wkÿvi b~¨bZg gvb - INEE

wkÿvi b~¨bZg gvbcÖ¯‘wZ, mvov`vb, c~e©ve¯’vq cÖZ¨veZ©‡bi cÖ‡Póv

Afxó jÿÏNEE Ggb GKwU Db¥y³ AvšÍR©vwZK †bUIqvK© †hLv‡b AbykxjbKvix Ges bxwZwba©viYKvixiv `y‡h©vMRwbZ Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z Ges `y‡h©vM cieZ©x cybe©vmbK‡í mKj gvby‡li gvbm¤§Z wkÿvi AwaKvi Ges wbivc` wkLb cwi‡ek wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ GKm‡½ KvR Ki‡Q| www.ineesite.org

INEE Coordinator for Minimum Standards and Network Toolsc/o UNICEF-Education Section, 7th floor3 United Nations PlazaNew York, NY 10017USA

[email protected]/toolkit

wkÿvi b~¨bZg gvbcÖ¯‘wZ, mvov`vb, c~e©ve¯’vq cÖZ¨veZ‡©bi cÖ‡Póv

Afxó jÿÏNEE Ggb GKwU Db¥y³ AvšÍR©vwZK †bUIqvK© †hLv‡b AbykxjbKvix Ges bxwZwba©viYKvixiv `y‡h©vMRwbZ Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z Ges `y‡h©vM cieZ©x cybe©vmbK‡í mKj gvby‡li gvbm¤§Z wkÿvi AwaKvi Ges wbivc` wkLb cwi‡ek wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ GKm‡½ KvR Ki‡Q| www.ineesite.org

INEE Coordinator for Minimum Standards and Network Toolsc/o UNICEF-Education Section, 7th floor3 United Nations PlazaNew York, NY 10017USA

[email protected]/toolkit

wkÿvi b~¨bZg gvbcÖ¯‘wZ, mvov`vb, c~e©ve¯’vq cÖZ¨veZ‡©bi cÖ‡Póv

The Inter-Agency Network For Education in Emergencies (INEE) Ggb GKwU Db¥y³ AvšÍR©vwZK †bUIqvK© †hLv‡b AbykxjbKvix Ges bxwZwba©viYKvixiv `y‡h©vMRwbZ Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z Ges `y‡h©vM cieZ©x cybe©vmbK‡í mKj gvby‡li gvbm¤§Z wkÿvi AwaKvi Ges wbivc` wkLb cwi‡ek wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ GKm‡½ KvR Ki‡Q| INEE-Gi w÷qvwis MÖæc GB †bUIqv‡K©i †bZ…Z¡ I wb‡`©kbv w`‡”Q| †Kqvi, PvBì dvÛ, B›Uvib¨vkbvj †imwKD KwgwU (IRC) wiwdDwR GWy‡Kkb Uªv÷, (RET), †mf `¨v wPj‡Wªb, I‡cb †mvmvBwU BÝwUwUDU (OSI), BD‡b‡¯‹v (UNESCO), BDGbGBPwmAvi (UNHCR), BDwb‡md (UNICEF) Ges wek¦e¨vsK (World Bank) n‡jv GB w÷qvwis MÖæ‡ci m`m¨|

INEE b~¨bZg gv‡bi Kvh©wbe©vnx `‡ji m`mïv wkÿvi b~¨bZg gvb: cÖ¯‘wZ, mvov`vb I c~e©ve¯’vq cÖZ¨veZ‡©bi cÖ‡Póv wek¦e¨vcx ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ KvR K‡i hv‡”Q| INEE Kvh©wbe©vnx `‡j 19wU msMVb i‡q‡Q| G‡ì meviB Ø›Ø-msNvZ Ges `y‡h©vMgq cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿv wb‡q KvR Kivi AwfÁZv i‡q‡Q| GKv‡Wgx di GWy‡Kkbvj †W‡fjc‡g›U (AED), G¨Kkb GBW, Av‡gwiKvb BÝwUwUDU Ae wimvP© (AIR), †ewmK GWz‡Kkb di AvdMvb wiwdDwRm (BEFARe), w` †dvivg di Avwd«Kvb I‡gb GWy‡Kkbvwjó (FAWE), wRwU‡RW (GTZ), w` B›Uvib¨vkbvj †imwKD KwgwU (IRC), gvwfK¨v‡jm †mvk¨vj A¨vwmm‡UÝ A¨vÛ P¨vwiwU G‡mvwm‡qkb, biI‡q G‡RwÝ di †W‡fjc‡g›U (NORAD), biI‡q wiwdDwR KvDwÝj (NRC), A·d¨vg bwfe, cø¨vb B›Uvib¨vkbvj, †mf `¨v wPj‡Wªb, BD‡b‡¯‹v, BDGbGBPwmAvi, BDwb‡md, Iqvi PvBì© nj¨vÛ, Iqvì© GWy‡Kkb, ZOA wiwdDwR †Kqvi GB 19wU ms¯’v wb‡q INEEÕi Kvh©wbe©vnx `j MwVZ| INEE 41 wUiI †ewk G‡RwÝ, cÖwZôvb I ms¯’vi Kv‡Q K…ZÁ| Giv INEEÕi cÖwZôvjMœ †_‡K wewfbœfv‡e mvnvh¨ Ki‡Q| INEE m¤ú‡K© we¯ÍvwiZ Rvbvi Rb¨ wfwRU Kiæb: www.ineesite.org

Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿvi Rb¨ †h mKj AvMÖnx e¨w³ I msMVb wkÿvi ev¯Íevqb, mnvqZv I cÖPvi Pvwj‡q _v‡Kb Zv‡ì Rb¨ INEE Db¥y³| AvMÖnx e¨w³MY m`m¨ nIqvi Rb¨ INEEÕi I‡qemvB‡U ìLv¯Í (Sign up) Ki‡Z cv‡ib www.ineesite.org/join| m`m¨ n‡Z †Kvb evav †bB A_ev m`m¨ nIqvi Rb¨ †Kvb wd w`‡Z nq bv| AviI we¯ÍvwiZ Rvbvi Rb¨ Avcwb wfwRU Ki‡Z cv‡ib www.ineesite.org A_ev Avcwb †hvMv‡hvM Ki‡Z cv‡ib INEE Coordinator for Minimum Stan-

dard Gi m‡½| †hvMv‡hv‡Mi wVKvbv [email protected].

cÖ_g ms¯‹iY : INEE (C) 2004

cybtgy`ªY : INEE (C) 2006


wØZxq ms¯‹iY : INEE (C) 2010

me©¯^Ë¡ msiwÿZ| Z‡e wkÿvg~jK Kv‡Ri Rb¨ †h †Kv‡bvfv‡e eënvi Kiv hv‡e| G ai‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ eënv‡ii Rb¨ AvbyôvwbK AbygwZi cÖ‡qvRb wKš‘ ¯^vfvweKfv‡e `ªæZ AbygwZ †Ìqv n‡q _v‡K| Ab¨ cvwicvwk¦©K Ae¯’vq cÖwZwjwc, Ab¨ cÖKvkbvq cybteënvi, Abyev` A_ev Awf‡hvRb Kivi Rb¨ ¯^Ë¡vwaKvixi wbKU †_‡K Aek¨B c~e©vbygwZ wb‡Z n‡e|

bKkv: Creatrix Design Group, Canada

cÖ”Q‡ì Qwe: The International Rescue Committee, Save the Children, Oxfam Novib.

m~wPcÎ

wkÿvi b~¨bZg gv‡bi cwiwPwZ: cÖ¯‘wZ, mvov`vb, c~e©ve¯’vq cÖZ¨veZ©‡bi cÖ‡Póv ..... 2

Aa¨vq 1: wfwËgv‡bi cwimi ................................................................. 20KwgDwbwUi AskMÖnYgvb GK : AskMÖnY ...................................................................... 24gvb yB : m¤ú`mg~n .................................................................... 30

mgš^qgvb GK : mgš^q ......................................................................... 33

ch©v‡jvPbvgvb GK : wbiƒcY ......................................................................... 37gvb yB : mvov`v‡bi †KŠkj ........................................................... 43gvb wZb :cwiexÿY ...................................................................... 47gvb Pvi : g~j¨vqb ........................................................................ 50

Aa¨vq 2 : AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek ................................................. 52gvb GK : mgvb AwfMg¨Zv ............................................................. 55gvb yB : myiÿv Ges Kj¨vY ............................................................ 60gvb wZb : my‡hvM-myweav Ges †mevmg~n ............................................... 66

Aa¨vq 3 : wkÿY I wkLb gvb ............................................................... 72gvb GK : wkÿvµg ...................................................................... 75gvb yB : cÖwkÿY, †ckvMZ Dbœqb Ges mnvqZv .................................... 81gvb wZb : wkÿY I wkLb cÖwµqv ....................................................... 84gvb Pvi : wkLb djvdj wbiƒcY ....................................................... 86

Aa¨vq 4 : wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x ...................................................... 88gvb GK : wb‡qvM I wbe©vPb ............................................................ 91gvb yB : Kv‡Ri kZ©vejx .............................................................. 94gvb wZb : mnvqZv I ZË¡veavb ......................................................... 97

Aa¨vq 5: wkÿvbxwZ .......................................................................... 10gvb GK : AvBb I bxwZ cÖYqb ......................................................... 103gvb yB : cwiKíbv I ev¯Íevqb ....................................................... 108

cwiwkómg~n .................................................................................... 111cwiwkó 1 : kã‡Kvl ....................................................................... 111cwiwkó 2 : Av`¨ÿi ....................................................................... 120cwiwkó 3 : K…ZÁZv ^xKvi .............................................................. 121cwiwkó 4 : gZvgZ cÖ`v‡bi dig ....................................................... 122

The Inter-Agency Network For Education in Emergencies (INEE) Ggb GKwU Db¥y³ AvšÍR©vwZK †bUIqvK© †hLv‡b AbykxjbKvix Ges bxwZwba©viYKvixiv `y‡h©vMRwbZ Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z Ges `y‡h©vM cieZ©x cybe©vmbK‡í mKj gvby‡li gvbm¤§Z wkÿvi AwaKvi Ges wbivc` wkLb cwi‡ek wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ GKm‡½ KvR Ki‡Q| INEE-Gi w÷qvwis MÖæc GB †bUIqv‡K©i †bZ…Z¡ I wb‡`©kbv w`‡”Q| †Kqvi, PvBì dvÛ, B›Uvib¨vkbvj †imwKD KwgwU (IRC) wiwdDwR GWy‡Kkb Uªv÷, (RET), †mf `¨v wPj‡Wªb, I‡cb †mvmvBwU BÝwUwUDU (OSI), BD‡b‡¯‹v (UNESCO), BDGbGBPwmAvi (UNHCR), BDwb‡md (UNICEF) Ges wek¦e¨vsK (World Bank) n‡jv GB w÷qvwis MÖæ‡ci m`m¨|

INEE b~¨bZg gv‡bi Kvh©wbe©vnx `‡ji m`mïv wkÿvi b~¨bZg gvb: cÖ¯‘wZ, mvov`vb I c~e©ve¯’vq cÖZ¨veZ‡©bi cÖ‡Póv wek¦e¨vcx ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ KvR K‡i hv‡”Q| INEE Kvh©wbe©vnx `‡j 19wU msMVb i‡q‡Q| G‡ì meviB Ø›Ø-msNvZ Ges `y‡h©vMgq cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿv wb‡q KvR Kivi AwfÁZv i‡q‡Q| GKv‡Wgx di GWy‡Kkbvj †W‡fjc‡g›U (AED), G¨Kkb GBW, Av‡gwiKvb BÝwUwUDU Ae wimvP© (AIR), †ewmK GWz‡Kkb di AvdMvb wiwdDwRm (BEFARe), w` †dvivg di Avwd«Kvb I‡gb GWy‡Kkbvwjó (FAWE), wRwU‡RW (GTZ), w` B›Uvib¨vkbvj †imwKD KwgwU (IRC), gvwfK¨v‡jm †mvk¨vj A¨vwmm‡UÝ A¨vÛ P¨vwiwU G‡mvwm‡qkb, biI‡q G‡RwÝ di †W‡fjc‡g›U (NORAD), biI‡q wiwdDwR KvDwÝj (NRC), A·d¨vg bwfe, cø¨vb B›Uvib¨vkbvj, †mf `¨v wPj‡Wªb, BD‡b‡¯‹v, BDGbGBPwmAvi, BDwb‡md, Iqvi PvBì© nj¨vÛ, Iqvì© GWy‡Kkb, ZOA wiwdDwR †Kqvi GB 19wU ms¯’v wb‡q INEEÕi Kvh©wbe©vnx `j MwVZ| INEE 41 wUiI †ewk G‡RwÝ, cÖwZôvb I ms¯’vi Kv‡Q K…ZÁ| Giv INEEÕi cÖwZôvjMœ †_‡K wewfbœfv‡e mvnvh¨ Ki‡Q| INEE m¤ú‡K© we¯ÍvwiZ Rvbvi Rb¨ wfwRU Kiæb: www.ineesite.org

Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿvi Rb¨ †h mKj AvMÖnx e¨w³ I msMVb wkÿvi ev¯Íevqb, mnvqZv I cÖPvi Pvwj‡q _v‡Kb Zv‡ì Rb¨ INEE Db¥y³| AvMÖnx e¨w³MY m`m¨ nIqvi Rb¨ INEEÕi I‡qemvB‡U ìLv¯Í (Sign up) Ki‡Z cv‡ib www.ineesite.org/join| m`m¨ n‡Z †Kvb evav †bB A_ev m`m¨ nIqvi Rb¨ †Kvb wd w`‡Z nq bv| AviI we¯ÍvwiZ Rvbvi Rb¨ Avcwb wfwRU Ki‡Z cv‡ib www.ineesite.org A_ev Avcwb †hvMv‡hvM Ki‡Z cv‡ib INEE Coordinator for Minimum Stan-

dard Gi m‡½| †hvMv‡hv‡Mi wVKvbv [email protected].

cÖ_g ms¯‹iY : INEE (C) 2004



wØZxq ms¯‹iY : INEE (C) 2010

me©¯^Ë¡ msiwÿZ| Z‡e wkÿvg~jK Kv‡Ri Rb¨ †h †Kv‡bvfv‡e eënvi Kiv hv‡e| G ai‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ eënv‡ii Rb¨ AvbyôvwbK AbygwZi cÖ‡qvRb wKš‘ ¯^vfvweKfv‡e `ªæZ AbygwZ †Ìqv n‡q _v‡K| Ab¨ cvwicvwk¦©K Ae¯’vq cÖwZwjwc, Ab¨ cÖKvkbvq cybteënvi, Abyev` A_ev Awf‡hvRb Kivi Rb¨ ¯^Ë¡vwaKvixi wbKU †_‡K Aek¨B c~e©vbygwZ wb‡Z n‡e|

bKkv: Creatrix Design Group, Canada

cÖ”Q‡ì Qwe: The International Rescue Committee, Save the Children, Oxfam Novib.

m~wPcÎ

wkÿvi b~¨bZg gv‡bi cwiwPwZ: cÖ¯‘wZ, mvov`vb, c~e©ve¯’vq cÖZ¨veZ©‡bi cÖ‡Póv ..... 2

Aa¨vq 1: wfwËgv‡bi cwimi ................................................................. 20KwgDwbwUi AskMÖnYgvb GK : AskMÖnY ...................................................................... 24gvb yB : m¤ú`mg~n .................................................................... 30

mgš^qgvb GK : mgš^q ......................................................................... 33

ch©v‡jvPbvgvb GK : wbiƒcY ......................................................................... 37gvb yB : mvov`v‡bi †KŠkj ........................................................... 43gvb wZb :cwiexÿY ...................................................................... 47gvb Pvi : g~j¨vqb ........................................................................ 50

Aa¨vq 2 : AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek ................................................. 52gvb GK : mgvb AwfMg¨Zv ............................................................. 55gvb yB : myiÿv Ges Kj¨vY ............................................................ 60gvb wZb : my‡hvM-myweav Ges †mevmg~n ............................................... 66

Aa¨vq 3 : wkÿY I wkLb gvb ............................................................... 72gvb GK : wkÿvµg ...................................................................... 75gvb yB : cÖwkÿY, †ckvMZ Dbœqb Ges mnvqZv .................................... 81gvb wZb : wkÿY I wkLb cÖwµqv ....................................................... 84gvb Pvi : wkLb djvdj wbiƒcY ....................................................... 86

Aa¨vq 4 : wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x ...................................................... 88gvb GK : wb‡qvM I wbe©vPb ............................................................ 91gvb yB : Kv‡Ri kZ©vejx .............................................................. 94gvb wZb : mnvqZv I ZË¡veavb ......................................................... 97

Aa¨vq 5: wkÿvbxwZ .......................................................................... 10gvb GK : AvBb I bxwZ cÖYqb ......................................................... 103gvb yB : cwiKíbv I ev¯Íevqb ....................................................... 108

cwiwkómg~n .................................................................................... 111cwiwkó 1 : kã‡Kvl ....................................................................... 111cwiwkó 2 : Av`¨ÿi ....................................................................... 120cwiwkó 3 : K…ZÁZv ^xKvi .............................................................. 121cwiwkó 4 : gZvgZ cÖ`v‡bi dig ....................................................... 122

wkÿvi b~¨bZg gvb Gi cwiwPwZ: cÖ¯‘wZ, mvov`vb, c~e©ve¯’vq cÖZ¨veZ©‡bi cÖ‡Póv

Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿv wK?wkÿv mKj gvb‡y li †gŠwjK gvbweK AwaKvi| msNv‡Z I `‡y hv© ‡M †KvwU †KvwU wkï-wK‡kvi‡ì Rb¨ wkÿv Pvwj‡q hvIqv KwVb n‡q c‡o Ges Riæwi cwiw¯w’ Z‡Z wkÿv eë¯v’ KL‡bvev c‡y ivcwy iB †f‡½ c‡o d‡j QvÎ-QvÎxiv gvbm¤§Z wkÿv †_‡K ewÂZ nq|

ÔRiæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿvÕ ej‡Z `y‡h©vM cwiw¯’wZ‡Z me eqmx‡ì Rb¨ wkÿvi my‡hvM myweav Pvjy ivLv †evSvq| Gi g‡a¨ ˆkke, cÖv_wgK, gva¨wgK, DcvbyôvwbK, cÖhyw³MZ, KvwiMwi, D”PZi Ges eq¯‹ wkÿv mewKQzB AšÍfz©³| Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ †_‡K c~‡e©i ¯^vfvweK Ae¯’vq wd‡i Avmv ch©šÍ gvbm¤§Z wkÿv kvixwiK, g‡bv-mvgvwRK Ges eyw×e„wËK myiÿv cÖ`vb K‡i hv Rxeb euvPv‡Z I wUwK‡q ivL‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i|

Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿv, wkL‡bi wbivc` RvqMv cÖ`v‡bi gva¨‡g gh©v`v Ges wU‡K _vKvi wbðqZvi cvkvcvwk wkï wK‡kvi‡ì Ab¨vb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq Pvwn`v¸‡jv wPwýZ K‡i mnvqZv w`‡Z cv‡i| msKUgq cwi‡e‡k gvbm¤§Z wkÿv wec` Ges †kvlY †_‡K kvixwiK myiÿv cÖ`vb K‡i Rxeb euvPvq| hLb GKRb wkÿv_©x wbivc` wkLb cwi‡e‡k _v‡K ZLb Zvi †hŠb wbcxob ev A_©‰bwZK †kvlY A_ev Ab¨vb¨ SzuwK †hgb- †Rvi K‡i we‡q A_ev evj¨ weevn, mk¯¿ evwnbx‡Z wb‡qvM Ges mk¯¿ mš¿vmx `j ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv Acivag~jK msMV‡bi mv‡_ RwoZ nIqv cÖf…wZ‡Z AvµvšÍ nIqvi m¤¢vebv Kg _v‡K| †gvU K_v wkÿv gvbyl‡K †h †Kv‡bv msKUgq cwi‡ek †_‡K wb‡R‡K wUwK‡q ivLvi †KŠkj AR©‡b mnvqZv K‡i| †hgb: Qwo‡q wQwU‡q _vKv †evgv ev gvwU‡Z cyu‡Z ivLv gvBb †_‡K AvZ¥iÿvi †KŠkj, †hŠb nqivwb †_‡K wb‡R‡K iÿv, GBPAvBwf msµgY cÖwZ‡iva Ges wKfv‡e Lv`¨ I ¯^v¯’¨ myweav cvIqv hvq cÖf…wZ|

wkÿvi my‡hvM m„wói gva¨‡g k„sLjv‡eva, w¯’wZkxjZv, KvVv‡gvMZ eë¯’v Ges AvMvgx fwel¨‡Zi Avkv RvwM‡q `y‡h©vM I Ø›Ø-msNv‡Zi Kvi‡Y ˆZwi g‡bvmvgvwRK msKU‡K Kwg‡q Avbv hvq| wkÿv mgm¨v mgvavb Ges Lvc LvB‡q Pjvi `ÿZv‡K kw³kvjx K‡i wkÿv_©x‡ì‡K wec¾bK cwi‡e‡k wb‡R‡ì I Ab¨vb¨‡ì hZœ I †eu‡P _vKvi Rb¨ we‡ePbvcÖm~Z wm×všÍ MÖn‡Y mvnvh¨ K‡i| GwU gvbyl‡K ivR‰bwZK evZ©v Ges ci¯úi we‡ivax Z_¨ Drm m¤ú‡K© Mfxifv‡e wPšÍv Ki‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i|

we`¨vjq I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿv‡K›`ª wkÿv cÖ`vb QvovI myiÿv, cywó, cvwb mieivn, cqtwb®‹vkb I ¯^v¯’¨‡mevq Riæwi mnvqZv cÖ`v‡b cÖviw¤¢K f‚wgKv cvjb Ki‡Z cv‡i| wkÿv_©xevÜe wbivc` RvqMv cÖwZôvi Rb¨ wkÿv, myiÿv, Avkªq, cvwb I cqtwb®‹vkb, ¯^v¯’¨ Ges g‡bv-mvgvwRK †ÿ‡Î Kg©iZ Kg©x‡ì g‡a¨ mgš^q ¸iæZ¡c~Y©|

2

wkÿvi b~¨bZg gvb Gi cwiwPwZ: cÖ¯‘wZ, mvov`vb, c~e©ve¯’vq cÖZ¨veZ©‡bi cÖ‡Póv

Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿv wK?wkÿv mKj gvb‡y li †gŠwjK gvbweK AwaKvi| msNv‡Z I `‡y hv© ‡M †KvwU †KvwU wkï-wK‡kvi‡ì Rb¨ wkÿv Pvwj‡q hvIqv KwVb n‡q c‡o Ges Riæwi cwiw¯w’ Z‡Z wkÿv eë¯v’ KL‡bvev c‡y ivcwy iB †f‡½ c‡o d‡j QvÎ-QvÎxiv gvbm¤§Z wkÿv †_‡K ewÂZ nq|

ÔRiæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿvÕ ej‡Z `y‡h©vM cwiw¯’wZ‡Z me eqmx‡ì Rb¨ wkÿvi my‡hvM myweav Pvjy ivLv †evSvq| Gi g‡a¨ ˆkke, cÖv_wgK, gva¨wgK, DcvbyôvwbK, cÖhyw³MZ, KvwiMwi, D”PZi Ges eq¯‹ wkÿv mewKQzB AšÍfz©³| Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ †_‡K c~‡e©i ¯^vfvweK Ae¯’vq wd‡i Avmv ch©šÍ gvbm¤§Z wkÿv kvixwiK, g‡bv-mvgvwRK Ges eyw×e„wËK myiÿv cÖ`vb K‡i hv Rxeb euvPv‡Z I wUwK‡q ivL‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i|

Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿv, wkL‡bi wbivc` RvqMv cÖ`v‡bi gva¨‡g gh©v`v Ges wU‡K _vKvi wbðqZvi cvkvcvwk wkï wK‡kvi‡ì Ab¨vb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq Pvwn`v¸‡jv wPwýZ K‡i mnvqZv w`‡Z cv‡i| msKUgq cwi‡e‡k gvbm¤§Z wkÿv wec` Ges †kvlY †_‡K kvixwiK myiÿv cÖ`vb K‡i Rxeb euvPvq| hLb GKRb wkÿv_©x wbivc` wkLb cwi‡e‡k _v‡K ZLb Zvi †hŠb wbcxob ev A_©‰bwZK †kvlY A_ev Ab¨vb¨ SzuwK †hgb- †Rvi K‡i we‡q A_ev evj¨ weevn, mk¯¿ evwnbx‡Z wb‡qvM Ges mk¯¿ mš¿vmx `j ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv Acivag~jK msMV‡bi mv‡_ RwoZ nIqv cÖf…wZ‡Z AvµvšÍ nIqvi m¤¢vebv Kg _v‡K| †gvU K_v wkÿv gvbyl‡K †h †Kv‡bv msKUgq cwi‡ek †_‡K wb‡R‡K wUwK‡q ivLvi †KŠkj AR©‡b mnvqZv K‡i| †hgb: Qwo‡q wQwU‡q _vKv †evgv ev gvwU‡Z cyu‡Z ivLv gvBb †_‡K AvZ¥iÿvi †KŠkj, †hŠb nqivwb †_‡K wb‡R‡K iÿv, GBPAvBwf msµgY cÖwZ‡iva Ges wKfv‡e Lv`¨ I ¯^v¯’¨ myweav cvIqv hvq cÖf…wZ|

wkÿvi my‡hvM m„wói gva¨‡g k„sLjv‡eva, w¯’wZkxjZv, KvVv‡gvMZ eë¯’v Ges AvMvgx fwel¨‡Zi Avkv RvwM‡q `y‡h©vM I Ø›Ø-msNv‡Zi Kvi‡Y ˆZwi g‡bvmvgvwRK msKU‡K Kwg‡q Avbv hvq| wkÿv mgm¨v mgvavb Ges Lvc LvB‡q Pjvi `ÿZv‡K kw³kvjx K‡i wkÿv_©x‡ì‡K wec¾bK cwi‡e‡k wb‡R‡ì I Ab¨vb¨‡ì hZœ I †eu‡P _vKvi Rb¨ we‡ePbvcÖm~Z wm×všÍ MÖn‡Y mvnvh¨ K‡i| GwU gvbyl‡K ivR‰bwZK evZ©v Ges ci¯úi we‡ivax Z_¨ Drm m¤ú‡K© Mfxifv‡e wPšÍv Ki‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i|

we`¨vjq I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿv‡K›`ª wkÿv cÖ`vb QvovI myiÿv, cywó, cvwb mieivn, cqtwb®‹vkb I ¯^v¯’¨‡mevq Riæwi mnvqZv cÖ`v‡b cÖviw¤¢K f‚wgKv cvjb Ki‡Z cv‡i| wkÿv_©xevÜe wbivc` RvqMv cÖwZôvi Rb¨ wkÿv, myiÿv, Avkªq, cvwb I cqtwb®‹vkb, ¯^v¯’¨ Ges g‡bv-mvgvwRK †ÿ‡Î Kg©iZ Kg©x‡ì g‡a¨ mgš^q ¸iæZ¡c~Y©|

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mgv‡Ri A_©‰bwZK, ivR‰bwZK I mvgvwRK w¯’wZkxjZv eRvq ivL‡Z gvbm¤§Z wkÿv mivmwi Ae`vb iv‡L| GUv mvgvwRK eÜb, kvwšÍ cÖwZôv I msNvZ mgvav‡bi cÖ‡Póvi gva¨‡g mwnsm Ø›Ø-msNv‡Zi SzuwK Kgv‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i| Ø›Ø-msNv‡Z AvµvšÍ Rb‡Mvôx hw` wkwÿZ nq †m‡ÿ‡Î `xN©‡gqvw` kvwšÍ cÖwZôv nIqvi my‡hvM _v‡K, Avevi A‡bK mgq GUv kvwšÍ Ges w¯’wZkxjZv eRvq ivLvi †ÿ‡Î †bwZevPK cÖfveI †dj‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e hw` mevi Rb¨ mgvb wkÿvi my‡hvM bv _v‡K, Avi †mUv AmgZv Ges mvgvwRK AwePvi e„w×‡Z mnvqK nq A_ev wkÿvµg ev wkÿY eë¯’v cÿcvZg~jK nq Zvn‡j wkÿv Avevi Ø›Ø-msNvZ m„wó Ki‡Z cv‡i| msNvZKvjxb mg‡q wkÿvi my‡hvM-myweav Avµg‡Yi jÿ¨ e¯‘‡Z cwiYZ n‡Z cv‡i A_ev QvÎ-wkÿK we`¨vj‡q Avmv-hvIqvi c‡_ AvµvšÍ n‡Z cv‡i| wkÿv eë¯’vi myiÿv wbwðZ Ki‡Z Ges Ø›Ø-msNvZgq mgvR‡K †UKmB kvwšÍ I Dbœq‡bi c‡_ wdwi‡q Avbvi Rb¨ Riæwi Ae¯’vi ciciB mycwiKwíZ wkÿv cybM©V‡bi KvR ïiæ Kiv cÖ‡qvRb|

msKU A‡bK mgq mgvR cwieZ©‡bi wfwË ˆZwii my‡hvM K‡i †`q| †hŠ_ D‡`¨v‡M mgZvwfwËK wkÿv eë¯’v I KvVv‡gv ˆZwii gva¨‡g GUv NU‡Z cv‡i| hviv cÖvq mgq wkÿvi my‡hvM †_‡K ewÂZ _v‡K †hgb: †QvU wkï, evwjKv, wK‡kvi wK‡kvix, cÖwZeÜx wkï, kiYv_©x I Af¨šÍixYfv‡e ¯’vbPz¨Z e¨w³ Gmgq wkÿvR©‡bi my‡hvM †c‡q DcK…Z n‡Z cv‡i| msK‡Ui djkÖæwZ‡Z ÿwZMÖ¯Í Rbc` †c‡Z cv‡i gvbm¤úbœ wkÿv I wkÿvi my‡hvM| msKU KwgDwbwU ev ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi mKj m`m¨‡K bZzb `ÿZv I g~j¨‡eva †hgb- GKxf‚Z wkÿvi ¸iæZ¡, AskMÖnY I mwnòzZv, msNvZ wbimb, gvbevwaKvi, cwi‡ek msiÿY Ges `y‡h©vM cÖkgb cÖf…wZ †kLvi my‡hvM K‡i †`q| Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ †_‡K c~e©ve¯’vq wd‡i Avmv ch©šÍ wkÿv h_v_© I cÖvmw½K nIqv GKvšÍ cÖ‡qvRb| GwU Aek¨B †gŠwjK mvÿiZv Ges MYbv `ÿZv wkÿv †`‡e, wkÿv_©x‡ì Pvwn`v Abyhvqx cÖvmw½K Ges my² wPšÍv mnvqK wkÿvµg cÖeZ©b Ki‡e| Avc` m¤ú‡K© wkÿ‡Yi gva¨‡g wkÿv wbivcËv I `y‡h©v‡M wU‡K _vKvi kw³ ˆZwii Rb¨ we`¨vjq¸‡jv‡K KwgDwbwUi `y‡h©vM SzuwK nªvm †K›`ª wnmv‡e ˆZwi Ki‡Z cv‡i Ges wkï I bexb‡ì `y‡h©vM cÖkg‡b †bZ…Z¡`v‡bi Rb¨ ÿgZvwqZ Ki‡Z cv‡i|

wkÿv wKfv‡e gvbweKZvi mvov`v‡bi mv‡_ m¤ú„³?msK‡Ui mgq KwgDwbwU ev ¯v’ bxq Rb‡Mvôx wkÿv‡K cvÖ avb¨ †`q| we`¨vjq Ges Ab¨vb¨ wkÿv‡K› ª ¯v’ bxq Rb‡Mvôxi cvÖ Y‡K› ª hv `vu wo‡q _v‡K fwel¨Z cRÖ ‡b¥i m‡y hv‡Mi cZÖ xK Ges m›y ì Rxe‡bi cZÖ ¨vkv wb‡q| wkÿv‡K wN‡i wkÿv_x© I Zv‡ì cwiev‡ii A‡bK cZÖ ¨vkv _v‡K| GUv A_‰© bwZK, mvgvwRK Ges ivR‰bwZK w`Kmn mgvwRK Rxe‡bi cwÖ ZUv †ÿ‡Î e¨w³i cwicY~ © AskMnÖ Y Kivi mÿgZv ew„ ×i gj~ PvweKvwV|

G‡Zvw`b gvbweK mvnvh¨ ej‡Z Lv`¨, Avkªq, cvwb I cqtwb®‹vkb Ges ¯^v¯’¨‡mev‡K †evSv‡Zv| c~‡e© wkÿv‡K Riæwi Ae¯’vq cÖ‡qvRbxq mvov`v‡bi Ask wn‡m‡e bv †`‡L eis `xN©‡gqv`x Dbœqbg~jK Kg©KvÐ wnmv‡e MY¨ Kiv n‡Zv| hvB‡nvK, Rxeb‡K Pvjy

wkÿvi b~¨bZg gvb: cÖ¯‘wZ, mvov`vb, c~e©ve¯’vq cÖZ¨veZ©‡bi cÖ‡Póv 3

ivLv I iÿv Kivi †ÿ‡Î wkÿvi f‚wgKv AvR me©Rb ¯^xK…Z Ges gvbweK mvnvh¨ wnmv‡e GKxf‚Z wkÿv‡K Mfxi we‡ePbvq ivLv nq|

gvbweK mvov`vb cwiKíbvq I cÖ¯‘wZ‡Z wkÿv GKwU Acwinvh© AbymM© hv KL‡bv KL‡bv wkÿvi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv ÎvY Kvh©µ‡gi Pvwn`v †_‡K †ewk n‡Z cv‡i| djcÖm~ mvov`v‡bi Rb¨ wkÿv Ges Ab¨vb¨ Riæwi Lv‡Zi g‡a¨ mgš^q I mn‡hvwMZv cÖ‡qvRb hv mKj wkÿv_©x‡ì AwaKvi I cÖ‡qvRb‡K Zz‡j a‡i| wùqvi INEE Companion-

ship Agreement and the work of the Inter–Agency Standing Committee (IASC)’s Education Cluster G GUv cÖwZdwjZ nq| (16 c„ôvi Ab¨vb¨ gv‡bi mv‡_ m¤úK© †`Lyb)|

ce~ © cÖ w‘ Z, cvÖ _wgK mvov`vb Ges cvÖ iw¤K¢ cb~ ev© m‡bi mKj Kvhµ© gB gvbweK mvov`vbgj~ K Pjgvb cwÖ µqvi Ask| Z‡e gvivZ¥K Aw¯i’ cwiw¯w’ Z‡Z GUv bvI n‡Z cv‡i| hvB‡nvK, GUv chv© ‡jvPbv I cwiKíbvi †ÿ‡Î w`K wb‡`k© bvi KvR Ki‡Z cv‡i|

INEEÕi b~¨bZg gvbmg~n wK?INEE b~¨bZg gv‡bi n¨vÛey‡K 19wU gv‡bi D‡jøL i‡q‡Q| cÖ‡Z¨KwU gvb Avevi KiYxq I wb‡`©wkKv w`‡q mvRv‡bv| GB n¨vÛey‡Ki g~j D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv wkÿvi c~e© cÖ¯‘wZ, mvov`vb I c~e©ve¯’vq cÖZ¨veZ©‡bi cÖ‡Póvi ¸YMZ gvb e„w× Kiv, wbivc` I cÖvmw½K wkLb my‡hvM myweavi AwfMg¨Zv e„w× Kiv Ges GBme †mev cÖ`v‡bi Revew`wnZv wbwðZ Kiv|

The Inter-Agency Network For Education in Emergencies (INEE) 2004 G GB n¨vÛeyK ˆZwii Rb¨ c„w_exe¨vcx GKwU civgk© cÖwµqvi Av‡qvRb K‡i †hLv‡b wewfbœ RvZxq KZ…©cÿ, AbykxjbKvix, bxwZ wba©viK, wkÿv eë¯’vi mv‡_ hy³ bvbv †ckvRxwe I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿK‡ì hy³ Kiv nq Ges 2010 mv‡j Zv nvjbvMv‡ì mgq GKB cÖwµqv AbymiY Kiv nq (wb‡P G m¤ú‡K© AviI we¯ÍvwiZ Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q)| cÖvK…wZK Avc` †_‡K m„ó `y‡h©vM, Ø›Ø-msNvZ, axi I `ªæZ msNwUZ cwiw¯’wZ, MÖvg I kn‡ii Riæwi cwiw¯’wZi g‡Zv msKUKvjxb mg‡q mvov`v‡bi Rb¨ wewfbœ wb‡`©wkKv INEE b~¨bZg gvb n¨vÛeyKwU‡Z Dc¯’vcb Kiv n‡q‡Q|

INEE b~ bZg gvb n¨vÛeKy wU gvbweK mvov`v‡bi ¸YMZ gvb mgš‡qi wbðqZvi Dci Av‡jvKcvZ K‡i: GB n¨vÛeKy wU `‡y hv© M AvµvšÍ gvb‡y li ghv© `v‡K mgby Zœ †i‡L Zv‡ì Pvwn`v I wkÿvi AwaKvi ci~ ‡Yi Dci ¸iæZv¡ ‡ivc K‡i| wkÿv gvbweK mvnvh¨ Ges Dbqœ bgj~ K Kv‡Ri g‡a¨ mgšq NUv‡Z ¸iæZc¡ Y~ © fw‚ gKv cvjb K‡i| Ø›Ø-msNvZgq cwiw¯w’ Z‡Z w¯w’ ZkxjZv webó n‡Z cv‡i, Aw¯i’ cwiw¯w’ Z‡Z gvbweK msK‡Ui mw„ ó n‡Z cv‡i| GB cwiw¯w’ Z‡Z gvbweK I Dbqœ bgj~ K ms¯v’ mgn~ wkÿv‡K mnvqZv Kivi Rb¨ GK‡hv‡M KvR K‡i| wkÿv‡K KvhK© ifv‡e mnvqZv Kivi Rb¨ we‡kl K‡i gvbweK mvnvh¨ †_‡K Dbqœ gj~ K mnvqZvq DËiY bv NUv chš© Í mswkóø cÿ‡ì g‡a¨ mn‡hvwMZv I

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mgv‡Ri A_©‰bwZK, ivR‰bwZK I mvgvwRK w¯’wZkxjZv eRvq ivL‡Z gvbm¤§Z wkÿv mivmwi Ae`vb iv‡L| GUv mvgvwRK eÜb, kvwšÍ cÖwZôv I msNvZ mgvav‡bi cÖ‡Póvi gva¨‡g mwnsm Ø›Ø-msNv‡Zi SzuwK Kgv‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i| Ø›Ø-msNv‡Z AvµvšÍ Rb‡Mvôx hw` wkwÿZ nq †m‡ÿ‡Î `xN©‡gqvw` kvwšÍ cÖwZôv nIqvi my‡hvM _v‡K, Avevi A‡bK mgq GUv kvwšÍ Ges w¯’wZkxjZv eRvq ivLvi †ÿ‡Î †bwZevPK cÖfveI †dj‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e hw` mevi Rb¨ mgvb wkÿvi my‡hvM bv _v‡K, Avi †mUv AmgZv Ges mvgvwRK AwePvi e„w×‡Z mnvqK nq A_ev wkÿvµg ev wkÿY eë¯’v cÿcvZg~jK nq Zvn‡j wkÿv Avevi Ø›Ø-msNvZ m„wó Ki‡Z cv‡i| msNvZKvjxb mg‡q wkÿvi my‡hvM-myweav Avµg‡Yi jÿ¨ e¯‘‡Z cwiYZ n‡Z cv‡i A_ev QvÎ-wkÿK we`¨vj‡q Avmv-hvIqvi c‡_ AvµvšÍ n‡Z cv‡i| wkÿv eë¯’vi myiÿv wbwðZ Ki‡Z Ges Ø›Ø-msNvZgq mgvR‡K †UKmB kvwšÍ I Dbœq‡bi c‡_ wdwi‡q Avbvi Rb¨ Riæwi Ae¯’vi ciciB mycwiKwíZ wkÿv cybM©V‡bi KvR ïiæ Kiv cÖ‡qvRb|

msKU A‡bK mgq mgvR cwieZ©‡bi wfwË ˆZwii my‡hvM K‡i †`q| †hŠ_ D‡`¨v‡M mgZvwfwËK wkÿv eë¯’v I KvVv‡gv ˆZwii gva¨‡g GUv NU‡Z cv‡i| hviv cÖvq mgq wkÿvi my‡hvM †_‡K ewÂZ _v‡K †hgb: †QvU wkï, evwjKv, wK‡kvi wK‡kvix, cÖwZeÜx wkï, kiYv_©x I Af¨šÍixYfv‡e ¯’vbPz¨Z e¨w³ Gmgq wkÿvR©‡bi my‡hvM †c‡q DcK…Z n‡Z cv‡i| msK‡Ui djkÖæwZ‡Z ÿwZMÖ¯Í Rbc` †c‡Z cv‡i gvbm¤úbœ wkÿv I wkÿvi my‡hvM| msKU KwgDwbwU ev ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi mKj m`m¨‡K bZzb `ÿZv I g~j¨‡eva †hgb- GKxf‚Z wkÿvi ¸iæZ¡, AskMÖnY I mwnòzZv, msNvZ wbimb, gvbevwaKvi, cwi‡ek msiÿY Ges `y‡h©vM cÖkgb cÖf…wZ †kLvi my‡hvM K‡i †`q| Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ †_‡K c~e©ve¯’vq wd‡i Avmv ch©šÍ wkÿv h_v_© I cÖvmw½K nIqv GKvšÍ cÖ‡qvRb| GwU Aek¨B †gŠwjK mvÿiZv Ges MYbv `ÿZv wkÿv †`‡e, wkÿv_©x‡ì Pvwn`v Abyhvqx cÖvmw½K Ges my² wPšÍv mnvqK wkÿvµg cÖeZ©b Ki‡e| Avc` m¤ú‡K© wkÿ‡Yi gva¨‡g wkÿv wbivcËv I `y‡h©v‡M wU‡K _vKvi kw³ ˆZwii Rb¨ we`¨vjq¸‡jv‡K KwgDwbwUi `y‡h©vM SzuwK nªvm †K›`ª wnmv‡e ˆZwi Ki‡Z cv‡i Ges wkï I bexb‡ì `y‡h©vM cÖkg‡b †bZ…Z¡`v‡bi Rb¨ ÿgZvwqZ Ki‡Z cv‡i|

wkÿv wKfv‡e gvbweKZvi mvov`v‡bi mv‡_ m¤ú„³?msK‡Ui mgq KwgDwbwU ev ¯v’ bxq Rb‡Mvôx wkÿv‡K cvÖ avb¨ †`q| we`¨vjq Ges Ab¨vb¨ wkÿv‡K› ª ¯v’ bxq Rb‡Mvôxi cvÖ Y‡K› ª hv `vu wo‡q _v‡K fwel¨Z cRÖ ‡b¥i m‡y hv‡Mi cZÖ xK Ges m›y ì Rxe‡bi cZÖ ¨vkv wb‡q| wkÿv‡K wN‡i wkÿv_x© I Zv‡ì cwiev‡ii A‡bK cZÖ ¨vkv _v‡K| GUv A_‰© bwZK, mvgvwRK Ges ivR‰bwZK w`Kmn mgvwRK Rxe‡bi cwÖ ZUv †ÿ‡Î e¨w³i cwicY~ © AskMnÖ Y Kivi mÿgZv ew„ ×i gj~ PvweKvwV|

G‡Zvw`b gvbweK mvnvh¨ ej‡Z Lv`¨, Avkªq, cvwb I cqtwb®‹vkb Ges ¯^v¯’¨‡mev‡K †evSv‡Zv| c~‡e© wkÿv‡K Riæwi Ae¯’vq cÖ‡qvRbxq mvov`v‡bi Ask wn‡m‡e bv †`‡L eis `xN©‡gqv`x Dbœqbg~jK Kg©KvÐ wnmv‡e MY¨ Kiv n‡Zv| hvB‡nvK, Rxeb‡K Pvjy

wkÿvi b~¨bZg gvb: cÖ¯‘wZ, mvov`vb, c~e©ve¯’vq cÖZ¨veZ©‡bi cÖ‡Póv 3

ivLv I iÿv Kivi †ÿ‡Î wkÿvi f‚wgKv AvR me©Rb ¯^xK…Z Ges gvbweK mvnvh¨ wnmv‡e GKxf‚Z wkÿv‡K Mfxi we‡ePbvq ivLv nq|

gvbweK mvov`vb cwiKíbvq I cÖ¯‘wZ‡Z wkÿv GKwU Acwinvh© AbymM© hv KL‡bv KL‡bv wkÿvi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv ÎvY Kvh©µ‡gi Pvwn`v †_‡K †ewk n‡Z cv‡i| djcÖm~ mvov`v‡bi Rb¨ wkÿv Ges Ab¨vb¨ Riæwi Lv‡Zi g‡a¨ mgš^q I mn‡hvwMZv cÖ‡qvRb hv mKj wkÿv_©x‡ì AwaKvi I cÖ‡qvRb‡K Zz‡j a‡i| wùqvi INEE Companion-

ship Agreement and the work of the Inter–Agency Standing Committee (IASC)’s Education Cluster G GUv cÖwZdwjZ nq| (16 c„ôvi Ab¨vb¨ gv‡bi mv‡_ m¤úK© †`Lyb)|

ce~ © cÖ w‘ Z, cvÖ _wgK mvov`vb Ges cvÖ iw¤K¢ cb~ ev© m‡bi mKj Kvhµ© gB gvbweK mvov`vbgj~ K Pjgvb cwÖ µqvi Ask| Z‡e gvivZ¥K Aw¯i’ cwiw¯w’ Z‡Z GUv bvI n‡Z cv‡i| hvB‡nvK, GUv chv© ‡jvPbv I cwiKíbvi †ÿ‡Î w`K wb‡`k© bvi KvR Ki‡Z cv‡i|

INEEÕi b~¨bZg gvbmg~n wK?INEE b~¨bZg gv‡bi n¨vÛey‡K 19wU gv‡bi D‡jøL i‡q‡Q| cÖ‡Z¨KwU gvb Avevi KiYxq I wb‡`©wkKv w`‡q mvRv‡bv| GB n¨vÛey‡Ki g~j D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv wkÿvi c~e© cÖ¯‘wZ, mvov`vb I c~e©ve¯’vq cÖZ¨veZ©‡bi cÖ‡Póvi ¸YMZ gvb e„w× Kiv, wbivc` I cÖvmw½K wkLb my‡hvM myweavi AwfMg¨Zv e„w× Kiv Ges GBme †mev cÖ`v‡bi Revew`wnZv wbwðZ Kiv|

The Inter-Agency Network For Education in Emergencies (INEE) 2004 G GB n¨vÛeyK ˆZwii Rb¨ c„w_exe¨vcx GKwU civgk© cÖwµqvi Av‡qvRb K‡i †hLv‡b wewfbœ RvZxq KZ…©cÿ, AbykxjbKvix, bxwZ wba©viK, wkÿv eë¯’vi mv‡_ hy³ bvbv †ckvRxwe I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿK‡ì hy³ Kiv nq Ges 2010 mv‡j Zv nvjbvMv‡ì mgq GKB cÖwµqv AbymiY Kiv nq (wb‡P G m¤ú‡K© AviI we¯ÍvwiZ Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q)| cÖvK…wZK Avc` †_‡K m„ó `y‡h©vM, Ø›Ø-msNvZ, axi I `ªæZ msNwUZ cwiw¯’wZ, MÖvg I kn‡ii Riæwi cwiw¯’wZi g‡Zv msKUKvjxb mg‡q mvov`v‡bi Rb¨ wewfbœ wb‡`©wkKv INEE b~¨bZg gvb n¨vÛeyKwU‡Z Dc¯’vcb Kiv n‡q‡Q|

INEE b~ bZg gvb n¨vÛeKy wU gvbweK mvov`v‡bi ¸YMZ gvb mgš‡qi wbðqZvi Dci Av‡jvKcvZ K‡i: GB n¨vÛeKy wU `‡y hv© M AvµvšÍ gvb‡y li ghv© `v‡K mgby Zœ †i‡L Zv‡ì Pvwn`v I wkÿvi AwaKvi ci~ ‡Yi Dci ¸iæZv¡ ‡ivc K‡i| wkÿv gvbweK mvnvh¨ Ges Dbqœ bgj~ K Kv‡Ri g‡a¨ mgšq NUv‡Z ¸iæZc¡ Y~ © fw‚ gKv cvjb K‡i| Ø›Ø-msNvZgq cwiw¯w’ Z‡Z w¯w’ ZkxjZv webó n‡Z cv‡i, Aw¯i’ cwiw¯w’ Z‡Z gvbweK msK‡Ui mw„ ó n‡Z cv‡i| GB cwiw¯w’ Z‡Z gvbweK I Dbqœ bgj~ K ms¯v’ mgn~ wkÿv‡K mnvqZv Kivi Rb¨ GK‡hv‡M KvR K‡i| wkÿv‡K KvhK© ifv‡e mnvqZv Kivi Rb¨ we‡kl K‡i gvbweK mvnvh¨ †_‡K Dbqœ gj~ K mnvqZvq DËiY bv NUv chš© Í mswkóø cÿ‡ì g‡a¨ mn‡hvwMZv I

4

mgšq GKvšÍ c‡Ö qvRb| gvbm¤§Z wkÿvi wfwË ¯v’ cb, fwel¨Z cÖ w‘ Zi gv‡bvbqœ b, Swuz K nvª m Kivi Rb¨ Riæwi cwiw¯w’ Z‡Z wKfv‡e mvov`vb Ki‡Z n‡e Ges cÖ Z‘ n‡Z n‡e †m m¤ú‡K© GB n¨vÛeKy wU‡Z wb‡`k© bv †Ìqv Av‡Q| Dbqœ b chv© ‡q I ce~ v© e¯v’ q wd‡i Avmvi †ÿ‡Î wkÿv eë¯v’ ‡K AwaKZi kw³kvjx Ki‡Z GB n¨vÛeKy wU fw‚ gKv ivL‡e|

wKfv‡e INEE by¨bZg gvbmg~n ˆZwi n‡qwQ‡jv?¯’vbxq, RvZxq I AvÂwjK AskMÖnYg~jK civgk© cÖwµqv I AbjvBb Av‡jvPbv, INEE ZvwjKvf‚³ I mw¤§wjZ ch©v‡jvPbvi gva¨‡g 2003-2004 mv‡j INEE b~¨bZg gvb cÖYxZ nq| INEE wb‡`©kbv bxwZgvjvq mn‡hvwMZv, ¯^”QZv, e¨q-ms‡KvPb, Av‡jvPbvg~jK wm×všÍ MÖn‡Y e¨vcK civgk©g~jK cÖwµqv cÖwZdwjZ n‡q‡Q| INEE b~¨bZg gvbmg~‡ni cÖ_g ms¯‹iY ˆZwi‡Z 50wUiI †ewk †`‡ki 2,250 R‡biI †ewk gvbyl Ae`vb †i‡L‡Qb| GB eBwU hviv eënvi K‡i‡Q Zv‡ì ch©v‡jvPbv g~j¨vqb Ges civg‡k©i wfwË‡Z 2009-2010 mv‡j GB eB nvjbvMv` Kivi KvR ïiæ nq| n¨vÛeyKwU‡Z †h welq¸‡jvi ms‡hvRb wbwðZ Kiv n‡q‡Q:

Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿv Pvjy ivLvi †ÿ‡Î mv¤úªwZKKv‡j †h me bZzb welq I PP©vi weKvk N‡U‡Q Zvi cÖwZdjb;

c~‡e© hviv wbR wbR †cÖÿvc‡Ui mv‡_ gvb¸‡jv wgwj‡q eënvi K‡i‡Qb Zv‡ì AwfÁZv I fv‡jv Abykxjb¸‡jvi mwbœ‡ek NUv‡bv;

2004 mv‡ji ms¯‹i‡Yi †P‡q GB n¨vÛeKy wU AviI †ewk eënvi Dc‡hvMxKiY|

INEE wkÿvi mv‡_ Mfxi m¤ú©Khy³, gvbweK I Dbœqbg~jK Kv‡Ri mv‡_ RwoZ Ges bxwZwba©viK‡ì mv‡_ civgk©g~jK cÖwµqvi gva¨‡g 2010 mv‡j INEE b~¨bZg gvb n¨vÛeyKwU nvjbvMv` Kiv nq| GB eBwU nvjbvMv` Kivi Kv‡R mviv we‡k¦i 1,000 Gi †ewk gvbyl RwoZ wQ‡jb| n¨vÛeyKwUi Dci gZvg‡Zi we‡kølY, AbjvBb Av‡jvPbv, we‡klÁ`‡ji Av‡jvPbvi gva¨‡g ci¯úi m¤úwK©Z welq¸wj‡K kw³kvjxKiY, cÖwZwU gvb‡K GKxf‚ZKiY, mw¤§wjZ ch©v‡jvPbv Ges †bUIqvK© ZvwjKvf‚³ INEE m`m¨‡ì AbjvBb ch©v‡jvPbvi gva¨‡g nvjbvMv‡ì KvRwU m¤úbœ Kiv nq|

gh©v`vc~Y© Rxe‡bi AwaKvi wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ GKwU gvbevwaKvi KvVv‡gvgvbevwaKvi, gvbweKZvi mb` Ges kiYv_©x AvBb n‡jv AvšÍR©vwZKfv‡e Aby‡gvw`Z Pzw³ Ges gvbwba©vi‡Ki gvb`Ð, hv kvwšÍ I `y‡h©vM Ges Ø›Ø-msNv‡Z m„wó nIqv msKUgq cwiw¯’wZ‡Z gvby‡li AwaKvi¸‡jvi wbðqZv †`q I cÖwZweavb K‡i| INEE b~¨bZg gv‡bi aviYvwU gvbevwaKv‡ii aviYv †_‡K G‡m‡Q, we‡kl K‡i wkÿv AwaKvi †_‡K hv g~j gvbevwaKvi `wj‡j ¯’vb †c‡q‡Q|

1990 mv‡ji RgwZ‡qb †NvlYv (Jomtien Decleration), 2000 mv‡ji wek¦ wkï †dviv‡gi mevi Rb¨ wkÿv Kg© cwiKíbv (World Education Forum Framework

for Action Promoting Education for All) Ges 2000 mv‡ji mnmªvã Dbœqb

·

·

·

5 wkÿvi b~¨bZg gvb: cÖ¯‘wZ, mvov`vb, c~e©ve¯’vq cÖZ¨veZ©‡bi cÖ‡Póv

jÿ¨gvÎvq G¸‡jv AvBbMZ evaëvaKZvi g‡a¨ c‡o bv, ZeyI G¸‡jv myweb¨¯Í Ges †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv †ÿ‡Î wkÿvi AwaKvi‡K AviI ®úó K‡i‡Q| GB †NvlYv¸‡jv Af¨šÍixY DØv¯‘ I kiYv_©xmn msK‡Ui wkKvi mKj Rb‡Mvôxi Rb¨ wkÿv we‡kl ¸iæZ¡ w`‡q‡Q| Gme †NvlYv I cwiKíbvmg~n ˆkkeKvjxb wkÿv, bexb Ges eq¯‹mn mK‡ji wkLb Kvh©µ‡g Ask †bqvi mgvb my‡hvM Ges we`¨gvb wkÿv Kvh©µ‡gi ¸YMZ gvb Dbœq‡bi Dc‡i ¸iæZ¡ Av‡ivc K‡i|

INEE b~¨bZg gvbmg~n wùqvi cÖ‡R‡±i gvbweKZvi mb‡ì mv‡_ mvgÄm¨c~Y©| `y‡h©vMKvjxb mg‡q ÎvY weZi‡Y †emiKvwi Dbœqb ms¯’v, AvšÍR©vwZK †iWµm Ges †iW wµ‡m›U Av‡›`vj‡bi AvPiYwewa Ges AvšÍR©vwZK gvbweKZvi AvBb I kiYv_©x AvB‡bi bxwZ I avivi Dci wfwË K‡i INEE b~¨bZg gvbmg~n M‡o D‡V‡Q| gvbweKZvi mb` cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©vM Ges mk¯¿ Ø›Ø-msNv‡Z AvµvšÍ mKj gvby‡li myiÿv Ges mn‡hvwMZv cvIqvi AwaKvimn wbivcËv I gh©v`v wb‡q †eu‡P _vKvi †gŠwjK kZ© wbwðZ K‡i| GB mb` g‡b K‡i †h ivóª I gvby‡li myiÿv I mn‡hvwMZv cvIqvi AwaKvi wbwðZ Kivi AvBbx `vwqZ¡ eZ©vq| h_vh_ KZ…©cÿ Zv‡ì `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨ cvj‡b Awb”QzK ev Aÿg n‡j gvbweK msMVb¸‡jv‡K GB ai‡bi mnvqZv I myiÿv cÖ`v‡bi Aby‡iva Zv‡ì evaëvaKZvi g‡a¨ c‡o| †`Lyb www.sphereproject.org

(D‡jøL¨ wùqv‡ii evsjv ms¯‹iY BwZg‡a¨ cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q| msMÖ‡ni Rb¨ †hvMv‡hvM Kiæb wWRv÷vi †dvivg: [email protected]

INEE i b~¨bZg gvbmg~n †hme AvBbx `wj‡ji Dci wbf©ikxj

Universl Declaration of Human Rights (1948) (Articles 2, 26)

Fouth Geneva Convention (1949) (Articles 3, 24, 50) and Additional Protocol (1977) (Article 4.3 (a) )

Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees (1951) (Articles 3, 22)

International Covenant on Civil and Political Right (1966) (Article 2)

International Covenant on Economic , Social and Cultural Rights (1966) (Article 2, 13, 14)

Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (1979) (Article 10)

Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989) (Articles 2, 22, 28,29, 30, 38, 39)

Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (1998) (Article 8 (2) (b) (ix) and 8 (2) (e) (iv))

Guiding Principles on International Displacement (non – binding) (1998) (Paragraph 23)

Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (2006) (Article 24)

6

mgšq GKvšÍ c‡Ö qvRb| gvbm¤§Z wkÿvi wfwË ¯v’ cb, fwel¨Z cÖ w‘ Zi gv‡bvbqœ b, Swuz K nvª m Kivi Rb¨ Riæwi cwiw¯w’ Z‡Z wKfv‡e mvov`vb Ki‡Z n‡e Ges cÖ Z‘ n‡Z n‡e †m m¤ú‡K© GB n¨vÛeKy wU‡Z wb‡`k© bv †Ìqv Av‡Q| Dbqœ b chv© ‡q I ce~ v© e¯v’ q wd‡i Avmvi †ÿ‡Î wkÿv eë¯v’ ‡K AwaKZi kw³kvjx Ki‡Z GB n¨vÛeKy wU fw‚ gKv ivL‡e|

wKfv‡e INEE by¨bZg gvbmg~n ˆZwi n‡qwQ‡jv?¯’vbxq, RvZxq I AvÂwjK AskMÖnYg~jK civgk© cÖwµqv I AbjvBb Av‡jvPbv, INEE ZvwjKvf‚³ I mw¤§wjZ ch©v‡jvPbvi gva¨‡g 2003-2004 mv‡j INEE b~¨bZg gvb cÖYxZ nq| INEE wb‡`©kbv bxwZgvjvq mn‡hvwMZv, ¯^”QZv, e¨q-ms‡KvPb, Av‡jvPbvg~jK wm×všÍ MÖn‡Y e¨vcK civgk©g~jK cÖwµqv cÖwZdwjZ n‡q‡Q| INEE b~¨bZg gvbmg~‡ni cÖ_g ms¯‹iY ˆZwi‡Z 50wUiI †ewk †`‡ki 2,250 R‡biI †ewk gvbyl Ae`vb †i‡L‡Qb| GB eBwU hviv eënvi K‡i‡Q Zv‡ì ch©v‡jvPbv g~j¨vqb Ges civg‡k©i wfwË‡Z 2009-2010 mv‡j GB eB nvjbvMv` Kivi KvR ïiæ nq| n¨vÛeyKwU‡Z †h welq¸‡jvi ms‡hvRb wbwðZ Kiv n‡q‡Q:

Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿv Pvjy ivLvi †ÿ‡Î mv¤úªwZKKv‡j †h me bZzb welq I PP©vi weKvk N‡U‡Q Zvi cÖwZdjb;

c~‡e© hviv wbR wbR †cÖÿvc‡Ui mv‡_ gvb¸‡jv wgwj‡q eënvi K‡i‡Qb Zv‡ì AwfÁZv I fv‡jv Abykxjb¸‡jvi mwbœ‡ek NUv‡bv;

2004 mv‡ji ms¯‹i‡Yi †P‡q GB n¨vÛeKy wU AviI †ewk eënvi Dc‡hvMxKiY|

INEE wkÿvi mv‡_ Mfxi m¤ú©Khy³, gvbweK I Dbœqbg~jK Kv‡Ri mv‡_ RwoZ Ges bxwZwba©viK‡ì mv‡_ civgk©g~jK cÖwµqvi gva¨‡g 2010 mv‡j INEE b~¨bZg gvb n¨vÛeyKwU nvjbvMv` Kiv nq| GB eBwU nvjbvMv` Kivi Kv‡R mviv we‡k¦i 1,000 Gi †ewk gvbyl RwoZ wQ‡jb| n¨vÛeyKwUi Dci gZvg‡Zi we‡kølY, AbjvBb Av‡jvPbv, we‡klÁ`‡ji Av‡jvPbvi gva¨‡g ci¯úi m¤úwK©Z welq¸wj‡K kw³kvjxKiY, cÖwZwU gvb‡K GKxf‚ZKiY, mw¤§wjZ ch©v‡jvPbv Ges †bUIqvK© ZvwjKvf‚³ INEE m`m¨‡ì AbjvBb ch©v‡jvPbvi gva¨‡g nvjbvMv‡ì KvRwU m¤úbœ Kiv nq|

gh©v`vc~Y© Rxe‡bi AwaKvi wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ GKwU gvbevwaKvi KvVv‡gvgvbevwaKvi, gvbweKZvi mb` Ges kiYv_©x AvBb n‡jv AvšÍR©vwZKfv‡e Aby‡gvw`Z Pzw³ Ges gvbwba©vi‡Ki gvb`Ð, hv kvwšÍ I `y‡h©vM Ges Ø›Ø-msNv‡Z m„wó nIqv msKUgq cwiw¯’wZ‡Z gvby‡li AwaKvi¸‡jvi wbðqZv †`q I cÖwZweavb K‡i| INEE b~¨bZg gv‡bi aviYvwU gvbevwaKv‡ii aviYv †_‡K G‡m‡Q, we‡kl K‡i wkÿv AwaKvi †_‡K hv g~j gvbevwaKvi `wj‡j ¯’vb †c‡q‡Q|

1990 mv‡ji RgwZ‡qb †NvlYv (Jomtien Decleration), 2000 mv‡ji wek¦ wkï †dviv‡gi mevi Rb¨ wkÿv Kg© cwiKíbv (World Education Forum Framework

for Action Promoting Education for All) Ges 2000 mv‡ji mnmªvã Dbœqb

·

·

·


jÿ¨gvÎvq G¸‡jv AvBbMZ evaëvaKZvi g‡a¨ c‡o bv, ZeyI G¸‡jv myweb¨¯Í Ges †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv †ÿ‡Î wkÿvi AwaKvi‡K AviI ®úó K‡i‡Q| GB †NvlYv¸‡jv Af¨šÍixY DØv¯‘ I kiYv_©xmn msK‡Ui wkKvi mKj Rb‡Mvôxi Rb¨ wkÿv we‡kl ¸iæZ¡ w`‡q‡Q| Gme †NvlYv I cwiKíbvmg~n ˆkkeKvjxb wkÿv, bexb Ges eq¯‹mn mK‡ji wkLb Kvh©µ‡g Ask †bqvi mgvb my‡hvM Ges we`¨gvb wkÿv Kvh©µ‡gi ¸YMZ gvb Dbœq‡bi Dc‡i ¸iæZ¡ Av‡ivc K‡i|

INEE b~¨bZg gvbmg~n wùqvi cÖ‡R‡±i gvbweKZvi mb‡ì mv‡_ mvgÄm¨c~Y©| `y‡h©vMKvjxb mg‡q ÎvY weZi‡Y †emiKvwi Dbœqb ms¯’v, AvšÍR©vwZK †iWµm Ges †iW wµ‡m›U Av‡›`vj‡bi AvPiYwewa Ges AvšÍR©vwZK gvbweKZvi AvBb I kiYv_©x AvB‡bi bxwZ I avivi Dci wfwË K‡i INEE b~¨bZg gvbmg~n M‡o D‡V‡Q| gvbweKZvi mb` cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©vM Ges mk¯¿ Ø›Ø-msNv‡Z AvµvšÍ mKj gvby‡li myiÿv Ges mn‡hvwMZv cvIqvi AwaKvimn wbivcËv I gh©v`v wb‡q †eu‡P _vKvi †gŠwjK kZ© wbwðZ K‡i| GB mb` g‡b K‡i †h ivóª I gvby‡li myiÿv I mn‡hvwMZv cvIqvi AwaKvi wbwðZ Kivi AvBbx `vwqZ¡ eZ©vq| h_vh_ KZ…©cÿ Zv‡ì `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨ cvj‡b Awb”QzK ev Aÿg n‡j gvbweK msMVb¸‡jv‡K GB ai‡bi mnvqZv I myiÿv cÖ`v‡bi Aby‡iva Zv‡ì evaëvaKZvi g‡a¨ c‡o| †`Lyb www.sphereproject.org

(D‡jøL¨ wùqv‡ii evsjv ms¯‹iY BwZg‡a¨ cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q| msMÖ‡ni Rb¨ †hvMv‡hvM Kiæb wWRv÷vi †dvivg: [email protected]

INEE i b~¨bZg gvbmg~n †hme AvBbx `wj‡ji Dci wbf©ikxj

Universl Declaration of Human Rights (1948) (Articles 2, 26)

Fouth Geneva Convention (1949) (Articles 3, 24, 50) and Additional Protocol (1977) (Article 4.3 (a) )

Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees (1951) (Articles 3, 22)

International Covenant on Civil and Political Right (1966) (Article 2)

International Covenant on Economic , Social and Cultural Rights (1966) (Article 2, 13, 14)

Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (1979) (Article 10)

Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989) (Articles 2, 22, 28,29, 30, 38, 39)

Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (1998) (Article 8 (2) (b) (ix) and 8 (2) (e) (iv))

Guiding Principles on International Displacement (non – binding) (1998) (Paragraph 23)

Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (2006) (Article 24)

6

Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wK wkÿvi AwaKvi Av‡Q?nu v Av‡Q| gvbevwaKvi meR© bxb GgbwK Riæwi cwiw¯w’ Z‡ZI Zv KvhK© i| wkÿvi AwaKvi n‡jv gvbevwaKvi Ges wkÿv cvIqvi AwaKvi| wkÿv gvbly ‡K cwicY~ © Ae¯v’ ‡b †cŠu Qv‡Z Ges Ab¨ AwaKvi¸‡jv †hgb - Rxeb Ges ¯v‡¯’ i AwaKvi wb‡q PPv© Ki‡Z `ÿZv cÖ vb K‡i| D`vniY¯iƒc ejv hvq, hw` †Kv‡bv e¨w³ fw‚ g gvBb wel‡q mZK© evYx co‡Z cv‡i Z‡e †m fw‚ g gvB‡bi GjvKv Gwo‡q Pj‡Z cv‡i| †gŠwjK wkÿv, ¯v¯’ AwaKvi m¤ú‡KI© Rvb‡Z mnvqZv K‡i| GwU wPwKrm‡Ki wb‡`k© vejx co‡Z Ges Il‡y ai †evZ‡j D‡jwø LZ wbqgvejx mwVKfv‡e Abmy iY Ki‡Z gvbly ‡K mÿg K‡i †Zv‡j|

mK‡ji Rb¨ gvbm¤§Z wkÿv cÖ`vb Kivi `vwqZ¡ cÖv_wgKfv‡e RvZxq KZ…©cÿ, wkÿv gš¿Yvjq Ges ¯’vbxq wkÿv KZ…©c‡ÿi| Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z Ab¨vb¨ ev mswkøó cÿ (†÷K‡nvìvi), eûRvwZK msMVbmg~n †hgb- RvwZmsN, RvZxq I AvšÍR©vwZK †emiKvwi Dbœqb ms¯’vmg~n Ges KwgDwbwUwfwËK msMVbmg~n wkÿv Kvh©µ‡gi `vwqZ¡ MÖnY K‡i| GB †cÖÿvc‡U †hLv‡b h_vh_ ¯’vbxq I RvZxq KZ…©cÿ Zv‡ì `vwqZ¡ cvj‡b Aÿg ev Awb”QzK †mLv‡b eûRvwZK msMVbmg~n wkÿvi my‡hvM myweav cÖ`v‡bi `vwqZ¡ wb‡Z cv‡i| INEE b~¨bZg gvb n¨vÛeyKwU mswkøó mKj cÿ‡K (†÷K‡nvìvi‡ì‡K) gvbm¤§Z wkÿv AR©‡bi Rb¨ fv‡jv D‡`¨vM I PP©vi GKwU bxwZ KvVv‡gv cÖ`vb K‡i|

Ôgvbm¤§Z wkÿvÕ ej‡Z †mB wkÿv‡K eySvq hv mnRcÖvc¨, MÖnY‡hvM¨, mK‡ji Rb¨ mgvb my‡hvM wbwðZ K‡i Ges ¯’vbxqfv‡e Lvc LvIqv‡bvi †hvM¨| wkÿv cwiKíbvi wfwË wnmv‡e INEE b~¨bZg gvbmg~n gvbevwaKvi AvB‡bi wjwLZ fvl¨ I gg© DfqB MÖnY K‡i‡Q| G¸‡jv AskMÖnY, Revew`wnZv, êlg¨nxbZv Ges AvBbx myiÿvi bxwZmg~n ev¯Íevq‡bi gva¨‡g gvbm¤§Z wkÿv AR©‡b mnvqZv K‡i|

INEE b~¨bZg gvb n¨vÛeyKwUi eënvi I

INEE b~¨bZg gv‡bi m~wPcÎ wK?INEE b~¨bZg gvbmg~n cuvPwU Aa¨v‡q wef³| G¸‡jv n‡jv-

wfwËgv‡bi cwimi: ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi AskMÖnY I ch©v‡jvPbv AšÍfz©³ Ki‡Z wfwËgv‡bi cwimi ms‡kvwaZ I m¤cÖÖmvwiZ n‡q‡Q| mvgwMÖK I gvbm¤§Z mvov`v‡bi Rb¨ mKj Aa¨v‡q GB gvbmg~n cÖ‡qvM Ki‡Z n‡e| cÖKí P‡µi mKj avc fv‡jvfv‡e wbY©q Ki‡Z, †cÖÿvcU fv‡jvfv‡e eyS‡Z Ges Aa¨vq¸‡jv‡Z †Ìqv gvbmg~n Av‡iv mwVKfv‡e cÖ‡qvM Ki‡Z GB wfwËgv‡bi cwimi we‡kl ¸iæZ¡ Av‡ivc K‡i|

mK‡ji Rb¨ mgvb my‡hvM (AwfMg¨Zv) I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek: GB Aa¨v‡qi gvbmg~‡ni jÿ¨ n‡”Q wbivc` Ges cÖvmw½K wkLb my‡hvM mK‡ji Rb¨ mgvbfv‡e Db¥y³ K‡i

7

†`qv| ewY©Z gvb¸‡jv Ab¨vb¨ LvZ †hgb- ¯^v¯’¨, cvwb I cqtwb®‹vkb, cywó, Avkªq BZ¨vwì mv‡_ Nwbô †hvMm~Î Zz‡j a‡i hv kvixwiK, eyw×e„wËK Ges g‡bv-mvgvwRK Kj¨vY I wbivcËv e„w×‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i|

wkÿY I wkLb: GB gvbmg~n AwZ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© hv wkÿvµg, cÖwkÿY, †ckvMZ Dbœqb I mnvqZv, wkÿv cÖ`vb I wkLb cÖwµqv Ges wkLb djvdj wbiƒcYmn Kvh©Ki wkÿY I wkLb‡K DbœZ Kivi Dci ¸iæZ¡ †`q|

wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x: GB Aa¨v‡qi gvbmg~n wkÿv †ÿ‡Î cÖkvmb Ges gvbe m¤ú‡ì eë¯’vcbv wb‡q KvR K‡i| Gi g‡a¨ wb‡qvM, wbe©vPb, Kv‡Ri kZ©vejx, Z`viwK I mnvqZv AšÍfz©³|

wkÿvbxwZ: GB Aa¨v‡qi gvbmg~n bxwZ cÖYqb I cÖ‡qvM, cwiKíbv I ev¯Íevq‡bi Ici ¸iæZ¡v‡ivc K‡i|

GB n¨vÛeyKwUi cÖwZwU kvLv GKwU wbw`©ó Aa¨v‡qi wkÿv Kvh©µg eY©bv K‡i| Gi cÖwZwU gvb GKwU Av‡iKwUi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z| gvbm¤§Z wkÿvi GKwU mvwe©K wPÎ cÖ`vb Ki‡Z †hLv‡b cÖ‡hvR¨ †mLv‡b wb‡`©wkKv Ab¨vb¨ cÖvmw½K gvbmg~n I Ab¨vb¨ Aa¨v‡qi wb‡`©wkKvi mv‡_ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© ms‡hvMmg~n‡K wPwýZ K‡i|

Y-Ön mM gk šs qA -wU ew ‡bw køD lYgw -K

AwfMg¨ZvI wkL‡bicwi‡ek

wkÿYI

wkLb

wkÿKI

Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©xwkÿv bxwZ

8wkÿvi b~¨bZg gvb: cÖ¯‘wZ, mvov`vb, c~e©ve¯’vq cÖZ¨veZ©‡bi cÖ‡Póv

Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wK wkÿvi AwaKvi Av‡Q?nu v Av‡Q| gvbevwaKvi meR© bxb GgbwK Riæwi cwiw¯w’ Z‡ZI Zv KvhK© i| wkÿvi AwaKvi n‡jv gvbevwaKvi Ges wkÿv cvIqvi AwaKvi| wkÿv gvbly ‡K cwicY~ © Ae¯v’ ‡b †cŠu Qv‡Z Ges Ab¨ AwaKvi¸‡jv †hgb - Rxeb Ges ¯v‡¯’ i AwaKvi wb‡q PPv© Ki‡Z `ÿZv cÖ vb K‡i| D`vniY¯iƒc ejv hvq, hw` †Kv‡bv e¨w³ fw‚ g gvBb wel‡q mZK© evYx co‡Z cv‡i Z‡e †m fw‚ g gvB‡bi GjvKv Gwo‡q Pj‡Z cv‡i| †gŠwjK wkÿv, ¯v¯’ AwaKvi m¤ú‡KI© Rvb‡Z mnvqZv K‡i| GwU wPwKrm‡Ki wb‡`k© vejx co‡Z Ges Il‡y ai †evZ‡j D‡jwø LZ wbqgvejx mwVKfv‡e Abmy iY Ki‡Z gvbly ‡K mÿg K‡i †Zv‡j|

mK‡ji Rb¨ gvbm¤§Z wkÿv cÖ`vb Kivi `vwqZ¡ cÖv_wgKfv‡e RvZxq KZ…©cÿ, wkÿv gš¿Yvjq Ges ¯’vbxq wkÿv KZ…©c‡ÿi| Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z Ab¨vb¨ ev mswkøó cÿ (†÷K‡nvìvi), eûRvwZK msMVbmg~n †hgb- RvwZmsN, RvZxq I AvšÍR©vwZK †emiKvwi Dbœqb ms¯’vmg~n Ges KwgDwbwUwfwËK msMVbmg~n wkÿv Kvh©µ‡gi `vwqZ¡ MÖnY K‡i| GB †cÖÿvc‡U †hLv‡b h_vh_ ¯’vbxq I RvZxq KZ…©cÿ Zv‡ì `vwqZ¡ cvj‡b Aÿg ev Awb”QzK †mLv‡b eûRvwZK msMVbmg~n wkÿvi my‡hvM myweav cÖ`v‡bi `vwqZ¡ wb‡Z cv‡i| INEE b~¨bZg gvb n¨vÛeyKwU mswkøó mKj cÿ‡K (†÷K‡nvìvi‡ì‡K) gvbm¤§Z wkÿv AR©‡bi Rb¨ fv‡jv D‡`¨vM I PP©vi GKwU bxwZ KvVv‡gv cÖ`vb K‡i|

