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Women empowerment, women underrepresentation, பெண் ஏன் அடிமையானாள், பெண் உயர்வு
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Rajasekarakumar Vadapoo
Jeppiaar Engineering College, Chennai on 07/25/2012
Questions
Are women equally represented in our society?
What are the reasons behind the underrepresentation of women in our Society?
From Women's perspective
Underrepresentation!
other than EQUAL Social, Work, Family, etc.
When Women got under representation ?
http://iransnews.wordpress.com/2011/08/30/the-incomplete-story-of-human-evolution/
When …..
Invention of agriculture during the Neolithic Revolution about 11,000 years ago
Ancient Egypt (3100 B.C.) Egyptian women were the equal of men under the law they could own land, manage their own property and
represent themselves in court cases. She could divorce, initiate a lawsuit to recover the assets
of the household and win the case, which did not prevent her from remarrying
There was no dowry there were women in the highest office, (Pharaoh- Palace) It was not rare for women to gain the throne in Ancient
Egypt (Hatsepsut, Neferure, Cleopatra VII (69 BCE to 30 BCE), …)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women_in_Ancient_Egypt#Women.27s_legal_equality_with_men
Present situation
US- Media: TV & radio : 6% female1
Business: fortune 500 CEO’s : 3% female 2
Construction : 1.2 % in UK 3
IT : 28% EU, 8% India (2005),18% south africa5
6% full professors are women @ IISc 4
1 http://www.womensmediacenter.com/press/entry/wmc-calls-on-fcc-to-address-underrepresentation-of-women-people-of-color-me2 http://dowser.org/leveling-the-playing-field-supporting-the-underrepresented-women-in-social-entrepreneurship/ 3 http://www.nrlconstruction.co.uk/index.php/news/141-woman-still-under-represented-in-construction 4 http://nanopolitan.blogspot.in/2006/01/women-in-science-india.html http://anitaborg.org/files/womenhightechworld.pdf
http://trak.in/tags/business/2012/03/03/indian-women-gender-equality-infographic/
Why So Few?- Science, Techology, Engineering and Math (STEM)
Why So Few? Women in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, Catherin Hill, Christianne Corbett and Andresse St. Rose. AAUW, 2010. http://www.aauw.org/learn/research/upload/whysofew.pdf
Women Vs Men- USA in STEM
Why So Few? Women in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, Catherin Hill, Christianne Corbett and Andresse St. Rose. AAUW, 2010. http://www.aauw.org/learn/research/upload/whysofew.pdf
Complementary to each other
STEM- India
http://www.ias.ac.in/womeninscience/INSA_1-17.pdf
STEM employment - India
http://www.ias.ac.in/womeninscience/INSA_1-17.pdf http://www.indiaonlinepages.com/population/india-current-population.html
47% women in India @2012
Present situation-Politics
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women_in_government
Politics….
1 http://www.american.edu/spa/wpi/upload/2012-Men-Rule-Report-web.pdf 2 http://www.dailymail.co.uk/indiahome/indianews/article-2112426/India-ranks-105th-world-womens-representation-politics.html 3 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states
INDIA @ rank 105 in the world- July 2012.2
China @ 60 th Pakistan @ 52nd Bangladesh @ 65th Total no. of Countries in Earth: 207: 193- UN member, 1-observer, 13 disputed states) 3 (195: US state dept.-Taiwan)
1
Politics- In USA Politics: 112th congress @ 2011 : 84% Men & Women 16%
http://www.american.edu/spa/wpi/upload/2012-Men-Rule-Report-web.pdf
Reasons for the Underrepresention
Male domination- some people still hold on to those old ideals
religious and cultural fundamentalisms
Parents/family attitudes
Attitudes and perceptions of individuals
Lack of confidence
http://journeyforfairtrade.blogspot.in/2011/11/womens-empowerment-and-fair-trade.html
What are the problems Women face in workplace? Lack of Role Models
Career Paths
Tough Choices: key life stage: having children –No childcare or part-time residency positions provided by the institution.
A Boy’s Club
Women’s Health
Minority Women: Besides the issues of gender, minority women must also face casteism, racism and prejudice, even, research has shown, from other minority groups.
Fashion & Clothes- West Gabrielle (Coco) Chanel, one of the greatest fashion designers of the 20th century. France(August 19, 1883 – January 10, 1971)
Book: Chanel and Her World by Edmonde Charles-Roux http://www.randomhistory.com/1-50/003clothing.html
18 th century 15 th century
20 th century- 1960’s
21st century
Comfort to wear Made them relax
13 th century
Fashion & Clothes- Tamilnadu
Source: Thanjavur, British Library, wikipedia, tamil blogs
>1800 Rajarajan II & wife 1135- 1165
1870
2010 Re. 21 st Century 1990 ~ 1995
Change of Tamil letters by time!
