersal ndicator. JCplain+our results ;ith ;hat +ou kno; a#out acids and #ases. 'lassif+ each as a stron! or ;eak acid or #ase or

neutral, acidic, or #asic salt. Write an eDuation for each to sho; ho; the+ ionize in ;ater usin! the

Bronsted @'heistr+ 12 definition of an acid.

Wash and dr+ +our che plateWash and return +our e+edropper.Wash and return +our #eaker.

Wash +our hands.

/esults

'opound 'onducti*it+ p- 'lassification

-'l

'-"'77-

>a7-

>-"

>a-'7"

-2'7"

>a'l


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Worksheet # " Con'ugate Acid(Base Pairs

'oplete each reaction. )a#el each reactant and product as an acid or #ase.

1! $C0 $% $"% C0(

Acid Base Acid Base

2. -'l 5 -27

". -G 5 -27

$. G8 5 -27

(. -S7$8

5 -27

@acid

. >-$5 5 -27

. -P7$28 5 -27

@#ase

Acid 'onKu!ate Base Base 'onKu!ate Acid

. -'7"8 C%"

( 3. '-"'778 C$"C%%$

19. -P7$28 11. 7"

8

12. -27 1". >-28

1$. -S8 1(. '2-(S7"8

1. 'ircle the stron! #ases.

Ge@7-" >a7- 's7- 7-

Nn@7-2 Sr@7-2 Ba@7-2 'a@7-21. %ank the follo;in! acids fro stron!est to ;eakest.

-2S '-"'77- -2P7$8 - -'l -G

1. %ank the follo;in! #ases fro the stron!est to ;eakest.

-27 G8 >-" S7"

28 -S7"8 >a7-


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13. i Write the reaction of -"B7";ith ;ater @reo*e one -5onl+ #ecause it is a ;eak acid.

ii Write the aeCpression for the a#o*e.

iii What is the ionization constant for the acid @use +our ta#le. aH

29. )ist siC stron! acids.

21. )ist siC stron! #ases.

22. )ist siC ;eak acids in order of decreasin! stren!th @use +our acid/#ase ta#le.

2". )ist siC ;eak #ases in order of decreasin! stren!th @use +our acid/#ase ta#le.

Worksheet # & Using Acid Strength 2ables

Acid8#ase reactions can #e considered to #e a copetition for protons. A stron!er acid cancause a ;eaker acid to act like a #ase. )a#el the acids and #ases. 'oplete the reaction. State if

the reactants or products are fa*oured.

1. -S7$8 5 -P7$

28

2. -'> 5 -27

". -'7"8 5 -2S

$. -P7$28 5 >-$

5

(. >-" 5 -27

. -2P7$18 5 >-"


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. -'7"8 5 -G

. 'oplete each eDuation and indicate if reactants or products are fa*oured. )a#el each acid or#ase.

-S7$8 5 -'7"

8

-2P7$8 5 -'9"

8

-S9"

8 5 -P7$28

>-" 5 -'27$

8

3. JCplain ;h+ -G@aD is a #etter conductor than -'>@aD.

19. Which is a stron!er acid in ;ater, -'l or -I JCplainO

11. State the iportant ion produced #+ an acid and a #ase.

12. Which is the stron!er #aseI Which produces the least 7-8I G8 or '7"82

1". =efine a Bronsted/)o;r+ acid and #ase.

1$. =efine an Arrhenius acid and #ase.

1(. 'oplete each reaction and ;rite the eDuili#riu eCpression.

-G 5 -27 aH

G85 -27 #H

1. -2S7$5 >a7-

1. =efine conKu!ate pairs.


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1. i*e conKu!ate acids forE -S8, >-", -P7$82, 7-8, -27, >-", '7"

82

13. i*e conKu!ate #ases forE >-$

5, -G, -2P7$8, -"7

5, 7-8, -'7"8, -27

Worksheet # 3 Acid and Basic Anhydrides

1. What is the stron!est acid that can eCist in ;aterI Write an eDuation to sho; ho; a stron!er acid

;ould #e reduced in stren!th #+ the le*elin! effect of ;ater.

2. What is the stron!est #ase that can eCist in ;aterI Write an eDuation to sho; ho; a stron!er #ase

;ould #e reduced in stren!th #+ the le*elin! effect of ;ater.

". )ist three stron! acids and three stron! #ases.

$. %ank the acids in decreasin! stren!thE

-'l7$ ais *er+ lar!e -'l7" aH1.2C1982

-'l72 aH.9C198( -'l7 aH$.$C19

8

(. Gor an oC+ acid ;hat is the relationship #et;een the nu#er of 7s andacid stren!thI @'opare -2S9$ and -2S9"

. Which acid is stron!erI -9"or -72

. Which produces ore -"95I -2'7" or -S9$

8

. Which produces ore 7-8I G8 or -'9"8

3. Which conducts #etter >-"or >a7- @#oth .1:I Wh+I

19. Which conducts #etter -G or -'> @#oth .1:I Wh+I

11. 'opare and contrast a stron! and ;eak acid in ters of de!ree of ionization, size of ka,conducti*it+, and concentration of -5.

'lassif+ each forula as an acid anh+dride, #asic anh+dride, stron! acid, ;eak acid, stron!, or ;eak #ase.

Gor each forula ;rite an eDuation to sho; ho; it reacts ;ith ;ater. Gor anh+drides ;rite t;o eDuations.

Gorula 'lassification %eaction

12. >a27


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1". 'a7

1$. S7"

1(. '72

1. S72

1. -'l

1. >-"

13. >a7-29. -G

21. -"P7$

Worksheet # 4 $ydrolysis of Salts and /eactions of Acids and Bases

=escri#e each as an acid, #ase, neutral salt, acidic salt, or #asic salt. Gor each salt ;rite a parent acid8#ase

foration eDuation, dissociation eDuation, and h+drol+sis eDuation @onl+ for acidic and #asic salts. Gor

acids and #ases ;rite an eDuation to sho; ho; each reacts ;ith ;ater.

1. >-"

2. 'l

". ->7"


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$. >a-'7"

(. %#7-

. Al'l"

. -2'27$

. >a'-(7

3. 'o@>7""

19. >a2'7"


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Worksheet # 5 $ydrolysis of Salts and /eactions of Acids and Bases

=escri#e each as an acid, #ase, neutral salt, acidic salt, or #asic salt. Gor each salt ;rite a dissociation

eDuation and h+drol+sis eDuation @onl+ for acidic and #asic salts. Gor acids and #ases ;rite an eDuation to

sho; ho; each reacts ;ith ;ater.

1. >-"

2. >a'l

". -'l

$. >a'>

(. >a7-

. Ge'l"

. -G

. )i-'7"

3. Ge@>7""


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19. :!'7"

11. -2S

12. -G

1". 'a2

1$. :!@7-2

1(. Ba@7-2

1. =escri#e ;h+ Tus @'a'7" neutralizes stoach acid.

1. =escri#e ;h+ :!@7-2is used in :ilk of :a!nesia as an antacid instead of >a7-.

Worksheet # 6 a-ada.s Indicator Acti*ity

Acid, Base and Salt +ab

Purpose7

1 To use 0aadas ndicator to deterine the p- of *arious acids, #ases and salts.2 To classif+ copounds as stron! acids, ;eak acids, stron! #ases, ;eak #ases, neutral salts, acid

anh+drides, and #asic anh+drides.

" To ;rite reactions for each copound to sho; ho; each ionizes, h+drol+zes or reacts ;ith ;ater.


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Procedure7

1 To a cell in a spot plate add one drop of solution or a *er+ tin+ aount of solid. Write the forula

of the copound in the data ta#le.2 Add t;o drops of 0aadas ndicator. %ecord the p- of the copound.

" 'lassif+ the copound as a stron! acid, ;eak acid, stron! #ase, ;eak #ase, neutral salt, acid

anh+dride, or #asic anh+dride. Fse the forula of the copound as ;ell as the p-.$ Write an eDuation to sho; the reaction of anh+drides ;ith ;ater, the h+drol+sis of salts, or the

ionization of acids or #ases.

8ata

1. Gorula of copound

p-'lassification

%eaction or reactions


p-'lassification


". Gorula of copound

p-'lassification


$. Gorula of copound

p-

'lassification


(. Gorula of copound

p-

'lassification


. Gorula of copound


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p-

'lassification


. Gorula of copoundp-'lassification


. Gorula of copound

p-

'lassification



p-

'lassification



p-'lassification


11. Gorula of copoundp-

'lassification



p-'lassification



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1". Gorula of copound

p-'lassification


1$. Gorula of copoundp-

'lassification


1(. Gorula of copoundp-

'lassification



p-

'lassification



p-

'lassification


Worksheet # 9 p$ and p%$ Calculations'oplete the chartE

4-56 47-86 p- p7- Acid/#ase/neutral

1. .99 C 198" :

2. .( C 1982 :

". .""

$. $.99

(. >eutral @2 si!


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fi!s

. 19.

. 2.(("

. (.9 C 19819 :

3. $. C 19819 :

19. 'alculate the 4-56, 47-86, p- and p7- for a 9.29 : Ba@7-2solution.

11. 'alculate the 4-56, 47-86, p- and p7- for a 9.9"9 : -'l solution.

12. 'alculate the 4-56, 47-86, p- and p7- for a 9.29 : >a7- solution.

1". "99.9 ) of 9.29 : -'l is added to (99.9 ) of ;ater, calculate the p- of the

solution.

1$. 299.9 ) of 9.929 : -'l is diluted to a final *olue of (99.9 ) ;ith ;ater, calculate

the p-.

1(. 1(9.9 ) of 9.$9 : Ba@7-2is placed in a (99.9 ) *oluetric flask and filled to the

ark ;ith ;ater, calculate the p- of the solution.

1. 2(9.9 ) of 9.29: Sr@7-2is diluted #+ addin! "(9.9 ) of ;ater, calculate the p- of

the solution.


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1. 'alculate the p- of a 9.$9 solution of Ba@7-2 ;hen 2(.9 ) is added to 2(.9 ) of

;ater.

Worksheet # 1: p$ Calculations for Weak Acids

1. 'alculate the 4-56, 47-86, p-, and p7- for 9.29 : -'>.

4-56 H 47-86 H p- H p7- H

2. 'alculate the 4-56, 47-86, p-, and p7- for 2.29 : -G.

4-56 H 47-86 H p- H p7- H". 'alculate the 4-56, 47-86, p-, and p7- for 9.9( : '-"'77-.

4-56 H 47-86 H p- H p7- H

$. 'alculate the 4-56, 47-86, p-, and p7- for 1.( : -"B7".


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4-56 H 47-86 H p- H p7- H

3! 'alculate the p- of a saturated solution of :!@7-2.

. 'alculate the p- of a 9.299 : ;eak diprotic acid ;ith a a H 1. C 198.

. "(9.9 ) of 9.29: Sr@7-2is diluted #+ addin! $(9.9 ) of ;ater, calculate the p- ofthe solution.

Worksheet # 11 p$ Calculations for Weak Acids

1. The p- of 9.29 : -'> is (.99. 'alculate the a for -'>. 'opare +our calculated *alue ;iththat in the ta#le.

2. The p- of 2.29 : -G is 1.(. 'alculate the a for -G. 'opare +our calculated *alue ;ith that

in the ta#le.


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". The p- of 9.9( : '-"'77- is 2.$2. 'alculate the a for '-"'77-. 'opare +our

calculated *alue ;ith that in the ta#le.