Ôgvbm¤§Z wkÿvÕ ej‡Z †mB wkÿv‡K eySvq hv mnRcÖvc¨, MÖnY‡hvM¨, mK‡ji Rb¨ mgvb my‡hvM wbwðZ K‡i Ges ¯’vbxqfv‡e Lvc LvIqv‡bvi †hvM¨| wkÿv cwiKíbvi wfwË wnmv‡e INEE b~¨bZg gvbmg~n gvbevwaKvi AvB‡bi wjwLZ fvl¨ I gg© DfqB MÖnY K‡i‡Q| G¸‡jv AskMÖnY, Revew`wnZv, êlg¨nxbZv Ges AvBbx myiÿvi bxwZmg~n ev¯Íevq‡bi gva¨‡g gvbm¤§Z wkÿv AR©‡b mnvqZv K‡i|

INEE b~¨bZg gvb n¨vÛeyKwUi eënvi I

INEE b~¨bZg gv‡bi m~wPcÎ wK?INEE b~¨bZg gvbmg~n cuvPwU Aa¨v‡q wef³| G¸‡jv n‡jv-

wfwËgv‡bi cwimi: ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi AskMÖnY I ch©v‡jvPbv AšÍfz©³ Ki‡Z wfwËgv‡bi cwimi ms‡kvwaZ I m¤cÖÖmvwiZ n‡q‡Q| mvgwMÖK I gvbm¤§Z mvov`v‡bi Rb¨ mKj Aa¨v‡q GB gvbmg~n cÖ‡qvM Ki‡Z n‡e| cÖKí P‡µi mKj avc fv‡jvfv‡e wbY©q Ki‡Z, †cÖÿvcU fv‡jvfv‡e eyS‡Z Ges Aa¨vq¸‡jv‡Z †Ìqv gvbmg~n Av‡iv mwVKfv‡e cÖ‡qvM Ki‡Z GB wfwËgv‡bi cwimi we‡kl ¸iæZ¡ Av‡ivc K‡i|

mK‡ji Rb¨ mgvb my‡hvM (AwfMg¨Zv) I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek: GB Aa¨v‡qi gvbmg~‡ni jÿ¨ n‡”Q wbivc` Ges cÖvmw½K wkLb my‡hvM mK‡ji Rb¨ mgvbfv‡e Db¥y³ K‡i

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†`qv| ewY©Z gvb¸‡jv Ab¨vb¨ LvZ †hgb- ¯^v¯’¨, cvwb I cqtwb®‹vkb, cywó, Avkªq BZ¨vwì mv‡_ Nwbô †hvMm~Î Zz‡j a‡i hv kvixwiK, eyw×e„wËK Ges g‡bv-mvgvwRK Kj¨vY I wbivcËv e„w×‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i|

wkÿY I wkLb: GB gvbmg~n AwZ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© hv wkÿvµg, cÖwkÿY, †ckvMZ Dbœqb I mnvqZv, wkÿv cÖ`vb I wkLb cÖwµqv Ges wkLb djvdj wbiƒcYmn Kvh©Ki wkÿY I wkLb‡K DbœZ Kivi Dci ¸iæZ¡ †`q|

wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x: GB Aa¨v‡qi gvbmg~n wkÿv †ÿ‡Î cÖkvmb Ges gvbe m¤ú‡ì eë¯’vcbv wb‡q KvR K‡i| Gi g‡a¨ wb‡qvM, wbe©vPb, Kv‡Ri kZ©vejx, Z`viwK I mnvqZv AšÍfz©³|

wkÿvbxwZ: GB Aa¨v‡qi gvbmg~n bxwZ cÖYqb I cÖ‡qvM, cwiKíbv I ev¯Íevq‡bi Ici ¸iæZ¡v‡ivc K‡i|

GB n¨vÛeyKwUi cÖwZwU kvLv GKwU wbw`©ó Aa¨v‡qi wkÿv Kvh©µg eY©bv K‡i| Gi cÖwZwU gvb GKwU Av‡iKwUi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z| gvbm¤§Z wkÿvi GKwU mvwe©K wPÎ cÖ`vb Ki‡Z †hLv‡b cÖ‡hvR¨ †mLv‡b wb‡`©wkKv Ab¨vb¨ cÖvmw½K gvbmg~n I Ab¨vb¨ Aa¨v‡qi wb‡`©wkKvi mv‡_ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© ms‡hvMmg~n‡K wPwýZ K‡i|

Y-Ön mM gk šs qA -wU ew ‡bw køD lYgw -K


wkÿYI

wkLb

wkÿKI

Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©xwkÿv bxwZ


2010 mv‡j ms®‹iYK…Z b~¨bZg gvb n¨vÛeyKwU‡Z bZzb wK Av‡Q?2004 mv‡ji n¨vÛeyK Gi mv‡_ hviv cwiwPZ Zviv eZ©gvb ms¯‹iYK…Z n¨vÛeyK m~wPc‡Î †ewkifvM wel‡qi mv‡_ cwiwPZ _vK‡e| †h welq¸‡jvi Dci †ewk †Rvi †Ìqv n‡q‡Q †m¸‡jv n‡jv:

†cÖÿvcU ch©v‡jvPbv Ges g~j Bmy¨‡K kw³kvjxKiY: myiÿv, g‡bv-mgvwRK mnvqZv, Ø›Ø-msNvZ cÖkgb, `y‡h©vM SuywK n«vm, ˆkkeKvjxb Dbœqb, †RÛvi, GBPAvBwf Ges GBW&m, gvbevwaKvi, GKxf‚Z wkÿv, AvšÍtLvZ ms‡hvM (¯^v¯’¨; cvwb; cqtwb®‹vkb; ¯^v¯’¨wewa cÖeZ©b; Avkªq; Lv`¨ I cywó) Ges bexb| GB g~j Bmy¨¸‡jvi ev¯Íevq‡b mvnvh¨ †c‡Z †`Lyb www.ineesite.org/toolkit.

gvb¸‡jv AR©‡bi Rb¨ g~j wb‡`©wkKvi †P‡q g~j KiYxq¸‡jvi AšÍf©yw³ (cieZ©x c„ôvi e· †`Lyb);

2004 mv‡ji ms¯‹i‡Y cÖ_g Aa¨v‡qi bvg wQj ÒmK‡ji Rb¨ GKB b~¨bZg gvbÓ hv 2010 mv‡ji ms¯‹i‡Y cwieZ©b K‡i ÒwfwËgv‡bi cwimiÓ Kiv n‡q‡Q, GLv‡b mKj wkÿv Kg©Kv‡Ði wfwË wn‡m‡e GB gvbmg~n eënv‡ii cÖ‡qvRbxqZvi Dci Av‡jvKcvZ Kiv n‡q‡Q, GQvov mKj wkÿv Kg©Kv‡Ði mgš^‡qi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv Dcjwä K‡i ÒwkÿvbxwZÓ Aa¨vq †_‡K Òmgš^qÓ gvb‡K c„_K Kiv n‡q‡Q|

†cÖÿvcU we‡kølYgvbweKZvi mvov`v‡b Ges nvjbvMv`K…Z INEE b~¨bZg gvbmg~‡ni g~j welq n‡”Q AvµvšÍ Rb‡Mvôx| m¤ú` I ÿgZvi Amg wbqš¿‡Yi Kvi‡Y `y‡h©vM I Ø›Ø-msNvZ gvby‡li Ici wfbœ wfbœ cÖfve †d‡j| wec`vcbœZv n‡jv Ggb GKUv êwkó¨ ev Ae¯’v hv `y‡h©vM I Ø›Ø-msNv‡Z AvµvšÍ gvbyl‡K AwaK ms‡e`bkxj K‡i †Zv‡j| mvgvwRK, cÖRb¥MZ, kvixwiK, cÖwZ‡ekMZ, cvwievwiK, mvs¯‹…wZK, †fŠ‡MvwjK, A_©‰bwZK I ivR‰bwZK †cÖÿvcU †h¸‡jvi g‡a¨ gvbyl emevm K‡i †m¸‡jv wec`vcbœZv wba©vi‡Y f‚wgKv cvjb K‡i| wec`vcbœ `‡ji g‡a¨ Av‡Q bvix, cÖwZeÜx gvbyl, wkï, evwjKv, †h mg¯Í wkï mk¯¿ evwnbx A_ev `‡ji mv‡_ hy³ Ges GBPAvBwf AvµvšÍ gvbyl| Kvw•LZ jÿ¨ AR©‡b e¨w³, ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôx, mgvR A_ev ms¯’v †_‡K cÖvß kw³, ¸Yvejx Ges mnRcÖvc¨ m¤ú‡ì mgš^qB n‡”Q mÿgZv|

wec`vcbœZv I mÿgZv wKfv‡e †cÖÿvc‡Ui Ici wbf©i K‡i †mUv eyS‡Z n‡j wkÿvi mv‡_ mswkøó mKj cÿ‡K (†÷K‡nvìvi‡ì‡K) †cÖÿvcU we‡køl‡Yi mgq cÖwZwbqZ cwieZ©bkxj wec`vcbœZv I mÿgZv‡K we‡ePbvq wb‡Z n‡e| †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv †ÿ‡Î RvwZ¯^Ëv, †kªwY A_ev eY©, ¯’vbPz¨wZ A_ev ag©xq A_ev ivR‰bwZK gZv`‡k©i Kvi‡Y gvbyl AviI †ewk wec`vcbœ n‡Z cv‡i| GB welq¸‡jv gvbm¤§Z wkÿv‡mev‡K ÿwZMÖ¯Í Ki‡Z cv‡i| gvbweK mvov`vb‡K djcÖm~ Kivi Rb¨ mÿgZv, wec`vcbœZv Ges

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gvby‡li cÖ‡qvRbxqZvi cÖwZwU †ÿ‡Î mgwš^Z ch©v‡jvPbv cÖ‡qvRb| wfwËgv‡bi cwimi †cÖÿvcU ch©v‡jvPbvi †ÿ‡Î wb‡`©wkKv¸‡jv‡K we‡ePbvq iv‡L, n¨vÛey‡Ki me©Î wb‡`©wkKv‡K g~javivi g‡a¨ ivLv n‡q‡Q|

msKUKvjxb mg‡q gvby‡li wec`vcbœZv Kgv‡Z Zv‡ì g‡a¨ Av‡Mi Ae¯’vq wd‡i Avmvi ¸Yvejx I mÿgZv ˆZwi Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| ¯’vbxq mvov`vb‡K eyS‡Z I mnvqZv Ki‡Z Ges ¯’vbxq cÖwZwbwa‡ì mÿgZv ˆZwi‡Z †Rvi w`‡Z n‡e| wfwËgv‡bi †cÖÿvcU ch©v‡jvPbv‡K kw³kvjx Ges g~j welq¸‡jv‡K cÖvavb¨ †`qvi gva¨‡g 2010 mv‡ji n¨vÛeyKwU wkÿv‡ÿ‡Î cÖ¯‘wZ, mvov`vb I c~e©ve¯’vq wd‡i hvIqvi cÖ‡Póv‡K mgwš^Z Ki‡Z Ges mÿgZv, wec`vcbœZv I †cÖwÿZ ch©v‡jvPbv‡K AviI my¯úó Ki‡Z GKwU KvVv‡gv cÖ`vb K‡i|

INEE b~¨bZg gvb Kv‡ì eënvi Kiv DwPZ?mKj mswkøó cÿ, hviv Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z `y‡h©vM SzuwK n«vm I Ø›Ø-msNvZ cÖkgbmn wkÿv cÖ¯‘wZ, mvov`vb I c~e©ve¯’vq wd‡i hvIqvi cÖ‡Póvi mv‡_ RwoZ Zviv Aek¨B GB b~¨bZg gvb, KiYxq I wb‡`©wkKv eënvi I DbœxZ Ki‡e| wbivc` Ges gvbm¤§Z wkÿvi AwfMg¨Zv wbwðZ Ki‡Z Ges †`kxq I AvšÍR©vwZK ch©v‡q mswkøó cÿ‡K (†÷K‡nvìvi‡ì) GKwÎZ Ki‡Z Zviv cÖhyw³MZ Ávb I fv‡jv Abykxjb KvVv‡gv cÖ`vb K‡i|

¯’vbxq Ges RvZxq ch©v‡qi wkÿv KZ©„cÿ;

RvwZms‡Ni ms¯’vmg~n;

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gvb, KiYxq Ges wb‡`©wkKvi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ wK?

cÖwZwU gvb GKB KvVv‡gv AbymiY K‡i, cÖ_gZ b~¨bZg gvbmg~n wba©vwiZ nq †mme bxwZgvjvi Ici wfwË K‡i †h¸‡jv `y‡h©vM I Ø›Ø-msNv‡Z AvµvšÍ gvby‡li gh©v`vi mv‡_ †eu‡P _vKv I wbivc` _vKv Ges gvbm¤§Z I cÖvmw½K wkÿvi AwaKvi‡K cÖwZwôZ K‡i| ZvB G¸‡jv ¯^vfvweKfv‡e ¸YevPK, me©Rbxb I mKj †cÖÿvc‡U cÖ‡hvR¨|

KwZcq KiYxq avivevwnKZvi gva¨‡g gvbmg~n‡K AbymiY K‡i| GUv gvb AR©‡bi GKwU Dcvq| me †cÖÿvc‡U mKj KiYxq cÖ‡hvR¨ bq; mywbw`©ó †cÖÿvcU Abyhvqx Lvc LvB‡q wb‡Z n‡e| gvV ch©v‡q hviv G Kv‡Ri mv‡_ hy³ Av‡Qb Zuviv cÖ‡qvR‡b gvb AR©‡bi Rb¨ weKí KiYxq D™¢veb Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

me‡k‡l, wb‡`©wkKv b~¨bZg gvb wba©viY I ev¯Íevq‡bi mgq fv‡jv D‡`¨vMmg~‡ni D`vniY Ges †hLv‡b cÖ‡qvR‡bi mv‡_ Lvc LvB‡q †bqvi iKvi Av‡Q †m welq¸wji cÖwZ bRi iv‡L| †Kvb KvRUv Av‡M Ki‡Z n‡e, mgm¨v wbim‡bi Rb¨ wK Kiv iKvi †mme wel‡qI wb‡`©wkKv Av‡jvKcvZ K‡i Ges cÖ‡qvRbxq Z_¨ I msÁv cÖ`vb K‡i|


2010 mv‡j ms®‹iYK…Z b~¨bZg gvb n¨vÛeyKwU‡Z bZzb wK Av‡Q?2004 mv‡ji n¨vÛeyK Gi mv‡_ hviv cwiwPZ Zviv eZ©gvb ms¯‹iYK…Z n¨vÛeyK m~wPc‡Î †ewkifvM wel‡qi mv‡_ cwiwPZ _vK‡e| †h welq¸‡jvi Dci †ewk †Rvi †Ìqv n‡q‡Q †m¸‡jv n‡jv:

†cÖÿvcU ch©v‡jvPbv Ges g~j Bmy¨‡K kw³kvjxKiY: myiÿv, g‡bv-mgvwRK mnvqZv, Ø›Ø-msNvZ cÖkgb, `y‡h©vM SuywK n«vm, ˆkkeKvjxb Dbœqb, †RÛvi, GBPAvBwf Ges GBW&m, gvbevwaKvi, GKxf‚Z wkÿv, AvšÍtLvZ ms‡hvM (¯^v¯’¨; cvwb; cqtwb®‹vkb; ¯^v¯’¨wewa cÖeZ©b; Avkªq; Lv`¨ I cywó) Ges bexb| GB g~j Bmy¨¸‡jvi ev¯Íevq‡b mvnvh¨ †c‡Z †`Lyb www.ineesite.org/toolkit.

gvb¸‡jv AR©‡bi Rb¨ g~j wb‡`©wkKvi †P‡q g~j KiYxq¸‡jvi AšÍf©yw³ (cieZ©x c„ôvi e· †`Lyb);

2004 mv‡ji ms¯‹i‡Y cÖ_g Aa¨v‡qi bvg wQj ÒmK‡ji Rb¨ GKB b~¨bZg gvbÓ hv 2010 mv‡ji ms¯‹i‡Y cwieZ©b K‡i ÒwfwËgv‡bi cwimiÓ Kiv n‡q‡Q, GLv‡b mKj wkÿv Kg©Kv‡Ði wfwË wn‡m‡e GB gvbmg~n eënv‡ii cÖ‡qvRbxqZvi Dci Av‡jvKcvZ Kiv n‡q‡Q, GQvov mKj wkÿv Kg©Kv‡Ði mgš^‡qi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv Dcjwä K‡i ÒwkÿvbxwZÓ Aa¨vq †_‡K Òmgš^qÓ gvb‡K c„_K Kiv n‡q‡Q|

†cÖÿvcU we‡kølYgvbweKZvi mvov`v‡b Ges nvjbvMv`K…Z INEE b~¨bZg gvbmg~‡ni g~j welq n‡”Q AvµvšÍ Rb‡Mvôx| m¤ú` I ÿgZvi Amg wbqš¿‡Yi Kvi‡Y `y‡h©vM I Ø›Ø-msNvZ gvby‡li Ici wfbœ wfbœ cÖfve †d‡j| wec`vcbœZv n‡jv Ggb GKUv êwkó¨ ev Ae¯’v hv `y‡h©vM I Ø›Ø-msNv‡Z AvµvšÍ gvbyl‡K AwaK ms‡e`bkxj K‡i †Zv‡j| mvgvwRK, cÖRb¥MZ, kvixwiK, cÖwZ‡ekMZ, cvwievwiK, mvs¯‹…wZK, †fŠ‡MvwjK, A_©‰bwZK I ivR‰bwZK †cÖÿvcU †h¸‡jvi g‡a¨ gvbyl emevm K‡i †m¸‡jv wec`vcbœZv wba©vi‡Y f‚wgKv cvjb K‡i| wec`vcbœ `‡ji g‡a¨ Av‡Q bvix, cÖwZeÜx gvbyl, wkï, evwjKv, †h mg¯Í wkï mk¯¿ evwnbx A_ev `‡ji mv‡_ hy³ Ges GBPAvBwf AvµvšÍ gvbyl| Kvw•LZ jÿ¨ AR©‡b e¨w³, ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôx, mgvR A_ev ms¯’v †_‡K cÖvß kw³, ¸Yvejx Ges mnRcÖvc¨ m¤ú‡ì mgš^qB n‡”Q mÿgZv|

wec`vcbœZv I mÿgZv wKfv‡e †cÖÿvc‡Ui Ici wbf©i K‡i †mUv eyS‡Z n‡j wkÿvi mv‡_ mswkøó mKj cÿ‡K (†÷K‡nvìvi‡ì‡K) †cÖÿvcU we‡køl‡Yi mgq cÖwZwbqZ cwieZ©bkxj wec`vcbœZv I mÿgZv‡K we‡ePbvq wb‡Z n‡e| †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv †ÿ‡Î RvwZ¯^Ëv, †kªwY A_ev eY©, ¯’vbPz¨wZ A_ev ag©xq A_ev ivR‰bwZK gZv`‡k©i Kvi‡Y gvbyl AviI †ewk wec`vcbœ n‡Z cv‡i| GB welq¸‡jv gvbm¤§Z wkÿv‡mev‡K ÿwZMÖ¯Í Ki‡Z cv‡i| gvbweK mvov`vb‡K djcÖm~ Kivi Rb¨ mÿgZv, wec`vcbœZv Ges

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gvby‡li cÖ‡qvRbxqZvi cÖwZwU †ÿ‡Î mgwš^Z ch©v‡jvPbv cÖ‡qvRb| wfwËgv‡bi cwimi †cÖÿvcU ch©v‡jvPbvi †ÿ‡Î wb‡`©wkKv¸‡jv‡K we‡ePbvq iv‡L, n¨vÛey‡Ki me©Î wb‡`©wkKv‡K g~javivi g‡a¨ ivLv n‡q‡Q|

msKUKvjxb mg‡q gvby‡li wec`vcbœZv Kgv‡Z Zv‡ì g‡a¨ Av‡Mi Ae¯’vq wd‡i Avmvi ¸Yvejx I mÿgZv ˆZwi Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| ¯’vbxq mvov`vb‡K eyS‡Z I mnvqZv Ki‡Z Ges ¯’vbxq cÖwZwbwa‡ì mÿgZv ˆZwi‡Z †Rvi w`‡Z n‡e| wfwËgv‡bi †cÖÿvcU ch©v‡jvPbv‡K kw³kvjx Ges g~j welq¸‡jv‡K cÖvavb¨ †`qvi gva¨‡g 2010 mv‡ji n¨vÛeyKwU wkÿv‡ÿ‡Î cÖ¯‘wZ, mvov`vb I c~e©ve¯’vq wd‡i hvIqvi cÖ‡Póv‡K mgwš^Z Ki‡Z Ges mÿgZv, wec`vcbœZv I †cÖwÿZ ch©v‡jvPbv‡K AviI my¯úó Ki‡Z GKwU KvVv‡gv cÖ`vb K‡i|

INEE b~¨bZg gvb Kv‡ì eënvi Kiv DwPZ?mKj mswkøó cÿ, hviv Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z `y‡h©vM SzuwK n«vm I Ø›Ø-msNvZ cÖkgbmn wkÿv cÖ¯‘wZ, mvov`vb I c~e©ve¯’vq wd‡i hvIqvi cÖ‡Póvi mv‡_ RwoZ Zviv Aek¨B GB b~¨bZg gvb, KiYxq I wb‡`©wkKv eënvi I DbœxZ Ki‡e| wbivc` Ges gvbm¤§Z wkÿvi AwfMg¨Zv wbwðZ Ki‡Z Ges †`kxq I AvšÍR©vwZK ch©v‡q mswkøó cÿ‡K (†÷K‡nvìvi‡ì) GKwÎZ Ki‡Z Zviv cÖhyw³MZ Ávb I fv‡jv Abykxjb KvVv‡gv cÖ`vb K‡i|

¯’vbxq Ges RvZxq ch©v‡qi wkÿv KZ©„cÿ;

RvwZms‡Ni ms¯’vmg~n;

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gvb, KiYxq Ges wb‡`©wkKvi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ wK?

cÖwZwU gvb GKB KvVv‡gv AbymiY K‡i, cÖ_gZ b~¨bZg gvbmg~n wba©vwiZ nq †mme bxwZgvjvi Ici wfwË K‡i †h¸‡jv `y‡h©vM I Ø›Ø-msNv‡Z AvµvšÍ gvby‡li gh©v`vi mv‡_ †eu‡P _vKv I wbivc` _vKv Ges gvbm¤§Z I cÖvmw½K wkÿvi AwaKvi‡K cÖwZwôZ K‡i| ZvB G¸‡jv ¯^vfvweKfv‡e ¸YevPK, me©Rbxb I mKj †cÖÿvc‡U cÖ‡hvR¨|

KwZcq KiYxq avivevwnKZvi gva¨‡g gvbmg~n‡K AbymiY K‡i| GUv gvb AR©‡bi GKwU Dcvq| me †cÖÿvc‡U mKj KiYxq cÖ‡hvR¨ bq; mywbw`©ó †cÖÿvcU Abyhvqx Lvc LvB‡q wb‡Z n‡e| gvV ch©v‡q hviv G Kv‡Ri mv‡_ hy³ Av‡Qb Zuviv cÖ‡qvR‡b gvb AR©‡bi Rb¨ weKí KiYxq D™¢veb Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

me‡k‡l, wb‡`©wkKv b~¨bZg gvb wba©viY I ev¯Íevq‡bi mgq fv‡jv D‡`¨vMmg~‡ni D`vniY Ges †hLv‡b cÖ‡qvR‡bi mv‡_ Lvc LvB‡q †bqvi iKvi Av‡Q †m welq¸wji cÖwZ bRi iv‡L| †Kvb KvRUv Av‡M Ki‡Z n‡e, mgm¨v wbim‡bi Rb¨ wK Kiv iKvi †mme wel‡qI wb‡`©wkKv Av‡jvKcvZ K‡i Ges cÖ‡qvRbxq Z_¨ I msÁv cÖ`vb K‡i|


wØ-cvwÿK I eû-cvwÿK `vZv ms¯’vmg~n;

†emiKvwi ms¯’vmg~n; wkÿK AwffveK msNmn Ab¨vb¨ KwgDwbwUwfwËK ms¯’v;

wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x Ges wkÿK BDwbqb;

wkÿv mgš^q KwgwU I wkÿv K¬vóvi;

wkÿv Dc‡`óv;

M‡elK Ges wkÿv mswkøó e¨w³;

gvbevwaKvi I gvbweKZvi c‡ÿ hviv K_v e‡j|

wKfv‡e INEE b~¨bZg gvbmg~n ¯’vbxq †cÖÿvc‡Ui mv‡_ m½wZc~Y© Kiv hvq?gvbevwaKv‡ii Dci wfwË K‡i M‡o DVv me©Rbxb gvbmg~n Ges ev¯Íe †ÿ‡Î G¸‡jv cÖ‡qv‡M mgm¨v i‡q‡Q| GB gvbmg~n me©Rbxb aviYv Abyhvqx gvbm¤§Z wkÿv‡K mgvbfv‡e mK‡ji bvMv‡ji g‡a¨ ivLvi welq wnmv‡e msÁvwqZ Kiv n‡q‡Q, Z‡e KiYxq¸wj cÖwZwU c`‡ÿ‡ci wbw`©ó gvb AR©‡bi K_v e‡j| hwÌ cÖwZwU †cÖÿvcU Avjv`v, ZeyI ¯’vbxq Ae¯’vi mv‡_ m½wZ †i‡L GB n¨vÛey‡Ki ÔKiYxq¸‡jvÕ eënvi Ki‡Z n‡e| †hgb mywbw`©ó Abycv‡Zi †ÿ‡Î ÔKiYxqÕ wb‡`©k K‡i †h, mwVK QvÎ-wkÿK AbycvZ wbwðZ Ki‡Z †ewk wkÿK wb‡qvM Ki‡Z n‡e (wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 5, c„ôv 93 †`Lyb)| QvÎ-wkÿK AbycvZ ¯’vbxqfv‡e MÖnY‡hvM¨ Kivi Rb¨ mswkøó KZ…©c‡ÿi mv‡_ civgk© Ki‡Z n‡e| Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z 60 Rb Qv‡Îi Rb¨ GKRb wkÿK MÖnY‡hvM¨ n‡Z cv‡i, `xN©Kvjxb msK‡U A_ev c~e©ve¯’vq wd‡i hvIqvi †ÿ‡Î GB msL¨v cwiewZ©Z n‡q 30 ev 40 Rb Qv‡Îi Rb¨ GKRb wkÿK n‡Z cv‡i| ¯’vbxqfv‡e MÖnY‡hvM¨ cÖvmw½K Kvh©µg wba©vi‡Yi †ÿ‡Î cÖvmw½KZv, †hgb m¤ú‡ì cwigvY Ges `y‡h©vMKvjxb Ae¯’v Aek¨B we‡ePbv Ki‡Z n‡e|

Av`k©MZfv‡e Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z Avc`Kvjxb wkÿv cwiKíbv I cÖ¯‘wZi Ask wnmv‡e cÖvmw½KZv‡K AMÖvwaKvi w`‡Z n‡e| INEE b~¨bZg gvb eënviKvix‡ì AwfÁZv †_‡K †`Lv hvq †h †Kv‡bv AskMÖnYg~jK I mn‡hvwMZvg~jK Kv‡Ri †ÿ‡Î cÖvmw½KZv †ewk Kvh©Ki| GB gvb¸‡jv c~i‡Yi Rb¨ †hLv‡b wkÿv mgš^q KwgwU Ges wkÿv K¬vóvi GKwU Av`k© †dvivg †mLv‡b Avjvc Av‡jvPbvi gva¨‡g ¯’vbxqfv‡e cÖvmw½K, mymsMwVZ, ev¯Íevqb‡hvM¨ c`‡ÿçwj wPwýZ Kiv hvq (for guidance on

contextualisation of the INEE Minimum Standards, go to INEE Toolkit; www.ineesite.org/ toolkit)|

wKQz wKQz †ÿ‡Î ¯v’ bxq welq¸‡jv g‡b Kwi‡q †`q †h, b~ bZg gvb I gj~ Kvhµ© gmgn~ ¯í mg‡q ARb© m¤e¢ bq| hLb Ggb cwiw¯w’ Z ˆZwi nq ZLb n¨vÛeKy I ev¯eÍ

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Rxe‡bi b~ bZg gvb I gj~ Kvhµ© ‡gi eëav‡bi cwÖ Z `w„ ó †`qvUv Ley B Riæwi n‡q c‡o| G‡ÿ‡Î mgm¨v¸‡jv cixÿv Ki‡Z n‡e Ges gvb Abhy vqx cwieZb© †KŠkj wPwýZ Ki‡Z n‡e| Gici Kgm© w~ P Ges bxwZi Dbqœ b Kiv hvq I eëavb Kgv‡bvi Rb¨ GW‡fv‡Kmx Kiv hvq|

INEE b~¨bZg gvb ev¯Íevqb I cÖvwZôvwbKi‡Yi mnvqK Uzjm

INEE b~¨bZg gv‡bi cÖvwZôvwbK iƒc I cÖ‡qv‡M mnvqZv Kivi DcKiY INEE I‡qe mvB‡U i‡q‡Q| INEE website: www.ineesite.org/standards.

INEE b~¨bZg gv‡bi Abyev`:www.ineesite.org/translations

2004 mv‡ji INEE b~¨bZg gv‡bi ms®‹iYwU 23wU fvlvq cvIqv hv‡”Q| eZ©gvb ms®‹iYwU Aviex, divmx, ¯ú¨vwbk, cZz©MxR Ges Ab¨vb¨ fvlvq Avbyev` Kiv n‡q‡Q|

INEE Toolkitwww.ineesite.org/ toolkit

INEE Toolkit G i‡q‡Q INEE b~¨bZg gv‡bi n¨vÐeyK, cÖwkÿY Ges cÖPviYvg~jK Dbœqb Dcv`vb (mKj Abyev` Gi AšÍfz©³), †mB mv‡_ Av‡Q wb‡`©wkKv¸wj‡K †cÖÿvcU Abyhvqx cÖvmw½K I msMwZc~Y© K‡i gvbm¤§Z Kivi ev¯Íem¤§Z Uzjm| GB Uzj¸‡jv n¨vÛey‡Ki cÖwZwU Aa¨v‡qi wbw`©ó wel‡qi ÔKiYxqÕi mv‡_ hy³| Toolkit G Av‡Q wewfbœ ai‡bi INEE Uzjm hv INEE b~¨bZg gvbmg~‡ni cwic~iK I mnvqK wnmv‡e ˆZwi Kiv n‡q‡Q| †hgb- wbivc` ¯‹zj wbg©vY wb‡`©wkKv, wkÿK‡ì fvZv wba©viY wb‡`©wkKv, wkÿY I wkLb wb‡`©wkKv, GKxf‚Z wkÿv c‡KU MvBW Ges †RÛvi c‡KU MvBW|

INEE Minimum Standard Reference Tool:www.ineesite.org/MSreferencetool.

GB Ujz wU mKj gv‡bi ZvwjKv, KiYxq wb‡`w© kKvmgn~ mn‡R cvV Kivi g‡Zv K‡i ˆZwi GKwU †idv‡iÝ MvBW hv GK cj‡K †`Lvi fvu R cÎ ejv hvq|

INEE b~ bZg gvb cvÖ wZôvwbKiY †PKwjó: www.ineesite.org/institutionalisation.

wewfbœ msMV‡bi (RvwZmsN, GbwRI, †emiKvwi Dbqœ b ms¯v’ , miKvi, `vZv, wkÿv mgšq KwgwU Ges wkÿv Kv¬ ÷vi) mwy bw`ó© c‡Ö qvR‡bi K_v g‡b †i‡L GUv ˆZwi Kiv n‡q‡Q, GB †PKwj÷ wewfbœ Kvhµ© g‡K mwb‡œ ewkZ K‡i hv‡Z Af¨šiÍ xY, wØcvwÿK I eûcvwÿK Kv‡Ri b~ bZg gvb‡K mmy snZ Ki‡Z cv‡i|


wØ-cvwÿK I eû-cvwÿK `vZv ms¯’vmg~n;

†emiKvwi ms¯’vmg~n; wkÿK AwffveK msNmn Ab¨vb¨ KwgDwbwUwfwËK ms¯’v;

wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x Ges wkÿK BDwbqb;

wkÿv mgš^q KwgwU I wkÿv K¬vóvi;

wkÿv Dc‡`óv;

M‡elK Ges wkÿv mswkøó e¨w³;

gvbevwaKvi I gvbweKZvi c‡ÿ hviv K_v e‡j|

wKfv‡e INEE b~¨bZg gvbmg~n ¯’vbxq †cÖÿvc‡Ui mv‡_ m½wZc~Y© Kiv hvq?gvbevwaKv‡ii Dci wfwË K‡i M‡o DVv me©Rbxb gvbmg~n Ges ev¯Íe †ÿ‡Î G¸‡jv cÖ‡qv‡M mgm¨v i‡q‡Q| GB gvbmg~n me©Rbxb aviYv Abyhvqx gvbm¤§Z wkÿv‡K mgvbfv‡e mK‡ji bvMv‡ji g‡a¨ ivLvi welq wnmv‡e msÁvwqZ Kiv n‡q‡Q, Z‡e KiYxq¸wj cÖwZwU c`‡ÿ‡ci wbw`©ó gvb AR©‡bi K_v e‡j| hwÌ cÖwZwU †cÖÿvcU Avjv`v, ZeyI ¯’vbxq Ae¯’vi mv‡_ m½wZ †i‡L GB n¨vÛey‡Ki ÔKiYxq¸‡jvÕ eënvi Ki‡Z n‡e| †hgb mywbw`©ó Abycv‡Zi †ÿ‡Î ÔKiYxqÕ wb‡`©k K‡i †h, mwVK QvÎ-wkÿK AbycvZ wbwðZ Ki‡Z †ewk wkÿK wb‡qvM Ki‡Z n‡e (wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 5, c„ôv 93 †`Lyb)| QvÎ-wkÿK AbycvZ ¯’vbxqfv‡e MÖnY‡hvM¨ Kivi Rb¨ mswkøó KZ…©c‡ÿi mv‡_ civgk© Ki‡Z n‡e| Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z 60 Rb Qv‡Îi Rb¨ GKRb wkÿK MÖnY‡hvM¨ n‡Z cv‡i, `xN©Kvjxb msK‡U A_ev c~e©ve¯’vq wd‡i hvIqvi †ÿ‡Î GB msL¨v cwiewZ©Z n‡q 30 ev 40 Rb Qv‡Îi Rb¨ GKRb wkÿK n‡Z cv‡i| ¯’vbxqfv‡e MÖnY‡hvM¨ cÖvmw½K Kvh©µg wba©vi‡Yi †ÿ‡Î cÖvmw½KZv, †hgb m¤ú‡ì cwigvY Ges `y‡h©vMKvjxb Ae¯’v Aek¨B we‡ePbv Ki‡Z n‡e|

Av`k©MZfv‡e Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z Avc`Kvjxb wkÿv cwiKíbv I cÖ¯‘wZi Ask wnmv‡e cÖvmw½KZv‡K AMÖvwaKvi w`‡Z n‡e| INEE b~¨bZg gvb eënviKvix‡ì AwfÁZv †_‡K †`Lv hvq †h †Kv‡bv AskMÖnYg~jK I mn‡hvwMZvg~jK Kv‡Ri †ÿ‡Î cÖvmw½KZv †ewk Kvh©Ki| GB gvb¸‡jv c~i‡Yi Rb¨ †hLv‡b wkÿv mgš^q KwgwU Ges wkÿv K¬vóvi GKwU Av`k© †dvivg †mLv‡b Avjvc Av‡jvPbvi gva¨‡g ¯’vbxqfv‡e cÖvmw½K, mymsMwVZ, ev¯Íevqb‡hvM¨ c`‡ÿçwj wPwýZ Kiv hvq (for guidance on

contextualisation of the INEE Minimum Standards, go to INEE Toolkit; www.ineesite.org/ toolkit)|

wKQz wKQz †ÿ‡Î ¯v’ bxq welq¸‡jv g‡b Kwi‡q †`q †h, b~ bZg gvb I gj~ Kvhµ© gmgn~ ¯í mg‡q ARb© m¤e¢ bq| hLb Ggb cwiw¯w’ Z ˆZwi nq ZLb n¨vÛeKy I ev¯eÍ

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Rxe‡bi b~ bZg gvb I gj~ Kvhµ© ‡gi eëav‡bi cwÖ Z `w„ ó †`qvUv Ley B Riæwi n‡q c‡o| G‡ÿ‡Î mgm¨v¸‡jv cixÿv Ki‡Z n‡e Ges gvb Abhy vqx cwieZb© †KŠkj wPwýZ Ki‡Z n‡e| Gici Kgm© w~ P Ges bxwZi Dbqœ b Kiv hvq I eëavb Kgv‡bvi Rb¨ GW‡fv‡Kmx Kiv hvq|

INEE b~¨bZg gvb ev¯Íevqb I cÖvwZôvwbKi‡Yi mnvqK Uzjm

INEE b~¨bZg gv‡bi cÖvwZôvwbK iƒc I cÖ‡qv‡M mnvqZv Kivi DcKiY INEE I‡qe mvB‡U i‡q‡Q| INEE website: www.ineesite.org/standards.

INEE b~¨bZg gv‡bi Abyev`:www.ineesite.org/translations

2004 mv‡ji INEE b~¨bZg gv‡bi ms®‹iYwU 23wU fvlvq cvIqv hv‡”Q| eZ©gvb ms®‹iYwU Aviex, divmx, ¯ú¨vwbk, cZz©MxR Ges Ab¨vb¨ fvlvq Avbyev` Kiv n‡q‡Q|

INEE Toolkitwww.ineesite.org/ toolkit

INEE Toolkit G i‡q‡Q INEE b~¨bZg gv‡bi n¨vÐeyK, cÖwkÿY Ges cÖPviYvg~jK Dbœqb Dcv`vb (mKj Abyev` Gi AšÍfz©³), †mB mv‡_ Av‡Q wb‡`©wkKv¸wj‡K †cÖÿvcU Abyhvqx cÖvmw½K I msMwZc~Y© K‡i gvbm¤§Z Kivi ev¯Íem¤§Z Uzjm| GB Uzj¸‡jv n¨vÛey‡Ki cÖwZwU Aa¨v‡qi wbw`©ó wel‡qi ÔKiYxqÕi mv‡_ hy³| Toolkit G Av‡Q wewfbœ ai‡bi INEE Uzjm hv INEE b~¨bZg gvbmg~‡ni cwic~iK I mnvqK wnmv‡e ˆZwi Kiv n‡q‡Q| †hgb- wbivc` ¯‹zj wbg©vY wb‡`©wkKv, wkÿK‡ì fvZv wba©viY wb‡`©wkKv, wkÿY I wkLb wb‡`©wkKv, GKxf‚Z wkÿv c‡KU MvBW Ges †RÛvi c‡KU MvBW|

INEE Minimum Standard Reference Tool:www.ineesite.org/MSreferencetool.

GB Ujz wU mKj gv‡bi ZvwjKv, KiYxq wb‡`w© kKvmgn~ mn‡R cvV Kivi g‡Zv K‡i ˆZwi GKwU †idv‡iÝ MvBW hv GK cj‡K †`Lvi fvu R cÎ ejv hvq|

INEE b~ bZg gvb cvÖ wZôvwbKiY †PKwjó: www.ineesite.org/institutionalisation.

wewfbœ msMV‡bi (RvwZmsN, GbwRI, †emiKvwi Dbqœ b ms¯v’ , miKvi, `vZv, wkÿv mgšq KwgwU Ges wkÿv Kv¬ ÷vi) mwy bw`ó© c‡Ö qvR‡bi K_v g‡b †i‡L GUv ˆZwi Kiv n‡q‡Q, GB †PKwj÷ wewfbœ Kvhµ© g‡K mwb‡œ ewkZ K‡i hv‡Z Af¨šiÍ xY, wØcvwÿK I eûcvwÿK Kv‡Ri b~ bZg gvb‡K mmy snZ Ki‡Z cv‡i|


`y‡h©v‡M AvµvšÍ Rb‡Mvôxi wkÿv AwaKvi Ges Pvwn`v c~i‡Y gvbweK Revew`wnZv‡K DbœZ Kivi gva¨g wn‡m‡e INEE b~¨bZg gvb ˆZwi Kiv n‡q‡Q| msK‡U AvµvšÍ Rb‡Mvôxi Rxe‡b Zvrch©c~Y© cwieZ©b AvbvB n‡”Q Gi g~j jÿ¨| †Kv‡bv n¨vÛeyKB GKKfv‡e GUv AR©b Ki‡Z cv‡i bv- wKš‘ hviv `y‡h©v‡M mvov w`‡”Qb Zuviv cvi‡eb| INEE -2010 ms¯‹i‡Yi Dci gZvgZ Ae¯’vb Ki‡Q, hv fwel¨‡Z bZzb ms¯‹i‡Yi †ÿ‡Î mvnvh¨ Ki‡e| GB Rb¨ n¨vÛey‡Ki †cQ‡b mshy³ gZvgZ dig eënvi Kiæb A_ev www.ineesite.org/feedback †`Lyb|

INEE b~¨bZg gvbmg~n wKfv‡e eënvi Kiv DwPZ?Ab¨vb¨ Aa¨v‡q gvb¸‡jv cÖ‡qvM Kivi mgq memgqB wfwËgvb eënvi Ki‡Z n‡e| wewfbœ Aa¨vq¸‡jv n‡jv: AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek, wkÿY I wkLb, wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x Ges wkÿvbxwZ| cÖ‡Z¨KwU Aa¨v‡qi mswÿß cwiwPwZ co‡Z n‡e hv H Aa¨v‡qi cÖwZwU cÖvmw½K welq Abyhvqx mvRv‡bv n‡q‡Q| fv‡jv Abykxj‡bi †UKwbK¨vj Uzjm gvb ev¯Íevq‡b mvnvh¨ K‡i| INEE Toolkit Rvb‡Z †`Lyb: www.ineesite.org/toolkit.

gvbweK mvov`v‡bi cwiKíbv, ev¯Íevqb, cwiexÿY Ges g~j¨vq‡bi Rb¨ INEE b~¨bZg gvb n¨vÛeyKwU ˆZwi Kiv n‡q‡Q (wb‡P D`vniY - 1 †`Lyb)| GB eBUvi eënvi AviI djcÖm~ n‡e hw` mswkøó †÷K‡nvìviiv GB eBwUi mv‡_ Av‡MB cwiwPZ _v‡K A_ev Riæwi mvov`v‡b eënv‡ii Av‡MB hw` G e¨vcv‡i cÖwkÿY †c‡q _v‡K (wb‡P D`vniY -2 †`Lyb)| mÿgZv ˆZwii Rb¨ cÖwkÿY mnvwqKv wnmv‡e INEE b~¨bZg gvb n¨vÛeyKwU LyeB ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| gvbweKZv Ges m¤ú‡ì †hvMvb m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbvi mgq GUv GW‡fv‡Kwm Uzj wnmv‡e eënvi Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i (wb‡P D`vniY -3 †`Lyb)| `y‡h©vM cÖ¯‘wZ, Avc`Kvjxb cwiKíbv Ges wewfbœ Lv‡Zi g‡a¨ mgš^‡qi †ÿ‡Î GB n¨vÛeyKwU DcKvix|

INEE b~¨bZg gvbmg~n AR©b m¤¢e2004 mvj †_‡K INEE b~¨bZg gvb n¨vÛeyKwUi hvÎv ïiæ n‡q‡Q; Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ †_‡K c~e©ve¯’vq wd‡i Avmv ch©šÍ wkÿvi ¸YMZ gvb DbœZ Kivi Rb¨ GB n¨vÛeyKwU 80wUiI †ewk †`‡k djcÖm~ GKwU Uzjm wnmv‡e cÖgvwYZ n‡q‡Q| b~¨bZg gvbmg~n GKwU mvaviY KvVv‡gv cÖ`vb K‡i Ges wewfbœ †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì †hgb - miKvwi Kg©KZ©v, ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôx Ges AvšÍR©vwZK ms¯’vmg~‡ni m`m¨‡ì jÿ¨mg~n AR©‡b mnvqZv cÖ`vb K‡i| INEE b~¨bZg gvbmg~‡ni eënviKvixiv GB n¨vÛeyKwU wb‡Pi KvRMy‡jv Ki‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i e‡j Rvwb‡q‡Qb :

Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ †_‡K c~e©ve¯’vq wd‡i Avmv ch©šÍ wkÿv Kvh©µg cwiKíbv I ev¯Íevq‡b ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi A_©c~Y© AskMÖnY wbwðZ K‡i;

wkÿv wbiƒcY I mvov`v‡b ¸iæZ¡c~Y© mgš^q K‡i;

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13 14wkÿvi b~¨bZg gvb: cÖ¯‘wZ, mvov`vb, c~e©ve¯’vq cÖZ¨veZ©‡bi cÖ‡Póv

RvZxq wkÿv eë¯’v‡K kw³kvjx K‡i;

DbœZ †mev cÖ`v‡b Ae`vb iv‡L;

Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ †_‡K c~e©ve¯’vq wd‡i Avmvi †Póv Ges Dbœq‡b wkÿv Kvh©µgcwiexÿY Ges g~j¨vqb K‡i;

D”P gvbm¤§Z wkÿv Kvh©µg ev¯Íevq‡b Ávb I `ÿZv e„w×‡Z mÿgZv ˆZwi K‡i;

wkÿv Lv‡Z `vZv‡ì wewb‡qvM‡K w`K wb‡`©kbv †`q|

INEE b~¨bZg gvbmg~n wkÿv‡mev`vbKvix‡ì Rb¨ g~j Revew`wnZvg~jK Uzjm wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i| `vZvms¯’vmg~n wkÿv cÖK‡íi fv‡jv Ges MÖnY‡hvM¨ KvVv‡gv wnmv‡e G¸‡jv‡K e¨vcKfv‡e eënvi Ki‡Q Ges mn‡hvwMZv Ki‡Q| b~¨bZg gvbmg~n wKfv‡e we‡kl †ÿ‡Î eëüZ n‡q‡Q Zvi wKQz D`vniY wb‡gœ †`qv n‡jv:

1. Biv‡K we`¨vjq cybe©vmb: Biv‡K hy×Kvjxb mg‡q gvbyl evwo-Ni †Q‡o cvjv‡Z eva¨ n‡qwQ‡jb| dvjyRv kn‡ii cuvPwU miKvwi we`¨vj‡qi cybe©vm‡bi Rb¨ INEE b~¨bZg gvbmg~n eënvi Kiv n‡qwQj| QvÎ, AwffveK, wkÿK‡ì g‡a¨ hy×Kvjxb mg‡q huviv GjvKv‡ZB wQ‡jb Ges huviv cieZ©x‡Z wd‡i G‡mwQ‡jb DfqB 2007 mv‡j ¯‹zj cybe©vmb Kvh©µ‡g AskMÖnY K‡iwQ‡jb| Zviv mevB †dvKvm MÖæc Av‡jvPbvi gva¨‡g †Kvb welq¸‡jv‡K cÖv_wgK ch©v‡q ¸iæZ¡ w`‡Z n‡e Zv wba©viY K‡iwQ‡jb| KwgDwbwU AskMÖnY gvb Ges AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gv‡bi Dci wfwË K‡i wb‡`©wkKv ˆZwi Kiv n‡qwQj, †mLv‡b cvwb I cqtwb®‹vkb Ges †kÖwYKÿ ˆZwi‡K AMÖvwaKvi †`qv n‡qwQj Ges GKwU KwgDwbwU wkÿv KwgwU MVb Kiv n‡qwQj| GB KwgwU‡Z †g‡q‡ì AskMÖnY wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ GB Kvh©µ‡gi gwnjv Kg©xiv evwo‡Z evwo‡Z wM‡q gv Ges wK‡kvix †g‡q‡ì mv‡_ K_v e‡jwQ‡jb Ges †g‡q‡ì we`¨vj‡q Dcw¯’wZi nvi †Kb Kg Zv wbY©q K‡iwQ‡jb| †g‡q‡ì wbivcËvi K_v †f‡e †g‡q wkÿv_©x‡ì GKmv‡_ we`¨vj‡q Avmv hvIqv A_ev GKRb cvnviv`v‡ii eë¯’v Kiv n‡qwQ‡jv| we`¨vj‡q Kg©iZ GKRb cyiæl wkÿK GKv KvR Ki‡Z A¯^w¯Í‡eva Ki‡j KwgDwbwU wkÿv KwgwU we`¨vjq cÖkvm‡bi mv‡_ wb‡qvM cÖwµqvq ¯^”QZv evov‡Z KvR K‡i| GwU cwievi¸‡jv‡K Avk¦¯Í K‡i †h wkï‡ì Rb¨ `vwqZ¡c~Y©Kv‡R wkÿK‡ì wek¦vm Kiv hvq Ges we`¨vj‡q wkÿv_©x‡ì Dcw¯’wZ evov‡bvi e¨vcv‡i Zuviv f‚wgKv ivL‡Z cv‡i|

2. fviZ gnvmvMixq mybvwgi ci wewfbœ ms¯’vi mgš^q: 2004 mv‡ji wW‡m¤î gv‡m B‡›`v‡bwkqv‡Z mybvgx Ges f‚wgK‡¤ú Rvbgv‡ji e¨vcK ÿqÿwZ nq| Av‡Pn cÖ‡`‡k 44,000 QvÎ 2,500 wkÿK Ges wkÿvKg©x GB `y‡h©v‡M wbnZ n‡qwQj Ges †eu‡P hvIqv 1,50,000 wkÿv_©x h_vh_ wkÿv myweav nvwi‡qwQj| mvov`vb ch©v‡q cÖvmw½K cwiKíbv Ges ev¯Íevqb Uzj wn‡m‡e INEE b~¨bZg gvb e¨vcKfv‡e M„nxZ n‡qwQj, Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z D”P ch©v‡qi mgš^q Ges DbœZ Abykxjb cwi‡ek ˆZwi‡Z mnvqZv

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`y‡h©v‡M AvµvšÍ Rb‡Mvôxi wkÿv AwaKvi Ges Pvwn`v c~i‡Y gvbweK Revew`wnZv‡K DbœZ Kivi gva¨g wn‡m‡e INEE b~¨bZg gvb ˆZwi Kiv n‡q‡Q| msK‡U AvµvšÍ Rb‡Mvôxi Rxe‡b Zvrch©c~Y© cwieZ©b AvbvB n‡”Q Gi g~j jÿ¨| †Kv‡bv n¨vÛeyKB GKKfv‡e GUv AR©b Ki‡Z cv‡i bv- wKš‘ hviv `y‡h©v‡M mvov w`‡”Qb Zuviv cvi‡eb| INEE -2010 ms¯‹i‡Yi Dci gZvgZ Ae¯’vb Ki‡Q, hv fwel¨‡Z bZzb ms¯‹i‡Yi †ÿ‡Î mvnvh¨ Ki‡e| GB Rb¨ n¨vÛey‡Ki †cQ‡b mshy³ gZvgZ dig eënvi Kiæb A_ev www.ineesite.org/feedback †`Lyb|

INEE b~¨bZg gvbmg~n wKfv‡e eënvi Kiv DwPZ?Ab¨vb¨ Aa¨v‡q gvb¸‡jv cÖ‡qvM Kivi mgq memgqB wfwËgvb eënvi Ki‡Z n‡e| wewfbœ Aa¨vq¸‡jv n‡jv: AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek, wkÿY I wkLb, wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x Ges wkÿvbxwZ| cÖ‡Z¨KwU Aa¨v‡qi mswÿß cwiwPwZ co‡Z n‡e hv H Aa¨v‡qi cÖwZwU cÖvmw½K welq Abyhvqx mvRv‡bv n‡q‡Q| fv‡jv Abykxj‡bi †UKwbK¨vj Uzjm gvb ev¯Íevq‡b mvnvh¨ K‡i| INEE Toolkit Rvb‡Z †`Lyb: www.ineesite.org/toolkit.

gvbweK mvov`v‡bi cwiKíbv, ev¯Íevqb, cwiexÿY Ges g~j¨vq‡bi Rb¨ INEE b~¨bZg gvb n¨vÛeyKwU ˆZwi Kiv n‡q‡Q (wb‡P D`vniY - 1 †`Lyb)| GB eBUvi eënvi AviI djcÖm~ n‡e hw` mswkøó †÷K‡nvìviiv GB eBwUi mv‡_ Av‡MB cwiwPZ _v‡K A_ev Riæwi mvov`v‡b eënv‡ii Av‡MB hw` G e¨vcv‡i cÖwkÿY †c‡q _v‡K (wb‡P D`vniY -2 †`Lyb)| mÿgZv ˆZwii Rb¨ cÖwkÿY mnvwqKv wnmv‡e INEE b~¨bZg gvb n¨vÛeyKwU LyeB ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| gvbweKZv Ges m¤ú‡ì †hvMvb m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbvi mgq GUv GW‡fv‡Kwm Uzj wnmv‡e eënvi Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i (wb‡P D`vniY -3 †`Lyb)| `y‡h©vM cÖ¯‘wZ, Avc`Kvjxb cwiKíbv Ges wewfbœ Lv‡Zi g‡a¨ mgš^‡qi †ÿ‡Î GB n¨vÛeyKwU DcKvix|

INEE b~¨bZg gvbmg~n AR©b m¤¢e2004 mvj †_‡K INEE b~¨bZg gvb n¨vÛeyKwUi hvÎv ïiæ n‡q‡Q; Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ †_‡K c~e©ve¯’vq wd‡i Avmv ch©šÍ wkÿvi ¸YMZ gvb DbœZ Kivi Rb¨ GB n¨vÛeyKwU 80wUiI †ewk †`‡k djcÖm~ GKwU Uzjm wnmv‡e cÖgvwYZ n‡q‡Q| b~¨bZg gvbmg~n GKwU mvaviY KvVv‡gv cÖ`vb K‡i Ges wewfbœ †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì †hgb - miKvwi Kg©KZ©v, ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôx Ges AvšÍR©vwZK ms¯’vmg~‡ni m`m¨‡ì jÿ¨mg~n AR©‡b mnvqZv cÖ`vb K‡i| INEE b~¨bZg gvbmg~‡ni eënviKvixiv GB n¨vÛeyKwU wb‡Pi KvRMy‡jv Ki‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i e‡j Rvwb‡q‡Qb :

Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ †_‡K c~e©ve¯’vq wd‡i Avmv ch©šÍ wkÿv Kvh©µg cwiKíbv I ev¯Íevq‡b ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi A_©c~Y© AskMÖnY wbwðZ K‡i;

wkÿv wbiƒcY I mvov`v‡b ¸iæZ¡c~Y© mgš^q K‡i;

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13 14wkÿvi b~¨bZg gvb: cÖ¯‘wZ, mvov`vb, c~e©ve¯’vq cÖZ¨veZ©‡bi cÖ‡Póv

RvZxq wkÿv eë¯’v‡K kw³kvjx K‡i;

DbœZ †mev cÖ`v‡b Ae`vb iv‡L;

Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ †_‡K c~e©ve¯’vq wd‡i Avmvi †Póv Ges Dbœq‡b wkÿv Kvh©µgcwiexÿY Ges g~j¨vqb K‡i;

D”P gvbm¤§Z wkÿv Kvh©µg ev¯Íevq‡b Ávb I `ÿZv e„w×‡Z mÿgZv ˆZwi K‡i;

wkÿv Lv‡Z `vZv‡ì wewb‡qvM‡K w`K wb‡`©kbv †`q|

INEE b~¨bZg gvbmg~n wkÿv‡mev`vbKvix‡ì Rb¨ g~j Revew`wnZvg~jK Uzjm wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i| `vZvms¯’vmg~n wkÿv cÖK‡íi fv‡jv Ges MÖnY‡hvM¨ KvVv‡gv wnmv‡e G¸‡jv‡K e¨vcKfv‡e eënvi Ki‡Q Ges mn‡hvwMZv Ki‡Q| b~¨bZg gvbmg~n wKfv‡e we‡kl †ÿ‡Î eëüZ n‡q‡Q Zvi wKQz D`vniY wb‡gœ †`qv n‡jv:

1. Biv‡K we`¨vjq cybe©vmb: Biv‡K hy×Kvjxb mg‡q gvbyl evwo-Ni †Q‡o cvjv‡Z eva¨ n‡qwQ‡jb| dvjyRv kn‡ii cuvPwU miKvwi we`¨vj‡qi cybe©vm‡bi Rb¨ INEE b~¨bZg gvbmg~n eënvi Kiv n‡qwQj| QvÎ, AwffveK, wkÿK‡ì g‡a¨ hy×Kvjxb mg‡q huviv GjvKv‡ZB wQ‡jb Ges huviv cieZ©x‡Z wd‡i G‡mwQ‡jb DfqB 2007 mv‡j ¯‹zj cybe©vmb Kvh©µ‡g AskMÖnY K‡iwQ‡jb| Zviv mevB †dvKvm MÖæc Av‡jvPbvi gva¨‡g †Kvb welq¸‡jv‡K cÖv_wgK ch©v‡q ¸iæZ¡ w`‡Z n‡e Zv wba©viY K‡iwQ‡jb| KwgDwbwU AskMÖnY gvb Ges AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gv‡bi Dci wfwË K‡i wb‡`©wkKv ˆZwi Kiv n‡qwQj, †mLv‡b cvwb I cqtwb®‹vkb Ges †kÖwYKÿ ˆZwi‡K AMÖvwaKvi †`qv n‡qwQj Ges GKwU KwgDwbwU wkÿv KwgwU MVb Kiv n‡qwQj| GB KwgwU‡Z †g‡q‡ì AskMÖnY wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ GB Kvh©µ‡gi gwnjv Kg©xiv evwo‡Z evwo‡Z wM‡q gv Ges wK‡kvix †g‡q‡ì mv‡_ K_v e‡jwQ‡jb Ges †g‡q‡ì we`¨vj‡q Dcw¯’wZi nvi †Kb Kg Zv wbY©q K‡iwQ‡jb| †g‡q‡ì wbivcËvi K_v †f‡e †g‡q wkÿv_©x‡ì GKmv‡_ we`¨vj‡q Avmv hvIqv A_ev GKRb cvnviv`v‡ii eë¯’v Kiv n‡qwQ‡jv| we`¨vj‡q Kg©iZ GKRb cyiæl wkÿK GKv KvR Ki‡Z A¯^w¯Í‡eva Ki‡j KwgDwbwU wkÿv KwgwU we`¨vjq cÖkvm‡bi mv‡_ wb‡qvM cÖwµqvq ¯^”QZv evov‡Z KvR K‡i| GwU cwievi¸‡jv‡K Avk¦¯Í K‡i †h wkï‡ì Rb¨ `vwqZ¡c~Y©Kv‡R wkÿK‡ì wek¦vm Kiv hvq Ges we`¨vj‡q wkÿv_©x‡ì Dcw¯’wZ evov‡bvi e¨vcv‡i Zuviv f‚wgKv ivL‡Z cv‡i|

2. fviZ gnvmvMixq mybvwgi ci wewfbœ ms¯’vi mgš^q: 2004 mv‡ji wW‡m¤î gv‡m B‡›`v‡bwkqv‡Z mybvgx Ges f‚wgK‡¤ú Rvbgv‡ji e¨vcK ÿqÿwZ nq| Av‡Pn cÖ‡`‡k 44,000 QvÎ 2,500 wkÿK Ges wkÿvKg©x GB `y‡h©v‡M wbnZ n‡qwQj Ges †eu‡P hvIqv 1,50,000 wkÿv_©x h_vh_ wkÿv myweav nvwi‡qwQj| mvov`vb ch©v‡q cÖvmw½K cwiKíbv Ges ev¯Íevqb Uzj wn‡m‡e INEE b~¨bZg gvb e¨vcKfv‡e M„nxZ n‡qwQj, Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z D”P ch©v‡qi mgš^q Ges DbœZ Abykxjb cwi‡ek ˆZwi‡Z mnvqZv

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K‡iwQj| mgš^‡qi Dci b~¨bZg gvb eënvi K‡i ¯’vbxq KZ…©cÿ Ges AvšÍ©RvwZK ms¯’vmg~n GKwU Ôwkÿv mgš^q KwgwUÕ MVb K‡iwQj, hv ev›`v Av‡Pn †Z wbqwgZ êVK Ki‡Zv| B›Uvi G‡RwÝ wgwbgvg ÷¨vÛvW© Iq©vwKs MÖæc INEE b~¨bZg gvb eënvi, AwfÁZv wewbgq I fv‡jv Kv‡Ri Abykxj‡bi Rb¨ ms¯’vi Kg©x‡ì cÖwkÿY w`‡qwQj| GB n¨vÛeyK `ªæZ B‡›`v‡bwkqvb fvlvq Abyev` Kiv n‡qwQj Ges Zv‡ì Av‡Pn cÖ‡`‡ki wkÿv gš¿Yvj‡q GwU e¨vcKfv‡e eëüZ n‡qwQj| GLvb †_‡K Kg©xiv Pig `y‡h©v‡M wKfv‡e ev¯Íevqb I mgš^q †KŠkj Pvjy ivLv hvq †m wkÿv AR©b K‡iwQj| G ai‡bi `y‡h©vM cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wKfv‡e mgš^q DbœZ Kiv hvq †m m¤ú‡K© bZzb Kg©x‡ì Iwi‡q‡›Uk‡bi mgq INEE b~¨bZg gv‡bi Ici GKwU avivevwnK cÖwkÿY †Ìqv n‡qwQj hv cieZ©x‡Z Zv‡ì Kv‡Ri †ÿ‡Î GKwU eo cÖfve †d‡jwQj|

3. `vZv‡ì bxwZgvjv‡K mymsnZ Kiv: cuvPwU `vZv ms¯’vi g‡a¨ biI‡q Ab¨Zg hviv wkÿv‡K Zv‡ì Ab¨Zg gvbweK bxwZi g‡a¨ AšÍf©y³ K‡iwQj hv INEE Ges b~¨bZg gvbmg~‡ni mnvqK wQj| 2007 mv‡j biI‡qwRqvb G‡RwÝ di †Wfjc‡g›U (NORAD) Riæwi wkÿv `j MVb K‡iwQj hv biIBwRqvb G‡RwÝ di †Wfjc‡g›U (NORAD), wgwbwóª Ad d‡ib G‡dqvm© (MFA) Ges Zv‡ì mn‡hvMx msMVb Øviv cÖwZkÖæwZe× wQj †h Zviv INEE b~¨bZg gvbmg~n wbqggvwdK eënvi, ev¯Íe cÖ‡qvM Ges m‡PZbZv e„w×‡Z mnvqZv Ki‡e| Riæwi wkÿv `j NORAD I MFA †K wkÿv †ÿ‡Î †ewk Aby`vb cÖ`v‡b civgk© †`q Ges INEE ey‡jwU‡bi cÖvmw½K Z_¨mg~n Zvi mnKg©x‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z e‡j| GB g‡g© mycvwik Kiv nq †h, †h mKj ms¯’vmg~n NORAD Gi Kv‡Q Avw_©K mn‡hvwMZv †P‡q‡Q Zviv Aek¨B INEE b~¨bZg gvbmg~n eënvi m¤ú‡K© we¯ÍvwiZ eY©bv w`‡e| 2008 mv‡j BDwb‡md, wek¦e¨vsK Ges BD‡ivwcqvb BDwbqbmn `wÿY my`v‡b †h evrmwiK mfv AbywôZ n‡qwQj †mLv‡b INEE b~¨bZg gvbmg~n Uvg©m Ad †idv‡iÝ wnmv‡e AšÍfz©³ wQj| Gfv‡e NORAD Gi mn‡hvMx `vZv msMVb Ges `wÿY my`v‡bi wkÿv gš¿Yvjq Øviv INEE b~¨bZg gvbmg~‡ni eënvi I cÖvwZôvwbKiY‡K Z¡ivwš^Z K‡iwQj, hvi `vwqZ¡ wQj wkÿvLv‡Zi cybtwbg©vY| NORAD b~¨bZg gv‡bi cÖvwZôvwbKi‡Yi †ÿ‡Î INEE biI‡q wfwËK wewfbœ m`m¨ msMV‡bi mnvqZv †c‡qwQj| Riæwi wkÿv `j biI‡qi Ab¨vb¨ †emiKvwi Dbœqb ms¯’v Ges M‡elYv cÖwZôvb¸‡jv‡K Zv‡ì Dbœqb Kvh©µ‡g gvbmg~n eënvi Ki‡Z DrmvwnZ K‡i| biI‡q miKvi INEE Rb¨ mnvqZv w`‡”Q Ges wkÿv, wkÿK, †RÛvi Ges Riæwi cwiw¯’wZi Ici êwk¦K Av‡jvPbv I weZ‡K© INEE b~¨bZg gvbmg~n eënvi Ki‡Q|

c„w_exi Ab¨vb¨ ¯’v‡b INEE b~¨bZg gv‡bi cÖ‡qvM Ges cÖfv‡ei D`vniY Rvb‡Z n‡j †`Lyb: www.ineesite.org/MScasestudies

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Ab¨vb¨ b~b¨Zg gv‡bi mv‡_ m¤úK©

gvbweK Kg©Kv‡Ð INEE b~¨bZg gvb Ges wùqvi Gi b~¨bZg gv‡bi g‡a¨ m¤úK© wK?wKQz †emiKvwi Dbœqb ms¯’vi †RvU, †iWµm Ges †iW wµ‡m›U Av‡›`vjb Gi g‡Zv msMVb hviv gvbweKZv wb‡q KvR K‡i, Zv‡ì nvZ a‡i 1997 mv‡j wùqvi cÖ‡R‡±i gvbweKZvi mb` Ges `y‡h©vM mvov`v‡b b~¨bZg gvbmg~‡ni hvÎv ïiæ n‡qwQj| `y‡h©vM AvµvšÍ gvbyl gvbweK mvnvh¨ Avkv Ki‡Z cv‡i Ges †m AwaKvi Zv‡ì Av‡Q G fvebv‡K Zviv Zv‡ì Av‡›`vj‡bi mv‡_ hy³ K‡i| wùqvi n¨vÛeyK gvbweKZvi mb` Ges cvwb mieivn; cqtwb®‹vkb I ¯^v¯’¨wewa (Iqvk); Lv`¨ wbivcËv Ges cywó; Avkªq, Avevmb I wbZ¨ eënvh© mvgMÖx Ges ¯^v¯’¨‡mevi b~¨bZg gvb wb‡q Av‡jvPbv K‡i‡Q|

INEE b~¨bZg gvb wùqvi cÖ‡R‡±i AšÍwb©wnZ wek¦v‡mi cÖwZaŸwb| mK‡jB wek¦vm K‡i †h, Pig `y`©kv Ges Ø›Ø-msNv‡Z AvµvšÍ gvby‡li `ytL Kó Kgv‡bvi Rb¨ m¤¢ve¨ mKj eë¯’v MÖnY Kiv DwPZ Ges AvµvšÍ gvby‡li m¤§v‡bi mv‡_ †eu‡P _vKvi AwaKvi i‡q‡Q| 2008 mv‡ji A‡±ve‡i wùqvi cÖ‡R± Ges INEE GKwU cvi¯úvwiK m¤ú„³Zvi Pzw³ ¯^vÿi K‡i, †hLv‡b wùqvi cÖ‡R± INEE b~¨bZg gvbmg~‡ni ¸YMZ gvb Ges †h civgk©g~jK c×wZ‡K (†hUv AbymiY K‡i GUv ˆZwi n‡q‡Q) ¯^xK…wZ †`q| wùqvi cÖ‡R± gvbweKZvi mb` Ges `y‡h©v‡M mvov`v‡bi mgq †h b~¨bZg gvb †g‡b Pjvi K_v e‡j‡Q †mLv‡b INEE b~¨bZg gvbmg~n Abyc~iK I cwic~iK gvb wnmv‡e eënv‡ii c‡ÿ gZ †`q| cvi¯úvwiK m¤ú„³Zvi Pzw³‡Z wùqv‡ii AšÍfz©³ LvZ mg~‡ni mv‡_ `y‡h©v‡Mi mgq wkÿv Lv‡Z †hvMv‡hvM iÿv Kivi welqwU‡K AwaK ¸iæZ¡ †`qv n‡q‡Q| Gi jÿ¨ n‡jv `y‡h©v‡M AvµvšÍ gvby‡li gvbm¤§Z mvn‡hvwMZv wbwðZ Kiv Ges `y‡h©v‡M cÖ¯‘wZ Ges gvbweK mvov`v‡b †h mg¯Í eë¯’v Pvjy i‡q‡Q Zvi Revew`wnZv e„w× Kiv|

INEE n¨vÛey‡Ki GB ms¯‹i‡Y †hLv‡b cÖ‡hvR¨ †mLv‡b wùqvi n¨vÛey‡Ki cÖvmw½K cwiPvjbv mnvwqKv¸‡jv †idvi Kiv n‡q‡Q| GKBfv‡e wùqvi n¨vÛey‡Ki 2011 Gi ms¯‹i‡YI INEE wkÿv wb‡`©kbv¸‡jv hy³ Kiv n‡q‡Q| wùqvi n¨vÛey‡Ki cvkvcvwk GKB mv‡_ INEE b~¨bZg gvb¸‡jv eënvi Kiv n‡j wewfbœ Lv‡Zi Pvwn`v wbiƒc‡Yi gva¨‡g LvZ¸‡jvi ga¨Kvi AvšÍtm¤úK© wbY©q Kiv mnR n‡e Ges Zvici †hŠ_ cwiKíbvi gva¨‡g GKwU mvwe©K mvov`vb m¤¢e n‡e|

`y‡h©vM mvov`vbKv‡j b~¨bZg gvbmg~n Ges wùqvi gvbweKZvi mb` m¤ú‡K© AviI Rvb‡Z n‡j †`Lyb: www.sphereproject.org (D‡jøL¨ wùqv‡ii evsjv ms¯‹iY BwZg‡a¨ cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q| msMÖ‡ni Rb¨ †hvMv‡hvM Kiæb wWRv÷vi †dvivg: [email protected].