Place: Nayakkar makal- Madurai
Fashion- Male in Tamilnadu @ 2012
Fashion- Male in Tamilnadu
http://pazhayathu.blogspot.in/2010/05/15-famines-under-british-rule-indians.html http://www.expatica.com/de/news/news_focus/Book-blames-Churchill-for-Indian-famine-that-killed-millions_98999.html http://sribharatamatamandir.org/word/?p=133
1943 1990 2010 Future
1877 chennai
1799
1003-1009 AD
RajaRaja cholan (985-1014) Kattabomman 1877
Women’s Fighting to wear sari in Tamilnadu: 1822-1859
Trividangore Govt. order dated 26, 1859 for allowing Women to Wear sari by covering their chest
http://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/த ோள்_சீலைப்_த ோரோட்டம்
Women who restrain got death sentence Women fought for 37 years
1859
Timeline of Women’s right movement
http://jenmccleary.com/2010/11/womens-rights-timeline-2010/
S.K
Demonstrations!
Struggle of “First woman” in Tamilnadu
Dr. MuthuLakshmi Reddy (1886-1968), Pudukkotai. First (girl student admitted in Men’s college, Woman house
Surgeon, Woman Legislator in British India, Chairperson of the State Social Welfare Advisory Board, Woman Deputy President of the Legislative committee, Alderwoman of the Madras Corporation)
Struggle: At the onset of puberty she was obliged to leave school Application was not welcomed by the principal of the college,
based on sex. Maharaja of Pudukkottai, somehow ignored the objection and
admitted her in the college with scholarship Her Father suggested her to become a school teacher. She entered in to Madras Medical College. In 1912: house surgeon in the Government Hospital for
Women and Children in Chennai Married in 1914 @ age of 28, with Dr. D. T. Sandara Reddy on
the demand that he promised to "always respect her as an equal and never cross her wishes.“
They married in accordance with the 1872 Native Marriage Act
She went to England for higher studies http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muthulakshmi_Reddi
Achievement & Reform work of Dr. Muthulaxmi reddy the President of the All-India Women`s Conference She led the agitation for municipal and legislative franchise for women. Started AWAI home for girl orphans She passed a resolution to establish a special hospital for women and children. She recommended systematic medical inspection of students in schools&
colleges. Bill for the suppression of brothels and immoral trafficking in women and
children Opened home for women & girls rescued from brothels Hostel for Muslim girls & Socially underrepresented girls (SC/ST) Recommended the minimum age for marriage: 21 /16 for boys/girls. Inspired by Gandhi & Periyar E. V. Ramasamy, fighted for the abolision of
Pottukattuthal[ப ோட்டுக்கட்டு ல்]/ thevathasi [த வ ோசி] and aided to ban it.
Open the Canser Research Institute at Adyar, 1952. editor of Roshini, an important journal of AIWC. Book: “My Experience as a Legislature” Award: Padma Bhushan, 1956.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muthulakshmi_Reddi http://www.facebook.com/tamizachi.Author http://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/த வ ோசி _முலை Book: பெண் ஏன் அடிமையானாள்- ப ரியோர். (Why Women become Slave? by Periyar)
How other societies deal with it!
Government and social effort.
Action plan- recovering from drugs
Action Plan for Women's Empowerment. Paris, 2011 Millennia2015: V01 - Women, access to information and to knowledge V02 - Strengthening women capacities V03 - Women in situation of conflict and of war V04 - Women and new participative skills V05 - Climate, ecology and respect of the environment V06 - Change of attitudes about women V07 - Women, religion and obscurantism V08 - Women and eHealth: connected medical knowledge benefiting all V09 - Women, lifelong well-being and pro-activity V10 - Women, cultural and linguistic diversity V12 - Women and girls status, relations between women/men, girls/boys in
family and in society V13 - Women, ethics and sustainable development V14 - Women, poverty and strive for daily survival V16 - Women and girls, lifelong education and training V18 - Key position for women at all power and decision levels V19 - Wom
Why its important for guys?
Ur Parents
U r a Parent
What should women do!
Women should understand their own strength
Come out of their age old ideologies Work together with others who are already
IN Remember “ U HAVE TO FIGHT FOR
YOUR RIGHT” Nothing Comes Easy Right is the one “U HAVE TO EARN IT” Always Remember: “Men of quality respect
Women’s equality”
Believe Nothing, no matter Where you read it, or who said it, no matter if I have said it, unless it agrees with your own reason and Your own common sense - Buddha. எப்ப ோருள் யோர்யோர்வோய்க் தகட் ினும் அப்ப ோருள் பெய்ப்ப ோருள் கோண் ைிவு - குைள்423:அைிவுலடலெ
Some Blogs to read about Feminism in Tamil
http://www.facebook.com/tamizachi.Author
http://linguamadarasi.blogspot.in/
http://saavinudhadugal.blogspot.in/
Acknowledgement
Ms. Monika & Ms. Maduri Kala- Meeting arrangements.
Ms. Sridevi, Mr. Vijay and Mr. Balu- Fruitful discussions.
contact
Question to Women in the Audiance
What you expect from a person (Male)/Society for your uplift?