$. The p- of 1.( : -"B7"is $.$. 'alculate the a for -"B7". 'opare +our calculated *alue;ith that in the ta#le.

(. The p- of a 9.19 : diprotic acid is ".", calculate the a and identif+ the acid.

. The p- of 9.29 : >-"is 11.22R calculate the # of the Base.

. The p- of 9.$9 : >a'> is 11.$(R calculate the # for the #asic salt. Start #+ ;ritin! aneDuation and an 'J chart.


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. The p- of a 9.19 : triprotic acid is (.9, calculate the a and identif+ the acid.

3. -o; an+ !ras of '-"'77- are dissol*ed in 2.99 ) of a solution ;ith p- H 2.$(I

Fse Duestions 1 to $ fro last assi!nent to ark Duestions 1 to $.

Worksheet # 1 ; ba>72 @the #asic ion is >72

8

#@>728

H ; H 1.9 C 1981$

H 2.2 C 19811

a@->72 $. C 198$

2. '-"'77 @the #asic ion is '-"'778


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". >a-'7"

$. >-"

(. >a'>

. )i2-P7$

. -2P7$

. 2'7"

3. 'alculate the 4-56, 47-86, p-, and p7- for 9.29 : -2'7".

4-5

6 H 47-8

6 H p- H p7- H

19. The p- of 9.29 : -2'7"is ".(". 'alculate the a for -2'7". 'opare +our calculated *alue;ith that in the ta#le.


25/132

11. 'alculate the 4-56, 47-86, p-, and p7- for 9.19 : '-"'77-.

4-56 H 47-86 H p- H p7- H

12. The p- of 9.19 : '-"'77- is 2.. 'alculate the a for '-"'77-. 'opare +our calculated

*alue ;ith that in the ta#le.

1". 299.9 ) of 9.129 : -2S7$reacts ;ith $99.9 ) of 9.1$9 : >a7-. 'alculate the p- of theresultin! solution.

Worksheet # 1" Acid and Base p$ Calculations

Gor each ;eak #ases calculate the 47-8

6, 4-5

6, p7- and p-. %ee#er that +ou need to calculate #first.

1. 9.29 : '>8


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2. 9.919 : >a-S @the #asic ion is -S8

". 9.9 : '-"'77

$. 9.$9 : -'7"

(. 9.9 : >-"

. f the p- of a 9.19 : ;eak acid -2 is ".", calculate the a for the acid and identif+ the acidusin! +our acid chart.

. 'alculate the 4-56, 47-86, p-, and p7- for 9.9 : -"B7".


27/132

4-56 H 47-86 H p- H p7- H

. 'alculate the 4-56, 47-86, p-, and p7- for 9.2( : -2'7".

4-56 H 47-86 H p- H p7- H

3. The p- of 1.( : -"B7"is $.$. 'alculate the a for -"B7". 'opare +our calculated *alue

;ith that in the ta#le.

19. The p- of 9.( : >a is 12.$. 'alculate the # for >a.

11. 'onsider the follo;in! reactionE 2-'l 5 Ba@7-2 Ba'l2 5 2-27

When ".1! saples of Ba@7-2;ere titrated to the eDui*alence point ;ith an -'l solution, the

follo;in! data ;as recorded.

Trial ?olue of -'l added


28/132

12. 'alculate the *olue of 9.299: -2S7$reDuired to neutralize 2(.9 l of 9.199: >a7-.

1". 2(.9 ) of .299 : -'l is iCed ;ith (9.9 ) 9.199 : >a7-, calculate the p- of he resultin!

solution.

1$. 19.9 ) of 9.299 : -2S7$is iCed ;ith 2(.9 ) 9.299 : >a7-, calculate the p- of the

resultin! solution.

1(. 12(.9 ) of .299 : -'l is iCed ;ith "(9.9 ) 9.199 : >a7-, calculate the p- of the resultin!solution.

1. =efine standard solution and descri#e t;o ;a+s to standardize a solution.


29/132

1. What is the 4-"756 in a solution fored #+ addin! 9.9 ) of ;ater to $9.9 ) of 9.9$9 : 7-

solutionI

Worksheet # 1& A-phiprotic Ions and /e*ie

1. )ist the properties of acids/#ases.

2. =efine the follo;in!E

Arhenius stron! acid

Arhenius ;eak #ase

Bronsted stron! acid

Bronsted ;eak #ase

'onKu!ate pair

Aphiprotic

Standard solution.

". Sho; #+ calculation if the follo;in! aphiprotic ions are acids or #asesE

-'7"8

-2P7$8

-P7$28

$. What is the stron!est #ase in ;aterI What is the stron!est acid in ;aterI Write eDuations to

eCplain +our ans;er.

(. :atch each eDuationE

Acid/#ase coplete -'l 5 >a7- >a'l 5 -7-

Acid/#ase net ionic G85 -7- -G 5 7-8


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Solu#ilit+ product -55 7-8 -7-

-+drol+sis A!'l@s A!55 'l8

Acid/Base forula -29 -55 7-8

onization of ;ater -55 'l8 5 >a5 5 7-8 >a55 'l85 -27

. -'l and -G. =escri#e each acid asE

a stron! or ;eak# hi!h or lo; ionizationc lar!e or sall a

d !ood or poor conductor

e stron! or ;eak electrol+te

. 7ut of 9.2 : -'l and 1.9 : -G, ;hich is the ost concentratedI

Which is the stron!est acidI

. )a#el the scale as stron!/;eak acid and stron!/;eak #ase.

UVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVUVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVUVV

p- 9 1$

3. Which ions are aphiproticI

-P7$28 -'l G8 -S8 -2S -27

19. Write the net ionic eDuation #et;een an+ stron! acid and stron! #ase.

11. Write the ionization eDuation for ;ater.

12. Write the ; eCpression.

1". -2S7"5 -S8 -2S 5 -S7"

8

a Are the reactants or products fa*ouredI

# s the eD lar!e, sall or a#out 1I

8eter-ine the p$ Write e=uations for each first>

1$. .29: -'l p-HI

1(. 9.29: Ba@7-2 p-HI


31/132

1. 9.29: -2'7" p-HI

1. 9.$9: -'7" p-HI

1. The p- increases #+ 2 units. -o; does 4-56 chan!eI

13. The p- decreases #+ 1 unit. -o; does 4-56 chan!eI

29. a Gor distilled ;ater E p-H p7-H 4-56H 47-86H

# Gor 1: -'lE p-H p7-H 4-56H 47-86H

c Gor 1: >a7-E p-H p7-H 4-56H 47-86H

21. The p- of 9.29 : >a is 12.(9R calculate the #.

22. The p- of 9.2 : - is $.(R calculate the a.

2". 199.9 ) of 9.299 : >a7- is iCed ;ith 199.9 ) of 9.19 : -'l. 'alculate the p- of the

resultin! solution.


32/132

2$. -o; an+ !ras of >a-'7"are reDuired to ake 199.9 ) of 9.299: solutionI

2(. What *olue of 9.299 : >a7- is reDuired to neutralize 2(.9 ) of 9.1(9 : -2S7$I

2. n a titration 2(.9 ) of .299: -2S7$is reDuired to neutralize 19.9 ) >a7-. 'alculate the

concentration of the #ase.

2. 'alculate the concentration of a solution of >a'l ade #+ dissol*in! (9.9 ! in 2(9.9 ) of ;ater.

2. S7"@! 5 -27@! -2S7$@lJDuili#riu concentrations are found to #eE

4S7"6 H 9.$99 : 4 -276 H 9.$9 : 4-2S7$6 H 9.99 :'alculate the *alue of the eDuili#riu constant.

23. $.99 oles of S72and (.99 oles 72are placed in a 2.99 ) container at 299 ' and allo;ed to

reach eDuili#riu. f the eDuili#riu concentration of 72is

2.99 :, calculate the eD.

2S72@! 5 72@! 2S7"@!


33/132

Worksheet # 13 Buffers and indicators

Buffers

1. =efinition

2.

Acid Con'ugate Base Salt

-'>

-'7"

>-"

-G

>a'-"'77

-'27$8

". Write an eDuation for the first three #uffer s+stes a#o*e.

$. Which #uffer could ha*e a p- of $.9I Which #uffer could ha*e a p- of 19.9I

a -'l & >a'l # -G & >aG c >-" & >-$'l


34/132

(. Predict ho; the #uffer of p- H 3.99 ;ill chan!e. 0our possi#le ans;ers are 3.99, .3, 3.91, 2.99,

and 1".99Ginal p-

a 2 drops of 9.19 : -'l are added

# 1 drop of 9.19 : >a7- is added

c 19 ) of 9.19 : -'l are added

. Write an eDuation for the car#onic acid, sodiu h+dro!encar#onate #uffer s+ste. A fe; drops of

-'l are added. =escri#e the shift and each concentration chan!e.

JDuationE

Shift 4-56 H 4-2'7"6 H 4-'7"86 H

Indicators

1. =efinition

2. JDuili#riu eDuation

". 'olors for eth+l oran!e -nd nd8

$. 'opare the relati*e sizes of 4-nd6 and 4nd86 at the follo;in! p-s for eth+l oran!e.

'olor %elationship

p- H 2.9

p- H ".

p- H (.9

(. -'l is added to eth+l oran!e, descri#e if each increases or decreases.

4-56

4-nd6

4nd86

'olor 'han!e

. >a7- is added to eth+l oran!e, descri#e if each increases or decreases.

4-56


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4-nd6

4nd86

'olor 'han!e

. State t;o eDuations that are true at the transition point of an indicator.

. What indicator has a a H $ C 198

3. What is the a for eth+l oran!eI

19. A solution is pink in phenolphthalein and colorless in th+olphthalein. What is the p- of the

solutionI

11. A solution is #lue in #rooth+ol #lue, red in phenol red, and +ello; in th+ol #lue. What is thep- of the solutionI

Worksheet # 14 2itration Cur*es

'hoose an indicator and descri#e the approCiate p- of the eDui*alence point for each titration.'oplete each reaction.

p- ndicator

1. -'l 5 >a7-

2. -G 5 %#7-

". - 5Ba@7-2

$. -'> 5 7-

(. -'l7$ 5 >-"

. '-"'77- 5 )i7-

. 'alculate the a of #rooth+ol #lue.

. An indicator has a a H 1 C 19819, deterine the indicator.

3. 'alculate the a of eth+l oran!e.


36/132

19. An indicator has a a H ." C 1981", deterine the indicator.

11. JCplain the difference #et;een an eDui*alence point and a transition point.

=ra; a titration cur*e for each of the follo;in!.

12. Addin! 199 l 1.9 : >a7- to 1". Addin! 199 l 1.9 : >a7- to

(9 ) 1.9 : -'l (9 ) 1.9 : -'>

p-

?olue of #ase added ?olue of #ase added

1$. Addin! 199 l 9.19 : -'l 1(. Addin! 199 l .19 : -'l to

(9 ) 9.19: >-" to (9 ) 9.19 : >a7-

p- p-


37/132

?olue of -'l added ?olue of -'l added

Acids Unit )idter- Practice 2est

1. 'onsider the follo;in!E

-2'7" 5 G8 D -'7"

8 5 -G

-'7"8 5 -'27$

8 D -2'7" 5 '27$28

-'7"8 5 -2'-78 D -2'7" 5 -'-(728

The -'7"8is a #ase in

A. onl+

B. and onl+

'. and onl+

=. , , and

2. 'onsider the follo;in! eDuili#riu for an indicatorE

-nd 5 -27 D nd

8 5 -"75

When a fe; drops of indicator eth+l red are added to 1.9 : -'l, the colour of the resultin!solution is

A. red and the products are fa*oured

B. red and the reactants are fa*oured'. +ello; and the products are fa*oured

=. +ello; and the reactants are fa*oured

". The *olue of 9.299 : Sr@7-2needed to neutralize (9.9 ) of 9.299 : - is

A. 19.9 )

B. 2(.9 )'. (9.9 )

=. 199.9 )

$. The p7- of 9.9(9 : -'l is

A. 9.9(9

B. 1."9'. 12.9

=. 1".9


38/132

(. The *olue of 9.$(9 : -'l needed to neutralize $9.9 ) of 9.$(9 : Sr@7-2is

A. 1.9 )

B. 29.9 )'. $9.9 )

=. 9.9 )

. 'onsider the follo;in!