K‡iwQj| mgš^‡qi Dci b~¨bZg gvb eënvi K‡i ¯’vbxq KZ…©cÿ Ges AvšÍ©RvwZK ms¯’vmg~n GKwU Ôwkÿv mgš^q KwgwUÕ MVb K‡iwQj, hv ev›`v Av‡Pn †Z wbqwgZ êVK Ki‡Zv| B›Uvi G‡RwÝ wgwbgvg ÷¨vÛvW© Iq©vwKs MÖæc INEE b~¨bZg gvb eënvi, AwfÁZv wewbgq I fv‡jv Kv‡Ri Abykxj‡bi Rb¨ ms¯’vi Kg©x‡ì cÖwkÿY w`‡qwQj| GB n¨vÛeyK `ªæZ B‡›`v‡bwkqvb fvlvq Abyev` Kiv n‡qwQj Ges Zv‡ì Av‡Pn cÖ‡`‡ki wkÿv gš¿Yvj‡q GwU e¨vcKfv‡e eëüZ n‡qwQj| GLvb †_‡K Kg©xiv Pig `y‡h©v‡M wKfv‡e ev¯Íevqb I mgš^q †KŠkj Pvjy ivLv hvq †m wkÿv AR©b K‡iwQj| G ai‡bi `y‡h©vM cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wKfv‡e mgš^q DbœZ Kiv hvq †m m¤ú‡K© bZzb Kg©x‡ì Iwi‡q‡›Uk‡bi mgq INEE b~¨bZg gv‡bi Ici GKwU avivevwnK cÖwkÿY †Ìqv n‡qwQj hv cieZ©x‡Z Zv‡ì Kv‡Ri †ÿ‡Î GKwU eo cÖfve †d‡jwQj|

3. `vZv‡ì bxwZgvjv‡K mymsnZ Kiv: cuvPwU `vZv ms¯’vi g‡a¨ biI‡q Ab¨Zg hviv wkÿv‡K Zv‡ì Ab¨Zg gvbweK bxwZi g‡a¨ AšÍf©y³ K‡iwQj hv INEE Ges b~¨bZg gvbmg~‡ni mnvqK wQj| 2007 mv‡j biI‡qwRqvb G‡RwÝ di †Wfjc‡g›U (NORAD) Riæwi wkÿv `j MVb K‡iwQj hv biIBwRqvb G‡RwÝ di †Wfjc‡g›U (NORAD), wgwbwóª Ad d‡ib G‡dqvm© (MFA) Ges Zv‡ì mn‡hvMx msMVb Øviv cÖwZkÖæwZe× wQj †h Zviv INEE b~¨bZg gvbmg~n wbqggvwdK eënvi, ev¯Íe cÖ‡qvM Ges m‡PZbZv e„w×‡Z mnvqZv Ki‡e| Riæwi wkÿv `j NORAD I MFA †K wkÿv †ÿ‡Î †ewk Aby`vb cÖ`v‡b civgk© †`q Ges INEE ey‡jwU‡bi cÖvmw½K Z_¨mg~n Zvi mnKg©x‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z e‡j| GB g‡g© mycvwik Kiv nq †h, †h mKj ms¯’vmg~n NORAD Gi Kv‡Q Avw_©K mn‡hvwMZv †P‡q‡Q Zviv Aek¨B INEE b~¨bZg gvbmg~n eënvi m¤ú‡K© we¯ÍvwiZ eY©bv w`‡e| 2008 mv‡j BDwb‡md, wek¦e¨vsK Ges BD‡ivwcqvb BDwbqbmn `wÿY my`v‡b †h evrmwiK mfv AbywôZ n‡qwQj †mLv‡b INEE b~¨bZg gvbmg~n Uvg©m Ad †idv‡iÝ wnmv‡e AšÍfz©³ wQj| Gfv‡e NORAD Gi mn‡hvMx `vZv msMVb Ges `wÿY my`v‡bi wkÿv gš¿Yvjq Øviv INEE b~¨bZg gvbmg~‡ni eënvi I cÖvwZôvwbKiY‡K Z¡ivwš^Z K‡iwQj, hvi `vwqZ¡ wQj wkÿvLv‡Zi cybtwbg©vY| NORAD b~¨bZg gv‡bi cÖvwZôvwbKi‡Yi †ÿ‡Î INEE biI‡q wfwËK wewfbœ m`m¨ msMV‡bi mnvqZv †c‡qwQj| Riæwi wkÿv `j biI‡qi Ab¨vb¨ †emiKvwi Dbœqb ms¯’v Ges M‡elYv cÖwZôvb¸‡jv‡K Zv‡ì Dbœqb Kvh©µ‡g gvbmg~n eënvi Ki‡Z DrmvwnZ K‡i| biI‡q miKvi INEE Rb¨ mnvqZv w`‡”Q Ges wkÿv, wkÿK, †RÛvi Ges Riæwi cwiw¯’wZi Ici êwk¦K Av‡jvPbv I weZ‡K© INEE b~¨bZg gvbmg~n eënvi Ki‡Q|

c„w_exi Ab¨vb¨ ¯’v‡b INEE b~¨bZg gv‡bi cÖ‡qvM Ges cÖfv‡ei D`vniY Rvb‡Z n‡j †`Lyb: www.ineesite.org/MScasestudies

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Ab¨vb¨ b~b¨Zg gv‡bi mv‡_ m¤úK©

gvbweK Kg©Kv‡Ð INEE b~¨bZg gvb Ges wùqvi Gi b~¨bZg gv‡bi g‡a¨ m¤úK© wK?wKQz †emiKvwi Dbœqb ms¯’vi †RvU, †iWµm Ges †iW wµ‡m›U Av‡›`vjb Gi g‡Zv msMVb hviv gvbweKZv wb‡q KvR K‡i, Zv‡ì nvZ a‡i 1997 mv‡j wùqvi cÖ‡R‡±i gvbweKZvi mb` Ges `y‡h©vM mvov`v‡b b~¨bZg gvbmg~‡ni hvÎv ïiæ n‡qwQj| `y‡h©vM AvµvšÍ gvbyl gvbweK mvnvh¨ Avkv Ki‡Z cv‡i Ges †m AwaKvi Zv‡ì Av‡Q G fvebv‡K Zviv Zv‡ì Av‡›`vj‡bi mv‡_ hy³ K‡i| wùqvi n¨vÛeyK gvbweKZvi mb` Ges cvwb mieivn; cqtwb®‹vkb I ¯^v¯’¨wewa (Iqvk); Lv`¨ wbivcËv Ges cywó; Avkªq, Avevmb I wbZ¨ eënvh© mvgMÖx Ges ¯^v¯’¨‡mevi b~¨bZg gvb wb‡q Av‡jvPbv K‡i‡Q|

INEE b~¨bZg gvb wùqvi cÖ‡R‡±i AšÍwb©wnZ wek¦v‡mi cÖwZaŸwb| mK‡jB wek¦vm K‡i †h, Pig `y`©kv Ges Ø›Ø-msNv‡Z AvµvšÍ gvby‡li `ytL Kó Kgv‡bvi Rb¨ m¤¢ve¨ mKj eë¯’v MÖnY Kiv DwPZ Ges AvµvšÍ gvby‡li m¤§v‡bi mv‡_ †eu‡P _vKvi AwaKvi i‡q‡Q| 2008 mv‡ji A‡±ve‡i wùqvi cÖ‡R± Ges INEE GKwU cvi¯úvwiK m¤ú„³Zvi Pzw³ ¯^vÿi K‡i, †hLv‡b wùqvi cÖ‡R± INEE b~¨bZg gvbmg~‡ni ¸YMZ gvb Ges †h civgk©g~jK c×wZ‡K (†hUv AbymiY K‡i GUv ˆZwi n‡q‡Q) ¯^xK…wZ †`q| wùqvi cÖ‡R± gvbweKZvi mb` Ges `y‡h©v‡M mvov`v‡bi mgq †h b~¨bZg gvb †g‡b Pjvi K_v e‡j‡Q †mLv‡b INEE b~¨bZg gvbmg~n Abyc~iK I cwic~iK gvb wnmv‡e eënv‡ii c‡ÿ gZ †`q| cvi¯úvwiK m¤ú„³Zvi Pzw³‡Z wùqv‡ii AšÍfz©³ LvZ mg~‡ni mv‡_ `y‡h©v‡Mi mgq wkÿv Lv‡Z †hvMv‡hvM iÿv Kivi welqwU‡K AwaK ¸iæZ¡ †`qv n‡q‡Q| Gi jÿ¨ n‡jv `y‡h©v‡M AvµvšÍ gvby‡li gvbm¤§Z mvn‡hvwMZv wbwðZ Kiv Ges `y‡h©v‡M cÖ¯‘wZ Ges gvbweK mvov`v‡b †h mg¯Í eë¯’v Pvjy i‡q‡Q Zvi Revew`wnZv e„w× Kiv|

INEE n¨vÛey‡Ki GB ms¯‹i‡Y †hLv‡b cÖ‡hvR¨ †mLv‡b wùqvi n¨vÛey‡Ki cÖvmw½K cwiPvjbv mnvwqKv¸‡jv †idvi Kiv n‡q‡Q| GKBfv‡e wùqvi n¨vÛey‡Ki 2011 Gi ms¯‹i‡YI INEE wkÿv wb‡`©kbv¸‡jv hy³ Kiv n‡q‡Q| wùqvi n¨vÛey‡Ki cvkvcvwk GKB mv‡_ INEE b~¨bZg gvb¸‡jv eënvi Kiv n‡j wewfbœ Lv‡Zi Pvwn`v wbiƒc‡Yi gva¨‡g LvZ¸‡jvi ga¨Kvi AvšÍtm¤úK© wbY©q Kiv mnR n‡e Ges Zvici †hŠ_ cwiKíbvi gva¨‡g GKwU mvwe©K mvov`vb m¤¢e n‡e|

`y‡h©vM mvov`vbKv‡j b~¨bZg gvbmg~n Ges wùqvi gvbweKZvi mb` m¤ú‡K© AviI Rvb‡Z n‡j †`Lyb: www.sphereproject.org (D‡jøL¨ wùqv‡ii evsjv ms¯‹iY BwZg‡a¨ cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q| msMÖ‡ni Rb¨ †hvMv‡hvM Kiæb wWRv÷vi †dvivg: [email protected].


INEE b~¨bZg gvb Ges IASC GWz‡Kkb K¬vóv‡ii g‡a¨ m¤úK© BDwb‡md Ges †mf `¨v wPj‡Wªb †hŠ_fv‡e c„w_exe¨vcx GWz‡Kkb K¬vóv‡ii †bZ…Z¡ w`‡”Q, Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿv †ÿ‡Î m¤¢ve¨ wK NU‡Z cv‡i Zv †R‡b cÖ¯‘wZ I mvov`v‡bi Rb¨ Zviv A½xKvie×| Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿvi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv wba©vi‡Y GWz‡Kkb K¬vóvi cÖavb mgš^q †KŠkj wnmv‡e †hŠ_fv‡e KvR K‡i| INEE b~¨bZg gvbmg~n n‡jv GKwU wfwË Uzj hv eënvi K‡i gvbm¤§Z wkÿv mvov`vb wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ GWz‡Kkb K¬vóvi GKwU KvVv‡gv cÖ`vb K‡i| AvšÍR©vwZK Ges RvZxq ch©v‡qi GWz‡Kkb K¬vóvi wbgœwjwLZ welq¸‡jv wbwðZ Ki‡Z gvb¸‡jv eënvi K‡i| G¸‡jv n‡jv -

K¬vóv‡ii mgš^‡qi gvb Dbœqb, wewfbœ ms¯’vi g‡a¨ Av‡jvPbvi eë¯’v Ges GKB j‡ÿï wbwi‡L D‡Ïk¨ wba©viY|

†hŠ_ Pvwn`v wbiƒcY Ges cwiexÿY I g~j¨vq‡bi gva¨‡g cÖ¯‘wZ, SzuwK n«vm I mvov`vb Kvh©µ‡gi cwiKíbv I ev¯Íevqb|

Kg©x Ges Askx`vi msMVbmg~n‡K cÖwkÿY cÖ`vb Ges mÿgZv ˆZwi‡Z mn‡hvwMZv|

Znwej MV‡bi KvVv‡gv ˆZwi|

wewfbœ ms¯’vi g‡a¨ Av‡jvPbvi eë¯’v Ges K¬vóvi m`m¨, `vZv Ges Ab¨vb¨ wefv‡Mi g‡a¨ GW‡fv‡Kwm|

AviI Rvb‡Z †`Lyb: http://oneresponse.info/GlobalClusters/Education

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INEE b~¨bZg gvb m¤ú‡K© mPivPi †hme cÖkœ Kiv nq|

wKfv‡e Avgiv wbwðZ n‡ev †h INEE b~¨bZg gvbmg~n miKv‡ii we`¨gvb wkÿv gvbmg~n‡K kw³kvjx K‡i?

A‡bK †`‡ki wkÿv gšY¿ vjq RvZxq wkÿv wefv‡Mi gvb‡K DbZœ K‡i‡Qb| wkÿv AvBb I bxwZ msÁvwqZ Ki‡Z Ges †`‡k emevmiZ mKj wkïi (†hgb kiYv_x© , Af¨šiÍ xY ¯v’ bPz Z Rb‡Mvôx Ges msL¨vjNy wkï) †gŠwjK wkÿvi m‡y hvM wbwðZ Ki‡Z INEE RvZxq KZc„© ‡ÿi ¸iæZc¡ Y~ © fw‚ gKv‡K ¯xKw… Z †`q I mnvqZv cÖ vb K‡i| †hLv‡b RvZxq gv‡bi Ges mvaviYZ INEE gv‡bi g‡a¨ cwiwa, D‡Ïk¨ Ges wel‡qi g‡a¨ cv_K© ¨ i‡q‡Q, †mLv‡b Gi b~ bZg gvb¸‡jv chv© ‡jvPbv Ki‡Z n‡e| AwfÁZv †_‡K †`Lv hvq RvZxq wkÿv gv‡bi mv‡_ INEE b~ bZg gvbmg‡~ ni †Kv‡bv we‡iva †bB| INEE Ujz ¸wj RvZxq gvb AR‡© bi †ÿ‡Î m¤úiy K, cwici~ K I mn‡hvMx fw‚ gKv cvjb K‡i| we‡kl K‡i `‡y hv© M cwiw¯w’ Z‡Z †hLv‡b RvZxq bxwZ I †KŠkj¸‡jv mwy bw`ó© bq †mLv‡b INEE b~ bZg gvb¸‡jv RvZxq gvb ev¯eÍ vq‡b †KŠkj Ges w`K wb‡`k© bv cÖ vb K‡i|

17

INEE b~¨bZg gvb¸‡jv D”Pgvb wnmv‡e ˆZwi - Z‡e †Kb GB gvb¸‡jv‡K b~¨bZg gvb ejv n‡e?

†h‡nZz INEE b~¨bZg gvb¸‡jv wkÿv AwaKvi I bvbv AvBbMZ Ges AvšÍR©vwZK evaëvaKZvi Dci wfwË K‡i M‡o D‡V‡Q, ZvB n¨vÛey‡Ki wb‡`©kbv¸wj GBme AwaKvi¸‡jv‡K A¯^xKvi Ki‡Z cv‡ibv| GB gvb¸‡jv‡K D”PZi e‡j g‡b n‡Z cv‡i KviY G¸‡jv AvšÍR©vwZKfv‡e ¯^xK…Z gvbweK AwaKvi I fv‡jv Kv‡Ri Abykxjb| G¸wj‡Z gvbm¤§Z wkÿv I gvbweK gh©v`vi b~¨bZg Pvwn`vi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q| †hLv‡b Avw_©K Ges wkÿv m¤ú` mxwgZ †mLv‡b INEE b~¨bZg gvb¸‡jv eënvi Kivi wK †K‡bv Dcvq Av‡Q?

mxgve× m¤ú‡ì †ÿ‡Î INEE b~¨bZg gvb wZbfv‡e eënvi Kiv hvq| cÖ_gZ: ewY©Z A‡bK fv‡jv Kv‡Ri Abykxjb Kivi Rb¨ we‡kl †Kv‡bv eo Li‡Pi ìKvi c‡o bv| †hgb -†h gvbwU‡Z mvgvwRK ev KwgDwbwU AskMÖn‡Yi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q †mwU ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ Avjv`v †Kv‡bv Li‡Pi cÖ‡qvRb †bB| wKš‘ G¸‡jv cÖ‡qvM K‡i gvbweKZv I wkÿv Kvh©µ‡gi ¸YMZ gvb DbœZ Kiv hvq| †kl ch©šÍ GUv mgq I m¤ú‡ì mvkÖ‡qi gva¨‡g Kvh©Kix I †UKmB GKUv eë¯’v M‡o †Zv‡j| wØZxqZ: b~¨bZg gvb Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z AvU‡K hvIqv wkÿv eë¯’v‡K Pvjy Kivi Rb¨ Kvh©Kix Znwej msMÖ‡ni ¯^c‡ÿ GW‡fv‡Kmxi KvR K‡i| Z…ZxqZ: INEE b~¨bZg gvb eënvi K‡i wkÿvmswkøó KZ…©cÿ mvov`v‡bi ïiæ‡ZB h_vh_ wm×všÍ wb‡Z cv‡i Ges wbgœgv‡bi cwiKíbv ev eë¯’v‡K ms‡kva‡bi evowZ LiP Gov‡Z cv‡i|


INEE b~¨bZg gvb Ges IASC GWz‡Kkb K¬vóv‡ii g‡a¨ m¤úK© BDwb‡md Ges †mf `¨v wPj‡Wªb †hŠ_fv‡e c„w_exe¨vcx GWz‡Kkb K¬vóv‡ii †bZ…Z¡ w`‡”Q, Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿv †ÿ‡Î m¤¢ve¨ wK NU‡Z cv‡i Zv †R‡b cÖ¯‘wZ I mvov`v‡bi Rb¨ Zviv A½xKvie×| Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿvi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv wba©vi‡Y GWz‡Kkb K¬vóvi cÖavb mgš^q †KŠkj wnmv‡e †hŠ_fv‡e KvR K‡i| INEE b~¨bZg gvbmg~n n‡jv GKwU wfwË Uzj hv eënvi K‡i gvbm¤§Z wkÿv mvov`vb wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ GWz‡Kkb K¬vóvi GKwU KvVv‡gv cÖ`vb K‡i| AvšÍR©vwZK Ges RvZxq ch©v‡qi GWz‡Kkb K¬vóvi wbgœwjwLZ welq¸‡jv wbwðZ Ki‡Z gvb¸‡jv eënvi K‡i| G¸‡jv n‡jv -

K¬vóv‡ii mgš^‡qi gvb Dbœqb, wewfbœ ms¯’vi g‡a¨ Av‡jvPbvi eë¯’v Ges GKB j‡ÿï wbwi‡L D‡Ïk¨ wba©viY|

†hŠ_ Pvwn`v wbiƒcY Ges cwiexÿY I g~j¨vq‡bi gva¨‡g cÖ¯‘wZ, SzuwK n«vm I mvov`vb Kvh©µ‡gi cwiKíbv I ev¯Íevqb|

Kg©x Ges Askx`vi msMVbmg~n‡K cÖwkÿY cÖ`vb Ges mÿgZv ˆZwi‡Z mn‡hvwMZv|

Znwej MV‡bi KvVv‡gv ˆZwi|

wewfbœ ms¯’vi g‡a¨ Av‡jvPbvi eë¯’v Ges K¬vóvi m`m¨, `vZv Ges Ab¨vb¨ wefv‡Mi g‡a¨ GW‡fv‡Kwm|

AviI Rvb‡Z †`Lyb: http://oneresponse.info/GlobalClusters/Education

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INEE b~¨bZg gvb m¤ú‡K© mPivPi †hme cÖkœ Kiv nq|

wKfv‡e Avgiv wbwðZ n‡ev †h INEE b~¨bZg gvbmg~n miKv‡ii we`¨gvb wkÿv gvbmg~n‡K kw³kvjx K‡i?

A‡bK †`‡ki wkÿv gšY¿ vjq RvZxq wkÿv wefv‡Mi gvb‡K DbZœ K‡i‡Qb| wkÿv AvBb I bxwZ msÁvwqZ Ki‡Z Ges †`‡k emevmiZ mKj wkïi (†hgb kiYv_x© , Af¨šiÍ xY ¯v’ bPz Z Rb‡Mvôx Ges msL¨vjNy wkï) †gŠwjK wkÿvi m‡y hvM wbwðZ Ki‡Z INEE RvZxq KZc„© ‡ÿi ¸iæZc¡ Y~ © fw‚ gKv‡K ¯xKw… Z †`q I mnvqZv cÖ vb K‡i| †hLv‡b RvZxq gv‡bi Ges mvaviYZ INEE gv‡bi g‡a¨ cwiwa, D‡Ïk¨ Ges wel‡qi g‡a¨ cv_K© ¨ i‡q‡Q, †mLv‡b Gi b~ bZg gvb¸‡jv chv© ‡jvPbv Ki‡Z n‡e| AwfÁZv †_‡K †`Lv hvq RvZxq wkÿv gv‡bi mv‡_ INEE b~ bZg gvbmg‡~ ni †Kv‡bv we‡iva †bB| INEE Ujz ¸wj RvZxq gvb AR‡© bi †ÿ‡Î m¤úiy K, cwici~ K I mn‡hvMx fw‚ gKv cvjb K‡i| we‡kl K‡i `‡y hv© M cwiw¯w’ Z‡Z †hLv‡b RvZxq bxwZ I †KŠkj¸‡jv mwy bw`ó© bq †mLv‡b INEE b~ bZg gvb¸‡jv RvZxq gvb ev¯eÍ vq‡b †KŠkj Ges w`K wb‡`k© bv cÖ vb K‡i|

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INEE b~¨bZg gvb¸‡jv D”Pgvb wnmv‡e ˆZwi - Z‡e †Kb GB gvb¸‡jv‡K b~¨bZg gvb ejv n‡e?

†h‡nZz INEE b~¨bZg gvb¸‡jv wkÿv AwaKvi I bvbv AvBbMZ Ges AvšÍR©vwZK evaëvaKZvi Dci wfwË K‡i M‡o D‡V‡Q, ZvB n¨vÛey‡Ki wb‡`©kbv¸wj GBme AwaKvi¸‡jv‡K A¯^xKvi Ki‡Z cv‡ibv| GB gvb¸‡jv‡K D”PZi e‡j g‡b n‡Z cv‡i KviY G¸‡jv AvšÍR©vwZKfv‡e ¯^xK…Z gvbweK AwaKvi I fv‡jv Kv‡Ri Abykxjb| G¸wj‡Z gvbm¤§Z wkÿv I gvbweK gh©v`vi b~¨bZg Pvwn`vi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q| †hLv‡b Avw_©K Ges wkÿv m¤ú` mxwgZ †mLv‡b INEE b~¨bZg gvb¸‡jv eënvi Kivi wK †K‡bv Dcvq Av‡Q?

mxgve× m¤ú‡ì †ÿ‡Î INEE b~¨bZg gvb wZbfv‡e eënvi Kiv hvq| cÖ_gZ: ewY©Z A‡bK fv‡jv Kv‡Ri Abykxjb Kivi Rb¨ we‡kl †Kv‡bv eo Li‡Pi ìKvi c‡o bv| †hgb -†h gvbwU‡Z mvgvwRK ev KwgDwbwU AskMÖn‡Yi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q †mwU ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ Avjv`v †Kv‡bv Li‡Pi cÖ‡qvRb †bB| wKš‘ G¸‡jv cÖ‡qvM K‡i gvbweKZv I wkÿv Kvh©µ‡gi ¸YMZ gvb DbœZ Kiv hvq| †kl ch©šÍ GUv mgq I m¤ú‡ì mvkÖ‡qi gva¨‡g Kvh©Kix I †UKmB GKUv eë¯’v M‡o †Zv‡j| wØZxqZ: b~¨bZg gvb Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z AvU‡K hvIqv wkÿv eë¯’v‡K Pvjy Kivi Rb¨ Kvh©Kix Znwej msMÖ‡ni ¯^c‡ÿ GW‡fv‡Kmxi KvR K‡i| Z…ZxqZ: INEE b~¨bZg gvb eënvi K‡i wkÿvmswkøó KZ…©cÿ mvov`v‡bi ïiæ‡ZB h_vh_ wm×všÍ wb‡Z cv‡i Ges wbgœgv‡bi cwiKíbv ev eë¯’v‡K ms‡kva‡bi evowZ LiP Gov‡Z cv‡i|


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22Aa¨vq GK: wfwËgv‡bi cwimi

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KwgDwbwU m`m¨‡ì mÿgZv e„w×‡Z KwgDwbwU AskMÖnY AšÍfz©³ Ki‡Z n‡e Ges Pjgvb wkÿv Kvh©µg‡K DbœZ Ki‡Z n‡e| KwgDwbwUi Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ DËiY I ¯^vfvweK Ae¯’vq wd‡i Avmvi †ÿ‡Î wkï I bexb‡ì AskMÖnY AwZ ¸iæZ¡c~Y©|

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22Aa¨vq GK: wfwËgv‡bi cwimi

mvov`vb cÖwµqv‡K djcÖm~ Ki‡Z n‡j ¯’vbxq †cÖÿvcU Ges Riæwi Ae¯’vi µgkt cwieZ©b‡K mwVKfv‡e ch©v‡jvPbv I Dcjwä Ki‡Z n‡e Ges wkÿv mvov`vb Kvh©µg‡K ÔÿwZ K‡i bvÕ ('do no harm') GUv wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e| Ab¨vb¨ gvbweKZvi Lv‡Zi cvkvcvwk wkÿv Lv‡ZiI ch©v‡jvPbv nIqv DwPZ| mvov`vb cÖwµqvi jÿ¨ n‡jv Riæwi Ae¯’vi aib ev cÖK…wZ, RbmsL¨vi Ici Gi KviY I cÖfve Ges RvZxq KZ…©c‡ÿi AvBbMZ Ges gvbweK KZ©e¨ c~iY Kivi mvg_©¨ wbY©q Kiv| ch©v‡jvPbvi mg‡q A_©‰bwZK Ae¯’v, ag©xq Ges ¯’vbxq wek¦vm, mvgvwRK Abykxjb Ges †RÛvi m¤úK©, ivR‰bwZK Ges wbivcËv welqK Dcv`vb, wU‡K _vKvi Kjv‡KŠkj Ges cÖZ¨vwkZ fwel¨r Dbœqb we‡ePbv Ki‡Z n‡e| mKj wkÿv_©xi Rb¨ wkÿv‡mevq ¯’vbxq m¤ú‡ì ch©vßZv I NvUwZmn ÿwZMÖ¯Í Rb‡Mvôx Ges cÖwZôv‡bi wec`vcbœZv, Pvwn`v, AwaKvi I mÿgZv wPwýZ Ki‡Z n‡e| ¯’vbxq Avc` m¤ú‡K© ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi Ávb Ges cÖwZ‡iva I mvov`v‡bi Rb¨ †hme `ÿZv Av‡Q A_ev AviI †hme wel‡q `ÿZv cÖ‡qvRb †mme wel‡q c`‡ÿc MÖnY Kiv Riæwi|

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23

KiYxq (wb‡`©wkKvi mv‡_ wgwj‡q co‡Z n‡e)

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¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi cÖwkÿY Ges mvg_©¨ ˆZwii my‡hvM myweav mnRcÖvc¨ n‡Z n‡e (wb‡`©wkKv 7 †`Lyb)|

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wkÿv KZ…©cÿ Ges Ab¨vb¨ †÷K‡nvìviiv wb‡gœv³ welq¸‡jv‡K wPwýZ Ki‡Z Aek¨B ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôx‡K m¤ú„³ Ki‡e:

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KwgDwbwUi AskMÖnY gvb 1:AskMÖnY

¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi m`mïv wkÿv mvov`vb Kv‡Ri ch©v‡jvPbv, cwiKíbv, bKkv, ev¯Íevqb, cwiexÿY I g~j¨vq‡b mwµq I ¯^”Qfv‡e Ges †Kv‡bv cÖKvi êlg¨ Qvov AskMÖnY Ki‡e|

24Aa¨vq GK: wfwËgv‡bi cwimiwkÿvi b~¨bZg gvb: cÖ¯‘wZ, mvov`vb, c~e©ve¯’vq cÖZ¨veZ©‡bi cÖ‡Póv

mvov`vb cÖwµqv‡K djcÖm~ Ki‡Z n‡j ¯’vbxq †cÖÿvcU Ges Riæwi Ae¯’vi µgkt cwieZ©b‡K mwVKfv‡e ch©v‡jvPbv I Dcjwä Ki‡Z n‡e Ges wkÿv mvov`vb Kvh©µg‡K ÔÿwZ K‡i bvÕ ('do no harm') GUv wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e| Ab¨vb¨ gvbweKZvi Lv‡Zi cvkvcvwk wkÿv Lv‡ZiI ch©v‡jvPbv nIqv DwPZ| mvov`vb cÖwµqvi jÿ¨ n‡jv Riæwi Ae¯’vi aib ev cÖK…wZ, RbmsL¨vi Ici Gi KviY I cÖfve Ges RvZxq KZ…©c‡ÿi AvBbMZ Ges gvbweK KZ©e¨ c~iY Kivi mvg_©¨ wbY©q Kiv| ch©v‡jvPbvi mg‡q A_©‰bwZK Ae¯’v, ag©xq Ges ¯’vbxq wek¦vm, mvgvwRK Abykxjb Ges †RÛvi m¤úK©, ivR‰bwZK Ges wbivcËv welqK Dcv`vb, wU‡K _vKvi Kjv‡KŠkj Ges cÖZ¨vwkZ fwel¨r Dbœqb we‡ePbv Ki‡Z n‡e| mKj wkÿv_©xi Rb¨ wkÿv‡mevq ¯’vbxq m¤ú‡ì ch©vßZv I NvUwZmn ÿwZMÖ¯Í Rb‡Mvôx Ges cÖwZôv‡bi wec`vcbœZv, Pvwn`v, AwaKvi I mÿgZv wPwýZ Ki‡Z n‡e| ¯’vbxq Avc` m¤ú‡K© ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi Ávb Ges cÖwZ‡iva I mvov`v‡bi Rb¨ †hme `ÿZv Av‡Q A_ev AviI †hme wel‡q `ÿZv cÖ‡qvRb †mme wel‡q c`‡ÿc MÖnY Kiv Riæwi|

Z_¨ msMÖn Ges ch©v‡jvPbv ¯^”Q I RbM‡Yi Kv‡Q mnRcÖvc¨ n‡Z n‡e Ges Riæwi Ae¯’v †_‡K c~e©ve¯’vq wd‡i bv Avmvi mKj ¯Í‡i wewÿß wkÿv Dcv‡Ëi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv i‡q‡Q| Z_¨msMÖn I ch©v‡jvPbv Awb”QvK…Zfv‡e Ø›Ø-msNvZ Ges Aw¯’wZkxj Ae¯’v ˆZwi Ki‡Z cv‡i Ges G¸‡jv Gov‡Z m‡PZb n‡Z n‡e| wkÿv mvov`vb Kvh©µ‡gi wbqwgZ cwiexÿY I g~j¨vqb Ges µgk cwieZ©bkxj wkÿv Pvwn`v me©Rbxb I ¯^”Q nIqv DwPZ| fwel¨Z wkÿv mvov`vb Kvh©µg DbœZ Ki‡Z n‡j cÖvß wkÿvmn cwiexÿY I g~j¨vqb cÖwZ‡e`b mKj‡K Rvbv‡Z n‡e|

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wbivc`, djcÖm~ Ges b¨vqm½Z wkÿv wbwðZ Ki‡Z KwgDwbwUi GKwU Ask AMÖvwaKviwfwË‡Z mwµqfv‡e wkÿv Kvh©µg cwiKíbvq AskMÖnY Ki‡e (wb‡`©wkKv 1-4 †`Lyb)|

me ai‡bi wec`vcbœ `‡ji cÖwZwbwaiv KwgDwbwU wkÿv KwgwU‡Z _vK‡e (wb‡`©wkKv 1-4 †`Lyb)|

wkÿv Kvh©µ‡gi Dbœqb, ev¯Íevqb, cwiexÿY Ges g~j¨vq‡b wkï I bexbiv mwµqfv‡e AskMÖnY Ki‡e (wb‡`©wkKv 5 †`Lyb)|

¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi GKUv eo Ask wbiƒcY, †cÖÿvcU ch©v‡jvPbv, wkÿv Kvh©µ‡gi mvgvwRK wbixÿv, †hŠ_ ev‡RU ch©v‡jvPbv, `y‡h©vM SzuwK n«vm Ges Ø›Ø-msNvZ Dckg Kvh©µ‡g AskMÖnY Ki‡e (wb‡`©wkKv 6 †`Lyb)|

¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi cÖwkÿY Ges mvg_©¨ ˆZwii my‡hvM myweav mnRcÖvc¨ n‡Z n‡e (wb‡`©wkKv 7 †`Lyb)|

wb‡`©wkKv1. ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi mvwe©K AskMÖnY: wkÿv KZ©„cÿ Ges mswkøó cÿ‡K

(†÷K‡nvìvi‡ì) wkÿv mvov`vb Kg©m~wP wbiƒcY, cwiKíbv, bKkv, ev¯Íevqb, cwiexÿY Ges g~j¨vq‡bi †ÿ‡Î ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi AskMÖnY wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e| ÿwZMÖ¯Í Rb‡Mvôxi †h †Kv‡bv m`m¨ wkÿv mvov`vb Kvh©µ‡g AskMÖnY Ki‡Z cvi‡e, GB‡ÿ‡Î eqm, †RÛvi, ag©, eY©, b„-‡Mvôx, cÖwZeÜxZv, GBPAvBwf A_ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv wKQzB we‡ewPZ n‡e bv|

wkÿv KZ…©cÿ Ges Ab¨vb¨ †÷K‡nvìviiv wb‡gœv³ welq¸‡jv‡K wPwýZ Ki‡Z Aek¨B ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôx‡K m¤ú„³ Ki‡e:

mKj wkÿv_©xi wkÿv Pvwn`v;¯’vbxqfv‡e mnRjf¨ Avw_©K, e¯‘MZ DcKiY Ges gvbe m¤ú`;†g‡q I †Q‡j wkï, bexb Ges cÖvß eq¯‹‡ì g‡a¨ eZ©gvb m¤úK© I cwiewZ©Z m¤úK©;ev` co‡Z cv‡i Ggb wewfbœ fvlvfvwl I Ab¨ †h †Kv‡bv `jmn ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi g‡a¨ ÿgZvi MwZkxjZv;

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KwgDwbwUi AskMÖnY gvb 1:AskMÖnY

¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi m`mïv wkÿv mvov`vb Kv‡Ri ch©v‡jvPbv, cwiKíbv, bKkv, ev¯Íevqb, cwiexÿY I g~j¨vq‡b mwµq I ¯^”Qfv‡e Ges †Kv‡bv cÖKvi êlg¨ Qvov AskMÖnY Ki‡e|


wbivcËv welq, D‡ØM I ûgwK;wj½ wfwËK mwnsmZvmn wkÿv cÖwZôvb, Kg©Pvix Ges wkÿv_©x‡ì‡K m¤¢veÄvµgY †_‡K iÿvi Dcvq;¯’vbxq Avc`, we`¨vjq I Ab¨vb¨ wkLb †K‡›`ª wbivc` I mn‡R hvIqv hvq Ggb ¯’vb Ges `y‡h©vM SuywK n«v‡m ¯’vbxq RbM‡Yi `„wófw½;wkÿv mvov`v‡bi mKj †ÿ‡Î ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi ¯^v¯’¨ SuywKmn Rxeb iÿvKvix I Ø›Ø-msNv‡Zi Dci ¯úk©KvZi wkÿv evZ©v GKwÎZ Kivi Dcvq|

mK‡ji mv‡_ civgk© I AskMÖnYg~jK c×wZi gva¨‡g cwievi, mgvR, we`¨vjq Ges Ab¨vb¨ wkLb ¯’v‡bi g‡a¨ gReyZ †hvMv‡hvM KvVv‡gv ˆZwi Ki‡Z n‡e (wb‡P wb‡`©wkKv 2-3; ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 1, c„ôv 39-40 wb‡`©wkKv 3; ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 2, c„ôv 45 wb‡`©wkKv 5; ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 3, c„ôv 47-49 wb‡`©wkKv 1-3; Ges ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 4, wb‡`©wkKv 3-4, c„ôv 51 †`Lyb)|

2. ÔKwgDwbwU wkÿv KwgwUÕ: KwgDwbwU wkÿv KwgwU ej‡Z Ggb GKwU `j‡K eySvq hviv KwgDwbwUi mKj wkÿv_©xi wkÿv Pvwn`v I AwaKvi‡K wPwýZ K‡i G¸‡jv wb‡q KvR K‡i| KwgDwbwU wkÿv KwgwUi weKí n‡Z cv‡i wkÿK-AwffveK msMVb A_ev we`¨vjq eë¯’vcbv KwgwU| GUv cÖwkÿY A_ev mÿgZv ˆZwii gva¨‡g KwgDwbwU‡K mvnvh¨ Ki‡Z cv‡i A_ev wkÿv Kg©m~wP‡K mnvqZv Kivi Rb¨ wkÿv KZ©„cÿ Ges wkÿvi mv‡_ RwoZ Ab¨vb¨ †óK‡nvìvi‡ì wbhy³ Ki‡Z cv‡i| hw` †Kv‡bv ÒKwgDwbwU wkÿv KwgwUÓ bv _v‡K Z‡e Ggb KwgwU MV‡bi K_v wPšÍv Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i (wb‡`©wkKv 3 Ges 7 †`Lyb)|

GKwU KwgDwbwU wkÿv KwgwU mKj `‡ji cÖwZwbwaZ¡ Ki‡e Ges Gi AšÍf©y³ _vK‡e:

we`¨vjq KZ©„cÿ, wkÿK Ges Kg©Pvix;AwffveK A_ev †mev`vbKvix;wkï Ges bexb;mykxj mgvR msMV‡bi Kg©x;ag©xq msMVb Ges ¯’vbxq †emiKvix Dbœqb ms¯’vi cÖwZwbwa;¯’vbxq †bZ„e„›`¯^v¯’¨Kg©x;

GLv‡b wec`vcbœ `‡ji cÖwZwbwa‡ì AšÍf©yw³ Avek¨K| KwgDwbwU wkÿv KwgwUi m`mïv ¯’vbxq †cÖÿvc‡Ui mv‡_ cÖ‡hvR¨ AskMÖnYg~jK cÖwµqvi gva¨‡g wbe©vwPZ n‡e, hv bvix-cyiæl, †Q‡j-†g‡q wbwe©‡k‡l mevB‡K mgvbfv‡e AskMÖn‡Yi AbygwZ †`q|

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RwUj Riæwi Ae¯’vq b„-‡Mvôx, ag©, eY©, †MvÎ †kvwlZ n‡Z cv‡i wKš‘ G mgq KwgDwbwU wkÿv KwgwU mK‡ji Rb¨ KvR Ki‡e| G‡ÿ‡Î mvwe©K j‡ÿï cÖ_‡gB Av‡m e¨w³ I `‡ji wbivcËv| wkÿv KwgwUi jÿ¨ nIqv DwPZ ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi cÖ‡Z¨K‡K wbivc`, Awfbœ I h_vh_ wkÿv cÖ`vb Kiv| cwiewZ©Z Av_©-mvgvwRK I ivR‰bwZK †cÖÿvcU Ges mKj ch©v‡q wm×všÍ cÖ‡YZv‡ì mv‡_ †hvMv‡hv‡Mi Rb¨ Zv‡ì cÖv_wgK Ávb _vKv DwPZ (ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 3, c„ôv 39-40 †`Lyb)|

3. `vwqZ¡ I f~wgKv: KwgDwbwU wkÿv KwgwUi `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨ cwi®‹vifv‡e e¨vL¨v Kiv DwPZ| GB KwgwU wbgœwjwLZ KvR¸‡jv Ki‡e:

mswkøó welq wb‡q wbqwgZ mfv Kiv;mfvq M„nxZ wm×všÍ¸‡jv wjwce× Kiv;KwgDwbwUi Avw_©K Ges e¯‘MZ mnvqZv mPj ivLv;eqm I ms¯‹…wZ †f‡` ¯úk©KvZi welq wb‡q mwVK eë¯’v MÖnY Kiv hv wkÿvKg©m~wP‡Z wkÿv_©x‡ì wkÿv Pvwn`v I AwaKvi‡K m¤§vb Rvbvq Zv wbwðZ Ki‡e| †hgb bgbxq wkÿvel© I eq‡mvc‡hvMx wkÿvµg hv KwgDwbwUi †cÖÿvcU‡K cÖwZdwjZ K‡i;KwgDwbwUi evB‡i wm×všÍ cÖ‡YZv Ges KwgDwbwUi m`m¨‡ì g‡a¨ my›ì m¤úK© eRvq ivLvi Rb¨ KwgDwbwU, ¯’vbxq I RvZxq wkÿv KZ©„c‡ÿi mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM ivLv;H mg¯Í e¨w³ hviv gvbm¤§Z wkÿv I wkÿvi AwfMg¨Zv wbwðZ K‡i, Zviv `vqe× Zv wbwðZ Kiv;gvbm¤§Z wkÿY I wkLb wbwðZ Ki‡Z wkÿv eë¯’vq cwiexÿY ivLv;wkLb myhv‡M Kviv AskMÖnY Ki‡Q Ges Kviv Ki‡Q bv †mme wewÿß Z_¨ DcvË msMÖn Kiv I cwiexÿY Kiv;we`¨vj‡q hvZvqv‡Zi c‡_ QvÎ Ges Kg©Pvix‡ì wbivcËv †Rvi`vi Kiv;`y‡h©vM SzuwK nªvm †hb wkÿv eë¯’vq AšÍf©y³ nq Zv wbwðZ Kiv;mwVK g‡bvmvgvwRK mnvqZv wbwðZ Kiv;

(ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 3, c„ôv 39-40 †`Lyb)|

4. ¯’vbxq wkÿv Kg©cwiKíbv: ¯’vbxq wkÿv KZ©„cÿ, KwgDwbwU Ges KwgDwbwU wkÿv KwgwUi DwPZ Askx`vwiZ¡g~jK cwiKíbv c×wZi gva¨‡g AMÖvwaKviwfwËK wkÿv Kvh©µg cwiKíbv Kiv, hv n‡e GKwU KwgDwbwUwfwËK wkÿv Kg©cwiKíbv| RvZxq wkÿv cwiKíbvi Av‡jv‡K GKwU KwgDwbwU wfwËK wkÿv cwiKíbv ˆZwi Kiv DwPZ, hw` GiKg GKwU cwiKíbv _v‡K Z‡e AvbyôvwbK I DcvbyôvwbK wkÿv Kg©m~wPi ¸YMZ gv‡bvbœq‡bi Rb¨ GKwU KvVv‡gv cÖ`vb Kiv hvq| GLv‡b ÿwZMÖ¯Í Rb‡Mvôx we‡kl K‡i hviv wec`vcbœ Ae¯’vi g‡a¨ Av‡Q Zv‡ì Pvwn`v, AwaKvi, D‡ØM DrKÉv I g~j¨‡ev‡ai cÖwZdjb _vK‡e|

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wbivcËv welq, D‡ØM I ûgwK;wj½ wfwËK mwnsmZvmn wkÿv cÖwZôvb, Kg©Pvix Ges wkÿv_©x‡ì‡K m¤¢veÄvµgY †_‡K iÿvi Dcvq;¯’vbxq Avc`, we`¨vjq I Ab¨vb¨ wkLb †K‡›`ª wbivc` I mn‡R hvIqv hvq Ggb ¯’vb Ges `y‡h©vM SuywK n«v‡m ¯’vbxq RbM‡Yi `„wófw½;wkÿv mvov`v‡bi mKj †ÿ‡Î ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi ¯^v¯’¨ SuywKmn Rxeb iÿvKvix I Ø›Ø-msNv‡Zi Dci ¯úk©KvZi wkÿv evZ©v GKwÎZ Kivi Dcvq|

mK‡ji mv‡_ civgk© I AskMÖnYg~jK c×wZi gva¨‡g cwievi, mgvR, we`¨vjq Ges Ab¨vb¨ wkLb ¯’v‡bi g‡a¨ gReyZ †hvMv‡hvM KvVv‡gv ˆZwi Ki‡Z n‡e (wb‡P wb‡`©wkKv 2-3; ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 1, c„ôv 39-40 wb‡`©wkKv 3; ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 2, c„ôv 45 wb‡`©wkKv 5; ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 3, c„ôv 47-49 wb‡`©wkKv 1-3; Ges ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 4, wb‡`©wkKv 3-4, c„ôv 51 †`Lyb)|

2. ÔKwgDwbwU wkÿv KwgwUÕ: KwgDwbwU wkÿv KwgwU ej‡Z Ggb GKwU `j‡K eySvq hviv KwgDwbwUi mKj wkÿv_©xi wkÿv Pvwn`v I AwaKvi‡K wPwýZ K‡i G¸‡jv wb‡q KvR K‡i| KwgDwbwU wkÿv KwgwUi weKí n‡Z cv‡i wkÿK-AwffveK msMVb A_ev we`¨vjq eë¯’vcbv KwgwU| GUv cÖwkÿY A_ev mÿgZv ˆZwii gva¨‡g KwgDwbwU‡K mvnvh¨ Ki‡Z cv‡i A_ev wkÿv Kg©m~wP‡K mnvqZv Kivi Rb¨ wkÿv KZ©„cÿ Ges wkÿvi mv‡_ RwoZ Ab¨vb¨ †óK‡nvìvi‡ì wbhy³ Ki‡Z cv‡i| hw` †Kv‡bv ÒKwgDwbwU wkÿv KwgwUÓ bv _v‡K Z‡e Ggb KwgwU MV‡bi K_v wPšÍv Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i (wb‡`©wkKv 3 Ges 7 †`Lyb)|

GKwU KwgDwbwU wkÿv KwgwU mKj `‡ji cÖwZwbwaZ¡ Ki‡e Ges Gi AšÍf©y³ _vK‡e:

we`¨vjq KZ©„cÿ, wkÿK Ges Kg©Pvix;AwffveK A_ev †mev`vbKvix;wkï Ges bexb;mykxj mgvR msMV‡bi Kg©x;ag©xq msMVb Ges ¯’vbxq †emiKvix Dbœqb ms¯’vi cÖwZwbwa;¯’vbxq †bZ„e„›`¯^v¯’¨Kg©x;

GLv‡b wec`vcbœ `‡ji cÖwZwbwa‡ì AšÍf©yw³ Avek¨K| KwgDwbwU wkÿv KwgwUi m`mïv ¯’vbxq †cÖÿvc‡Ui mv‡_ cÖ‡hvR¨ AskMÖnYg~jK cÖwµqvi gva¨‡g wbe©vwPZ n‡e, hv bvix-cyiæl, †Q‡j-†g‡q wbwe©‡k‡l mevB‡K mgvbfv‡e AskMÖn‡Yi AbygwZ †`q|

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RwUj Riæwi Ae¯’vq b„-‡Mvôx, ag©, eY©, †MvÎ †kvwlZ n‡Z cv‡i wKš‘ G mgq KwgDwbwU wkÿv KwgwU mK‡ji Rb¨ KvR Ki‡e| G‡ÿ‡Î mvwe©K j‡ÿï cÖ_‡gB Av‡m e¨w³ I `‡ji wbivcËv| wkÿv KwgwUi jÿ¨ nIqv DwPZ ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi cÖ‡Z¨K‡K wbivc`, Awfbœ I h_vh_ wkÿv cÖ`vb Kiv| cwiewZ©Z Av_©-mvgvwRK I ivR‰bwZK †cÖÿvcU Ges mKj ch©v‡q wm×všÍ cÖ‡YZv‡ì mv‡_ †hvMv‡hv‡Mi Rb¨ Zv‡ì cÖv_wgK Ávb _vKv DwPZ (ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 3, c„ôv 39-40 †`Lyb)|

3. `vwqZ¡ I f~wgKv: KwgDwbwU wkÿv KwgwUi `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨ cwi®‹vifv‡e e¨vL¨v Kiv DwPZ| GB KwgwU wbgœwjwLZ KvR¸‡jv Ki‡e:

mswkøó welq wb‡q wbqwgZ mfv Kiv;mfvq M„nxZ wm×všÍ¸‡jv wjwce× Kiv;KwgDwbwUi Avw_©K Ges e¯‘MZ mnvqZv mPj ivLv;eqm I ms¯‹…wZ †f‡` ¯úk©KvZi welq wb‡q mwVK eë¯’v MÖnY Kiv hv wkÿvKg©m~wP‡Z wkÿv_©x‡ì wkÿv Pvwn`v I AwaKvi‡K m¤§vb Rvbvq Zv wbwðZ Ki‡e| †hgb bgbxq wkÿvel© I eq‡mvc‡hvMx wkÿvµg hv KwgDwbwUi †cÖÿvcU‡K cÖwZdwjZ K‡i;KwgDwbwUi evB‡i wm×všÍ cÖ‡YZv Ges KwgDwbwUi m`m¨‡ì g‡a¨ my›ì m¤úK© eRvq ivLvi Rb¨ KwgDwbwU, ¯’vbxq I RvZxq wkÿv KZ©„c‡ÿi mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM ivLv;H mg¯Í e¨w³ hviv gvbm¤§Z wkÿv I wkÿvi AwfMg¨Zv wbwðZ K‡i, Zviv `vqe× Zv wbwðZ Kiv;gvbm¤§Z wkÿY I wkLb wbwðZ Ki‡Z wkÿv eë¯’vq cwiexÿY ivLv;wkLb myhv‡M Kviv AskMÖnY Ki‡Q Ges Kviv Ki‡Q bv †mme wewÿß Z_¨ DcvË msMÖn Kiv I cwiexÿY Kiv;we`¨vj‡q hvZvqv‡Zi c‡_ QvÎ Ges Kg©Pvix‡ì wbivcËv †Rvi`vi Kiv;`y‡h©vM SzuwK nªvm †hb wkÿv eë¯’vq AšÍf©y³ nq Zv wbwðZ Kiv;mwVK g‡bvmvgvwRK mnvqZv wbwðZ Kiv;

(ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 3, c„ôv 39-40 †`Lyb)|

4. ¯’vbxq wkÿv Kg©cwiKíbv: ¯’vbxq wkÿv KZ©„cÿ, KwgDwbwU Ges KwgDwbwU wkÿv KwgwUi DwPZ Askx`vwiZ¡g~jK cwiKíbv c×wZi gva¨‡g AMÖvwaKviwfwËK wkÿv Kvh©µg cwiKíbv Kiv, hv n‡e GKwU KwgDwbwUwfwËK wkÿv Kg©cwiKíbv| RvZxq wkÿv cwiKíbvi Av‡jv‡K GKwU KwgDwbwU wfwËK wkÿv cwiKíbv ˆZwi Kiv DwPZ, hw` GiKg GKwU cwiKíbv _v‡K Z‡e AvbyôvwbK I DcvbyôvwbK wkÿv Kg©m~wPi ¸YMZ gv‡bvbœq‡bi Rb¨ GKwU KvVv‡gv cÖ`vb Kiv hvq| GLv‡b ÿwZMÖ¯Í Rb‡Mvôx we‡kl K‡i hviv wec`vcbœ Ae¯’vi g‡a¨ Av‡Q Zv‡ì Pvwn`v, AwaKvi, D‡ØM DrKÉv I g~j¨‡ev‡ai cÖwZdjb _vK‡e|

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GKwU wkÿv Kg©cwiKíbv Ae¨vnZ wkÿvi wbðqZv cÖ`v‡b ¸iæZ¡v‡ivc K‡i| Gi wKQz D‡Ïk¨ Av‡Q| G¸‡jv n‡jv:

wK ai‡bi wkÿY Ges wkLb cwi‡ek _vK‡Z cv‡i Zvi Av‡jv‡K GKwU mgwš^Z jÿ¨ ‰Zwi Kiv| Kvh©µg, wb‡`©wkKv, D‡Ï‡kï Av‡jv‡K Zv e¨vL¨v Kiv Ges GKwU mgqmxgv _vKv;mywbw`©ó †cÖÿvcU †hgb Ø›Ø-msNvZ n‡Z cv‡i Ggb ¯úk©KvZi welq I `y‡h©vM SzuwK n«v‡m h_vh_ wkÿvµ‡gi mv‡_ Lvc LvIqv‡bv;Kg©x wb‡qvM, ZË¡veavqb I cÖwkÿY Ges wkÿK‡ì ÿwZc~iY I mnvqZv cÖwµqvq m¤§wZ cÖ`vb;êlg¨ Kgv‡Z gvbevwaKvi wfwËK eë¯’v¸‡jv‡K AMÖvwaKvi †`qv Ges wkÿv Aek¨B mnRcÖvc¨, AwfMg¨, MÖnY‡hvM¨ I cwi‡e‡ki mv‡_ Lvc LvIqv‡bv n‡e GB mKj welq wb‡q ci¯ú‡ii mv‡_ gZ wewbgq Kiv;wkÿv‡ÿ‡Î evav¸‡jv `~i Kivmn wbivc` I mnvqK wkLb cwi‡ek ˆZwi‡Z AMÖvwaKviwfwËK †hŠ_ cÖwZkÖæwZ I Pzw³ Kiv;wkÿv KZ©„cÿ hviv wkÿv AwaKvi I wkÿvi mv‡_ RwoZ Ab¨vb¨ mswkøó cÿ‡ì myiÿvi Rb¨ AvBbZ `vqx Zv‡ì KvR I `vwqZ¡ m¤ú‡K© we¯ÍvwiZ Rvbv‡bv| GB me `vwqZ¡ ev KvR n‡Z cv‡i m¤ú` GKÎxKiY, AeKvVv‡gvi iÿYv‡eÿY I Dbœqb, evB‡ii ms¯’vi mv‡_ Ges Lv`¨ wbivcËv, ¯^v¯’¨‡mev, ¯^v¯’¨wewa, cywó, cvwb mieivn I cqtwb®‹vkb mvov`vb Kvh©µgmn Ab¨vb¨ Lv‡Zi mv‡_ mgš^q Kiv|

¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi e¨vcK AskMÖnY eRvq ivL‡Z wbqwgZ KwgDwbwU cwiexÿY I wbiƒcY‡K Kg© cwiKíbvq AšÍfy©³ Ki‡Z n‡e (G e¨vcv‡i AviI Rvbvi Rb¨ mgš^q gvb, c„ôv 33-36; ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 3, c„ôv 39-40; wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x gvb 2, c„ôv 94-96; wkÿvbxwZ gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 6, c„ôv 106; wkÿvbxwZ gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 3, c„ôv 108-109 Ges wùqvi gv‡bi cvwb mieivn, cqtwb®‹vkb I ¯^v¯’¨wewa cÖeZ©b, Lv`¨ wbivcËv I cywó Ges ¯^v¯’¨‡mevi KiYxq Aa¨vq †`Lyb)

5. wkÿv Kvh©µ‡g wkï I bexb‡ì AskMÖnY: wkÿv eë¯’vi Dbœqb Ges eë¯’vcbvi †h welq¸‡jv wkï I bexb‡ì Rxeb‡K cÖfvweZ K‡i †m m¤ú‡K© Zv‡ì Rvbvi AwaKvi i‡q‡Q| Zv‡ì‡K wbivc` I my cwi‡e‡k Av‡jvPbvq AskMÖn‡Yi Rb¨ Avgš¿Y Rvbv‡bv DwPZ hv MVbg~jK msjv‡ci cÖwZ m¤§vb e„w× K‡i| wewfbœ mvs¯‹…wZK Kg©KvÐ †hgb-wPÎvsKb, Mvb-evRbv, bvUK BZ¨vw` Abyôv‡bi gva¨‡g wkï I bexbiv wb‡R‡ì‡K cÖKvk Ki‡Z cv‡i (wkÿvbxwZ gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 1 I 6, c„ôv 103-104 I 106

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†`Lyb)|

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wkï I bexb‡ì Zv‡ì wb‡R‡ì Ges Zv‡ì cwiev‡ii m`m¨ I mZx_‡© ì Av‡ewMK I mvgwRK Kj¨vY miy ÿv Ki‡Z Ges Gme wel‡q mnvqZv Kivi Rb¨ cwÖ kÿY w`‡Z n‡e| `‡y hv©© M cieZx© Kv‡j †h me wkïiv we`¨vj‡q Dcw¯Z’ †bB Zv‡ì‡K wPwýZ Ki‡Z Ges Zv‡ì‡K we`¨vj‡q Dcw Z’ n‡Z wkï I bexbiv A‡bK mgq ¸iæZc¡ Y~ © fw~ gKv cvjb K‡i| Zviv Zv‡ì mZx_© hviv AvnZ n‡q‡Q Ges cwÖ ZeÜx Zv‡ì‡K wkÿvi m‡y hv‡Mi g‡a¨ wb‡q Avm‡Z mvnvh¨ Ki‡Z cv‡i| kvwšÍ ¯v’ cb Ges Ø›Ø-msNvZ I `‡y hv© ‡Mi gj~ KviY Z‡z j aivmn BwZevPK cwieZ‡© b mÿgZv ˆZwi Zv‡ì mvg_ ‡© K A‡bK evwo‡q †`q| D`vniY wnmv‡e ejv hvq, cwÖ kÿY wkï I bexb‡ì‡K wkLb cwi‡e‡ki wfZ‡i wbhv© Zb cwÖ Z‡iva I G wel‡q wi‡cvU© Ki‡Z Ges eÜ‡z ì g‡a¨ ga¨¯Z’ v A_ev msNvZgq cwi‡ek wbim‡b mnvqZv K‡i (wb‡P wb‡ w© kKv 7, AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 2, cô„ v 60-65; wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKgx© gvb 3, wb‡`w© kKv 5 I 6 cô„ v 98 †`Lby )|

wewfbœ ai‡bi KvR †hgb- Avkªq‡K›`ª wbg©vY A_ev weZiYg~jK KvR hv bexb‡ì‡K KwgDwbwUi wewfbœ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Kv‡Ri cwiKíbv I ev¯Íevq‡b AskMÖnY Ki‡Z my‡hvM K‡i w`‡Z cv‡i| G ai‡bi Kg©Kv‡Ð AskMÖnY BwZevPK weKí c‡_i my‡hvM K‡i †`q †hLv‡b bexbiv mk¯¿ `j A_ev Acivag~jK Kv‡R Rwo‡q cov †_‡K weiZ _v‡K Ges Gi g‡bvmvgvwRK DcKvwiZv A‡bK †ewk| GQvovI ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi GKUv eo Ask‡K bexb‡ì Kv‡Ri cÖksmv Ki‡Z mnvqZv K‡i _v‡K| bexb‡ì wkÿv Kg©m~wPi cwiKíbv, cwiexÿY I g~j¨vq‡b AskMÖnY we‡kl K‡i `ÿZv I RxweKvi cÖwkÿY Zv‡ì eZ©gvb I fwel¨‡Zi Pvwn`v wgUv‡e Zv wbwðZ Ki‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i| evwjKv I wK‡kvix‡ì †mv”Pvi Kivi Rb¨ Zv‡ì AskMÖnY wbwðZ Ki‡Z we‡kl eë¯’v wb‡Z n‡e KviY wkÿvi AwfMg¨Zv I wkÿv Pvwn`vi †ÿ‡Î wK‡kvi mncvVx‡ì mv‡_ Zv‡ì cv_©K¨ i‡q‡Q| (SEEP Network Mini-

mum Standards for Economic Recovery after Crisis, Employment Cre-ation standard and Enterprise Development standards †`Lyb)

6. mvgvwRK wbixÿv: GUv n‡”Q wkÿv Kg©m~wPi mgvRwfwËK g~j¨vqb| GUv eëüZ nq:

Kg©m~wPi Rb¨ ch©vß RbMY, Znwej I e¯‘MZ Dcv`vb wba©vi‡Y;NvUwZ wPwýZKi‡Y;Kg©m~wPi Kvh©KvwiZv cwiexÿ‡Y;

Riæwi Ae¯’vi ïiæ‡Z A_ev gvSvgvwS mg‡q mvgvwRK wbixÿv cwiPvjbv Kiv me mgq m¤¢e bvI n‡Z cv‡i| hv †nvK, `xN©‡gqv`x Pig msKU A_ev DËi‡Yi cÖv_wgK ch©v‡q mvgvwRK wbixÿv ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi AwaKvi ni‡Yi Z_¨vw` wjwce× Ki‡Z Ges wkÿv Kg©m~wP‡K AviI my›ìfv‡e cwiexÿY Ki‡Z ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi mvg_©¨ e„w×‡Z wewfbœ mnvqZv I my‡hvM cÖ`vb K‡i| bexb‡ì we‡kl K‡i hv‡ì AvbyôvwbK A_ev DcvbyôvwbK wkÿv †bB Zv‡ì mvgvwRK wbixÿvq AskMÖnY

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GKwU wkÿv Kg©cwiKíbv Ae¨vnZ wkÿvi wbðqZv cÖ`v‡b ¸iæZ¡v‡ivc K‡i| Gi wKQz D‡Ïk¨ Av‡Q| G¸‡jv n‡jv:

wK ai‡bi wkÿY Ges wkLb cwi‡ek _vK‡Z cv‡i Zvi Av‡jv‡K GKwU mgwš^Z jÿ¨ ‰Zwi Kiv| Kvh©µg, wb‡`©wkKv, D‡Ï‡kï Av‡jv‡K Zv e¨vL¨v Kiv Ges GKwU mgqmxgv _vKv;mywbw`©ó †cÖÿvcU †hgb Ø›Ø-msNvZ n‡Z cv‡i Ggb ¯úk©KvZi welq I `y‡h©vM SzuwK n«v‡m h_vh_ wkÿvµ‡gi mv‡_ Lvc LvIqv‡bv;Kg©x wb‡qvM, ZË¡veavqb I cÖwkÿY Ges wkÿK‡ì ÿwZc~iY I mnvqZv cÖwµqvq m¤§wZ cÖ`vb;êlg¨ Kgv‡Z gvbevwaKvi wfwËK eë¯’v¸‡jv‡K AMÖvwaKvi †`qv Ges wkÿv Aek¨B mnRcÖvc¨, AwfMg¨, MÖnY‡hvM¨ I cwi‡e‡ki mv‡_ Lvc LvIqv‡bv n‡e GB mKj welq wb‡q ci¯ú‡ii mv‡_ gZ wewbgq Kiv;wkÿv‡ÿ‡Î evav¸‡jv `~i Kivmn wbivc` I mnvqK wkLb cwi‡ek ˆZwi‡Z AMÖvwaKviwfwËK †hŠ_ cÖwZkÖæwZ I Pzw³ Kiv;wkÿv KZ©„cÿ hviv wkÿv AwaKvi I wkÿvi mv‡_ RwoZ Ab¨vb¨ mswkøó cÿ‡ì myiÿvi Rb¨ AvBbZ `vqx Zv‡ì KvR I `vwqZ¡ m¤ú‡K© we¯ÍvwiZ Rvbv‡bv| GB me `vwqZ¡ ev KvR n‡Z cv‡i m¤ú` GKÎxKiY, AeKvVv‡gvi iÿYv‡eÿY I Dbœqb, evB‡ii ms¯’vi mv‡_ Ges Lv`¨ wbivcËv, ¯^v¯’¨‡mev, ¯^v¯’¨wewa, cywó, cvwb mieivn I cqtwb®‹vkb mvov`vb Kvh©µgmn Ab¨vb¨ Lv‡Zi mv‡_ mgš^q Kiv|

¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi e¨vcK AskMÖnY eRvq ivL‡Z wbqwgZ KwgDwbwU cwiexÿY I wbiƒcY‡K Kg© cwiKíbvq AšÍfy©³ Ki‡Z n‡e (G e¨vcv‡i AviI Rvbvi Rb¨ mgš^q gvb, c„ôv 33-36; ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 3, c„ôv 39-40; wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x gvb 2, c„ôv 94-96; wkÿvbxwZ gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 6, c„ôv 106; wkÿvbxwZ gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 3, c„ôv 108-109 Ges wùqvi gv‡bi cvwb mieivn, cqtwb®‹vkb I ¯^v¯’¨wewa cÖeZ©b, Lv`¨ wbivcËv I cywó Ges ¯^v¯’¨‡mevi KiYxq Aa¨vq †`Lyb)

5. wkÿv Kvh©µ‡g wkï I bexb‡ì AskMÖnY: wkÿv eë¯’vi Dbœqb Ges eë¯’vcbvi †h welq¸‡jv wkï I bexb‡ì Rxeb‡K cÖfvweZ K‡i †m m¤ú‡K© Zv‡ì Rvbvi AwaKvi i‡q‡Q| Zv‡ì‡K wbivc` I my cwi‡e‡k Av‡jvPbvq AskMÖn‡Yi Rb¨ Avgš¿Y Rvbv‡bv DwPZ hv MVbg~jK msjv‡ci cÖwZ m¤§vb e„w× K‡i| wewfbœ mvs¯‹…wZK Kg©KvÐ †hgb-wPÎvsKb, Mvb-evRbv, bvUK BZ¨vw` Abyôv‡bi gva¨‡g wkï I bexbiv wb‡R‡ì‡K cÖKvk Ki‡Z cv‡i (wkÿvbxwZ gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 1 I 6, c„ôv 103-104 I 106

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wkï I bexb‡ì Zv‡ì wb‡R‡ì Ges Zv‡ì cwiev‡ii m`m¨ I mZx_‡© ì Av‡ewMK I mvgwRK Kj¨vY miy ÿv Ki‡Z Ges Gme wel‡q mnvqZv Kivi Rb¨ cwÖ kÿY w`‡Z n‡e| `‡y hv©© M cieZx© Kv‡j †h me wkïiv we`¨vj‡q Dcw¯Z’ †bB Zv‡ì‡K wPwýZ Ki‡Z Ges Zv‡ì‡K we`¨vj‡q Dcw Z’ n‡Z wkï I bexbiv A‡bK mgq ¸iæZc¡ Y~ © fw~ gKv cvjb K‡i| Zviv Zv‡ì mZx_© hviv AvnZ n‡q‡Q Ges cwÖ ZeÜx Zv‡ì‡K wkÿvi m‡y hv‡Mi g‡a¨ wb‡q Avm‡Z mvnvh¨ Ki‡Z cv‡i| kvwšÍ ¯v’ cb Ges Ø›Ø-msNvZ I `‡y hv© ‡Mi gj~ KviY Z‡z j aivmn BwZevPK cwieZ‡© b mÿgZv ˆZwi Zv‡ì mvg_ ‡© K A‡bK evwo‡q †`q| D`vniY wnmv‡e ejv hvq, cwÖ kÿY wkï I bexb‡ì‡K wkLb cwi‡e‡ki wfZ‡i wbhv© Zb cwÖ Z‡iva I G wel‡q wi‡cvU© Ki‡Z Ges eÜ‡z ì g‡a¨ ga¨¯Z’ v A_ev msNvZgq cwi‡ek wbim‡b mnvqZv K‡i (wb‡P wb‡ w© kKv 7, AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 2, cô„ v 60-65; wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKgx© gvb 3, wb‡`w© kKv 5 I 6 cô„ v 98 †`Lby )|

wewfbœ ai‡bi KvR †hgb- Avkªq‡K›`ª wbg©vY A_ev weZiYg~jK KvR hv bexb‡ì‡K KwgDwbwUi wewfbœ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Kv‡Ri cwiKíbv I ev¯Íevq‡b AskMÖnY Ki‡Z my‡hvM K‡i w`‡Z cv‡i| G ai‡bi Kg©Kv‡Ð AskMÖnY BwZevPK weKí c‡_i my‡hvM K‡i †`q †hLv‡b bexbiv mk¯¿ `j A_ev Acivag~jK Kv‡R Rwo‡q cov †_‡K weiZ _v‡K Ges Gi g‡bvmvgvwRK DcKvwiZv A‡bK †ewk| GQvovI ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi GKUv eo Ask‡K bexb‡ì Kv‡Ri cÖksmv Ki‡Z mnvqZv K‡i _v‡K| bexb‡ì wkÿv Kg©m~wPi cwiKíbv, cwiexÿY I g~j¨vq‡b AskMÖnY we‡kl K‡i `ÿZv I RxweKvi cÖwkÿY Zv‡ì eZ©gvb I fwel¨‡Zi Pvwn`v wgUv‡e Zv wbwðZ Ki‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i| evwjKv I wK‡kvix‡ì †mv”Pvi Kivi Rb¨ Zv‡ì AskMÖnY wbwðZ Ki‡Z we‡kl eë¯’v wb‡Z n‡e KviY wkÿvi AwfMg¨Zv I wkÿv Pvwn`vi †ÿ‡Î wK‡kvi mncvVx‡ì mv‡_ Zv‡ì cv_©K¨ i‡q‡Q| (SEEP Network Mini-

mum Standards for Economic Recovery after Crisis, Employment Cre-ation standard and Enterprise Development standards †`Lyb)

6. mvgvwRK wbixÿv: GUv n‡”Q wkÿv Kg©m~wPi mgvRwfwËK g~j¨vqb| GUv eëüZ nq:

Kg©m~wPi Rb¨ ch©vß RbMY, Znwej I e¯‘MZ Dcv`vb wba©vi‡Y;NvUwZ wPwýZKi‡Y;Kg©m~wPi Kvh©KvwiZv cwiexÿ‡Y;

Riæwi Ae¯’vi ïiæ‡Z A_ev gvSvgvwS mg‡q mvgvwRK wbixÿv cwiPvjbv Kiv me mgq m¤¢e bvI n‡Z cv‡i| hv †nvK, `xN©‡gqv`x Pig msKU A_ev DËi‡Yi cÖv_wgK ch©v‡q mvgvwRK wbixÿv ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi AwaKvi ni‡Yi Z_¨vw` wjwce× Ki‡Z Ges wkÿv Kg©m~wP‡K AviI my›ìfv‡e cwiexÿY Ki‡Z ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi mvg_©¨ e„w×‡Z wewfbœ mnvqZv I my‡hvM cÖ`vb K‡i| bexb‡ì we‡kl K‡i hv‡ì AvbyôvwbK A_ev DcvbyôvwbK wkÿv †bB Zv‡ì mvgvwRK wbixÿvq AskMÖnY

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we‡klfv‡e Riæwi| mvgvwRK wbixÿvi djvdj KwgDwbwUi mKj m`m¨ I mswkøó KZ©„c‡ÿi mv‡_ gZ wewbgq Kiv Riæwi (ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 4, c„ôv 50-51 †`Lyb)|

7. mÿgZv ˆZwi: mÿgZv RbMY I cÖwZôv‡bi AvPiY, `ÿZv, mvg_©¨ I Ávb e„w× K‡i Ges Zv‡ì jÿ¨ AR©‡b mvnvh¨ K‡i| Kg©m~wP cwiKíbv Ges Zvi ev¯Íevq‡bi AvµvšÍ Rb‡Mvôxi m¤ú„³Zv cÖ‡qvRb| G Kvi‡Y AvµvšÍ Rb‡Mvôxi ga¨ †_‡K wkÿv we‡klÁ †hgb- wkÿK, Ab¨vb¨ wkÿv e¨w³Z¡ Ges wkÿvµg Dbœq‡b m¤ú„³ e¨w³‡ì wPwýZ Kiv DwPZ| hw` ¯’vbxqfv‡e ch©vß we‡klÁ wPwýZ Kiv bv hvq A_ev Zviv hw` wkÿv eë¯’v cybtcÖwZôv Ki‡Z Aÿg nq ev mnvqZv Ki‡Z AcviMZv cÖKvk K‡i ZLb ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôx‡K mÿgZv ˆZwi Kvh©µ‡gi gva¨‡g AwfÁ K‡i †Zvjv †h‡Z cv‡i| wbiƒcY †g‡q ev †Q‡j wkï, wec`vcbœ `jmn KwgDwbwUi bexb I cÖvß eq¯‹‡ì wewfbœ ai‡bi mÿgZv, Pvwn`v I mvov`v‡bi †ÿÎ hvPvB Ki‡e| cÖwkÿY Kg©m~wP ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi mÿgZv wbiƒcY Ki‡e hv ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi cÖwkÿY I Ab¨vb¨ mÿgZv ˆZwii cÖ‡qvRbxqZv wPwýZ Ki‡e Ges G¸‡jv DËi‡Yi c_ †`Lv‡e| GB ai‡bi Kvh©µg ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi gvwjKvbv cÖwZôv Ki‡e Ges wkÿv Kg©m~wP iÿYv‡eÿY K‡i Ab¨vb¨ Lv‡Zi mv‡_ Zvi mgš^q mvab Ki‡e|

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¸YMZ wkÿvi my‡hvM‡K (AwfMg¨Zv‡K) kw³kvjx Ki‡Z KwgDwbwU, wkÿvKg©x Ges wkÿv_©xiv ¯’vbxq m¤ú`mg~n wPwýZ K‡i Zv Kv‡R jvMv‡e (wb‡`©wkKv 1-3 †`Lyb)|

wkÿv KZ©„cÿ, ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôx Ges gvbweKZvi Kv‡R RwoZ mswkøó cÿiv we`¨gvb Ávb I `ÿZv‡K ¯^xK…wZ †`q Ges Gme Ávb I `ÿZvi m‡e©v”P eënvi K‡i wkÿv Kg©m~wPi bKkv cÖYqb K‡i (wb‡`©wkKv 4-5 †`Lyb)|

RvZxq KZ©„cÿ, ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôx Ges gvbweKZvi Kv‡R RwoZ mswkøó cÿiv wkÿv eë¯’v DbœZ, gvbvbmB I cÖPv‡ii Kv‡R ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi m¤ú` eënvi K‡i hv `y‡h©vM SuywK nªvm Ges Ø›Ø-msNvZ wbim‡b AšÍf©y³ Kiv nq (wb‡`©wkKv 5 †`Lyb)|

wb‡`©wkKv1. KwgDwbwU m¤ú`mg~n: gvbyl, eyw×Rxex, fvlvZË¡, Avw_©K I e¯‘MZ m¤ú` mewKQzB

KwgDwbwU m¤ú‡ì AšÍf©y³| wkÿv mvov`v‡bi bKkv I cwiKíbvi mgq ¯’vbxq †h me m¤ú` Av‡Q Zv wPwýZ Ki‡Z n‡e Ges wkÿv‡ÿ‡Î G¸‡jv K‡ZvUv Ae`vb ivL‡Z cv‡i Zv wbY©‡qi Rb¨ ch©v‡jvPbv Ki‡Z n‡e|

KwgDwbwU m¤ú` RvZxq KZ©„c‡ÿi AvBbx `vq`vwq‡Z¡i g‡a¨ c‡o bv| KwgDwbwU m¤ú` wkÿY I wkL‡bi wbivcËv, AwfMg¨Zv Ges gv‡bvbœqb Ki‡Z cv‡i| AeKvVv‡gvMZ Ae`vb ej‡Z cÖviw¤¢K wkï weKvk †K›`ª, we`¨vjq I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿv †K›`ª wbg©vY, iÿYv‡eÿY I †givgZ Kv‡R DcKiY I kÖ‡gi mnvqZv‡K eySvq| Av‡ewMK, kvixwiK Ges mvgvwRK Kj¨vY‡K GwM‡q wb‡q †h‡Z wkÿv_©x Ges wkÿK, mÂvjK I †`Lv-†kvbvi `vwq‡Z¡ wb‡qvwRZ Kg©x‡ì g‡bv-mvgvwRK mnvqZvi cÖ‡qvRb| m¤ú` Kv‡R jvwM‡q wkÿK‡ì †eZb e„w× Ges Ab¨vb¨ fvZv cÖ`v‡bi gva¨‡g Zv‡ì Kv‡Ri cÖwZ Drmvn DÏxcbv evov‡bv †h‡Z cv‡i| m¤ú` Kv‡R jvMv‡bvi Z_¨vw` ¯^”QZv I Revew`wnZvi Rb¨ †i‡L †`qv DwPZ| wkïiv Zv‡ì mÿgZvi evB‡i kª‡gi Øviv †hb †kvwlZ bv nq Zv wbwðZ Ki‡Z Aek¨B cwiexÿY Ki‡Z n‡e (AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 2, c„ôv 60-65; AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 3, wb‡`©wkKv 1-4, c„ôv 66-68 I wkÿvbxwZ gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 4, c„ôv 109 †`Lyb)|

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KwgDwbwUi AskMÖnY gvb 2:m¤ú`mg~n

eqm‡cv‡hvMx wkLb my‡hvM ev¯Íevqb Ki‡Z ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi m¤ú`mg~n wPwýZ, GKwÎZ Ges eënvi Ki‡Z n‡e|


we‡klfv‡e Riæwi| mvgvwRK wbixÿvi djvdj KwgDwbwUi mKj m`m¨ I mswkøó KZ©„c‡ÿi mv‡_ gZ wewbgq Kiv Riæwi (ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 4, c„ôv 50-51 †`Lyb)|

7. mÿgZv ˆZwi: mÿgZv RbMY I cÖwZôv‡bi AvPiY, `ÿZv, mvg_©¨ I Ávb e„w× K‡i Ges Zv‡ì jÿ¨ AR©‡b mvnvh¨ K‡i| Kg©m~wP cwiKíbv Ges Zvi ev¯Íevq‡bi AvµvšÍ Rb‡Mvôxi m¤ú„³Zv cÖ‡qvRb| G Kvi‡Y AvµvšÍ Rb‡Mvôxi ga¨ †_‡K wkÿv we‡klÁ †hgb- wkÿK, Ab¨vb¨ wkÿv e¨w³Z¡ Ges wkÿvµg Dbœq‡b m¤ú„³ e¨w³‡ì wPwýZ Kiv DwPZ| hw` ¯’vbxqfv‡e ch©vß we‡klÁ wPwýZ Kiv bv hvq A_ev Zviv hw` wkÿv eë¯’v cybtcÖwZôv Ki‡Z Aÿg nq ev mnvqZv Ki‡Z AcviMZv cÖKvk K‡i ZLb ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôx‡K mÿgZv ˆZwi Kvh©µ‡gi gva¨‡g AwfÁ K‡i †Zvjv †h‡Z cv‡i| wbiƒcY †g‡q ev †Q‡j wkï, wec`vcbœ `jmn KwgDwbwUi bexb I cÖvß eq¯‹‡ì wewfbœ ai‡bi mÿgZv, Pvwn`v I mvov`v‡bi †ÿÎ hvPvB Ki‡e| cÖwkÿY Kg©m~wP ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi mÿgZv wbiƒcY Ki‡e hv ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi cÖwkÿY I Ab¨vb¨ mÿgZv ˆZwii cÖ‡qvRbxqZv wPwýZ Ki‡e Ges G¸‡jv DËi‡Yi c_ †`Lv‡e| GB ai‡bi Kvh©µg ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi gvwjKvbv cÖwZôv Ki‡e Ges wkÿv Kg©m~wP iÿYv‡eÿY K‡i Ab¨vb¨ Lv‡Zi mv‡_ Zvi mgš^q mvab Ki‡e|

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¸YMZ wkÿvi my‡hvM‡K (AwfMg¨Zv‡K) kw³kvjx Ki‡Z KwgDwbwU, wkÿvKg©x Ges wkÿv_©xiv ¯’vbxq m¤ú`mg~n wPwýZ K‡i Zv Kv‡R jvMv‡e (wb‡`©wkKv 1-3 †`Lyb)|

wkÿv KZ©„cÿ, ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôx Ges gvbweKZvi Kv‡R RwoZ mswkøó cÿiv we`¨gvb Ávb I `ÿZv‡K ¯^xK…wZ †`q Ges Gme Ávb I `ÿZvi m‡e©v”P eënvi K‡i wkÿv Kg©m~wPi bKkv cÖYqb K‡i (wb‡`©wkKv 4-5 †`Lyb)|

