Wording questionsWording questions

Write questions to find out Write questions to find out which policy is favored by the which policy is favored by the Belgian people in the US-Iraq Belgian people in the US-Iraq

conflictconflict Response scaleResponse scale

0 Don’t agree0 Don’t agree 1 Rather don’t agree1 Rather don’t agree 2 Rather agree2 Rather agree 3 Agree3 Agree

Ask questions that indicate whether Ask questions that indicate whether people prefer a diplomatic or a military people prefer a diplomatic or a military approach approach

Critical thinkingCritical thinking Is question worded clearly?Is question worded clearly? Opinion or belief >< FactOpinion or belief >< Fact No double barrelNo double barrel Do answers to the question help to Do answers to the question help to

answer the research question?answer the research question? Can you expect the question to Can you expect the question to

discriminate well?discriminate well? No overlapNo overlap

0 = OK, 1= wording, 2 = Fact, 3 = Dbl Barrel 0 = OK, 1= wording, 2 = Fact, 3 = Dbl Barrel , ,

4 = Irrelevant, 5 = Discrimination, 6 = 4 = Irrelevant, 5 = Discrimination, 6 = OverlapOverlap

President Bush's current policies are President Bush's current policies are satisfactory.satisfactory.

44

It is important to conduct weapon It is important to conduct weapon inspections in Iraq.inspections in Iraq.

4,54,5

Iraq's repeated violations of U.N. orders Iraq's repeated violations of U.N. orders are a reason for military action.are a reason for military action.

00

Saddam Hussein is a threat to the world Saddam Hussein is a threat to the world peace.peace.

5, 4, 25, 4, 2

0 = OK, 1= wording, 2 = Fact, 3 = Dbl Barrel 0 = OK, 1= wording, 2 = Fact, 3 = Dbl Barrel , ,

4 = Irrelevant, 5 = Discrimination4 = Irrelevant, 5 = DiscriminationThe Gulf War was a mistake.The Gulf War was a mistake. 1,2,41,2,4

A possible attack on Iraq is only a mere A possible attack on Iraq is only a mere cover for Bush's failing economic cover for Bush's failing economic policies.policies.

2, 32, 3

The US is too dominant in world affairs. The US is too dominant in world affairs. 44

Other countries follow the US out of fear. Other countries follow the US out of fear. 22

Tony Blair should leave Europe out of Tony Blair should leave Europe out of this.this.

0 = OK, 1= wording, 2 = Fact, 3 = Dbl Barrel 0 = OK, 1= wording, 2 = Fact, 3 = Dbl Barrel , ,

4 = Irrelevant, 5 = Discrimination4 = Irrelevant, 5 = DiscriminationThere needs to be a new attack There needs to be a new attack against Iraq.against Iraq.

0,10,1

Bush should undergo a government Bush should undergo a government policy reform. policy reform.

1, 41, 4

US and Iraq should resolve their issues US and Iraq should resolve their issues diplomatically.diplomatically.

00

US should refrain from involving itself in US should refrain from involving itself in Iraq’s affairsIraq’s affairs

44

US should not make global decisions US should not make global decisions without full UN support.without full UN support.

44

0 = OK, 1= wording, 2 = Fact, 3 = Dbl Barrel 0 = OK, 1= wording, 2 = Fact, 3 = Dbl Barrel , ,

4 = Irrelevant, 5 = Discrimination4 = Irrelevant, 5 = DiscriminationIraq should allow weapon inspectors to Iraq should allow weapon inspectors to enter.enter.

US should undergo rigorous weapon US should undergo rigorous weapon control.control.

Bush’s IQ test results should be made Bush’s IQ test results should be made public!public!

It’s all Bush Sr.´s fault!It’s all Bush Sr.´s fault!

Saddam should brush his teeth.Saddam should brush his teeth.