-"P7$ -2P7$8 -P7$

28 ? P7$"8

Which of the a#o*e solutions are aphiproticI

A. and onl+

B. and onl+'. , , and onl+

=. , , and ? onl+

. Which of the follo;in! solutions ;ill ha*e the lar!est 4-"756I

A. 1.9 : ->72B. 1.9 : -B7"'. 1.9 : -2'27$=. 1.9 : -'77-

. 'onsider the follo;in!E -27 5 ( k D -"7

5 5 7-8

When the teperature of the s+ste is increased, the eDuili#riu shifts

A. left and the ; increasesB. left and the ; decreases'. ri!ht and the ; increases

=. ri!ht and the ; decreases

3. >oral rain;ater has a p- of approCiatel+ as a result of dissol*ed

A. oC+!en

B. car#on dioCide

'. sulphur dioCide=. nitro!en dioCide

19. A 1.9 : solution of sodiu dih+dro!en phosphate is

A. acidic and the p- L .99

B. acidic and the p- M .99'. #asic and the p- L .99

=. #asic and the p- M .99

11. 'onsider the follo;in! eDuili#riu for an indicatorE

-nd 5 -27 D nd8 5 -"7

5


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When a fe; drops of indicator chlorophenol red are added to a colourless solution of p- $.9, theresultin! solution is

A. red as 4-nd6 L 4nd86B. red as 4-nd6 M 4nd86

'. +ello; as 4-nd6 L 4nd86

=. +ello; as 4-nd6 M 4nd8612. A Bronsted8)o;r+ #ase is defined as a cheical species that

A. accepts protonsB. neutralizes acids

'. donated electrons

=. produces h+droCides ions in solution

1". Which of the follo;in! solutions ;ill ha*e the !reatest electrical conducti*it+I

A. 1.9 : -'>B. 1.9 : -2S7$'. 1.9 : -"P7$=. 1.9 : '-"'77-

1$. 'onsider the follo;in! eDuili#riuE -'-(728 5 -7" D -2'-(78 5 7"8

The order of Bronsted8)o;r+ acids and #ases is

A. acid, #ase, acid, #ase

B. acid, #ase, #ase, acid'. #ase, acid, acid, #ase

=. #ase, acid, #ase acid

1(. 'onsider the follo;in!E -27@l D -

5 5 7-8

When a sall aount of 1.9 : 7- is added to the a#o*e s+ste, the eDuili#riu

A. shifts left and 4-56 decreases

B. shifts left and 4-56 increases

'. shifts ri!ht and 4-56 decreases=. shifts ri!ht and 4-56 increases

1. Which of the follo;in! has the hi!hest p-I


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A. 1.9 : >a7"B. 1.9 : >a2'7"'. 1.9 : >a"P7$=. 1.9 : >a2S7$

1. n a 199.9 ) saple of 9.999 : >a7- the 4-"7

56 is

A. 1.2( C 1981":B. 1.2( C 19812:'. .99 C 198":

=. .99 C 1982:


aoniu nitrate calciu nitrate iron nitrate

When dissol*ed in ;ater, ;hich of these salts ;ould for a neutral solutionI

A. onl+B. onl+

'. and onl+

=. , , and

13. 'onsider the follo;in!E S7$28 5 ->72 D -S7$

8 5 >728

JDuili#riu ;ould fa*our the

A. the products since -S7$8is a ;eaker acid than ->72B. the reactants since -S7$

8is a ;eaker acid than ->72'. the products since -S7$

8is a stron!er acid than ->72=. the reactants since -S7$

8is a stron!er acid than ->72

29. The net ionic eDuation for the h+drol+sis of >a2'7"is

A. -27 5 >a5 D >a7- 5 -5

B. -27 5 2>a5 D >a27 5 2-

5

'. -27 5 '7"28 D -2'7" 5 7

28

=. -27 5 '7"28 D -'7"

8 5 7-8

21. 'onsider the follo;in! eDuili#riuE 2-27@l D -"7

5 5 7-8

A fe; drops of 1.9 : -'l are added to the a#o*e s+ste. When eDuili#riu isre8esta#lished, the

A. 4-"756 has increased and the 47-86 has decreased

B. 4-"756 has increased and the 47-86 has increased

'. 4-"756 has decreased and the 47-86 has increased

=. 4-"756 has decreased and the 47-86 has decreased


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22. A #asic solution

A. tastes sour

B. feels slipper+'. does not conduct electricit+

=. reacts ;ith etals to release oC+!en !as

2". The #alanced forula eDuation for the neutralization of -2S7$#+ 7- is

A. -2S7$ 5 7- S7$ 5 -27

B. -2S7$ 5 7- 2S7$ 5 -27'. -2S7$ 5 27- 2S7$ 5 -27

=. -2S7$ 5 27- 2S7$ 5 2-27

2$. An Arrhenius #ase is defined as a su#stance ;hich

A. donates protons

B. donates electrons'. produces -5in solution

=. produces 7-8in solution

2(. 'onsider the follo;in! eDuili#riuE -S8 5 -"P7$ D -2S 5 -2P7$

8

The order of Bronsted8)o;r+ acids and #ases is

A. acid, #ase, acid, #ase.

B. acid, #ase, #ase, acid

'. #ase, acid, acid, #ase=. #ase, acid, #ase, acid

2. The eDuation representin! the reaction of ethanoic acid ;ith ;ater is

A. '-"'778 5 -27 D '-"'77- 5 7-

8

B. '-"'778 5 -27 D '-"'77

28 5 -"75

'. '-"'77- 5 -27 D '-"'778 5 -"7

5

=. '-"'77- 5 -27 D '-"'77-25 5 7-8

2. 'onsider the follo;in! eDuili#riuE 2-27 5 (k D -"75 5 7-8

When the teperature is decreased, the ;ater

A. sta+s neutral and the 4-"7

56 increases

B. sta+s neutral and the 4-"756 decreases

'. #ecoes #asic and 4-"756 decreases

=. #ecoes acidic and 4-"756 increases

2. The eDuation for the reaction of 'l27 ;ith ;ater is

A. 'l27 5 -27 D 2-'l7

B. 'l27 5 -27 D 2'l7 5 -2


42/132


43/132

"(. n a solution ;ith a p7- of $.22, the 47-86 is

A. 1. C 19819:

B. .9 C 198(:

'. ." C 1981:=. 1. C 19$:

". An aDueous solution of >-$'> is

A. #asic #ecause a L #

B. #asic #ecause a M #

'. acidic #ecause a L #=. acidic #ecause a M #

". The net ionic eDuation for the predoinant h+drol+sis reaction of -S7$is

A. -S7$

8 5 -27 D S7$28 5 -"7

5

B. -S7$8 5 -27 D -2S7$ 5 7-

8

'. -S7$ 5 -27 D 5 5 S7$

28 5 -"75

=. -S7$ 5 -27 D 5 5 -2S7$ 5 7-8

". The 47-86 in an aDueous solution al;a+s eDuals

A. ; C 4-"7

56

B. ; 8 4-"756

'. ;/4-"756

=. 4-"756/;

"3. The 4-"756 in a solution ;ith p7- of 9.2(" is

A. (.( C 1981(:B. 1.3 C 1981$:'. (.( C 1981:

=. (.3 C 1981:

$9. The eDuili#riu eCpression for the h+drol+sis reaction of 1.9 : 2-P7$is

A. 4-2P7$8647-86 B. 4-"P7$647-

86

4-P7$286 4-2P7$

86

'. 456 4-P7$86 =. 45 62 4-P7$

28 6

42-P7$6 42-P7$6

$1. The solution ;ith the hi!hest p- is

A. 1.9 : >a'lB. 1.9 : >a'>

'. 1.9 : >a7"=. 1.9 : >a2S7$

$2. The p- of 199.9 ) of 9.99(9 : >a7- is


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A. 2."9B. "."9

'. 19.9

=. 11.9

$". 'onsider the follo;in! eDuili#riu for an indicatorE -nd 5 -27 Dnd85 -"7

5

At the transition point,

A. 4-nd6 M 4nd86B. 4-nd6 H 4nd86

'. 4-nd6 L 4nd86

=. 4-nd6 H 4-"756

Acids Unit )idter- Practice 2est Sub'ecti*e

1. a Write the net ionic eDuation for the reaction #et;een >a-S7"and

>a-'27$.

# JCplain ;h+ the reactants are fa*oured in the a#o*e reaction.

2. What is the 4-"756 in a solution fored #+ addin! 9.9 ) of ;ater to $9.9 )

of 9.$99 : 7-I

". A solution of 9.199 : -7'> has a p- of 2.2$. 'alculate the a *alue for the acid.


45/132

$. 'alculate the p- in 199.9 ) 9.$99 : -"B7".

(. 'alculate the p- of the solution fored #+ iCin! 29.9 ) of 9.(99 : -'l ;ith "9.9 ) of

9."99 : >a7-.

. a Write the #alanced eDuation representin! the reaction of -G ;ith -27.

# dentif+ the Bronsted8)o;r+ #ases in the a#o*e eDuation.

. 'onsider the follo;in! dataE


46/132

Bar#ituric acid -'$-">27" a H 3. C 198(

Sodiu propanoate >a'"-(72 # H .( C 19819

Propanoic acid -'"-(72 a H I

Which is the stron!er acid, propanoic acid or #a#ituric acidI JCplain usin! calculations.

. A solution of 9.9199 : lactic acid, -'"-(7", has a p- of 2.3(. 'alculate the a *alue.

3. a Write eDuations sho;in! the aphiprotic nature of ;ater as it reacts ;ith-'7"

8.

# 'alculate the # for -'7"8.

19. 'alculate the 4-"756 in 9.((9 : '-('77-.