RvZxq KZ©„cÿ, ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôx Ges gvbweKZvi Kv‡R RwoZ mswkøó cÿiv wkÿv eë¯’v DbœZ, gvbvbmB I cÖPv‡ii Kv‡R ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi m¤ú` eënvi K‡i hv `y‡h©vM SuywK nªvm Ges Ø›Ø-msNvZ wbim‡b AšÍf©y³ Kiv nq (wb‡`©wkKv 5 †`Lyb)|

wb‡`©wkKv1. KwgDwbwU m¤ú`mg~n: gvbyl, eyw×Rxex, fvlvZË¡, Avw_©K I e¯‘MZ m¤ú` mewKQzB

KwgDwbwU m¤ú‡ì AšÍf©y³| wkÿv mvov`v‡bi bKkv I cwiKíbvi mgq ¯’vbxq †h me m¤ú` Av‡Q Zv wPwýZ Ki‡Z n‡e Ges wkÿv‡ÿ‡Î G¸‡jv K‡ZvUv Ae`vb ivL‡Z cv‡i Zv wbY©‡qi Rb¨ ch©v‡jvPbv Ki‡Z n‡e|

KwgDwbwU m¤ú` RvZxq KZ©„c‡ÿi AvBbx `vq`vwq‡Z¡i g‡a¨ c‡o bv| KwgDwbwU m¤ú` wkÿY I wkL‡bi wbivcËv, AwfMg¨Zv Ges gv‡bvbœqb Ki‡Z cv‡i| AeKvVv‡gvMZ Ae`vb ej‡Z cÖviw¤¢K wkï weKvk †K›`ª, we`¨vjq I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿv †K›`ª wbg©vY, iÿYv‡eÿY I †givgZ Kv‡R DcKiY I kÖ‡gi mnvqZv‡K eySvq| Av‡ewMK, kvixwiK Ges mvgvwRK Kj¨vY‡K GwM‡q wb‡q †h‡Z wkÿv_©x Ges wkÿK, mÂvjK I †`Lv-†kvbvi `vwq‡Z¡ wb‡qvwRZ Kg©x‡ì g‡bv-mvgvwRK mnvqZvi cÖ‡qvRb| m¤ú` Kv‡R jvwM‡q wkÿK‡ì †eZb e„w× Ges Ab¨vb¨ fvZv cÖ`v‡bi gva¨‡g Zv‡ì Kv‡Ri cÖwZ Drmvn DÏxcbv evov‡bv †h‡Z cv‡i| m¤ú` Kv‡R jvMv‡bvi Z_¨vw` ¯^”QZv I Revew`wnZvi Rb¨ †i‡L †`qv DwPZ| wkïiv Zv‡ì mÿgZvi evB‡i kª‡gi Øviv †hb †kvwlZ bv nq Zv wbwðZ Ki‡Z Aek¨B cwiexÿY Ki‡Z n‡e (AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 2, c„ôv 60-65; AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 3, wb‡`©wkKv 1-4, c„ôv 66-68 I wkÿvbxwZ gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 4, c„ôv 109 †`Lyb)|

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KwgDwbwUi AskMÖnY gvb 2:m¤ú`mg~n

eqm‡cv‡hvMx wkLb my‡hvM ev¯Íevqb Ki‡Z ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi m¤ú`mg~n wPwýZ, GKwÎZ Ges eënvi Ki‡Z n‡e|


2. AwfMg¨Zv I wbivcËv ew„ ×: wkÿv KZc„© ÿ, ¯v’ bxq Rb‡Mvôx Ges gvbweKZvi Kv‡R wb‡qvwRZ mswkóø cÿ (†÷K‡nvìviiv) KwgDwbwUi m`m¨‡ì‡K wec`vcbœ wkï I bexb‡ì we`¨vj‡q wbqwgZ Dcw¯w’ Z I Ab¨vb¨ wkLb KgK© v‡Ði AvIZvq Avbvi Rb¨ Gme wkï I bexb‡ì wPwýZ I mnvqZv †`qvi e¨vcv‡i Drmvn †`‡e| †hgb- nZ`wi ª cwievi¸‡jvi wkï‡ì Rb¨ Dch³y †cvlvK Ges wkï caÖ vb cwievi¸‡jvi wkï‡ì Lv‡`ï eë¯v’ Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| KwgDwbwUi m`mïv wkï I bexb‡ì Rb¨ we`¨vjq, cvÖ iw¤K¢ wkï weKvk †K› ª Ges wkL‡bi Ab¨vb¨ ¯v’ bmgn~ wbivc` Zv wbwðZ Ki‡Z wkÿv KZc„© ‡ÿi mv‡_ KvR Ki‡e| Zviv wew”Qbœ Ges `My g© GjvKvi gvbly ‡ì †hvMv‡hv‡Mi Rb¨ wbivc` eë¯v’ MnÖ Y Ki‡Z cv‡i| cwÖ ZeÜx wkÿv_x© ‡ì wkÿvi m‡y hvM evov‡Z Zv‡ì kvixwiK cwÖ ZeÜKZv ì~ Kivi eë¯v’ wb‡Z n‡e| gwnjviv †kwª YK‡ÿi mvnvh¨Kvix wnmv‡e KvR Ki‡Z cv‡i A_ev Zviv †g‡qwkï I cwÖ ZeÜx wkÿv_x© ‡ì nqivwb †_‡K iÿv K‡i Zv‡ì we`¨vj‡q Dcw¯w’ Zi nvi evov‡Z cv‡i| hLb bexbiv ms¯‹w… Z I iÿYkxjZvi Kvi‡Y eq‡m †QvU‡ì mv‡_ we`¨vj‡q Dcw¯Z’ n‡Z cv‡i bv ZLb KwgDwbwUi †jv‡Kiv Gme wK‡kvi‡ì Rb¨ mZx_© wkÿv, KvwiMix I ew„ Ëgj~ K wkÿv Ges cwÖ kÿY, ÿz ª eëmv cwÖ kÿ‡Yi g‡Zv Dcvbôy vwbK wkÿv Kvhµ© ‡gi bKkv cYÖ qb K‡i Zv cPÖ v‡ii eë¯v’ Ki‡Z cv‡i| KwgDwbwU m¤ú` Aek¨B `‡y hv© M Swuz K nvª m wkÿv Kvhµ© g I KwgDwbwUi mvov`vb cÖ w‘ Zi Dbqœ b, cwiw¯w’ Zi mv‡_ m½wZ †i‡L Zv gvbvbmB Ges mKj‡K Rvbv‡bvi Rb¨ eëüZ n‡e wb‡P wb‡`w© kKv 5 (AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 2-3, cô„ v 60-70; †`Lby ; Ges SEEP Network Minimum Standards for Economic Recovery after

Crisis, Enterprise Development standards †`Lby )|

3. †UKmBKiY: wkÿvKg©x I ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôx‡K `xN©‡gqv`x `vwqZ¡ I f‚wgKv wel‡q cÖwkÿY wb‡Z n‡e| GB cÖwkÿ‡Y AšÍf©y³ _vK‡Z cv‡i m¤ú` GKÎxKiY I eë¯’vcbv, wewfbœ myweavw` iÿYv‡eÿY, cÖwZeÜx wel‡q m‡PZbZv Ges wkï I bexb‡ì AskMÖnY wbwðZ Ki‡Z we‡kl eë¯’v|

4. ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi Ae`v‡bi ¯^xK…wZ: mKj cwiKíbv, Kg©m~wP I cÖwZ‡e`‡b ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi Ae`v‡bi Z_¨ D‡jøL Ki‡Z n‡e| wkÿv‡K›`ª cybtwbg©v‡Y ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi Ae`vb †fŠZ n‡Z cv‡i, †hgb feb wbg©vY DcKiY| G¸‡jv ¸YMZ n‡Z cv‡i, †hgb ¯’vbxq `ÿZv hv msL¨v w`‡q cwigvc Kiv hvq| ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi ewjô Ae`vb `xN©‡gqv`x mnvqZv I gvwjKvbv¯^Ë¡ cÖwZôv K‡i| hvB‡nvK, KwgDwbwU mnvqZvi g‡Zv evB‡ii avivevwnK mnvqZvi Dci wbf©i Kiv wVK bq| wkÿvi Rb¨ AvBbx `vwqZ¡ RvZxq KZ©„c‡ÿi Dci b¨¯Í| bexb‡ì mZx_© wkÿvq AskMÖnY I Ae`vb ivLvi Rb¨ KwgDwbwU‡K MwZkxj Ges KwgDwbwUi Dbœq‡bi D‡`¨vM‡K DrmvwnZ I ¯^xK…wZ w`‡Z n‡e| wbiƒcY Pvwn`v I bKkv cÖYq‡bi mgq bexb‡ì AskMÖnY we‡klfv‡e ¸iæZ¡c~Y©|

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5. ¯’vbxq mÿgZv: `y‡h©vM SzuwK nªvm I Ø›Ø-msNvZ wbim‡b wkÿvi Dbœqb, cwiw¯’wZi mv‡_ msMwZc~Y© gvbvbmB wkÿv eë¯’v I wkÿv cÖ`v‡bi Dci bRi †`qv DwPZ Ges ¯’vbxqfv‡e wU‡K _vKvi BwZevPK †KŠkj I mÿgZ¸‡jv‡K kw³kvjx Ki‡Z n‡e|

m¤ú‡ì Amg my‡hvM I KwgDwbwU‡Z wewfbœ `‡ji AskMÖnY wkÿv mnvqZv‡K evavMÖ¯Í Ki‡Z Ges wkÿv mnvqZv †_‡K ev` co‡Z A_ev wefvRb ˆZwi Ki‡Z cv‡i| hviv Ae`vb ivL‡Z cv‡ib bv Zv‡ì ÿwZ n‡Z cv‡i GK_v wPšÍv K‡i e¨w³ A_ev `j hviv Ae`vb †i‡L‡Q Zv‡ì‡K wkÿv cwiKíbv I Kg©m~wP‡Z ivLv DwPZ n‡e bv| hviv Ae`vb ivL‡Z cvi‡eb bv e‡j evQvB Kiv nq Zv‡ì cÖwZ †Kv‡bv ai‡bi êlg¨ Kiv hv‡e bv (ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 3, c„ôv 39-40 Ges wkÿvbxwZ gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 6, c„ôv 106 †`Lyb)|


2. AwfMg¨Zv I wbivcËv ew„ ×: wkÿv KZc„© ÿ, ¯v’ bxq Rb‡Mvôx Ges gvbweKZvi Kv‡R wb‡qvwRZ mswkóø cÿ (†÷K‡nvìviiv) KwgDwbwUi m`m¨‡ì‡K wec`vcbœ wkï I bexb‡ì we`¨vj‡q wbqwgZ Dcw¯w’ Z I Ab¨vb¨ wkLb KgK© v‡Ði AvIZvq Avbvi Rb¨ Gme wkï I bexb‡ì wPwýZ I mnvqZv †`qvi e¨vcv‡i Drmvn †`‡e| †hgb- nZ`wi ª cwievi¸‡jvi wkï‡ì Rb¨ Dch³y †cvlvK Ges wkï caÖ vb cwievi¸‡jvi wkï‡ì Lv‡`ï eë¯v’ Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| KwgDwbwUi m`mïv wkï I bexb‡ì Rb¨ we`¨vjq, cvÖ iw¤K¢ wkï weKvk †K› ª Ges wkL‡bi Ab¨vb¨ ¯v’ bmgn~ wbivc` Zv wbwðZ Ki‡Z wkÿv KZc„© ‡ÿi mv‡_ KvR Ki‡e| Zviv wew”Qbœ Ges `My g© GjvKvi gvbly ‡ì †hvMv‡hv‡Mi Rb¨ wbivc` eë¯v’ MnÖ Y Ki‡Z cv‡i| cwÖ ZeÜx wkÿv_x© ‡ì wkÿvi m‡y hvM evov‡Z Zv‡ì kvixwiK cwÖ ZeÜKZv ì~ Kivi eë¯v’ wb‡Z n‡e| gwnjviv †kwª YK‡ÿi mvnvh¨Kvix wnmv‡e KvR Ki‡Z cv‡i A_ev Zviv †g‡qwkï I cwÖ ZeÜx wkÿv_x© ‡ì nqivwb †_‡K iÿv K‡i Zv‡ì we`¨vj‡q Dcw¯w’ Zi nvi evov‡Z cv‡i| hLb bexbiv ms¯‹w… Z I iÿYkxjZvi Kvi‡Y eq‡m †QvU‡ì mv‡_ we`¨vj‡q Dcw¯Z’ n‡Z cv‡i bv ZLb KwgDwbwUi †jv‡Kiv Gme wK‡kvi‡ì Rb¨ mZx_© wkÿv, KvwiMix I ew„ Ëgj~ K wkÿv Ges cwÖ kÿY, ÿz ª eëmv cwÖ kÿ‡Yi g‡Zv Dcvbôy vwbK wkÿv Kvhµ© ‡gi bKkv cYÖ qb K‡i Zv cPÖ v‡ii eë¯v’ Ki‡Z cv‡i| KwgDwbwU m¤ú` Aek¨B `‡y hv© M Swuz K nvª m wkÿv Kvhµ© g I KwgDwbwUi mvov`vb cÖ w‘ Zi Dbqœ b, cwiw¯w’ Zi mv‡_ m½wZ †i‡L Zv gvbvbmB Ges mKj‡K Rvbv‡bvi Rb¨ eëüZ n‡e wb‡P wb‡`w© kKv 5 (AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 2-3, cô„ v 60-70; †`Lby ; Ges SEEP Network Minimum Standards for Economic Recovery after

Crisis, Enterprise Development standards †`Lby )|

3. †UKmBKiY: wkÿvKg©x I ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôx‡K `xN©‡gqv`x `vwqZ¡ I f‚wgKv wel‡q cÖwkÿY wb‡Z n‡e| GB cÖwkÿ‡Y AšÍf©y³ _vK‡Z cv‡i m¤ú` GKÎxKiY I eë¯’vcbv, wewfbœ myweavw` iÿYv‡eÿY, cÖwZeÜx wel‡q m‡PZbZv Ges wkï I bexb‡ì AskMÖnY wbwðZ Ki‡Z we‡kl eë¯’v|

4. ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi Ae`v‡bi ¯^xK…wZ: mKj cwiKíbv, Kg©m~wP I cÖwZ‡e`‡b ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi Ae`v‡bi Z_¨ D‡jøL Ki‡Z n‡e| wkÿv‡K›`ª cybtwbg©v‡Y ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi Ae`vb †fŠZ n‡Z cv‡i, †hgb feb wbg©vY DcKiY| G¸‡jv ¸YMZ n‡Z cv‡i, †hgb ¯’vbxq `ÿZv hv msL¨v w`‡q cwigvc Kiv hvq| ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi ewjô Ae`vb `xN©‡gqv`x mnvqZv I gvwjKvbv¯^Ë¡ cÖwZôv K‡i| hvB‡nvK, KwgDwbwU mnvqZvi g‡Zv evB‡ii avivevwnK mnvqZvi Dci wbf©i Kiv wVK bq| wkÿvi Rb¨ AvBbx `vwqZ¡ RvZxq KZ©„c‡ÿi Dci b¨¯Í| bexb‡ì mZx_© wkÿvq AskMÖnY I Ae`vb ivLvi Rb¨ KwgDwbwU‡K MwZkxj Ges KwgDwbwUi Dbœq‡bi D‡`¨vM‡K DrmvwnZ I ¯^xK…wZ w`‡Z n‡e| wbiƒcY Pvwn`v I bKkv cÖYq‡bi mgq bexb‡ì AskMÖnY we‡klfv‡e ¸iæZ¡c~Y©|

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5. ¯’vbxq mÿgZv: `y‡h©vM SzuwK nªvm I Ø›Ø-msNvZ wbim‡b wkÿvi Dbœqb, cwiw¯’wZi mv‡_ msMwZc~Y© gvbvbmB wkÿv eë¯’v I wkÿv cÖ`v‡bi Dci bRi †`qv DwPZ Ges ¯’vbxqfv‡e wU‡K _vKvi BwZevPK †KŠkj I mÿgZ¸‡jv‡K kw³kvjx Ki‡Z n‡e|

m¤ú‡ì Amg my‡hvM I KwgDwbwU‡Z wewfbœ `‡ji AskMÖnY wkÿv mnvqZv‡K evavMÖ¯Í Ki‡Z Ges wkÿv mnvqZv †_‡K ev` co‡Z A_ev wefvRb ˆZwi Ki‡Z cv‡i| hviv Ae`vb ivL‡Z cv‡ib bv Zv‡ì ÿwZ n‡Z cv‡i GK_v wPšÍv K‡i e¨w³ A_ev `j hviv Ae`vb †i‡L‡Q Zv‡ì‡K wkÿv cwiKíbv I Kg©m~wP‡Z ivLv DwPZ n‡e bv| hviv Ae`vb ivL‡Z cvi‡eb bv e‡j evQvB Kiv nq Zv‡ì cÖwZ †Kv‡bv ai‡bi êlg¨ Kiv hv‡e bv (ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 3, c„ôv 39-40 Ges wkÿvbxwZ gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 6, c„ôv 106 †`Lyb)|



wkÿv KZ…©cÿ hviv wkÿv AwaKvi c~i‡Yi Rb¨ `vwqZcÖvß, Zviv wkÿv Kv‡R mswkøó Ab¨vb¨ †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì mgš^q †KŠk‡j AskMÖnY Ges Avnevb Kivmn wkÿv‡ÿ‡Î †bZ…¯’vbxq f‚wgKv cvjb K‡i (wb‡`©wkKv 1 †`Lyb)|

AvšÍtms¯’v mgš^q KwgwU wbiƒcY, cwiKíbv, Z_¨ eë¯’vcbv, m¤ú` GKÎxKiY, mÿgZv e„w× Ges GW‡fv‡Kmxi g‡a¨ mgš^q mvab K‡i (wb‡`©wkKv 1 †`Lyb)|

wkÿvi cwimi I wkÿvi aib mgš^q Kvh©µ‡g we‡ewPZ nq (wb‡`©wkKv 1 †`Lyb)|

wkÿv Kvh©µg‡K mnvqZv Ki‡Z wkÿv wefvM, `vZv, RvwZmsN, †emiKvwi Dbœqb ms¯’v, ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôx I Ab¨vb¨ †÷K‡nvìviiv mg‡qvc‡hvMx, ¯^”Q, b¨vqm½Z Ges mgwš^Z A_©vqb KvVv‡gv eënvi K‡i (wb‡`©wkKv 2 †`Lyb)|

mgš^q KwgwU I mgš^q `‡ji g‡a¨ mvov`vb cwiKíbv I mgš^‡qi Z_¨vw` Av`vb cÖ`v‡bi ¯^”Q †KŠkj we`¨gvb (wb‡`©wkKv 3-4 †`Lyb)|

wkÿv mvov`v‡b mÿgZv I NvUwZ wPwýZKi‡Y †hŠ_ wbiƒcY cwiPvwjZ nq (wb‡`©wkKv 4 †`Lyb)|

djvdj AR©‡b mKj mswkøó cÿ (†÷K‡nvìviiv) mgZv, ¯^”QZv, `vwqZ¡kxjZv Ges Revew`wnZvi bxwZ‡Z HKë× (wb‡`©wkKv 5-6 †`Lyb)|

wb‡`©wkKv1. AvštÍ -ms¯v’ mgšq KwgwU: wkÿv mvov`vb‡K mgwšZ K‡i GKwU AvštÍ ms¯v’ mgšq

KwgwU, mvov`vb Kvhµ© ‡g G‡ì we¯iÍ cwÖ ZwbwaZ¡ _vK‡Z n‡e| RvZxq wkÿv wefvM‡K wkÿv msµvšÍ e¨vcv‡i †bZZ… ¡ cÖ vb Ki‡Z n‡e, wKš‘ ¯v’ bxq ms¯v’ I `‡jiI h_vh_ cwÖ ZwbwaZ¡ _vK‡Z n‡e| †hLv‡b wkÿv KZc„© ‡ÿi mÿgZv A_ev êaZvi Afve i‡q‡Q †mLv‡b GB `vwqZ¡ Ab¨vb¨ ms¯v’ i Kv‡Q Pwz ³i gva¨‡g n¯vÍ šwÍ iZ n‡Z cv‡i| we`¨gvb wkÿv mgšq `j/MæÖ c GB `vwqZ¡ MnÖ Y Ki‡e A_ev, hw` IASC’s Kv¬ óvi eë¯v’ mwµq _v‡K Z‡e wkÿv Kv¬ óvi cwÖ Zôv Ki‡Z n‡e| hwÌ, mswkóø wkÿv KZc©… ‡ÿi GKRb cwÖ Zwbwa‡K wm×všÍ MnÖ Y cwÖ µqvi mv‡_ me mgq m¤ú³„ _vK‡Z n‡e| msK‡Ui cKÖ w… Zi Ici Zv wbfi© K‡i RvZxq ev ¯v’ bxq chv© ‡q mgšq `‡ji c‡Ö qvRb n‡Z cv‡i| ÒTerms of Reference” G KwgwUi `vwqZ¡ I fw‚ gKv wjwce× _vK‡e (wkÿvbxwZ gvb 2, wb‡`w© kKv 3-4, cô„ v 108-109 †`Lby )|

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mgš^q gvb 1: mgš^qwkÿvi Rb¨ mgš^q Kjv‡KŠkj h_vh_ ch©v‡q Av‡Q Ges gvbm¤§Z wkÿv Pvwj‡q †h‡Z I AwfMg¨Zv wbwðZ Kivi j‡ÿ¨ mswkøó cÿ‡K (†÷K‡nvìvi‡ì) Kv‡R mnvqZv Kiv|

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cÖv_wgK ˆkke Dbœqb, cÖv_wgK, gva¨wgK, DcvbyôvwbK, KvwiMix, e„wËg~jK, D”PZi Ges cÖvß eq¯‹ wkÿvmn mKj cÖKvi wkÿv‡K mgš^q Kvh©µ‡gi AvIZvq we‡ePbv Ki‡Z n‡e|

2. m¤ú` GKÎxKiY: Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ †_‡K c~e©ve¯’vq wd‡i bv Avmv ch©šÍ ¸YMZ wkÿv Kg©m~wP‡K mdj I mgqg‡Zv ev¯Íevqb Ki‡Z ch©vß Znwej cÖ‡qvRb| mvwe©KxKiY wbwðZ Ki‡Z h_vmva¨ †Póv Pvjv‡Z n‡e, UN Flash Appeals Ges Consolidated Appeals Gi gva¨‡g A_©vq‡bi mgq ¯^”Q I mgwš^Z `„wófw½ _vK‡Z n‡e| Zxeª msKUgq cwiw¯’wZ‡Z UN Central Emergency Reponse

Fund Ges Ab¨vb¨ Riæwi Znwej wkÿvi Rb¨ Znwe‡ji †hvMvb w`‡Z cv‡i| GB m¤ú`mg~‡n ¯’vbxq Askx`vi‡ì AwfMg¨Zv mnRZi Kiv DwPZ|

RvZxq I AvÂwjK kªg evRv‡ii Ae¯’v we‡ePbv K‡i Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z Avw_©K mnvqZvi eë¯’v MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e Ges Ggb †Kv‡bv bwRi ¯’vcb Kiv hv‡e bv hv iÿv Kiv hv‡e bv| Ø›Ø-msNv‡Zi mgq wefw³KiY Gwo‡q Pjvi Rb¨ ivR‰bwZK ch©v‡jvPbvi gva¨‡g m¤ú‡ì e›Ub m¤ú‡K© AewnZ Ki‡Z n‡e| wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x‡ì fvZv I Ab¨vb¨ cvwi‡Zvwl‡Ki Rb¨ GKwU mgwš^Z bxwZ cÖ‡qvRb| †UKmB c`‡ÿ‡c mnvqZv Ki‡Z Riæwi Avw_©K eë¯’v‡K `xN©‡gqv`x eë¯’v (†hgb, GKvwaK `vZv ms¯’v KZ©„K MwVZ Uªv÷ dvÐ, mw¤§wjZfv‡e M‡o IVv Avw_©K Dbœqb †hgb: †hŠ_ Znwej A_ev RvZxq A_©vqb) Gi mv‡_ GKwÎZ Ki‡Z n‡e| †emiKvwi Lv‡Zi Znwej Drm Luy‡R †ei Ki‡Z n‡e, we‡kl K‡i KvwiMix I e„wËg~jK wkÿv I cÖwkÿ‡Yi Rb¨ (AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 8, c„ôv 64; wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 2, c„ôv 94-95; wkÿvbxwZ gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 4, c„ôv 109; wkÿK‡ì fvZv cÖ`vb wel‡q INEE cwiPvjbv wb‡`©wkKv msµvšÍ hveZxq Z_¨ Ges ewnivMZ wkÿv A_©vqb- INEE Ref-

erence guide, INEE Toolkit G cvIqv hv‡e| G wel‡q we¯ÍvwiZ Rvb‡Z †`Lyb: www.ineesite.org/toolkit; GQvov Gme wel‡q AviI Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb SEEP

Network Minimum Standard for Economy Recovery after Crisis, Financial Services Statndard : 5 Coordination and Transperency)|

3. Z_¨ I Ávb eë¯’vcbv: Z_¨ I Ávb eë¯’vcbv wb‡gœv³ welqvejx AšÍfy©³ K‡i:

Pvwn`v wbiƒcY, mÿgZv Ges cÖPvi;Z_¨ msiÿY, ch©v‡jvPbv Ges Z‡_ï Av`vb-cÖ`vb;cwiexÿY Ges g~j¨vqb;fwel¨‡Z Abykxj‡bi Rb¨ `„óvšÍ;

RvZxq c×wZ‡K AbyKiY bv K‡i Kvh©Ki Z_¨ I Ávb eë¯’vcbv c×wZ M‡o †Zvjv I Zv DbœZ Kiv| wkï myiÿv, cvwb I cqtwb®‹vkb, g‡bvmvgvwRK mnvqZv, Avkªq,

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wkÿv KZ…©cÿ hviv wkÿv AwaKvi c~i‡Yi Rb¨ `vwqZcÖvß, Zviv wkÿv Kv‡R mswkøó Ab¨vb¨ †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì mgš^q †KŠk‡j AskMÖnY Ges Avnevb Kivmn wkÿv‡ÿ‡Î †bZ…¯’vbxq f‚wgKv cvjb K‡i (wb‡`©wkKv 1 †`Lyb)|

AvšÍtms¯’v mgš^q KwgwU wbiƒcY, cwiKíbv, Z_¨ eë¯’vcbv, m¤ú` GKÎxKiY, mÿgZv e„w× Ges GW‡fv‡Kmxi g‡a¨ mgš^q mvab K‡i (wb‡`©wkKv 1 †`Lyb)|

wkÿvi cwimi I wkÿvi aib mgš^q Kvh©µ‡g we‡ewPZ nq (wb‡`©wkKv 1 †`Lyb)|

wkÿv Kvh©µg‡K mnvqZv Ki‡Z wkÿv wefvM, `vZv, RvwZmsN, †emiKvwi Dbœqb ms¯’v, ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôx I Ab¨vb¨ †÷K‡nvìviiv mg‡qvc‡hvMx, ¯^”Q, b¨vqm½Z Ges mgwš^Z A_©vqb KvVv‡gv eënvi K‡i (wb‡`©wkKv 2 †`Lyb)|

mgš^q KwgwU I mgš^q `‡ji g‡a¨ mvov`vb cwiKíbv I mgš^‡qi Z_¨vw` Av`vb cÖ`v‡bi ¯^”Q †KŠkj we`¨gvb (wb‡`©wkKv 3-4 †`Lyb)|

wkÿv mvov`v‡b mÿgZv I NvUwZ wPwýZKi‡Y †hŠ_ wbiƒcY cwiPvwjZ nq (wb‡`©wkKv 4 †`Lyb)|

djvdj AR©‡b mKj mswkøó cÿ (†÷K‡nvìviiv) mgZv, ¯^”QZv, `vwqZ¡kxjZv Ges Revew`wnZvi bxwZ‡Z HKë× (wb‡`©wkKv 5-6 †`Lyb)|

wb‡`©wkKv1. AvštÍ -ms¯v’ mgšq KwgwU: wkÿv mvov`vb‡K mgwšZ K‡i GKwU AvštÍ ms¯v’ mgšq

KwgwU, mvov`vb Kvhµ© ‡g G‡ì we¯iÍ cwÖ ZwbwaZ¡ _vK‡Z n‡e| RvZxq wkÿv wefvM‡K wkÿv msµvšÍ e¨vcv‡i †bZZ… ¡ cÖ vb Ki‡Z n‡e, wKš‘ ¯v’ bxq ms¯v’ I `‡jiI h_vh_ cwÖ ZwbwaZ¡ _vK‡Z n‡e| †hLv‡b wkÿv KZc„© ‡ÿi mÿgZv A_ev êaZvi Afve i‡q‡Q †mLv‡b GB `vwqZ¡ Ab¨vb¨ ms¯v’ i Kv‡Q Pwz ³i gva¨‡g n¯vÍ šwÍ iZ n‡Z cv‡i| we`¨gvb wkÿv mgšq `j/MæÖ c GB `vwqZ¡ MnÖ Y Ki‡e A_ev, hw` IASC’s Kv¬ óvi eë¯v’ mwµq _v‡K Z‡e wkÿv Kv¬ óvi cwÖ Zôv Ki‡Z n‡e| hwÌ, mswkóø wkÿv KZc©… ‡ÿi GKRb cwÖ Zwbwa‡K wm×všÍ MnÖ Y cwÖ µqvi mv‡_ me mgq m¤ú³„ _vK‡Z n‡e| msK‡Ui cKÖ w… Zi Ici Zv wbfi© K‡i RvZxq ev ¯v’ bxq chv© ‡q mgšq `‡ji c‡Ö qvRb n‡Z cv‡i| ÒTerms of Reference” G KwgwUi `vwqZ¡ I fw‚ gKv wjwce× _vK‡e (wkÿvbxwZ gvb 2, wb‡`w© kKv 3-4, cô„ v 108-109 †`Lby )|

·

·

·

·

·

·

·

mgš^q gvb 1: mgš^qwkÿvi Rb¨ mgš^q Kjv‡KŠkj h_vh_ ch©v‡q Av‡Q Ges gvbm¤§Z wkÿv Pvwj‡q †h‡Z I AwfMg¨Zv wbwðZ Kivi j‡ÿ¨ mswkøó cÿ‡K (†÷K‡nvìvi‡ì) Kv‡R mnvqZv Kiv|

33

cÖv_wgK ˆkke Dbœqb, cÖv_wgK, gva¨wgK, DcvbyôvwbK, KvwiMix, e„wËg~jK, D”PZi Ges cÖvß eq¯‹ wkÿvmn mKj cÖKvi wkÿv‡K mgš^q Kvh©µ‡gi AvIZvq we‡ePbv Ki‡Z n‡e|

2. m¤ú` GKÎxKiY: Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ †_‡K c~e©ve¯’vq wd‡i bv Avmv ch©šÍ ¸YMZ wkÿv Kg©m~wP‡K mdj I mgqg‡Zv ev¯Íevqb Ki‡Z ch©vß Znwej cÖ‡qvRb| mvwe©KxKiY wbwðZ Ki‡Z h_vmva¨ †Póv Pvjv‡Z n‡e, UN Flash Appeals Ges Consolidated Appeals Gi gva¨‡g A_©vq‡bi mgq ¯^”Q I mgwš^Z `„wófw½ _vK‡Z n‡e| Zxeª msKUgq cwiw¯’wZ‡Z UN Central Emergency Reponse

Fund Ges Ab¨vb¨ Riæwi Znwej wkÿvi Rb¨ Znwe‡ji †hvMvb w`‡Z cv‡i| GB m¤ú`mg~‡n ¯’vbxq Askx`vi‡ì AwfMg¨Zv mnRZi Kiv DwPZ|

RvZxq I AvÂwjK kªg evRv‡ii Ae¯’v we‡ePbv K‡i Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z Avw_©K mnvqZvi eë¯’v MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e Ges Ggb †Kv‡bv bwRi ¯’vcb Kiv hv‡e bv hv iÿv Kiv hv‡e bv| Ø›Ø-msNv‡Zi mgq wefw³KiY Gwo‡q Pjvi Rb¨ ivR‰bwZK ch©v‡jvPbvi gva¨‡g m¤ú‡ì e›Ub m¤ú‡K© AewnZ Ki‡Z n‡e| wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x‡ì fvZv I Ab¨vb¨ cvwi‡Zvwl‡Ki Rb¨ GKwU mgwš^Z bxwZ cÖ‡qvRb| †UKmB c`‡ÿ‡c mnvqZv Ki‡Z Riæwi Avw_©K eë¯’v‡K `xN©‡gqv`x eë¯’v (†hgb, GKvwaK `vZv ms¯’v KZ©„K MwVZ Uªv÷ dvÐ, mw¤§wjZfv‡e M‡o IVv Avw_©K Dbœqb †hgb: †hŠ_ Znwej A_ev RvZxq A_©vqb) Gi mv‡_ GKwÎZ Ki‡Z n‡e| †emiKvwi Lv‡Zi Znwej Drm Luy‡R †ei Ki‡Z n‡e, we‡kl K‡i KvwiMix I e„wËg~jK wkÿv I cÖwkÿ‡Yi Rb¨ (AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 8, c„ôv 64; wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 2, c„ôv 94-95; wkÿvbxwZ gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 4, c„ôv 109; wkÿK‡ì fvZv cÖ`vb wel‡q INEE cwiPvjbv wb‡`©wkKv msµvšÍ hveZxq Z_¨ Ges ewnivMZ wkÿv A_©vqb- INEE Ref-

erence guide, INEE Toolkit G cvIqv hv‡e| G wel‡q we¯ÍvwiZ Rvb‡Z †`Lyb: www.ineesite.org/toolkit; GQvov Gme wel‡q AviI Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb SEEP

Network Minimum Standard for Economy Recovery after Crisis, Financial Services Statndard : 5 Coordination and Transperency)|

3. Z_¨ I Ávb eë¯’vcbv: Z_¨ I Ávb eë¯’vcbv wb‡gœv³ welqvejx AšÍfy©³ K‡i:

Pvwn`v wbiƒcY, mÿgZv Ges cÖPvi;Z_¨ msiÿY, ch©v‡jvPbv Ges Z‡_ï Av`vb-cÖ`vb;cwiexÿY Ges g~j¨vqb;fwel¨‡Z Abykxj‡bi Rb¨ `„óvšÍ;

RvZxq c×wZ‡K AbyKiY bv K‡i Kvh©Ki Z_¨ I Ávb eë¯’vcbv c×wZ M‡o †Zvjv I Zv DbœZ Kiv| wkï myiÿv, cvwb I cqtwb®‹vkb, g‡bvmvgvwRK mnvqZv, Avkªq,

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¯^v¯’¨ I `ªæZ c~e© Ae¯’vq wd‡i Avmv Kvh©µ‡gi mv‡_ RwoZ ¯’vbxq I RvZxq ch©v‡qi Askx`vi‡ì G Kv‡R m¤ú„³ Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| Z_¨ I Ávb eë¯’vcbv c×wZi bKkv RvZxq I ¯’vbxq KZ©„c‡ÿi gva¨‡g cÖYqb n‡e Ges Z_¨ I Ávb eë¯’vcbv c×wZ‡Z Zv‡ì `xN©‡gqvw` gvwjKvbv ¯^Ë¡ _vK‡e (ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 6, c„ôv 41; ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 6, c„ôv 45; ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 3, wb‡`©wkKv 3, c„ôv 49; wkÿvbxwZ gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 5, c„ôv 106 Ges SEEP

Network Minimum Standardss for Economic Recovery After Crisis, Common Standards: 'Coordinate Efforts for Greater Impact †`Lyb)|

4. †hŠ_ wbiƒcY: wkÿv mvov`vb Kvh©µ‡gi NvUwZ Ges mÿgZv wPwýZ Ki‡Z †hŠ_ wbiƒcY eënvi Ki‡Z n‡e Ges cwiw¯’wZi mv‡_ m½wZ †i‡L Global Education

Cluster’s Joint Education Needs Assessment Toolkit Ges Ab¨vb¨ c×wZ hv Av‡MB m¤§wZ †c‡q‡Q Zv eënvi Ki‡Z n‡e| cÖ¯‘wZ I Avc`Kvjxb cwiKíbv Kvh©µ‡gi cÖwkÿ‡Y G mg¯Í c×wZ eënvi Ki‡Z n‡e| hw` †Kv‡bv †÷K‡nvìvi GKKfv‡e wkÿv wbiƒcY cwiPvjbv K‡i Z‡e Zvi cÖvß Z_¨ I DcvËmg~n wkÿv KZ©„cÿ I mgš^q `‡ji mevB‡K mgwš^Zfv‡e mvov`v‡b mnvqZv Kivi Rb¨ Rvbv‡bv DwPZ| wKQz †`‡k Riæwi Ae¯’vi 48 N›Uvi g‡a¨ wkÿv wel‡q cÖkœ ˆZwi K‡i eûgvwÎK wbiƒcY `ªæZZvi mv‡_ Kiv nq| GUv hw` Kiv nq Z‡e wewfbœ LvZ †hgb-¯^v¯’¨, cvwb I cqtwb®‹vkb Ges Avkªq Gi g‡a¨ mgš^q cÖ‡qvRb (ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 1-8, c„ôv 37-42 †`Lyb)

5. Revew`wnZv: hwÌ cÖ‡Z¨K †÷K‡nvìv‡ii wbR¯^ wKQz evaëvaKZv _v‡K, Z_vwc mevB‡K Z_¨ Av`vb cÖ`vb I mgš^‡qi Revew`wnZvi †ÿ‡Î GKgZ n‡Z n‡e| Gi A_© Z_¨ msMÖ‡ni e¨vcv‡i ¯^”QZv _vKv Ges Kg© cwiKíbvq GUv‡K eënvi Kiv| wkÿv mvov`v‡bi †ÿ‡Î †hLv‡b eo ai‡bi NvUwZ i‡q‡Q †mLv‡b IASC Educa-

tion Cluster A_ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv mgš^q †KŠkj wbðqZv cÖ`v‡b `vwqZ¡cÖvß mswkøó cÿ (†÷K‡nvìviiv) AMÖvwaKviwfwËK Pvwn`v¸‡jv c~i‡Y NvUwZ¸‡jv Zz‡j a‡i| mgwš^Z cwiexÿY I g~j¨vqb wkÿv Kvh©µg djvdj wel‡q †Lvjv-†gjv Av‡jvPbvi gva¨‡g ÿwZMÖ¯Í gvby‡li cÖwZ Revew`wnZv‡K mnRZi Ki‡Z cv‡i| GwU INEE b~¨bZg gv‡bi eënvi Ges gvbweKZvi bxwZi †Kvb †Kvb w`K wb‡q †ewk KvR Kiv ìKvi †m wel‡q mnvqZv Ki‡Z cv‡i| ÿwZMÖ¯Í Rb‡Mvôxi wkÿvi AwaKvi c~i‡Yi j‡ÿ¨ RvZxq gvbevwaKvi ms¯’vmg~n RvZxq KZ©„c‡ÿi AvBbMZ evaëvaKZv¸‡jv cwiPvjbv I cwiexÿY Ki‡e (wkÿvbxwZ gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 5, c„ôv 109 †`Lyb)|

6. djvdj-wfwËK Kg©‡KŠkj: djvdjwfwËK Kg©‡KŠk‡j mKj †÷K‡nvìviiv GB wbðqZv cÖ`v‡b KvR K‡i †h, wkÿv mvov`vb Kvh©µg mgwš^Z Ges Kvw•LZ djvdj

35

AR©b K‡i‡Q| wkÿv mvov`vb mgš^‡q avivevwnK cwiexÿY I g~j¨vqb mgš^‡qi NvUwZ¸‡jv `ªæZ wPwýZ K‡i Zvi mgvavb K‡i (ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 3-4, c„ôv 47-51 †`Lyb)|


¯^v¯’¨ I `ªæZ c~e© Ae¯’vq wd‡i Avmv Kvh©µ‡gi mv‡_ RwoZ ¯’vbxq I RvZxq ch©v‡qi Askx`vi‡ì G Kv‡R m¤ú„³ Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| Z_¨ I Ávb eë¯’vcbv c×wZi bKkv RvZxq I ¯’vbxq KZ©„c‡ÿi gva¨‡g cÖYqb n‡e Ges Z_¨ I Ávb eë¯’vcbv c×wZ‡Z Zv‡ì `xN©‡gqvw` gvwjKvbv ¯^Ë¡ _vK‡e (ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 6, c„ôv 41; ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 6, c„ôv 45; ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 3, wb‡`©wkKv 3, c„ôv 49; wkÿvbxwZ gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 5, c„ôv 106 Ges SEEP

Network Minimum Standardss for Economic Recovery After Crisis, Common Standards: 'Coordinate Efforts for Greater Impact †`Lyb)|

4. †hŠ_ wbiƒcY: wkÿv mvov`vb Kvh©µ‡gi NvUwZ Ges mÿgZv wPwýZ Ki‡Z †hŠ_ wbiƒcY eënvi Ki‡Z n‡e Ges cwiw¯’wZi mv‡_ m½wZ †i‡L Global Education

Cluster’s Joint Education Needs Assessment Toolkit Ges Ab¨vb¨ c×wZ hv Av‡MB m¤§wZ †c‡q‡Q Zv eënvi Ki‡Z n‡e| cÖ¯‘wZ I Avc`Kvjxb cwiKíbv Kvh©µ‡gi cÖwkÿ‡Y G mg¯Í c×wZ eënvi Ki‡Z n‡e| hw` †Kv‡bv †÷K‡nvìvi GKKfv‡e wkÿv wbiƒcY cwiPvjbv K‡i Z‡e Zvi cÖvß Z_¨ I DcvËmg~n wkÿv KZ©„cÿ I mgš^q `‡ji mevB‡K mgwš^Zfv‡e mvov`v‡b mnvqZv Kivi Rb¨ Rvbv‡bv DwPZ| wKQz †`‡k Riæwi Ae¯’vi 48 N›Uvi g‡a¨ wkÿv wel‡q cÖkœ ˆZwi K‡i eûgvwÎK wbiƒcY `ªæZZvi mv‡_ Kiv nq| GUv hw` Kiv nq Z‡e wewfbœ LvZ †hgb-¯^v¯’¨, cvwb I cqtwb®‹vkb Ges Avkªq Gi g‡a¨ mgš^q cÖ‡qvRb (ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 1-8, c„ôv 37-42 †`Lyb)

5. Revew`wnZv: hwÌ cÖ‡Z¨K †÷K‡nvìv‡ii wbR¯^ wKQz evaëvaKZv _v‡K, Z_vwc mevB‡K Z_¨ Av`vb cÖ`vb I mgš^‡qi Revew`wnZvi †ÿ‡Î GKgZ n‡Z n‡e| Gi A_© Z_¨ msMÖ‡ni e¨vcv‡i ¯^”QZv _vKv Ges Kg© cwiKíbvq GUv‡K eënvi Kiv| wkÿv mvov`v‡bi †ÿ‡Î †hLv‡b eo ai‡bi NvUwZ i‡q‡Q †mLv‡b IASC Educa-

tion Cluster A_ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv mgš^q †KŠkj wbðqZv cÖ`v‡b `vwqZ¡cÖvß mswkøó cÿ (†÷K‡nvìviiv) AMÖvwaKviwfwËK Pvwn`v¸‡jv c~i‡Y NvUwZ¸‡jv Zz‡j a‡i| mgwš^Z cwiexÿY I g~j¨vqb wkÿv Kvh©µg djvdj wel‡q †Lvjv-†gjv Av‡jvPbvi gva¨‡g ÿwZMÖ¯Í gvby‡li cÖwZ Revew`wnZv‡K mnRZi Ki‡Z cv‡i| GwU INEE b~¨bZg gv‡bi eënvi Ges gvbweKZvi bxwZi †Kvb †Kvb w`K wb‡q †ewk KvR Kiv ìKvi †m wel‡q mnvqZv Ki‡Z cv‡i| ÿwZMÖ¯Í Rb‡Mvôxi wkÿvi AwaKvi c~i‡Yi j‡ÿ¨ RvZxq gvbevwaKvi ms¯’vmg~n RvZxq KZ©„c‡ÿi AvBbMZ evaëvaKZv¸‡jv cwiPvjbv I cwiexÿY Ki‡e (wkÿvbxwZ gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 5, c„ôv 109 †`Lyb)|

6. djvdj-wfwËK Kg©‡KŠkj: djvdjwfwËK Kg©‡KŠk‡j mKj †÷K‡nvìviiv GB wbðqZv cÖ`v‡b KvR K‡i †h, wkÿv mvov`vb Kvh©µg mgwš^Z Ges Kvw•LZ djvdj

35

AR©b K‡i‡Q| wkÿv mvov`vb mgš^‡q avivevwnK cwiexÿY I g~j¨vqb mgš^‡qi NvUwZ¸‡jv `ªæZ wPwýZ K‡i Zvi mgvavb K‡i (ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 3-4, c„ôv 47-51 †`Lyb)|



myiÿv I wbivcËvi welq‡K we‡ePbvq †i‡L hZ ZvovZvwo m¤¢e GKwU cÖv_wgK wkLb wbiƒcb cwiPvjbv Kiv (wb‡`©wkKv 1 †`Lyb)|

wbiƒcY wewÿß DcvË msMÖn K‡i hv wkÿvi cÖvmw½KZv I D‡Ïk¨ m¤ú‡K© ¯’vbxq‡ì Dcjw×, wkÿv my‡hv‡M evav, wkÿvi Pvwn`v I Kvh©µg‡K AMÖvwaKvi †`q (wb‡`©wkKv 2 †`Lyb)|

Riæwi cwiw¯’wZi Av‡M I `y‡h©vMKvjxb mg‡q wkLb I wkÿvi Rb¨ ¯’vbxq mÿgZv, m¤ú` I †KŠkjmg~n wPwýZ Kiv (wb‡`©wkKv 2-5 †`Lyb)|

SzuwK I Ø›Ø-msNvZgq cwi‡e‡k wkÿv mvov`vb Kvh©µg h_v_©, cÖvmw½K, ms‡e`bkxj wKbv Zv wbwðZ Ki‡Z †cÖÿvcU ch©v‡jvPbv Kiv (wb‡`©wkKv 3 †`Lyb)|

DcvË msMª‡ni cwiKíbv I ev¯Íevq‡b ÿwZMÖ¯Í Rb‡Mvôxi cÖwZwbwa‡ì AskMÖnY Kiv (wb‡`©wkKv 2-3, 5 I 7-8 †`Lyb)|

cÖavb/gyL¨ †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì AskMÖn‡Yi gva¨‡g wkÿvi wewfbœ aib I ¯Í‡ii Rb¨ wkÿv Pvwn`v I m¤ú‡ì mgw¤^Z wbiƒcY Kiv (wb‡`©wkKv 2-7 †`Lyb)|

GB cÖ‡Póv †hb GKB iKg bv nq †mRb¨ GKwU AvšÍtms¯’v mgš^q KwgwU wewfbœ †m±i I mswkøó c‡ÿi (†÷K‡nvìvi‡ì) mv‡_ wbiƒcY cwiPvjbv Ki‡e (wb‡`©wkKv 6 I 8 †`Lyb)|

wb‡`©wkKv1. cÖv_wgK wbiƒc‡Yi mgq: cÖv_wgK wbiƒc‡Yi mgq wbiƒcYKvix `j I ÿwZMÖ¯Í

Rb‡Mvôxi myiÿv I wbivcËvi welqwU we‡ePbvq Avb‡Z n‡e| Riæwi cwiw¯’wZi ciciB hZ ZvovZvwo m¤¢e wbiƒcY Ki‡Z n‡e Ges hw` m¤¢e nq, ÿwZMÖ¯Í mKj ¯’v‡bi mKj ai‡bi wkÿv wbiƒcY Kiv DwPZ| cÖv_wgK wbiƒcY AbymiY K‡i cwiexÿY I g~j¨vq‡bi gva¨‡g DcvË¡mg~n wbqwgZ nvjbvMv` Ki‡Z n‡e| Kg©m~wPi AR©b, mxgve×Zv I Ac~iYxq Pvwn`vi ch©v‡jvPbvI Gi g‡a¨ AšÍfz©³ n‡e| hLb ZvrÿwYKfv‡e mvwe©K wbiƒcY cwiPvjbv Kiv m¤¢e bv nq, Z‡e AvswkK cÖv_wgK wbiƒcY Z_¨ msMÖn K‡i ZvrÿwYK eë¯’v MÖnY Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|

2. wbiƒcY: wkÿv mvov`vb Kvh©µg m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z wbiƒc‡Yi gva¨‡g wewÿß DcvË msMÖn Ki‡Z n‡e Ges `y‡h©vM I Ø›Ø-msNv‡Zi avivevwnK SuywK wbiƒcY Ki‡Z n‡e|

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ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 1:wbiƒcY

Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z ^”Q, mvwe©K Ges AskMÖnYg~jK cÖwµqvq mg‡qvc‡hvMx wkLb wbiƒcY cwiPvwjZ n‡e|

37

ÔwewÿßÕ gv‡b Z_¨¸‡jv Gi g~j welq †_‡K Avjv`v Ges G‡ÿ‡Î eqm I wj‡½i wfwË‡Z Zv ch©v‡jvPbv Ki‡Z n‡e| mKj ÿwZMÖ¯Í Rb‡Mvôxi wkÿvi AwaKvi envj ivL‡Z ÔDcvËÕ wkÿvi mÿgZv, m¤ú`, wec`vcbœZv, NvUwZ Ges P¨v‡jÄ wPwýZ K‡i| ÿwZMÖ¯Í Rb‡Mvôx ev Bmy¨mg~‡ni AwZwi³ wbiƒcY Ges m¤ú‡ì A`ÿ eënvi cwinvi Ki‡Z wkÿv I Ab¨vb¨ Riæwi mvov`vbKvix wbiƒcY I gvV cwi`k©‡bi mgq mg¤^q ivL‡Z n‡e (KwgDwbwUi AskMÖnY gvb 2, c„ôv 30-32 Ges mgš^q gvb 1, c„ôv 33-36 †`Lyb)|

we`¨gvb Z_¨ Dr‡mi m‡e©v”P eënvi K‡iB wbiƒcY Kiv DwPZ| Áv‡bi †ÿ‡Î †h NvUwZ i‡q‡Q Zv c~iY Ki‡Z wkÿv Ges mswkøó cÿ‡K (†÷K‡nvìvi‡ì) RwUj wm×všÍ Rvbv‡Z cÖv_wgK DcvË msMÖn mxwgZ n‡Z n‡e| †hLv‡b cÖ‡ek wbqwš¿Z, †mLv‡b Z_¨ msMÖ‡n weKí †KŠkj Aej¤^b Ki‡Z n‡Z cv‡i| Gi g‡a¨ ¯’vbxq †bZ…e„›` Ges Rb‡Mvôxi mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM, msKU c~e© Z_¨ ev Ab¨vb¨ LvZ †_‡K gva¨wgK DcvË msMÖn BZ¨vw` c×wZ Aej¤^b Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| Riæwi cwiw¯’wZi mv‡_ Zzjbv Kivi Rb¨ msKU c~e© DcvË GKwU gvb`Ð wnmv‡e KvR Ki‡e|

cÖKí¸‡jvi g‡a¨ mg¤^q Ki‡Z Ges Z_¨ mieivnKvix‡ì Pvwn`v Kwg‡q Avb‡Z Z_¨ msMÖn cÖwµqv †`kxq gvb Abyhvqx n‡Z n‡e| †hLv‡b m¤¢e, Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z cwiKíbvi cÖ¯‘wZi Ask wnmv‡e wbiƒcY Uzjm& ˆZwi Ki‡Z n‡e Ges mKj †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì m¤§wZ‡K AMÖvwaKvi w`‡Z n‡e| ¯’vbxq DËi`vZv‡ì Kv‡Q ¸iæZ¡c~Y© g‡b nq Ggb AwZwi³ Z_¨ msMÖ‡ni Rb¨ GB Uzjm&-G RvqMv ivL‡Z n‡e|

wbiƒcY `j ÿwZMÖ¯Í Rb‡Mvôx‡K wbiƒc‡Y AšÍf©y³ Ki‡e| bvix I cyiæl wkÿv_©x, wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x, gvZv-wcZv Ges AwffveK‡ì AwfÁZv, Pvwn`v, D‡ØM I mÿgZv‡K AviI Kvh©Kix Kivi Rb¨ wj½ mgZv eRvq ivL‡Z n‡e| h_vh_ KZ©„c‡ÿi mv‡_ G e¨vcv‡i civgk© Ki‡Z n‡e|

kª×v‡ev‡ai g~jbxwZ I êlg¨nxbZvmn RvwZMZ we‡ePbv wbiƒcY‡K gReyZ K‡i| ms‡e`bkxj Z_¨ ev Z_¨ msMÖ‡n AskMÖnY Kivi Rb¨ gvbyl SuywKi g‡a¨ c‡o †h‡Z cv‡i (wb‡Pi wb‡`©wkKv 5 †`Lyb)| Z_¨ msMÖnKvix‡ì `vwqZ¡ _vK‡e GKv‡R AskMÖnYKvix‡ì‡K iÿv Kiv Ges Zv‡ì‡K Aek¨B wb‡gœv³ welqmg~n Rvbv‡e:

Z_¨ msMÖ‡ni D‡Ïk¨;Z_¨ msMÖn cÖwµqvq AskMÖnY bv Kivi AwaKvi A_ev †bwZevPK cÖfve Qvov †h‡Kv‡bv mgq cÖZ¨vnvi Kivi AwaKvi;†MvcbxqZv Ges bvg D‡jøL bv Kivi AwaKvi (ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 4, wb‡`©wkKv 2, c„ôv 50 †`Lyb)|

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myiÿv I wbivcËvi welq‡K we‡ePbvq †i‡L hZ ZvovZvwo m¤¢e GKwU cÖv_wgK wkLb wbiƒcb cwiPvjbv Kiv (wb‡`©wkKv 1 †`Lyb)|

wbiƒcY wewÿß DcvË msMÖn K‡i hv wkÿvi cÖvmw½KZv I D‡Ïk¨ m¤ú‡K© ¯’vbxq‡ì Dcjw×, wkÿv my‡hv‡M evav, wkÿvi Pvwn`v I Kvh©µg‡K AMÖvwaKvi †`q (wb‡`©wkKv 2 †`Lyb)|

Riæwi cwiw¯’wZi Av‡M I `y‡h©vMKvjxb mg‡q wkLb I wkÿvi Rb¨ ¯’vbxq mÿgZv, m¤ú` I †KŠkjmg~n wPwýZ Kiv (wb‡`©wkKv 2-5 †`Lyb)|

SzuwK I Ø›Ø-msNvZgq cwi‡e‡k wkÿv mvov`vb Kvh©µg h_v_©, cÖvmw½K, ms‡e`bkxj wKbv Zv wbwðZ Ki‡Z †cÖÿvcU ch©v‡jvPbv Kiv (wb‡`©wkKv 3 †`Lyb)|

DcvË msMª‡ni cwiKíbv I ev¯Íevq‡b ÿwZMÖ¯Í Rb‡Mvôxi cÖwZwbwa‡ì AskMÖnY Kiv (wb‡`©wkKv 2-3, 5 I 7-8 †`Lyb)|

cÖavb/gyL¨ †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì AskMÖn‡Yi gva¨‡g wkÿvi wewfbœ aib I ¯Í‡ii Rb¨ wkÿv Pvwn`v I m¤ú‡ì mgw¤^Z wbiƒcY Kiv (wb‡`©wkKv 2-7 †`Lyb)|

GB cÖ‡Póv †hb GKB iKg bv nq †mRb¨ GKwU AvšÍtms¯’v mgš^q KwgwU wewfbœ †m±i I mswkøó c‡ÿi (†÷K‡nvìvi‡ì) mv‡_ wbiƒcY cwiPvjbv Ki‡e (wb‡`©wkKv 6 I 8 †`Lyb)|

wb‡`©wkKv1. cÖv_wgK wbiƒc‡Yi mgq: cÖv_wgK wbiƒc‡Yi mgq wbiƒcYKvix `j I ÿwZMÖ¯Í

Rb‡Mvôxi myiÿv I wbivcËvi welqwU we‡ePbvq Avb‡Z n‡e| Riæwi cwiw¯’wZi ciciB hZ ZvovZvwo m¤¢e wbiƒcY Ki‡Z n‡e Ges hw` m¤¢e nq, ÿwZMÖ¯Í mKj ¯’v‡bi mKj ai‡bi wkÿv wbiƒcY Kiv DwPZ| cÖv_wgK wbiƒcY AbymiY K‡i cwiexÿY I g~j¨vq‡bi gva¨‡g DcvË¡mg~n wbqwgZ nvjbvMv` Ki‡Z n‡e| Kg©m~wPi AR©b, mxgve×Zv I Ac~iYxq Pvwn`vi ch©v‡jvPbvI Gi g‡a¨ AšÍfz©³ n‡e| hLb ZvrÿwYKfv‡e mvwe©K wbiƒcY cwiPvjbv Kiv m¤¢e bv nq, Z‡e AvswkK cÖv_wgK wbiƒcY Z_¨ msMÖn K‡i ZvrÿwYK eë¯’v MÖnY Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|

2. wbiƒcY: wkÿv mvov`vb Kvh©µg m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z wbiƒc‡Yi gva¨‡g wewÿß DcvË msMÖn Ki‡Z n‡e Ges `y‡h©vM I Ø›Ø-msNv‡Zi avivevwnK SuywK wbiƒcY Ki‡Z n‡e|

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ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 1:wbiƒcY

Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z ^”Q, mvwe©K Ges AskMÖnYg~jK cÖwµqvq mg‡qvc‡hvMx wkLb wbiƒcY cwiPvwjZ n‡e|

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ÔwewÿßÕ gv‡b Z_¨¸‡jv Gi g~j welq †_‡K Avjv`v Ges G‡ÿ‡Î eqm I wj‡½i wfwË‡Z Zv ch©v‡jvPbv Ki‡Z n‡e| mKj ÿwZMÖ¯Í Rb‡Mvôxi wkÿvi AwaKvi envj ivL‡Z ÔDcvËÕ wkÿvi mÿgZv, m¤ú`, wec`vcbœZv, NvUwZ Ges P¨v‡jÄ wPwýZ K‡i| ÿwZMÖ¯Í Rb‡Mvôx ev Bmy¨mg~‡ni AwZwi³ wbiƒcY Ges m¤ú‡ì A`ÿ eënvi cwinvi Ki‡Z wkÿv I Ab¨vb¨ Riæwi mvov`vbKvix wbiƒcY I gvV cwi`k©‡bi mgq mg¤^q ivL‡Z n‡e (KwgDwbwUi AskMÖnY gvb 2, c„ôv 30-32 Ges mgš^q gvb 1, c„ôv 33-36 †`Lyb)|

we`¨gvb Z_¨ Dr‡mi m‡e©v”P eënvi K‡iB wbiƒcY Kiv DwPZ| Áv‡bi †ÿ‡Î †h NvUwZ i‡q‡Q Zv c~iY Ki‡Z wkÿv Ges mswkøó cÿ‡K (†÷K‡nvìvi‡ì) RwUj wm×všÍ Rvbv‡Z cÖv_wgK DcvË msMÖn mxwgZ n‡Z n‡e| †hLv‡b cÖ‡ek wbqwš¿Z, †mLv‡b Z_¨ msMÖ‡n weKí †KŠkj Aej¤^b Ki‡Z n‡Z cv‡i| Gi g‡a¨ ¯’vbxq †bZ…e„›` Ges Rb‡Mvôxi mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM, msKU c~e© Z_¨ ev Ab¨vb¨ LvZ †_‡K gva¨wgK DcvË msMÖn BZ¨vw` c×wZ Aej¤^b Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| Riæwi cwiw¯’wZi mv‡_ Zzjbv Kivi Rb¨ msKU c~e© DcvË GKwU gvb`Ð wnmv‡e KvR Ki‡e|

cÖKí¸‡jvi g‡a¨ mg¤^q Ki‡Z Ges Z_¨ mieivnKvix‡ì Pvwn`v Kwg‡q Avb‡Z Z_¨ msMÖn cÖwµqv †`kxq gvb Abyhvqx n‡Z n‡e| †hLv‡b m¤¢e, Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z cwiKíbvi cÖ¯‘wZi Ask wnmv‡e wbiƒcY Uzjm& ˆZwi Ki‡Z n‡e Ges mKj †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì m¤§wZ‡K AMÖvwaKvi w`‡Z n‡e| ¯’vbxq DËi`vZv‡ì Kv‡Q ¸iæZ¡c~Y© g‡b nq Ggb AwZwi³ Z_¨ msMÖ‡ni Rb¨ GB Uzjm&-G RvqMv ivL‡Z n‡e|

wbiƒcY `j ÿwZMÖ¯Í Rb‡Mvôx‡K wbiƒc‡Y AšÍf©y³ Ki‡e| bvix I cyiæl wkÿv_©x, wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x, gvZv-wcZv Ges AwffveK‡ì AwfÁZv, Pvwn`v, D‡ØM I mÿgZv‡K AviI Kvh©Kix Kivi Rb¨ wj½ mgZv eRvq ivL‡Z n‡e| h_vh_ KZ©„c‡ÿi mv‡_ G e¨vcv‡i civgk© Ki‡Z n‡e|

kª×v‡ev‡ai g~jbxwZ I êlg¨nxbZvmn RvwZMZ we‡ePbv wbiƒcY‡K gReyZ K‡i| ms‡e`bkxj Z_¨ ev Z_¨ msMÖ‡n AskMÖnY Kivi Rb¨ gvbyl SuywKi g‡a¨ c‡o †h‡Z cv‡i (wb‡Pi wb‡`©wkKv 5 †`Lyb)| Z_¨ msMÖnKvix‡ì `vwqZ¡ _vK‡e GKv‡R AskMÖnYKvix‡ì‡K iÿv Kiv Ges Zv‡ì‡K Aek¨B wb‡gœv³ welqmg~n Rvbv‡e:

Z_¨ msMÖ‡ni D‡Ïk¨;Z_¨ msMÖn cÖwµqvq AskMÖnY bv Kivi AwaKvi A_ev †bwZevPK cÖfve Qvov †h‡Kv‡bv mgq cÖZ¨vnvi Kivi AwaKvi;†MvcbxqZv Ges bvg D‡jøL bv Kivi AwaKvi (ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 4, wb‡`©wkKv 2, c„ôv 50 †`Lyb)|

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3. †cÖÿvcU ch©v‡jvPbv: `y‡h©vM SuywK I Ø›Ø-msNvZ ch©v‡jvPbvmn †cÖÿvcU ch©v‡jvPbv Ø›Ø-msNvZ I `y‡h©vMKv‡j wkÿv mvov`vb Kvh©µg h_vh_, ms‡e`bkxj I cÖvmw½K nIqvi wbðqZv cÖ`vb K‡i|

SuywK ch©v‡jvPbvi †ÿ‡Î wkÿv_©x‡ì ¯^v¯’¨, myiÿv I wbivcËv BZ¨vw` mKj †cÖÿvcU we‡ePbvq Avb‡Z n‡e| GwU GB wbðqZv w`‡Z mnvqZv K‡i †h wkÿv GKwU myiwÿZ gvb`Ð| SzuwK ch©v‡jvPbv wkÿv SzuwK¸‡jv wbiƒcY K‡i, GLv‡b AšÍfz©³ n‡Z cv‡i:

wbivcËvnxbZv, `ye©j miKvi eë¯’v Ges `yb©xwZ;Rb¯^v‡¯’ï welqvejx †hgb- msµvgK †iv‡Mi we¯Ívi;wkí msµvšÍ SzuwK †hgb welv³ M¨vm Ges ivmvqwbK c`v‡_©i wbM©gbmn Ab¨vb¨ mvgvwRK, A_©‰bwZK, KvVv‡gvMZ I cwi‡ekMZ welq;†cÖÿvc‡Ui mv‡_ cÖvmw½K wj½, eqm, cÖwZeÜxZv, RvwZMZ cUf~wg Ges Ab¨vb¨ welq msµvšÍ mywbw`ó SzuwK|

AmgZv I Ø›Ø-msNvZ wkÿv Kvh©µg ev¯Íevq‡b e¨vNvZ NUv‡e bv †m wel‡q wbðqZv cÖ`vb Ki‡Z Ø›Ø-msNvZ ch©v‡jvPbvq GmKj wel‡qi Dcw¯’wZ _vK‡e| GwU Ø›Ø-msNvZ Ges `y‡h©vMKvjxb Dfq mgqB cÖ‡qvRb| Ø›Ø-msNvZ ch©v‡jvPbvi †ÿ‡Î wb‡gœv³ welqvejx Rvbv ìKvi:

Ø›Ø-msNv‡Zi mv‡_ †h mKj e¨w³eM© cÖZ¨ÿ ev c‡ivÿfv‡e RwoZ, Ø›Ø-msNv‡Zi Kvi‡Y ÿwZMÖ¯Í n‡Z cv‡i A_ev ÿwZMÖ¯Í nIqvi SuywK‡Z _vK‡Z cv‡i;Ø›Ø-msNv‡Zi g~j ev m¤¢ve¨ KviYmg~n Ges `y`©kv e„w×‡Z †h welq¸‡jv `vqx;Ø›Ø-msNv‡Zi KviYmg~n Ges wkÿv mswkøó †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì g‡a¨ cvi¯úwiK m¤ú©K|

mywbw`©ó †Kv‡bv AÂj ev †`‡ki Ø›Ø-msNvZgq cwiw¯’wZi ch©v‡jvPbv wewfbœ M‡elYv cÖwZôv‡b cvIqv †h‡Z cv‡i| wkÿvi `„wó‡KvY †_‡K G¸‡jv cybwe©‡ePbvi cÖ‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i| hw` we`¨gvb ch©v‡jvPbv ch©vß ev cÖ‡hvR¨ bv nq, Z‡e msNvZ ch©v‡jvPbvi Rb¨ ÿwZMÖ¯Í GjvKvq Kg©kvjv ev †W· ÷vwW Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| wkÿv mswkøó †÷K‡nvìvie„›` wkÿv msµvšÍ mywbw`©ó Z_¨mn Ø›Ø-msNv‡Zi mvwe©K ch©v‡jvPbv Ki‡Z h_vh_ ms¯’vi n‡q cÖPviYv Pvjv‡e Ges mKj AvMÖnx `‡ji mv‡_ cÖvß Z_¨ wb‡q gZwewbgq Ki‡e|

SzuwK ch©v‡jvPbv cÖwZ‡e`b msNvZmn mKj cÖvK…wZK I gvbem„ó Avc‡ì SzuwK eë¯’vcbvi Rb¨ †KŠk‡ji cÖ¯Íve K‡i| †KŠkj¸‡jv n‡Z cv‡i cÖwZ‡iva, Dckg, cÖ¯‘wZ, mvov`vb, cybtwb©gvY Ges cybe©vmb| D`vniY¯îƒc, Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z cÖwZ‡iva, Dckg Ges mvov`v‡b Avc`Kvjxb I myiÿv cwiKíbvi Rb¨ we`¨vjq ev

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wkLb †K›`ª¸‡jvi cÖ‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i| Zviv GKwU SzuwK g¨vcI ˆZwi Ki‡Z cv‡i †hLv‡b m¤¢ve¨ SzuwK Ges ÿwZMÖ¯Í wkÿv_x©‡ì wec`vcbœZv Ges mnbkxjZv‡K cÖvavb¨ w`‡e|

m¤ú` Ges mÿgZvmn KwgDwbwUi mnbkxjZv I ¯’vbxqfv‡e wU‡K _vKvi cÖ‡Póv G¸‡jv wbiƒc‡Yi cwic~iK n‡”Q SuywK ch©v‡jvPbv| Riæwi cwiw¯’wZi c~‡e© I c‡i `y‡h©vM wbimb, cÖ¯‘wZ Ges ¯^vfvweK Ae¯’vq wd‡i Avmvi Rb¨ Ávb, `ÿZv I mÿgZv‡K wbiƒcY Ges kw³kvjx Kiv, hw` m¤¢e nq cÖ¯‘wZ I wbimb Kvh©µ‡gi gva¨‡g Zv Kiv (KwgDwbwU AskMÖnY gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 1-4, c„ôv 24-26; KwgDwbwU AskMÖnY gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 5, c„ôv 32; AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 11, c„ôv 65; wkÿY I wkLb gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 6, c„ôv 83; wkÿvbxwZ gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 2 I 4, c„ôv 104 I 105; Ges wkÿvbxwZ gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 3 I 5, c„ôv 108-109 †`Lyb)

4. Dcv‡Ëi êaZv Ges DcvË we‡køl‡Yi c×wZ: DcvË we‡køl‡Y wb‡gœv³ welq¸‡jv cwi®‹vifv‡e D‡jøwLZ n‡e:

m~PK;Dcv‡Ëi Drm;msMÖ‡ni c×wZ;DcvË msMÖnKvix;DcvË ch©v‡jvPbvi c×wZ|

†hLv‡b DcvË msMnÖ Kvix‡ì wbivcËv Swyu K i‡q‡Q, †m‡ÿ‡Î DcvË msMnÖ Kvix cwÖ Zôvb Ges DcvË msMnÖ Kvixi wb‡Ri bvg D‡jLø Kiv DwPZ bq| DcvË msMnÖ I chv© ‡jvPbvi mxgve×Zv cvÖ ß Z‡_ï wekv¦ m‡hvM¨Zv A_ev Ab¨vb¨ Ae¯v’ q Zv‡ì cvÖ mw½KZv m¤ú‡K© ckÖ œ ivL‡Z cv‡i, †h¸‡jv wjwce× Ki‡Z n‡e| D`vniY¯iƒc, †h mg Í DËi`vZv evowZ m¤ú‡ì eÈb A_ev Awf‡hvM Gwo‡q Pjvi Rb¨ ZvwjKvi K_v ev Dcw¯w’ Zi msL¨v evwo‡q e‡j, †m mg Í DËi`vZvi DcvË wekv¦ m‡hvM¨ bvI n‡Z cv‡i| Avevi Kgm© w~ P I cwiexÿY cwÖ µqvq hw` wbw`ó© `j ev welq‡K Z‡z j aiv bv nq Z‡e †m‡ÿ‡Î GwUiI D‡jLø _vK‡Z n‡e|

cÿcvZ cÖeYZv Kgv‡bvi Rb¨ DcvËmg~n wewfbœ Drm †_‡K msMÖn Kiv DwPZ Ges Zv Zzjbv Kiv DwPZ| GB †KŠkj Dcv‡Ëi êaZv‡K AviI kw³kvjx K‡i| Dcmsnv‡i Avmvi Av‡M bvix I cyiæl, wkï I bexbmn me‡P‡q †ewk ÿwZMÖ¯Í‡ì mv‡_ civgk© Ki‡Z n‡e| gvbweKZvi mvov`v‡b ewnivMZ‡ì AMÖvwaKviwfwËK wek¦vm‡K Gwo‡q Pjvi Rb¨ ¯’vbxq wek¦vm I Ávb‡K GB ch©v‡jvPbvi †K‡›`ª ivL‡Z n‡e (wkÿvbxwZ gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 4, c„ôv 105 †`Lyb)

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3. †cÖÿvcU ch©v‡jvPbv: `y‡h©vM SuywK I Ø›Ø-msNvZ ch©v‡jvPbvmn †cÖÿvcU ch©v‡jvPbv Ø›Ø-msNvZ I `y‡h©vMKv‡j wkÿv mvov`vb Kvh©µg h_vh_, ms‡e`bkxj I cÖvmw½K nIqvi wbðqZv cÖ`vb K‡i|

SuywK ch©v‡jvPbvi †ÿ‡Î wkÿv_©x‡ì ¯^v¯’¨, myiÿv I wbivcËv BZ¨vw` mKj †cÖÿvcU we‡ePbvq Avb‡Z n‡e| GwU GB wbðqZv w`‡Z mnvqZv K‡i †h wkÿv GKwU myiwÿZ gvb`Ð| SzuwK ch©v‡jvPbv wkÿv SzuwK¸‡jv wbiƒcY K‡i, GLv‡b AšÍfz©³ n‡Z cv‡i:

wbivcËvnxbZv, `ye©j miKvi eë¯’v Ges `yb©xwZ;Rb¯^v‡¯’ï welqvejx †hgb- msµvgK †iv‡Mi we¯Ívi;wkí msµvšÍ SzuwK †hgb welv³ M¨vm Ges ivmvqwbK c`v‡_©i wbM©gbmn Ab¨vb¨ mvgvwRK, A_©‰bwZK, KvVv‡gvMZ I cwi‡ekMZ welq;†cÖÿvc‡Ui mv‡_ cÖvmw½K wj½, eqm, cÖwZeÜxZv, RvwZMZ cUf~wg Ges Ab¨vb¨ welq msµvšÍ mywbw`ó SzuwK|

AmgZv I Ø›Ø-msNvZ wkÿv Kvh©µg ev¯Íevq‡b e¨vNvZ NUv‡e bv †m wel‡q wbðqZv cÖ`vb Ki‡Z Ø›Ø-msNvZ ch©v‡jvPbvq GmKj wel‡qi Dcw¯’wZ _vK‡e| GwU Ø›Ø-msNvZ Ges `y‡h©vMKvjxb Dfq mgqB cÖ‡qvRb| Ø›Ø-msNvZ ch©v‡jvPbvi †ÿ‡Î wb‡gœv³ welqvejx Rvbv ìKvi:

Ø›Ø-msNv‡Zi mv‡_ †h mKj e¨w³eM© cÖZ¨ÿ ev c‡ivÿfv‡e RwoZ, Ø›Ø-msNv‡Zi Kvi‡Y ÿwZMÖ¯Í n‡Z cv‡i A_ev ÿwZMÖ¯Í nIqvi SuywK‡Z _vK‡Z cv‡i;Ø›Ø-msNv‡Zi g~j ev m¤¢ve¨ KviYmg~n Ges `y`©kv e„w×‡Z †h welq¸‡jv `vqx;Ø›Ø-msNv‡Zi KviYmg~n Ges wkÿv mswkøó †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì g‡a¨ cvi¯úwiK m¤ú©K|

mywbw`©ó †Kv‡bv AÂj ev †`‡ki Ø›Ø-msNvZgq cwiw¯’wZi ch©v‡jvPbv wewfbœ M‡elYv cÖwZôv‡b cvIqv †h‡Z cv‡i| wkÿvi `„wó‡KvY †_‡K G¸‡jv cybwe©‡ePbvi cÖ‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i| hw` we`¨gvb ch©v‡jvPbv ch©vß ev cÖ‡hvR¨ bv nq, Z‡e msNvZ ch©v‡jvPbvi Rb¨ ÿwZMÖ¯Í GjvKvq Kg©kvjv ev †W· ÷vwW Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| wkÿv mswkøó †÷K‡nvìvie„›` wkÿv msµvšÍ mywbw`©ó Z_¨mn Ø›Ø-msNv‡Zi mvwe©K ch©v‡jvPbv Ki‡Z h_vh_ ms¯’vi n‡q cÖPviYv Pvjv‡e Ges mKj AvMÖnx `‡ji mv‡_ cÖvß Z_¨ wb‡q gZwewbgq Ki‡e|

