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Name of presenter :Dr. Yasser Mohawesh*Jordan

Bio-Physical TeamTeam Leader: Eng. Safa MazaherhMembers: Eng. Muhamad Muddaber Eng. Lubna Mahasneh Dr. Nabeel Bani HaniEng. Hamzeh RawashdehSocio-Economic TeamTeam Leader: Dr.Samia AkroushMembers :Eng. Raed BadwanEng. Omama HadidiEng. Malik Abo Roman*

II.1 Livelihood assessment

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1. Natural assets

Farmer educational level

Chart1

1

#REF!

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1

#REF!

Chart3

25.4

14.2

18.7

31.3

4.5

6

Whole sample

Sheet1

ItemWhole sampleWhole sampleItem

Illiterate25.425.41. Illiterate

Elementary14.214.22. Elementary

Intermediary18.718.73. Intermediary

Secondary31.331.34. Secondary

Diploma4.54.55. Diploma

University degree666. University degree

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3. Financial capital

3. Financial capital.cont

4. Social capital

5. Physical capital

II.2 Livestock characterization

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Livestock production systems for whole sample

Chart1

6.742.7

77.5368.6

15.7328.7

% of farmers

% of total sheep population

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6.742.7

77.5368.6

15.7328.7

% of farmers

% of total sheep population

Production System

Farmers and animal %

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Production system% of farmers% of total sheep population

Intensive6.742.7

Semi intensive77.5368.6

Nomadic15.7328.7

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Average total cost of livestock watering and average quantity consumed per year for the whole sample .

Water Sources for livestock in rangeland areas.

III.1 Main problems and challenges facing farmers at the site/region level

Constraints in livestock production :DiseasesGrazingMortality ,Milk droughtFeed shortageHigh prices of veterinary servicesLack of medicineHigh cost of feed sourcesWater shortageHigh cost of waterMarketing problems*

III.2 Promising techniques to improve livelihoods (water/soil/crop/social)

Water harvesting techniques Improve the vegetation coverIntroduce new species of shrubs.Selection and testing of productive, drought tolerant plant varieties Improvement of dry land farming systems (barley, wheat, forages, legumes).Research on existing livestock breeds and ways for improvement .*

III.3 Indicators to evaluate the performance of human development at the benchmark site

Baseline informationYield (kg/du)2. Net Return JD/ du3. Feeding cost JD/head4.Total income and per capita income5. Livestock water cost6.Water productivity (WP Kg /M3 )*

Site name: Badia Benchmark site in Jordan

Region:Site area located in Amman governorate

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I.1 General InformationMuhareb watershed is located in the north middle parts of Jordan and occupies around 60 Km2. The watershed lies within the xeric-aridic transitional moisture regime.precipitation range is: from 100 to 150mm. lies within the grassland steppe vegetation zone. Barley is grown in the valley bottom alluvium where the moisture from the limited rainfall is augmented by run-off from the hillslopes. Dominant species are Anabasis and Poa .Frequent grazing keeps vegetation growth close to the soil surface.

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*Biophysical Characterization of Muhareb watershed

Purpose:The purpose of the watershed characterization is to provide data for the selection of sites that are suitable for various water harvesting interventions.

*Muhareb watershed was chosen out of 226 watersheds to represent the Badia zone in Jordan to carry out the project activities and outscale the results to other similar areas within Jordan and outside the country.

*Methodology

Data Collection :The data were delivered from various sources and various formats

Available DataDerived dataData collected in the field

*AVIALABLE DATA Data from the Royal Jordanian Geographic Center (RJGC) Digital Elevation Model (DEM) (20 meter interval)Contour map elevation dataStreamlines mapNote :scale 1:50000

*Cadastral map for Muhareb watershed

Cadastral data will be used for many purposes:

The area of each parcel was used to identify suitable land for water harvesting as criteria for the selections. to identify the owner(s) of the land for those suitable land for each water harvesting intervention. To provide the socio-economic team with this information to approach the relevant owner(s) to start the negotiation about the implementation stage.

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Derived data

Data derived from topographic information

The purpose of this subdivision is :to facilitate the selection of suitable watersheds within the whole watershed to undertake special water harvesting interventions, such as small dams and Hafair. to be used extensively in the hydrological analysis for each watershed.watershed was subdivided into sub-watersheds visually using contour lines and stream lines

*Slope map was derived from the DEM. The slope units were used as the basic units to derive suitability map.slope steepness is one of the most important criteria for the selection and implementation of water harvesting interventions.

*Data collected in the fieldmain limitation: detailed information about the soil in the investigated area is absent.The alternative was the collection of field observations where only relevant soil and site properties were recorded.A grid of uniform sampling (500m) was used.

*The following parameters were recorded for each field observation:Slope steepness % : Stoniness percentage: If the land is covered by stone, gravels or boulders . Vegetation type:Natural vegetation or cultivated Vegetation cover percent:Estimate the density of coverage: poor, medium or denseTexture of the surface horizon.Limiting depth (cm): Depth to limiting feature; GPS coordinates: Easting, Northing and elevation

*Output: suitability map that indicates possible water harvesting option(s) suitable for each mapping

*Surveyor name: Date:Reference point: Easting= Northing= Elevation=

Site serial NoGrid No:Easting UTM=Northing UTM=Elevation=Samples for analyses0-25 takenYes No25-60 takenYes No60-100 takenYes NoSoil depth (cm)= Slope (%)= Sample for bulk density (0-25cm)Taken UntakenSoil structureShape= platy, prismatic, columnar, blockySize = very fine, fine, medium, coarse, very coarseGrade= weak, moderate, strongLand useField crops, orchards, forest, rangeland, irrigated, urban, bare land, others (specify)Vegetation coverType=Percent=TilledNot tilled Stone and RockStone% = Rock% = Erosion typeSheetRillGullyundifferentiatedErosion statussevermoderatelowSite photoPhoto serial number=comments

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Surface layer (0-25)OM =Bulk density=Surface layer (0-25)Total N=Exch. P=pH=Texture 0-25Sand= Silt= Clay= Texture 25-60Sand= Silt= Clay= Texture 60-100Sand= Silt= Clay= Moisture content0-25=25-60=60-100=Moisture content of the bulk density sampleStone content 0-25=25-60=60-100=Data entryFinishedChecked

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I.2 Agro-ecosystem characterizationLand use and vegetationThe area lies wholly within the xeric-aridic transitional moisture regime. Precipitation in the area ranges between 57-275 mm. The selected watershed lies within the grassland steppe vegetation zone.In this area, barley is grown in the valley bottom alluvium, where the moisture from the limited rainfall received is augmented by runoff from the hillsides. The dominant species in the area are those of the Anabasis and Poa genera.*

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Land Use grassland steppe with some Artemisia herba-alba steppeDescribe the land use (crops, forest, pasture, etc)cropsCereals, BarleyNatural grassesNeatunSheihAdoFarasAnabasis, PoaAnabasis SyriacultivationTilled, FallowArea % Field Crops19.25Non_vegetated80.75

*Vegetation cover of Muhareb catchmentLand use/land cover of Muhareb catchment

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III.4 Feed-the-Future (FTF) development indicators

prevalence of poverty: percent of people living less than $ 1.25/dayGross margin per unit of land or animal of selected productNumber of additional hectares under water harvesting technologies as a result of Project assistantNumber of farmers who have adopted water harvesting technologiesNumber of hectares of farmland registered in the name of userNumber of Jobs attributed to project implementationNumber of income generating activities for households

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Ministry of Agriculture (MOA)National Center for Agricultural Research and Extension (NCARE)Municipality Cooperatives Farmers / women farmers

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