0 = OK, 1= wording, 2 = Fact, 3 = Dbl Barrel 0 = OK, 1= wording, 2 = Fact, 3 = Dbl Barrel , ,

4 = Irrelevant, 5 = Discrimination4 = Irrelevant, 5 = DiscriminationThe motives of the American government to The motives of the American government to invade Iraq are of a financial natureinvade Iraq are of a financial nature

Discontinuing humanitarian aid to the Iraqi Discontinuing humanitarian aid to the Iraqi people will pressure the Iraqi government to people will pressure the Iraqi government to conform to UN demandsconform to UN demands

The EU should give unconditional support to an The EU should give unconditional support to an US decision to invade IraqUS decision to invade Iraq

Iraq poses a real threat to peace and stability of Iraq poses a real threat to peace and stability of the USthe US

I trust the American government to make a I trust the American government to make a rational decisionrational decision

0 = OK, 1= wording, 2 = Fact, 3 = Dbl Barrel 0 = OK, 1= wording, 2 = Fact, 3 = Dbl Barrel , ,

4 = Irrelevant, 5 = Discrimination4 = Irrelevant, 5 = DiscriminationMilitary action against Iraq is way by which the Military action against Iraq is way by which the American government intends to replace the American government intends to replace the oppressive current regimeoppressive current regime

Saddam Hussein has the right refuse weapon Saddam Hussein has the right refuse weapon inspectors in Iraq inspectors in Iraq

A diplomatic approach and solution is still A diplomatic approach and solution is still possiblepossible

A dialog with Iraq's neighboring countries would A dialog with Iraq's neighboring countries would help to find a solution to this crisishelp to find a solution to this crisis

I am decently informed about the Iraqi situation I am decently informed about the Iraqi situation

0 = OK, 1= wording, 2 = Fact, 3 = Dbl Barrel 0 = OK, 1= wording, 2 = Fact, 3 = Dbl Barrel , ,

4 = Irrelevant, 5 = Discrimination4 = Irrelevant, 5 = DiscriminationBush can justify a military action against Iraq.Bush can justify a military action against Iraq.

The United Nations should get actively involved The United Nations should get actively involved in actions against Iraq.in actions against Iraq.

The European Union should not follow Great The European Union should not follow Great Britain in supporting U.S. strategies.Britain in supporting U.S. strategies.

It is not right to interfere in internal affairs of a It is not right to interfere in internal affairs of a Sovereign Country, therefore it is not right to Sovereign Country, therefore it is not right to attack Iraq.attack Iraq.

The European Union, Russia, and the United The European Union, Russia, and the United States should unite to fight against terrorism States should unite to fight against terrorism and secure world peace.and secure world peace.

0 = OK, 1= wording, 2 = Fact, 3 = Dbl Barrel 0 = OK, 1= wording, 2 = Fact, 3 = Dbl Barrel , ,

4 = Irrelevant, 5 = Discrimination4 = Irrelevant, 5 = DiscriminationThe Bush Administration wants to remove The Bush Administration wants to remove Saddam Hussein now only because they failed Saddam Hussein now only because they failed to do so at the end of the Gulf War.to do so at the end of the Gulf War.

NATO should get involved.NATO should get involved.

The E.U. should hold a referendum if they The E.U. should hold a referendum if they should support the U.S. or not.should support the U.S. or not.

Russia should take a stronger standpoint in Russia should take a stronger standpoint in their views towards Iraq.their views towards Iraq.

Bush is being too dominant in the UNBush is being too dominant in the UN

0 = OK, 1= wording, 2 = Fact, 3 = Dbl Barrel 0 = OK, 1= wording, 2 = Fact, 3 = Dbl Barrel , ,

4 = Irrelevant, 5 = Discrimination4 = Irrelevant, 5 = DiscriminationOther European countries should Other European countries should support Bushsupport Bush

Saddam threatens world peaceSaddam threatens world peace

An attack on Saddam would be for the An attack on Saddam would be for the good of the worldgood of the world

US reasons for an attack are justifiedUS reasons for an attack are justified

I support an attack on IraqI support an attack on Iraq

0 = OK, 1= wording, 2 = Fact, 3 = Dbl Barrel 0 = OK, 1= wording, 2 = Fact, 3 = Dbl Barrel , ,

4 = Irrelevant, 5 = Discrimination4 = Irrelevant, 5 = DiscriminationI support the politic of G.W. Bush about IraqI support the politic of G.W. Bush about Iraq

The US can only invade Iraq with the support of The US can only invade Iraq with the support of UNUN

If the US invades Iraq it could cause If the US invades Iraq it could cause World War-IIIWorld War-III

Iraq is helping the Iraq is helping the al-Qaedaal-Qaeda network of Bin network of Bin LadenLaden

Iraq would do better without Saddam HusseinIraq would do better without Saddam Hussein

0 = OK, 1= wording, 2 = Fact, 3 = Dbl Barrel 0 = OK, 1= wording, 2 = Fact, 3 = Dbl Barrel , ,

4 = Irrelevant, 5 = Discrimination4 = Irrelevant, 5 = DiscriminationEurope should support the US no matter Europe should support the US no matter whatwhat