SzuwK ch©v‡jvPbv cÖwZ‡e`b msNvZmn mKj cÖvK…wZK I gvbem„ó Avc‡ì SzuwK eë¯’vcbvi Rb¨ †KŠk‡ji cÖ¯Íve K‡i| †KŠkj¸‡jv n‡Z cv‡i cÖwZ‡iva, Dckg, cÖ¯‘wZ, mvov`vb, cybtwb©gvY Ges cybe©vmb| D`vniY¯îƒc, Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z cÖwZ‡iva, Dckg Ges mvov`v‡b Avc`Kvjxb I myiÿv cwiKíbvi Rb¨ we`¨vjq ev

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wkLb †K›`ª¸‡jvi cÖ‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i| Zviv GKwU SzuwK g¨vcI ˆZwi Ki‡Z cv‡i †hLv‡b m¤¢ve¨ SzuwK Ges ÿwZMÖ¯Í wkÿv_x©‡ì wec`vcbœZv Ges mnbkxjZv‡K cÖvavb¨ w`‡e|

m¤ú` Ges mÿgZvmn KwgDwbwUi mnbkxjZv I ¯’vbxqfv‡e wU‡K _vKvi cÖ‡Póv G¸‡jv wbiƒc‡Yi cwic~iK n‡”Q SuywK ch©v‡jvPbv| Riæwi cwiw¯’wZi c~‡e© I c‡i `y‡h©vM wbimb, cÖ¯‘wZ Ges ¯^vfvweK Ae¯’vq wd‡i Avmvi Rb¨ Ávb, `ÿZv I mÿgZv‡K wbiƒcY Ges kw³kvjx Kiv, hw` m¤¢e nq cÖ¯‘wZ I wbimb Kvh©µ‡gi gva¨‡g Zv Kiv (KwgDwbwU AskMÖnY gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 1-4, c„ôv 24-26; KwgDwbwU AskMÖnY gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 5, c„ôv 32; AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 11, c„ôv 65; wkÿY I wkLb gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 6, c„ôv 83; wkÿvbxwZ gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 2 I 4, c„ôv 104 I 105; Ges wkÿvbxwZ gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 3 I 5, c„ôv 108-109 †`Lyb)

4. Dcv‡Ëi êaZv Ges DcvË we‡køl‡Yi c×wZ: DcvË we‡køl‡Y wb‡gœv³ welq¸‡jv cwi®‹vifv‡e D‡jøwLZ n‡e:

m~PK;Dcv‡Ëi Drm;msMÖ‡ni c×wZ;DcvË msMÖnKvix;DcvË ch©v‡jvPbvi c×wZ|

†hLv‡b DcvË msMnÖ Kvix‡ì wbivcËv Swyu K i‡q‡Q, †m‡ÿ‡Î DcvË msMnÖ Kvix cwÖ Zôvb Ges DcvË msMnÖ Kvixi wb‡Ri bvg D‡jLø Kiv DwPZ bq| DcvË msMnÖ I chv© ‡jvPbvi mxgve×Zv cvÖ ß Z‡_ï wekv¦ m‡hvM¨Zv A_ev Ab¨vb¨ Ae¯v’ q Zv‡ì cvÖ mw½KZv m¤ú‡K© ckÖ œ ivL‡Z cv‡i, †h¸‡jv wjwce× Ki‡Z n‡e| D`vniY¯iƒc, †h mg Í DËi`vZv evowZ m¤ú‡ì eÈb A_ev Awf‡hvM Gwo‡q Pjvi Rb¨ ZvwjKvi K_v ev Dcw¯w’ Zi msL¨v evwo‡q e‡j, †m mg Í DËi`vZvi DcvË wekv¦ m‡hvM¨ bvI n‡Z cv‡i| Avevi Kgm© w~ P I cwiexÿY cwÖ µqvq hw` wbw`ó© `j ev welq‡K Z‡z j aiv bv nq Z‡e †m‡ÿ‡Î GwUiI D‡jLø _vK‡Z n‡e|

cÿcvZ cÖeYZv Kgv‡bvi Rb¨ DcvËmg~n wewfbœ Drm †_‡K msMÖn Kiv DwPZ Ges Zv Zzjbv Kiv DwPZ| GB †KŠkj Dcv‡Ëi êaZv‡K AviI kw³kvjx K‡i| Dcmsnv‡i Avmvi Av‡M bvix I cyiæl, wkï I bexbmn me‡P‡q †ewk ÿwZMÖ¯Í‡ì mv‡_ civgk© Ki‡Z n‡e| gvbweKZvi mvov`v‡b ewnivMZ‡ì AMÖvwaKviwfwËK wek¦vm‡K Gwo‡q Pjvi Rb¨ ¯’vbxq wek¦vm I Ávb‡K GB ch©v‡jvPbvi †K‡›`ª ivL‡Z n‡e (wkÿvbxwZ gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 4, c„ôv 105 †`Lyb)

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5. wbiƒc‡Y AskMnÖ YKvix: wec`vcbœ `jmn wkÿv KZc„© ÿ I ÿwZMÖ Í Rb‡Mvôxi cwÖ Zwbwa wbiƒcY Kvhµ© ‡g AskMnÖ Y Ki‡e| cvÖ _wgK wbiƒc‡Yi mgq msKUgq cwiw¯w’ Zi Kvi‡Y Z_¨ I DcvË msMnÖ , chv© ‡jvPbv, eë¯v’ cbv I cPÖ v‡ii mgq ÿwZMÖ Í `j¸‡jvi AskMnÖ Y mxwgZ n‡Z cv‡i| hLb †cÿÖ vcU w¯w’ Zkxj n‡e ZLb GB msL¨v evov‡Z n‡e| ¯v’ bxq Rb‡Mvôxi †hvMv‡hv‡Mi mwy eavi Rb¨ c‡Ö qvRb †gvZv‡eK mvs‡KwZK fvlv Ges †eBª jxmn mKj fvlvq wbiƒcY cwiPvjbv Kiv DwPZ (wkÿvbxwZ gvb 1, wb‡`w© kKv 4, cô„ v 105 †`Lby )|

6. wkÿv LvZ I Ab¨vb¨ Lv‡Zi g‡a¨ mg¤^q: wbiƒcY‡K gvbm¤§Z, mgwš^Z I eënvi Dc‡hvMx Kivi Rb¨ wkÿv LvZ‡K wb‡R‡ì Ges Ab¨vb¨ Lv‡Zi g‡a¨ mg¤^q Kiv AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| wkÿv mswkøó †÷K‡nvìvie„›`, wewfbœ ms¯’v †_‡K cÖvß Z_¨ cwinvi Kivi Rb¨ †hŠ_ wbiƒcY cwiPvjbv ev mg¤^‡qi gva¨‡g Pvwn`v wbiƒcY‡K mgw¤^Z Ki‡e| mgwš^Z wbiƒcY Riæwi cwiw¯’wZi cÖfv‡ei Dci gReyZ mvÿ¨ ˆZwi K‡i Ges m½wZc~Y© mvov`vb cwiPvjbv K‡i| mgwš^Z wbiƒcY Z_¨ Av`vb-cÖ`vb‡K DrmvwnZ Kivi gva¨‡g gvbweK †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì Revew`wnZv‡K DbœZ K‡i (mgš^q gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 4, c„ôv 35 †`Lyb)|

wkÿv Lv‡Z ûgwK, SuywK I †mevi cÖvc¨Zv BZ¨vw` wkÿv mvov`vb‡K AewnZ Ki‡Z Ab¨vb¨ Lv‡Zi mv‡_ KvR Ki‡e| wkÿv wefvM‡K Ab¨vb¨ †h wefvM¸‡jvi mv‡_ KvR Ki‡Z n‡Z cv‡i Zv n‡jv:

¯^v¯’¨ wefvM †_‡K gnvgvixi ûgwKi †h me Z_¨ I DcvË i‡q‡Q Zv Rvb‡Z n‡e Ges †hŠb I cÖRbb ¯^v¯’¨, GBPAvBwf cÖwZ‡iva, wPwKrmv, †mev I mn‡hvwMZvmn cÖv_wgK ¯^v¯’¨‡mev m¤ú‡K© wkL‡Z n‡e;KwgDwbwUi g‡a¨ GwZg I Ab¨vb¨ wec`vcbœ RbMY, †RÛviwfwËK I †hŠb mwnsmZv m¤úwK©Z SzuwK¸‡jv Rvb‡Z myiÿv wefv‡Mi mv‡_ KvR Ki‡Z n‡e; wkÿv‡ÿ‡Î evav Ges mvgvwRK I g‡bvmvgvwRK †mev¸‡jv m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z n‡e;we`¨vjq wfwËK, KwgDwbwU wfwËK I Ab¨vb¨ cywó †mev m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cywó wefv‡Mi mv‡_ KvR Ki‡Z n‡e;wbivc` I h_v_© ¯’vb, wbgv©Y/cybtwbgv©Y Ges wkLb AwfMg¨Zv I we‡bv`b myweav; wkÿv‡K‡›`ªi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq wbZ¨ eënvh© mvgMÖx mieivn BZ¨vw` wel‡q mg¤^‡qi Rb¨ Avkªq I K¨v¤ú eë¯’vcbv wefv‡Mi mv‡_ KvR Ki‡Z n‡e; cvwb I cqtwb®‹vkb wefv‡Mi mv‡_ KvR Ki‡Z n‡e hv‡Z wkL‡bi ¯’vbmg~‡ni Rb¨ wbivc` cvwb I h_vh_ cqtwb®‹vk‡bi mnRjf¨Zv wbwðZ Ki‡e;

eBcÎ I Ab¨vb¨ mvgMÖx msMÖn, mieivn I weZi‡Yi Rb¨ jwRwóK wefv‡Mi mv‡_ KvR Ki‡Z n‡e|

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(mgš^q gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 1, I 3 - 4, c„ôv 33 I 34-35 Ges wkÿvbxwZ gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 2, c„ôv 108 †`Lyb)|

7. wkÿv I g‡bv-mvgvwRK Pvwn`v: mvaviY Pvwn`v wbiƒcY wn‡m‡e wkÿv I g‡bv-mvgvwRK Pvwn`v Ges m¤ú‡ì wewÿß DcvË msMÖn Ki‡Z n‡e| wbiƒcY `‡ji m`mïv ¯’vbxq Ávb‡K Kv‡R jvwM‡q Giƒc wbiƒc‡Y mnvqZv Ki‡Z cv‡i| ms¯’vmg~n‡K Zv‡ì m¤ú`, Kg©Pvix Ges mvsMVwbK mÿgZv w`‡q wbiƒcY `‡ji Kvh©µg‡K GwM‡q wb‡q †h‡Z n‡e|

8. wbiƒcY djvdj: hZ`ªæZ m¤¢e wbiƒcY djvdj mnRcÖvc¨ n‡Z n‡e, hv‡Z wkÿv Kvh©µg cwiKíbv Kiv hvq| `y‡h©vM c~e©eZ©x DcvË Ges `y‡h©vM cieZ©x wbiƒcY, m¤ú` I wkÿvi Pvwn`v wPwýZ K‡i Ges wkÿv KZ©„cÿ, GbwRI, gvbweK ms¯’vmg~n Ges ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôx wkÿv AwaKvi jsNb ev c~iY Ki‡Z GB DcvË¸‡jv wb‡q gZwewbgq Ki‡e|

¯’vbxq I RvZxq ch©v‡qi wkÿv KZ©„cÿ wbiƒcY djvdj wb‡q Av‡jvPbvi mgš^q Ki‡e| hw` G KvR Kivi g‡Zv wkÿv wefv‡Mi mÿgZv bv _v‡K †m‡ÿ‡Î AvšÍR©vwZKfv‡e gyL¨ f~wgKv cvjbKvix †hgb- wkÿv wefvM mgš^q KwgwU ev wkÿv K¬vóvi GwU cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z cv‡i| wbiƒcY djvdj DcvË Dc¯’vcb gvbm¤§Z n‡Z n‡e hv‡Z Z_¨mg~n mn‡R eënvi Kiv hvq (mgš^q gvb 1, c„ôv 33-36 †`Lyb)|


5. wbiƒc‡Y AskMnÖ YKvix: wec`vcbœ `jmn wkÿv KZc„© ÿ I ÿwZMÖ Í Rb‡Mvôxi cwÖ Zwbwa wbiƒcY Kvhµ© ‡g AskMnÖ Y Ki‡e| cvÖ _wgK wbiƒc‡Yi mgq msKUgq cwiw¯w’ Zi Kvi‡Y Z_¨ I DcvË msMnÖ , chv© ‡jvPbv, eë¯v’ cbv I cPÖ v‡ii mgq ÿwZMÖ Í `j¸‡jvi AskMnÖ Y mxwgZ n‡Z cv‡i| hLb †cÿÖ vcU w¯w’ Zkxj n‡e ZLb GB msL¨v evov‡Z n‡e| ¯v’ bxq Rb‡Mvôxi †hvMv‡hv‡Mi mwy eavi Rb¨ c‡Ö qvRb †gvZv‡eK mvs‡KwZK fvlv Ges †eBª jxmn mKj fvlvq wbiƒcY cwiPvjbv Kiv DwPZ (wkÿvbxwZ gvb 1, wb‡`w© kKv 4, cô„ v 105 †`Lby )|

6. wkÿv LvZ I Ab¨vb¨ Lv‡Zi g‡a¨ mg¤^q: wbiƒcY‡K gvbm¤§Z, mgwš^Z I eënvi Dc‡hvMx Kivi Rb¨ wkÿv LvZ‡K wb‡R‡ì Ges Ab¨vb¨ Lv‡Zi g‡a¨ mg¤^q Kiv AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| wkÿv mswkøó †÷K‡nvìvie„›`, wewfbœ ms¯’v †_‡K cÖvß Z_¨ cwinvi Kivi Rb¨ †hŠ_ wbiƒcY cwiPvjbv ev mg¤^‡qi gva¨‡g Pvwn`v wbiƒcY‡K mgw¤^Z Ki‡e| mgwš^Z wbiƒcY Riæwi cwiw¯’wZi cÖfv‡ei Dci gReyZ mvÿ¨ ˆZwi K‡i Ges m½wZc~Y© mvov`vb cwiPvjbv K‡i| mgwš^Z wbiƒcY Z_¨ Av`vb-cÖ`vb‡K DrmvwnZ Kivi gva¨‡g gvbweK †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì Revew`wnZv‡K DbœZ K‡i (mgš^q gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 4, c„ôv 35 †`Lyb)|

wkÿv Lv‡Z ûgwK, SuywK I †mevi cÖvc¨Zv BZ¨vw` wkÿv mvov`vb‡K AewnZ Ki‡Z Ab¨vb¨ Lv‡Zi mv‡_ KvR Ki‡e| wkÿv wefvM‡K Ab¨vb¨ †h wefvM¸‡jvi mv‡_ KvR Ki‡Z n‡Z cv‡i Zv n‡jv:

¯^v¯’¨ wefvM †_‡K gnvgvixi ûgwKi †h me Z_¨ I DcvË i‡q‡Q Zv Rvb‡Z n‡e Ges †hŠb I cÖRbb ¯^v¯’¨, GBPAvBwf cÖwZ‡iva, wPwKrmv, †mev I mn‡hvwMZvmn cÖv_wgK ¯^v¯’¨‡mev m¤ú‡K© wkL‡Z n‡e;KwgDwbwUi g‡a¨ GwZg I Ab¨vb¨ wec`vcbœ RbMY, †RÛviwfwËK I †hŠb mwnsmZv m¤úwK©Z SzuwK¸‡jv Rvb‡Z myiÿv wefv‡Mi mv‡_ KvR Ki‡Z n‡e; wkÿv‡ÿ‡Î evav Ges mvgvwRK I g‡bvmvgvwRK †mev¸‡jv m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z n‡e;we`¨vjq wfwËK, KwgDwbwU wfwËK I Ab¨vb¨ cywó †mev m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cywó wefv‡Mi mv‡_ KvR Ki‡Z n‡e;wbivc` I h_v_© ¯’vb, wbgv©Y/cybtwbgv©Y Ges wkLb AwfMg¨Zv I we‡bv`b myweav; wkÿv‡K‡›`ªi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq wbZ¨ eënvh© mvgMÖx mieivn BZ¨vw` wel‡q mg¤^‡qi Rb¨ Avkªq I K¨v¤ú eë¯’vcbv wefv‡Mi mv‡_ KvR Ki‡Z n‡e; cvwb I cqtwb®‹vkb wefv‡Mi mv‡_ KvR Ki‡Z n‡e hv‡Z wkL‡bi ¯’vbmg~‡ni Rb¨ wbivc` cvwb I h_vh_ cqtwb®‹vk‡bi mnRjf¨Zv wbwðZ Ki‡e;

eBcÎ I Ab¨vb¨ mvgMÖx msMÖn, mieivn I weZi‡Yi Rb¨ jwRwóK wefv‡Mi mv‡_ KvR Ki‡Z n‡e|

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(mgš^q gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 1, I 3 - 4, c„ôv 33 I 34-35 Ges wkÿvbxwZ gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 2, c„ôv 108 †`Lyb)|

7. wkÿv I g‡bv-mvgvwRK Pvwn`v: mvaviY Pvwn`v wbiƒcY wn‡m‡e wkÿv I g‡bv-mvgvwRK Pvwn`v Ges m¤ú‡ì wewÿß DcvË msMÖn Ki‡Z n‡e| wbiƒcY `‡ji m`mïv ¯’vbxq Ávb‡K Kv‡R jvwM‡q Giƒc wbiƒc‡Y mnvqZv Ki‡Z cv‡i| ms¯’vmg~n‡K Zv‡ì m¤ú`, Kg©Pvix Ges mvsMVwbK mÿgZv w`‡q wbiƒcY `‡ji Kvh©µg‡K GwM‡q wb‡q †h‡Z n‡e|

8. wbiƒcY djvdj: hZ`ªæZ m¤¢e wbiƒcY djvdj mnRcÖvc¨ n‡Z n‡e, hv‡Z wkÿv Kvh©µg cwiKíbv Kiv hvq| `y‡h©vM c~e©eZ©x DcvË Ges `y‡h©vM cieZ©x wbiƒcY, m¤ú` I wkÿvi Pvwn`v wPwýZ K‡i Ges wkÿv KZ©„cÿ, GbwRI, gvbweK ms¯’vmg~n Ges ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôx wkÿv AwaKvi jsNb ev c~iY Ki‡Z GB DcvË¸‡jv wb‡q gZwewbgq Ki‡e|

¯’vbxq I RvZxq ch©v‡qi wkÿv KZ©„cÿ wbiƒcY djvdj wb‡q Av‡jvPbvi mgš^q Ki‡e| hw` G KvR Kivi g‡Zv wkÿv wefv‡Mi mÿgZv bv _v‡K †m‡ÿ‡Î AvšÍR©vwZKfv‡e gyL¨ f~wgKv cvjbKvix †hgb- wkÿv wefvM mgš^q KwgwU ev wkÿv K¬vóvi GwU cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z cv‡i| wbiƒcY djvdj DcvË Dc¯’vcb gvbm¤§Z n‡Z n‡e hv‡Z Z_¨mg~n mn‡R eënvi Kiv hvq (mgš^q gvb 1, c„ôv 33-36 †`Lyb)|



mvov`v‡bi †KŠkj h_vh_fv‡e wbiƒcY djvdj‡K cÖwZdwjZ K‡i (wb‡`©wkKv 1-2 †`Lyb)|

wkÿv mvov`vb µgvš^‡q ÿwZMÖ¯Í Rb‡Mvôxi GKxf~Z I gvbm¤§Z wkÿvi Pvwn`v †gUvq (wb‡`©wkKv 1, 5 I 8 †`Lyb)|

¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôx ev †mev cÖ`vbKvixi †Kv‡bv ÿwZ bv K‡i Ges Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ †hb Av‡ivI `y`k©vMÖ¯Í bv nq †mw`‡K jÿ¨ †i‡L mvov`v‡bi †KŠkjmg~n‡K cwiKíbv I ev¯Íevqb Kiv n‡q‡Q (wb‡`©wkKv 3 I 7 †`Lyb)|

we`¨gvb wkÿv mvov`vb m¤ú‡K© AeMZ nIqvi Rb¨ cÖv_wgK wbiƒcY I †cÖÿvcU ch©v‡jvPbv †_‡K msM„nxZ Z_¨, bZzb msM„nxZ DcvË w`‡q nvjbvMv` Kiv nq (wb‡`©wkKv 4 †`Lyb)|

mÿgZvmn mvov`vb †KŠkj ˆZwi hv wkÿv KZ©„cÿ I ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôx‡K wbiƒcY KvR m¤úv`b I mvov`vb Kvh©µg ev¯Íevq‡b mnvqZv K‡i (wb‡`©wkKv 2 †`Lyb)|

wkÿv mvov`vb RvZxq wkÿv Kvh©µ‡gi cwic~iK Ges mgw¤^Z (wb‡`©wkKv 6 I 8 †`Lyb)|

Kg©m~wPi ïiæ‡Z c×wZMZfv‡e cÖv_wgK DcvË msMÖn Kiv nq (wb‡`©wkKv 9 †`Lyb)|

wb‡`©wkKv1. mvov`vb †KŠkj: DcvË wbiƒc‡Yi Dci e¨vL¨v I mvwe©K ch©v‡jvPbvq wkÿv mswkøó

KZ©„cÿ Aek¨B AskMÖnY Ki‡e hv GB wbðqZv †`q †h, wbiƒcY n‡Z †ewo‡q Avmv cÖvß I AMÖMY¨ welq¸‡jvi Dci wfwË K‡i mvov`vb †KŠkj ˆZwi n‡q‡Q| GUv SzuwK wbiƒcY djvdj cwinvi K‡i hv BwZg‡a¨B Kg©m~wP mvov`v‡bi Rb¨ cwiKíbv Kiv n‡q‡Q|

mvov`v‡bi †KŠk‡j wkÿv wefv‡Mi gyL¨ f~wgKv I Ab¨vb¨ ÔmswkøócÿÕ‡ì g‡a¨ mg¤^q _vK‡Z n‡e| D`vniY¯îƒc ejv hvq, wkÿv Lv‡Z wewfbœ ai‡bi LiP †hgb wkÿK‡ì †eZb, miÄvgvw` µq BZ¨vw` wewfbœ msMV‡bi mv‡_ m½wZ †i‡L Ki‡Z n‡e Ges Zv †UKmB I `xN©‡gqvw` n‡Z n‡e|

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ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 2:mvov`v‡bi †KŠkj

†cÖÿvc‡Ui GKwU my¯úó eY©bv, wkÿv AwaKv‡i evav Ges GBme evav AwZµ‡gi †KŠkj cÖf…wZ GKxf‚Z wkÿv mvov`vb †KŠk‡ji AšÍfz©³|

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mvov`vb †KŠkj ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi we`¨gvb I Kvh©Kix mwµq AskMÖnY Ges mwVK Avc`Kvjxb cwiKíbvi Dci wfwË K‡i M‡o Zzj‡Z n‡e| wewfbœ ai‡bi I ¯Í‡ii wkÿv, SuywK I Avc` wel‡q m‡PZbZv Ges wkÿv Kvh©µ‡g Ab¨vb¨ ms¯’vi mn‡hvwMZv BZ¨vw` wel‡q mvov`vb †KŠkj wb‡`©k Ki‡e| cÖv_wgK DcvË msMÖn Ges g~j¨vqbmn AZ¨vek¨Kxq wkÿv Kvh©µg BZ¨vwì Rb¨ ev‡RU ivLv DwPZ (KwgDwbwUi AskMÖnY gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 1, c„ôv 24, †`Lyb)

†RÛvi cÖwZeÜKZvmn wewfbœ ai‡bi cÖwZeÜKZv m¤ú‡K© ch©v‡jvPbv _vK‡Z n‡e, GB cÖwZeÜKZv¸‡jv `~i Kivi Rb¨ mKj ¯Íi I mKj ai‡bi wkÿv I wkÿv Kvh©µ‡gi my‡hvM ˆZwi Ki‡Z n‡e| mvov`vb †KŠk‡j GKxf~Z wkÿv mnvqZv w`‡Z Ges wkÿvi Pvwn`v e„w×‡Z h‡ZvUv m¤¢e bgbxq nIqv DwPZ|

2. DcvË msMÖn I ch©v‡jvPbvi Rb¨ mÿgZv ˆZwi: wkÿv KZ„©c‡ÿi Kg©Pvix I ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi m`m¨‡ì Rb¨ mvov`vb †KŠkj mÿgZv ˆZwi‡K AšÍf©y³ Ki‡e| bexb KwgDwbwU m`m¨ DcvË msMÖn I ch©v‡jvPbv, cwiexÿY I g~j¨vq‡b m¤ú„³ n‡Z cv‡i| wbiƒcY DcvË ch©v‡jvPbv I msMÖn‡K Kvh©Ki I e¨vcK Ki‡Z n‡j Kg©Pvix wb‡qv‡Mi †ÿ‡Î wj½ fvimvg¨Zv LyeB Riæwi (ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 3, wb‡`©wkKv 2, c„ôv 48 Ges ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 4, wb‡`©wkKv 3, c„ôv 51 †`Lyb)|

3. ÔWz †bv nvg©Õ: Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿv mvov`vb †h mg¯Í GjvKvq m¤ú‡ì AcÖZyjZv i‡q‡Q, †m mg¯Í GjvKvq wewfbœ ai‡bi m¤ú` †hgb- cÖwkÿY, PvKzwi, Lv‡`ï †hvMvb BZ¨vw` ¯’vbvšÍi K‡i| G m¤ú`¸‡jv cÖvqB m¤ú` I ÿgZvi cÖwZwbwaZ¡ K‡i| GB m¤ú` KwgDwbwUi g‡a¨ msNvZ ev êlg¨ ‰Zwi Ki‡Z cv‡i| Ø›Ø-msNvZ cwiw¯’wZ‡Z, wKQz gvbyl GB m¤ú` wb‡R‡ì ¯^v‡_© ev wb‡R‡ì‡K AviI m¤ú`kvjx ev ÿgZvkvjx Ki‡Z I Ab¨ cÿ‡K `ye©j Ki‡Z GB m¤ú`¸‡jv eënvi I wbqš¿Y Ki‡Z cv‡i| hw` GB ai‡bi cwiw¯’wZ nq Z‡e Zv wkÿv mvov`v‡b cÖfve †dj‡Z cv‡i| SzuwK Ges Ø›Ø-msNvZ ch©v‡jvPbvi Dcjwäi Dci wfwË K‡i GB cwiw¯’wZ Gwo‡q Pjvi †Póv Ki‡Z n‡e (ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 3, c„ôv 39-40 †`Lyb)|

kvwšÍ cÖwZôvq m¤ú‡ì ¯’vbvšÍi Ges Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿv mvov`vb Kvh©µg cwiPvjbv cÖwµqv ¯’vbxq mÿgZv‡KI kw³kvjx Ki‡Z cv‡i| GB ai‡bi Kvh©µg, KwgDwbwU‡K GKÎ Ki‡Z Ø›Ø-msNvZ m„wóKvix gvbwmK Pv‡ci Drm I wefvRb Kwg‡q Avb‡Z cv‡i| D`vniY¯îƒc, wkÿK cÖwkÿY Kg©m~wP †ckvMZ AvMÖ‡n RvwZMZ †f`v‡f` fz‡j wM‡q wkÿK‡ì g‡a¨ HK¨ m„wó Ki‡Z cv‡i| c~‡e©i cÖvwšÍK Rb‡Mvôx‡K GKÎxKi‡Yi gva¨‡g AwaK mg`k©xZvg~jK KwgDwbwU m¤úK© M‡o Zzj‡Z cv‡i|



mvov`v‡bi †KŠkj h_vh_fv‡e wbiƒcY djvdj‡K cÖwZdwjZ K‡i (wb‡`©wkKv 1-2 †`Lyb)|

wkÿv mvov`vb µgvš^‡q ÿwZMÖ¯Í Rb‡Mvôxi GKxf~Z I gvbm¤§Z wkÿvi Pvwn`v †gUvq (wb‡`©wkKv 1, 5 I 8 †`Lyb)|

¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôx ev †mev cÖ`vbKvixi †Kv‡bv ÿwZ bv K‡i Ges Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ †hb Av‡ivI `y`k©vMÖ¯Í bv nq †mw`‡K jÿ¨ †i‡L mvov`v‡bi †KŠkjmg~n‡K cwiKíbv I ev¯Íevqb Kiv n‡q‡Q (wb‡`©wkKv 3 I 7 †`Lyb)|

we`¨gvb wkÿv mvov`vb m¤ú‡K© AeMZ nIqvi Rb¨ cÖv_wgK wbiƒcY I †cÖÿvcU ch©v‡jvPbv †_‡K msM„nxZ Z_¨, bZzb msM„nxZ DcvË w`‡q nvjbvMv` Kiv nq (wb‡`©wkKv 4 †`Lyb)|

mÿgZvmn mvov`vb †KŠkj ˆZwi hv wkÿv KZ©„cÿ I ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôx‡K wbiƒcY KvR m¤úv`b I mvov`vb Kvh©µg ev¯Íevq‡b mnvqZv K‡i (wb‡`©wkKv 2 †`Lyb)|

wkÿv mvov`vb RvZxq wkÿv Kvh©µ‡gi cwic~iK Ges mgw¤^Z (wb‡`©wkKv 6 I 8 †`Lyb)|

Kg©m~wPi ïiæ‡Z c×wZMZfv‡e cÖv_wgK DcvË msMÖn Kiv nq (wb‡`©wkKv 9 †`Lyb)|

wb‡`©wkKv1. mvov`vb †KŠkj: DcvË wbiƒc‡Yi Dci e¨vL¨v I mvwe©K ch©v‡jvPbvq wkÿv mswkøó

KZ©„cÿ Aek¨B AskMÖnY Ki‡e hv GB wbðqZv †`q †h, wbiƒcY n‡Z †ewo‡q Avmv cÖvß I AMÖMY¨ welq¸‡jvi Dci wfwË K‡i mvov`vb †KŠkj ˆZwi n‡q‡Q| GUv SzuwK wbiƒcY djvdj cwinvi K‡i hv BwZg‡a¨B Kg©m~wP mvov`v‡bi Rb¨ cwiKíbv Kiv n‡q‡Q|

mvov`v‡bi †KŠk‡j wkÿv wefv‡Mi gyL¨ f~wgKv I Ab¨vb¨ ÔmswkøócÿÕ‡ì g‡a¨ mg¤^q _vK‡Z n‡e| D`vniY¯îƒc ejv hvq, wkÿv Lv‡Z wewfbœ ai‡bi LiP †hgb wkÿK‡ì †eZb, miÄvgvw` µq BZ¨vw` wewfbœ msMV‡bi mv‡_ m½wZ †i‡L Ki‡Z n‡e Ges Zv †UKmB I `xN©‡gqvw` n‡Z n‡e|

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ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 2:mvov`v‡bi †KŠkj

†cÖÿvc‡Ui GKwU my¯úó eY©bv, wkÿv AwaKv‡i evav Ges GBme evav AwZµ‡gi †KŠkj cÖf…wZ GKxf‚Z wkÿv mvov`vb †KŠk‡ji AšÍfz©³|

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mvov`vb †KŠkj ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi we`¨gvb I Kvh©Kix mwµq AskMÖnY Ges mwVK Avc`Kvjxb cwiKíbvi Dci wfwË K‡i M‡o Zzj‡Z n‡e| wewfbœ ai‡bi I ¯Í‡ii wkÿv, SuywK I Avc` wel‡q m‡PZbZv Ges wkÿv Kvh©µ‡g Ab¨vb¨ ms¯’vi mn‡hvwMZv BZ¨vw` wel‡q mvov`vb †KŠkj wb‡`©k Ki‡e| cÖv_wgK DcvË msMÖn Ges g~j¨vqbmn AZ¨vek¨Kxq wkÿv Kvh©µg BZ¨vwì Rb¨ ev‡RU ivLv DwPZ (KwgDwbwUi AskMÖnY gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 1, c„ôv 24, †`Lyb)

†RÛvi cÖwZeÜKZvmn wewfbœ ai‡bi cÖwZeÜKZv m¤ú‡K© ch©v‡jvPbv _vK‡Z n‡e, GB cÖwZeÜKZv¸‡jv `~i Kivi Rb¨ mKj ¯Íi I mKj ai‡bi wkÿv I wkÿv Kvh©µ‡gi my‡hvM ˆZwi Ki‡Z n‡e| mvov`vb †KŠk‡j GKxf~Z wkÿv mnvqZv w`‡Z Ges wkÿvi Pvwn`v e„w×‡Z h‡ZvUv m¤¢e bgbxq nIqv DwPZ|

2. DcvË msMÖn I ch©v‡jvPbvi Rb¨ mÿgZv ˆZwi: wkÿv KZ„©c‡ÿi Kg©Pvix I ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi m`m¨‡ì Rb¨ mvov`vb †KŠkj mÿgZv ˆZwi‡K AšÍf©y³ Ki‡e| bexb KwgDwbwU m`m¨ DcvË msMÖn I ch©v‡jvPbv, cwiexÿY I g~j¨vq‡b m¤ú„³ n‡Z cv‡i| wbiƒcY DcvË ch©v‡jvPbv I msMÖn‡K Kvh©Ki I e¨vcK Ki‡Z n‡j Kg©Pvix wb‡qv‡Mi †ÿ‡Î wj½ fvimvg¨Zv LyeB Riæwi (ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 3, wb‡`©wkKv 2, c„ôv 48 Ges ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 4, wb‡`©wkKv 3, c„ôv 51 †`Lyb)|

3. ÔWz †bv nvg©Õ: Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿv mvov`vb †h mg¯Í GjvKvq m¤ú‡ì AcÖZyjZv i‡q‡Q, †m mg¯Í GjvKvq wewfbœ ai‡bi m¤ú` †hgb- cÖwkÿY, PvKzwi, Lv‡`ï †hvMvb BZ¨vw` ¯’vbvšÍi K‡i| G m¤ú`¸‡jv cÖvqB m¤ú` I ÿgZvi cÖwZwbwaZ¡ K‡i| GB m¤ú` KwgDwbwUi g‡a¨ msNvZ ev êlg¨ ‰Zwi Ki‡Z cv‡i| Ø›Ø-msNvZ cwiw¯’wZ‡Z, wKQz gvbyl GB m¤ú` wb‡R‡ì ¯^v‡_© ev wb‡R‡ì‡K AviI m¤ú`kvjx ev ÿgZvkvjx Ki‡Z I Ab¨ cÿ‡K `ye©j Ki‡Z GB m¤ú`¸‡jv eënvi I wbqš¿Y Ki‡Z cv‡i| hw` GB ai‡bi cwiw¯’wZ nq Z‡e Zv wkÿv mvov`v‡b cÖfve †dj‡Z cv‡i| SzuwK Ges Ø›Ø-msNvZ ch©v‡jvPbvi Dcjwäi Dci wfwË K‡i GB cwiw¯’wZ Gwo‡q Pjvi †Póv Ki‡Z n‡e (ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 3, c„ôv 39-40 †`Lyb)|

kvwšÍ cÖwZôvq m¤ú‡ì ¯’vbvšÍi Ges Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿv mvov`vb Kvh©µg cwiPvjbv cÖwµqv ¯’vbxq mÿgZv‡KI kw³kvjx Ki‡Z cv‡i| GB ai‡bi Kvh©µg, KwgDwbwU‡K GKÎ Ki‡Z Ø›Ø-msNvZ m„wóKvix gvbwmK Pv‡ci Drm I wefvRb Kwg‡q Avb‡Z cv‡i| D`vniY¯îƒc, wkÿK cÖwkÿY Kg©m~wP †ckvMZ AvMÖ‡n RvwZMZ †f`v‡f` fz‡j wM‡q wkÿK‡ì g‡a¨ HK¨ m„wó Ki‡Z cv‡i| c~‡e©i cÖvwšÍK Rb‡Mvôx‡K GKÎxKi‡Yi gva¨‡g AwaK mg`k©xZvg~jK KwgDwbwU m¤úK© M‡o Zzj‡Z cv‡i|


4. mvov`vb †KŠkj nvjbvMv`: Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ †_‡K c~e©ve¯’vq wd‡i bv Avmv Ges Dbœqb ch©šÍ wkÿvi mv‡_ RwoZ mswkøó cÿ mvov`vb †KŠkj wbqwgZ ch©v‡jvPbv I nvjbvMv` Ki‡e| mgq Abyhvqx cÖvß mvdj¨, Riæwi Ae¯’vi cwieZ©b, wbivcËv cwiw¯’wZ Ges mgmvgwqK cwieZ©b †KŠkj cÖKvk Ki‡Z n‡e| GLv‡b c~iY nqwb Ggb Pvwn`v I AwaKvi¸‡jvi eZ©gvb wnmve Ges H Pvwn`v¸‡jv c~i‡Yi Rb¨ †KŠk‡ji g‡a¨ cwieZ©b Avb‡Z n‡e| ¸YMZ Ae¯’v, wkÿv, cÖPvi, wU‡K _vKv Ges mvwe©K Askx`vwi‡Z¡i BwZevPK Dbœq‡b Kvh©Ki c`‡ÿc MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e|

5. `vZv‡ì mvov`vb: wkÿvi b~¨bZg gvb I wkÿvi my‡hvM wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ `vZv‡ì Riæwi wkÿv mvov`v‡bi gvb I cÖwZ‡e`b wbqwgZ ch©v‡jvPbv Kiv DwPZ| `y‡h©v‡M ÿwZMÖ¯Í GjvKvq, wkÿv myweavq mK‡ji mgvb cÖ‡ekvwaKv‡ii j‡ÿ¨ wec`vcbœ `‡ji wkÿv_x©‡ì aviYÿgZv Ges ZvwjKvfyw³i wel‡q we‡kl bRi w`‡Z n‡e| Ômgvb my‡hvMÕ evjK I evwjKv wkï, bexb I cÖvß eq¯‹ wkÿv_©x we‡kl K‡i cÖwZeÜxZv ev fvlvMZ I RvwZMZ †f`v‡f‡ì Kvi‡Y hviv cÖvwšÍK ch©v‡q i‡q‡Q Zv‡ì mgvb my‡hvM K‡i †`q| ÿwZMÖ¯Í Rb‡Mvôxi Rb¨ wkÿv myweav wbwðZ Ki‡Z wkÿv mvov`vb Znwej MV‡bi mgq cvwb, Lv`¨, AvkÖq I ¯^v¯’¨ Lv‡Z mvov`vb‡KI mgvb AMÖvwaKvi w`‡Z n‡e| AvkÖq`vZv †`‡ki kiYv_©x ev AvšÍt¯’vbPz¨Z Rb‡Mvôx‡K Gi g‡a¨ AšÍfz©³ Ki‡Z n‡e| mK‡ji Rb¨ wkÿvi AwaKvi envj ivLvi Rb¨ ch©vß Znwe‡ji eë¯’v ivLv †ek KwVb| ¯^í‡gqv`x Znwej P‡µi g‡a¨ Kvh©µg mxwgZ Kiv DwPZ bq Ges c~e©ve¯’vq wd‡i Avmvi mgq ch©šÍ GB Kvh©µg Pvjy ivLv DwPZ| (wb‡Pi wb‡`©wkKv 7, AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 1-2, c„ôv 55-57 Ges INEE Reference Guide: to External Edu-

cation Financing †`Lyb: www.ineesite.org/toolkit)

6. RvZxq Kg©m~wP kw³kvjxKiY: Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿv mvov`vb Kg©m~wP cÖviw¤¢K ˆkke Dbœqb, e„wËg~jK I RxweKv AR©‡bi wkÿvmn RvZxq wkÿv Kvh©µ‡gi mv‡_ Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿv mvov`vb Kvh©µ‡gi mgš^q I Zv Av‡ivI kw³kvjx Ki‡Z n‡e| RvZxq I ¯’vbxq wkÿv cwiKíbv, cÖkvmb Ges eë¯’vcbv, cvkvcvwk †fŠZ AeKvVv‡gv, Kg©iZ wkÿK‡ì cÖwkÿY I mnvqZv Kvh©µg Gi AšÍfz©³| msL¨vjNy I cÖwZeÜx `‡ji wkïmn mKj wkï‡ì GKxf‚Z wkÿv Ges fwel¨‡Z Av‡ivI fv‡jv wkÿv eë¯’vi Rb¨ Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿv mvov`vb I wkÿv KZ…©c‡ÿi GKmv‡_ KvR Kiv DwPZ (wkÿvbxwZ gvb 1, c„ôv 103-107 I wkÿvbxwZ gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 4, c„ôv 109 †`Lyb)|

7. Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z mvov`vb cÖ¯‘wZ Ges `y‡h©vM SuywK nªvm: msKUKvjxb mg‡qi ci c~e©ve¯’vq wd‡i Avmvi mg‡q I Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ cÖwZ‡ivaK‡í `y‡h©vM SzuwK nªvm I Riæwi mvov`vb cÖ¯‘wZi Rb¨ Dbœqb ms¯’v I `vZvmg~‡ni mnvqZv cÖ`vb Kiv DwPZ| `y‡h©vM SzuwK nªvm Ges cÖ¯‘wZ Kvh©µg mvkªqx I Kvh©Ki n‡Z cv‡i KviY GwU wkÿv

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KZ…©cÿ I mn‡hvMx cÖwZôvb KZ©„K fv‡jv cwiKíbv, mg¤^q I mvov`vb Kvh©µg Kiv hvq| `y‡h©vM SzuwK nªvm I cÖ¯‘wZ Kvh©µ‡g wewb‡qvM Kivi A_© Riæwi cwiw¯’wZi mgq Kg wewb‡qv‡Mi cÖ‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i|

8. mvsMVwbK evaëvaKZv‡K Rq Kiv: gvbweKZvi msMVbmg~n wkï, cÖv_wgK wkÿv A_ev kiYv_©x‡ì Rb¨ mxwgZ evaëvaKZv wb‡q GwU wbwðZ K‡i †h, Zv‡ì wkÿv mvov`vb Kvh©µg wkÿv KZ…©cÿ I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿv mswkøó cÿ‡ì (†÷K‡nvìvi‡ì) cwic~iK| mvwe©K wkÿv †KŠkjmg~n wb‡gœv³ welq¸‡jv †`L‡e:

cÖviw¤¢K ˆkke Dbœqb;GKxf‚Z cÖv_wgK wkÿv;gva¨wgK, D”P gva¨wgK I e„wËg~jK wkÿvmn bexb‡ì Pvwn`v;cÖvßeq¯‹ wkÿv;PvKzix c~e© I PvKzixKvjxb mg‡q wkÿK cÖwkÿY;

cÖvß eq¯‹ wkÿv_©x‡ì Rb¨ mvÿiZv I MYYv wkÿv, wbivcËv I myiÿvi Rb¨ Rxeb `ÿZv Dbœqb Ges m‡PZbZv (†hgb f~wggvBb m¤ú‡K© m‡PZbZv) e„w×i Rb¨ †KŠk‡j AcÖvwZôvwbK wkÿv Kvh©µg AšÍfz©³ Ki‡Z n‡e| †hme GjvKvq `y‡h©vM cieZ©x †jvKRb wd‡i G‡m‡Q †mme GjvKvq AwZwi³ K¬vm I e„wËg~jK cÖwkÿYmn `xN©‡gqv`x mnvqZv cÖ`vb Ki‡Z n‡e (mgš^q gvb 1, c„ôv 33-36 I wkÿY I wkLb gvb 1-2, c„ôv 75-83 †`Lyb)|

9. cÖv_wgK DcvË msMÖnKiY: ÔcÖv_wgK DcvËÕ ej‡Z byZb wkÿv Kvh©µg ïiæi c~‡e© DwÏó Rb‡Mvôxi wbKU †_‡K Z_¨ msMÖn Kiv eySvq| GwU Kg©x‡ì wkÿv cwiw¯’wZ eyS‡Z mnvqZv K‡i Ges cwiexÿY I g~j¨vq‡bi mgq cieZ©x‡Z †h mKj Z_¨ msMÖn Kiv n‡q‡Q Zvi mv‡_ wkÿv cwiw¯’wZi Zzjbv †evSvi Rb¨ cÖv_wgK DcvË wnmv‡e mvnvh¨ K‡i| cÖv_wgK DcvË msMÖn Aek¨B wbqg gvwdK n‡Z n‡e| D`vniY¯îƒc, RbmsL¨vi wewÿß DcvË, we`¨vj‡q Dcw¯’wZi nvi, wkÿK-Qv‡Îi AbycvZ BZ¨vw`| mvnvh¨ mn‡hvwMZvi mgq DcvË mywbw`©ó n‡Z cv‡i| †hgb, hw` ¯‹z‡j †g‡q‡ì Dcw¯’wZi nvi evov‡bvi D‡Ï‡k¨ GKwU Kg©m~wPi D‡`¨vM †bqv nq, Z‡e Kg©m~wP ïiæ nIqvi Av‡M †g‡q‡ì Dcw¯’wZi nvi cÖv_wgK DcvË wnmv‡e cÖ‡qvRb n‡e|

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4. mvov`vb †KŠkj nvjbvMv`: Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ †_‡K c~e©ve¯’vq wd‡i bv Avmv Ges Dbœqb ch©šÍ wkÿvi mv‡_ RwoZ mswkøó cÿ mvov`vb †KŠkj wbqwgZ ch©v‡jvPbv I nvjbvMv` Ki‡e| mgq Abyhvqx cÖvß mvdj¨, Riæwi Ae¯’vi cwieZ©b, wbivcËv cwiw¯’wZ Ges mgmvgwqK cwieZ©b †KŠkj cÖKvk Ki‡Z n‡e| GLv‡b c~iY nqwb Ggb Pvwn`v I AwaKvi¸‡jvi eZ©gvb wnmve Ges H Pvwn`v¸‡jv c~i‡Yi Rb¨ †KŠk‡ji g‡a¨ cwieZ©b Avb‡Z n‡e| ¸YMZ Ae¯’v, wkÿv, cÖPvi, wU‡K _vKv Ges mvwe©K Askx`vwi‡Z¡i BwZevPK Dbœq‡b Kvh©Ki c`‡ÿc MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e|

5. `vZv‡ì mvov`vb: wkÿvi b~¨bZg gvb I wkÿvi my‡hvM wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ `vZv‡ì Riæwi wkÿv mvov`v‡bi gvb I cÖwZ‡e`b wbqwgZ ch©v‡jvPbv Kiv DwPZ| `y‡h©v‡M ÿwZMÖ¯Í GjvKvq, wkÿv myweavq mK‡ji mgvb cÖ‡ekvwaKv‡ii j‡ÿ¨ wec`vcbœ `‡ji wkÿv_x©‡ì aviYÿgZv Ges ZvwjKvfyw³i wel‡q we‡kl bRi w`‡Z n‡e| Ômgvb my‡hvMÕ evjK I evwjKv wkï, bexb I cÖvß eq¯‹ wkÿv_©x we‡kl K‡i cÖwZeÜxZv ev fvlvMZ I RvwZMZ †f`v‡f‡ì Kvi‡Y hviv cÖvwšÍK ch©v‡q i‡q‡Q Zv‡ì mgvb my‡hvM K‡i †`q| ÿwZMÖ¯Í Rb‡Mvôxi Rb¨ wkÿv myweav wbwðZ Ki‡Z wkÿv mvov`vb Znwej MV‡bi mgq cvwb, Lv`¨, AvkÖq I ¯^v¯’¨ Lv‡Z mvov`vb‡KI mgvb AMÖvwaKvi w`‡Z n‡e| AvkÖq`vZv †`‡ki kiYv_©x ev AvšÍt¯’vbPz¨Z Rb‡Mvôx‡K Gi g‡a¨ AšÍfz©³ Ki‡Z n‡e| mK‡ji Rb¨ wkÿvi AwaKvi envj ivLvi Rb¨ ch©vß Znwe‡ji eë¯’v ivLv †ek KwVb| ¯^í‡gqv`x Znwej P‡µi g‡a¨ Kvh©µg mxwgZ Kiv DwPZ bq Ges c~e©ve¯’vq wd‡i Avmvi mgq ch©šÍ GB Kvh©µg Pvjy ivLv DwPZ| (wb‡Pi wb‡`©wkKv 7, AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 1-2, c„ôv 55-57 Ges INEE Reference Guide: to External Edu-

cation Financing †`Lyb: www.ineesite.org/toolkit)

6. RvZxq Kg©m~wP kw³kvjxKiY: Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿv mvov`vb Kg©m~wP cÖviw¤¢K ˆkke Dbœqb, e„wËg~jK I RxweKv AR©‡bi wkÿvmn RvZxq wkÿv Kvh©µ‡gi mv‡_ Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿv mvov`vb Kvh©µ‡gi mgš^q I Zv Av‡ivI kw³kvjx Ki‡Z n‡e| RvZxq I ¯’vbxq wkÿv cwiKíbv, cÖkvmb Ges eë¯’vcbv, cvkvcvwk †fŠZ AeKvVv‡gv, Kg©iZ wkÿK‡ì cÖwkÿY I mnvqZv Kvh©µg Gi AšÍfz©³| msL¨vjNy I cÖwZeÜx `‡ji wkïmn mKj wkï‡ì GKxf‚Z wkÿv Ges fwel¨‡Z Av‡ivI fv‡jv wkÿv eë¯’vi Rb¨ Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿv mvov`vb I wkÿv KZ…©c‡ÿi GKmv‡_ KvR Kiv DwPZ (wkÿvbxwZ gvb 1, c„ôv 103-107 I wkÿvbxwZ gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 4, c„ôv 109 †`Lyb)|

7. Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z mvov`vb cÖ¯‘wZ Ges `y‡h©vM SuywK nªvm: msKUKvjxb mg‡qi ci c~e©ve¯’vq wd‡i Avmvi mg‡q I Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ cÖwZ‡ivaK‡í `y‡h©vM SzuwK nªvm I Riæwi mvov`vb cÖ¯‘wZi Rb¨ Dbœqb ms¯’v I `vZvmg~‡ni mnvqZv cÖ`vb Kiv DwPZ| `y‡h©vM SzuwK nªvm Ges cÖ¯‘wZ Kvh©µg mvkªqx I Kvh©Ki n‡Z cv‡i KviY GwU wkÿv

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KZ…©cÿ I mn‡hvMx cÖwZôvb KZ©„K fv‡jv cwiKíbv, mg¤^q I mvov`vb Kvh©µg Kiv hvq| `y‡h©vM SzuwK nªvm I cÖ¯‘wZ Kvh©µ‡g wewb‡qvM Kivi A_© Riæwi cwiw¯’wZi mgq Kg wewb‡qv‡Mi cÖ‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i|

8. mvsMVwbK evaëvaKZv‡K Rq Kiv: gvbweKZvi msMVbmg~n wkï, cÖv_wgK wkÿv A_ev kiYv_©x‡ì Rb¨ mxwgZ evaëvaKZv wb‡q GwU wbwðZ K‡i †h, Zv‡ì wkÿv mvov`vb Kvh©µg wkÿv KZ…©cÿ I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿv mswkøó cÿ‡ì (†÷K‡nvìvi‡ì) cwic~iK| mvwe©K wkÿv †KŠkjmg~n wb‡gœv³ welq¸‡jv †`L‡e:

cÖviw¤¢K ˆkke Dbœqb;GKxf‚Z cÖv_wgK wkÿv;gva¨wgK, D”P gva¨wgK I e„wËg~jK wkÿvmn bexb‡ì Pvwn`v;cÖvßeq¯‹ wkÿv;PvKzix c~e© I PvKzixKvjxb mg‡q wkÿK cÖwkÿY;

cÖvß eq¯‹ wkÿv_©x‡ì Rb¨ mvÿiZv I MYYv wkÿv, wbivcËv I myiÿvi Rb¨ Rxeb `ÿZv Dbœqb Ges m‡PZbZv (†hgb f~wggvBb m¤ú‡K© m‡PZbZv) e„w×i Rb¨ †KŠk‡j AcÖvwZôvwbK wkÿv Kvh©µg AšÍfz©³ Ki‡Z n‡e| †hme GjvKvq `y‡h©vM cieZ©x †jvKRb wd‡i G‡m‡Q †mme GjvKvq AwZwi³ K¬vm I e„wËg~jK cÖwkÿYmn `xN©‡gqv`x mnvqZv cÖ`vb Ki‡Z n‡e (mgš^q gvb 1, c„ôv 33-36 I wkÿY I wkLb gvb 1-2, c„ôv 75-83 †`Lyb)|

9. cÖv_wgK DcvË msMÖnKiY: ÔcÖv_wgK DcvËÕ ej‡Z byZb wkÿv Kvh©µg ïiæi c~‡e© DwÏó Rb‡Mvôxi wbKU †_‡K Z_¨ msMÖn Kiv eySvq| GwU Kg©x‡ì wkÿv cwiw¯’wZ eyS‡Z mnvqZv K‡i Ges cwiexÿY I g~j¨vq‡bi mgq cieZ©x‡Z †h mKj Z_¨ msMÖn Kiv n‡q‡Q Zvi mv‡_ wkÿv cwiw¯’wZi Zzjbv †evSvi Rb¨ cÖv_wgK DcvË wnmv‡e mvnvh¨ K‡i| cÖv_wgK DcvË msMÖn Aek¨B wbqg gvwdK n‡Z n‡e| D`vniY¯îƒc, RbmsL¨vi wewÿß DcvË, we`¨vj‡q Dcw¯’wZi nvi, wkÿK-Qv‡Îi AbycvZ BZ¨vw`| mvnvh¨ mn‡hvwMZvi mgq DcvË mywbw`©ó n‡Z cv‡i| †hgb, hw` ¯‹z‡j †g‡q‡ì Dcw¯’wZi nvi evov‡bvi D‡Ï‡k¨ GKwU Kg©m~wPi D‡`¨vM †bqv nq, Z‡e Kg©m~wP ïiæ nIqvi Av‡M †g‡q‡ì Dcw¯’wZi nvi cÖv_wgK DcvË wnmv‡e cÖ‡qvRb n‡e|

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`y‡h©vMRwbZ Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ †_‡K c~e©ve¯’vq wd‡i bv Avmv ch©šÍ wkÿv mvov`vb Kvh©µg wbqwgZ cwiexÿ‡Yi Rb¨ Kvh©Ki eë¯’v i‡q‡Q (wb‡`©wkKv 1 †`Lyb)|

mKj wkÿv_©x, wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x‡ì myiÿv I wbivcËv wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ wkÿv mvov`vb Kvh©µg cwiexÿY Kiv nq (wb‡`©wkKv 1 †`Lyb)|

wec`vcbœ gvbyl‡ì mv‡_ wbqwgZ civgk© Kiv, Zv‡ì‡K DcvË msMÖn c×wZ m¤ú‡K© cÖwkwÿZ Kiv Ges cwiexÿY Kv‡Ri mv‡_ m¤ú„³ Kiv (wb‡`©wkKv 2 †`Lyb)|

wewÿß wkÿv DcvË¸‡jv wbqwgZ Ges h_vh_fv‡e msMÖn Kiv Ges wkÿv mvov`vb Kvh©µ‡g Zv AewnZ Kiv (wb‡`©wkKv 3-4 †`Lyb)|

wkÿvi mv‡_ mswkøó mKj cÿ (†÷K‡nvìvi), we‡kl K‡i AvµvšÍ Ges wec`vcbœ Rb‡Mvôxi mv‡_ wkÿv DcvË¸‡jv wb‡q we‡kølY I wbqwgZ ch©v‡jvPbv Kiv nq (wb‡`©wkKv 3-4 †`Lyb)|

wb‡`©wkKv1. cwiexÿY: Kg©m~wP¸‡jv RbM‡Yi cwieZ©bkxj wkÿv Pvwn`v †gUv‡”Q wK-bv Ges

GB cwi‡cÖwÿ‡Z Zviv wKfv‡e mvov w`‡”Q Zvi cwigvcK n‡”Q cwiexÿY|

cwiexÿY wbwðZ K‡i †h, mvnv‡hï Rb¨ MÖnY Kiv c`‡ÿç‡jv cÖvmw½K I mvov`vqK;Dbœq‡bi m¤¢vebv‡K wPwýZ K‡i;Ø›Ø-msNvZ cÖkgb Ges `y‡h©vM SuywK n«v‡m Ae`vb iv‡L ;Revew`wnZv ˆZwi K‡i;

wkÿv Kvh©µ‡gi cwiKwíZ Ges AcwiKwíZ cÖfve †hb Awb”QvK…Zfv‡e cÖvwšÍKZv, êlg¨, Ø›Ø-msNvZ A_ev cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©vM e„w× bv K‡i Zv wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ cwiexÿY cÖ‡qvRb| cwiexÿ‡Yi Rb¨ cwiPvwjZ A‡NvwlZ cwi`k©b cwiexÿY Dcv‡Ëi êaZv e„w× Ki‡Z cv‡i|

wKfv‡e Pvwn`v Abyhvqx wewfbœ ai‡bi DcvË msMÖn Kiv n‡e Ges DcvË msMÖn I cÖwµqvKi‡Y wK ai‡bi m¤ú‡ì cÖ‡qvRb Zv cwiexÿY cwiKíbvi gva¨‡g wba©vwiZ n‡e| `ªæZ Pvwn`v I mgm¨v jÿ¨ K‡i, bgybvi wfwË‡Z ¯‹zj I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿv

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ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 3:cwiexÿY

wkÿv mvov`vb Kvh©µ‡gi wbqwgZ cwiexÿY Ges ÿwZMÖ¯Í Rb‡Mvôxi wkLb Pvwn`v ¯^vfvweKfv‡e cwiPvwjZ n‡”Q|

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Kg©m~wP †_‡K bvbv ai‡bi Z_¨ msMÖn Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| G Z_¨¸‡jv n‡jv:

fwZ© I S‡i cov msµvšÍ wewÿß DcvË;¯‹y‡j Avmvi Av‡M wkÿv_©xiv Lv`¨ MÖnY K‡i wKbv;cvV¨ eB, wkÿY I wkLb DcKi‡Yi mnRjf¨Zv|

¯‹zj ewnf‚©Z wkï I bexb Ges Zv‡ì ¯‹z‡j fwZ© bv nIqv ev ¯‹z‡j Dcw¯’Z bv nIqvi KviY Luy‡R †`Lvi Rb¨ evwo‡Z evwo‡Z wM‡q µgvMZ Z_¨ msMÖn K‡i cwiexÿY cwiPvjbv Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| cwiexÿY PjvKvjxb mg‡q gwnjv Ges wec`vcbœ gvby‡li K_v mivmwi †kvbv LyeB ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| hw` †Kv‡bv b„‡Mvôxi A_ev Ab¨vb¨ mvgvwRK `‡ji DcvË Lye ¯úk©KvZi nq I e¨vcKfv‡e msMÖn Kiv KwVb nq Z‡e bgybv Rwic I DcvbyôvwbK K‡_v‡cvK_‡bi g‡Zv gvbm¤§Z gZvgZ, mywbw`©ó `‡ji m`m¨‡ì mgm¨v¸‡jv‡K Zz‡j ai‡Z cv‡i|

wkÿv_©x, wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x Ges wkÿv AeKvVv‡gvi Kj¨vY I wbivcËv wewNœZ K‡i Ggb welq¸‡jv‡K cwiexÿY I G m¤úwK©Z cÖwZ‡e`b `vwLj Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| †hLv‡b mk¯¿ AvµgY, AcniY, wkï‡ì †Rvoc~e©K mk¯¿ evwnbx‡Z wb‡qvM, †RÛvi mwnsmZv A_ev cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©v‡Mi SuywK Av‡Q †mLv‡b cÖwZ‡e`b `vwL‡ji we‡kl cÖ‡qvRbxqZv Av‡Q| G ai‡bi cwiexÿ‡Y wbivcËv, b¨vqwePvi, myiÿv Ges gvbevwaKvi cÖwZôvi Rb¨ wkÿv mswkøó cÿ‡K (†÷K‡nvìvi‡ì) ¯’vbxq I RvZxq KZ©„cÿ A_ev RvwZmsN I †emiKvwi ms¯’vi mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM Kivi cÖ‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i| G‡ÿ‡Î cÖwZ‡e`‡bi Z‡_ï ms‡e`bkxjZv we‡ePbvq Avbv ¸iæZ¡c~Y©|

cÖ‡qvRb n‡j cwiexÿY Gi djvdj Abymv‡i Pjgvb wkÿv mvov`vb Kg©m~wPi cwieZ©b Ki‡Z n‡e|

2. cwiexÿ‡Y Rbm¤ú„³Zv: ÿwZMÖ¯Í Rb‡Mvôxi mKj `‡ji mvs¯‹…wZK ms‡e`bkxjZv we‡ePbvq †i‡L cwiexÿ‡Y RwoZ e¨w³‡ì Z_¨ msMÖn Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| G‡ÿ‡Î †RÛvi-mgZvi gva¨‡g cwiexÿY `j MVb, ¯’vbxq fvlvq K_v ejvi cvi`k©xZv Ges DcvË msMÖ‡n cÖwkÿY Riæwi| ¯’vbxq mvs¯‹…wZK AvPiY Abyhvqx bvix I msL¨vjNy m¤úª`v‡qi mv‡_ wek¦vm‡hvM¨ e¨w³i Avjv`vfv‡e K_v ejvi cÖ‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i|

ÿwZMÖ¯Í Rb‡Mvôxi Rxeb‡K mivmwi cÖfvweZ K‡i Ggb wkÿv Kg©m~wPi Zvrch© cwiexÿ‡Y hZ `ªæZ m¤¢e bexb m¤úª`vqmn ÿwZMÖ¯Í Rb‡Mvôxi cÖwZwbwa‡ì m¤ú„³ Ki‡Z n‡e| we‡kl `j †hgb wK‡kvix ev cÖwZeÜx wkÿv_©x‡ì Rb¨ cwiPvwjZ AcÖvwZôvwbK wkÿv Kvh©µ‡g GB cwiexÿY LyeB ¸iæZ¡c~Y© (ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 2, c„ôv 44; ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 4, wb‡`©wkKv 3, c„ôv 51 †`Lyb)|

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`y‡h©vMRwbZ Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ †_‡K c~e©ve¯’vq wd‡i bv Avmv ch©šÍ wkÿv mvov`vb Kvh©µg wbqwgZ cwiexÿ‡Yi Rb¨ Kvh©Ki eë¯’v i‡q‡Q (wb‡`©wkKv 1 †`Lyb)|

mKj wkÿv_©x, wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x‡ì myiÿv I wbivcËv wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ wkÿv mvov`vb Kvh©µg cwiexÿY Kiv nq (wb‡`©wkKv 1 †`Lyb)|

wec`vcbœ gvbyl‡ì mv‡_ wbqwgZ civgk© Kiv, Zv‡ì‡K DcvË msMÖn c×wZ m¤ú‡K© cÖwkwÿZ Kiv Ges cwiexÿY Kv‡Ri mv‡_ m¤ú„³ Kiv (wb‡`©wkKv 2 †`Lyb)|

wewÿß wkÿv DcvË¸‡jv wbqwgZ Ges h_vh_fv‡e msMÖn Kiv Ges wkÿv mvov`vb Kvh©µ‡g Zv AewnZ Kiv (wb‡`©wkKv 3-4 †`Lyb)|

wkÿvi mv‡_ mswkøó mKj cÿ (†÷K‡nvìvi), we‡kl K‡i AvµvšÍ Ges wec`vcbœ Rb‡Mvôxi mv‡_ wkÿv DcvË¸‡jv wb‡q we‡kølY I wbqwgZ ch©v‡jvPbv Kiv nq (wb‡`©wkKv 3-4 †`Lyb)|

wb‡`©wkKv1. cwiexÿY: Kg©m~wP¸‡jv RbM‡Yi cwieZ©bkxj wkÿv Pvwn`v †gUv‡”Q wK-bv Ges

GB cwi‡cÖwÿ‡Z Zviv wKfv‡e mvov w`‡”Q Zvi cwigvcK n‡”Q cwiexÿY|

cwiexÿY wbwðZ K‡i †h, mvnv‡hï Rb¨ MÖnY Kiv c`‡ÿç‡jv cÖvmw½K I mvov`vqK;Dbœq‡bi m¤¢vebv‡K wPwýZ K‡i;Ø›Ø-msNvZ cÖkgb Ges `y‡h©vM SuywK n«v‡m Ae`vb iv‡L ;Revew`wnZv ˆZwi K‡i;

wkÿv Kvh©µ‡gi cwiKwíZ Ges AcwiKwíZ cÖfve †hb Awb”QvK…Zfv‡e cÖvwšÍKZv, êlg¨, Ø›Ø-msNvZ A_ev cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©vM e„w× bv K‡i Zv wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ cwiexÿY cÖ‡qvRb| cwiexÿ‡Yi Rb¨ cwiPvwjZ A‡NvwlZ cwi`k©b cwiexÿY Dcv‡Ëi êaZv e„w× Ki‡Z cv‡i|

wKfv‡e Pvwn`v Abyhvqx wewfbœ ai‡bi DcvË msMÖn Kiv n‡e Ges DcvË msMÖn I cÖwµqvKi‡Y wK ai‡bi m¤ú‡ì cÖ‡qvRb Zv cwiexÿY cwiKíbvi gva¨‡g wba©vwiZ n‡e| `ªæZ Pvwn`v I mgm¨v jÿ¨ K‡i, bgybvi wfwË‡Z ¯‹zj I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿv

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ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 3:cwiexÿY

wkÿv mvov`vb Kvh©µ‡gi wbqwgZ cwiexÿY Ges ÿwZMÖ¯Í Rb‡Mvôxi wkLb Pvwn`v ¯^vfvweKfv‡e cwiPvwjZ n‡”Q|

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Kg©m~wP †_‡K bvbv ai‡bi Z_¨ msMÖn Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| G Z_¨¸‡jv n‡jv:

fwZ© I S‡i cov msµvšÍ wewÿß DcvË;¯‹y‡j Avmvi Av‡M wkÿv_©xiv Lv`¨ MÖnY K‡i wKbv;cvV¨ eB, wkÿY I wkLb DcKi‡Yi mnRjf¨Zv|

¯‹zj ewnf‚©Z wkï I bexb Ges Zv‡ì ¯‹z‡j fwZ© bv nIqv ev ¯‹z‡j Dcw¯’Z bv nIqvi KviY Luy‡R †`Lvi Rb¨ evwo‡Z evwo‡Z wM‡q µgvMZ Z_¨ msMÖn K‡i cwiexÿY cwiPvjbv Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| cwiexÿY PjvKvjxb mg‡q gwnjv Ges wec`vcbœ gvby‡li K_v mivmwi †kvbv LyeB ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| hw` †Kv‡bv b„‡Mvôxi A_ev Ab¨vb¨ mvgvwRK `‡ji DcvË Lye ¯úk©KvZi nq I e¨vcKfv‡e msMÖn Kiv KwVb nq Z‡e bgybv Rwic I DcvbyôvwbK K‡_v‡cvK_‡bi g‡Zv gvbm¤§Z gZvgZ, mywbw`©ó `‡ji m`m¨‡ì mgm¨v¸‡jv‡K Zz‡j ai‡Z cv‡i|

wkÿv_©x, wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x Ges wkÿv AeKvVv‡gvi Kj¨vY I wbivcËv wewNœZ K‡i Ggb welq¸‡jv‡K cwiexÿY I G m¤úwK©Z cÖwZ‡e`b `vwLj Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| †hLv‡b mk¯¿ AvµgY, AcniY, wkï‡ì †Rvoc~e©K mk¯¿ evwnbx‡Z wb‡qvM, †RÛvi mwnsmZv A_ev cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©v‡Mi SuywK Av‡Q †mLv‡b cÖwZ‡e`b `vwL‡ji we‡kl cÖ‡qvRbxqZv Av‡Q| G ai‡bi cwiexÿ‡Y wbivcËv, b¨vqwePvi, myiÿv Ges gvbevwaKvi cÖwZôvi Rb¨ wkÿv mswkøó cÿ‡K (†÷K‡nvìvi‡ì) ¯’vbxq I RvZxq KZ©„cÿ A_ev RvwZmsN I †emiKvwi ms¯’vi mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM Kivi cÖ‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i| G‡ÿ‡Î cÖwZ‡e`‡bi Z‡_ï ms‡e`bkxjZv we‡ePbvq Avbv ¸iæZ¡c~Y©|

cÖ‡qvRb n‡j cwiexÿY Gi djvdj Abymv‡i Pjgvb wkÿv mvov`vb Kg©m~wPi cwieZ©b Ki‡Z n‡e|

2. cwiexÿ‡Y Rbm¤ú„³Zv: ÿwZMÖ¯Í Rb‡Mvôxi mKj `‡ji mvs¯‹…wZK ms‡e`bkxjZv we‡ePbvq †i‡L cwiexÿ‡Y RwoZ e¨w³‡ì Z_¨ msMÖn Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| G‡ÿ‡Î †RÛvi-mgZvi gva¨‡g cwiexÿY `j MVb, ¯’vbxq fvlvq K_v ejvi cvi`k©xZv Ges DcvË msMÖ‡n cÖwkÿY Riæwi| ¯’vbxq mvs¯‹…wZK AvPiY Abyhvqx bvix I msL¨vjNy m¤úª`v‡qi mv‡_ wek¦vm‡hvM¨ e¨w³i Avjv`vfv‡e K_v ejvi cÖ‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i|

ÿwZMÖ¯Í Rb‡Mvôxi Rxeb‡K mivmwi cÖfvweZ K‡i Ggb wkÿv Kg©m~wPi Zvrch© cwiexÿ‡Y hZ `ªæZ m¤¢e bexb m¤úª`vqmn ÿwZMÖ¯Í Rb‡Mvôxi cÖwZwbwa‡ì m¤ú„³ Ki‡Z n‡e| we‡kl `j †hgb wK‡kvix ev cÖwZeÜx wkÿv_©x‡ì Rb¨ cwiPvwjZ AcÖvwZôvwbK wkÿv Kvh©µ‡g GB cwiexÿY LyeB ¸iæZ¡c~Y© (ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 2, c„ôv 44; ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 4, wb‡`©wkKv 3, c„ôv 51 †`Lyb)|

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3. wkÿv eë¯’vcbv Z_¨ msiÿY c×wZ: wkÿv eë¯’vcbv Z_¨ msiÿY c×wZ mvaviYZ RvZxq KZ©„cÿ Øviv wbqwš¿Z Ges GB wkÿv eë¯’vcbv Z_¨ msiÿY c×wZB wkÿv DcvË we‡kølY I GKÎxKiY K‡i _v‡K| hw` wkÿv eë¯’vcbvq Z_¨ msiÿY c×wZ we`¨gvb _v‡K Z‡e Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z Zv wejyß n‡Z cv‡i A_ev GUv‡K AviI DbœZ Kivi cÖ‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i| RvZxq wkÿv eë¯’vcbv Z_¨ msiÿY c×wZ A_ev Giƒc welq¸‡jvi Dbœqb A_ev cybe©vm‡bi Rb¨ RvZxq, AvÂwjK Ges ¯’vbxq ch©v‡q mÿgZv ˆZwii cÖ‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i| ˆZwi mÿgZv mswkøó RbMY‡K Z_¨ msMÖn, wbqš¿Y, e¨vL¨v, eënvi I Av`vb-cÖ`v‡b mnvqZv K‡i| cybM©Vb ch©v‡q miKvwi KZ…©cÿ‡K mv‡_ wb‡q GKwU Kg© c×wZ ˆZwii j‡ÿ¨ hZ `ªæZ m¤¢e GwU ïiæ Kiv DwPZ (mgš^q gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 3, c„ôv 34-35; wkÿvbxwZ gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 5, c„ôv 106; wkÿvbxwZ gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 4, c„ôv 109 †`Lyb)|

wkÿv eë¯’vcbv Z_¨ msiÿY c×wZ‡Z GK‡hv‡M eënvi‡hvM¨ mdUIqvi Ges nvW©Iqvi Avek¨K| RvZxq I †Rjv ch©v‡qi wkÿv `ßi I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿv welqK †ÿÎ †hgb- RvZxq cÖwkÿY BÝwUwUD‡U Z_¨ Av`vb cÖ`v‡b Dchy³ DcKiY _vK‡Z n‡e| we‡kl mdUIqvi hy³ †gvevBj †dvb DcvË msMÖn‡K DbœZ Ki‡Z cv‡i, wKš‘ Ach©vß m¤ú‡ì Kvi‡Y †h mg¯Í GjvKvq cÖhyw³i Afve i‡q‡Q †mLv‡b DcvË msMÖn eÜ K‡i †`qv DwPZ bq|

4. wkÿv_©x‡ì cwiexÿY: GKwU †Kvm© PjvKvjxb mg‡q Ges †kl nIqvi ci hLbB m¤¢e wkÿv_©x‡ì cwiexÿY Kiv DwPZ| ¸YMZ I cwigvYMZ wbiƒc‡Yi gva¨‡g cwiPvwjZ cwiexÿ‡Y †h welq¸‡jv _vK‡e:

†QvU wkï‡ì mœvqweK, eyw×e„wËK Ges g‡bv mvgvwRK Dbœqb;mvÿiZv I MYbv welqK `ÿZvi aviYÿgZv;g~j Rxeb `ÿZv welqK m‡PZbZv I Zvi eënvi;mvÿiZv cieZ©x cvV DcKi‡Yi AwfMg¨Zv;

e„wËg~jK wkÿvi †ÿ‡Î cwiexÿY wkÿv_©x‡ì PvKzixi my‡hvM Ae¨vnZ ivL‡e| wkÿv_©x‡ì †Kvm© cieZ©x cwiexÿY Kg©m~wPi bKkv cÖYq‡b g~jëvb gZvgZ mieivn K‡i| (wkÿY I wkLb gvb 4, c„ôv 86-87 †`Lyb Ges AviI †`Lyb SEEP Network Minimum Standards for Economic Recovery offer Cri-sis Employment Creation Standard and Enterprise Development Stan-dards)|

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wkÿv mvov`vb Kg©m~wPi wbqwgZ g~j¨vqb DcvËmg~n‡K ¯^”Q I wek¦vm‡hvM¨ K‡i †Zv‡j Ges fwel¨Z wkÿv Kg©m~wP m¤ú‡K© AewnZ K‡i (wb‡`©wkKv 1-2 †`Lyb)|

AvµvšÍ Rb‡Mvôxi cÖwZwbwa I wkÿv KZ©„cÿmn mKj †÷K‡nvìviiv g~j¨vqb Kvh©µ‡gi AšÍf©y³ (wb‡`©wkKv 3 †`Lyb)|

wkLb I fv‡jv Abky xjb¸‡jv we¯vÍ wiZ Av‡jvPbv Kiv nq Ges fwel¨Z GW‡fv‡Kmx, Kvhµ© g I bxwZgvjv m¤ú‡K© AewnZ K‡i (wb‡`w© kKv 4 †`Lby )|

wb‡`©wkKv1. cwiexÿY I g~j¨vqb Gi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨: wkÿv Kg©m~wPi jÿ¨ I D‡Ïk¨ AR©‡bi g~j