?ui@ #1 Properties of Acids, Bases, Salts, Arrhenius Bronsted Acids, ;a, Strength

1. =ranoX, a coercial product used to clean drains, contains sall #its of aluinu etal and

A. aonia

B. acetic acid


47/132

'. h+drochloric acid

=. sodiu h+droCide

2. A net ionic eDuation for the reaction #et;een '-"'77- and 7- is

A. '-"'77-@aD5

5@aD'-"'77@aD

B. '-"'77-@aD5 7-8@aD-27@l5 '-"'77

8@aD

'. '-"'77-@aD5 7-@aD-27@l5 '-"'77@aD=. '-"'77-@aD5

5@aD5 7-

8@aD-27@l5 '-"'77@aD

". Which eDuation represents a neutralization reactionI

A. P#25@aD 5 2'l8@aD P#'l2@s

B. -'l@aD5 >-"@aD >-$'l@aD'. Ba2@aD5 :!S7$@aD BaS7$@s5 :!2@aD=. :n7$

8@aD 5 (Ge

25@aD 5-

5@aD :n

25@aD5 (Ge

"5@aD 5 $-27@l

$. An Arrhenius acid is a su#stance that

A. accepts a protonB. donates a proton

'. produces -5in solution

=. produces 7-8in solution

(. 'onsider the follo;in! data ta#leE

Breaker olu-e Contents

1 1( ) 9.1 : Sr@7-22 29 ) 9.2 : >-$7-

" 2( ) 9.1 : 7-$ (9 ) 9.2 : >a7-

dentif+ the #eaker that reDuires the sallest *olue of 1.9 : -'l for coplete neutralization

A. Beaker 1

B. Beaker 2

'. Beaker "

=. Beaker $. The net ionic eDuation for the titration of -'l7$@aD;ith )i7-@aDis

A. -5@aD 5 7-8@aD -27@l

B. -'l7$@aD 5 7-8@aD 'l7$8@aD 5 -27@l'. -'l7$@aD5 )i7-@aD )i'l7$@aD 5 -27@l=. -5@aD 5 'l7$

8@aD

5 )i5@aD 5 7-8@aD )i'l7$@aD 5 -27@l

. The eDuili#riu constant eCpression for a sulphurous acid is

A aH 4-564-S7"

86


48/132

B. aH 4-564-S7"

86 4-2S7"6

'. aH 42-564S7"

28 6 4-2S7"6

=. aH 4-564S7"

28 6

4-2S7"6. To distin!uish #et;een a stron! acid and a stron! #ase, an eCperienter could use

A. odorB. a!nesiu

'. a conducti*it+ test

=. the coon ion test

3. -o; an+ acids fro the list #elo; are kno;n to #e ;eak acidsI

-'l, -G, -2S7", -2S7$, ->7", ->72

A. 2B. "

'. $

=. (19. There are t;o #eakers on a la#orator+ desk. 7ne #eaker contains 1.9 : -'l and the other contains

tap ;ater. To distin!uish the acid solution fro the ;ater, one ;ould use

A. a piece of copper.

B. a piece of a!nesiu

'. phenolphthalein indicator=. a piece or red litus paper

11. 'austic soda, >a7-, is found in

A. fertilizers

B. #e*era!es

'. toothpaste=. o*en cleaners

12. Which of the follo;in! is the stron!est acidI

A. Acetic acid

B. 7Calic acid

'. Benzoic acid=. 'ar#onic acid

1". The acid used in the lead8acid stora!e #atter+ is

A. -'l

B. ->7"


49/132

'. -2S7$=. '-"'77-

?ui@ # Con'ugates, A-phiprotic, Arrhenius, Bronsted Bases, ;b, Strength

1. A test that could #e safel+ used to distin!uish a stron! #ase fro a ;eak #ase is

A. tasteB. touch'. litus paper

=. electrical conducti*it+

2. dentif+ the t;o su#stances that act as Bronsted8)o;r+ #ases in the eDuation

-S85 S7$28S28 5 -S7$

8

A. -S8and S28

B. S7$28and S28

'. -S8and -S7$8

=. S7$28and -S7$8

". The conKu!ate acid of -2'-(78is

A. '-(7"8

B. -'-(728

'. -2'-(7=. -"'-(7

$. Which one of the follo;in! su#stances is/are aphiproticI

@1 -"P7$ @2 -2P7$8 @" -P7$28

A. 2 onl+B. " onl+

'. 1 and 2

=. 2 and "

(. The net ionic eDuation for the neutralization of -Br #+ 'a@7-2is

A. -5@aD 5 7-8@aD -27@l

B. 'a25@aD 5 2Br8@aD'aBr2@s

'. 2-Br@aD5 'a@7-2@aD 2-27@l5 'aBr2@s=. 2-5@aD 5 2Br

8@aD 5 'a

25@aD5 27-

8@aD2-27@l5 'a

25@aD5 2Br

8@aD

. f reactants are fa*ored in the follo;in! eDuili#riu, the stron!er #ase ust #e-'> 5 -S 8-2S 5 '>

8

A. -2S

B. -S8

'. '>8

=. -'>


50/132

. The h+droniu ion, -"75is a ;ater olecule that has

A. lost a proton

B. !ained a proton

'. !ained a neutron=. !ained an electron

. The coplete ionic eDuation for the neutralization of acetic acid #+ sodiu h+droCide is

A. -55 7-8-27

B. '-"'77- 5 7-8'-"'77

85 -27

'. '-"'77- 5 >a7- >a'-"'77- 5 -27

=. '-"'77- 5 >a55 7-8>a55 '-"'77

85 -27

3. n the follo;in! Bronsted Y )o;r+ acid8#ase eDuationE

>-$5

@aD5 -27@l>-"@aD 5 -"75

@aD

The stron!er #ase is

A. >-$5

B. -27

'. >-"=. -"7

5

19. 'onsider the follo;in! eDuili#riu s+steE7'l8@aD 5 -'-(72@aD-7'l@aD 5 '-(72

8@aD eDH 2.1 C 19

"

At JDuili#riu

A. products are fa*ored and -7'l is the stron!er acidB. reactants are fa*ored and -7'l is the stron!er acid

'. products are fa*ored and -'-(72is the stron!er acid

=. reactants are fa*ored and -'-(72is the stron!er acid

11. n the eDuili#riu s+ste

-2B7"8 @aD5 -'7"8@aD-2'7"@aD5 -B7"28@aD

The t;o species actin! as Bronsted8)o;r+ acids are

A. -'7"8and -2'7"

B. -2B7"8and -2'7"

'. -'7"8and -B7"

28

=. -2B7"8 and -B7"

28

12. 'onsider the follo;in! eDuili#riu -S85 -2'27$-'27$85 -2S


51/132

The stron!er acid is

A. -S8

B. -2'27$'. -'27$

8

=. -2S

?ui@ #" +e*eling effect, Anhydrides, $ydrolysis,/elationships1. Which of the follo;in! oCides ;ill for the ost acidic solutionI

A. S72B. :!7

'. >a27

=. Al27"2. Which one of the follo;in! salts ;ill produce an acidic solutionI

A. Br

B. )i'>'. >-$'l

=. >a'-"'77

". The #alanced eDuation for the reaction #et;een sodiu oCide and ;ater is

A. >a27 5 -27 2>a7-B. >a27 5 -27 2>a- 5 72'. >a27 5 -27 2>a 5 -272=. >a27 5 -27 2>a 5 -2

+72

$. Z>oral rain;ater is sli!htl+ acidic due to the presence of dissol*ed

A. ethaneB. car#on dioCide

'. sulphur dioCide

=. nitro!en dioCide

(. Which of the follo;in! oCides ;ould h+drol+ze to produce h+droCide ionsI

A. >7B. S72

'. 'l27=. >a27

. The approCiate p- of [noral\ rain;ater is

A. 9B.

'.

=.

. Which of the follo;in! oCides ;ould h+drol+ze to produce h+droniu ionsI


52/132

A. 'a7B. S72'. :!7

=. >a27

. Which of the follo;in! !asses results in the foration of acid rainI

A. -2B. 7"'. S72=. >-"

3. 'onsider the follo;in! acid #ase solution

-S7"85 -G -2S7"5 G8The order of Bronsted8)o;r+ acids and #ases in this eDuation is

A. acid 5 #ase acid 5 #ase

B. acid 5 #ase #ase 5 acid

'. #ase 5 acid #ase 5 acid

=. #ase 5 acid acid 5 #ase

19. The conKu!ate acid of 7-8is

A. -5B. 728

'. -27

=. -"75

11. Which of the follo;in! 9.19 : solutions ;ill ha*e the !reatest electrical conducti*it+I

A. -GB. >-"'. >a7-

=. '-('77-

12. The aphiprotic ion -Se7"

8can under!o h+drol+sis accordin! to the follo;in! eDuations

-Se7"85 -27 -2Se7"5 7-

8 1-Se7"

85 -27 Se7"285 -"7

+ 2

An aDueous solution of -Se7"8is found to #e acidic. This o#ser*ation indicates that ;hen it is

added to ;ater, -Se7"8#eha*es ainl+ as a

A. proton donor, and 1is less than 2


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B. proton donor, and 1is !reater than 2'. proton acceptor, and 1is less than 2=. proton acceptor, and 1is !reater than 2

1". The # eCpression for -P7$28 is

A. 4P7$"8 64-"7

56 B. 4-P7$28 647-86

4-P7$286 4-2P7$86

'. 4-2P7$8647-86 =. 4-P7$

28 64 -"756

4-P7$286 4P7$

"86

?ui@ #& Anhydrides, $ydrolysis

1. Which of the follo;in! pairs of !ases are priaril+ responsi#le for producin! [acid rain\I

A. 72and 7"B. >2and 72

'. '7 and '72=. >72and S72

2. Sodiu potassiu tartrate @>a'$-$7 is used to raise the p- of fruit durin! processin!. n this

process, sodiu potassiu tartrate is #ein! used as a/an

A. salt

B. acid'. #ase

=. #uffer

". The net ionic eDuation for the h+drol+sis of the salt, >a2S is

A. >a2S 2>a55 S28B. S28 5 -27 7-

8 5 -S8

'. >a2S 5 2-27 2>a7- 5 -2S

=. 2>a55 S28 5 2-27 2>a55 27-85 -2S

$. Which of the follo;in! solutions ;ould #e acidicI

A. sodiu acetate

B. iron chloride

'. sodiu car#onate

=. potassiu chloride

(. 'onsider the follo;in! saltsE . >aG . >a'l7$ . >a-S7$

Which of these salts, ;hen dissol*ed in ;ater, ;ould for a #asic solutionI

A. onl+

B. and onl+'. and onl+

=. , and

. Which of the follo;in!, ;hen dissol*ed in ;ater, fors a #asic solutionI

A. 'l


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B. >a'l7$'. >a2'7"=. >-$>7"

. Which of the follo;in! oCides fors a #asic solutionI

A. 27

B. '72'. S7"=. >72

. Which of the follo;in! is aphiprotic in ;aterI

A. S72B. S7"

28

'. -S7"8

=. -2S7"

3. 'onsider the follo;in! eDuili#riu eCpressionH 4-2S647-

86

4-S86

This eCpression represents the

A. #for -2S

B. afor -2S'. #for -S

8

=. afor -S8

19. The reaction of a stron! acid ;ith a stron! #ase produces

A. A salt and a ;ater

B. A #ase and an acid'. A etallic oCide and ;ater

=. A non8etallic oCide and ;ater

11. 'onsider the follo;in! eDuili#riuE

'-"'77-@aD5 >-"@aD'-"'778@aD+>-$

5@aD

The seDuence of Bronsted8)o;r+acids and #ases in the a#o*e eDuili#riu eDuation is

A. acid, #ase, #ase, acid

B. acid, #ase, acid, #ase'. #ase, acid, #ase, acid=. #ase, acid, acid, #ase

12. The p- ran!e of Zacid rain is often

A. " to B. to

'. to 3

=. 19 to 12

1". Water ;ill act as a Bronsted8)o;r+ acid ;ith


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A. >-"B. -2S

'. -'>

=. ->7"1$. Which of the follo;in! is a conKu!ate acid8#ase pairI

A. -"P7$and P7$"8

B. -2P7$8and P7$

"8

'. -"P7$and -P7$28

=. -2P7$8and -P7$

28

?ui@ #3 p$ calculations for Strong and Weak Acids

1. The 1.9 : acidic solution ;ith the hi!hest p- is

A. -2S

B ->72'. ->7"=. -"B7"

2. At 2(o', the eDuation representin! the ionization of ;ater is

A -27 5 -27 2-25 72B. -27 5 -27 -272 5 -2'. -27 5 -27 $-

+5 2728

=. -27 5 -27 -"75+7-8

". The p- of a 9." : solution of >-"is approCiatel+

A. 1$.9

B. 11.9'. .9

=. ".9

$. The p- of an aDueous solution is $."2. The 47-86 is

A. .$ C 1981:

B. $. C 198(:'. 2.1 C 19819:

=. 1. C 1981$:

(. The p- of an aDueous solution is 19."2. The 47-86 is

A. (.9 C 19812:

B. 2.9 C 19811:

'. $. C 19811:=. 2.1 C 198$:


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. The p- of a 9.92( : -'l7$solution is

A. 9.3$

B. 1.9

'. 12.$9=. 1".9

. 'onsider the follo;in! eDuili#riuE -27@l+-27@l-"7+@aD 5 7-8@aDThe eDuili#riu constant for this s+ste is referred to as

A. ;

B. a

'. #=. sp

. The 4-"756 in a solution of p- H 9.9 is

A. $.9 C 1981$:

B. 2.2 C 1981:'. 2.( C 1981:

=. .9 C 1981:

3. A solution is prepared #+ addin! 199 ) of 19 : of -'l to a 1 litre *oluetric flask and fillin! itto the ark ;ith ;ater. The p- of this solution is

A. 81B. 9

'. 1

=.

