Woodrow Wilson’s Woodrow Wilson’s Missionary DiplomacyMissionary Diplomacy

How did it influence America’s How did it influence America’s actions in the Mexican actions in the Mexican

Revolution?Revolution?

Missionary DiplomacyMissionary Diplomacy Idealized by Woodrow WilsonIdealized by Woodrow Wilson An unwritten addition to Monroe An unwritten addition to Monroe

DoctrineDoctrine Targeted Latin American countriesTargeted Latin American countries

Missionary DiplomacyMissionary Diplomacy

Stated that American government Stated that American government has responsibility to deny recognition has responsibility to deny recognition to any Latin American government to any Latin American government that is viewed as oppressive, that is viewed as oppressive, undemocratic, or hostile to U.S. undemocratic, or hostile to U.S. interestsinterests

Prior to this policy, the U.S. Prior to this policy, the U.S. recognized any government that recognized any government that controlled a nationcontrolled a nation

Missionary DiplomacyMissionary Diplomacy

Wilson’s desire to help Latin Wilson’s desire to help Latin American countries was based in American countries was based in Christian duty as much as business Christian duty as much as business obligationsobligations

American investments as well as American investments as well as protecting American citizens lead protecting American citizens lead Wilson administration to interfere in Wilson administration to interfere in Mexican RevolutionMexican Revolution

The Mexican RevolutionThe Mexican Revolution

America had invested in oil wells, America had invested in oil wells, mines, railroads, and ranches in Mexico mines, railroads, and ranches in Mexico under Mexican military ruler Porfirio under Mexican military ruler Porfirio DiazDiaz

Diaz was overthrown by peasants and Diaz was overthrown by peasants and rebels lead by Francisco Maderorebels lead by Francisco Madero

Madero overthrown and murdered by Madero overthrown and murdered by one of his generals, Victoriano Huerta one of his generals, Victoriano Huerta (1911)(1911)

American ResponseAmerican Response

Wilson refused to recognize Huerta Wilson refused to recognize Huerta governmentgovernment

““I will not recognize a government of I will not recognize a government of butchers”—Wilsonbutchers”—Wilson

Wilson stated that the U.S. would not Wilson stated that the U.S. would not get involved in revolution unless get involved in revolution unless American lives and/or property was American lives and/or property was threatenedthreatened

America ResponseAmerica Response

Group of American sailors detained in Group of American sailors detained in Tampico, Mexico in 1914, although Tampico, Mexico in 1914, although released shortly after detainmentreleased shortly after detainment

Wilson ordered troops to occupy Wilson ordered troops to occupy VeracruzVeracruz

During the invasion of American During the invasion of American troops in Veracruz, approximately troops in Veracruz, approximately 200 Mexicans and 18 Americans died200 Mexicans and 18 Americans died

American ResponseAmerican Response

Huerta government fell soon after Huerta government fell soon after American occupation to Victoriano American occupation to Victoriano Carranza, a Mexican Nationalist Carranza, a Mexican Nationalist (1915)(1915)

America quickly recognized Carranza America quickly recognized Carranza governmentgovernment

This recognition angered many This recognition angered many Mexicans, including Francisco Mexicans, including Francisco “Pancho” Villa“Pancho” Villa

““Pancho Villa”Pancho Villa” General under General under

CarranzaCarranza Did not support rule Did not support rule

of Victoriano of Victoriano CarranzaCarranza

Sought to Sought to undermine Carranza undermine Carranza government, as well government, as well as get revenge for as get revenge for U.S support of U.S support of CarranzaCarranza

Villa outwits the U.S.Villa outwits the U.S.

Pancho Villa promised the U.S. Pancho Villa promised the U.S. cooperation, but truthfully was angry cooperation, but truthfully was angry that U.S. recognized Carranza that U.S. recognized Carranza governmentgovernment

Villa killed American miners in Villa killed American miners in Mexico and raided New Mexico and Mexico and raided New Mexico and killed 17 Americans (1916)killed 17 Americans (1916)

U.S. invaded Mexico to capture Villa, U.S. invaded Mexico to capture Villa, but he eluded the U.S. troopsbut he eluded the U.S. troops

Villa outwits the U.S.Villa outwits the U.S.

U.S troops, led by General John U.S troops, led by General John Pershing, were drawn deep into Pershing, were drawn deep into Mexico by the elusive Villa—he was Mexico by the elusive Villa—he was never caughtnever caught

American presence upset Mexican American presence upset Mexican citizens and Carranza government citizens and Carranza government alike and the Mexican government alike and the Mexican government called for U.S. withdrawalcalled for U.S. withdrawal

U.S. didn’t withdraw from Mexico until U.S. didn’t withdraw from Mexico until beginning of U.S. involvement in WWIbeginning of U.S. involvement in WWI