Pvwe n‡jv cwiexÿY I g~j¨vqb| cwiexÿY n‡jv GKwU Pjgvb cÖwµqv hv wbqwgZfv‡e wkÿv Kg©m~wPi jÿ¨ I D‡Ï‡kï AMÖMwZ cwigvc K‡i| GwU wkÿv Kvh©µ‡gi Kg©x‡ì Kvh©µg PjvKvjxb mg‡q Kg©m~wP cwieZ©‡bi AbygwZ †`q, hv wkÿv Kg©m~wPi jÿ¨ I D‡Ïk¨ AR©b mwVK c‡_ Pj‡Q GB wbðqZv †`q|

g~j¨vqb evi evi nq bv, GwU mvaviYZ Kvh©µ‡gi gvSvgvwS ev †k‡li w`‡K cwiPvwjZ nq Ges evB‡ii ev ¯^Zš¿ †Kv‡bv e¨w³ Øviv g~j¨vqb m¤úvw`Z nq| GwU Kg©m~wPi †h Kvw•LZ djvdj AwR©Z n‡q‡Q Zv g~j¨vqb Ges cwigvc K‡i| Kg©m~wP¸‡jv cÖweavb I bxwZ Abyhvqx cÖvmw½K wQ‡jv wKbv Ges `ÿ c×wZ‡Z ev¯ÍevwqZ n‡q‡Q wKbv g~j¨vqb Zv Zz‡j a‡i|

2. wkÿv mvov`vb Kvh©µ‡gi g~j¨vqb: wkÿv mvov`vb Kvh©µg g~j¨vq‡bi mgq wKQz †KŠkj Ges c×wZ eënvi Kiv DwPZ hv Kg©m~wPi djvdj I cÖfve‡K wek¦vm‡hvM¨ Ki‡e, hv fwel¨Z KiYxq m¤ú‡K© AewnZ Ki‡e| ÔcÖfveÕ n‡jv gvby‡li Rxe‡b cwieZ©b G‡b‡Q †mme cwieZ©‡bi cwigvc| †RÛvi Ges eqm Øviv wewÿß ¸YMZ I cwigvYMZ DcvË Lye ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| cwigvYMZ DcvË ej‡Z eySvq hv MYbv Kiv hvq| G¸‡jv ¯‹z‡j fwZ©, Dcw¯’wZ, S‡i cov Ges AR©‡bi djvdj cwigvc K‡i| ¸YMZ DcvË n‡jv †m mg¯Í e¯‘ hv msL¨v Øviv cwigvc Kiv hvq bv| GUv cÖwµqvmg~n Ges djvdj eyS‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i| ¯‹zj ev wkÿv †K‡›`ª wK N‡U‡Q Ges ¯‹z‡j fwZ©, Dcw¯’wZ, S‡i covi nv‡ii KviY m¤ú‡K© Z_¨ cÖ`vb BZ¨vw` ¸YMZ|

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ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 4:g~j¨vqb

wbqggvwdK I wbi‡cÿ g~j¨vqb wkÿv mvov`vb Kvh©µg‡K DbœZ K‡i Ges Gi Revew`wnZv e„w× K‡i|


3. wkÿv eë¯’vcbv Z_¨ msiÿY c×wZ: wkÿv eë¯’vcbv Z_¨ msiÿY c×wZ mvaviYZ RvZxq KZ©„cÿ Øviv wbqwš¿Z Ges GB wkÿv eë¯’vcbv Z_¨ msiÿY c×wZB wkÿv DcvË we‡kølY I GKÎxKiY K‡i _v‡K| hw` wkÿv eë¯’vcbvq Z_¨ msiÿY c×wZ we`¨gvb _v‡K Z‡e Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z Zv wejyß n‡Z cv‡i A_ev GUv‡K AviI DbœZ Kivi cÖ‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i| RvZxq wkÿv eë¯’vcbv Z_¨ msiÿY c×wZ A_ev Giƒc welq¸‡jvi Dbœqb A_ev cybe©vm‡bi Rb¨ RvZxq, AvÂwjK Ges ¯’vbxq ch©v‡q mÿgZv ˆZwii cÖ‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i| ˆZwi mÿgZv mswkøó RbMY‡K Z_¨ msMÖn, wbqš¿Y, e¨vL¨v, eënvi I Av`vb-cÖ`v‡b mnvqZv K‡i| cybM©Vb ch©v‡q miKvwi KZ…©cÿ‡K mv‡_ wb‡q GKwU Kg© c×wZ ˆZwii j‡ÿ¨ hZ `ªæZ m¤¢e GwU ïiæ Kiv DwPZ (mgš^q gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 3, c„ôv 34-35; wkÿvbxwZ gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 5, c„ôv 106; wkÿvbxwZ gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 4, c„ôv 109 †`Lyb)|

wkÿv eë¯’vcbv Z_¨ msiÿY c×wZ‡Z GK‡hv‡M eënvi‡hvM¨ mdUIqvi Ges nvW©Iqvi Avek¨K| RvZxq I †Rjv ch©v‡qi wkÿv `ßi I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿv welqK †ÿÎ †hgb- RvZxq cÖwkÿY BÝwUwUD‡U Z_¨ Av`vb cÖ`v‡b Dchy³ DcKiY _vK‡Z n‡e| we‡kl mdUIqvi hy³ †gvevBj †dvb DcvË msMÖn‡K DbœZ Ki‡Z cv‡i, wKš‘ Ach©vß m¤ú‡ì Kvi‡Y †h mg¯Í GjvKvq cÖhyw³i Afve i‡q‡Q †mLv‡b DcvË msMÖn eÜ K‡i †`qv DwPZ bq|

4. wkÿv_©x‡ì cwiexÿY: GKwU †Kvm© PjvKvjxb mg‡q Ges †kl nIqvi ci hLbB m¤¢e wkÿv_©x‡ì cwiexÿY Kiv DwPZ| ¸YMZ I cwigvYMZ wbiƒc‡Yi gva¨‡g cwiPvwjZ cwiexÿ‡Y †h welq¸‡jv _vK‡e:

†QvU wkï‡ì mœvqweK, eyw×e„wËK Ges g‡bv mvgvwRK Dbœqb;mvÿiZv I MYbv welqK `ÿZvi aviYÿgZv;g~j Rxeb `ÿZv welqK m‡PZbZv I Zvi eënvi;mvÿiZv cieZ©x cvV DcKi‡Yi AwfMg¨Zv;

e„wËg~jK wkÿvi †ÿ‡Î cwiexÿY wkÿv_©x‡ì PvKzixi my‡hvM Ae¨vnZ ivL‡e| wkÿv_©x‡ì †Kvm© cieZ©x cwiexÿY Kg©m~wPi bKkv cÖYq‡b g~jëvb gZvgZ mieivn K‡i| (wkÿY I wkLb gvb 4, c„ôv 86-87 †`Lyb Ges AviI †`Lyb SEEP Network Minimum Standards for Economic Recovery offer Cri-sis Employment Creation Standard and Enterprise Development Stan-dards)|

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49


wkÿv mvov`vb Kg©m~wPi wbqwgZ g~j¨vqb DcvËmg~n‡K ¯^”Q I wek¦vm‡hvM¨ K‡i †Zv‡j Ges fwel¨Z wkÿv Kg©m~wP m¤ú‡K© AewnZ K‡i (wb‡`©wkKv 1-2 †`Lyb)|

AvµvšÍ Rb‡Mvôxi cÖwZwbwa I wkÿv KZ©„cÿmn mKj †÷K‡nvìviiv g~j¨vqb Kvh©µ‡gi AšÍf©y³ (wb‡`©wkKv 3 †`Lyb)|

wkLb I fv‡jv Abky xjb¸‡jv we¯vÍ wiZ Av‡jvPbv Kiv nq Ges fwel¨Z GW‡fv‡Kmx, Kvhµ© g I bxwZgvjv m¤ú‡K© AewnZ K‡i (wb‡`w© kKv 4 †`Lby )|

wb‡`©wkKv1. cwiexÿY I g~j¨vqb Gi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨: wkÿv Kg©m~wPi jÿ¨ I D‡Ïk¨ AR©‡bi g~j

Pvwe n‡jv cwiexÿY I g~j¨vqb| cwiexÿY n‡jv GKwU Pjgvb cÖwµqv hv wbqwgZfv‡e wkÿv Kg©m~wPi jÿ¨ I D‡Ï‡kï AMÖMwZ cwigvc K‡i| GwU wkÿv Kvh©µ‡gi Kg©x‡ì Kvh©µg PjvKvjxb mg‡q Kg©m~wP cwieZ©‡bi AbygwZ †`q, hv wkÿv Kg©m~wPi jÿ¨ I D‡Ïk¨ AR©b mwVK c‡_ Pj‡Q GB wbðqZv †`q|

g~j¨vqb evi evi nq bv, GwU mvaviYZ Kvh©µ‡gi gvSvgvwS ev †k‡li w`‡K cwiPvwjZ nq Ges evB‡ii ev ¯^Zš¿ †Kv‡bv e¨w³ Øviv g~j¨vqb m¤úvw`Z nq| GwU Kg©m~wPi †h Kvw•LZ djvdj AwR©Z n‡q‡Q Zv g~j¨vqb Ges cwigvc K‡i| Kg©m~wP¸‡jv cÖweavb I bxwZ Abyhvqx cÖvmw½K wQ‡jv wKbv Ges `ÿ c×wZ‡Z ev¯ÍevwqZ n‡q‡Q wKbv g~j¨vqb Zv Zz‡j a‡i|

2. wkÿv mvov`vb Kvh©µ‡gi g~j¨vqb: wkÿv mvov`vb Kvh©µg g~j¨vq‡bi mgq wKQz †KŠkj Ges c×wZ eënvi Kiv DwPZ hv Kg©m~wPi djvdj I cÖfve‡K wek¦vm‡hvM¨ Ki‡e, hv fwel¨Z KiYxq m¤ú‡K© AewnZ Ki‡e| ÔcÖfveÕ n‡jv gvby‡li Rxe‡b cwieZ©b G‡b‡Q †mme cwieZ©‡bi cwigvc| †RÛvi Ges eqm Øviv wewÿß ¸YMZ I cwigvYMZ DcvË Lye ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| cwigvYMZ DcvË ej‡Z eySvq hv MYbv Kiv hvq| G¸‡jv ¯‹z‡j fwZ©, Dcw¯’wZ, S‡i cov Ges AR©‡bi djvdj cwigvc K‡i| ¸YMZ DcvË n‡jv †m mg¯Í e¯‘ hv msL¨v Øviv cwigvc Kiv hvq bv| GUv cÖwµqvmg~n Ges djvdj eyS‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i| ¯‹zj ev wkÿv †K‡›`ª wK N‡U‡Q Ges ¯‹z‡j fwZ©, Dcw¯’wZ, S‡i covi nv‡ii KviY m¤ú‡K© Z_¨ cÖ`vb BZ¨vw` ¸YMZ|

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ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 4:g~j¨vqb

wbqggvwdK I wbi‡cÿ g~j¨vqb wkÿv mvov`vb Kvh©µg‡K DbœZ K‡i Ges Gi Revew`wnZv e„w× K‡i|


Dcv‡Ëi AšÍf©y³ (ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 2, c„ôv 37-38; mgš^q gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 3, c„ôv 34-35 †`Lyb)|

3. g~j¨vq‡bi gva¨‡g mÿgZv e„w×: wkÿv_©x, KwgDwbwU cÖwZwbwa Ges wkÿv KZ©„cÿmn mswkøó †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì Rb¨ mÿgZv e„w× Kg©kvjvi Rb¨ g~j¨vqb ev‡RU Ki‡Z n‡e| GB Kg©kvjv g~j¨vq‡bi cwiwPwZ Ges e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cv‡i, ¯^”QZv I AskMÖn‡Yi wfwË‡Z g~j¨vqb cwiKíbv ˆZwi, mswkøó †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì ch©v‡jvPbv I djvdj‡K GKmv‡_ e¨vL¨v Kivi AbygwZ †`q| DcvË msMÖ‡ni wbf©yjZv hvPvB‡qi Rb¨ wkÿv_©x, wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x‡ì g~j¨vqb cÖwµqvq m¤ú„³ n‡Z n‡e Ges mycvwikgvjv ˆZwi‡Z mnvqZv Kiv DwPZ hvi cÖK…Z ev¯ÍZevqb Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| D`vniY¯îƒc, cÖ¯ÍvweZ mycvwikgvjv †_‡K cÖvß ev¯Íe mgm¨v¸‡jvi cÖwZ wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©xiv `„wó w`‡Z cv‡i (ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 2, c„ôv 44; ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 3, wb‡`©wkKv 2, c„ôv 48 Ges wkÿvbxwZ gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 4, c„ôv 109 †`Lyb)|

4. g~j¨vqb djvdj Av‡jvPbv I AwR©Z wkÿv: KwgDwbwU m`m¨mn mK‡ji mv‡_ g~j¨vqb cÖwZ‡e`‡bi g~j djvdj we‡kl K‡i mycvwikgvjv I AwR©Z wkÿv wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z n‡e| G¸‡jv fwel¨Z KvR m¤ú‡K© Rvbv‡e| Ø›Ø-msNvZ Ges Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ Gwo‡q Pjvi Rb¨ ev hviv bvgwenxb I ms‡e`bkxj DcvË cÖ`vb K‡i †m mKj DcvË cwinvi Kivi Rb¨ ms‡e`bkxj DcvË¸‡jv Lye mZK©Zvi mv‡_ eënvi Kiv DwPZ (mgš^q gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 3 I 5, c„ôv 34 I 35 I wkÿvbxwZ gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 2, c„ôv 108 †`Lyb)|

GB gvb¸‡jv ev¯Íevq‡b GB Uzj¸‡jv mvnvh¨ Ki‡e INEE Toolkit:

www.ineesite.org/toolkitNEE Toolkit:

INEE Toolkit:

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3. g~j¨vq‡bi gva¨‡g mÿgZv e„w×: wkÿv_©x, KwgDwbwU cÖwZwbwa Ges wkÿv KZ©„cÿmn mswkøó †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì Rb¨ mÿgZv e„w× Kg©kvjvi Rb¨ g~j¨vqb ev‡RU Ki‡Z n‡e| GB Kg©kvjv g~j¨vq‡bi cwiwPwZ Ges e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cv‡i, ¯^”QZv I AskMÖn‡Yi wfwË‡Z g~j¨vqb cwiKíbv ˆZwi, mswkøó †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì ch©v‡jvPbv I djvdj‡K GKmv‡_ e¨vL¨v Kivi AbygwZ †`q| DcvË msMÖ‡ni wbf©yjZv hvPvB‡qi Rb¨ wkÿv_©x, wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x‡ì g~j¨vqb cÖwµqvq m¤ú„³ n‡Z n‡e Ges mycvwikgvjv ˆZwi‡Z mnvqZv Kiv DwPZ hvi cÖK…Z ev¯ÍZevqb Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| D`vniY¯îƒc, cÖ¯ÍvweZ mycvwikgvjv †_‡K cÖvß ev¯Íe mgm¨v¸‡jvi cÖwZ wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©xiv `„wó w`‡Z cv‡i (ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 2, c„ôv 44; ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 3, wb‡`©wkKv 2, c„ôv 48 Ges wkÿvbxwZ gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 4, c„ôv 109 †`Lyb)|

4. g~j¨vqb djvdj Av‡jvPbv I AwR©Z wkÿv: KwgDwbwU m`m¨mn mK‡ji mv‡_ g~j¨vqb cÖwZ‡e`‡bi g~j djvdj we‡kl K‡i mycvwikgvjv I AwR©Z wkÿv wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z n‡e| G¸‡jv fwel¨Z KvR m¤ú‡K© Rvbv‡e| Ø›Ø-msNvZ Ges Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ Gwo‡q Pjvi Rb¨ ev hviv bvgwenxb I ms‡e`bkxj DcvË cÖ`vb K‡i †m mKj DcvË cwinvi Kivi Rb¨ ms‡e`bkxj DcvË¸‡jv Lye mZK©Zvi mv‡_ eënvi Kiv DwPZ (mgš^q gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 3 I 5, c„ôv 34 I 35 I wkÿvbxwZ gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 2, c„ôv 108 †`Lyb)|


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Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© AwaKvi I m¤ú` wn‡m‡e wk¶vq AwfMg¨Zv AZ¨šÍ mxwgZ n‡q Av‡m| `y‡h©v‡M ÿwZMÖ¯Í Rb‡Mvôx‡K cwiw¯’wZi mv‡_ gvwb‡q wb‡Z Ges ¯^vfvweK Rxe‡b wdwi‡q Avmvi †ÿ‡Î wkÿv AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv cvjb K‡i| wk¶v Rxeb i¶vKvix Ávb Ges wU‡K _vKvi `¶Zvi †hvMvb w`‡Z cv‡i Ges GwU Ggb GKwU cwieZ©‡bi my‡hvM K‡i †`q; hv wkÿvq mK‡ji AskMªnY Ges gvb e„w×‡Z mnvqZv K‡i|

Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿv‡K Zvi c~e©ve¯’vq wdwi‡q wb‡q Avmv †ek RwUj| GLv‡b GKwU mgm¨v n‡jv, bZzbfv‡e wec`vcbœ gvbyl wk¶vi my‡hvM cv‡e bv A_ev Av‡MKvi SuywKi aib Ges evavmg~n Riæwi mvov`vb‡K cÖfvweZ K‡i| G‡ÿ‡Î, RvZxq ch©v‡qi KZ©„c¶, KwgDwbwU Ges gvbevwaKvi msMVb¸‡jvi `vwqZ¡ n‡jv cÖ‡Z¨K e¨w³i wbivc` wkLb cwi‡e‡k cÖvmw½K I gvbm¤§Z wk¶vi AwfMg¨Zv wbwðZ Kiv| GwU wk¶v_©x, wk¶K I Ab¨vb¨ wk¶vKg©x‡ì kvixwiK myi¶v Ges g‡bv-mvgvwRK Kj¨vY e„w× K‡i|

wk¶v_©x, wk¶K I Ab¨vb¨ wk¶vKg©xMY wk¶v †K‡›`ª Avmv hvIqvi mgq GgbwK we`¨gvb wkLb cwi‡e‡ki g‡aÏ cÖvqB kvixwiK I gvbwmK SuywKi m¤§yLxb nb| d‡j Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ †_‡K c~e©ve¯’vq wd‡i bv Avmvi mgq ch©©šÍ wk¶v Kvh©µg kvixwiK I g‡bv-mvgvwRK myi¶v w`‡Z cv‡i| A¯’vqx I ¯’vqx wk¶v eë¯’v †hgb-¯‹zj, wkLb¯’vb I wkïevÜe RvqMv¸‡jvi Ae¯’vb, bKkv I wbg©vY Ggb nIqv DwPZ; hv‡Z m¤¢ve¨ mKj Avc‡` wU‡K _vK‡Z cv‡i Ges hviv Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z †mev cÖ`v‡b B”QzK; Zv‡ì AwfMg¨Zv wbwðZ nq|

wbivc` wk¶v eë¯’v wk¶vi avivevwnKZv‡K wbwðZ Kivi cvkvcvwk wkÿY I wkL‡bi evavmg~n‡K Kwg‡q Av‡b| d‡j wkÿvi my‡hvM ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi Kvh©µ‡gi †K›`ªwe›`y n‡Z cv‡i Ges `vwi`ª¨, wbi¶iZv I †ivM wbivg‡qi †ÿ‡Î Ae`vb ivL‡Z cv‡i| d‡j Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ m„wói Av‡M †h mKj GjvKvq Amg wk¶vi cÖPjb wQj, †mLv‡b wbivc` I AwaKZi b¨vqm½Z wk¶vi my‡hvM m„wói gva¨‡g kvwšÍ ¯’vc‡b ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Ae`vb ivLv m¤¢e|

êl‡g¨ gva¨‡g KvD‡KB wkÿvi AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi my‡hvM †_‡K ewÂZ Kiv DwPZ bq| wk¶vi my‡hvM cvevi †¶‡Î †h me cÖwZeÜKZv i‡q‡Q Zv n«vm Ki‡Z Ges wk¶vi AwaKvi c~iY Ki‡Z AvbyôvwbK I DcvbyôvwbK wk¶v‡mev Kg©m~wP cÖ`vb Ki‡Z n‡e| †Q‡j I †g‡q‡ì wewfbœ iK‡gi SuywK Ges mywbw`©ó †RÛvi êl‡gï †¶‡Î mKj wk¶vKgx©‡KB mRvM _vK‡Z n‡e| GB SuywK¸‡jv Kgv‡Z wewfbœ iKg c`‡¶c wb‡Z n‡e| êlg¨ bvbv Kvi‡Y n‡Z cv‡i, †hgb: wkÿv wd, fvlv Ges wewfbœ iK‡gi kvixwiK cÖwZeÜKZv; hvi d‡j †Kv‡bv we‡kl ai‡bi Rb‡Mvôx wkÿvi AwaKvi †_‡K ewÂZ n‡Z cv‡i|

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Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© AwaKvi I m¤ú` wn‡m‡e wk¶vq AwfMg¨Zv AZ¨šÍ mxwgZ n‡q Av‡m| `y‡h©v‡M ÿwZMÖ¯Í Rb‡Mvôx‡K cwiw¯’wZi mv‡_ gvwb‡q wb‡Z Ges ¯^vfvweK Rxe‡b wdwi‡q Avmvi †ÿ‡Î wkÿv AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv cvjb K‡i| wk¶v Rxeb i¶vKvix Ávb Ges wU‡K _vKvi `¶Zvi †hvMvb w`‡Z cv‡i Ges GwU Ggb GKwU cwieZ©‡bi my‡hvM K‡i †`q; hv wkÿvq mK‡ji AskMªnY Ges gvb e„w×‡Z mnvqZv K‡i|

Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿv‡K Zvi c~e©ve¯’vq wdwi‡q wb‡q Avmv †ek RwUj| GLv‡b GKwU mgm¨v n‡jv, bZzbfv‡e wec`vcbœ gvbyl wk¶vi my‡hvM cv‡e bv A_ev Av‡MKvi SuywKi aib Ges evavmg~n Riæwi mvov`vb‡K cÖfvweZ K‡i| G‡ÿ‡Î, RvZxq ch©v‡qi KZ©„c¶, KwgDwbwU Ges gvbevwaKvi msMVb¸‡jvi `vwqZ¡ n‡jv cÖ‡Z¨K e¨w³i wbivc` wkLb cwi‡e‡k cÖvmw½K I gvbm¤§Z wk¶vi AwfMg¨Zv wbwðZ Kiv| GwU wk¶v_©x, wk¶K I Ab¨vb¨ wk¶vKg©x‡ì kvixwiK myi¶v Ges g‡bv-mvgvwRK Kj¨vY e„w× K‡i|

wk¶v_©x, wk¶K I Ab¨vb¨ wk¶vKg©xMY wk¶v †K‡›`ª Avmv hvIqvi mgq GgbwK we`¨gvb wkLb cwi‡e‡ki g‡aÏ cÖvqB kvixwiK I gvbwmK SuywKi m¤§yLxb nb| d‡j Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ †_‡K c~e©ve¯’vq wd‡i bv Avmvi mgq ch©©šÍ wk¶v Kvh©µg kvixwiK I g‡bv-mvgvwRK myi¶v w`‡Z cv‡i| A¯’vqx I ¯’vqx wk¶v eë¯’v †hgb-¯‹zj, wkLb¯’vb I wkïevÜe RvqMv¸‡jvi Ae¯’vb, bKkv I wbg©vY Ggb nIqv DwPZ; hv‡Z m¤¢ve¨ mKj Avc‡` wU‡K _vK‡Z cv‡i Ges hviv Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z †mev cÖ`v‡b B”QzK; Zv‡ì AwfMg¨Zv wbwðZ nq|

wbivc` wk¶v eë¯’v wk¶vi avivevwnKZv‡K wbwðZ Kivi cvkvcvwk wkÿY I wkL‡bi evavmg~n‡K Kwg‡q Av‡b| d‡j wkÿvi my‡hvM ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi Kvh©µ‡gi †K›`ªwe›`y n‡Z cv‡i Ges `vwi`ª¨, wbi¶iZv I †ivM wbivg‡qi †ÿ‡Î Ae`vb ivL‡Z cv‡i| d‡j Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ m„wói Av‡M †h mKj GjvKvq Amg wk¶vi cÖPjb wQj, †mLv‡b wbivc` I AwaKZi b¨vqm½Z wk¶vi my‡hvM m„wói gva¨‡g kvwšÍ ¯’vc‡b ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Ae`vb ivLv m¤¢e|

êl‡g¨ gva¨‡g KvD‡KB wkÿvi AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi my‡hvM †_‡K ewÂZ Kiv DwPZ bq| wk¶vi my‡hvM cvevi †¶‡Î †h me cÖwZeÜKZv i‡q‡Q Zv n«vm Ki‡Z Ges wk¶vi AwaKvi c~iY Ki‡Z AvbyôvwbK I DcvbyôvwbK wk¶v‡mev Kg©m~wP cÖ`vb Ki‡Z n‡e| †Q‡j I †g‡q‡ì wewfbœ iK‡gi SuywK Ges mywbw`©ó †RÛvi êl‡gï †¶‡Î mKj wk¶vKgx©‡KB mRvM _vK‡Z n‡e| GB SuywK¸‡jv Kgv‡Z wewfbœ iKg c`‡¶c wb‡Z n‡e| êlg¨ bvbv Kvi‡Y n‡Z cv‡i, †hgb: wkÿv wd, fvlv Ges wewfbœ iK‡gi kvixwiK cÖwZeÜKZv; hvi d‡j †Kv‡bv we‡kl ai‡bi Rb‡Mvôx wkÿvi AwaKvi †_‡K ewÂZ n‡Z cv‡i|

54Aa¨vq `yB: AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek

KiYxq (wb‡`©wkKvmn co‡Z n‡e)

êl‡gï Kvi‡Y †Kv‡bv e¨w³ ev we‡kl †Mvôx wkÿvq AwfMg¨Zv Ges wkL‡bi my‡hvM †_‡K ewÂZ n‡e bv (wb‡`©wkKv 1 †`Lyb)|

wkÿvi AeKvVv‡gv Ges ¯’vb mK‡ji cÖ‡ek‡hvM¨ n‡e (wb‡`©wkKv 1 †`Lyb)|

fwZ© cÖwµqvq mKj ai‡bi cÖwZeÜKZv `~i n‡q‡Q, †hgb cÖ‡qvRbxq bw_cÎ cÖ`vb, BZ¨vw` (wb‡`©wkKv 2 Ges 4 †`Lyb)|

ÿwZMÖ¯Í Rb‡Mvôxi wk¶v Pvwn`v c~i‡Y GKwU bgbxq, AvbyôvwbK I DcvbyôvwbK wk¶vi my‡hvM µgvš^‡q mieivn Kiv n‡q‡Q (wb‡`©wkKv 3-5 †`Lyb)|

cÖwk¶Y I ms‡e`bkxjZvi gva¨‡g mKj wkï, bexb I cÖvßeq¯‹‡ì gvbm¤úbœ I cÖvmw½K wk¶vi AwaKvi wbwðZ Kivi welqwU‡Z ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi m¤ú„³Zv µgvš^‡q †e‡o‡Q (wb‡`©wkKv 6-7 †`Lyb)|

wk¶v Kvh©µ‡gi avivevwnKZv, wkÿvq mvg¨Zv I gvb wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq m¤ú‡ì mieivn i‡q‡Q (wb‡`©wkKv 8 †`Lyb)|

Riæwi cwiw¯’wZi Kvi‡Y wkÿv †_‡K wew”Qbœ nIqvi ci hZ kxNª m¤¢e wk¶v_©x‡ì AvbyôvwbK wk¶v c×wZ‡Z cÖ‡ek A_ev cybtcÖ‡e‡ki my‡hvM i‡q‡Q (wb‡`©wkKv 9 †`Lyb)|

`y‡h©vM kiYv_©x‡ì Rb¨ wk¶v Kg©m~wP wbR wbR †`‡ki mv‡_ Ges mswkøó ¯’vbxq wk¶v KZ©„c¶ Øviv ¯^xK…Z n‡q‡Q|

ÿwZMÖ¯Í Rb‡Mvôxi Rb¨ wk¶v Kg©m~wP Avkªq`vZv Rb‡Mvôxi Ici †bwZevPK cÖfve †dj‡Q bv|

wb‡`©wkKv1. êlg¨: wj½, eqm, cÖwZeÜxZv, GBPAvBwfi gvÎv, RvZxqZv, eY©, RvwZ, Avwèvmx,

esk, †MvÎ, ag©, fvlv, ms¯‹…wZ, ivR‰bwZK †hvMv‡hvM, †hŠb Af¨vm, Av_©-mvgvwRK cUf~wg, †fŠ‡MvwjK Ae¯’vb I we‡kl wk¶v Pvwn`vi Ici evav Av‡iv‡ci d‡j êlg¨ ˆZwi nq| Avevi êlg¨ Av‡ivwcZI n‡Z cv‡i| AeKvVv‡gvMZ cÖwZeÜKZv Ges bxwZ‡Z AšÍfz©w³ I PP©vq cÖwZdj‡bi Afv‡e Awb”QvK…Zfv‡eI êl‡gï m„wó n‡Z cv‡i, hv cÖwZeÜx wkÿv_x©‡K wkÿvi my‡hvM †_‡K ewÂZ K‡i| Mf©eZx †g‡q ev GBPAvBwf AvµvšÍ wkÿv_©x we`¨vj‡qi wdm, †cvkvK, eB Ges Ab¨vb¨ mvgMÖxi †¶‡Î êl‡gï wkKvi n‡Z cv‡i|

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55

AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek mgvb AwfMg¨Zv

gvb 1:

mK‡jiB gvbm¤úbœ I cÖvmw½K wk¶vi my‡hvM cvIqvi AwaKvi i‡q‡Q|

Riæwi cwiw¯’wZi Kvi‡Y †Kv‡bv we‡kl e¨w³ ev we‡kl †Kv‡bv †Mvôxi RbMY mgm¨vq co‡Z cv‡ib| Avevi †KD †KD Riæwi Ae¯’v I ¯’vbPz¨wZi Kvi‡Y †ewk wec`vcbœ n‡Z cv‡i| G‡ì g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q:

kvixwiK I gvbwmK cÖwZeÜx;hviv A‡bK †ewk gvbwmK, kvixwiK I g‡bv-mvgvwRK mgm¨vq fyM‡Q Ggb gvbyl;evwjKv;bexb;mk¯¿ evwnbx ev `‡ji mv‡_ RwoZ wkï;wK‡kvi wK‡kvix cÖavb cwievi;wK‡kvix gvZv;wbw`©ó RvwZ A_ev Ab¨vb¨ mvgvwRK `‡ji gvbyl|

Riæwi cwiw¯w’ Z‡Z mK‡ji Kv‡Q wkÿv‡mev †cŠu ‡Q †`qvi j‡ÿ¨ RvZxq KZc„© ¶, ¯v’ bxq Rb‡Mvôx Ges gvbweK †mev cÖ vbKvix msMVbmg‡~ ni wbR wbR `vwqZ¡ i‡q‡Q| Gi A_© n‡jv, hviv wkÿv m‡y hvM †_‡K ev` c‡o‡Q Zv‡ì Pvwn`v wbiƒcY Ges wbw`ó© †cÿª vc‡U wfbœ ai‡bi wkLb c‡Ö qvRbxqZv i‡q‡Q Ggb gvbly ‡ì AMvÖ waKvi wfwË‡Z wPwýZ Kiv| êlg¨gj~ K bxwZ Ges Gi PPv© ; hv wkLb m‡y hvM‡K mxgve× K‡i †m¸‡jv‡K wPwýZ Ki‡Z n‡e I Zvi cwÖ ZKvi Ki‡Z n‡e| we‡kl K‡i wewfbœ RvwZ, fvlv, †fŠ‡MvwjK I wewfbœ eq‡mi Kvi‡Y wkÿvq c‡Ö e‡ki m‡y hvM nviv‡j GK ai‡bi gvbwmK Pvc ˆZwi K‡i; hv Ø›Ø-msNvZ mw„ ó Ki‡Z cv‡i|

A_©‰bwZK, mvgvwRK Ges mvs¯‹…wZK AwaKvi welqK AvšÍR©vwZK mg‡SvZv `wjj 1966 (The Intrenational Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural

Rights 1966) wkÿv AwaKvi m¤ú‡K© we¯ÍvwiZ e‡j‡Q:

Aby‡”Q`-2: Ô†h †Kv‡bv RvwZ, eY©, fvlv, ag©, ivR‰bwZK ev wfbœ gZv`k©, RvZxq I mvgvwRK cwiPq, m¤ú`, Rb¥ I gh©v`vi Kvi‡Y †Kv‡bv cÖKvi êlg¨ Qvov mK‡jiB wk¶v cvIqvi AwaKvi i‡q‡QÕ|Ab‡y ”Q`-13: c‡Ö Z¨‡Ki wk¶v cvIqvi AwaKvi i‡q‡Q Ôhv gvb‡y li gvbweK ¸Yvejx I ghv© `v‡ev‡ai cY~ © Dbqœ ‡bi c‡_ cwiPvwjZ n‡e Ges gvbevwaKvi I †gŠwjK ¯vaxbZv‡K m¤§vb Kivi welqwU my p„ Ki‡e| wk¶v GKwU g³y mgv‡R KvhK© ifv‡e mKj‡K AskMnÖ Y Ki‡Z m¶g K‡i Zjz ‡e, mKj RvwZ, eY,© RvwZMZ I agx© q †Mvôxi g‡a¨ mg‡SvZv, mnbkxjZv I eÜZc¡ Y~ © m¤úK© M‡o Zjz ‡Z mnvqZv Ki‡e Ges RvwZms‡Ni kvwšiÍ ¶v Kvhµ© ‡g mnvqZv Ki‡eÕ| Ab‡y ”Q` 13 ivómª g‡~ ni Kv‡Q GB AwaKvi cY~ © ev¯eÍ vq‡bi j¶¨ AR‡© bi D‡Ïk¨‡K ¯xKw… Z w`‡Z A½xKvi K‡i †h; 1. cvÖ _wgK wk¶v mK‡ji Rb¨ eva¨Zvgj~ K n‡e Ges Zv webvg‡~ j¨ cÖ vb Kiv n‡e; 2. KvwiMwi I ew„ Ëgj~ K

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56Aa¨vq `yB: AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ekwkÿvi b~¨bZg gvb: cÖ¯‘wZ, mvov`vb, c~e©ve¯’vq cÖZ¨veZ©‡bi cÖ‡Póv

KiYxq (wb‡`©wkKvmn co‡Z n‡e)

êl‡gï Kvi‡Y †Kv‡bv e¨w³ ev we‡kl †Mvôx wkÿvq AwfMg¨Zv Ges wkL‡bi my‡hvM †_‡K ewÂZ n‡e bv (wb‡`©wkKv 1 †`Lyb)|

wkÿvi AeKvVv‡gv Ges ¯’vb mK‡ji cÖ‡ek‡hvM¨ n‡e (wb‡`©wkKv 1 †`Lyb)|

fwZ© cÖwµqvq mKj ai‡bi cÖwZeÜKZv `~i n‡q‡Q, †hgb cÖ‡qvRbxq bw_cÎ cÖ`vb, BZ¨vw` (wb‡`©wkKv 2 Ges 4 †`Lyb)|

ÿwZMÖ¯Í Rb‡Mvôxi wk¶v Pvwn`v c~i‡Y GKwU bgbxq, AvbyôvwbK I DcvbyôvwbK wk¶vi my‡hvM µgvš^‡q mieivn Kiv n‡q‡Q (wb‡`©wkKv 3-5 †`Lyb)|

cÖwk¶Y I ms‡e`bkxjZvi gva¨‡g mKj wkï, bexb I cÖvßeq¯‹‡ì gvbm¤úbœ I cÖvmw½K wk¶vi AwaKvi wbwðZ Kivi welqwU‡Z ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi m¤ú„³Zv µgvš^‡q †e‡o‡Q (wb‡`©wkKv 6-7 †`Lyb)|

wk¶v Kvh©µ‡gi avivevwnKZv, wkÿvq mvg¨Zv I gvb wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq m¤ú‡ì mieivn i‡q‡Q (wb‡`©wkKv 8 †`Lyb)|

Riæwi cwiw¯’wZi Kvi‡Y wkÿv †_‡K wew”Qbœ nIqvi ci hZ kxNª m¤¢e wk¶v_©x‡ì AvbyôvwbK wk¶v c×wZ‡Z cÖ‡ek A_ev cybtcÖ‡e‡ki my‡hvM i‡q‡Q (wb‡`©wkKv 9 †`Lyb)|

`y‡h©vM kiYv_©x‡ì Rb¨ wk¶v Kg©m~wP wbR wbR †`‡ki mv‡_ Ges mswkøó ¯’vbxq wk¶v KZ©„c¶ Øviv ¯^xK…Z n‡q‡Q|

ÿwZMÖ¯Í Rb‡Mvôxi Rb¨ wk¶v Kg©m~wP Avkªq`vZv Rb‡Mvôxi Ici †bwZevPK cÖfve †dj‡Q bv|

wb‡`©wkKv1. êlg¨: wj½, eqm, cÖwZeÜxZv, GBPAvBwfi gvÎv, RvZxqZv, eY©, RvwZ, Avwèvmx,

esk, †MvÎ, ag©, fvlv, ms¯‹…wZ, ivR‰bwZK †hvMv‡hvM, †hŠb Af¨vm, Av_©-mvgvwRK cUf~wg, †fŠ‡MvwjK Ae¯’vb I we‡kl wk¶v Pvwn`vi Ici evav Av‡iv‡ci d‡j êlg¨ ˆZwi nq| Avevi êlg¨ Av‡ivwcZI n‡Z cv‡i| AeKvVv‡gvMZ cÖwZeÜKZv Ges bxwZ‡Z AšÍfz©w³ I PP©vq cÖwZdj‡bi Afv‡e Awb”QvK…Zfv‡eI êl‡gï m„wó n‡Z cv‡i, hv cÖwZeÜx wkÿv_x©‡K wkÿvi my‡hvM †_‡K ewÂZ K‡i| Mf©eZx †g‡q ev GBPAvBwf AvµvšÍ wkÿv_©x we`¨vj‡qi wdm, †cvkvK, eB Ges Ab¨vb¨ mvgMÖxi †¶‡Î êl‡gï wkKvi n‡Z cv‡i|

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55

AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek mgvb AwfMg¨Zv

gvb 1:

mK‡jiB gvbm¤úbœ I cÖvmw½K wk¶vi my‡hvM cvIqvi AwaKvi i‡q‡Q|

Riæwi cwiw¯’wZi Kvi‡Y †Kv‡bv we‡kl e¨w³ ev we‡kl †Kv‡bv †Mvôxi RbMY mgm¨vq co‡Z cv‡ib| Avevi †KD †KD Riæwi Ae¯’v I ¯’vbPz¨wZi Kvi‡Y †ewk wec`vcbœ n‡Z cv‡i| G‡ì g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q:

kvixwiK I gvbwmK cÖwZeÜx;hviv A‡bK †ewk gvbwmK, kvixwiK I g‡bv-mvgvwRK mgm¨vq fyM‡Q Ggb gvbyl;evwjKv;bexb;mk¯¿ evwnbx ev `‡ji mv‡_ RwoZ wkï;wK‡kvi wK‡kvix cÖavb cwievi;wK‡kvix gvZv;wbw`©ó RvwZ A_ev Ab¨vb¨ mvgvwRK `‡ji gvbyl|

Riæwi cwiw¯w’ Z‡Z mK‡ji Kv‡Q wkÿv‡mev †cŠu ‡Q †`qvi j‡ÿ¨ RvZxq KZc„© ¶, ¯v’ bxq Rb‡Mvôx Ges gvbweK †mev cÖ vbKvix msMVbmg‡~ ni wbR wbR `vwqZ¡ i‡q‡Q| Gi A_© n‡jv, hviv wkÿv m‡y hvM †_‡K ev` c‡o‡Q Zv‡ì Pvwn`v wbiƒcY Ges wbw`ó© †cÿª vc‡U wfbœ ai‡bi wkLb c‡Ö qvRbxqZv i‡q‡Q Ggb gvbly ‡ì AMvÖ waKvi wfwË‡Z wPwýZ Kiv| êlg¨gj~ K bxwZ Ges Gi PPv© ; hv wkLb m‡y hvM‡K mxgve× K‡i †m¸‡jv‡K wPwýZ Ki‡Z n‡e I Zvi cwÖ ZKvi Ki‡Z n‡e| we‡kl K‡i wewfbœ RvwZ, fvlv, †fŠ‡MvwjK I wewfbœ eq‡mi Kvi‡Y wkÿvq c‡Ö e‡ki m‡y hvM nviv‡j GK ai‡bi gvbwmK Pvc ˆZwi K‡i; hv Ø›Ø-msNvZ mw„ ó Ki‡Z cv‡i|

A_©‰bwZK, mvgvwRK Ges mvs¯‹…wZK AwaKvi welqK AvšÍR©vwZK mg‡SvZv `wjj 1966 (The Intrenational Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural

Rights 1966) wkÿv AwaKvi m¤ú‡K© we¯ÍvwiZ e‡j‡Q:

Aby‡”Q`-2: Ô†h †Kv‡bv RvwZ, eY©, fvlv, ag©, ivR‰bwZK ev wfbœ gZv`k©, RvZxq I mvgvwRK cwiPq, m¤ú`, Rb¥ I gh©v`vi Kvi‡Y †Kv‡bv cÖKvi êlg¨ Qvov mK‡jiB wk¶v cvIqvi AwaKvi i‡q‡QÕ|Ab‡y ”Q`-13: c‡Ö Z¨‡Ki wk¶v cvIqvi AwaKvi i‡q‡Q Ôhv gvb‡y li gvbweK ¸Yvejx I ghv© `v‡ev‡ai cY~ © Dbqœ ‡bi c‡_ cwiPvwjZ n‡e Ges gvbevwaKvi I †gŠwjK ¯vaxbZv‡K m¤§vb Kivi welqwU my p„ Ki‡e| wk¶v GKwU g³y mgv‡R KvhK© ifv‡e mKj‡K AskMnÖ Y Ki‡Z m¶g K‡i Zjz ‡e, mKj RvwZ, eY,© RvwZMZ I agx© q †Mvôxi g‡a¨ mg‡SvZv, mnbkxjZv I eÜZc¡ Y~ © m¤úK© M‡o Zjz ‡Z mnvqZv Ki‡e Ges RvwZms‡Ni kvwšiÍ ¶v Kvhµ© ‡g mnvqZv Ki‡eÕ| Ab‡y ”Q` 13 ivómª g‡~ ni Kv‡Q GB AwaKvi cY~ © ev¯eÍ vq‡bi j¶¨ AR‡© bi D‡Ïk¨‡K ¯xKw… Z w`‡Z A½xKvi K‡i †h; 1. cvÖ _wgK wk¶v mK‡ji Rb¨ eva¨Zvgj~ K n‡e Ges Zv webvg‡~ j¨ cÖ vb Kiv n‡e; 2. KvwiMwi I ew„ Ëgj~ K

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wkÿvmn gva¨wgK wk¶vi wewfbœ ¯‡Í i wkÿvi mnRjf¨Zv I AwfMg¨Zv wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e Ges Zv chv© qµ‡g webvg‡~ j¨ cÖ vb Kiv n‡e; 3. †h me e¨w³ cvÖ _wgK wk¶vi mKj avc mgvß Ki‡Z cv‡iwb Zv‡ì‡K †gŠwjK wkÿvi mKj avc mgvß Ki‡Z DrmvwnZ Kiv n‡e (wk¶vbxwZ gvb 1, wb‡`w© kKv 1 I 7, cô„ v 103-104 I 106-107 Ges wk¶vbxwZ gvb 2, wb‡`w© kKv 3, cô„ v 108-109 †`Lby )|

2. fwZ©, ZvwjKvfzw³KiY Ges Ae¨vnZKiY: fwZ© cÖwµqvq cÖ‡qvRbxq `wjjc‡Îi ZvwjKv I cÖ‡qvRb bgbxq n‡e| bvMwiKZ¡, Rb¥ I eq‡mi cÖZ¨qbcÎ, cwiPqcÎ, ¯‹z‡ji wi‡cvU© KvW© BZ¨vwì cÖ‡qvRb n‡e bv; †Kbbv Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z ÿwZMÖ¯Í gvby‡li GBme KvMRcÎ bvI _vK‡Z cv‡i| eqmmxgv †eu‡a †Ìqv DwPZ n‡e bv, Z‡e myiÿvi welq Ges mvs¯‹…wZK wbqgvejx‡K m¤§vb Rvbv‡Z n‡e| S‡i cov wkï‡ì Rb¨ wØZxqevi fwZ©i AbygwZ w`‡Z n‡e| wec`vcbœ wkï‡ì wPwýZ Ki‡Z n‡e Ges G‡ì m¤ú„³ Kivi Rb¨ we‡kl cÖ‡Póv Pvjv‡Z n‡e| †hLv‡b wbivcËvi welq RwoZ †mLv‡b `wjjcÎvw` I fwZ©i Z_¨ †Mvcbxqfv‡e msi¶Y Ki‡Z n‡e (wb‡Pi wb‡`©wkKv 4 †`Lyb; wk¶vbxwZ gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 1, 2 I 7, c„ôv 103-105 I 106-107 Ges wk¶vbxwZ gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 1, c„ôv 108 †`Lyb)|

3. gvbm¤§Z wk¶v m‡y hv‡Mi cwimi: gvbm¤§Z wk¶vi m‡y hv‡Mi c‡Ö qvRbxZv i‡q‡Q| Gi j¶¨ n‡”Q mKj wk¶v_x© i wk¶vi c‡Ö qvRbxqZv wbwðZ Kiv Ges wk¶v_x© iv †hb †`‡ki A_‰© bwZK, mvgvwRK I ivR‰bwZK †¶‡Î Ae`vb ivL‡Z cv‡i Zv wbwðZ Kiv| GB m‡y hvM cwiw¯w’ Z Ges wk¶v_x© ‡ì mv‡_ cvÖ mw½K n‡Z n‡e| G¸‡jv n‡Z cv‡i:

cÖviw¤¢K ˆkke Dbœqb;cÖv_wgK, gva¨wgK Ges D”PZi wk¶v;mvÿiZv I MYbv wkÿvRxebag©x wk¶v;hye I eq¯‹ wk¶v Kvh©µg †hgb-KvwiMwi I e„wËg~jK wk¶v|

cwiw¯’wZ msKUc~Y© n‡j, †hLv‡b AvbyôvwbK wk¶v Kvh©µg cwiPvjbv Kiv n‡e; †mB me wkïevÜe RvqMv A_ev wbivc` ¯’vb¸‡jv‡K me©cÖ_g mvovcÖ`vb Kvh©µ‡gi AvIZvq Avb‡Z n‡e| wkïevÜe ¯’vb wbivc` ivLvi gva¨‡g wkï I bexb‡ì myi¶v I Kj¨vY wbwðZ Kiv hvq| wKQz wkï I bexb; hv‡ì wk¶v msµvšÍ wel‡q c~e© †_‡K aviYv i‡q‡Q Zviv AvbyôvwbK K¬v‡m †hvM w`‡Z cv‡i; evwKiv DcvbyôvwbK wkLb Kvh©µ‡g AskMÖnY Ki‡e| GLv‡b wkï †_‡K bexb; mKj eq‡mi wkÿv_x©B wewfbœ KvVv‡gvMZ wk¶v, †Ljvayjv, bvUK, wPÎvsKb, MvbevRbv, myi¶v I g‡bvmvgvwRK mnvqZvq AskMÖnY Ki‡e| wkïevÜe ¯’v‡b wewfbœ KwgDwbwUi RbMY, gvbweK Kvh©µg cwiPvjbvKvwi wewfbœ cÖwZôvb I miKvwi Kgx©MY ågY Ki‡eb Ges AvbyôvwbK Ges DcvbyôvwbK wk¶vi Pvwn`v I m¶gZv wbiƒcY GgbwK ¯’vbxq D‡`¨v‡M wKfv‡e AskMªnY I mnvqZv Kiv hvq; Zv wbiƒcY Ki‡eb|

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4. bgbxqZv: Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkLb my‡hvM bgbxq Ges cwiw¯’wZi mv‡_ gvbvbmB n‡e| †h welq¸‡jv‡Z wgj _vK‡e Zv n‡jv:

we‡kl †Kv‡bv MÖæ‡ci wk¶v_©x‡ì cÖ‡qvR‡b K¬v‡mi mgqm~wP, NÈv, A_ev evrmwiK mgqm~wPi cwieZ©b n‡Z cv‡i;wkÿv cÖ`v‡bi weKí cÖwµqv; †hgb wb‡R cov, `~ieZ©x wkLb I AwZwi³ K¬vm Pvjy Kiv;m`¨ hviv evev-gv n‡q‡Qb Zv‡ì Rb¨ Ôwkï h‡Zœi wbqgKvbybÕ Pvjy Kiv;¯‹z‡j fwZ©i cÖ‡qvRbxq KvMRcÎ †hgb- Rb¥wbeÜb ev eq‡mi mvwU©wd‡KU eënv‡ii wbqg wkw_j Ki‡Z n‡e (Dc‡ii wb‡`©wkKv 2 †`Lyb)|

Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z Lvc LvIqv‡bvi welqwU wb‡q ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôx †hgb bexb, bvix Ges Ab¨vb¨ hviv bvbv Kvi‡Y ev` co‡Z cv‡i, Zv‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z n‡e| cÖ¯ÍvweZ Lvc LvIqv‡bvi welqwU ¯^xK…wZ cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ mswkøó wk¶v KZ„©c¶‡K m¤ú„³ Ki‡Z n‡e| hw` wk¶v_©xiv `~ieZx© GjvKvq emevm K‡i Zv‡ì Rb¨ ¯‹zj Ges Ab¨vb¨ wkL‡bi ¯’vb Ggbfv‡e wPwýZ Ki‡Z n‡e; hv‡Z Zv‡ì Rb¨ e¨q mvkªqx nq (wk¶vbxwZ gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 7, c„ôv 106-107 Ges wk¶vbxwZ gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 1, c„ôv 108 †`Lyb)|

5. ZvrÿwYK wkÿv AMÖvwaKvi: cÖv_wgK wbiƒc‡Yi wfwË‡Z ZvrÿwYKfv‡e wk¶v‡K AMÖvwaKvi w`‡Z n‡e| G‡¶‡Î †h welq¸‡jv we‡ePbv Ki‡Z n‡e Zv n‡jv:

wj½ Ges eqmwfwËK DcvË msMÖn;wec`vcbœZv I myi¶v mswkøó welq;we‡kl †Kv‡bv wel‡qi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv †hgb, Rxeb-wbf©i Z_¨;wk¶veë¯’vi cybM©V‡bi mv‡_ m¤ú„³ Z_¨|

wk¶v‡K cÖvavb¨ †`qvi †¶‡Î Znwej msMÖn, AvBb I wbivcËv welq‡KI cÖvavb¨ w`‡Z n‡e| wKš‘ wec`vcbœ †Kv‡bv `j †hb ev` bv c‡o †mw`‡KI †Lqvj ivL‡Z n‡e (ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 1, c„ôv 37-42; wkÿY I wkLb gvb 1, c„ôv 75-80 Ges wkÿvbxwZ gvb 1-2, c„ôv 103-105 †`Lyb)|

6. Ôgvbm¤úbÕœ I ÔcvÖ mw½KÕ wk¶v: GB welq¸‡jvi we¯vÍ wiZ kã‡Kvl cô„ v 118 †`Lby )|

7. ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi m¤ú„³Zv: wkÿvq AwfMg¨Zv wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ KwgDwbwU mwµqfv‡e AskMÖnY Ki‡e| KwgDwbwUi mwµq AskMÖnY wb‡¤œv³ evavmg~n AcmviY Ki‡e:

†hvMv‡hvM NvUwZ wPwýZ Ki‡e;cÖ‡qvRbxq m¤ú` msMÖ‡n mnvqZv Ki‡e;wbivcËv, myi¶v I g‡bvmvgvwRK cÖ‡hvRbqxZvmg~n wPwýZ Ki‡e;

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wkÿvmn gva¨wgK wk¶vi wewfbœ ¯‡Í i wkÿvi mnRjf¨Zv I AwfMg¨Zv wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e Ges Zv chv© qµ‡g webvg‡~ j¨ cÖ vb Kiv n‡e; 3. †h me e¨w³ cvÖ _wgK wk¶vi mKj avc mgvß Ki‡Z cv‡iwb Zv‡ì‡K †gŠwjK wkÿvi mKj avc mgvß Ki‡Z DrmvwnZ Kiv n‡e (wk¶vbxwZ gvb 1, wb‡`w© kKv 1 I 7, cô„ v 103-104 I 106-107 Ges wk¶vbxwZ gvb 2, wb‡`w© kKv 3, cô„ v 108-109 †`Lby )|

2. fwZ©, ZvwjKvfzw³KiY Ges Ae¨vnZKiY: fwZ© cÖwµqvq cÖ‡qvRbxq `wjjc‡Îi ZvwjKv I cÖ‡qvRb bgbxq n‡e| bvMwiKZ¡, Rb¥ I eq‡mi cÖZ¨qbcÎ, cwiPqcÎ, ¯‹z‡ji wi‡cvU© KvW© BZ¨vwì cÖ‡qvRb n‡e bv; †Kbbv Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z ÿwZMÖ¯Í gvby‡li GBme KvMRcÎ bvI _vK‡Z cv‡i| eqmmxgv †eu‡a †Ìqv DwPZ n‡e bv, Z‡e myiÿvi welq Ges mvs¯‹…wZK wbqgvejx‡K m¤§vb Rvbv‡Z n‡e| S‡i cov wkï‡ì Rb¨ wØZxqevi fwZ©i AbygwZ w`‡Z n‡e| wec`vcbœ wkï‡ì wPwýZ Ki‡Z n‡e Ges G‡ì m¤ú„³ Kivi Rb¨ we‡kl cÖ‡Póv Pvjv‡Z n‡e| †hLv‡b wbivcËvi welq RwoZ †mLv‡b `wjjcÎvw` I fwZ©i Z_¨ †Mvcbxqfv‡e msi¶Y Ki‡Z n‡e (wb‡Pi wb‡`©wkKv 4 †`Lyb; wk¶vbxwZ gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 1, 2 I 7, c„ôv 103-105 I 106-107 Ges wk¶vbxwZ gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 1, c„ôv 108 †`Lyb)|

3. gvbm¤§Z wk¶v m‡y hv‡Mi cwimi: gvbm¤§Z wk¶vi m‡y hv‡Mi c‡Ö qvRbxZv i‡q‡Q| Gi j¶¨ n‡”Q mKj wk¶v_x© i wk¶vi c‡Ö qvRbxqZv wbwðZ Kiv Ges wk¶v_x© iv †hb †`‡ki A_‰© bwZK, mvgvwRK I ivR‰bwZK †¶‡Î Ae`vb ivL‡Z cv‡i Zv wbwðZ Kiv| GB m‡y hvM cwiw¯w’ Z Ges wk¶v_x© ‡ì mv‡_ cvÖ mw½K n‡Z n‡e| G¸‡jv n‡Z cv‡i:

cÖviw¤¢K ˆkke Dbœqb;cÖv_wgK, gva¨wgK Ges D”PZi wk¶v;mvÿiZv I MYbv wkÿvRxebag©x wk¶v;hye I eq¯‹ wk¶v Kvh©µg †hgb-KvwiMwi I e„wËg~jK wk¶v|

cwiw¯’wZ msKUc~Y© n‡j, †hLv‡b AvbyôvwbK wk¶v Kvh©µg cwiPvjbv Kiv n‡e; †mB me wkïevÜe RvqMv A_ev wbivc` ¯’vb¸‡jv‡K me©cÖ_g mvovcÖ`vb Kvh©µ‡gi AvIZvq Avb‡Z n‡e| wkïevÜe ¯’vb wbivc` ivLvi gva¨‡g wkï I bexb‡ì myi¶v I Kj¨vY wbwðZ Kiv hvq| wKQz wkï I bexb; hv‡ì wk¶v msµvšÍ wel‡q c~e© †_‡K aviYv i‡q‡Q Zviv AvbyôvwbK K¬v‡m †hvM w`‡Z cv‡i; evwKiv DcvbyôvwbK wkLb Kvh©µ‡g AskMÖnY Ki‡e| GLv‡b wkï †_‡K bexb; mKj eq‡mi wkÿv_x©B wewfbœ KvVv‡gvMZ wk¶v, †Ljvayjv, bvUK, wPÎvsKb, MvbevRbv, myi¶v I g‡bvmvgvwRK mnvqZvq AskMÖnY Ki‡e| wkïevÜe ¯’v‡b wewfbœ KwgDwbwUi RbMY, gvbweK Kvh©µg cwiPvjbvKvwi wewfbœ cÖwZôvb I miKvwi Kgx©MY ågY Ki‡eb Ges AvbyôvwbK Ges DcvbyôvwbK wk¶vi Pvwn`v I m¶gZv wbiƒcY GgbwK ¯’vbxq D‡`¨v‡M wKfv‡e AskMªnY I mnvqZv Kiv hvq; Zv wbiƒcY Ki‡eb|

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4. bgbxqZv: Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkLb my‡hvM bgbxq Ges cwiw¯’wZi mv‡_ gvbvbmB n‡e| †h welq¸‡jv‡Z wgj _vK‡e Zv n‡jv:

we‡kl †Kv‡bv MÖæ‡ci wk¶v_©x‡ì cÖ‡qvR‡b K¬v‡mi mgqm~wP, NÈv, A_ev evrmwiK mgqm~wPi cwieZ©b n‡Z cv‡i;wkÿv cÖ`v‡bi weKí cÖwµqv; †hgb wb‡R cov, `~ieZ©x wkLb I AwZwi³ K¬vm Pvjy Kiv;m`¨ hviv evev-gv n‡q‡Qb Zv‡ì Rb¨ Ôwkï h‡Zœi wbqgKvbybÕ Pvjy Kiv;¯‹z‡j fwZ©i cÖ‡qvRbxq KvMRcÎ †hgb- Rb¥wbeÜb ev eq‡mi mvwU©wd‡KU eënv‡ii wbqg wkw_j Ki‡Z n‡e (Dc‡ii wb‡`©wkKv 2 †`Lyb)|

Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z Lvc LvIqv‡bvi welqwU wb‡q ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôx †hgb bexb, bvix Ges Ab¨vb¨ hviv bvbv Kvi‡Y ev` co‡Z cv‡i, Zv‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z n‡e| cÖ¯ÍvweZ Lvc LvIqv‡bvi welqwU ¯^xK…wZ cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ mswkøó wk¶v KZ„©c¶‡K m¤ú„³ Ki‡Z n‡e| hw` wk¶v_©xiv `~ieZx© GjvKvq emevm K‡i Zv‡ì Rb¨ ¯‹zj Ges Ab¨vb¨ wkL‡bi ¯’vb Ggbfv‡e wPwýZ Ki‡Z n‡e; hv‡Z Zv‡ì Rb¨ e¨q mvkªqx nq (wk¶vbxwZ gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 7, c„ôv 106-107 Ges wk¶vbxwZ gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 1, c„ôv 108 †`Lyb)|

5. ZvrÿwYK wkÿv AMÖvwaKvi: cÖv_wgK wbiƒc‡Yi wfwË‡Z ZvrÿwYKfv‡e wk¶v‡K AMÖvwaKvi w`‡Z n‡e| G‡¶‡Î †h welq¸‡jv we‡ePbv Ki‡Z n‡e Zv n‡jv:

wj½ Ges eqmwfwËK DcvË msMÖn;wec`vcbœZv I myi¶v mswkøó welq;we‡kl †Kv‡bv wel‡qi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv †hgb, Rxeb-wbf©i Z_¨;wk¶veë¯’vi cybM©V‡bi mv‡_ m¤ú„³ Z_¨|

wk¶v‡K cÖvavb¨ †`qvi †¶‡Î Znwej msMÖn, AvBb I wbivcËv welq‡KI cÖvavb¨ w`‡Z n‡e| wKš‘ wec`vcbœ †Kv‡bv `j †hb ev` bv c‡o †mw`‡KI †Lqvj ivL‡Z n‡e (ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 1, c„ôv 37-42; wkÿY I wkLb gvb 1, c„ôv 75-80 Ges wkÿvbxwZ gvb 1-2, c„ôv 103-105 †`Lyb)|

6. Ôgvbm¤úbÕœ I ÔcvÖ mw½KÕ wk¶v: GB welq¸‡jvi we¯vÍ wiZ kã‡Kvl cô„ v 118 †`Lby )|

7. ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi m¤ú„³Zv: wkÿvq AwfMg¨Zv wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ KwgDwbwU mwµqfv‡e AskMÖnY Ki‡e| KwgDwbwUi mwµq AskMÖnY wb‡¤œv³ evavmg~n AcmviY Ki‡e:

†hvMv‡hvM NvUwZ wPwýZ Ki‡e;cÖ‡qvRbxq m¤ú` msMÖ‡n mnvqZv Ki‡e;wbivcËv, myi¶v I g‡bvmvgvwRK cÖ‡hvRbqxZvmg~n wPwýZ Ki‡e;

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weKí wkLb myweavi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv wPwýZ Ki‡e;mswkøó mKj `j, we‡kl K‡i wec`vcbœ gvbyl‡ì AskMªnY wbwðZ Ki‡e|

(AskMÖn‡Yi msÁvi Rb¨ 117 c„ôvi kã‡Kvl †`Lyb; KwgDwbwUi AskMÖnY gvb 1-2, c„ôv 24-32; Ges wk¶Y I wkLb gvb 3, wb‡`©wkKv 2, c„ôv 84-85 †`Lyb)|

8. m¤ú`: Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wk¶v cÖ`vb wbwðZ Ki‡Z RvZxq KZ©„c‡¶i `vwqZ¡ Acwimxg| GRb¨ ch©vß A_©, m¤ú` Ges gvbem¤ú‡ì g‡a¨ mgš^q cÖ‡qvRb| hw` RvZxq KZ©„c¶ Riæwi Ae¯’v †_‡K c~e©ve¯’vq wd‡i bv Avmv ch©šÍ mg‡q wk¶vi e¨vcv‡i c~Y© mn‡hvwMZv w`‡Z A¶g nq Zvn‡j Ab¨vb¨ Drm †_‡K mvnvh¨ †bqvi cÖ‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i| D`vniY¯îƒc AvšÍR©vwZK KwgDwbwU, RvwZmsN, AvšÍR©vwZK I ¯’vbxq GbwRI, ¯’vbxq KZ©„cÿ, KwgDwbwU, wbf©i‡hvM¨ msMVb, mykxj mgv‡Ri gvbyl Ges Ab¨vb¨ Dbœqb mn‡hvMxi K_v ejv hvq| wk¶v I wkLb cÖwµqv Pvjy ivL‡Z `vZv‡ì mn‡hvwMZv bgbxq Ges mgwš^Zfv‡e n‡Z n‡e (KwgDwbwUi AskMÖnY gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 1, c„ôv 30 Ges ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 1 I 5, c„ôv 43-44 I 45 †`Lyb)|

9. A¯’vqx AvkÖq‡K‡›`ª wnmv‡e we`¨vj‡qi eënvi Kgv‡bv: ¯’vbPz¨Z‡ì Rb¨ AvkÖq¯’j wn‡m‡e we`¨vjq ïaygvÎ ZLbB eënvi Kiv hv‡e hLb Ab¨ †Kv‡bv Dcvq _v‡Kbv| cÖ¯‘wZ cwiKíbv cÖYq‡bi mgq `y‡h©vMKvjxb AvkÖq‡K‡›`ªi Rb¨ weKí ¯’vb wPwýZ K‡i ivL‡Z n‡e|

hLb we`¨vjq A¯’vqx Avkªq‡K›`ª wnmv‡e eëüZ nq, ZLb Avkªq‡K›`ª Ges myi¶v Lv‡Zi †hŠ_ mgš^‡qi gva¨‡g †bwZevPK cÖfve Ges m¤¢ve¨ SuywKmg~n Kwg‡q Avb‡Z n‡e| `y‡h©v‡Mi c‡i we`¨vj‡qi ¯^vfvweK Kvh©µg cybivq wdwi‡q Avbvi Rb¨ GKwU wbw`©ó Zvwi‡Li wel‡q mswkøó AskxRb‡ì‡K mngZ †cvlb Ki‡Z n‡e| Gi d‡j wkLb Kvh©µ‡g evavmg~n `~ixf~Z n‡e Ges Riæwi cwiw¯’wZi c‡i `xN© mg‡qi Rb¨ Avkªq †bqv cwievi‡K miv‡bv mnR nq|

hw` we`¨vjq A¯’vqx Avkªq‡K›`ª wnmv‡e eëüZ nq, Z‡e Aek¨B †Lqvj ivL‡Z n‡e †hb AvkÖqMÖnYKvixMY we`¨vj‡qi m¤úwË †hgb-eBcy¯ÍK, jvB‡eªwi, AvmevecÎ, ¯‹z‡ji cÖ‡qvRbxq KvMRcÎ I we‡bv`‡bi DcKiY¸‡jv bó bv K‡i| wk¶v‡K›`ª¸‡jv †hb wk¶v MÖn‡Yi Dchy³ ¯’vb wnmv‡e MY¨ n‡Z cv‡i †m e¨vcv‡i †Lqvj ivL‡Z n‡e| hw` m¤¢e nq †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì DwPZ wk¶v‡K›`ª¸‡jvi Dbœqb Kiv| †hgb- we`¨vj‡qi cqtwb®‹vkb eë¯’v bZzb K‡i ˆZwi Kiv ev we`¨vjq fe‡bi KvVv‡gvMZ DbœwZ mvab Kiv (AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 3, wb‡`©wkKv 4-6, c„ôv 68-69 Ges wkÿvbxwZ gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 3, c„ôv 105 †`Lyb)|

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wkLb cwi‡ek wk¶v_©x, wk¶K I Ab¨vb¨ wk¶vKg©xi Rb¨ wec`gy³ (wb‡`©wkKv 1 I 3-4 †`Lyb)|

wkL‡bi cwi‡ek ˆZwi Ges wk¶v_©x‡ì g‡bvmvgvwRK Kj¨vY e„w× Ki‡Z wk¶K I Ab¨vb¨ wk¶vKg©xi Ávb I `¶Zv AR©b (wb‡`©wkKv 2-3 Ges 8-9 †`Lyb)|

¯‹zj, A¯’vqx wkLb †K›`ª I wkïevÜe ¯’vbmg~n Rbmvavi‡Yi wbKUeZ©x n‡e; hv‡Z Zviv AskMªnY Ki‡Z cv‡i (wb‡`©wkKv 5-6 †`Lyb)|

wkLb ¯’v‡b hvIqvi iv¯Ív mK‡ji Rb¨ wbivc`, myiwÿZ Ges cÖ‡ek‡hvM¨ n‡e (wb‡`©wkKv 5-7 †`Lyb)|

wkL‡bi cwi‡ek mvgwiK KvR Ges AvµgY †_‡K gy³ (wb‡`©wkKv 1, 3 Ges 6-7 †`Lyb)|

KwgDwbwUi mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv mv‡c‡ÿ wkLb ¯’vb wba©viY Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges GB msµvšÍ wewfbœ c×wZ I bxwZgvjv wk¶v_©x, wk¶K I Ab¨vb¨ wk¶vKg©xi wbivc` I myiÿv wbwðZ K‡i (wb‡`©wkKv 1 Ges 10 †`Lyb)|

`y‡h©vM SuywK n«vm Ges eë¯’vcbv Kvh©µ‡g A¯’vqx wkL‡bi ¯’vb wbivc` ivLvi cÖKí AšÍf©y³ Kiv n‡q‡Q (wb‡`©wkKv 11 †`Lyb)|

wb‡`©wkKv1. myiÿv Ges wbivcËv: GKwU myiwÿZ wkLb cwi‡ek wewfbœ iK‡gi fq, wec`, Awbó

A_ev ¶wZ †_‡K myiÿv cÖ`vb K‡i| GKwU wbivc` wkLb cwi‡ek m¤¢ve¨ kvixwiK A_ev g‡bvmvgvwRK ¶wZ †_‡K gy³ (119 c„ôvi kã‡Kvl †`Lyb)|

myiÿv wbwðZ Kiv RvZxq KZ©„c‡¶i `vwqZ¡| RvZxq KZ©„c¶ G msµvšÍ ch©vß I gvbm¤§Z bxwZ cÖYqb Ki‡e Ges †hLv‡b cÖ‡qvRb n‡e †mLv‡b GKwU `j‡K wb‡qvM Ki‡e| hw` Pjgvb wkLb ¯’vbmg~n AiwÿZ I Ach©vß nq, Z‡e RvZxq KZ©„c¶ weKí wbivc` I myiwÿZ wkLb ¯’vb ¯’vcb Ki‡e| †m‡¶‡Î evwo‡Z wkÿv cÖ`vb A_ev `~i n‡Z wkÿv `vb c×wZ MÖnY Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| AiwÿZ cwiw¯’wZ‡Z, ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôx we`¨vj‡qi ¯’vb wbe©vP‡bi e¨vcv‡i civgk© w`‡e| wbivcËv evwnbx KL‡bvB wkL‡bi ¯’vbmg~n‡K A¯’vqx Avkªq‡K›`ª wnmv‡e eënvi Ki‡e bv (myiÿvi wel‡q Rvb‡Z wb‡Pi wb‡`©wkKv 5-7 †`Lyb, wbivcËvi Rb¨ †`Lyb wb‡Pi wb‡`©wkKv 2-4, 8-9 I 11; wk¶vbxwZ gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 1, c„ôv 103-104 †`Lyb)|

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AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 2:myi¶v Ges Kj¨vY

wkLb cwi‡ek myiw¶Z I wbivc` Ges Zv wk¶v_©x, wk¶K I Ab¨vb¨ wk¶vKg©xi myi¶v I g‡bv-mvgvwRK Kj¨vY e„w×‡Z mnvqZv K‡i|


weKí wkLb myweavi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv wPwýZ Ki‡e;mswkøó mKj `j, we‡kl K‡i wec`vcbœ gvbyl‡ì AskMªnY wbwðZ Ki‡e|

(AskMÖn‡Yi msÁvi Rb¨ 117 c„ôvi kã‡Kvl †`Lyb; KwgDwbwUi AskMÖnY gvb 1-2, c„ôv 24-32; Ges wk¶Y I wkLb gvb 3, wb‡`©wkKv 2, c„ôv 84-85 †`Lyb)|

8. m¤ú`: Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wk¶v cÖ`vb wbwðZ Ki‡Z RvZxq KZ©„c‡¶i `vwqZ¡ Acwimxg| GRb¨ ch©vß A_©, m¤ú` Ges gvbem¤ú‡ì g‡a¨ mgš^q cÖ‡qvRb| hw` RvZxq KZ©„c¶ Riæwi Ae¯’v †_‡K c~e©ve¯’vq wd‡i bv Avmv ch©šÍ mg‡q wk¶vi e¨vcv‡i c~Y© mn‡hvwMZv w`‡Z A¶g nq Zvn‡j Ab¨vb¨ Drm †_‡K mvnvh¨ †bqvi cÖ‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i| D`vniY¯îƒc AvšÍR©vwZK KwgDwbwU, RvwZmsN, AvšÍR©vwZK I ¯’vbxq GbwRI, ¯’vbxq KZ©„cÿ, KwgDwbwU, wbf©i‡hvM¨ msMVb, mykxj mgv‡Ri gvbyl Ges Ab¨vb¨ Dbœqb mn‡hvMxi K_v ejv hvq| wk¶v I wkLb cÖwµqv Pvjy ivL‡Z `vZv‡ì mn‡hvwMZv bgbxq Ges mgwš^Zfv‡e n‡Z n‡e (KwgDwbwUi AskMÖnY gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 1, c„ôv 30 Ges ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 1 I 5, c„ôv 43-44 I 45 †`Lyb)|

9. A¯’vqx AvkÖq‡K‡›`ª wnmv‡e we`¨vj‡qi eënvi Kgv‡bv: ¯’vbPz¨Z‡ì Rb¨ AvkÖq¯’j wn‡m‡e we`¨vjq ïaygvÎ ZLbB eënvi Kiv hv‡e hLb Ab¨ †Kv‡bv Dcvq _v‡Kbv| cÖ¯‘wZ cwiKíbv cÖYq‡bi mgq `y‡h©vMKvjxb AvkÖq‡K‡›`ªi Rb¨ weKí ¯’vb wPwýZ K‡i ivL‡Z n‡e|

hLb we`¨vjq A¯’vqx Avkªq‡K›`ª wnmv‡e eëüZ nq, ZLb Avkªq‡K›`ª Ges myi¶v Lv‡Zi †hŠ_ mgš^‡qi gva¨‡g †bwZevPK cÖfve Ges m¤¢ve¨ SuywKmg~n Kwg‡q Avb‡Z n‡e| `y‡h©v‡Mi c‡i we`¨vj‡qi ¯^vfvweK Kvh©µg cybivq wdwi‡q Avbvi Rb¨ GKwU wbw`©ó Zvwi‡Li wel‡q mswkøó AskxRb‡ì‡K mngZ †cvlb Ki‡Z n‡e| Gi d‡j wkLb Kvh©µ‡g evavmg~n `~ixf~Z n‡e Ges Riæwi cwiw¯’wZi c‡i `xN© mg‡qi Rb¨ Avkªq †bqv cwievi‡K miv‡bv mnR nq|

hw` we`¨vjq A¯’vqx Avkªq‡K›`ª wnmv‡e eëüZ nq, Z‡e Aek¨B †Lqvj ivL‡Z n‡e †hb AvkÖqMÖnYKvixMY we`¨vj‡qi m¤úwË †hgb-eBcy¯ÍK, jvB‡eªwi, AvmevecÎ, ¯‹z‡ji cÖ‡qvRbxq KvMRcÎ I we‡bv`‡bi DcKiY¸‡jv bó bv K‡i| wk¶v‡K›`ª¸‡jv †hb wk¶v MÖn‡Yi Dchy³ ¯’vb wnmv‡e MY¨ n‡Z cv‡i †m e¨vcv‡i †Lqvj ivL‡Z n‡e| hw` m¤¢e nq †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì DwPZ wk¶v‡K›`ª¸‡jvi Dbœqb Kiv| †hgb- we`¨vj‡qi cqtwb®‹vkb eë¯’v bZzb K‡i ˆZwi Kiv ev we`¨vjq fe‡bi KvVv‡gvMZ DbœwZ mvab Kiv (AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 3, wb‡`©wkKv 4-6, c„ôv 68-69 Ges wkÿvbxwZ gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 3, c„ôv 105 †`Lyb)|

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wkLb cwi‡ek wk¶v_©x, wk¶K I Ab¨vb¨ wk¶vKg©xi Rb¨ wec`gy³ (wb‡`©wkKv 1 I 3-4 †`Lyb)|

wkL‡bi cwi‡ek ˆZwi Ges wk¶v_©x‡ì g‡bvmvgvwRK Kj¨vY e„w× Ki‡Z wk¶K I Ab¨vb¨ wk¶vKg©xi Ávb I `¶Zv AR©b (wb‡`©wkKv 2-3 Ges 8-9 †`Lyb)|