19. The approCiate p- of a 9.9 : solution of '-"'77- is

A. 1

B. "'. 11

=. 1"

11. The 47-86 is !reater than the 4-"7

56 in

A. -'l@aDB. >-"@aD'. -27@aD=. '-"'77-@aD

12. The p- of 9.1( : -'l is

A. 9.1(B. 9.1

'. 9.2


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=. 1".1

1". Which of the follo;in! eDuations correctl+ relates p- and 4-"7

56I

A. p-H lo! 4-"756

B. p-H 1$ 8 4-"756

'. p-H 8lo! 4-"756

=. p-H p ;Y 4-"7561$. The p- of 9.29 : ->7"is

A. 9.29B. 9."

'. 9.9

=. 1.(

1(. The 47-86 in 9.9(9 : ->7"at 2(o' is

A. (.9 C 1981:B. 1.9 C 1981$:

'. 2.9 C 1981":

=. (.9 C 1982:

?ui@ #4 ;a.s fro- p$ ;b.s fro- ;a.s

1. The # for the dih+dro!en phosphate ion is

A. 1." C 19812

B. ." C 198

'. 1. C 198

=. .1 C 198"

2. What *olue of 9.199 : >a7- is reDuired to neutralize a 19.9 ) saple of 9.299 : -2S7$I

A. (.9 )

B. 19.9 )'. 29.9 )=. $9.9 )

". 'onsider the follo;in! eDuili#riusE

-'7"8 5 -27 -2'7"5 7-

8

>-$55 -27 -"7

55 >-" -S7"

85 -"75-27 5 -2S7"


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Water acts as a Bronsted8)o;r+ #ase in

A. onl+

B. and onl+

'. and onl+=. , , and

$. Which of the follo;in! is represented #+ a # eCpressionIA. Al@7-"@sAl

"5@aD5 "7-

8@aD

B. -G@aD5 -27@l-"75

@aD 5 G8@aD

'. 'r 2728

@aD 5 27-8@aD2'r7$

28@aD 5 -27@l

=. '-">-2@aD 5 -27@l'-">-"5

@aD 5 7-8@aD

(. A student co#ines 9.2( ol of >a7- and 9.29 ol of -'l in ;ater to ake 2.9 liters of

solution. The p- of the solution is

A. 1."B. 1.

'. 12.$=. 12.

. f 7-8is added to a solution, the 4-"756 ;ill

A. %eain constantB. AdKust such that 4-"7

56H 47-86

;'. ncrease such that 4-"7

5647-86 H ;=. =ecrease such that 4-"7

5647-86 H ;

. n a titration, 19.9 ) of -2S7$@aD is reDuired to neutralize 9.9$99 ol of >a7-.

Gro this data, the 4-2S7$6 is

A. 9.9299 :

B. 2.99 :'. $.99 :

=. .99 :

. 'onsider the follo;in! eDuili#riu for an acid8#ase indicatorE

-lnd -55 nd8 aH 1.9 C 19819

Which of the follo;in! stateents is correct at p- .9I

A. 4nd86 L 4-nd6B. 4nd86 H 4-nd6

'. 4nd86 M 4-nd6

=. 4nd86 H 4-56 H 4-nd6

3. Which of the follo;in! indicators ;ould #e +ello; at p- and #lue at p- 19I

A. th+ol #lue

B. eth+l *iolet

'. #roth+ol #lue=. #rocresol !reen


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19. 'onsider the follo;in! eDuili#riu for phenolphthaleinE -nd -55 nd8

When phenolphthalein is added to 1.9 : >a7-, the color of the resultin! solution is

A. pink as 4-nd6 is less than 4nd86

B. pink as 4-nd6 is !reater than 4nd86

'. colorless as 4-nd6 is less than 4nd86=. colorless as 4-nd6 is !reater than 4nd86

11. Water acts as a #ase ;hen it reacts ;ith

A. '>8

B. >-"'. >72

8

=. >-$5

12. What is the p- of a solution prepared #+ addin! 9.(9 ol 7- to 1.9 ) of9."9 : ->7"I

A. 9.29B. 9.9

'. 1"."9

=. 1".9

1". The 1.9 : acid solution ;ith the lar!est 4-"7

56 is

A. ->72B. -2S7"'. -2'7"=. -"B7"

?ui@ #5 p$ for Weak bases, p$ /elationships, A-phiprotic

Calculations

1. n ;ater, the h+dro!en sulphide ion, -P7$28, ;ill act as

A. An acid #ecause a L #B. An acid #ecause aM #'. A #ase #ecause a L #

=. A #ase #ecause aM #

2. A student records the p- of 1.9 : solution of t;o acids. Which of the follo;in! stateents can

#e concluded fro the a#o*e dataI

A. Acid is stron!er than acid 0

B. Acid and acid 0 are #oth ;eak'. Acid is diprotic ;hile acid 0 is onoprotic

=. Acid is 199 ties ore concentrated than acid 0

Acid p$

$.9

0 2.9


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". When added to ;ater, the h+dro!en car#onate ion, -'7"8, produces a solution, ;hich is

A. #asic #ecause #is !reater than aB. #asic #ecause ais !reater than #'. acidic #ecause ais !reater than #

=. acidic #ecause #is !reater than a

$. The concentration, a and p- *alues of four acids are !i*en in the follo;in! ta#le

A'= 'oncentration a p-

-A ".9 : 2.9 C 198( 2.1

-B 9. : $.9 C 198( 2."

-' $.9 : 1.9 C 198( 2.2

-= 1.( : 1." C 198(

2.$

Based on this data, the stron!est acid is

A. -A

B. -B

'. -'=. -=

(. Which of the follo;in! 9.19 : solutions is the ost acidicI

A. Al'l"B. Ge'l"'. 'r'l"=. >-$'l

. Which of the follo;in! acid8#ase indicators has a transition point #et;een p- and p- 3I

A. Jth+l red, aH C 1982

B. 'on!o red, aH 3.9 C 198"

'. 'resol red, aH 1.9 C 198

=. Alizarin #lue, aH .9 C 19811

?ui@ #6 Buffers and Indicators

1. 'onsider the follo;in! acid solutionsE

. -2'7" . -'l7$ . -G

Which of the a#o*e acids ;ould for a #uffer solution ;hen its conKu!ate #ase is addedI

A. onl+

B. onl+

'. and onl+


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=. , , and onl+

2. 'onsider the follo;in! #ase indicatorE

-nd -55 nd8

When the indicator is added to different solutions, the follo;in! data are o#tainedE

The acids -Al, -A2, and -nd listed in the order of decreasin! acid stren!th is

A. -A2, -nd, -AlB. -nd, -Al, -A2'. -A2, -Al, -nd

=. -Al, -nd, -A2

". Which of the follo;in! copounds, ;hen added to a solution of aoniu nitrate, ;ill result in

the foration of a #uffer solutionI

A. AoniaB. >itric acid

'. Sodiu nitrate

=. Aoniu chloride

$. Which of the follo;in! represents a #uffer eDuili#riuI

A. - 5 -27 -"7

55 8

B. -'l 5 -27 -"7 5 'l8

'. -'> 5 -27 -"755 '>8

=. -'l7$5 -27 -"7 5 'l7$8

(. 'onsider the follo;in! eDuili#riuE

-G@aD5 -27@l-"75

@aD 5 G8@aD

The a#o*e s+ste ;ill #eha*e as a #uffer ;hen the 4G86 is approCiatel+ eDual to

A. a

B. 4-G6'. 4-276=. 4-"7

56

. A #asic #uffer solution can #e prepared #+ iCin! eDual nu#ers of oles of

A. >-$') and -'l

B. >a'l and >a7-'. >a2'7"and >a-'7"=. >a'-"'77- and '-"'77-

?ui@ #9 2itrations and 2itration Cur*es

Solution 1.9 : -'l 1.9 : -Al 1.9 : -A2

'olour 0ello; Blue 0ello;


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1. Which of the follo;in! indicators ;ould #e used ;hen titratin! a ;eak acid ;ith a stron! #aseI

A. :eth+l red

B. :eth+l *iolet'. ndi!o carine

=. Phenolphthalein

2. Which of the follo;in! acid8#ase pairs ;ould result in an eDui*alence point ;ith p- !reater than

.9I

A. -'l and )i7-B. ->7"and >-"'. -'l7$and >a7-

=. '-"'77- and 7-

". Which of the follo;in! standardized solutions should a cheist select ;hen titratin! a 2(.99 )

saple of 9.1 : >-", usin! eth+l red as an indicatorI

A. 9.11$ : -'l

B. .99 : ->7"'. 9.19( : >a7-=. 9.199 : '-"'77-

$. 'onsider the follo;in! 9.199 : solutions . -2S7$ . -'l . -GThe eDui*alence point is reached ;hen 19.99 ) of 9.199 >a7- has #een added to 19.99 ) of

solution@s

A. onl+

B. and onl+'. and onl+

=. , and

(.

1$8

128198

8

8 $8

28


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Which pair of 9.19 : solutions ;ould result in the a#o*e titration cur*eI

A. -G and 7-

B. -'l and >-"

'. -2S and >a7-=. ->7"and 7-

. A suita#le indicator for the a#o*e titration is

A. :eth+l *iolet

B. Alizarin +ello;

'. Th+olphthalein=. Brocresol !reen

. The p- scale is

A. direct

B. in*erse

'. lo!arithic=. eCponential

.

