WONDERS OF THE WORLD.ppt

7/27/2019 WONDERS OF THE WORLD.ppt

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WONDERS OF THE

WORLD


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Neuschwanstein Castle


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Neuschwanstein Castle, built for King Ludwig II between 1869 and1886 on a rugged cliff against a scenic mountain backdrop, was intendedto "embody the true spirit of the medieval German castle", as the king wrotein a letter to Richard Wagner. While the building itself replicates the 13th centuryRomanesque style, some of the images of the murals are based on themesfrom Wagnerian operas such as "Tannhuser" and "Lohengrin".

In 1867 Ludwig II visited the recently "rebuilt". Wartburg. Here he waspatricularly inspired by the Singers' Hall, allegedly the location of the legendary"Singers' Contest". The Wartburg and its hall became the leitmotif of the"New Castle". The architect Eduard Riedel also had to process ideas basedon stage sets designed by the Munich scene painter Christian Jank.

The castle was not built as rapidly as the king expected. The project was toocomprehensive and the building site on the mountain presented difficulties. Setdesigners, architects and artisans implemented the king's detailed ideas. Theinconsiderate deadlines he set could sometimes only be met by working day andnight.Thefoundation stone of the "New Castle" was laid on 5 September 1869.The Gateway Building was constructed first, and Ludwig II lived here for a

number of years. The topping-out ceremony for the Palas was not until 1880,and the king moved in in 1884.

When Ludwig II died in 1886, the "New Castle" was still not complete.Work stopped on the keep, the foundations of which can be seen in the "UpperCourtyard". A simplified version of the "Kemenate" on the south side of theUpper Courtyard was completed in 1891.


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Machu Picchu


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Machu Picchu is a 15th-century Inca site located 2,430

metres above sea level. Machu Picchu is located in the CuscoRegion of Peru, South America. It is situated on a mountain ridgeabove the Urubamba Valley in Peru, which is 80 kilometres northwestof Cusco and through which the Urubamba River flows. Mostarchaeologists believe that Machu Picchu was built as an estate forthe Inca emperor Pachacuti (14381472). Often referred to as the"Lost City of the Incas", it is perhaps the most familiar icon of Inca

civilization.The Incas built the estate around 1450, but abandoned it as an

official site for the Inca rulers a century later at the time of the SpanishConquest. Although known locally, it was unknown to the outsideworld before being brought to international attention in 1911 by the

American historian Hiram Bingham. Since then, Machu Picchu has

become an important tourist attraction. Most of the outlying buildingshave been reconstructed in order to give tourists a better idea of whatthe structures originally looked like.By 1976, thirty percent of MachuPicchu had been restored.The restoration work continues to this day.


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Since the site was not known to the Spanish during their conquest,it is highly significant as a relatively intact cultural site. Machu Picchuwas declared a Peruvian Historical Sanctuary in 1981 and

a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1983. In 2007, Machu Picchu wasvoted one of theNew Seven Wonders of the World in a worldwideInternet poll.

Machu Picchu was built in the classical Inca style, withpolished dry-stone walls. Its three primary structures arethe Intihuatana (Hitching post of the Sun), the Temple of the Sun, and

the Room of the Three Windows. These are located in what is known byarchaeologists as the Sacred Districtof Machu Picchu.

Machu Picchu is vulnerable to threats from a variety of sources.While natural phenomena like earthquakes and weather systems canplay havoc with access, the site also suffers from the pressures of toomany tourists. In addition, preservation of the area's cultural and

archaeological heritage is an ongoing concern. Most notably, theremoval of cultural artifacts by the Bingham expeditions in the early 20thcentury gave rise to a long-term dispute between the government ofPeru and the custodian of the artifacts, Yale University.


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Iguazu Falls


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The Iguaz Falls span the border between Argentina and Brazil. Some80 m high and 3 km wide, the falls are made up of many cascades that generatevast sprays of water and produce one of the most spectacular waterfalls in the

world.The vegetation is mostly subtropical wet forest rich in lianas and epithytes,although the forests have less species diversity when compared with others inBrazil and parts of Paraguay. Nonethless, over 2,000 species of vascular planthave been identified. Vegitation around falls is particularly luxuriant due to theconstant spray.

The fauna are typical of the region and include tapir, coati, tamandua,

raccon. The site is particularly rich in bird speices with almost half of Argentina'sbird species found there. Threatened mammals such as the jaguar, ocelot andtiger-cat number among the carnivores, and the giant anteater and Brazilianotter are also found. Primates include the black-capped capuchin and blackhowler monkey. There are also small populations of the endangered broad-nosed caiman and the threatened Brazilian merganser (sawbill duck).

The first inhabitants in the area were the Caingangues Indians. This tribe

was dislodged by the Tupi-Guaranies who coined the name Iguaz (Big Water).The first European to reach the falls was the Spaniard Don Alvar Nues Cabezade Vaca in 1541 and some 10 years later Spanish and Portuguese colonizationcommenced. There are at least two sites of particular archaeological interestwithin the park.


