Word Definition Formula Shorthand Formula

Units Picture/Symbol

Force Push or PullNewton’s 2nd

Law of Motion

Force = Mass X Acceleration

F = m x a Newtons(N)

Momentum

Amount of motion an object has

Momentum = Mass X Velocity

M = m x v g · m/s

Speed Distance traveled

over time

Speed = Distance/Time

s = d/t m/s

Velocity Speed in a given

direction

Velocity = Distance/Time +

Direction (N, S, E, W)

v = d/t + direction

m/s + N, S, E, or W

Acceleration

When an object

speeds up (+), slows

down (-), or changes direction.

Acceleration = Velocity Final –

Velocity Initial / Time

A = Vf-Vi/T m/s/s or

m/s2

Force

• Push or Pull

• Newton’s 2nd Law of Motion

• Force = Mass X Acceleration

• F = m x a

• Newtons (N)

Momentum

• Amount of motion an object has

• Momentum = Mass X Velocity

• M = m x v

• g · m/s

Speed

• Distance traveled over time

• Speed = Distance/Time

• s = d/t

• m/s

Velocity

• Speed in a given direction

• Velocity = Distance/Time + Direction (North, South, East, or West)

• v = d/t + direction

• m/s + N, S, E, or W

Acceleration

• When an object speeds up (+), slows down (-), or changes direction.

• Acceleration = (Velocity Final – Velocity Initial) / Timeor (Final Speed – Initial Speed) / Time

or ▲V/T or ▲S/T

• A = (Vf-Vi)/T

• m/s/s or m/s2

Forces

Newton’s Laws of Motion

Newton’s 1st Law of Motion

AKA: Law of INERTIA &The SEAT BELT Law

An object at REST will remain at REST & an object in MOTION will remain in MOTION…

UNLESS acted upon by an outside FORCE!

Ex) Wearing your seat belt prevents you from going through the windshield at 60mph because it is the outside force that

stops you!

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Newton’s 2nd Law of Motion

AKA: The Law of ACCELERATION

The acceleration of an object depends on the MASS of the object and the FORCE applied.

F = M x A

INCREASE FORCE = INCREASE ACCELERATION

__ F = __ A

Directly Proportional!Going in the SAME direction!

DECREASE FORCE = DECREASE

ACCELERATION

__ F = __ A

INCREASE MASS = DECREASE ACCELERATION

__ M = __ A

Inversely Proportional!Opposites of Each Other!

DECREASE MASS = INCREASE

ACCELERATION __ M = __ A

Ex) Rolling chair for Force & Acceleration

Ex) Elephant and the mouse for Mass & Acceleration

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Newton’s 3rd Law of Motion

AKA: The Action/Reaction Law

For every ACTION there is an = but opposite REACTION

Action = Reaction

= and opposite forces

Forces occur in pairs

Ex) Book pushes down on desk and desk pushes up on book with an equal but opposite force!

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Let’s Practice

Which Law is Which?1. For every ACTION there is an = but opposite

REACTIONNewton’s 3rd Law2. Law of INERTIANewton’s 1st Law

3. Wearing your seat belt prevents you from going through the windshield at 60mph b/c it is the

outside force that stops you!Newton’s 1st Law

4. F = M x ANewton’s 2nd Law

5. Action = ReactionNewton’s 3rd Law

6. INCREASE FORCE = INCREASE ACCELERATION

Newton’s 2nd Law7. An object at REST will remain at REST & an object

in MOTION will remain in MOTION…UNLESS acted upon by an outside FORCE!

Newton’s 1st Law

8. Ex) Book pushes down on desk and desk pushes up on book with an equal but opposite force!

Newton’s 3rd Law9. The DOMINO Law

Newton’s 3rd Law10. Ex) Rolling chair for Force & Acceleration

Newton’s 2nd Law 11.

Newton’s 1st Law

12. The Law of ACCELERATIONNewton’s 2nd Law

13. The acceleration of an object depends on the MASS of the object and the FORCE applied.

Newton’s 2nd Law14. = and opposite forces

Newton’s 3rd Law15. DECREASE MASS = INCREASE ACCELERATION

Newton’s 2nd Law16. The SEAT BELT LAW

Newton’s 1st Law

17)

Newton’s 2nd Law18) Forces Act in Pairs

Newton’s 3rd Law 19)

vs.Newton’s 2nd Law

20)

Newton’s 3rd Law

• Who is the founder of the Laws of Motion?• Sir Isaac Newton!