Is it necessary for the alliance to invade Is it necessary for the alliance to invade IraqIraq

Saddam Hussein has nuclear weaponsSaddam Hussein has nuclear weapons

Iraq supports terrorismIraq supports terrorism

Saddam Hussein is a threat to his Saddam Hussein is a threat to his people and neighborspeople and neighbors

0 = OK, 1= wording, 2 = Fact, 3 = Dbl Barrel 0 = OK, 1= wording, 2 = Fact, 3 = Dbl Barrel , ,

4 = Irrelevant, 5 = Discrimination4 = Irrelevant, 5 = DiscriminationIraq is a threat to the United StatesIraq is a threat to the United States

Saddam Hussein could be a threat to Saddam Hussein could be a threat to Europe securityEurope security

Sending the UN inspectors will be usefulSending the UN inspectors will be useful

Military action is needed to resolve this Military action is needed to resolve this issueissue

We must support American actionWe must support American action

0 = OK, 1= wording, 2 = Fact, 3 = Dbl Barrel 0 = OK, 1= wording, 2 = Fact, 3 = Dbl Barrel , ,

4 = Irrelevant, 5 = Discrimination4 = Irrelevant, 5 = DiscriminationThere is a link between the economic recession There is a link between the economic recession and the issue in Iraqand the issue in Iraq

Europe should have a common position with Europe should have a common position with regards to Saddam Hussein and Iraqregards to Saddam Hussein and Iraq

to what extent do you agree with Bush´s to what extent do you agree with Bush´s decision to bomb Iraqdecision to bomb Iraq

to what extent do you agree with the opinion to what extent do you agree with the opinion that it is too late to allow U.N. inspectorthat it is too late to allow U.N. inspector

war is the best way to fight international war is the best way to fight international terrorism, give your judgmentterrorism, give your judgment

0 = OK, 1= wording, 2 = Fact, 3 = Dbl Barrel 0 = OK, 1= wording, 2 = Fact, 3 = Dbl Barrel , ,

4 = Irrelevant, 5 = Discrimination4 = Irrelevant, 5 = DiscriminationSaddam´s Iraq poses a threat to international Saddam´s Iraq poses a threat to international security, give your judgmentsecurity, give your judgment

the U.S. have the responsibility to sanction Iraqi the U.S. have the responsibility to sanction Iraqi government’s violation of U.N. charter, give government’s violation of U.N. charter, give your judgmentyour judgment

the U.S. have the moral right to intervene in a the U.S. have the moral right to intervene in a question regarding production of mass question regarding production of mass destruction weapons, give your judgmentdestruction weapons, give your judgment

the European Union should get involved in this the European Union should get involved in this affair, give you judgmentaffair, give you judgment

U.S. allies should support U.S. military action in U.S. allies should support U.S. military action in any circumstance, give your judgmentany circumstance, give your judgment

0 = OK, 1= wording, 2 = Fact, 3 = Dbl Barrel 0 = OK, 1= wording, 2 = Fact, 3 = Dbl Barrel , ,

4 = Irrelevant, 5 = Discrimination4 = Irrelevant, 5 = Discriminationthe economic aspects of this war appear to the economic aspects of this war appear to overcome the political ones, give your judgmentovercome the political ones, give your judgment

if Belgium intervenes in the war i will actively if Belgium intervenes in the war i will actively protest against the decision, to what extent do protest against the decision, to what extent do you share this viewyou share this view

Do you agree with Bush's refusal to proceed Do you agree with Bush's refusal to proceed with the weapon inspection?with the weapon inspection?

Do you agree that the military intervention can Do you agree that the military intervention can provoke even greater conflict in the region?provoke even greater conflict in the region?

Only the military means can solve the conflict.Only the military means can solve the conflict.

0 = OK, 1= wording, 2 = Fact, 3 = Dbl Barrel 0 = OK, 1= wording, 2 = Fact, 3 = Dbl Barrel , ,

4 = Irrelevant, 5 = Discrimination4 = Irrelevant, 5 = DiscriminationThe US has a legitimate reason to intervene.The US has a legitimate reason to intervene.

Should the EU support the US military action in Should the EU support the US military action in Iraq?Iraq?

Have you followed the entire conflict between Have you followed the entire conflict between Iraq and the US since the beginning?Iraq and the US since the beginning?

The US foreign policy regarding Iraq?The US foreign policy regarding Iraq?