128

198

8

8

$8

28


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Which of the follo;in! indicators should #e used in the titration represented #+ the a#o*e titration

cur*eI

A. 7ran!e ?

B. :eth+l red'. Phenolphthalein=. Alizarin +ello;

3. Which of the follo;in! indicators should #e used ;hen 1.9 : ->72is titrated ;ith >a7-@aDI

A. :eth+l red

B. Th+ol #lue'. :eth+l oran!e

=. ndi!o carine

19. Which of the follo;in! solutions should #e used ;hen titratin! a 2(.99 ) saple of '-"'77-that is approCiatel+ 9.1 :I

A. 9.1(9 : >a7-B. 9.991 : >a7-

'. ".99 : >a7-

=. .99 : >a7-

11. What *olue of 9.2(9 : -2S7$is reDuired to neutralize 2(.99 ) of 2.(9 : 7-I

A. 12( )

B. 1(9 )'. 2(9 )

=. (99)

12. Which of the follo;in! pairs of su#stances for a #uffer s+ste for huan #loodI

A. -'l and 'l8

B. >-"and >-28

'. -2'7"and -'7"8

=. -2'-(7and -'-(728

?ui@ #1: /e*ie

1. -o; an+ oles of :!@7-2are reDuired to neutralize "9.99 ) of 9.1(9 : -'lI

A. 2.2( C 198"ol

B. $.(9 C 198"ol'. (.99 C 198"ol

=. 3.99 C 198"ol

2. The approCiate a for the indicator phenolphthalein is

A. C 19813


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B. C 19819

'. C 198

=. 2 C 1982

". A ne; indicator, [B.'. Blue @-nd,\ is red in #ases and #lue in acids. =escri#e the shift ineDuili#riu and the resultin! color chan!e if 1.9 : -7"is added to a neutral, purple solution of

this indicatorE -nd 5 -27 -"755 nd8

A. JDuili#riu shifts left, and colour #ecoes redB JDuili#riu shifts left, and colour #ecoes #lue

'. JDuili#riu shifts ri!ht, and colour #ecoes red

=. JDuili#riu shifts ri!ht, and colour #ecoes #lue

$. Which one of the follo;in! co#inations ;ould act as an acid #ufferI

A. -'l and >a7-B. 7- and Br

'. >-"and >-$'l

=. '-"'77- and >a'-"'77

(. What is the p- at the transition point of an indicator if its a is .3 C 198"I

A. 9.3B. 2.19

'. .99

=. 11.39

. Which of the follo;in! p- cur*es #est represents the titration of sodiu h+droCide ;ith

h+drochloric acidI

A.

. A student prepares a #uffer #+ placin! aoniu chloride in a solution of aonia. JDuili#riuis esta#lished accordin! to the eDuationE >-"5 -27 >-$

55 7-8

When a sall aount of #ase is added to the #uffer, the #ase reacts ;ith

B

.

'.

=.


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A. >-"and the p- decreasesB. >-$

5and the p- decreases

'. >-"to keep the p- relati*el+ constant

=. >-$5to keep the p- relati*el+ constant

. At the eDui*alence point in a titration in*ol*in! 1.9 : solutions, ;hich of the follo;in!

co#inations ;ould ha*e the lo;est conducti*it+I

A. >itric acid and #ariu h+droCide

B. Acetic acid and sodiu h+droCide

'. Sulphuric acid and #ariu h+droCide=. -+drochloric acid and sodiu h+droCide

3. An indicator -nd produces a +ello; colour in 9.1 : -'l solution and a red colour in 9.1 : -'>solution. Therefore, the follo;in! eDuili#riuE

-'> 5 nd8-nd 5 '>8

A. Products are fa*ored and the stron!er acid is -ndB. Products are fa*ored and the stron!er acid is -'>

'. %eactants are fa*ored and the stron!er acid is -nd

=. %eactants are fa*ored and the stron!er acid is -'>

19. The indicator eth+l red is red in a solution of >a-2P7$. Which of the follo;in! eDuations is

consistent ;ith this o#ser*ationI

A. -2P7$

85 -27 -P7$28 5 -"7

5

B. -2P7$85 -27 -"P7$

5 7-8

'. -P7$28 5 -27 P7$

"8 5 -"75

=. -P7$28 5 -27 -2P7$85 7-8

11. 'onsider the follo;in! acid8#ase indicator eDuili#riuE

-nd@aD5 -27@l-"75

@aDnd8@aD

Which of the follo;in! stateents descri#es the conditions that eCist in an indicator eDuili#rius+ste at its transition pointI

A. 4-nd6 H 4nd86

B. 4nd86 H 4-"756

'. 4-nd6 H 4-"756

=. 4-"756 H 4-276

12. Which of the follo;in! titrations ;ould ha*e an eDui*alence point less that p- I

A. >-"and -'l

B. >a7- and ->7"'. Ba@7-2and -2S7$=. 7- and '-"'77-


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Web /e*ie of Acids

1. )ist fi*e properties ofE

a acids

# #ases

2. What ion is produced ;hen an acid reacts ;ith ;aterI A #aseI

". =efineE

'onKu!ate

Arhenius stron! acid

Bronsted ;eak acid

Bronsted stron! #ase

onization of ;ater

JDui*alence point

Transition point

Buffer


68/132

-+drol+sis.

$. dentif+ the acids or #ases in the follo;in! eDuation. Are the reactants or products fa*ouredI

-'9"85 -G -2'7"5 G

8


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(. 'lassif+ each copound as a stron! or ;eak acid or #aseR acidic or #asic anh+drideR acidic, #asic,

or neutral saltR or #uffer s+ste. Write an eDuation to sho; ho; each reacts ;ith ;ater.

>-" Al'l" -2'7" -'l7$ '> >-$'l 7-

S72 >aG -'l >a 27 >a7- '72

>-"and >-$'l >a'-"'77 and '-"'77-

. -5is short for VVVVVVV.

. =eterine the conKu!ates for each of the #ases.

'>8 >-" G8 7-8 'o@-27(@7-

25

. =eterine the conKu!ates for each of the acids.

-G -'> Al@-27"5 >-$

5 -P7$28


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3. =escri#e a stron! and ;eak acid as ;ell as a stron! and ;eak #ase in ters of each of the

follo;in!E

stron! acid ;eak acid stron! #ase ;eak #ase

'onducti*it+

Size of a

Size of #

=e!ree of onization

p-.

19. Wh+ is the stron!est acid in ;ater -"75I JCplainO

11. Wh+ is the stron!est #ase in ;ater 7-8I JCplainO

12. Which has the hi!her p- -2S9"or -"B7"I JCplainO

1". Which has the hi!her p- >a'> or >aGI JCplainO

1$. A #uffer has a p- of 3.99. 2 drops of a dilute stron! acid are added. Jstiate ho; the p- chan!esI

1(. a'oplete the chart #+ indicatin! the pairs reDuired to ake #uffer solutions. Gor eCaple -'>@;eak acid and >a'> @salt containin! the conKu!ate of the ;eak acid ;ill ake a #uffer

solution. bWrite an eDuation the descri#es the eDuili#riu for each #uffer. c'ircle the forulas

that ha*e hi!h concentrations.


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Weak Acid or Base Salt

-G

>a'-"'77

>-"

>a'>

-2'7"

-2P7$

-'-"'77

1. :atch each eDuation ;ith its t+peE

Acid/#ase forula eDuation G85 -7-@l-G 5 7-8

Acid/#ase net ionic eDuation -'l 5 >a7- >a'l 5 -7-@l

Solu#ilit+ product ionization eDuation -55 7-8 -7-@l

-+drol+sis of a ;eak acid A!'l@sA!55 'l8

-+drol+sis of a ;eak #ase -29@l-5 5 7-8

onization of ;ater >-$55 -29 >-"5 -"7

5

1. Write the eDuili#riu eCpressions for each of the a#o*e eDuations eCcept for the second and third

reactions.

1. A student tested the electrical conducti*it+ of t;o acid solutions. 7ne solution ;as a stron! acid

and the other a ;eak acid. Both solutions had the sae conducti*it+. JCplain ho; this could #e

possi#le.

13. =escri#e in ters of h+drol+sis ho; >a'-"'77 can #e added to potato chips in order to producethe *ine!ar fla*our.


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29. =escri#e ;hat happens to the -5and the 7-8 ;hen the p- increases #+ 2 units.

21. =escri#e t;o !ases responsi#le for acid rain. Write eDuations to sho; ho; the+ react ;ith ;ater.

What !as naturall+ lo;ers the p- of noral rainI

22. 'oplete the follo;in! reaction usin! a forula eDuation, coplete ionic Duation and net ionic

eDuation. -2'27$ 5 >a7-

2". Write the eDuili#riu eCpression for phosphoric acid in ;ater.

2$.

a An indicator -nd is red in acid and #lue in #ase. Write the eDuation for the indicator and eCplain the

colours.

# What is true at the transition pointI

cWhat is the color of this indicator in a solution of Al'l"I

d n the a#o*e solution, ;hat is lar!er 4-nd6 or 4nd86 I

e 'alculate the a for Phenolphthalein.

f What indicator has a a of approCiatel+ 1.9 19 819I

2(. i*e an eCaple of a onoprotic, diprotic, and triprotic acid. Write an eDuation for each to sho;ho; the+ ionize in ;ater.


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74/132

".1

2.(9

neutral @2si! fi!s

2. What *olue of 9.29 : -2S7$ is needed to neutralize (9.99 l 9."9: >a7-I

". What ass of >aG is reDuired to prepare 199.9 l of 9."99 : solutionI

$. "(.( ) of 9."99 : >a7- is reDuired to neutralize 19.9 ) of -2S7$. What is the acid

concentrationI

(. 199.9 ) of .299 : -'l is iCed ;ith 129.9 ) of 9.299: >a7-. 'alculate the p- of the

resultin! solution.

. 'alculate the a for phenolphthalein.

. The sp of A!7- is . C 19812. 'alculate the p-.

. The 7-8concentration in 9.19: >a'> is 2. C 198 :. 'alculate the # fro this inforationonl+.

3. 'alculate the p- for 9.29 : -'l.


75/132

19. 'alculate the p- for 9.19: Ba@7-2.

11. 'alculate the p- for 9.$9 : -'>.

12. 'alculate the p- for 9.$9 : >a2'7".

1". What is the p- for 9."9 : >a'lI

1$. 'alculate the p- of 9.29 : >-".

1(. 'alculate the p- of 9.29 : >-$'l.

1. Sho; #+ calculation if -2P7$8 is an acid or #ase @copare the # and a.


76/132

1. 'alculate the p- of a saturated solution of :!@7-2if the sp is 1.2 19811.

1. A 9.(9 : >-"solution is found to ha*e a 7-8concentration of 1. C 198":. Fsin!this data

onlycalculate the #.

13. A 9.1 : acid - has a p- of 2.$9. What is the aI

29. The follo;in! data ;ere recorded ;hen 2(.99 ) of -2S7$ ;ere titrated ;ith 9.19"9 : >a7-.

The *olues of >a7- used in three runs ;ereE $.9 ), $$.(2 ), $$.($ ). 'alculate the acid

concentration.

21. The follo;in! data ;ere recorded ;hen 19.99l of >a7- ;ere titrated ;ith 9.19"9: -2S7$. The

*olues of -2S7$used in three runs ;ereE 12.(( ), 12.(( ), 12.19 ). 'alculate the #aseconcentration.


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Acids Practice 2est # 1

1. An eDuation representin! the reaction of a ;eak acid ;ith ;ater is

A. -'l 5 -27 -"75 5 'l8

B. >-" 5 -27 >-$5 5 7-8'. -'7"

8 -27 -2'7" 5 7-8

=. -'77- 5 -27 -"75 5 -'778

2. The eDuili#riu eCpression for the ion product constant of ;ater is

A. ; H 4-"75647-86

4-276

B. ; H 4-"75624726

'. ; H 4-"75647-86

=. ; H 4-"756247286

". 'onsider the follo;in! !raph for the titration of 9.1 : >-";ith 1.9 : -'l.

?olue -'l added

p-

1$

9

?


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A #uffer solution is present at point

A.

B.

'.

=. ?