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Tian Tan Buddha


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Tian Tan Buddha, also known as the Big Buddha, is alarge bronze statue of a Buddha Amoghasiddhi, completed in 1993, andlocated at Ngong Ping, Lantau Island, in Hong Kong, China. The statueis located near Po Lin Monastery and symbolises the harmoniousrelationship between man and nature, people and religion. It is a majorcentre of Buddhism in Hong Kong, and is also apopular tourist attraction.

The statue is named Tian Tan Buddha because its base is a modelof the Altar of Heaven or Earthly Mount of Tian Tan, the Temple ofHeaven in Beijing. It is one of the five large Buddha statues in China.The Buddha statue sits on a lotus throne on top of a three-platform altar.It is surrounded by six smaller bronze statues known as "The Offering ofthe Six Devas" and are posed offering flowers, incense, lamp, ointment,fruit, and music to the Buddha. These offerings symbolize charity,morality, patience, zeal, meditation, and wisdom, all of which arenecessary to enter into nirvana.


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The Buddha is 34 metres tall, weighs 250 metric tons , and wasthe world's tallest outdoor bronze seated Buddha prior to 2007. Itreputedly can even be seen from as far away as Macau on a clear

day. Visitors have to climb 240 steps in order to reach the Buddha,though the site also features a small winding road to the Buddha forvehicles to accommodate the handicapped.

The Tian Tan Buddha appears serene and dignified. His righthand is raised, representing the removal of affliction.The Buddha's lefthand rests on his lap in a gesture of giving dhana. The Buddha facesnorth, which is unique among the great Buddha statues, as all othersface south.

In addition, there are 3 floors beneath the Buddha statue: TheHall of Universe, The Hall of Benevolent Merit, and The Hall ofRemembrance. One of the most renowned features inside isa relic of Gautama Buddha, consisting of some of hisalleged cremated remains. Only visitors who purchase an offering for

the Buddha are allowed to see the relic, in order to leave the offeringthere. There is a huge carved bell inscribed with images of Buddhasin the show room. It was designed to ring every seven minutes, 108times a day, symbolising the release of 108 kinds of humanvexations.


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Saint Michael's Mount


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For the municipality in Canada, see Mont-Saint-Michel,Quebec. For the island off the coast of Cornwall, United Kingdom,see St Michael's Mount.

Mont Saint-Michel (English: Saint Michael's Mount) is arocky tidal island 247 acres in size, and is a commune in Normandy,France. It is located approximately one kilometre (just over half amile) off the country's northwestern coast, at the mouth ofthe Couesnon River near Avranches. The island's highest point is 92metres (301 feet) above sea level. The population of the island is 44,as of 2009.

The island has held strategic fortifications since ancient times,and since the eighth century AD has been the seat ofthe monastery from which it draws its name. The structuralcomposition of the town exemplifies the feudal society thatconstructed it. On top God, the abbey and monastery, below thisthe Great halls, then stores and housing, and at the bottom, outside

the walls, fishermen and farmers housing.One of France's most recognisable landmarks, Mont Saint-

Michel and its bay are part of the UNESCO list of World HeritageSites and more than 3 million people visit it each year.


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Taj Mahal


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The Taj Mahal is a white marble mausoleum locatedin Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India. It was built by Mughal emperor Shah

Jahan in memory of his third wife, Mumtaz Mahal. The Taj Mahal iswidely recognized as "the jewel of Muslim art in India and one of theuniversally admired masterpieces of the world's heritage".

Taj Mahal is regarded by many as the finest example of Mughaarchitecture, a style that combines elementsfrom Islamic, Persian, Ottoman Turkish and Indian architecturalstyles.

In 1983, the Taj Mahal became a UNESCO World HeritageSite. While the white domed marble mausoleum is the most familiarcomponent of the Taj Mahal, it is actually an integrated complex ofstructures. The construction began around 1632 and was completedaround 1653, employing thousands of artisans and craftsmen.Theconstruction of the Taj Mahal was entrusted to a board of architects

under imperial supervision, including Abd ul-Karim Ma'mur Khan,Makramat Khan, and Ustad Ahmad Lahauri. Lahauri is generallyconsidered to be the principal designer.


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In this world, we have a lot of wonderful places.

Among these we find the following:

Hanging Gardens from Babylon

Colossus of Rhodes Lighthouse of Alexandria

Labyrinth cook Thynn

Temple of Shiva La Sagrada Familia

and many other place


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Hanging Gardens from Babylon


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Colossus of Rhodes


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Lighthouse of Alexandria


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Labyrinth cook Thynn


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Temple of Shiva


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La Sagrada Familia


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Project drawn up by the pupils:

Cojocaru Roxana

Maxim Roxana Sandu Gabriel

Zancu Sabina

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WONDERS OF THE WORLD.ppt