0 = OK, 1= wording, 2 = Fact, 3 = Dbl Barrel 0 = OK, 1= wording, 2 = Fact, 3 = Dbl Barrel , ,

4 = Irrelevant, 5 = Discrimination4 = Irrelevant, 5 = Discriminationif Belgium decided to follow US policies against if Belgium decided to follow US policies against Iraq?Iraq?

Iraq sabotaged the sites before allowing the UN Iraq sabotaged the sites before allowing the UN to inspect them?to inspect them?

Louis Michel doesn't think we should go to war Louis Michel doesn't think we should go to war with Iraq?with Iraq?

Does Saddam Hussein need to be replaced?Does Saddam Hussein need to be replaced?

the US wants to go to war alone if necessary?the US wants to go to war alone if necessary?

0 = OK, 1= wording, 2 = Fact, 3 = Dbl Barrel 0 = OK, 1= wording, 2 = Fact, 3 = Dbl Barrel , ,

4 = Irrelevant, 5 = Discrimination4 = Irrelevant, 5 = DiscriminationNATO should be involved?NATO should be involved?

They should wait for the UN inspectors to finish They should wait for the UN inspectors to finish visiting the sites before doing anything?visiting the sites before doing anything?

NATO forces should interfere in countries NATO forces should interfere in countries where there is nuclear threat.where there is nuclear threat.

Saddam Hussein's policy is unacceptable for Saddam Hussein's policy is unacceptable for democratic countries and his regime should be democratic countries and his regime should be ceased.ceased.

Should Iraq reveal its supporting actions Should Iraq reveal its supporting actions

towards towards al-Qaedaal-Qaeda..

0 = OK, 1= wording, 2 = Fact, 3 = Dbl Barrel 0 = OK, 1= wording, 2 = Fact, 3 = Dbl Barrel , ,

4 = Irrelevant, 5 = Discrimination4 = Irrelevant, 5 = DiscriminationSaddam Hussein should allow the UN Saddam Hussein should allow the UN inspectors to investigate weapons in Iraq.inspectors to investigate weapons in Iraq.

Iraq is to be considered a very dangerous Iraq is to be considered a very dangerous country.country.

Iraq is to be considered a very dangerous Iraq is to be considered a very dangerous country.country.

Sanctions should be lifted if Iraq allows the UN Sanctions should be lifted if Iraq allows the UN inspectors to investigate.inspectors to investigate.

0 = OK, 1= wording, 2 = Fact, 3 = Dbl Barrel 0 = OK, 1= wording, 2 = Fact, 3 = Dbl Barrel , ,

4 = Irrelevant, 5 = Discrimination4 = Irrelevant, 5 = DiscriminationPresident Bush's policies about military action President Bush's policies about military action consider Europe's interestsconsider Europe's interests

Military action in Iraq would be disruptive to the Military action in Iraq would be disruptive to the Middle East.Middle East.

Sanctions should be lifted in Iraq if Saddam Sanctions should be lifted in Iraq if Saddam Hussein allows UN inspectors to investigate.Hussein allows UN inspectors to investigate.

President Bush's policies about military action President Bush's policies about military action consider Europe's interests.consider Europe's interests.

Failing to allow UN inspectors into the country Failing to allow UN inspectors into the country is a justifiable reason to attack Iraq.is a justifiable reason to attack Iraq.

0 = OK, 1= wording, 2 = Fact, 3 = Dbl Barrel 0 = OK, 1= wording, 2 = Fact, 3 = Dbl Barrel , ,

4 = Irrelevant, 5 = Discrimination4 = Irrelevant, 5 = DiscriminationTony Blair is right in supporting Bush.Tony Blair is right in supporting Bush.

Bush's main interest in Iraq is oilBush's main interest in Iraq is oil

Military action in the Iraq would be disruptive to Military action in the Iraq would be disruptive to the Middle East.the Middle East.

Louis Michel should not let himself be Louis Michel should not let himself be influenced by Tony Blairinfluenced by Tony Blair

The War on Terror justifies democracied The War on Terror justifies democracied removing regimes that are considered a threat.removing regimes that are considered a threat.

Moreover …Moreover … You need an introductionYou need an introduction Question order may trigger response Question order may trigger response

biasbias Length of questionnaire needs to Length of questionnaire needs to

balance reliability / response balance reliability / response motivation / …motivation / …

Lay-out may help in keeping up the Lay-out may help in keeping up the motivation, support easy responding, …motivation, support easy responding, …

……