¯‹zj, A¯’vqx wkLb †K›`ª I wkïevÜe ¯’vbmg~n Rbmvavi‡Yi wbKUeZ©x n‡e; hv‡Z Zviv AskMªnY Ki‡Z cv‡i (wb‡`©wkKv 5-6 †`Lyb)|

wkLb ¯’v‡b hvIqvi iv¯Ív mK‡ji Rb¨ wbivc`, myiwÿZ Ges cÖ‡ek‡hvM¨ n‡e (wb‡`©wkKv 5-7 †`Lyb)|

wkL‡bi cwi‡ek mvgwiK KvR Ges AvµgY †_‡K gy³ (wb‡`©wkKv 1, 3 Ges 6-7 †`Lyb)|

KwgDwbwUi mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv mv‡c‡ÿ wkLb ¯’vb wba©viY Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges GB msµvšÍ wewfbœ c×wZ I bxwZgvjv wk¶v_©x, wk¶K I Ab¨vb¨ wk¶vKg©xi wbivc` I myiÿv wbwðZ K‡i (wb‡`©wkKv 1 Ges 10 †`Lyb)|

`y‡h©vM SuywK n«vm Ges eë¯’vcbv Kvh©µ‡g A¯’vqx wkL‡bi ¯’vb wbivc` ivLvi cÖKí AšÍf©y³ Kiv n‡q‡Q (wb‡`©wkKv 11 †`Lyb)|

wb‡`©wkKv1. myiÿv Ges wbivcËv: GKwU myiwÿZ wkLb cwi‡ek wewfbœ iK‡gi fq, wec`, Awbó

A_ev ¶wZ †_‡K myiÿv cÖ`vb K‡i| GKwU wbivc` wkLb cwi‡ek m¤¢ve¨ kvixwiK A_ev g‡bvmvgvwRK ¶wZ †_‡K gy³ (119 c„ôvi kã‡Kvl †`Lyb)|

myiÿv wbwðZ Kiv RvZxq KZ©„c‡¶i `vwqZ¡| RvZxq KZ©„c¶ G msµvšÍ ch©vß I gvbm¤§Z bxwZ cÖYqb Ki‡e Ges †hLv‡b cÖ‡qvRb n‡e †mLv‡b GKwU `j‡K wb‡qvM Ki‡e| hw` Pjgvb wkLb ¯’vbmg~n AiwÿZ I Ach©vß nq, Z‡e RvZxq KZ©„c¶ weKí wbivc` I myiwÿZ wkLb ¯’vb ¯’vcb Ki‡e| †m‡¶‡Î evwo‡Z wkÿv cÖ`vb A_ev `~i n‡Z wkÿv `vb c×wZ MÖnY Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| AiwÿZ cwiw¯’wZ‡Z, ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôx we`¨vj‡qi ¯’vb wbe©vP‡bi e¨vcv‡i civgk© w`‡e| wbivcËv evwnbx KL‡bvB wkL‡bi ¯’vbmg~n‡K A¯’vqx Avkªq‡K›`ª wnmv‡e eënvi Ki‡e bv (myiÿvi wel‡q Rvb‡Z wb‡Pi wb‡`©wkKv 5-7 †`Lyb, wbivcËvi Rb¨ †`Lyb wb‡Pi wb‡`©wkKv 2-4, 8-9 I 11; wk¶vbxwZ gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 1, c„ôv 103-104 †`Lyb)|

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AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 2:myi¶v Ges Kj¨vY

wkLb cwi‡ek myiw¶Z I wbivc` Ges Zv wk¶v_©x, wk¶K I Ab¨vb¨ wk¶vKg©xi myi¶v I g‡bv-mvgvwRK Kj¨vY e„w×‡Z mnvqZv K‡i|


2. gvbwmK, kvixwiK I mvgvwRK Kj¨vY: gvbwmK, kvixwiK I mvgvwRK Kj¨vY wb‡¤œv³ welqmg~‡ni Ici wbf©i K‡i:

wbivcËv I myi¶v;¯^v¯’¨;wk¶v cÖ`vbKvix (†hgb: wkÿK) I wk¶v_©x‡ì g‡a¨ Dò I gayi m¤úK© |

ˆkkeKvj †_‡KB wkï weKvk I wkL‡b hviv RwoZ Zv‡ì Kv‡Q wkïiv wbivc` I miy wÿZ _vK‡e| wkï‡ì Kj¨vY wbwðZ Kivi j‡ÿ¨ evPb Dbqœ b, BwZevPK mvgvwRK m¤úK© I fv‡jv ¯v¯’ ˆZwii w`‡K bRi w`‡e| †h mKj wm×všÍ wkÿv_xi© Rxeb‡K cfÖ vweZ K‡i; †mLv‡b Zv‡ì AskMnÖ Y‡K DrmvwnZ Ki‡Z n‡e| mgm¨v mgvavb, wm×všÍ MnÖ Y Ges Swuz K nv« m Kvhµ© ‡g wkï I bex‡biv AskMnÖ ‡Yi m‡y hvM †c‡j Zviv wb‡R‡ì A‡cÿvKZ… Kg Amnvq g‡b Ki‡e Ges wb‡R‡ì Dbqœ ‡b Ae`vb ivL‡Z cv‡i|

hw` wcZvgvZv evwo‡Z mšÍvb‡ì Kj¨vY wbwðZ Ki‡Z AcviM nb; Z‡e Abïv G wel‡q mn‡hvwMZv Ki‡Z cv‡ib| cÖ‡qvRb n‡j Gm‡ei mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z Dc‡hvMx †mev Ab¨vb¨ gva¨g †_‡KI MÖnY Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i (AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 3, wb‡`©wkKv 8, c„ôv 69-70 †`Lyb)|

3. myi¶v: Ômyi¶vÕ A_© n‡jv mKj cÖKvi kvixwiK, gvbwmK I mvgvwRK fqfxwZ, Aceënvi, †kvlY I mwnsmZv †_‡K gy³| wk¶v_©x, wk¶K I Ab¨vb¨ wk¶vKg©x‡K Gme fqfxwZ m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z n‡e Ges wkLb cwi‡e‡ki wfZi I evwn‡i †h mKj SuywK¸‡jv i‡q‡Q †mme †¶Î †_‡K myiw¶Z n‡Z n‡e| m¤¢ve¨ wec`¸‡jv n‡Z cv‡i:

ej cÖ‡qvM Kiv;†hŠb wbh©vZb;cÖvK…wZK I cwi‡ekMZ `y‡h©vM;Av‡Mœqv¯¿, †Mvjv-eviæ`, f~wggvBb I Awe‡ùvwiZ †evgv;mk¯¿ e¨w³, µm-dvqv‡ii ¯’vb Ges AcniY, I mvgwiK evwnbx‡Z wb‡qvMmn Ab¨vb¨ mvgwiK fq-fxwZ;ivR‰bwZK wbivcËvnxbZv|

myi¶vi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv Ges AMÖvwaKvi eyS‡Z KwgDwbwU, wk¶v_©x, wk¶K I Ab¨vb¨ wk¶vKg©x‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv Kivmn SuywK wbiƒcY ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| SuywK wbiƒcY wbqwgZ nIqv cÖ‡qvRb Ges wbiƒc‡Yi mgq SuywKi mvs¯‹…wZK I ivR‰bwZK Dcv`vb¸‡jvI we‡ePbvq ivLv cÖ‡qvRb (ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 2-3, c„ôv 37-40 †`Lyb)|

myi¶vi welqmg~n AMÖvn¨ Kiv n‡j; cÖwkwÿZ gvbevwaKvi Kgx©‡ì mnvqZvq wbw`©ó cixweÿY †KŠk‡ji gva¨‡g Zv h_vh_fv‡e bw_e× I cÖwZ‡e`b cªYqb Ki‡Z n‡e|

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wj½, eqm A_ev e¨w³ †Kv‡bv we‡kl Kvi‡Y jÿ¨ e¯‘‡Z cwiYZ n‡qwQj Kx-bv; Zvi cÖavb w`K¸‡jv wjwce× Ki‡Z n‡e| mgm¨vi aib Ges Kvh©Ki mgvav‡bi Rb¨ GB Z_¨¸‡jv cÖ‡qvRb| ¯^v¯’¨, myiÿv Ges g‡bvmvgvwRK †mev cÖ`vbKvixmn GB wbh©vZb cÖwZ‡iv‡a mvov cÖ`v‡bi welq¸‡jvI bw_fz³ Ki‡Z n‡e|

†h mKj ¯’v‡b wk¶v_©x, wk¶K I Ab¨vb¨ wk¶vKg©x‡ì kvixwiK Ges g‡bvmvgvwRK wbh©vZb cÖvqB N‡U _v‡K; †mLv‡b cwievi I KwgDwbwU‡Z wbivcËv evov‡bvi j‡ÿ¨ wewfbœ Kg©m~wP‡Z cwievi I mgvR‡KI AšÍf©y³ Ki‡Z n‡e| G‡ÿ‡Î †h mKj KvR¸‡jv Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i; Zv n‡jv:

†Q‡j‡g‡q‡ì myk„•Ljfv‡e M‡o Zzj‡Z gvZvwcZv I cwiev‡ii eo‡ì g‡a¨ Z‡_ï Av`vb cÖ`vb;KwgDwbwU‡Z myi¶vi wel‡q m‡PZbZv evov‡bvi j‡ÿ¨ cywjk I Ab¨vb¨ wbivcËv evwnbxi gva¨‡g cÖPviYv Pvjv‡bv;mywbw`©ó wel‡q myiÿv wbwðZ Ki‡Z KwgDwbwU Ges mswkøó KZ…©c‡ÿi m‡½ GKmv‡_ KvR Kiv; †hgb wkÿv_©x‡ì we`¨vj‡q Avmv hvIqvi c‡_ wbivcËv cÖnixi eë¯’v Kiv (wkÿvbxwZ gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 1, c„ôv 103-104 †`Lyb)|

4. †RÛviwfwËK mwnsmZv: (†RÛvi wfwËK mwnsmZvi msÁvi Rb¨ 114 cô„ vi kã‡Kvl †`Lby )| †hŠb wbhv© Zb Rxe‡bi Rb¨ gvivZ¥K ûgwK¯iƒc| GwU wK‡kvi I eqmx ciy æl‡ì Rb¨ ÿwZKviK n‡jI gj~ Z: bvix I wK‡kvixivB †RÛviwfwËK mwnmsZvi gj~ wkKvi| wk¶v Kvhµ© ‡g †hŠb nqivwb I wbhv© Zb wbqwgZfv‡e ch‡© eÿY Ki‡Z n‡e Ges G wel‡q c‡Ö qvRbxq c`‡ÿc MnÖ Y Ki‡Z n‡e| we`¨vj‡qi †fZ‡i Ges Avmv hvIqvi c‡_ Swuz K Kgv‡bvi j‡ÿ¨ wb‡gvœ ³ c`‡ÿç‡jv evev-gv, wk¶v_x© , wk¶K I Ab¨vb¨ wk¶vKgx© MY †hŠ_fv‡e ev¯eÍ vqb Ki‡Z cv‡ib:

†hŠb nqivwb, wbh©vZb, Ges †hŠb Aceënv‡ii kvw¯Íi weavb K‡Vvi Ges G m¤úwK©Z AvBb¸‡jv Rbm¤§y‡L cÖPvi Kiv;wk¶K I Ab¨vb¨ wk¶vKg©xi AvPiYwewa‡Z GB weavb¸‡jv AšÍf©y³ Kiv; hv‡Z Zviv eyS‡Z cv‡i Kx ai‡bi AvPiY MÖnY‡hvM¨ bq;†g‡q wk¶v_©xiv hv‡Z †hŠb nqivwbi wkKvi bv nq Ges wkLb ¯’v‡b wbivc` †eva K‡i; †mRb¨ wkÿv cÖwZôv‡b AwaK nv‡i bvix wkÿ‡Ki msL¨v evov‡Z n‡e| †hLv‡b bvix I cyiæl wk¶K‡ì g‡a¨ fvimvg¨ AbycvZ †bB; †mLv‡b KwgDwbwU †_‡K bvix †¯^”Qv‡meK‡K †kÖwYKÿ mnvwqKv wn‡m‡e wb‡qvM †`qv †h‡Z cv‡i|

†RÛviwfwËK mwnsmZv msNwUZ n‡j, †MvcbxqZv I wbivc` cÖwZ‡e`b, Awf‡hvM cÖ`v‡bi my‡hvM Ges mvov cÖ`v‡bi welq¸‡jv ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| G¸‡jv RvZxq KZ©„c¶ ev ¯^vaxb †Kv‡bv msMVb, hv‡ì †RÛviwfwËK mwnsmZvq Kv‡Ri AwfÁZv i‡q‡Q Zv‡ì Øviv cwiPvwjZ n‡Z cv‡i| †RÛviwfwËK mwnsmZvq AvµvšÍ‡ì wU‡K _vKvi

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2. gvbwmK, kvixwiK I mvgvwRK Kj¨vY: gvbwmK, kvixwiK I mvgvwRK Kj¨vY wb‡¤œv³ welqmg~‡ni Ici wbf©i K‡i:

wbivcËv I myi¶v;¯^v¯’¨;wk¶v cÖ`vbKvix (†hgb: wkÿK) I wk¶v_©x‡ì g‡a¨ Dò I gayi m¤úK© |

ˆkkeKvj †_‡KB wkï weKvk I wkL‡b hviv RwoZ Zv‡ì Kv‡Q wkïiv wbivc` I miy wÿZ _vK‡e| wkï‡ì Kj¨vY wbwðZ Kivi j‡ÿ¨ evPb Dbqœ b, BwZevPK mvgvwRK m¤úK© I fv‡jv ¯v¯’ ˆZwii w`‡K bRi w`‡e| †h mKj wm×všÍ wkÿv_xi© Rxeb‡K cfÖ vweZ K‡i; †mLv‡b Zv‡ì AskMnÖ Y‡K DrmvwnZ Ki‡Z n‡e| mgm¨v mgvavb, wm×všÍ MnÖ Y Ges Swuz K nv« m Kvhµ© ‡g wkï I bex‡biv AskMnÖ ‡Yi m‡y hvM †c‡j Zviv wb‡R‡ì A‡cÿvKZ… Kg Amnvq g‡b Ki‡e Ges wb‡R‡ì Dbqœ ‡b Ae`vb ivL‡Z cv‡i|

hw` wcZvgvZv evwo‡Z mšÍvb‡ì Kj¨vY wbwðZ Ki‡Z AcviM nb; Z‡e Abïv G wel‡q mn‡hvwMZv Ki‡Z cv‡ib| cÖ‡qvRb n‡j Gm‡ei mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z Dc‡hvMx †mev Ab¨vb¨ gva¨g †_‡KI MÖnY Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i (AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 3, wb‡`©wkKv 8, c„ôv 69-70 †`Lyb)|

3. myi¶v: Ômyi¶vÕ A_© n‡jv mKj cÖKvi kvixwiK, gvbwmK I mvgvwRK fqfxwZ, Aceënvi, †kvlY I mwnsmZv †_‡K gy³| wk¶v_©x, wk¶K I Ab¨vb¨ wk¶vKg©x‡K Gme fqfxwZ m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z n‡e Ges wkLb cwi‡e‡ki wfZi I evwn‡i †h mKj SuywK¸‡jv i‡q‡Q †mme †¶Î †_‡K myiw¶Z n‡Z n‡e| m¤¢ve¨ wec`¸‡jv n‡Z cv‡i:

ej cÖ‡qvM Kiv;†hŠb wbh©vZb;cÖvK…wZK I cwi‡ekMZ `y‡h©vM;Av‡Mœqv¯¿, †Mvjv-eviæ`, f~wggvBb I Awe‡ùvwiZ †evgv;mk¯¿ e¨w³, µm-dvqv‡ii ¯’vb Ges AcniY, I mvgwiK evwnbx‡Z wb‡qvMmn Ab¨vb¨ mvgwiK fq-fxwZ;ivR‰bwZK wbivcËvnxbZv|

myi¶vi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv Ges AMÖvwaKvi eyS‡Z KwgDwbwU, wk¶v_©x, wk¶K I Ab¨vb¨ wk¶vKg©x‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv Kivmn SuywK wbiƒcY ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| SuywK wbiƒcY wbqwgZ nIqv cÖ‡qvRb Ges wbiƒc‡Yi mgq SuywKi mvs¯‹…wZK I ivR‰bwZK Dcv`vb¸‡jvI we‡ePbvq ivLv cÖ‡qvRb (ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 2-3, c„ôv 37-40 †`Lyb)|

myi¶vi welqmg~n AMÖvn¨ Kiv n‡j; cÖwkwÿZ gvbevwaKvi Kgx©‡ì mnvqZvq wbw`©ó cixweÿY †KŠk‡ji gva¨‡g Zv h_vh_fv‡e bw_e× I cÖwZ‡e`b cªYqb Ki‡Z n‡e|

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wj½, eqm A_ev e¨w³ †Kv‡bv we‡kl Kvi‡Y jÿ¨ e¯‘‡Z cwiYZ n‡qwQj Kx-bv; Zvi cÖavb w`K¸‡jv wjwce× Ki‡Z n‡e| mgm¨vi aib Ges Kvh©Ki mgvav‡bi Rb¨ GB Z_¨¸‡jv cÖ‡qvRb| ¯^v¯’¨, myiÿv Ges g‡bvmvgvwRK †mev cÖ`vbKvixmn GB wbh©vZb cÖwZ‡iv‡a mvov cÖ`v‡bi welq¸‡jvI bw_fz³ Ki‡Z n‡e|

†h mKj ¯’v‡b wk¶v_©x, wk¶K I Ab¨vb¨ wk¶vKg©x‡ì kvixwiK Ges g‡bvmvgvwRK wbh©vZb cÖvqB N‡U _v‡K; †mLv‡b cwievi I KwgDwbwU‡Z wbivcËv evov‡bvi j‡ÿ¨ wewfbœ Kg©m~wP‡Z cwievi I mgvR‡KI AšÍf©y³ Ki‡Z n‡e| G‡ÿ‡Î †h mKj KvR¸‡jv Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i; Zv n‡jv:

†Q‡j‡g‡q‡ì myk„•Ljfv‡e M‡o Zzj‡Z gvZvwcZv I cwiev‡ii eo‡ì g‡a¨ Z‡_ï Av`vb cÖ`vb;KwgDwbwU‡Z myi¶vi wel‡q m‡PZbZv evov‡bvi j‡ÿ¨ cywjk I Ab¨vb¨ wbivcËv evwnbxi gva¨‡g cÖPviYv Pvjv‡bv;mywbw`©ó wel‡q myiÿv wbwðZ Ki‡Z KwgDwbwU Ges mswkøó KZ…©c‡ÿi m‡½ GKmv‡_ KvR Kiv; †hgb wkÿv_©x‡ì we`¨vj‡q Avmv hvIqvi c‡_ wbivcËv cÖnixi eë¯’v Kiv (wkÿvbxwZ gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 1, c„ôv 103-104 †`Lyb)|

4. †RÛviwfwËK mwnsmZv: (†RÛvi wfwËK mwnsmZvi msÁvi Rb¨ 114 cô„ vi kã‡Kvl †`Lby )| †hŠb wbhv© Zb Rxe‡bi Rb¨ gvivZ¥K ûgwK¯iƒc| GwU wK‡kvi I eqmx ciy æl‡ì Rb¨ ÿwZKviK n‡jI gj~ Z: bvix I wK‡kvixivB †RÛviwfwËK mwnmsZvi gj~ wkKvi| wk¶v Kvhµ© ‡g †hŠb nqivwb I wbhv© Zb wbqwgZfv‡e ch‡© eÿY Ki‡Z n‡e Ges G wel‡q c‡Ö qvRbxq c`‡ÿc MnÖ Y Ki‡Z n‡e| we`¨vj‡qi †fZ‡i Ges Avmv hvIqvi c‡_ Swuz K Kgv‡bvi j‡ÿ¨ wb‡gvœ ³ c`‡ÿç‡jv evev-gv, wk¶v_x© , wk¶K I Ab¨vb¨ wk¶vKgx© MY †hŠ_fv‡e ev¯eÍ vqb Ki‡Z cv‡ib:

†hŠb nqivwb, wbh©vZb, Ges †hŠb Aceënv‡ii kvw¯Íi weavb K‡Vvi Ges G m¤úwK©Z AvBb¸‡jv Rbm¤§y‡L cÖPvi Kiv;wk¶K I Ab¨vb¨ wk¶vKg©xi AvPiYwewa‡Z GB weavb¸‡jv AšÍf©y³ Kiv; hv‡Z Zviv eyS‡Z cv‡i Kx ai‡bi AvPiY MÖnY‡hvM¨ bq;†g‡q wk¶v_©xiv hv‡Z †hŠb nqivwbi wkKvi bv nq Ges wkLb ¯’v‡b wbivc` †eva K‡i; †mRb¨ wkÿv cÖwZôv‡b AwaK nv‡i bvix wkÿ‡Ki msL¨v evov‡Z n‡e| †hLv‡b bvix I cyiæl wk¶K‡ì g‡a¨ fvimvg¨ AbycvZ †bB; †mLv‡b KwgDwbwU †_‡K bvix †¯^”Qv‡meK‡K †kÖwYKÿ mnvwqKv wn‡m‡e wb‡qvM †`qv †h‡Z cv‡i|

†RÛviwfwËK mwnsmZv msNwUZ n‡j, †MvcbxqZv I wbivc` cÖwZ‡e`b, Awf‡hvM cÖ`v‡bi my‡hvM Ges mvov cÖ`v‡bi welq¸‡jv ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| G¸‡jv RvZxq KZ©„c¶ ev ¯^vaxb †Kv‡bv msMVb, hv‡ì †RÛviwfwËK mwnsmZvq Kv‡Ri AwfÁZv i‡q‡Q Zv‡ì Øviv cwiPvwjZ n‡Z cv‡i| †RÛviwfwËK mwnsmZvq AvµvšÍ‡ì wU‡K _vKvi

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Rb¨ mymgwš^Z †idv‡ij eë¯’vi gva¨‡g Zv‡ì ¯^v¯’¨, g‡bvmvgvwRK myi¶v I AvBbMZ mnvqZv mnRcÖvc¨ n‡Z n‡e (wb‡Pi wb‡`©wkKv 9 †`Lyb; wk¶K I Ab¨vb¨ wk¶vKg©x gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 3, c„ôv 95-96 Ges wk¶vbxwZ gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 1, c„ôv 103-104 †`Lyb) |

5. wk¶v_x© I Zv‡ì wkLb ¯v’ ‡bi g‡a¨ m‡ev© ”P ì~ Z:¡ wk¶v_x© I wkLb ¯v’ b¸‡jvi g‡a¨ m‡ev© ”P ì~ Z¡ ¯v’ bxq A_ev RvZxq gvb Øviv wbav© wiZ n‡e| ˆmwbK‡ì Avevmb, ¯j’ gvBb Ges Nb R½‡j wkLb¯v’ b wbevP© ‡bi †ÿ‡Î miy ÿv, wbivcËv Ges AwfMg¨Zv we‡ePbv Kiv Riæwi| wk¶v_x© , AwffveK Ges ¯v’ bxq Rb‡Mvôxi Ab¨vb¨ m`m¨‡ì mv‡_ wkL‡bi ¯v’ b wbev© Pb Ges m¤v¢ e¨ wec` m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z n‡e| hw` wk¶v_x© ‡ì Rb¨ ¯‹‡z ji ì~ Z¡ GZ †ewk nq †h Zviv we`¨vj‡q Avm‡Z cvi‡e bv †m‡¶‡Î wk¶v_x© ‡ì evwoi Kv‡Q †Kv_vI AwZwi³ Kv¬ ‡mi eë¯v’ Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i (Dc‡ii wb‡`w© kKv 3 Ges wb‡Pi wb‡`w© kKv 6-7 †`Lby )|

6. we`¨vj‡q hvIqv-Avmvi c_: mKj wk¶v_©x, wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x Ges KwgDwbwUi we`¨vj‡q hvZvqvZ‡K wbivc` Ki‡Z m¤¢ve¨ fq-fxwZ I ûgwKi DcKiYmg~n wPwýZ Ki‡Z n‡e Ges Gi cÖwZKv‡ii eë¯’v MÖn‡Yi Rb¨ mKj‡K GKgZ n‡Z n‡e| D`vniY¯îƒc, †hLv‡b wk¶v_©x‡ì‡K †nu‡U we`¨vj‡q †h‡Z nq ev †h c‡_ Av‡jvi eë¯’v Kg †mme †¶‡Î iv¯Ívq cÖ‡qvRbxq Av‡jvi mieivn wbwðZ Kiv, mgv‡Ri eq¯‹‡ì Øviv cvnviv †`qv, wk¶v_©x‡ì e¨v‡M ev †cvkv‡K Av‡jv cÖwZdjK wdZvi eë¯’v Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i (Dc‡ii wb‡`©wkKv 3 I wb‡Pi wb‡`©wkKv 7, †`Lyb; KwgDwbwUi AskMÖnY gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 2-5, c„ôv 25-28; Ges wkÿvbxwZ gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 1, c„ôv 103-104 †`Lyb)|

7. SuywKgy³ wk¶v: wKQz wKQz †¶‡Î wk¶v_©x, wk¶K I Ab¨vb¨ wk¶vKg©x we`¨vj‡q hvZvqv‡Zi c‡_ kvixwiK I g‡bvmvgvwRK SuywKi g‡a¨ c‡o| wKQz c`‡¶‡ci gva¨‡g GB SuywK wKQzUv Kgv‡bv hvq:

wbivcËv welqK evZ©v, g‡bvmvgvwRK mnvqZv, gvbevwaKvi welqK wk¶v, Ø›Ø-msNvZ wbim‡bi Dcvq, kvwšÍ cÖwZôv Ges gvbevwaKvi AvBb, BZ¨vw` welqmg~n cvV¨cy¯ÍÍ‡K AšÍf©y³ Kiv;†R‡bfv Kb‡fbkb Ges Rome Statute of the International Criminal

Court-Gi eënvi Ges Gi A_© m¤ú‡K© Rbm‡PbZv e„w× Kiv, †hLv‡b mvaviY gvbyl †hgb-QvÎ I wk¶K Ges wkÿvfeb¸‡jvi Ici hy‡×i mgq AvµgY wbwl× Kiv n‡q‡Q;wk¶v myi¶vq gvbweKZv AvB‡bi g~j bxwZgvjv I Zvi cÖ‡qv‡Mi e¨vcv‡i miKvi, mvgwiK wePvi wefvMxq eë¯’v, mk¯¿ evwnbx Ges mk¯¿ `‡ji g‡a¨ m¶gZv ˆZwi Kiv;

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wbivcËv cÖnix, myiwÿZ feb ev mxgvbv †`qvj eënvi Kiv (†eZbfz³ ev KwgDwbwU †¯^”Qv‡meK);wkÿK‡ì wkÿv‡K‡›`ªi cv‡k _vKvi eë¯’v;wkL‡bi ¯’vb bZzbfv‡e wbg©vY Ges QvÎ, wk¶K I Ab¨vb¨ wk¶vKg©x‡ì †_‡K fqfxwZ `~i Kivi c`‡ÿc MÖnY;evwo I KwgDwbwUwfwËK we`¨vjq cÖwZôv Kiv|

cwiw¯’wZ I wbivcËv we‡ePbvq KwgDwbwU A_ev KwgDwbwU wk¶v KwgwU we`¨vj‡qi myi¶vi `vwqZ¡ wb‡Z cv‡i| †hgb- Zviv wbivcËvi Rb¨ cvnvivi eë¯’v Ki‡Z cv‡i A_ev KwgDwbwUi ga¨ †_‡K wek¦vmx e¨w³ ev ag©xq †bZv‡K wk¶vi `vwqZ¡ Ges we`¨vjq‡K mnvqZv Kivi Rb¨ wbhy³ Ki‡Z cv‡i| hLb KwgDwbwU‡Z Ø›Ø-msNv‡Zi m„wó nq ZLb Dfq c‡¶i g‡a¨ Avjvc-Av‡jvPbv K‡i GKwU AvPiYwewa cÖYqb Kiv hvq; hv we`¨vjq Ges Ab¨vb¨ wkL‡bi ¯’vbmg~n‡K kvwšÍi †K›`ª wnmv‡e cwiwPwZ †`‡e|

RvwZms‡Ni wbivcËv KvDwÝj cÖ¯Íve 1612 (2005) Abyhvqx, we`¨vjq Ges nvmcvZv‡ji Ici AvµgY QqwU gvivZ¥K mwnsmZvi g‡a¨ GKwU| hw` G ai‡bi AvµgY nq, Zvn‡j RvwZmsN cwiexÿY Ges cÖwZ‡e`b cÖwµqvi gva¨‡g Awf‡hvM `vwLj Ki‡Z n‡e (wk¶vbxwZ gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 1, c„ôv 103-104 Ges wkÿvbxwZ gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 4, c„ôv 109 †`Lyb)|

8. g‡bvmvgvwRK mnvqZv Ges Kj¨vY e„w×‡Z cÖwk¶Y: wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿKg©xiv wk¶v_©x‡ì g‡bvmvgvwRK mnvqZv cÖ`vb Kivi Rb¨ wb‡gœv³ wel‡q cÖwk¶Y MÖnY Ki‡e:

KvVv‡gvMZ wkLb;wkïevÜe c×wZi eënvi;†Ljvayjv I we‡bv`b;Rxeb-wbf©i wkÿv cÖ`vb;†idv‡ij (Ab¨Î cvVv‡bvi eë¯’v)|

wk¶K I Ab¨vb¨ wk¶vKg©x‡ì cÖ‡qvR‡bi w`KwUI we‡ePbv Kiv ìKvi| Gi gva¨‡g wkÿv_©xiv Zv‡ì AvbyôvwbK I DcvbyôvwbK wkÿv my›ì I mdjfv‡e m¤úbœ Ki‡Z cvi‡e (wk¶Y I wkLb gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 6, c„ôv 78; wk¶Y I wkLb gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 2. c„ôv 81-82 Ges wk¶K I Ab¨vb¨ wk¶vKg©x gvb 3, c„ôv 97-98 †`Lyb)|

9. Awnsm †kªwYK¶ eë¯’vcbv: WvKvi †d«gIqvK© Abymv‡i, wk¶v Kvh©µg Ggbfv‡e cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z n‡e, Ô†hb wk¶v_©x‡ì g‡a¨ cvi¯úwiK mngwg©Zv, kvwšÍ Ges mnbkxjZv e„w× cvq hv Ø›Ø-msNvZ I mwnsmZv cÖwZ‡iva Ki‡Z cv‡iÕ| GB j‡¶¨

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Rb¨ mymgwš^Z †idv‡ij eë¯’vi gva¨‡g Zv‡ì ¯^v¯’¨, g‡bvmvgvwRK myi¶v I AvBbMZ mnvqZv mnRcÖvc¨ n‡Z n‡e (wb‡Pi wb‡`©wkKv 9 †`Lyb; wk¶K I Ab¨vb¨ wk¶vKg©x gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 3, c„ôv 95-96 Ges wk¶vbxwZ gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 1, c„ôv 103-104 †`Lyb) |

5. wk¶v_x© I Zv‡ì wkLb ¯v’ ‡bi g‡a¨ m‡ev© ”P ì~ Z:¡ wk¶v_x© I wkLb ¯v’ b¸‡jvi g‡a¨ m‡ev© ”P ì~ Z¡ ¯v’ bxq A_ev RvZxq gvb Øviv wbav© wiZ n‡e| ˆmwbK‡ì Avevmb, ¯j’ gvBb Ges Nb R½‡j wkLb¯v’ b wbevP© ‡bi †ÿ‡Î miy ÿv, wbivcËv Ges AwfMg¨Zv we‡ePbv Kiv Riæwi| wk¶v_x© , AwffveK Ges ¯v’ bxq Rb‡Mvôxi Ab¨vb¨ m`m¨‡ì mv‡_ wkL‡bi ¯v’ b wbev© Pb Ges m¤v¢ e¨ wec` m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z n‡e| hw` wk¶v_x© ‡ì Rb¨ ¯‹‡z ji ì~ Z¡ GZ †ewk nq †h Zviv we`¨vj‡q Avm‡Z cvi‡e bv †m‡¶‡Î wk¶v_x© ‡ì evwoi Kv‡Q †Kv_vI AwZwi³ Kv¬ ‡mi eë¯v’ Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i (Dc‡ii wb‡`w© kKv 3 Ges wb‡Pi wb‡`w© kKv 6-7 †`Lby )|

6. we`¨vj‡q hvIqv-Avmvi c_: mKj wk¶v_©x, wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x Ges KwgDwbwUi we`¨vj‡q hvZvqvZ‡K wbivc` Ki‡Z m¤¢ve¨ fq-fxwZ I ûgwKi DcKiYmg~n wPwýZ Ki‡Z n‡e Ges Gi cÖwZKv‡ii eë¯’v MÖn‡Yi Rb¨ mKj‡K GKgZ n‡Z n‡e| D`vniY¯îƒc, †hLv‡b wk¶v_©x‡ì‡K †nu‡U we`¨vj‡q †h‡Z nq ev †h c‡_ Av‡jvi eë¯’v Kg †mme †¶‡Î iv¯Ívq cÖ‡qvRbxq Av‡jvi mieivn wbwðZ Kiv, mgv‡Ri eq¯‹‡ì Øviv cvnviv †`qv, wk¶v_©x‡ì e¨v‡M ev †cvkv‡K Av‡jv cÖwZdjK wdZvi eë¯’v Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i (Dc‡ii wb‡`©wkKv 3 I wb‡Pi wb‡`©wkKv 7, †`Lyb; KwgDwbwUi AskMÖnY gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 2-5, c„ôv 25-28; Ges wkÿvbxwZ gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 1, c„ôv 103-104 †`Lyb)|

7. SuywKgy³ wk¶v: wKQz wKQz †¶‡Î wk¶v_©x, wk¶K I Ab¨vb¨ wk¶vKg©x we`¨vj‡q hvZvqv‡Zi c‡_ kvixwiK I g‡bvmvgvwRK SuywKi g‡a¨ c‡o| wKQz c`‡¶‡ci gva¨‡g GB SuywK wKQzUv Kgv‡bv hvq:

wbivcËv welqK evZ©v, g‡bvmvgvwRK mnvqZv, gvbevwaKvi welqK wk¶v, Ø›Ø-msNvZ wbim‡bi Dcvq, kvwšÍ cÖwZôv Ges gvbevwaKvi AvBb, BZ¨vw` welqmg~n cvV¨cy¯ÍÍ‡K AšÍf©y³ Kiv;†R‡bfv Kb‡fbkb Ges Rome Statute of the International Criminal

Court-Gi eënvi Ges Gi A_© m¤ú‡K© Rbm‡PbZv e„w× Kiv, †hLv‡b mvaviY gvbyl †hgb-QvÎ I wk¶K Ges wkÿvfeb¸‡jvi Ici hy‡×i mgq AvµgY wbwl× Kiv n‡q‡Q;wk¶v myi¶vq gvbweKZv AvB‡bi g~j bxwZgvjv I Zvi cÖ‡qv‡Mi e¨vcv‡i miKvi, mvgwiK wePvi wefvMxq eë¯’v, mk¯¿ evwnbx Ges mk¯¿ `‡ji g‡a¨ m¶gZv ˆZwi Kiv;

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wbivcËv cÖnix, myiwÿZ feb ev mxgvbv †`qvj eënvi Kiv (†eZbfz³ ev KwgDwbwU †¯^”Qv‡meK);wkÿK‡ì wkÿv‡K‡›`ªi cv‡k _vKvi eë¯’v;wkL‡bi ¯’vb bZzbfv‡e wbg©vY Ges QvÎ, wk¶K I Ab¨vb¨ wk¶vKg©x‡ì †_‡K fqfxwZ `~i Kivi c`‡ÿc MÖnY;evwo I KwgDwbwUwfwËK we`¨vjq cÖwZôv Kiv|

cwiw¯’wZ I wbivcËv we‡ePbvq KwgDwbwU A_ev KwgDwbwU wk¶v KwgwU we`¨vj‡qi myi¶vi `vwqZ¡ wb‡Z cv‡i| †hgb- Zviv wbivcËvi Rb¨ cvnvivi eë¯’v Ki‡Z cv‡i A_ev KwgDwbwUi ga¨ †_‡K wek¦vmx e¨w³ ev ag©xq †bZv‡K wk¶vi `vwqZ¡ Ges we`¨vjq‡K mnvqZv Kivi Rb¨ wbhy³ Ki‡Z cv‡i| hLb KwgDwbwU‡Z Ø›Ø-msNv‡Zi m„wó nq ZLb Dfq c‡¶i g‡a¨ Avjvc-Av‡jvPbv K‡i GKwU AvPiYwewa cÖYqb Kiv hvq; hv we`¨vjq Ges Ab¨vb¨ wkL‡bi ¯’vbmg~n‡K kvwšÍi †K›`ª wnmv‡e cwiwPwZ †`‡e|

RvwZms‡Ni wbivcËv KvDwÝj cÖ¯Íve 1612 (2005) Abyhvqx, we`¨vjq Ges nvmcvZv‡ji Ici AvµgY QqwU gvivZ¥K mwnsmZvi g‡a¨ GKwU| hw` G ai‡bi AvµgY nq, Zvn‡j RvwZmsN cwiexÿY Ges cÖwZ‡e`b cÖwµqvi gva¨‡g Awf‡hvM `vwLj Ki‡Z n‡e (wk¶vbxwZ gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 1, c„ôv 103-104 Ges wkÿvbxwZ gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 4, c„ôv 109 †`Lyb)|

8. g‡bvmvgvwRK mnvqZv Ges Kj¨vY e„w×‡Z cÖwk¶Y: wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿKg©xiv wk¶v_©x‡ì g‡bvmvgvwRK mnvqZv cÖ`vb Kivi Rb¨ wb‡gœv³ wel‡q cÖwk¶Y MÖnY Ki‡e:

KvVv‡gvMZ wkLb;wkïevÜe c×wZi eënvi;†Ljvayjv I we‡bv`b;Rxeb-wbf©i wkÿv cÖ`vb;†idv‡ij (Ab¨Î cvVv‡bvi eë¯’v)|

wk¶K I Ab¨vb¨ wk¶vKg©x‡ì cÖ‡qvR‡bi w`KwUI we‡ePbv Kiv ìKvi| Gi gva¨‡g wkÿv_©xiv Zv‡ì AvbyôvwbK I DcvbyôvwbK wkÿv my›ì I mdjfv‡e m¤úbœ Ki‡Z cvi‡e (wk¶Y I wkLb gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 6, c„ôv 78; wk¶Y I wkLb gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 2. c„ôv 81-82 Ges wk¶K I Ab¨vb¨ wk¶vKg©x gvb 3, c„ôv 97-98 †`Lyb)|

9. Awnsm †kªwYK¶ eë¯’vcbv: WvKvi †d«gIqvK© Abymv‡i, wk¶v Kvh©µg Ggbfv‡e cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z n‡e, Ô†hb wk¶v_©x‡ì g‡a¨ cvi¯úwiK mngwg©Zv, kvwšÍ Ges mnbkxjZv e„w× cvq hv Ø›Ø-msNvZ I mwnsmZv cÖwZ‡iva Ki‡Z cv‡iÕ| GB j‡¶¨

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†cuŠQv‡Z n‡j wk¶K‡ì Rb¨ mnvqK †kªwYK‡ÿi eë¯’v _vKv cÖ‡qvRb| A_©vr wkLb cwi‡ek wk¶v_©x‡ì g‡a¨ cvi¯úwiK mngwg©Zv, kvwšÍ, mnbkxjZv e„w× K‡i Ges Ø›Ø-msNvZ I mwnsmZv wbim‡bi wbðqZv cÖ`vb K‡i| GB iKg cwi‡ek cÖwZôvi Rb¨ k„•Ljv I KvVv‡gvMZ c×wZ cÖeZ©‡bi cÖ‡qvRb| GB k„•Ljv‡eva wkÿv_©x‡ì †eÎvNvZ, Mvjg›`, Aegvbbv Ges fxwZ cÖ`k©b e‡Ü mnvqZv Ki‡Z cv‡i| fqfxwZi g‡a¨ gvbwmK Pvc, wbh©vZb, Mvjg›`, Ges êlgÏ AšÍf©y³| G mg¯Í welq¸‡jv wkÿK‡ì AvPiYwewai g‡a¨ AšÍfz©³ Ki‡Z n‡e Ges wk¶K cÖwk¶Y I Ab¨vb¨ Z`viwKg~jK Kvh©µ‡g AšÍf©y³ Ki‡Z n‡e (wk¶Y I wkLb gvb 2-3, c„ôv 81-85; wk¶K I Ab¨vb¨ wk¶vKg©x gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 3, c„ôv 95-96 Ges wk¶K I Ab¨vb¨ wk¶vKg©x gvb 3, c„ôv 97-98 †`Lyb)|

10.¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi AskMÖnY: wkLb cwi‡ek wbg©vY, Gi ¯’vqxZ¡ wbwðZKiY Ges myiwÿZ Ki‡Z KwgDwbwU †bZ…¯’vbxq f~wgKv cvjb Ki‡e| wk¶v Kg©m~wP cÖYqbKvjxb mKj wec`vcbœ †Mvôxi cÖwZwbwa‡ì AskMÖnY _vK‡Z n‡e| G‡Z wkÿv Kvh©µ‡g RbM‡Yi AskMÖnY e„w× cv‡e (KwgDwbwUi AskMÖnY gvb 1, c„ôv 24-29; AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 7, c„ôv 58-59 †`Lyb)|

11.`y‡h©vM SuywK n«vm I eë¯’vcbv: `y‡h©vM cÖkgb Ges eë¯’vcbv Kvh©µ‡g mnvqZvi j‡ÿ¨ wk¶v_©x, wk¶K I Ab¨vb¨ wk¶vKg©xMY‡K cÖwkÿY cÖ`vb Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| cÖwkÿ‡Y wb‡¤œv³ welqmg~n AšÍf©y³ n‡e:

Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z cÖ¯‘wZ cwiKíbvi Dbœqb I mØënvi;m¤¢ve¨ I evievi msNwUZ nq Ggb `y‡h©vM we‡ePbvq m¤¢ve¨ KiYxq wel‡q gnov;we`¨vj‡qi KvVv‡gvMZ I AeKvVv‡gvMZ wbivcËv welqK c`‡¶c; †hgb f~wgK¤úcÖeY GjvKvi we`¨vj‡qi Rb¨ AcmviY ev ¯’vbvšÍi cwiKíbv|

we`¨vj‡qi Rb¨ `y‡h©vM eë¯’vcbv cwiKíbv ˆZwi I ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôx ev we`¨vj‡qi wbivcËv welqK KwgwUi mnvqZvi cÖ‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i| GB mnvqZv n‡Z cv‡i `y‡h©vM SzuwK wbiƒcY I AMÖvwaKvi SzuwK wPwýZKi‡Y mnvqZv, KvVv‡gvMZ Ges cwi‡ekMZ myiÿv-†KŠkj ev¯Íevqb Ges mvov`vb cÖ¯‘wZ Kvh©µ‡g Dbœqb cÖwµqv I `ÿZv Dbœq‡b mnvqZv Kiv|

¯’vbvšÍi cwiKíbvmn Riæwi cwiw¯’wZi cÖ¯‘wZ cwiKíbv Ggbfv‡e ˆZwi n‡e; hv‡Z kvixwiK, eyw×MZ I gvbwmK cÖwZeÜx I Kg wkw¶Z e¨w³mn mK‡jiB †evaMg¨ nq I †m Abyhvqx KvR Ki‡Z cv‡i (ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 3, c„ôv 39-40; AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 3, wb‡`©wkKv 1-2, c„ôv 66-68; wk¶Y I wkLb gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 6, c„ôv 83; wkÿvbxwZ gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 2 I 6, c„ôv 104-105 I 106 †`Lyb)|

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KiYxq: (wb‡`©wkKvi mv‡_ wgwj‡q co‡Z n‡e)

wkLb ¯’vb Ges Gi KvVv‡gv, wk¶v_©x, wk¶K I Ab¨vb¨ mKj wk¶vKg©xi Rb¨ mn‡R cÖ‡ek‡hvM¨ Ges wbivc` (wb‡`©wkKv 1-4 †`Lyb)|

`y‡h©vM mwnòz bKkv I KvVv‡gvi cvkvcvwk cÖ‡qvRbvbyhvqx A¯’vqx I ¯’vqx wk¶v †K›`ª †givgZ I cybt¯’vcb I cybtwbg©vY Kiv (wb‡`©wkKv 2 I 4 †`Lyb)|

wkLb †K›`ªmg~n `„k¨gvb myi¶v mxgvbv I wPý Øviv wbw`©ó Kiv|

wkLb †K›`ª wn‡m‡e eëüZ ¯’vbmg~n cwiw¯’wZ Abyhvqx eënv‡ii Dc‡hvMx n‡e Ges G‡Z cÖ‡qvRbxq †kªwYK¶, cÖkvmb, we‡bv`b I cqtwb®‹vk‡bi Rb¨ ch©vß RvqMvi eë¯’v (wb‡`©wkKv 2 I 4 †`Lyb)|

AskMÖnYg~jK I wk¶v_©xevÜe wkÿv c×wZ M‡o †Zvjvi j‡ÿ¨ RvZxqfv‡e wba©vwiZ wk¶K-wk¶v_©x AbycvZ, †kªwYK‡¶i ¯’vb I emvi eë¯’v (wb‡`©wkKv 4 †`Lyb)|

wkLb cwi‡ek wbg©vY I i¶Yv‡e¶‡Y KwgDwbwUi bexb m`m¨‡ì AskMÖnY (wb‡`©wkKv 1-3 †`Lyb)|

wj½, eqm I cÖwZeÜx e¨w³i welq we‡ePbv K‡i e¨w³MZ cwi®‹vi cwi”QbœZv I myi¶vi Rb¨ ch©vß wbivc` cvwb I cqtwb®‹vk‡bi eë¯’v (wb‡`©wkKv 3 I 5-6 †`Lyb)|

we`¨gvb wkLb cwi‡e‡k `ÿZv wfwËK ¯^v¯’¨ I cwi®‹vi-cwi”QbœZv welqK wkÿv cÖ`vb Kiv (wb‡`©wkKv 6 †`Lyb)|

wkLb‡K Kvh©Ki Ge© Av‡ivI DbœZ Ki‡Z ¶zav I Acywói g‡Zv mKj cÖwZeÜKZvmg~n `~i Kiv (wb‡`©wkKv 7 †`Lyb)|

we`¨vjq I wkLb ¯’vbmg~n wkï myi¶v, ¯^v¯’¨, cywó, mvgvwRK I g‡bvmvgvwRK †mevi mv‡_ hy³ (wb‡`©wkKv 8 †`Lyb)|

wb‡`©wkKv1. ¯v’ b: wk¶v_x© , wk¶K I Ab¨vb¨ wk¶vKgx© ‡ì mgvb AskMnÖ Y I kvixwiK wbivcËv

wbwðZ K‡i Ggb ¯v’ ‡b wkÿv‡K› ª wbgv© Y A_ev cby twbgv© Y Ki‡Z n‡e| wkLb ¯v’ b wbevP© ‡b `‡y hv© ‡Mi c‡~ e© wkÿv‡K› ª †hLv‡b wQ‡jv †m RvqMv cby ivq eënvi Kiv hvq wKbv Zv we‡ePbv Kiv Riæwi| GQvov c‡~ ei© ¯v’ ‡b we`¨vjq wbgv© Y KwgDwbwUi g‡a¨

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AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 3:my‡hvM myweav I †mevmg~n

wkÿv eë¯’v wk¶v_©x, wk¶K I Ab¨vb¨ wk¶vKg©x‡ì wbivcËv I Kj¨vY e„w× K‡i Ges Zv ¯^v¯’¨, cywó, g‡bvmvgvwRK Ges myi¶v †mevmg~‡ni mv‡_ hy³ n‡Z mnvqZv K‡i|


†cuŠQv‡Z n‡j wk¶K‡ì Rb¨ mnvqK †kªwYK‡ÿi eë¯’v _vKv cÖ‡qvRb| A_©vr wkLb cwi‡ek wk¶v_©x‡ì g‡a¨ cvi¯úwiK mngwg©Zv, kvwšÍ, mnbkxjZv e„w× K‡i Ges Ø›Ø-msNvZ I mwnsmZv wbim‡bi wbðqZv cÖ`vb K‡i| GB iKg cwi‡ek cÖwZôvi Rb¨ k„•Ljv I KvVv‡gvMZ c×wZ cÖeZ©‡bi cÖ‡qvRb| GB k„•Ljv‡eva wkÿv_©x‡ì †eÎvNvZ, Mvjg›`, Aegvbbv Ges fxwZ cÖ`k©b e‡Ü mnvqZv Ki‡Z cv‡i| fqfxwZi g‡a¨ gvbwmK Pvc, wbh©vZb, Mvjg›`, Ges êlgÏ AšÍf©y³| G mg¯Í welq¸‡jv wkÿK‡ì AvPiYwewai g‡a¨ AšÍfz©³ Ki‡Z n‡e Ges wk¶K cÖwk¶Y I Ab¨vb¨ Z`viwKg~jK Kvh©µ‡g AšÍf©y³ Ki‡Z n‡e (wk¶Y I wkLb gvb 2-3, c„ôv 81-85; wk¶K I Ab¨vb¨ wk¶vKg©x gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 3, c„ôv 95-96 Ges wk¶K I Ab¨vb¨ wk¶vKg©x gvb 3, c„ôv 97-98 †`Lyb)|

10.¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi AskMÖnY: wkLb cwi‡ek wbg©vY, Gi ¯’vqxZ¡ wbwðZKiY Ges myiwÿZ Ki‡Z KwgDwbwU †bZ…¯’vbxq f~wgKv cvjb Ki‡e| wk¶v Kg©m~wP cÖYqbKvjxb mKj wec`vcbœ †Mvôxi cÖwZwbwa‡ì AskMÖnY _vK‡Z n‡e| G‡Z wkÿv Kvh©µ‡g RbM‡Yi AskMÖnY e„w× cv‡e (KwgDwbwUi AskMÖnY gvb 1, c„ôv 24-29; AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 7, c„ôv 58-59 †`Lyb)|

11.`y‡h©vM SuywK n«vm I eë¯’vcbv: `y‡h©vM cÖkgb Ges eë¯’vcbv Kvh©µ‡g mnvqZvi j‡ÿ¨ wk¶v_©x, wk¶K I Ab¨vb¨ wk¶vKg©xMY‡K cÖwkÿY cÖ`vb Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| cÖwkÿ‡Y wb‡¤œv³ welqmg~n AšÍf©y³ n‡e:

Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z cÖ¯‘wZ cwiKíbvi Dbœqb I mØënvi;m¤¢ve¨ I evievi msNwUZ nq Ggb `y‡h©vM we‡ePbvq m¤¢ve¨ KiYxq wel‡q gnov;we`¨vj‡qi KvVv‡gvMZ I AeKvVv‡gvMZ wbivcËv welqK c`‡¶c; †hgb f~wgK¤úcÖeY GjvKvi we`¨vj‡qi Rb¨ AcmviY ev ¯’vbvšÍi cwiKíbv|

we`¨vj‡qi Rb¨ `y‡h©vM eë¯’vcbv cwiKíbv ˆZwi I ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôx ev we`¨vj‡qi wbivcËv welqK KwgwUi mnvqZvi cÖ‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i| GB mnvqZv n‡Z cv‡i `y‡h©vM SzuwK wbiƒcY I AMÖvwaKvi SzuwK wPwýZKi‡Y mnvqZv, KvVv‡gvMZ Ges cwi‡ekMZ myiÿv-†KŠkj ev¯Íevqb Ges mvov`vb cÖ¯‘wZ Kvh©µ‡g Dbœqb cÖwµqv I `ÿZv Dbœq‡b mnvqZv Kiv|

¯’vbvšÍi cwiKíbvmn Riæwi cwiw¯’wZi cÖ¯‘wZ cwiKíbv Ggbfv‡e ˆZwi n‡e; hv‡Z kvixwiK, eyw×MZ I gvbwmK cÖwZeÜx I Kg wkw¶Z e¨w³mn mK‡jiB †evaMg¨ nq I †m Abyhvqx KvR Ki‡Z cv‡i (ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 3, c„ôv 39-40; AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 3, wb‡`©wkKv 1-2, c„ôv 66-68; wk¶Y I wkLb gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 6, c„ôv 83; wkÿvbxwZ gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 2 I 6, c„ôv 104-105 I 106 †`Lyb)|

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wkLb ¯’vb Ges Gi KvVv‡gv, wk¶v_©x, wk¶K I Ab¨vb¨ mKj wk¶vKg©xi Rb¨ mn‡R cÖ‡ek‡hvM¨ Ges wbivc` (wb‡`©wkKv 1-4 †`Lyb)|

`y‡h©vM mwnòz bKkv I KvVv‡gvi cvkvcvwk cÖ‡qvRbvbyhvqx A¯’vqx I ¯’vqx wk¶v †K›`ª †givgZ I cybt¯’vcb I cybtwbg©vY Kiv (wb‡`©wkKv 2 I 4 †`Lyb)|

wkLb †K›`ªmg~n `„k¨gvb myi¶v mxgvbv I wPý Øviv wbw`©ó Kiv|

wkLb †K›`ª wn‡m‡e eëüZ ¯’vbmg~n cwiw¯’wZ Abyhvqx eënv‡ii Dc‡hvMx n‡e Ges G‡Z cÖ‡qvRbxq †kªwYK¶, cÖkvmb, we‡bv`b I cqtwb®‹vk‡bi Rb¨ ch©vß RvqMvi eë¯’v (wb‡`©wkKv 2 I 4 †`Lyb)|

AskMÖnYg~jK I wk¶v_©xevÜe wkÿv c×wZ M‡o †Zvjvi j‡ÿ¨ RvZxqfv‡e wba©vwiZ wk¶K-wk¶v_©x AbycvZ, †kªwYK‡¶i ¯’vb I emvi eë¯’v (wb‡`©wkKv 4 †`Lyb)|

wkLb cwi‡ek wbg©vY I i¶Yv‡e¶‡Y KwgDwbwUi bexb m`m¨‡ì AskMÖnY (wb‡`©wkKv 1-3 †`Lyb)|

wj½, eqm I cÖwZeÜx e¨w³i welq we‡ePbv K‡i e¨w³MZ cwi®‹vi cwi”QbœZv I myi¶vi Rb¨ ch©vß wbivc` cvwb I cqtwb®‹vk‡bi eë¯’v (wb‡`©wkKv 3 I 5-6 †`Lyb)|

we`¨gvb wkLb cwi‡e‡k `ÿZv wfwËK ¯^v¯’¨ I cwi®‹vi-cwi”QbœZv welqK wkÿv cÖ`vb Kiv (wb‡`©wkKv 6 †`Lyb)|

wkLb‡K Kvh©Ki Ge© Av‡ivI DbœZ Ki‡Z ¶zav I Acywói g‡Zv mKj cÖwZeÜKZvmg~n `~i Kiv (wb‡`©wkKv 7 †`Lyb)|

we`¨vjq I wkLb ¯’vbmg~n wkï myi¶v, ¯^v¯’¨, cywó, mvgvwRK I g‡bvmvgvwRK †mevi mv‡_ hy³ (wb‡`©wkKv 8 †`Lyb)|

wb‡`©wkKv1. ¯v’ b: wk¶v_x© , wk¶K I Ab¨vb¨ wk¶vKgx© ‡ì mgvb AskMnÖ Y I kvixwiK wbivcËv

wbwðZ K‡i Ggb ¯v’ ‡b wkÿv‡K› ª wbgv© Y A_ev cby twbgv© Y Ki‡Z n‡e| wkLb ¯v’ b wbevP© ‡b `‡y hv© ‡Mi c‡~ e© wkÿv‡K› ª †hLv‡b wQ‡jv †m RvqMv cby ivq eënvi Kiv hvq wKbv Zv we‡ePbv Kiv Riæwi| GQvov c‡~ ei© ¯v’ ‡b we`¨vjq wbgv© Y KwgDwbwUi g‡a¨

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AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 3:my‡hvM myweav I †mevmg~n

wkÿv eë¯’v wk¶v_©x, wk¶K I Ab¨vb¨ wk¶vKg©x‡ì wbivcËv I Kj¨vY e„w× K‡i Ges Zv ¯^v¯’¨, cywó, g‡bvmvgvwRK Ges myi¶v †mevmg~‡ni mv‡_ hy³ n‡Z mnvqZv K‡i|


êlg¨ ˆZwi Ki‡Z cv‡i A_ev wk¶v_x© iv AveviI cvÖ Kw… ZK `‡y hv© ‡Mi Swyu K‡Z co‡Z cv‡i| G‡ÿ‡Î AZ¨šÍ mZK© Zvi mv‡_ êl‡gï welqmgn~ Ges `‡y hv© M Swyu K wbiƒcY Kiv Riæwi| †Kv_vq wkÿv‡K› ª ¯v’ cb Kiv hvq; G wel‡q RvZxq KZc©… ‡¶i cwÖ Zwbwa Ges KwgDwbwU m`m¨‡ì eo GKwU Ask; we‡kl K‡i hviv `‡y hv© ‡M wec`vcbœ Zv‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv Kiv DwPZ| Zviv G wel‡q gj~ ëvb Z_¨ w`‡Z cv‡i| we`¨vjq I wkÿv‡K› ª hv‡Z wkÿv_x© ‡ì evwo I Ab¨vb¨ c‡Ö qvRbxq †mevi KvQvKvwQ nq; Zv wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ Ab¨vb¨ Lv‡Zi mv‡_ (†hgb, K¨v¤ú mgšq I eë¯v’ cbv, Avkqª I ¯v¯’ ) mg¤q eRvq ivLv c‡Ö qvRb (chv© ‡jvPbv gvb 1, wb‡`w© kKv 1-6, cô„ v 24-29; AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 2, wb‡`w© kKv 11, cô„ v 65; wk¶vbxwZ gvb 1, wb‡`w© kKv 3, cô„ v 105 Ges mgšq gvb 1, cô„ v 33-36 †`Lby )|

2. KvVv‡gv, bKkv I wbg©vY: ¯’vqx I A¯’vqx wkÿv‡K›`ª bKkv cÖYqb I wbg©vY Kivi mgq wb‡gœv³ welq¸‡jv we‡ePbv Kiv cÖ‡qvRb:

wbivc` ¯’vb wbe©vPb: ¶wZMÖ¯Í we`¨vj‡qi KvVv‡gvMZ wbivcËvi Rb¨ †hvM¨ †ckv`vi Øviv Pvwn`v wbiƒcY Ges cÖ‡qvRb I Li‡Pi Dci wfwË K‡i feb¸‡jv cybtwbg©vY, †givgZ Ges cÖwZ¯’vcb‡K AMÖvwaKvi w`‡Z n‡e|me©Rbxb Ges `y‡h©vM-cÖwZ‡ivaK bKkv I wbgv©Y: A¯’vqx I ¯’vqx we`¨vjq wbg©v‡Yi †¶‡Î AvšÍR©vwZK feb wbg©vY †KvW †g‡b (A_ev gvb fv‡jv mv‡c‡ÿ ¯’vbxq feb wbg©vY †KvW †g‡b) we`¨vjq feb wbg©vY Ki‡Z n‡e| we`¨vjq feb wbg©vY cwiKíbv, wbgv©Y Ges i¶Yv‡e¶Y Ggbfv‡e n‡e; Zv †hb cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©vM I Ab¨vb¨ ûgwK †hgb AwMœKvÐ, So, f~wgK¤ú, f~wgaŸm BZ¨vw`‡Z wU‡K _vK‡Z cv‡i| we`¨vjq cyYtwbg©v‡Yi mgq GB wbðqZv _vK‡Z n‡e †h, fwel¨‡Z we`¨vj‡q hvZvqvZKvjxb †h SzuwK i‡q‡Q Zv wk¶v_©x, wk¶K I Ab¨vb¨ wk¶vKg©x‡ì cÖfvevaxb Ki‡e bv; gvbm¤§Z wk¶Y I wkLb cwi‡ek‡K DbœZ Ki‡Z we`¨vjq feb bKkv I wbgv©Y Ggbfv‡e Ki‡Z n‡e †hb cÖ‡qvRbvbyhvqx †kªwYK‡¶ Av‡jv, evZvm I DòZvi eë¯’v _v‡K|we`¨vj‡qi KvVv‡gv ¯’vbxq KZ©„c‡¶i Øviv i¶Yv‡e¶Y Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i Ges ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi Rb¨ GB A_© e¨q mvg_©¨‡hvM¨: we`¨vjq wbg©v‡Yi mgq h‡ZvUv m¤¢e ¯’’vbxqfv‡e DcKiY I kªwgK eënvi wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e| feb wbg©vY †hb e¨q-mvkªqx Ges KvVv‡gvwfwËK nq (†hgb; Qv`, †g‡S BZ¨vw` hv‡Z †UKmB nq) †mw`‡K bRi w`‡Z n‡e|ch©vß ev‡RU, m¤¢ve¨ mgmvgwqK I `xN©‡gqv`x eënvi Ges ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôx, wk¶v cwiKíbvKvix I eë¯’vcK‡ì m¤ú„³Zv: we`¨vjq KvVv‡gv A¯’vqx, Avav-¯’vqx, ¯’vqx, ewa©Z A_ev ¯’vbvšÍi‡hvM¨ n‡Z cv‡i| `y‡h©v‡M AvµvšÍ wewfbœ Rb‡Mvôxi AšÍØ©›Ø I Kjn we`¨vj‡qi wbg©vY I i¶Yv‡e¶Y‡K cÖfvweZ Ki‡Z cv‡i, Avevi we`¨vjq wbg©vY Kv‡R Zv‡ì †hŠ_ cÖqvm Ø›Ø-msNvZ wbim‡b f~wgKv ivL‡Z cv‡i (AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 11, c„ôv

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65; wk¶vbxwZ gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 3, c„ôv105; INEE Guidance Note on

Safer School Construction : INEE Toolkit:

www.ineesite.org/toolkit and Sphre Standards on Shelter, Settle-ment and Non-food Items).

3. cÖwZeÜx: we`¨vjq feb bKkv I wbg©vY Kivi mgq kvixwiK I `„wó cÖwZeÜx‡ì cÖ‡qvRb‡K AZ¨šÍ mZ©KZvi mv‡_ we‡ePbv Ki‡Z n‡e| we`¨vj‡q cÖ‡ek I ewnM©g‡bi iv¯Ív Ggbfv‡e wbg©vY Ki‡Z n‡e †hb cÖwZeÜx gvbyl; hviv ûBj †Pqv‡i Pjv‡div K‡i A_ev Ab¨vb¨ DcKiY eënvi K‡i Zv‡ì Rb¨ eënvi Dc‡hvMx nq| †kªwYK‡¶i RvqMv, AvmevecÎ, cvwb I cqtwb®‹vkb eë¯’v Aek¨B cÖwZeÜx‡ì Pvwn`v †gvZv‡eK ˆZwi Ki‡Z n‡e| we`¨vjq cybtwbg©vY Ges ¯’vbmg~n wba©viY Kivi mgq ¯’vbxq I RvZxq ch©v‡q †h mg¯Í msMVb wewfbœ iKg cÖwZeÜx gvby‡li cÖwZwbwaZ¡ K‡i, †hgb cÖwZeÜx wkï‡ì gvZv-wcZv, cÖwZeÜx hyeK Zv‡ì civgk© MÖnY Kiv DwPZ|

4. wkLb ¯’vbmg~n bKkv I i¶Yv‡e¶Y: wkLb ¯’vbmg~‡ni bKkv I wbg©vY Kivi mgq Kviv G¸‡jv eënvi Ki‡e Ges wKfv‡e eënvi Ki‡e †m welq¸‡jv m¤ú‡K© mZK© _vK‡Z n‡e| wkLb ¯’vb wj½, eqm, kvixwiK ¶gZv I mvs¯‹…wZK welq¸‡jv we‡ePbv K‡i mKj eënviKvixi Rb¨ Dchy³ nIqv cÖ‡qvRb| †kÖwYK‡ÿi m‡e©v”P AvqZb wbav©i‡Y ¯’vbxq ev¯Íem¤§Z gvb eRvq ivL‡Z n‡e| ch©vß cwigvY RvqMv ivL‡Z n‡e, hw` K¬v‡m wkÿv_©x †ewk nq, †m‡ÿ‡Î GB RvqMv¸‡jv wewfbœ wkd&U-G K¬vm Kivi †ÿ‡Î eëüZ n‡e| wkLb †K›`ª Ggbfv‡e ˆZwi Ki‡Z n‡e †hb `y‡h©v‡M wkÿv_©x, wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©xiv wbivc‡` †ei n‡Z cv‡i| †Pqvi, †Uwej, eø¨vK‡evW©mn wewfbœ AvmevecÎ I cqtwb®‹vkb myweavmn febKvVv‡gvi wbqwgZ iÿYv‡eÿY Ki‡Z n‡e| KwgDwbwUi m`m¨ Ges KwgDwbwU wkÿv KwgwUi m`mïv Zv‡ì mgq, kÖg Ges m¤ú` w`‡q wbqwgZ iÿYv‡eÿY Ki‡e (wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©xi gvb 3, wb‡`©wkKv 1, c„ôv 97 †`Lyb)|

5. cqtwb®‹vkb eë¯’v: we`¨vj‡qi cwimxgvi g‡a¨ A_ev Lye KvQvKvwQ ch©vß cqtwb®‹vk‡bi myweav _vK‡Z n‡e| cqtwb®‹vk‡bi GB myweav †c‡Z n‡j cvwb I cqtwb®‹vkb wefv‡Mi mv‡_ mg¤^q eRvq ivL‡Z n‡e| cqtwb®‹vk‡bi †¶‡Î †h welq¸‡jv †Lqvj Ki‡Z n‡e Zv n‡jv:

KwVb eR©¨ cwiZ¨vMKi‡Yi my‡hvM-myweav †hgb- Kb‡UBbvi Ges eR©¨ †djvi Rb¨ gvwU‡Z MZ© Kiv;cqtwb®‹vkb my‡hvM-myweav †hgb-gvwU‡Z MZ© Kiv Ges wb®‹vkb P¨v‡bj;e¨vw³MZ cwi®‹vi cwi”QbœZv I †kŠPvMvi cwi®‹v‡ii Rb¨ ch©vß cvwbi eë¯’v;

cqtwb®‹vkb eë¯’v Ggb nIqv DwPZ hv‡Z cÖwZeÜx gvbyl mn‡RB †kŠPvMvi eënvi Ki‡Z cv‡i Ges †mLv‡b †hb Zv‡ì wbivcËv, gh©v`v I †MvcbxqZv eRvq _v‡K|

cvIqv hv‡e

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êlg¨ ˆZwi Ki‡Z cv‡i A_ev wk¶v_x© iv AveviI cvÖ Kw… ZK `‡y hv© ‡Mi Swyu K‡Z co‡Z cv‡i| G‡ÿ‡Î AZ¨šÍ mZK© Zvi mv‡_ êl‡gï welqmgn~ Ges `‡y hv© M Swyu K wbiƒcY Kiv Riæwi| †Kv_vq wkÿv‡K› ª ¯v’ cb Kiv hvq; G wel‡q RvZxq KZc©… ‡¶i cwÖ Zwbwa Ges KwgDwbwU m`m¨‡ì eo GKwU Ask; we‡kl K‡i hviv `‡y hv© ‡M wec`vcbœ Zv‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv Kiv DwPZ| Zviv G wel‡q gj~ ëvb Z_¨ w`‡Z cv‡i| we`¨vjq I wkÿv‡K› ª hv‡Z wkÿv_x© ‡ì evwo I Ab¨vb¨ c‡Ö qvRbxq †mevi KvQvKvwQ nq; Zv wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ Ab¨vb¨ Lv‡Zi mv‡_ (†hgb, K¨v¤ú mgšq I eë¯v’ cbv, Avkqª I ¯v¯’ ) mg¤q eRvq ivLv c‡Ö qvRb (chv© ‡jvPbv gvb 1, wb‡`w© kKv 1-6, cô„ v 24-29; AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 2, wb‡`w© kKv 11, cô„ v 65; wk¶vbxwZ gvb 1, wb‡`w© kKv 3, cô„ v 105 Ges mgšq gvb 1, cô„ v 33-36 †`Lby )|

2. KvVv‡gv, bKkv I wbg©vY: ¯’vqx I A¯’vqx wkÿv‡K›`ª bKkv cÖYqb I wbg©vY Kivi mgq wb‡gœv³ welq¸‡jv we‡ePbv Kiv cÖ‡qvRb:

wbivc` ¯’vb wbe©vPb: ¶wZMÖ¯Í we`¨vj‡qi KvVv‡gvMZ wbivcËvi Rb¨ †hvM¨ †ckv`vi Øviv Pvwn`v wbiƒcY Ges cÖ‡qvRb I Li‡Pi Dci wfwË K‡i feb¸‡jv cybtwbg©vY, †givgZ Ges cÖwZ¯’vcb‡K AMÖvwaKvi w`‡Z n‡e|me©Rbxb Ges `y‡h©vM-cÖwZ‡ivaK bKkv I wbgv©Y: A¯’vqx I ¯’vqx we`¨vjq wbg©v‡Yi †¶‡Î AvšÍR©vwZK feb wbg©vY †KvW †g‡b (A_ev gvb fv‡jv mv‡c‡ÿ ¯’vbxq feb wbg©vY †KvW †g‡b) we`¨vjq feb wbg©vY Ki‡Z n‡e| we`¨vjq feb wbg©vY cwiKíbv, wbgv©Y Ges i¶Yv‡e¶Y Ggbfv‡e n‡e; Zv †hb cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©vM I Ab¨vb¨ ûgwK †hgb AwMœKvÐ, So, f~wgK¤ú, f~wgaŸm BZ¨vw`‡Z wU‡K _vK‡Z cv‡i| we`¨vjq cyYtwbg©v‡Yi mgq GB wbðqZv _vK‡Z n‡e †h, fwel¨‡Z we`¨vj‡q hvZvqvZKvjxb †h SzuwK i‡q‡Q Zv wk¶v_©x, wk¶K I Ab¨vb¨ wk¶vKg©x‡ì cÖfvevaxb Ki‡e bv; gvbm¤§Z wk¶Y I wkLb cwi‡ek‡K DbœZ Ki‡Z we`¨vjq feb bKkv I wbgv©Y Ggbfv‡e Ki‡Z n‡e †hb cÖ‡qvRbvbyhvqx †kªwYK‡¶ Av‡jv, evZvm I DòZvi eë¯’v _v‡K|we`¨vj‡qi KvVv‡gv ¯’vbxq KZ©„c‡¶i Øviv i¶Yv‡e¶Y Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i Ges ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi Rb¨ GB A_© e¨q mvg_©¨‡hvM¨: we`¨vjq wbg©v‡Yi mgq h‡ZvUv m¤¢e ¯’’vbxqfv‡e DcKiY I kªwgK eënvi wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e| feb wbg©vY †hb e¨q-mvkªqx Ges KvVv‡gvwfwËK nq (†hgb; Qv`, †g‡S BZ¨vw` hv‡Z †UKmB nq) †mw`‡K bRi w`‡Z n‡e|ch©vß ev‡RU, m¤¢ve¨ mgmvgwqK I `xN©‡gqv`x eënvi Ges ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôx, wk¶v cwiKíbvKvix I eë¯’vcK‡ì m¤ú„³Zv: we`¨vjq KvVv‡gv A¯’vqx, Avav-¯’vqx, ¯’vqx, ewa©Z A_ev ¯’vbvšÍi‡hvM¨ n‡Z cv‡i| `y‡h©v‡M AvµvšÍ wewfbœ Rb‡Mvôxi AšÍØ©›Ø I Kjn we`¨vj‡qi wbg©vY I i¶Yv‡e¶Y‡K cÖfvweZ Ki‡Z cv‡i, Avevi we`¨vjq wbg©vY Kv‡R Zv‡ì †hŠ_ cÖqvm Ø›Ø-msNvZ wbim‡b f~wgKv ivL‡Z cv‡i (AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 11, c„ôv

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67

65; wk¶vbxwZ gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 3, c„ôv105; INEE Guidance Note on

Safer School Construction : INEE Toolkit:

www.ineesite.org/toolkit and Sphre Standards on Shelter, Settle-ment and Non-food Items).