$. 'onsider the follo;in! eDuili#riu s+ste for an indicatorE -nd 5 -27 -"75

5 nd8

Which t;o species ust #e of t;o different colours in order to #e used as an indicatorI

A. -nd and -27

B. -nd and nd8

'. -"75and nd8

=. -ind and -"75

(. Which of the follo;in! indicators is +ello; at p- 19.9I

A. eth+l red

B. phenol red

'. th+ol #lue=. eth+l *iolet

. A saple containin! 1.29 C 1982ole -'l is copletel+ neutralized #+ 199.9 ) of Sr@7-2.

What is the 4Sr@7-26I

A. .99 C 198":

B. .99 C 1982:'. 1.29 C 1981:

=. 2.$ C 1981:

. Which of the follo;in! titrations ;ill ha*e the hi!hest p- at the eDui*alence pointIA. -Br ;ith >-"B. ->72;ith 7-'. -'l ;ith >a2'7"=. ->7";ith >a7-

. An Arrhenius acid is defined as a cheical species that

A. is a proton donor.

B. is a proton acceptor.'. produces h+dro!en ions in solution.

=. produces h+droCide ions in solution.

3. 'onsider the follo;in! acid8#ase eDuili#riu s+steE

-'27$8 5 -2B7"

8-"B7"5 '27$28

dentif+ the Bronsted8)o;r+ #ases in this eDuili#riu.

A. -2B7"8 and -"B7"

B. -'27$8 and -"B7"

'. -'27$8 and '27$

28

=. -2B7"8 and '27$

28


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19. The eDuation representin! the predoinant reaction #et;een >a'-"'77 ;ith ;ater is

A. '-"'778 5 -27 '-"'77- 5 7-

8

B. '-"'778 5 -27 -27 5 '-2'77

28

'. '-"'77- 5 -27 -"75 5 '-"'77

8

=. '-"'77- 5 -27 '-"'77-25 5 7-8

11. Which of the follo;in! solutions ;ill ha*e the lo;est electrical conducti*it+I

A. 9.19 : -G

B. 9.19 : >aG

'. 9.19 : -2S7"=. 9.19 : >a-S7"

12. Which of the follo;in! is the stron!est Bronsted8)o;r+ #aseI

A. >-"B. '7"28

'. -S7"8

=. -2B7"8

1". A 1.9 C 198$: solution has a p- of 19.99. The solute is a

A. ;eak acid

B. ;eak #ase

'. stron! acid6=. stron! #ase

1$. The ionization of ;ater at roo teperature is represented #+

A. -27 2-5 5 728

B. 2-27 2-2 5 72'. 2-27 -2 5 27-

8

=. 2-27 -"75 5 7-8

1(. Addition of -'l to ;ater causes

A. #oth 4-"756 and 47-86 to increase

B. #oth 4-"756 and 47-86 to decrease

'. 4-"756 to increase and 47-86 to decrease

=. 4-"756 to decrease and 47-86 to increase


. -2S7$. -S7$

8

. S7$28

Which of the a#o*e is/are present in a rea!ent #ottle la#eled 1.9 : -2S7$I

A. onl+


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B. and onl+

'. and onl+=. , , and

1. The p- of 9.19 : 7- solution is

A. 9.19B. 1.99

'. 1".99=. 1$.19

1. An indicator chan!es colour in the p- ran!e 3.9 to 11.9. What is the *alue of the a for the

indicatorI

A. 1 C 1981"

B. 1 C 19819

'. 1 C 198

=. 1 C 1981

13. Which of the follo;in! are aphiprotic in aDueous solutionI

. -Br

. -27

. -'7"8

?. -2'-(78

A and onl+B. and ? onl+

'. , , and ? onl+

=. , , , and ?

29. Which of the follo;in! al;a+s applies at the transition point for the indicator -indI

A. 4nd86 H 47-86B. 4-nd6 H 4nd86

'. 4nd86 H 4-"756

=. 4-nd6 H 4-"756

21. 'alculate the 4-"756 of a solution prepared #+ addin! 19.9 ) of 2.9 : -'l to 19.9 ) of 1.9 :

>a7-.

A. 9.29 :B. 9.(9 :

'. 1.9 :

=. 2.9 :

22. Both acidic and #asic solutions

A. taste sour

B. feel slipper+'. conduct electricit+

=. turn #lue litus red

2". The conKu!ate acid of -P7$28is


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A. P7$"8

B. -2P7$8

'. -2P7$28

=. -2P7$"8

2$. What is the *alue of the ; at 2( o'I

A., 1.9 C 1981$

B. 1.9 C 198

'.

=. 1$

2(. 'onsider the follo;in! eDuili#riuE 2-27@l -"75

@aD 5 7-8@aD

A sall aount of Ge@-27"5 is added to ;ater and eDuili#riu is re8esta#lished. Which of the

follo;in! represents the chan!es in ion concentrationsI

4-"756 47-86

A. increases increases

B. increases decreases'. decreases decreases

=. decreases increases

2. 'onsider the follo;in! eDuili#riu for an indicatorE -nd 5 -27 -"75 5 nd8

n a solution of p- of ., the colour of #roth+ol #lue is

A. #lue #ecause 4-nd6 H 4nd86

B. !reen #ecause 4-nd6 H 4nd86

'. !reen #ecause 4-nd6 L 4nd86=. +ello; #ecause 4-nd6 M 4nd86

2. The indicator ;ith a H $ C 198 is

A. neutral red

B. eth+l red

'. indi!o carine=. phenolphthalein

2. n a titration a 2(.99 ) saple of Sr@7-2is copletel+ neutralized #+ 2.9 ) of 9.199 :

-'l. The concentration of the Sr@7-2is

A. 1.$" C 198":

B. 2. C 198":

'. (.2 C 1982:=. 1.1$ C 1981:

23. A student iCes 1(.9 ) of 9.199 : >a7- ;ith 19.9 ) of 9.299 : -'l. The resultin! solutionis

A. #asicB. acidic

'. neutral

=. aphiprotic


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"9. Which of the follo;in! salts ;ill dissol*e in ;ater to produce a neutral solutionI

A. )iG

B. 'r'l"'. >7"=. >-$'l

"1. What is the *alue of the # for -'-(728

IA. (.3 C 19819

B. 2.$ C 198

'. $.1 C 198

=. 1. C 198(

"2. The p7- of 9.91( : -'l solution is

A. 9.3

B. 1.9

'. 12.1

=. 1".9"

"". Which of the follo;in! ;ill produce an acidic solutionI

A. >a'l

B. >-$>7"'. 'a@>7"2=. Ba@>7"2

"$. Which of the follo;in! salts ;ill dissol*e in ;ater to produce an acid solutionI

A. )iG

B. 'r'l"'. >7"=. >a'l

"(. Which of the follo;in! salts ;ill dissol*e in ;ater to produce a #asic solutionI

A. )iG

B. 'r'l"'. >7"=. >-$'l

". A student iCes $99 ) of 9.199 : >a7- ;ith 199 ) of 9.299 : -2S7$. The resultin! solution

has a p- ofA. 1$.999

B. 9.999

'. 1".99

=. .999

". A student iCes (99 ) of 9.$99 : >a7- ;ith (99 ) of 9.199 : -2S7$. The resultin! solution

has a p- of

A. 1$.999

B. 9.999


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'. 1".999

=. .999

". The stron!est acid in ;ater is

A. -'l7$B. -

'. -G=. -"7

5

"3. The forula that has the hi!hest p- in ;ater is

A. -GB. -2'7"'. -2'27$=. -'>

"3. The forula that has the hi!hest p- in ;ater is

A. >aG

B. >a'l'. -2'27$=. >a'>

Su#Kecti*e

1. A cheist prepares a solution #+ dissol*in! the salt >a'> in ;ater.a Write the eDuation for the dissociation reaction that occurs.

# Write the eDuation for the h+drol+sis reaction that occurs.

c 'alculate the *alue of the eDuili#riu constant for the h+drol+sis

2. A ".(9 C 198": saple of unkno;n acid, -A has a p- of 2.39. 'alculate the *alue of the a and

identif+ this acid.


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". 'alculate the ass of >a7- needed to prepare 2.9 ) of a solution ;ith a p- of 12.99.

$. A 1.99 : 7'l8solution has an 47-86 of (.( C 198$:. 'alculate the # for 7'l 8.

(. 'alculate the p- of a solution prepared #+ addin! 1(.9 ) of 9.(99 : -2S7$to "(.9 ) of 9.(9: >a7-.


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. =eterine the p- of a 9.19 : solution of h+dro!en c+anide.

. =eterine the p- of 9.199 : >-".

. =eterine the p- of a saturated solution of :!@7-2.


86/132


87/132

Acids Practice 2est #

1. What colour ;ould 1.9 : -'l #e in an indicator iCture consistin! of phenol red and

th+olphthaleinI

A red

B #lue' +ello;= colourless

2. =urin! a titration, ;hat *olue of 9.(99 : 7- is necessar+ to copletel+ neutralize 19.9 ) of2.99 : '-"'77-I

A 19.9 )B 29.9 )

' 2(.9 )

= $9.9 )

". Which indicator has a a H 1.9 C 198I

A neutral redB th+ol #lue

' th+olpthalein

= chlorophenol red

$. Acid is added to a #uffer solution. When eDuili#riu is reesta#lished the #ufferin! effect has

resulted in 4-"756

A increasin! sli!htl+B decreasin! sli!htl+

' increasin! considera#l+= decreasin! considera#l+

(. A #uffer solution ;ill for ;hen 9.19 : >aG is iCed ;ith an eDual *olue of

A 9.19 : -G

B 9.19 : -'l' 9.19 : >a'l

= 9.19 : >a7-


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. Which of the follo;in! stateents applies to 1.9 : >-"@aD#ut not to 1.9 : >a7-@aDI

A partiall+ ionizes

B neutralizes an acid

' has a p- !reater than = turns #roocresol !reen fro +ello; to #lue

. n ;hich of the follo;in! are the reactants fa*ouredI

A ->72 5 '>8 >72

8 5 -'>

B -2S 5 -'7"8 -S8 5 -2'7"

' -"P7$ 5 >-" -2P7$8 5 >-$

5

= '-"'77- 5 P7$"8 '-"'77

8 5 -P7$28

. What is the p7- of a solution prepared #+ addin! 9.(9 oles of >a7- to prepare 9.(9 ) of

solutionI

A 9.99

B 9."9' 1$.99= 1".9

3. What is the 4-"756 in a solution ;ith a p- H (.29I

A 1.$ C 1981$

B 1. C 1983

' ." C 198

= .1 C 1981

19. 'onsider the follo;in! eDuili#riuE 2-27@l 5 ener!+ -"75@aD 5 7-8@aDWhat ;ill cause the p- to increase and the ; to decreaseI

A addin! a stron! acid

B addin! a stron! #ase' increasin! the teperature

= decreasin! the teperature

11. The coplete neutralization of 1(.9 ) of 7- reDuires 9.92(9 oles -2S7$. The 47-6 ;as

A 1.(9 :

B 1. :' "."" :

= . :

12. What is the 4-"7

56 at the eDui*alence point for the titration #et;een -Br and 7-I

A 1.9 C 1983:

B 1.9 C 198:' 1.9 C 198( :

= 9.9 :

1". Which of the follo;in! ;ould for a #uffer solution ;hen eDual oles are iCed to!etherI


89/132

A -'l and >a'lB -'> and >a'>

' >7"and 7-

= >a2S7$and >a7-

1$. Which of the follo;in! acids has the ;eakest conKu!ate #aseI

A -7"B ->72' -"P7$= '-"'77-

1(. When 19.9 l of 9.19 : -'l is added to 19.9 ) of ;ater, the concentration of -"75in the final

solution is

A 9.919 :

B 9.9(9 :

' 9.19 := 9.29 :

1. The conKu!ate #ase of an acid is produced #+

A addin! a proton to the acid

B addin! an electron to the acid' reo*in! a proton fro the acid

= reo*in! an electron fro the acid

1. Which of the follo;in! represents the predoinant reaction #et;een -'7"

8and ;aterI

A 2-'7"8 -27 5 2'72

B -'7"8 5 -27 -2'7" 5 7-

8

' -'7"8 5 -27 -"7

5 5 '7"28

= 2-'7"8 5 -27 -"7

5 5 '7"28 5 7-8 5 '72

1. Water acts as an acid ;hen it reacts ;ith

'>8

>-" -'l7$? '-"'77

8

A and ? onl+

B and onl+' , , and ?

= , , and ?

13. n a solution of 9.19 : -2S7$, the ions present in order of decreasin! concentration are


90/132

A 4-"756 M 4-S7$

86 M 4S7$286 M 47-86

B 4-"756 M 4S7$

286 M 4-S7$86 M 47-86

' 47-86 M 4S7$286 M 4-S7$

86 M 4-"756

= 4S7$286 M 4-S7$

86 M 47-86 M 4-"756

29. Which of the follo;in! ;ill dissol*e in ;ater to produce an acidic solutionI

A '72B 'a7' :!7

= >a27

21. Which of the follo;in! solutions ;ill ha*e a p- H 1.99I

9.19 : -'l 9.19 : ->72 9.19 : >a7-

A onl+B onl+

' and onl+

= , , and

22. a for the acid -2As7$8is (. C 198. What is the *alue of the # for -As7$

28I

A (. C 19822

B ".2 C 1981$

' 1. C 198

B 2.$ C 198$

2". n a titration, ;hich of the follo;in! has a p- H .99 at the eDui*alence pointI

A >-"and ->7"B 7- and -'l

' >aG and -'l= 'a@7-2and '-"'77-

2$. Which of the follo;in! salts dissol*es to produce a #asic solutionI

A 'l

B >-$Br

' Ge@>7""= )i'-"'77

2(. 'alculate the p- in a 9.299 : solution of Sr@7-2.

A 1.$9

B 1.9


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' 1"."9

= 1".9

2. Which of the follo;in! solutions has a p- less than .99I

A >a'l

B )i7-

' >-$>7"= '-"'77

2. Which of the follo;in! ;ill for a #asic aDueous solutionI

A -S7"

8

B -S7$8

' -P7$28

= -'27$8

2. What is the approCiate a *alue for the indicator chlorophenol redI

A 1 C 1981$

B 1 C 198

' 1 C 198

= 1 C 198"

23. What is the approCiate p- of the solution fored ;hen 9.9$9 ol >a7- is added to 2.99 ) of9.929 : -'lI

A 9.99

B 1.$9' 1.9

= .99

"9. n ;hich one of the follo;in! eDuations are the Bronsted acids and #ases all correctl+ identifiedI

Acid 5 Base Base 5 Acid

A -272 S7"

28 -72

8 -S7"8

B -272 S7"28

-S7"8 -72

8

' S7"28 -272 -72

8 -S7"8

= S7"28 -272 -S7"

8 -728

"1. Which of the follo;in! titrations ;ill al;a+s ha*e an eDui*alence point at ap- M .99I

A ;eak acid ;ith a ;eak #aseB stron! acid ;ith a ;eak #ase


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' ;eak acid ;ith a stron! #ase

= stron! acid ;ith a stron! #ase

"2. A #uffer solution a+ contain eDual oles of

A ;eak acid and stron! #ase

B stron! acid and stron! #ase

' ;eak acid and its conKu!ate #ase= stron! acid and its conKu!ate #ase

"". A !as ;hich is produced #+ #urnin! coal and also contri#utes to the foration of acid rain is

A -2B 7"' S72= '"-

"$. Which of the follo;in! 1.9 : salt solutions is acidicI

A BaSB >-$'l

' 'a@>7"2= >a'-"'77

"(. Which of the follo;in! stateents applies to 1.9 : >-"@aD#ut not to 1.9 : >a7-@aDI

A partiall+ ionizes

B neutralizes and acid' has a p- !reater than

= turns #rocresol !reen fro +ello; to #lue

". When the indicator th+ol #lue is added to 9.19 : solution of an unkno;n acid, the solution is

red. The acid could #e

A -G

B -2S' -'>

= ->7"

Sub'ecti*e

1. 'alculate the p- of the solution prepared #+ iCin! 1(.9 ) of 9.(9 : -'l ;ith "(.9 ) 9.(9 :>a7-.


93/132

2. 'alculate the 47-86 in 9.(9 : >-"@aD.

". A titration ;as perfored #+ addin! 9.1( : -2'27$to a 2(.99 ) saple of >a7-.The follo;in! data ;as collected.

Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial "

Ginal *olue of -2'27$fro #urette @) 2".99 "3.9( 29.3(

nitial *olue of -2'27$fro #urette @) $.( 2".99 (.99

'alculate the 4>a7-6

$. A 2(9.9 ) saple of -'l ;ith a p- of 2.999 is copletel+ neutralized ;ith 9.299 : >a7-.

What *olue of >a7- is reDuired to reach the stoichioetric point.

(. f the -'l ;ere titrated ;ith 9.299 : >-"@aDinstead of 9.299 : >a7-, ho; ;ould the *olue of

#ase reDuired to reach the eDui*alence point copare ;ith the *olue calculated in the last

DuestionI JCplain +our ans;er.

. 'onsider the follo;in! salt aoniu acetate, >-$'-"'77.

a Write the eDuation for the dissociation of >-$'-"'77.


94/132

# Write the eDuations for the h+drol+sis reactions that occur.

c JCplain ;h+ a solution of >-$'-"'77 has a p- H.99. Support +our ans;er ;ith a calculation.

. 'onsider the follo;in! eDuili#riuE ener!+ 5 2-27 -"75 5 7-8

a JCplain ho; pure ;ater can ha*e a p- H ."9.

# 'alculate the *alue of the ; for the saple of ;ater ;ith a p- H ."9.


95/132

Acids, Bases and Salts Unit Plan

0otes( double click on the lesson nu-ber and donloadPo;er Point ?ie;erif +ou do not ha*e it.

Worksheets Quiz

1. Properties of Acids, Bases & Salts WS 1

2.Arrhenius, Bronsted Acids, a and Stren!th. WS 2 1

".Arrhenius, Bronsted Bases, # and Stren!th WS "

$.Acid & Base %eactions. Aphiprotic. Acid 'hart. WS $ 2

(.)e*elin! effect, Anh+drides and %elationships. WS (

.-+drol+sis of Salts. Quiz. WS "

.Acid, Base & Salt %eactions. -+drol+sis. WS

'lassif+in!J*er+thin! Acti*it+

.0aadas ndicator )a#. -+drol+sis. WS $

3.onization of Water, 4-56 & 4 7-86, p- scale. -+drol+sis Quiz

1-+drol+sis Quiz 2-+drol+sis Quiz "

19.p- for Stron! Acids and Bases. -+drol+sis Quiz WS 3

11.p- 'alculations for Weak Acids. WS 19 (

12.a fro p- for Weak Acids. WS 11

1".ndicators )a#.

1$.#s fro as for Weak Bases. WS 12

1(.p- for Weak Bases p- 4-56 4 7-86 %elationships. WS 1"

1.Aphiprotic ons8 as and #s. WS 1$

1.Titration )a#. Priar+ Standards. Acids

:idterre*ie; Test

1. Titration )a#

13.Buffers & ndicators WS 1(

29.Titration 'ur*es. WS 1 3/19

21.%e*ie;


96/132

2". Test

TeCt #ook -e#den %ead Fnit ?

WS #1 Properties of Acids and Bases

1. Add 1 drop of each solution to 1 drop of the acid8#ase indicator in a spot plate. %ecord the colour in thedata ta#le #elo;. =escri#e each solution as an acid or #ase in the space pro*ided. Write the acid colour

and #ase colour in the ta#le #elo;.

ndicator88M Phenolphthalein )itus Brooth+ol Blue Acid or Base

SolutionE-'l Clear /ed ello Acid

>a7- Pink Blue Blue Base

?ine!ar Clear /ed ello Acid

Aonia Pink Blue Blue Base

@>-")eon uice Clear /ed ello Acid

Se*en8up Clear /ed ello Acid

Bakin! Soda Pink Blue Blue Base@>a-'7"

Indicator Acid Colour Base Colour

Phenolphthalein Clear Pink

)itus /ed Blue

Brooth+ol Blue ello Blue

Wash and dry your spot plate before going on to step !

2. Wear safety gogglesfor this eCperient. Pour approCiatel+ (9 ) of 1 : -'l into a fleaker. Add

one le*el spoonful of :! and co*er ;ith a plastic funnel. After 1 inute and not #efore li!ht the top ofthe funnel usin! a atch. Write the eDuation for the reaction #elo;.

$ClFa= )gFs G $Fg )gClFa=Wash and dry your fleaker before going on to step "!

". Taste a leon and descri#e the taste in one ;ord Sour

$. Taste soe #akin! soda and descri#e the taste in one ;ord. Bitter. Test t;o drops of -'l for conducti*it+ in a spot plate. %esultE Hood Conductor

Write an eDuation that accounts for the conducti*it+ of -'l.

$Cl G $ Cl(


97/132

. Test t;o drops of >a7- for conducti*it+ in a spot plate. %esultE Hood Conductor

Write an eDuation that accounts for the conducti*it+ of >a7- @dissociation.

0a%$ G 0a %$(

Clean, dry and put aay the spot plate

. )ist fi*e properties of acids that are in +our teCt#ook.Acids conduct electricit+, taste sour, neutralize #ases, chan!e the color of indicators, and react ;ith soe

etals to produce h+dro!en.

3. )ist fi*e properties of #ases that are in +our teCt#ook.

Bases conduct electricity, taste bitter, neutrali@e acids, change the color of indicators, and feel

slippery!

19. :ake soe #rief notes on the coercial acidsE -'l and -2S7$ @p 112.

$Cl

$S%&

11. :ake soe #rief notes on the coercial #ase >a7- @p 11$.

12. =escri#e the difference #et;een a concentrated and dilute acid @hintE concentration refers to theolarit+. =escri#e their relati*e conducti*ities.

'oncentrated eans relati*el+ hi!h olarit+ and dilute eans relati*el+ lo; olarit+.

1". =escri#e the difference #et;een a stron! and ;eak acid @p 121812$. Fse t;o eCaples and ;riteeDuations to support +our ans;er. =escri#e their relati*e conducti*ities.

A stron! acid copletel+ ionizes and a ;eak acid partiall+ ionizes.

1$. =escri#e a situation ;here a stron! acid ;ould ha*e the sae conducti*it+ as a ;eak acid @hintE think

a#out concentration.

A ;eak acid could ha*e a hi!h olarit+ and the stron! acid could ha*e a lo; olarit+.

'oplete this ;orksheet for neCt period. %ead pa!es 19812 for hoe;ork.

WS # Con'ugate Acid(Base Pairs

'oplete each acid reaction. )a#el each reactant or product as an acid or #ase. T

Documents

Workbook - Acids