3. cÖwZeÜx: we`¨vjq feb bKkv I wbg©vY Kivi mgq kvixwiK I `„wó cÖwZeÜx‡ì cÖ‡qvRb‡K AZ¨šÍ mZ©KZvi mv‡_ we‡ePbv Ki‡Z n‡e| we`¨vj‡q cÖ‡ek I ewnM©g‡bi iv¯Ív Ggbfv‡e wbg©vY Ki‡Z n‡e †hb cÖwZeÜx gvbyl; hviv ûBj †Pqv‡i Pjv‡div K‡i A_ev Ab¨vb¨ DcKiY eënvi K‡i Zv‡ì Rb¨ eënvi Dc‡hvMx nq| †kªwYK‡¶i RvqMv, AvmevecÎ, cvwb I cqtwb®‹vkb eë¯’v Aek¨B cÖwZeÜx‡ì Pvwn`v †gvZv‡eK ˆZwi Ki‡Z n‡e| we`¨vjq cybtwbg©vY Ges ¯’vbmg~n wba©viY Kivi mgq ¯’vbxq I RvZxq ch©v‡q †h mg¯Í msMVb wewfbœ iKg cÖwZeÜx gvby‡li cÖwZwbwaZ¡ K‡i, †hgb cÖwZeÜx wkï‡ì gvZv-wcZv, cÖwZeÜx hyeK Zv‡ì civgk© MÖnY Kiv DwPZ|

4. wkLb ¯’vbmg~n bKkv I i¶Yv‡e¶Y: wkLb ¯’vbmg~‡ni bKkv I wbg©vY Kivi mgq Kviv G¸‡jv eënvi Ki‡e Ges wKfv‡e eënvi Ki‡e †m welq¸‡jv m¤ú‡K© mZK© _vK‡Z n‡e| wkLb ¯’vb wj½, eqm, kvixwiK ¶gZv I mvs¯‹…wZK welq¸‡jv we‡ePbv K‡i mKj eënviKvixi Rb¨ Dchy³ nIqv cÖ‡qvRb| †kÖwYK‡ÿi m‡e©v”P AvqZb wbav©i‡Y ¯’vbxq ev¯Íem¤§Z gvb eRvq ivL‡Z n‡e| ch©vß cwigvY RvqMv ivL‡Z n‡e, hw` K¬v‡m wkÿv_©x †ewk nq, †m‡ÿ‡Î GB RvqMv¸‡jv wewfbœ wkd&U-G K¬vm Kivi †ÿ‡Î eëüZ n‡e| wkLb †K›`ª Ggbfv‡e ˆZwi Ki‡Z n‡e †hb `y‡h©v‡M wkÿv_©x, wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©xiv wbivc‡` †ei n‡Z cv‡i| †Pqvi, †Uwej, eø¨vK‡evW©mn wewfbœ AvmevecÎ I cqtwb®‹vkb myweavmn febKvVv‡gvi wbqwgZ iÿYv‡eÿY Ki‡Z n‡e| KwgDwbwUi m`m¨ Ges KwgDwbwU wkÿv KwgwUi m`mïv Zv‡ì mgq, kÖg Ges m¤ú` w`‡q wbqwgZ iÿYv‡eÿY Ki‡e (wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©xi gvb 3, wb‡`©wkKv 1, c„ôv 97 †`Lyb)|

5. cqtwb®‹vkb eë¯’v: we`¨vj‡qi cwimxgvi g‡a¨ A_ev Lye KvQvKvwQ ch©vß cqtwb®‹vk‡bi myweav _vK‡Z n‡e| cqtwb®‹vk‡bi GB myweav †c‡Z n‡j cvwb I cqtwb®‹vkb wefv‡Mi mv‡_ mg¤^q eRvq ivL‡Z n‡e| cqtwb®‹vk‡bi †¶‡Î †h welq¸‡jv †Lqvj Ki‡Z n‡e Zv n‡jv:

KwVb eR©¨ cwiZ¨vMKi‡Yi my‡hvM-myweav †hgb- Kb‡UBbvi Ges eR©¨ †djvi Rb¨ gvwU‡Z MZ© Kiv;cqtwb®‹vkb my‡hvM-myweav †hgb-gvwU‡Z MZ© Kiv Ges wb®‹vkb P¨v‡bj;e¨vw³MZ cwi®‹vi cwi”QbœZv I †kŠPvMvi cwi®‹v‡ii Rb¨ ch©vß cvwbi eë¯’v;

cqtwb®‹vkb eë¯’v Ggb nIqv DwPZ hv‡Z cÖwZeÜx gvbyl mn‡RB †kŠPvMvi eënvi Ki‡Z cv‡i Ges †mLv‡b †hb Zv‡ì wbivcËv, gh©v`v I †MvcbxqZv eRvq _v‡K|

cvIqv hv‡e

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†kŠPvMv‡ii ìRv wfZi †_‡K eÜ ivLvi eë¯’v _vK‡Z n‡e| †hŠb nqivwb I KUzw³ †_‡K euvPvi Rb¨ cyiæl I gwnjv Ges evjK I evwjKv‡ì Rb¨ Avjv`v Avjv`v †kŠPvMv‡ii eë¯’v _vK‡Z n‡e Ges †kŠPvMvi Ggb RvqMvq n‡Z n‡e Zv †hb mK‡ji Rb¨ wbivc`, myweavRbK I mn‡RB MÖnY‡hvM¨ nq| ÔwùqviÕ wb‡`©wkKvq we`¨vj‡q 30 Rb QvÎxi Rb¨ GKwU †kŠPvMvi I 60 Rb Qv‡Îi Rb¨ GKwU †kŠPvMv‡ii K_v D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q| hw` cÖv_wgK ch©v‡q evjK evwjKv‡ì Rb¨ Avjv`v †kŠPvMv‡ii eë¯’v Kiv bv hvq Zvn‡j Ggb eë¯’v ivL‡Z n‡e †hb evjK evwjKviv GKB mg‡q †kŠPvMvi eënvi bv K‡i| hw` we`¨vj‡qi cwigÛ‡ji g‡a¨ †kŠPvMv‡ii eë¯’v Kiv bv hvq; Z‡e we`¨vj‡qi Av‡kcv‡k †m myweav ivL‡Z n‡e Ges †Lqvj ivL‡Z n‡e †hb wkïiv Zv eënvi K‡i (wùqvi gvb: cvwb mieivn, cqtwb®‹vkb I ¯^v¯’¨wewa cÖeZ©b gv‡bi eR©¨ AcmviY †`Lyb)|

cª‡qvRb n‡j †g‡q‡ì Rb¨ m¨vwbUvwi DcKiY wnmv‡e Kvc‡oi eë¯’v ivL‡Z n‡e hv‡Z Zviv wk¶v MÖn‡Yi †¶‡Î m¤ú~Y©fv‡e AskMÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡i|

6. wbivc` cvwb I ¯^v¯’¨wewa cÖeZ©b: wkL‡bi cwi‡e‡k wbivc` cvwb I mvev‡bi eë¯’v _vK‡Z n‡e| wkÿv_x©i cÖvZ¨wnK Rxe‡b cwi®‹vi cwi”QbœZvi Abykxjb †hgb-nvZ I gyL †avqv, BZ¨vw`‡K AšÍfz©³ Ki‡Z n‡e| ÔwùqviÕ wb‡`©wkKv Abyhvqx cÖwZw`b GKRb QvÎ we`¨vjq n‡Z nvZ †avqv I cvb Kiv eve` b~¨bZg 3 wjUvi cvwb cvIqvi `vwe iv‡L (wùqvi gvb, cvwb mieivn, cqtwb®‹vkb I ¯^v¯’¨wewa cÖeZ©b gvb †`Lyb)|

7. we`¨vjqwfwËK ¯^v¯’¨ I cywó‡mev: we`¨vjqwfwËK ¯^v¯’¨ I cywó Kvh©µg wbwðZ Kivi j‡ÿ¨ wkÿvi mv‡_ ¯^v¯’¨, cywó I cqtwb®‹vkb LvZ‡K AšÍf©y³ Ki‡Z n‡e| GB LvZ¸‡jvi Afv‡e wkLb ÿwZMÖ¯Í n‡Z cv‡i Ges G¸‡jv wbwðZ Kivi gva¨‡g ¯^v¯’¨Ki cwi‡ek wbwðZ Kiv m¤¢e| G‡ÿ‡Î †h mKj Kvh©µg MÖnY Kiv hvq:

¶zav wbevi‡Yi Rb¨ ¯‹zj wdwWs Kvh©µg;K…wgbvkK wPwKrmvi eë¯’v;msµvgK †ivM cÖwZ‡ivaK Kvh©µg (†hgb-nvg, Wvqwiqv, GBPAvBwf GBWm);NvUwZ c~i‡Y Abycywói eë¯’v Kiv (†hgb-wfUvwgb G, Avqib Ges Av‡qvwWb)|

GB Kvh©µ‡g Aek¨B ¯‹zj wdwWs Gi Ici wek¦Lv`¨ Kg©m~wPi ¯^xK„Z wb‡`©wkKv‡K AbymiY Ki‡Z n‡e| ¯^v¯’¨ Ges cywó wefv‡Mi g‡a¨ mg¤^q ¸iæZ¡c~Y© (wùqvi gvb, Lv`¨ wbivcËv I cywó †`Lyb)|

8. ¯’vbxq †mevi AwfMg¨Zv Ges †idv‡ij&m: wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x wk¶v_©x‡ì kvixwiK, g‡bvmvgvwRK Ges gvbwmK Kj¨vY mva‡b ¯’vbxq †idv‡i‡ji/Dc‡`óvi mvnvh¨ wb‡Z cv‡i| wk¶v_©x‡ì cvwievwiK I g‡bvmvgvwRK Pvc †evSvi Rb¨ Ges

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69

Ab¨vb¨ myi¶v mswkøó wel‡q (†hgb, †h mg¯Í wkï Zv‡ì cwievi †_‡K wew”Qbœ) Zv‡ì‡K cÖwk¶Y w`‡Z cv‡i| wk¶Kiv wk¶v_©x‡ì fq-fxwZi KviY I Z_¨ Rvb‡Z Zv‡ì eÜzevÜ‡ei mvnvh¨ wb‡Z cv‡i Ges Zv‡ì Kj¨vY e„w×i Rb¨ Ab¨vb¨ Lv‡Zi mn‡hvwMZv wb‡Z cv‡i|

†idv‡ij eë¯’vi Kvh©KvwiZv wbwðZ Ki‡Z evB‡i †_‡K †hme †mev cvIqv hvq, †mme Lv‡Zi mv‡_ AvbyôvwbK m¤úK© cÖwZôv Ki‡Z n‡e| GB †mev¸‡jv n‡jv g‡bvmvgwRK I AvBbMZ civgk©, GB †mev Zv‡ì Rb¨ hviv †hŠb I wj½wfwËK mwnsmZv, KUzw³ A_ev Ae‡njvi wkKvi nq| Avevi †h mg¯Í wkï mk¯¿ evwnbx ev mk¯¿ MÖæ‡c †hvM`vb K‡i‡Q Zv‡ì cwievi Luy‡R †c‡Z ev cwiev‡ii mv‡_ cybivq GKwÎZ n‡Z mvnv‡hï cÖ‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i (AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 2, c„ôv 61; wk¶Y I wkLb gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 6, c„ôv 78; wk¶Y I wkLb gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 2, c„ôv 81-82 †`Lyb)|


www.ineesite.org/toolkit

INEE Toolkit:

INEE b~¨bZg gvb

ev¯Íevqb Uzj&m


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†kŠPvMv‡ii ìRv wfZi †_‡K eÜ ivLvi eë¯’v _vK‡Z n‡e| †hŠb nqivwb I KUzw³ †_‡K euvPvi Rb¨ cyiæl I gwnjv Ges evjK I evwjKv‡ì Rb¨ Avjv`v Avjv`v †kŠPvMv‡ii eë¯’v _vK‡Z n‡e Ges †kŠPvMvi Ggb RvqMvq n‡Z n‡e Zv †hb mK‡ji Rb¨ wbivc`, myweavRbK I mn‡RB MÖnY‡hvM¨ nq| ÔwùqviÕ wb‡`©wkKvq we`¨vj‡q 30 Rb QvÎxi Rb¨ GKwU †kŠPvMvi I 60 Rb Qv‡Îi Rb¨ GKwU †kŠPvMv‡ii K_v D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q| hw` cÖv_wgK ch©v‡q evjK evwjKv‡ì Rb¨ Avjv`v †kŠPvMv‡ii eë¯’v Kiv bv hvq Zvn‡j Ggb eë¯’v ivL‡Z n‡e †hb evjK evwjKviv GKB mg‡q †kŠPvMvi eënvi bv K‡i| hw` we`¨vj‡qi cwigÛ‡ji g‡a¨ †kŠPvMv‡ii eë¯’v Kiv bv hvq; Z‡e we`¨vj‡qi Av‡kcv‡k †m myweav ivL‡Z n‡e Ges †Lqvj ivL‡Z n‡e †hb wkïiv Zv eënvi K‡i (wùqvi gvb: cvwb mieivn, cqtwb®‹vkb I ¯^v¯’¨wewa cÖeZ©b gv‡bi eR©¨ AcmviY †`Lyb)|

cª‡qvRb n‡j †g‡q‡ì Rb¨ m¨vwbUvwi DcKiY wnmv‡e Kvc‡oi eë¯’v ivL‡Z n‡e hv‡Z Zviv wk¶v MÖn‡Yi †¶‡Î m¤ú~Y©fv‡e AskMÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡i|

6. wbivc` cvwb I ¯^v¯’¨wewa cÖeZ©b: wkL‡bi cwi‡e‡k wbivc` cvwb I mvev‡bi eë¯’v _vK‡Z n‡e| wkÿv_x©i cÖvZ¨wnK Rxe‡b cwi®‹vi cwi”QbœZvi Abykxjb †hgb-nvZ I gyL †avqv, BZ¨vw`‡K AšÍfz©³ Ki‡Z n‡e| ÔwùqviÕ wb‡`©wkKv Abyhvqx cÖwZw`b GKRb QvÎ we`¨vjq n‡Z nvZ †avqv I cvb Kiv eve` b~¨bZg 3 wjUvi cvwb cvIqvi `vwe iv‡L (wùqvi gvb, cvwb mieivn, cqtwb®‹vkb I ¯^v¯’¨wewa cÖeZ©b gvb †`Lyb)|

7. we`¨vjqwfwËK ¯^v¯’¨ I cywó‡mev: we`¨vjqwfwËK ¯^v¯’¨ I cywó Kvh©µg wbwðZ Kivi j‡ÿ¨ wkÿvi mv‡_ ¯^v¯’¨, cywó I cqtwb®‹vkb LvZ‡K AšÍf©y³ Ki‡Z n‡e| GB LvZ¸‡jvi Afv‡e wkLb ÿwZMÖ¯Í n‡Z cv‡i Ges G¸‡jv wbwðZ Kivi gva¨‡g ¯^v¯’¨Ki cwi‡ek wbwðZ Kiv m¤¢e| G‡ÿ‡Î †h mKj Kvh©µg MÖnY Kiv hvq:

¶zav wbevi‡Yi Rb¨ ¯‹zj wdwWs Kvh©µg;K…wgbvkK wPwKrmvi eë¯’v;msµvgK †ivM cÖwZ‡ivaK Kvh©µg (†hgb-nvg, Wvqwiqv, GBPAvBwf GBWm);NvUwZ c~i‡Y Abycywói eë¯’v Kiv (†hgb-wfUvwgb G, Avqib Ges Av‡qvwWb)|

GB Kvh©µ‡g Aek¨B ¯‹zj wdwWs Gi Ici wek¦Lv`¨ Kg©m~wPi ¯^xK„Z wb‡`©wkKv‡K AbymiY Ki‡Z n‡e| ¯^v¯’¨ Ges cywó wefv‡Mi g‡a¨ mg¤^q ¸iæZ¡c~Y© (wùqvi gvb, Lv`¨ wbivcËv I cywó †`Lyb)|

8. ¯’vbxq †mevi AwfMg¨Zv Ges †idv‡ij&m: wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x wk¶v_©x‡ì kvixwiK, g‡bvmvgvwRK Ges gvbwmK Kj¨vY mva‡b ¯’vbxq †idv‡i‡ji/Dc‡`óvi mvnvh¨ wb‡Z cv‡i| wk¶v_©x‡ì cvwievwiK I g‡bvmvgvwRK Pvc †evSvi Rb¨ Ges

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Ab¨vb¨ myi¶v mswkøó wel‡q (†hgb, †h mg¯Í wkï Zv‡ì cwievi †_‡K wew”Qbœ) Zv‡ì‡K cÖwk¶Y w`‡Z cv‡i| wk¶Kiv wk¶v_©x‡ì fq-fxwZi KviY I Z_¨ Rvb‡Z Zv‡ì eÜzevÜ‡ei mvnvh¨ wb‡Z cv‡i Ges Zv‡ì Kj¨vY e„w×i Rb¨ Ab¨vb¨ Lv‡Zi mn‡hvwMZv wb‡Z cv‡i|

†idv‡ij eë¯’vi Kvh©KvwiZv wbwðZ Ki‡Z evB‡i †_‡K †hme †mev cvIqv hvq, †mme Lv‡Zi mv‡_ AvbyôvwbK m¤úK© cÖwZôv Ki‡Z n‡e| GB †mev¸‡jv n‡jv g‡bvmvgwRK I AvBbMZ civgk©, GB †mev Zv‡ì Rb¨ hviv †hŠb I wj½wfwËK mwnsmZv, KUzw³ A_ev Ae‡njvi wkKvi nq| Avevi †h mg¯Í wkï mk¯¿ evwnbx ev mk¯¿ MÖæ‡c †hvM`vb K‡i‡Q Zv‡ì cwievi Luy‡R †c‡Z ev cwiev‡ii mv‡_ cybivq GKwÎZ n‡Z mvnv‡hï cÖ‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i (AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 2, c„ôv 61; wk¶Y I wkLb gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 6, c„ôv 78; wk¶Y I wkLb gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 2, c„ôv 81-82 †`Lyb)|



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Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z `y‡h©vM I msK‡Ui d‡j †h cÖZ¨ÿ I c‡ivÿ k~Y¨Zv ˆZwi nq, Zv cÖvqkt cÖwkÿYwenxb ev cÖwkÿYiZ wkÿK I wkÿvKg©xMY c~iY K‡i _v‡Kb| wkÿv Kvh©µg‡K djcÖm~ I Kvh©Ki Ki‡Z Gme wkÿK I wkÿvKg©x‡ì cÖwkÿY cÖ`v‡bi gva¨‡g `ÿ K‡i M‡o Zzj‡Z n‡e hv‡Z Zviv `y‡h©vM AvµvšÍ wkÿv_©x‡ì my›ìfv‡e wkÿv w`‡Z cv‡i| `y‡h©v‡Mi mg‡q Pig †e`bv I hš¿Yvi AwfÁZv jvf K‡i‡Q Ggb wkï‡ì mnvqZv Kivi Rb¨ wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x‡ì we‡kl cÖwkÿ‡Y AskMÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e|

Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ †_‡K c~e©ve¯’vq wd‡i bv Avmv ch©šÍ RvZxq KZ©…cÿ, wkÿv cÖwZôvb Ges wb‡qvMKZ©vMY wkÿvµg I cÖZ¨vqb c‡Îi ¯^xK…wZ w`‡e| ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôx †`L‡Z Pvq †h Zv‡ì mšÍvb‡ì †h wkÿv †`qv n‡”Q Zvi GKUv wkÿv g~j¨ Av‡Q Ges RvZxq KZ©„cÿ †mUv‡K ¯^xK…wZ †`q| wkÿY Ges wkLb cÖwµqvi GKwU mg‡qvc‡hvMx Ges h_vh_ wbiƒcY I g~j¨vqb cÖwµqv _vK‡e;

KZUzKz wek¦vm‡hvM¨Zvi mv‡_ wkÿv †`qv n‡”Q;

wkÿ‡Yi Rb¨ †Kvb c×wZ AbymiY Kiv n‡”Q;

wkÿv_©x Ges wkÿvµ‡gi mej I `ye©j w`K wPwýZKiY;

†h DbœwZ mvwaZ n‡q‡Q Ges Zv Pvjy ivLvi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv ¯’vbxq wkÿvKg©x I KwgDwbwU m`m¨ Ges wkÿv_x©‡ì Rvbv‡bvi c×wZ|

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wkÿvi AwfMg¨Zv ZLbB A_©en nq hLb wkÿv Kvh©µg gvbm¤§Z wkÿY I wkLb cÖ`vb K‡i| Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ wkÿvµg, wkÿK cÖwkÿY, †ckvMZ Dbœqb I mnvqZv, wkÿv I wkLb cÖwµqv Ges wkLb djvd‡ji wbiƒcY DbœZ Kivi my‡hvM w`‡Z cv‡i, hv‡Z wkÿv_©x‡ì Rb¨ wkÿv Kvh©µg cÖvmw½K, mnvqK I myiwÿZ nq| wkLb AMÖvwaKvi we‡ePbvq †i‡L wkÿvµ‡gi aib wel‡q ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wm×všÍ †bqv †h‡Z cv‡i| ûgwK I Avc`‡K cÖvavb¨ w`‡q ZvrÿwYK I fwel¨Z SuywK cÖwZ‡iva I n«vm Ki‡Z Ávb I `ÿZv ˆZwi Ki‡Z n‡e| wkÿv Kvh©µ‡g gvbevwaKvi, kvwšÍ, MYZvwš¿K bvMwiK‡Z¡i Ici ¸iæZ¡ w`‡Z n‡e| wkÿv n‡e Rxeb-RxweKv I Kg©ms¯’vbwfwËK| we‡kl K‡i †h mKj wkÿv_©x bvRyK cwiw¯’wZi Kvi‡Y AvbyôvwbK wkÿv †kl Kivi my‡hvM cvqwb ev cv‡”Q bv Zv‡ì Rb¨ ÿz`ª eëmv Dbœqb, A_© ms¯’vb, Ávb Ges KvwiMwi I e„wËg~jK wkÿv I cÖwkÿ‡Yi eë¯’v Ki‡Z n‡e| kÖgevRvi ch©v‡jvPbv Ges A_©‰bwZK I `ªæZ DËiYkxj †ÿÎmg~‡ni g‡a¨ mg¤^q Ki‡Z cvi‡j M„nxZ Kg©m~wP¸‡jvi cÖvmw½KZv Ges A_©‰bwZK `ÿZv AR©‡bi Rb¨ hv †kLv‡bv n‡q‡Q Zvi Kvh©KvwiZv wbwðZ n‡e|

Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z `y‡h©vM I msK‡Ui d‡j †h cÖZ¨ÿ I c‡ivÿ k~Y¨Zv ˆZwi nq, Zv cÖvqkt cÖwkÿYwenxb ev cÖwkÿYiZ wkÿK I wkÿvKg©xMY c~iY K‡i _v‡Kb| wkÿv Kvh©µg‡K djcÖm~ I Kvh©Ki Ki‡Z Gme wkÿK I wkÿvKg©x‡ì cÖwkÿY cÖ`v‡bi gva¨‡g `ÿ K‡i M‡o Zzj‡Z n‡e hv‡Z Zviv `y‡h©vM AvµvšÍ wkÿv_©x‡ì my›ìfv‡e wkÿv w`‡Z cv‡i| `y‡h©v‡Mi mg‡q Pig †e`bv I hš¿Yvi AwfÁZv jvf K‡i‡Q Ggb wkï‡ì mnvqZv Kivi Rb¨ wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x‡ì we‡kl cÖwkÿ‡Y AskMÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e|

Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ †_‡K c~e©ve¯’vq wd‡i bv Avmv ch©šÍ RvZxq KZ©…cÿ, wkÿv cÖwZôvb Ges wb‡qvMKZ©vMY wkÿvµg I cÖZ¨vqb c‡Îi ¯^xK…wZ w`‡e| ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôx †`L‡Z Pvq †h Zv‡ì mšÍvb‡ì †h wkÿv †`qv n‡”Q Zvi GKUv wkÿv g~j¨ Av‡Q Ges RvZxq KZ©„cÿ †mUv‡K ¯^xK…wZ †`q| wkÿY Ges wkLb cÖwµqvi GKwU mg‡qvc‡hvMx Ges h_vh_ wbiƒcY I g~j¨vqb cÖwµqv _vK‡e;

KZUzKz wek¦vm‡hvM¨Zvi mv‡_ wkÿv †`qv n‡”Q;

wkÿ‡Yi Rb¨ †Kvb c×wZ AbymiY Kiv n‡”Q;

wkÿv_©x Ges wkÿvµ‡gi mej I `ye©j w`K wPwýZKiY;

†h DbœwZ mvwaZ n‡q‡Q Ges Zv Pvjy ivLvi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv ¯’vbxq wkÿvKg©x I KwgDwbwU m`m¨ Ges wkÿv_x©‡ì Rvbv‡bvi c×wZ|

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74Aa¨vq wZb: wkÿY I wkLb


mswkøó mKj †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì wb‡q wkÿv KZ©…cÿ AvbyôvwbK wkÿvµg ch©v‡jvPbv, Dbœqb ev gvbvbmB Kivi †ÿ‡Î gyL¨ f~wgKv cvjb Ki‡e (wb‡`©wkKv 1-3 †`Lyb)|

wkÿv_©xi eqm, fvlv, ms®‹…wZ, mÿgZv weKv‡ki ch©vq I Pvwn`vi mv‡_ m½wZ †i‡L wkÿvµg, cvV¨cy¯ÍK I m¤ú~iK DcKiY cÖYqb (wb‡`©wkKv 1-4 †`Lyb)|

kiYv_©x I Af¨šÍixY ¯’vbPz¨Z gvbyl‡ì wkÿvq eëüZ AvbyôvwbK wkÿvµg I cixÿv eë¯’v †hb ¯’vbxq I Avkªq`vZv miKvi KZ©„K ¯^xK…Z nq (wb‡`©wkKv 3 †`Lyb)|

AvbyôvwbK I DcvbyôvwbK wkÿvµ‡g `y‡h©vM SuywK n«vm, cwi‡ekMZ wkÿv Ges Ø›Ø wbimb welqK wkÿv AšÍf©y³ Kiv (wb‡`©wkKv 3-4 †`Lyb)|

wkÿvµg, cvV¨cy¯ÍK I m¤ú~iK DcKiYvw`‡Z AÿiÁvb, MYbv wkÿv, cÖviw¤¢K wkÿv, Rxeb `ÿZv AR©b, ¯^v¯’¨ I cwi®‹vi-cwi”QbœZv wkÿvmn †gŠwjK wkÿvq wba©vwiZ wkLb †hvM¨Zv AR©b AšÍf©y³ _vK‡e (wb‡`©wkKv 4-5 †`Lyb)|

wkÿv_©x‡ì g‡bv-mvgvwRK Kj¨vY Ges myiÿvi Pvwn`vmg~n AšÍfy©³ Kiv (wb‡`©wkKv 6 †`Lyb)|

wkLbm~wP, DcKiY Ges mKj wb‡`©kbv wkÿv_©x‡ì wbR¯^ fvlvq †`qvi eë¯’v (wb‡`©wkKv 7 †`Lyb)|

wkÿvµg, cvV¨cy¯ÍK I m¤ú~iK DcKiYvw`‡Z †hb †RÛvi-ms‡e`bkxjZv, êwP‡Îï ¯^xK…wZ, êlg¨ cÖwZ‡ivaK Ges wkÿv_©x‡ì gh©v`vi cÖwZ bRi †Ìqv nq (wb‡`©wkKv 8 †`Lyb)|

¯’vbxqfv‡e msM„wnZ DcKiYmn ch©vß cwigv‡Y wkÿY Ges wkLb DcKiY h_vmg‡q mieivn Kiv (wb‡`©wkKv 9 †`Lyb)|

wb‡`©wkKv1. wkÿvµg: wkÿv_x© ‡ì Ávb I `ÿZv DbZœ Kivi Rb¨ wkÿvµg n‡jv GKwU

Kgc© wiKíbv| GUv Avbôy vwbK I Dcvbôy vwbK Dfq ai‡bi wkÿv Kgm© w~ P‡Z Ges mKj wkÿv_x© ‡ì Pvwn`v Abhy vqx cvÖ mw½K I MnÖ Y‡hvM¨ n‡e| wkÿvµ‡gi AšfÍ ³y© welqmgn~ n‡”Q, wkL‡bi D‡Ïk¨, wkLbmw~ P, wbiƒcY, wkÿY c×wZ I wkÿY DcKiY:

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wkÿY I wkLb gvb 1:wkÿvµg

AvbyôvwbK I DcvbyôvwbK wkÿv eë¯’vq mvs¯‹„wZK, mvgvwRK I fvlvi mv‡_ cÖvmw½K wkÿvµg eënvi Kiv n‡e, hv mywbw`©ó †cÖÿvcU I wkÿv_©xi Pvwn`v Abyhvqx h_v_© n‡e|

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wkL‡bi D‡Ïk¨ ej‡Z wkÿv Kvhµ© ‡gi gva¨‡g Ávb, `ÿZv I w„ óf½xi Dbqœ b eSy vq hv wkÿv_x© ‡ì ewy ×ew„ ËK, mvgvwRK, Av‡ewMK I kvixwiK weKvk mvab K‡i;wkLbm~wP †h mKj welq wb‡`©k K‡i Zv n‡jv AÿiÁvb, MYbv wkÿv Ges Rxeb `ÿZv;wbiƒcY ej‡Z wkLbm~wP †_‡K wkÿv_©xiv Ávb, `„wóf½x Ges `ÿZv m¤ú‡K© wK wk‡L‡Q Zvi cwigvc eySvq;wkLb c×wZ n‡jv wkLbm~wP Dc¯’vcbv, hv mKj wkÿv_©xi Ávb I `ÿZv AR©‡b Drmvn cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ wbe©vwPZ I eëüZ nq;wkÿY DcKiY n‡jv eB, g¨vc, PvU©, m¤ú~iK cvV¨ DcKiY, wkÿK‡ì Rb¨ MvBW, miÄvgvw`, †Ljbv Ges Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvg~jK DcKiY ev Dcv`vb|

2. wkÿv_x© i eqm, weKv‡ki chv© q Ges †cÿÖ vc‡Ui m‡½ mvgÄm¨cY~ © wkÿvµg: wkÿvµg eqm Dc‡hvMx n‡Z n‡e Ges wkÿv_x© ‡ì weKv‡ki mKj chv© ‡qi, †hgb- kvixwiK, gvbwmK, ewy ×ew„ ËK, fvlvMZ I g‡bv-mvgvwRK weKv‡ki m‡½ gvbvbmB n‡Z n‡e| Riæwi cwiw¯w’ Z †_‡K ce~ v© e¯v’ q wd‡i Avmvi mg‡q Avbôy vwbK I Dcvbôy vwbK Dfq wkÿv Kvhµ© ‡g eqm I weKv‡ki chv© q¸‡jv e¨vcKfv‡e cwiewZZ© n‡Z cv‡i| G‡ÿ‡Î wkÿvµg I c×wZ‡K gvbvbmB Kiv c‡Ö qvRb| wkÿv_x© ‡ì Pvwn`v I weKv‡ki ¯iÍ Abhy vqx wkÿKiv †hb Zv‡ì wkÿY cwÖ µqv‡K Lvc LvB‡q wb‡Z cv‡i †m e¨vcv‡i Zv‡ì mnvqZv w`‡Z n‡e (wkÿY I wkLb gvb 2, cô„ v 81-83 †`Lby )|

3. wkÿvµg ch©v‡jvPbv I Dbœqb: wkÿvµg ch©v‡jvPbv I Dbœqb GKwU `xN© I RwUj cÖwµqv Ges GB cÖwµqv MÖnY‡hvM¨ I h_vh_ wkÿv KZ…©cÿ Øviv cwiPvwjZ n‡e| Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ PjvKvjxb ev c‡i hw` AvbyôvwbK wkÿv Kvh©µg cybtcÖwZôv Kiv nq Z‡e †m‡ÿ‡Î miKvwi cÖv_wgK I gva¨wgK ¯‹z‡ji wkÿvµg eënvi Ki‡Z n‡e| †hLv‡b Gme wkÿvµg †bB †mLv‡b hZ`ªæZ m¤¢e wkÿvµg Dbœqb I gvbvbmB Ki‡Z n‡e| kiYv_©x‡ì †ÿ‡Î wkÿvµg AvkÖq`vZv †`k A_ev wb‡Ri †`‡ki cÖPwjZ wkÿvµ‡gi Dci wfwË K‡i Dbœqb Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| Ab¨vb¨ †ÿ‡Î GB ai‡bi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z eëüZ nIqv wkÿvµg AbymiY Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|

kiYv_©x‡ì †ÿ‡Î wkÿvµg Avkªq`vZv †`k ev Zv‡ì wb‡Ri †`k Df‡qi Kv‡Q bxwZMZfv‡e MÖnY‡hvM¨ n‡j kiYv_©x‡ì †¯^”Qv cÖZ¨veZ©b mnR nq| G‡ÿ‡Î mymsnZ AvÂwjK Ges AvšÍtms¯’vi g‡a¨ mgš^q mvab Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| fvlvMZ `ÿZv I cÖZ¨vqb c‡Îi Rb¨ cixÿvi djvd‡ji ¯^xK…wZ cÖ`vb‡K we‡ePbvq Avb‡Z n‡e| kiYv_©x Ges Avkªq`vZv †`‡ki cwi‡cÖwÿZ I AvšÍR©vwZK AvB‡bi AvIZvq Gmg¯Í wm×všÍ n‡e (wkÿvbxwZ gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 7 c„ôv 106-107 †`Lyb)|

Riæwi cwiw¯w’ Z †_‡K ce~ v© e¯v’ q wd‡i bv Avmv chš© Í Avbôy vwbK Ges Dcvbôy vwbK wkÿv Kvhµ© ‡gi wkÿvµg wbw`ó© Riæwi cwiw¯w’ Zi Ávb I `ÿZv w`‡q mg×„ Ki‡Z

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76Aa¨vq wZb: wkÿY I wkLbwkÿvi b~¨bZg gvb: cÖ¯‘wZ, mvov`vb, c~e©ve¯’vq cÖZ¨veZ©‡bi cÖ‡Póv


mswkøó mKj †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì wb‡q wkÿv KZ©…cÿ AvbyôvwbK wkÿvµg ch©v‡jvPbv, Dbœqb ev gvbvbmB Kivi †ÿ‡Î gyL¨ f~wgKv cvjb Ki‡e (wb‡`©wkKv 1-3 †`Lyb)|

wkÿv_©xi eqm, fvlv, ms®‹…wZ, mÿgZv weKv‡ki ch©vq I Pvwn`vi mv‡_ m½wZ †i‡L wkÿvµg, cvV¨cy¯ÍK I m¤ú~iK DcKiY cÖYqb (wb‡`©wkKv 1-4 †`Lyb)|

kiYv_©x I Af¨šÍixY ¯’vbPz¨Z gvbyl‡ì wkÿvq eëüZ AvbyôvwbK wkÿvµg I cixÿv eë¯’v †hb ¯’vbxq I Avkªq`vZv miKvi KZ©„K ¯^xK…Z nq (wb‡`©wkKv 3 †`Lyb)|

AvbyôvwbK I DcvbyôvwbK wkÿvµ‡g `y‡h©vM SuywK n«vm, cwi‡ekMZ wkÿv Ges Ø›Ø wbimb welqK wkÿv AšÍf©y³ Kiv (wb‡`©wkKv 3-4 †`Lyb)|

wkÿvµg, cvV¨cy¯ÍK I m¤ú~iK DcKiYvw`‡Z AÿiÁvb, MYbv wkÿv, cÖviw¤¢K wkÿv, Rxeb `ÿZv AR©b, ¯^v¯’¨ I cwi®‹vi-cwi”QbœZv wkÿvmn †gŠwjK wkÿvq wba©vwiZ wkLb †hvM¨Zv AR©b AšÍf©y³ _vK‡e (wb‡`©wkKv 4-5 †`Lyb)|

wkÿv_©x‡ì g‡bv-mvgvwRK Kj¨vY Ges myiÿvi Pvwn`vmg~n AšÍfy©³ Kiv (wb‡`©wkKv 6 †`Lyb)|

wkLbm~wP, DcKiY Ges mKj wb‡`©kbv wkÿv_©x‡ì wbR¯^ fvlvq †`qvi eë¯’v (wb‡`©wkKv 7 †`Lyb)|

wkÿvµg, cvV¨cy¯ÍK I m¤ú~iK DcKiYvw`‡Z †hb †RÛvi-ms‡e`bkxjZv, êwP‡Îï ¯^xK…wZ, êlg¨ cÖwZ‡ivaK Ges wkÿv_©x‡ì gh©v`vi cÖwZ bRi †Ìqv nq (wb‡`©wkKv 8 †`Lyb)|

¯’vbxqfv‡e msM„wnZ DcKiYmn ch©vß cwigv‡Y wkÿY Ges wkLb DcKiY h_vmg‡q mieivn Kiv (wb‡`©wkKv 9 †`Lyb)|

wb‡`©wkKv1. wkÿvµg: wkÿv_x© ‡ì Ávb I `ÿZv DbZœ Kivi Rb¨ wkÿvµg n‡jv GKwU

Kgc© wiKíbv| GUv Avbôy vwbK I Dcvbôy vwbK Dfq ai‡bi wkÿv Kgm© w~ P‡Z Ges mKj wkÿv_x© ‡ì Pvwn`v Abhy vqx cvÖ mw½K I MnÖ Y‡hvM¨ n‡e| wkÿvµ‡gi AšfÍ ³y© welqmgn~ n‡”Q, wkL‡bi D‡Ïk¨, wkLbmw~ P, wbiƒcY, wkÿY c×wZ I wkÿY DcKiY:

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wkÿY I wkLb gvb 1:wkÿvµg

AvbyôvwbK I DcvbyôvwbK wkÿv eë¯’vq mvs¯‹„wZK, mvgvwRK I fvlvi mv‡_ cÖvmw½K wkÿvµg eënvi Kiv n‡e, hv mywbw`©ó †cÖÿvcU I wkÿv_©xi Pvwn`v Abyhvqx h_v_© n‡e|

75

wkL‡bi D‡Ïk¨ ej‡Z wkÿv Kvhµ© ‡gi gva¨‡g Ávb, `ÿZv I w„ óf½xi Dbqœ b eSy vq hv wkÿv_x© ‡ì ewy ×ew„ ËK, mvgvwRK, Av‡ewMK I kvixwiK weKvk mvab K‡i;wkLbm~wP †h mKj welq wb‡`©k K‡i Zv n‡jv AÿiÁvb, MYbv wkÿv Ges Rxeb `ÿZv;wbiƒcY ej‡Z wkLbm~wP †_‡K wkÿv_©xiv Ávb, `„wóf½x Ges `ÿZv m¤ú‡K© wK wk‡L‡Q Zvi cwigvc eySvq;wkLb c×wZ n‡jv wkLbm~wP Dc¯’vcbv, hv mKj wkÿv_©xi Ávb I `ÿZv AR©‡b Drmvn cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ wbe©vwPZ I eëüZ nq;wkÿY DcKiY n‡jv eB, g¨vc, PvU©, m¤ú~iK cvV¨ DcKiY, wkÿK‡ì Rb¨ MvBW, miÄvgvw`, †Ljbv Ges Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvg~jK DcKiY ev Dcv`vb|

2. wkÿv_x© i eqm, weKv‡ki chv© q Ges †cÿÖ vc‡Ui m‡½ mvgÄm¨cY~ © wkÿvµg: wkÿvµg eqm Dc‡hvMx n‡Z n‡e Ges wkÿv_x© ‡ì weKv‡ki mKj chv© ‡qi, †hgb- kvixwiK, gvbwmK, ewy ×ew„ ËK, fvlvMZ I g‡bv-mvgvwRK weKv‡ki m‡½ gvbvbmB n‡Z n‡e| Riæwi cwiw¯w’ Z †_‡K ce~ v© e¯v’ q wd‡i Avmvi mg‡q Avbôy vwbK I Dcvbôy vwbK Dfq wkÿv Kvhµ© ‡g eqm I weKv‡ki chv© q¸‡jv e¨vcKfv‡e cwiewZZ© n‡Z cv‡i| G‡ÿ‡Î wkÿvµg I c×wZ‡K gvbvbmB Kiv c‡Ö qvRb| wkÿv_x© ‡ì Pvwn`v I weKv‡ki ¯iÍ Abhy vqx wkÿKiv †hb Zv‡ì wkÿY cwÖ µqv‡K Lvc LvB‡q wb‡Z cv‡i †m e¨vcv‡i Zv‡ì mnvqZv w`‡Z n‡e (wkÿY I wkLb gvb 2, cô„ v 81-83 †`Lby )|

3. wkÿvµg ch©v‡jvPbv I Dbœqb: wkÿvµg ch©v‡jvPbv I Dbœqb GKwU `xN© I RwUj cÖwµqv Ges GB cÖwµqv MÖnY‡hvM¨ I h_vh_ wkÿv KZ…©cÿ Øviv cwiPvwjZ n‡e| Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ PjvKvjxb ev c‡i hw` AvbyôvwbK wkÿv Kvh©µg cybtcÖwZôv Kiv nq Z‡e †m‡ÿ‡Î miKvwi cÖv_wgK I gva¨wgK ¯‹z‡ji wkÿvµg eënvi Ki‡Z n‡e| †hLv‡b Gme wkÿvµg †bB †mLv‡b hZ`ªæZ m¤¢e wkÿvµg Dbœqb I gvbvbmB Ki‡Z n‡e| kiYv_©x‡ì †ÿ‡Î wkÿvµg AvkÖq`vZv †`k A_ev wb‡Ri †`‡ki cÖPwjZ wkÿvµ‡gi Dci wfwË K‡i Dbœqb Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| Ab¨vb¨ †ÿ‡Î GB ai‡bi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z eëüZ nIqv wkÿvµg AbymiY Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|

kiYv_©x‡ì †ÿ‡Î wkÿvµg Avkªq`vZv †`k ev Zv‡ì wb‡Ri †`k Df‡qi Kv‡Q bxwZMZfv‡e MÖnY‡hvM¨ n‡j kiYv_©x‡ì †¯^”Qv cÖZ¨veZ©b mnR nq| G‡ÿ‡Î mymsnZ AvÂwjK Ges AvšÍtms¯’vi g‡a¨ mgš^q mvab Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| fvlvMZ `ÿZv I cÖZ¨vqb c‡Îi Rb¨ cixÿvi djvd‡ji ¯^xK…wZ cÖ`vb‡K we‡ePbvq Avb‡Z n‡e| kiYv_©x Ges Avkªq`vZv †`‡ki cwi‡cÖwÿZ I AvšÍR©vwZK AvB‡bi AvIZvq Gmg¯Í wm×všÍ n‡e (wkÿvbxwZ gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 7 c„ôv 106-107 †`Lyb)|

Riæwi cwiw¯w’ Z †_‡K ce~ v© e¯v’ q wd‡i bv Avmv chš© Í Avbôy vwbK Ges Dcvbôy vwbK wkÿv Kvhµ© ‡gi wkÿvµg wbw`ó© Riæwi cwiw¯w’ Zi Ávb I `ÿZv w`‡q mg×„ Ki‡Z

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76Aa¨vq wZb: wkÿY I wkLbwkÿvi b~¨bZg gvb: cÖ¯‘wZ, mvov`vb, c~e©ve¯’vq cÖZ¨veZ©‡bi cÖ‡Póv

n‡e (wb‡Pi wb‡`w© kKv 5 †`Lby )| wbw`ó© †Kv‡bv `‡ji gvb‡y li Rb¨ we‡kl cvV¨mw~ Pi c‡Ö qvRb n‡Z cv‡i †hgb:

wkï I wK‡kvi‡ì RxweKv AR©b;†h mg¯Í wkï wK‡kvi mk¯¿ evwnbx Ges mk¯¿ `‡ji mv‡_ hy³ wQ‡jv;†Kv‡bv †kªwY‡Z Aa¨vqb Kivi Rb¨ †h eqm cÖ‡qvRb Zvi PvB‡Z †ewk eq‡mi wkÿv_©x A_ev H mg¯Í wkÿv_©x hviv `xN© mgq ci ¯‹z‡j wd‡i G‡m‡Q;eq¯‹ wkÿv_©x;

wkÿv Kg©m~wPi avivevwnK ch©v‡jvPbv, cvV¨cy¯ÍK I wkÿvµ‡gi g~j¨vqb I Dbœqb mswkøó wkÿv KZ©„c‡ÿi †bZ…‡Z¡ cwiPvwjZ nIqv DwPZ| wkÿv_©x, wkÿK, wkÿK BDwbqb Ges ÿwZMÖ¯Í Rb‡Mvôx‡K GB Kvh©µ‡g mwµqfv‡e AskMÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e| cvV¨cy¯ÍK ch©v‡jvPbv c¨v‡b‡j wewfbœ b„‡Mvôx I SuywK‡Z _vKv Rb‡Mvôxi cÖwZwbwaZ¡ _vK‡j wewfbœ `‡ji m¤úªxwZ cÖwZôv I `xN©w`‡bi cÿcvwZ‡Z¡i †`v‡l `yó welq¸‡jv Gov‡bv mnR nq| Zv‡ì †Lqvj ivL‡Z n‡e cvV¨ eB n‡Z weev` m„wóKvix †Kv‡bv evZ©v `~i Kivi mgq †hb †Kv‡bv ai‡bi D‡ËRbvKi cwiw¯’wZ ˆZwi bv nq|

4. g~j †hvM¨Zv AR©b: wkLbm~wP I wkÿK cÖwkÿY DcKiY Dbœqb A_ev †mUv‡K gvbvbmB Kivi Kv‡R nvZ †`qvi Av‡MB g~j †hvM¨Zv AR©b wPwýZ Ki‡Z n‡e| †gŠwjK wkÿvi g~j †hvM¨Zv AR©b n‡jv:

eënvwiK mvÿiZv I MYbv wkÿv;gh©v`vc~Y© Rxebhvcb I mgv‡Ri GKRb cÖ‡qvRbxq I mwµq m`m¨ n‡q IVvi Rb¨ wkÿv_©x‡ì †h me Acwinvh© Ávb, Rxeb `ÿZv, g‡bvfve I Abykxj‡bi cÖ‡qvRb|

eënvwiK cÖ‡qv‡Mi gva¨‡g g~j †hvM¨Zv AR©b e„w× Ki‡Z n‡e| wkï‡ì cÖviw¤¢K ˆkke Dbœq‡b e¨vcK Kg©m~wP _vKv cÖ‡qvRb| cÖviw¤¢K ˆkk‡ei gReyZ wfZ cieZ©x‡Z g~j †hvM¨Zv AR©b I Gi DrKl©Zv e„w×i wfwË wnmv‡e KvR K‡i|

5. Rxeb `ÿZvi wkLbm~wP I g~j aviYv: wkÿv_©x‡ì eqm, †kLvi wewfbœ aib, AwfÁZv I cwi‡e‡ki mv‡_ Rxeb `ÿZvi wkLbm~wP I g~j welq¸‡jv msMwZc~Y© n‡Z n‡e| G¸‡jv wkÿv_©x‡ì ¯^vaxb I Drcv`bkxj Rxeb hvc‡b mÿg K‡i Zzj‡e| †cÖÿvcU Abyhvqx wkLbm~wP I g~j welq¸‡jv wVK Ki‡Z n‡e| †hLv‡b _vK‡Z cv‡i:

†hŠb I cÖRbb ¯^v¯’¨ Ges GBPAvBwf I GBWmmn ¯^v¯’¨wewa cÖeZ©b;wkï myiÿv I g‡bv-mvgvwRK mnvqZv;gvbevwaKvi wkÿv, bvMwiKZ¡, kvwšÍ ¯’vcb Ges gvbweKZvi AvBb;`y‡h©vM SuywK n«vm Ges f~wggvBb I Awe‡ùvwiZ †Mvjveviæ` m¤ú‡K© wkÿvmn Rxeb iÿvi `ÿZv ev AwfÁZv;

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77

ms¯‹…wZ, we‡bv`b, †Ljvayjv Ges wPÎvsKb, msMxZ, bvP, bvUK;RxweKvi `ÿZv Ges e„wËg~jK I KvwiMwi `ÿZvi cÖwkÿY;¯’vbxq I †jvKR cwi‡ekMZ Ávb;evjK-evwjKviv †h mKj fq-fxwZ ev SyuwKi m¤§yLxb nq Zv cÖwZ‡iv‡a wewfbœ `ÿZv;

wkLbm~wP wkÿv_©x‡ì RxweKvi wfZ ˆZwi K‡i| Kg©ms¯’v‡bi my‡hvM Kg©‡ÿ‡Î Abym„Z c×wZ †hgb wkÿvbwekx cÖf…wZ Abymv‡iB e„wËg~jK wkÿv cÖwkÿY Kg©m~wPi m~wPcÎ ˆZwi Ki‡Z n‡e (G m¤ú‡K© †`Lyb SEEP Network. Minimum Stan-

dard for Economic Recovery after Crisis, Employment Creation Stan-dard and Enterperise Development Standard)|

msNvZ AvµvšÍ KwgDwbwUi g‡a¨ Ø›Ø wbimb Ges kvwšÍ wkÿvmw~ P I c×wZ weev`gvb `j¸‡jvi g‡a¨ mg‡SvZv ew„ ×‡Z mnvqZv Ki‡Z cv‡i| Zviv kvwšÍ ¯v’ cb I we‡iva ì~ Ki‡Z †hvMv‡hvM `ÿZv cÖ vb Ki‡Z cv‡i| kvwšÍ wkÿvi c‡Ö Póv ev¯eÍ vq‡bi mgq weev`gvb `j¸‡jvB weZwKZ© I †e`bv`vqK welq¸‡jv wb‡q K_v ej‡Z cÖ Z‘ wKbv GUv †Lqvj ivL‡Z n‡e (wkÿvbxwZ gvb 1, wb‡`w© kKv 1, cô„ v 103-104 †`Lby )|

6. g‡bv-mvgvwRK Pvwn`v, AwaKvi I Dbœqb: Riæwi Ae¯’v †_‡K c~ev©e¯’vq wd‡i bv Avmv ch©šÍ wkÿv_©x, wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x‡ì g‡bv-mvgvwRK Pvwn`v, AwaKvi I Dbœq‡bi K_v gv_vq ivL‡Z n‡e| wkÿv_©x‡ì `y`©kv ev gvbwmK Pv‡ci wPý ev m~PK¸‡jv eyS‡Z wkÿv Kg©x‡ì cÖwkÿY cÖ‡qvRb| hv‡Z Zviv wkï‡ì gvbwmK Pvc ev `y`©kv wbim‡b h_vh_ c`‡ÿc wb‡Z cv‡i Ges AwZwi³ mnvqZv †`qvi †ejvqI †Kv_vq wKfv‡e cvVv‡Z n‡e †mUv Rvb‡Z cv‡i| wkÿK I wkÿv mnvqZv cÖ`vb K‡ib Ggb me Kg©x I KwgDwbwUi m`m¨‡ì †kÖwYK‡ÿi wfZ‡i I evB‡i wkï‡ì g‡bv-mvgvwRK mnvqZv †`qvi wel‡q my¯úó wb‡`©wkKv _vK‡e| †h me wkÿv_©x `y`©kv I gvbwmK Pv‡c Av‡Q Zv‡ìI g‡bvms‡hvM ˆZwii Rb¨ GKUv †Pbv RvqMvq BwZevPK k„sLjv c×wZi gva¨‡g mswÿß mg‡qi wkLb eë¯’v _vK‡e| mKj wkÿv_©x mn‡hvwMZvg~jK we‡bv`b I wkLb Kvh©µ‡g Ask wb‡Z cv‡i| h_v_© wkÿY c×wZ I m~wPcÎ wkÿv_©x‡ì AvZ¥wek¦vm e„w× K‡i I fwel¨‡Zi Avkv RvMvq (AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 8-9, c„ôv 64-65; AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 3, wb‡`©wkKv 8 c„ôv 69-70 Ges wkÿvbxwZ gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 1, c„ôv 103-104 †`Lyb)|

AvµvšÍ Rb‡Mvôx †_‡K wb‡qvwRZ wkÿK I wkÿvKg©xiv wkÿv_©x‡ì g‡ZvB g‡bv-mvgvwRK msK‡Ui gy‡LvgywL n‡Z cv‡i| cÖwkÿY, cwiexÿY I mnvqZv cÖ`v‡bi gva¨‡g Gme Ae¯’v mvgjv‡Z n‡e| wkÿK‡ì Ggb †Kv‡bv `vwqZ¡ †`qv DwPZ bq hv Zv‡ì wb‡R‡ì ev wkÿv_©x‡ì Kj¨v‡Yi †ÿ‡Î g‡bv-mvgvwRK msK‡U †d‡j

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78Aa¨vq : wkÿY I wkLbwZbwkÿvi b~¨bZg gvb: cÖ¯‘wZ, mvov`vb, c~e©ve¯’vq cÖZ¨veZ©‡bi cÖ‡Póv

n‡e (wb‡Pi wb‡`w© kKv 5 †`Lby )| wbw`ó© †Kv‡bv `‡ji gvb‡y li Rb¨ we‡kl cvV¨mw~ Pi c‡Ö qvRb n‡Z cv‡i †hgb:

wkï I wK‡kvi‡ì RxweKv AR©b;†h mg¯Í wkï wK‡kvi mk¯¿ evwnbx Ges mk¯¿ `‡ji mv‡_ hy³ wQ‡jv;†Kv‡bv †kªwY‡Z Aa¨vqb Kivi Rb¨ †h eqm cÖ‡qvRb Zvi PvB‡Z †ewk eq‡mi wkÿv_©x A_ev H mg¯Í wkÿv_©x hviv `xN© mgq ci ¯‹z‡j wd‡i G‡m‡Q;eq¯‹ wkÿv_©x;

wkÿv Kg©m~wPi avivevwnK ch©v‡jvPbv, cvV¨cy¯ÍK I wkÿvµ‡gi g~j¨vqb I Dbœqb mswkøó wkÿv KZ©„c‡ÿi †bZ…‡Z¡ cwiPvwjZ nIqv DwPZ| wkÿv_©x, wkÿK, wkÿK BDwbqb Ges ÿwZMÖ¯Í Rb‡Mvôx‡K GB Kvh©µ‡g mwµqfv‡e AskMÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e| cvV¨cy¯ÍK ch©v‡jvPbv c¨v‡b‡j wewfbœ b„‡Mvôx I SuywK‡Z _vKv Rb‡Mvôxi cÖwZwbwaZ¡ _vK‡j wewfbœ `‡ji m¤úªxwZ cÖwZôv I `xN©w`‡bi cÿcvwZ‡Z¡i †`v‡l `yó welq¸‡jv Gov‡bv mnR nq| Zv‡ì †Lqvj ivL‡Z n‡e cvV¨ eB n‡Z weev` m„wóKvix †Kv‡bv evZ©v `~i Kivi mgq †hb †Kv‡bv ai‡bi D‡ËRbvKi cwiw¯’wZ ˆZwi bv nq|

4. g~j †hvM¨Zv AR©b: wkLbm~wP I wkÿK cÖwkÿY DcKiY Dbœqb A_ev †mUv‡K gvbvbmB Kivi Kv‡R nvZ †`qvi Av‡MB g~j †hvM¨Zv AR©b wPwýZ Ki‡Z n‡e| †gŠwjK wkÿvi g~j †hvM¨Zv AR©b n‡jv:

eënvwiK mvÿiZv I MYbv wkÿv;gh©v`vc~Y© Rxebhvcb I mgv‡Ri GKRb cÖ‡qvRbxq I mwµq m`m¨ n‡q IVvi Rb¨ wkÿv_©x‡ì †h me Acwinvh© Ávb, Rxeb `ÿZv, g‡bvfve I Abykxj‡bi cÖ‡qvRb|

eënvwiK cÖ‡qv‡Mi gva¨‡g g~j †hvM¨Zv AR©b e„w× Ki‡Z n‡e| wkï‡ì cÖviw¤¢K ˆkke Dbœq‡b e¨vcK Kg©m~wP _vKv cÖ‡qvRb| cÖviw¤¢K ˆkk‡ei gReyZ wfZ cieZ©x‡Z g~j †hvM¨Zv AR©b I Gi DrKl©Zv e„w×i wfwË wnmv‡e KvR K‡i|

5. Rxeb `ÿZvi wkLbm~wP I g~j aviYv: wkÿv_©x‡ì eqm, †kLvi wewfbœ aib, AwfÁZv I cwi‡e‡ki mv‡_ Rxeb `ÿZvi wkLbm~wP I g~j welq¸‡jv msMwZc~Y© n‡Z n‡e| G¸‡jv wkÿv_©x‡ì ¯^vaxb I Drcv`bkxj Rxeb hvc‡b mÿg K‡i Zzj‡e| †cÖÿvcU Abyhvqx wkLbm~wP I g~j welq¸‡jv wVK Ki‡Z n‡e| †hLv‡b _vK‡Z cv‡i:

†hŠb I cÖRbb ¯^v¯’¨ Ges GBPAvBwf I GBWmmn ¯^v¯’¨wewa cÖeZ©b;wkï myiÿv I g‡bv-mvgvwRK mnvqZv;gvbevwaKvi wkÿv, bvMwiKZ¡, kvwšÍ ¯’vcb Ges gvbweKZvi AvBb;`y‡h©vM SuywK n«vm Ges f~wggvBb I Awe‡ùvwiZ †Mvjveviæ` m¤ú‡K© wkÿvmn Rxeb iÿvi `ÿZv ev AwfÁZv;

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77

ms¯‹…wZ, we‡bv`b, †Ljvayjv Ges wPÎvsKb, msMxZ, bvP, bvUK;RxweKvi `ÿZv Ges e„wËg~jK I KvwiMwi `ÿZvi cÖwkÿY;¯’vbxq I †jvKR cwi‡ekMZ Ávb;evjK-evwjKviv †h mKj fq-fxwZ ev SyuwKi m¤§yLxb nq Zv cÖwZ‡iv‡a wewfbœ `ÿZv;

wkLbm~wP wkÿv_©x‡ì RxweKvi wfZ ˆZwi K‡i| Kg©ms¯’v‡bi my‡hvM Kg©‡ÿ‡Î Abym„Z c×wZ †hgb wkÿvbwekx cÖf…wZ Abymv‡iB e„wËg~jK wkÿv cÖwkÿY Kg©m~wPi m~wPcÎ ˆZwi Ki‡Z n‡e (G m¤ú‡K© †`Lyb SEEP Network. Minimum Stan-

dard for Economic Recovery after Crisis, Employment Creation Stan-dard and Enterperise Development Standard)|

msNvZ AvµvšÍ KwgDwbwUi g‡a¨ Ø›Ø wbimb Ges kvwšÍ wkÿvmw~ P I c×wZ weev`gvb `j¸‡jvi g‡a¨ mg‡SvZv ew„ ×‡Z mnvqZv Ki‡Z cv‡i| Zviv kvwšÍ ¯v’ cb I we‡iva ì~ Ki‡Z †hvMv‡hvM `ÿZv cÖ vb Ki‡Z cv‡i| kvwšÍ wkÿvi c‡Ö Póv ev¯eÍ vq‡bi mgq weev`gvb `j¸‡jvB weZwKZ© I †e`bv`vqK welq¸‡jv wb‡q K_v ej‡Z cÖ Z‘ wKbv GUv †Lqvj ivL‡Z n‡e (wkÿvbxwZ gvb 1, wb‡`w© kKv 1, cô„ v 103-104 †`Lby )|

6. g‡bv-mvgvwRK Pvwn`v, AwaKvi I Dbœqb: Riæwi Ae¯’v †_‡K c~ev©e¯’vq wd‡i bv Avmv ch©šÍ wkÿv_©x, wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x‡ì g‡bv-mvgvwRK Pvwn`v, AwaKvi I Dbœq‡bi K_v gv_vq ivL‡Z n‡e| wkÿv_©x‡ì `y`©kv ev gvbwmK Pv‡ci wPý ev m~PK¸‡jv eyS‡Z wkÿv Kg©x‡ì cÖwkÿY cÖ‡qvRb| hv‡Z Zviv wkï‡ì gvbwmK Pvc ev `y`©kv wbim‡b h_vh_ c`‡ÿc wb‡Z cv‡i Ges AwZwi³ mnvqZv †`qvi †ejvqI †Kv_vq wKfv‡e cvVv‡Z n‡e †mUv Rvb‡Z cv‡i| wkÿK I wkÿv mnvqZv cÖ`vb K‡ib Ggb me Kg©x I KwgDwbwUi m`m¨‡ì †kÖwYK‡ÿi wfZ‡i I evB‡i wkï‡ì g‡bv-mvgvwRK mnvqZv †`qvi wel‡q my¯úó wb‡`©wkKv _vK‡e| †h me wkÿv_©x `y`©kv I gvbwmK Pv‡c Av‡Q Zv‡ìI g‡bvms‡hvM ˆZwii Rb¨ GKUv †Pbv RvqMvq BwZevPK k„sLjv c×wZi gva¨‡g mswÿß mg‡qi wkLb eë¯’v _vK‡e| mKj wkÿv_©x mn‡hvwMZvg~jK we‡bv`b I wkLb Kvh©µ‡g Ask wb‡Z cv‡i| h_v_© wkÿY c×wZ I m~wPcÎ wkÿv_©x‡ì AvZ¥wek¦vm e„w× K‡i I fwel¨‡Zi Avkv RvMvq (AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 8-9, c„ôv 64-65; AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 3, wb‡`©wkKv 8 c„ôv 69-70 Ges wkÿvbxwZ gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 1, c„ôv 103-104 †`Lyb)|

AvµvšÍ Rb‡Mvôx †_‡K wb‡qvwRZ wkÿK I wkÿvKg©xiv wkÿv_©x‡ì g‡ZvB g‡bv-mvgvwRK msK‡Ui gy‡LvgywL n‡Z cv‡i| cÖwkÿY, cwiexÿY I mnvqZv cÖ`v‡bi gva¨‡g Gme Ae¯’v mvgjv‡Z n‡e| wkÿK‡ì Ggb †Kv‡bv `vwqZ¡ †`qv DwPZ bq hv Zv‡ì wb‡R‡ì ev wkÿv_©x‡ì Kj¨v‡Yi †ÿ‡Î g‡bv-mvgvwRK msK‡U †d‡j

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w`‡Z cv‡i (wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x gvb 3, wb‡`©wkKv 6, c„ôv 98; ÔwùqviÕ gv‡bi ¯^v¯’¨‡mev Aa¨v‡qi gvbwmK ¯^v¯’¨ Ges g‡bv-mvgvwRK Kj¨vY †`Lyb)|

7. fvlv: †h †`k ev KwgDwbwU‡Z eû fvlv cÖPwjZ i‡q‡Q †mLv‡b wkÿv`v‡bi fvlv we‡f` m„wói welq n‡Z cv‡i| eû fvlvi mgm¨v Kgv‡Z n‡j HK¨g‡Zi wfwË‡Z wkÿv`v‡bi fvlv wba©viY Ki‡Z n‡e, †hLv‡b ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôx, wkÿv KZ„©cÿ Ges mswkøó cÿ (†÷K‡nvìvi) m¤ú„³ _vK‡e| wkÿv_©xiv †h fvlv eyS‡e Ges †h fvlvi gva¨‡g evev-gv I KwgDwbwUi GKUv eo As‡ki mv‡_ mn‡RB †hvMv‡hvM Ki‡Z cvi‡e wkÿK‡ì †mB fvlvq wkÿv cÖ`vb Kivi ÿgZv _vK‡Z n‡e| GKxf~Z wkÿv wbwðZ Ki‡Z Dchy³ fvlv I c×wZ eënvi K‡i evK I `„wó cÖwZeÜx wkÿv_©x‡ì wkÿv cÖ`vb Ki‡Z n‡e| m¤ú~iK K¬vm I Kvh©µg we‡kl K‡i cÖviw¤¢K ˆkkeKvjxb wkLb wkÿv_©x‡ì wb‡R‡ì fvlvq n‡Z n‡e|

kiYv_©x cwiw¯’wZ‡Z, Avkªq`vZv †`‡k kiYv_x©‡ì fvlv I wkÿvµgmn Zv‡ì gvb Abyhvqx ¯‹zj cÖwZôvi cª‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i| kiYv_©x wkÿv_©x‡ì AwaKvi m¤ú‡K© Rvbv Riæwi| kiYv_©x wkÿv_©x‡ì fwel¨Z my‡hvM myweav Ges Avkªq`vZv †`‡k AvkÖq †bIqv A_ev Riæwi Ae¯’v AwZµvšÍ nIqvi ci Zv‡ì wb‡R‡ì †`‡k Zv‡ì wkÿv Pvjy ivL‡Z wK wK cÖ‡qvRb Zv we‡ePbvq Avb‡Z n‡e| `xN©‡gqv`x ¯’vbvšÍi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿv_©x‡ì Avkªq`vZv KwgDwbwU ev †`‡ki fvlv †kLvi myweav cÖ`vb Ki‡Z n‡e| Gi d‡j Zviv Avkªq`vZv KwgDwbwU‡Z wkÿv MÖn‡Yi my‡hvM cv‡e I Kg©Zrci _vK‡Z cvi‡e (wkÿvbxwZ gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 7, c„ôv 106-107 †`Lyb)|

8. êwPÎ¨: Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ †_‡K c~e©ve¯’vq wd‡i bv Avmv ch©šÍ mKj av‡c wkÿv Kvh©µ‡gi Dbœqb I ev¯Íevq‡b êwP‡Îï welqwU we‡ePbv Ki‡Z n‡e| †m‡ÿ‡Î wkÿv_©x, wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x hviv wec`vcbœ `j ev wfbœ wfbœ cwi‡ek †_‡K G‡m‡Q Zv‡ì g‡a¨ mnbkxjZv I cvi¯úwiK kª×v‡eva e„w×i Rb¨ KvR Ki‡Z n‡e| êwP‡Îï mywbw`©ó welq¸‡jv n‡”Q:

†RÛvi;gvbwmK I kvwiixK cÖwZeÜxZv;wkLb mÿgZv;wewfbœ Av‡qi `‡ji wkÿv_©x;wewfbœ eq‡mi wkï‡ì †kªwY;ms¯‹„wZ I RvZxqZvev`;b„-†Mvôx I ag©|

wkÿvµg, wkÿY DcKiY Ges wkÿv cÖ`v‡bi c×wZi †ÿ‡Î cÿcvZ eR©b Ki‡Z n‡e Ges b¨vh¨Zv e„w× Ki‡Z n‡e| g‡bvfve I AvPiY cwieZ©b Ki‡Z Ges

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mnbkxjZv evov‡Z wewfbœ Kvh©µg MÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡i, d‡j A‡bï AwaKv‡ii ¯^xK…wZ I Zvi cÖwZ kª×v‡eva RvM‡e| êwPÎ¨Zv welqwU Zz‡j aivi Rb¨ AvbyôvwbK Ges DcvbyôvwbK wkÿv Kvh©µ‡gi gva¨‡g gvbevwaKvi wkÿvi eë¯’v Ki‡Z n‡e, Z‡e †mUv eqm‡cv‡hvMx I ms¯‹…wZ ms‡e`bkxj n‡Z n‡e| gvbevwaKvi wkÿvm~wP AvšÍR©vwZK gvbevwaKvi, gvbweK AvBb Ges Rxeb `ÿZv m¤ú‡K© AwfÁZvi mv‡_ hy³ n‡Z cv‡i| hw` cvV¨cy¯ÍK Ges Ab¨vb¨ wkÿv DcKiY ms‡kva‡bi cÖ‡qvRb nq Z‡e wkÿKiv we`¨gvb DcKiY Ges wkÿv c×wZi cwieZ©‡b mnvqZv Ki‡Z cv‡ib (wkÿY I wkLb gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 2, c„ôv 81-82; wkÿvbxwZ gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 7, c„ôv 106-107 †`Lyb)|

9. ¯’vbxqfv‡e cÖvc¨ wkLb DcKiY: Riæwi cwiw¯’wZi ïiæ‡ZB wkÿv_©x‡ì Rb¨ ¯’vbxqfv‡e cvIqv hvq Ggb wkLb DcKiY wPwýZ Kivi Rb¨ GKUv wbiƒcY cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z n‡e| kiYv_©x A_ev ¯’vbPz¨Z Rb‡Mvôx wkÿv DcKiY¸‡jv Zv‡ì †Q‡o Avmv †`‡ki ev ¯’vbxq †`k n‡Z †c‡q _v‡K| cÖ‡qvR‡b DcKiY ˆZwi ev cÖ‡qvR‡bi mv‡_ gvbvbmB K‡i wb‡Z n‡e| mK‡ji Rb¨ ch©vß cwigvY wkÿv DcKi‡Yi eë¯’v Ki‡Z n‡e| cÖwZeÜx wkÿv_©xiv †hb GB my‡hvM cvq †mw`‡K †Lqvj ivL‡Z n‡e| mswkøó wkÿv KZ©…cÿ‡K wkÿv DcKi‡Yi eënvi, e›Ub I msiÿ‡Yi welq cwiexÿY Ki‡Z n‡e (wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x gvb 3, wb‡`©wkKv 1, c„ôv 97 †`Lyb)|


w`‡Z cv‡i (wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x gvb 3, wb‡`©wkKv 6, c„ôv 98; ÔwùqviÕ gv‡bi ¯^v¯’¨‡mev Aa¨v‡qi gvbwmK ¯^v¯’¨ Ges g‡bv-mvgvwRK Kj¨vY †`Lyb)|

7. fvlv: †h †`k ev KwgDwbwU‡Z eû fvlv cÖPwjZ i‡q‡Q †mLv‡b wkÿv`v‡bi fvlv we‡f` m„wói welq n‡Z cv‡i| eû fvlvi mgm¨v Kgv‡Z n‡j HK¨g‡Zi wfwË‡Z wkÿv`v‡bi fvlv wba©viY Ki‡Z n‡e, †hLv‡b ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôx, wkÿv KZ„©cÿ Ges mswkøó cÿ (†÷K‡nvìvi) m¤ú„³ _vK‡e| wkÿv_©xiv †h fvlv eyS‡e Ges †h fvlvi gva¨‡g evev-gv I KwgDwbwUi GKUv eo As‡ki mv‡_ mn‡RB †hvMv‡hvM Ki‡Z cvi‡e wkÿK‡ì †mB fvlvq wkÿv cÖ`vb Kivi ÿgZv _vK‡Z n‡e| GKxf~Z wkÿv wbwðZ Ki‡Z Dchy³ fvlv I c×wZ eënvi K‡i evK I `„wó cÖwZeÜx wkÿv_©x‡ì wkÿv cÖ`vb Ki‡Z n‡e| m¤ú~iK K¬vm I Kvh©µg we‡kl K‡i cÖviw¤¢K ˆkkeKvjxb wkLb wkÿv_©x‡ì wb‡R‡ì fvlvq n‡Z n‡e|

kiYv_©x cwiw¯’wZ‡Z, Avkªq`vZv †`‡k kiYv_x©‡ì fvlv I wkÿvµgmn Zv‡ì gvb Abyhvqx ¯‹zj cÖwZôvi cª‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i| kiYv_©x wkÿv_©x‡ì AwaKvi m¤ú‡K© Rvbv Riæwi| kiYv_©x wkÿv_©x‡ì fwel¨Z my‡hvM myweav Ges Avkªq`vZv †`‡k AvkÖq †bIqv A_ev Riæwi Ae¯’v AwZµvšÍ nIqvi ci Zv‡ì wb‡R‡ì †`‡k Zv‡ì wkÿv Pvjy ivL‡Z wK wK cÖ‡qvRb Zv we‡ePbvq Avb‡Z n‡e| `xN©‡gqv`x ¯’vbvšÍi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿv_©x‡ì Avkªq`vZv KwgDwbwU ev †`‡ki fvlv †kLvi myweav cÖ`vb Ki‡Z n‡e| Gi d‡j Zviv Avkªq`vZv KwgDwbwU‡Z wkÿv MÖn‡Yi my‡hvM cv‡e I Kg©Zrci _vK‡Z cvi‡e (wkÿvbxwZ gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 7, c„ôv 106-107 †`Lyb)|

8. êwPÎ¨: Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ †_‡K c~e©ve¯’vq wd‡i bv Avmv ch©šÍ mKj av‡c wkÿv Kvh©µ‡gi Dbœqb I ev¯Íevq‡b êwP‡Îï welqwU we‡ePbv Ki‡Z n‡e| †m‡ÿ‡Î wkÿv_©x, wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x hviv wec`vcbœ `j ev wfbœ wfbœ cwi‡ek †_‡K G‡m‡Q Zv‡ì g‡a¨ mnbkxjZv I cvi¯úwiK kª×v‡eva e„w×i Rb¨ KvR Ki‡Z n‡e| êwP‡Îï mywbw`©ó welq¸‡jv n‡”Q:

†RÛvi;gvbwmK I kvwiixK cÖwZeÜxZv;wkLb mÿgZv;wewfbœ Av‡qi `‡ji wkÿv_©x;wewfbœ eq‡mi wkï‡ì †kªwY;ms¯‹„wZ I RvZxqZvev`;b„-†Mvôx I ag©|

wkÿvµg, wkÿY DcKiY Ges wkÿv cÖ`v‡bi c×wZi †ÿ‡Î cÿcvZ eR©b Ki‡Z n‡e Ges b¨vh¨Zv e„w× Ki‡Z n‡e| g‡bvfve I AvPiY cwieZ©b Ki‡Z Ges

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mnbkxjZv evov‡Z wewfbœ Kvh©µg MÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡i, d‡j A‡bï AwaKv‡ii ¯^xK…wZ I Zvi cÖwZ kª×v‡eva RvM‡e| êwPÎ¨Zv welqwU Zz‡j aivi Rb¨ AvbyôvwbK Ges DcvbyôvwbK wkÿv Kvh©µ‡gi gva¨‡g gvbevwaKvi wkÿvi eë¯’v Ki‡Z n‡e, Z‡e †mUv eqm‡cv‡hvMx I ms¯‹…wZ ms‡e`bkxj n‡Z n‡e| gvbevwaKvi wkÿvm~wP AvšÍR©vwZK gvbevwaKvi, gvbweK AvBb Ges Rxeb `ÿZv m¤ú‡K© AwfÁZvi mv‡_ hy³ n‡Z cv‡i| hw` cvV¨cy¯ÍK Ges Ab¨vb¨ wkÿv DcKiY ms‡kva‡bi cÖ‡qvRb nq Z‡e wkÿKiv we`¨gvb DcKiY Ges wkÿv c×wZi cwieZ©‡b mnvqZv Ki‡Z cv‡ib (wkÿY I wkLb gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 2, c„ôv 81-82; wkÿvbxwZ gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 7, c„ôv 106-107 †`Lyb)|

9. ¯’vbxqfv‡e cÖvc¨ wkLb DcKiY: Riæwi cwiw¯’wZi ïiæ‡ZB wkÿv_©x‡ì Rb¨ ¯’vbxqfv‡e cvIqv hvq Ggb wkLb DcKiY wPwýZ Kivi Rb¨ GKUv wbiƒcY cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z n‡e| kiYv_©x A_ev ¯’vbPz¨Z Rb‡Mvôx wkÿv DcKiY¸‡jv Zv‡ì †Q‡o Avmv †`‡ki ev ¯’vbxq †`k n‡Z †c‡q _v‡K| cÖ‡qvR‡b DcKiY ˆZwi ev cÖ‡qvR‡bi mv‡_ gvbvbmB K‡i wb‡Z n‡e| mK‡ji Rb¨ ch©vß cwigvY wkÿv DcKi‡Yi eë¯’v Ki‡Z n‡e| cÖwZeÜx wkÿv_©xiv †hb GB my‡hvM cvq †mw`‡K †Lqvj ivL‡Z n‡e| mswkøó wkÿv KZ©…cÿ‡K wkÿv DcKi‡Yi eënvi, e›Ub I msiÿ‡Yi welq cwiexÿY Ki‡Z n‡e (wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x gvb 3, wb‡`©wkKv 1, c„ôv 97 †`Lyb)|



Pvwn`v Abyhvqx bvix I cyiæl, wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x‡ì cÖwkÿ‡Yi ch©vß my‡hvM ˆZwi (wb‡`©wkKv 1-2 †`Lyb)|

†cÖÿvcU Abyhvqx cÖwkÿY h_v‡cvhy³ n‡e Ges G‡Z wkLb D‡Ïk¨ I wkLbm~wPi cÖwZdjb _vK‡e (wb‡`©wkKv 1-2 †`Lyb)|

mswkøó wkÿv KZ©…c‡ÿi Øviv cÖwkÿY Kvh©µg ¯^xK…Z I Aby‡gv`b‡hvM¨ nIqv (wb‡`©wkKv 3-4 †`Lyb)|

†hvM¨ cÖwkÿK Øviv cwiPvwjZ cÖwkÿY †Kvm©mg~n PvKyixKvjxb cÖwkÿY, †kÖwYKÿ ZË¡veavbmn cÖ‡qvRbxq mnvqZv, wb‡`©kbv I cwiexÿY Kvh©µ‡gi cwic~iK n‡e (wb‡`©wkKv 3-4 †`Lyb)|

cÖwkÿY I Pjgvb mnvqZv wkLb cwi‡e‡k wkÿY mnvqK DcKiY Ges AskMÖnYg~jK wkÿY c×wZ eënv‡i wkÿKMY‡K `ÿ mnvqK wn‡m‡e M‡o †Zv‡j (wb‡`©wkKv 3-6 †`Lyb)|

AvbyôvwbK Ges DcvbyôvwbK wkÿvµ‡g `y‡h©vM m‡PZbZv, `y‡h©vM SuywK n«vm Ges Ø›Ø-msNvZ wbim‡b Ávb I `ÿZv e„w×i Rb¨ cÖwkÿ‡Yi eë¯’v Kiv (wb‡`©wkKv 6 †`Lyb)|

wb‡`©wkKv1. wkÿK: wkÿK ej‡Z eySvq wkÿv`vb Kv‡R hy³ AvbyôvwbK I DcvbyôvwbK wkÿv

Kvh©µ‡gi mnvqK ev mÂvjK‡K| wkÿK‡ì wewfbœ ai‡bi cÖwkÿY I AwfÁZv _vK‡Z cv‡i| Zviv cyivZb wkÿv_©x ev ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi m`m¨ n‡Z cv‡i (wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x gvb 1-3, c„ôv 91-98 †`Lyb)|

2. AvbyôvwbK cÖwkÿY wkÿvµg I m~wPcÎ Dbœqb: wkÿv KZ©„c‡ÿi `vwqZ¡ n‡jv AvbyôvwbK cÖwkÿ‡Yi wkÿvµg I m~wPcÎ Dbœqb Kiv| wkÿvµg I m~wP Ggbfv‡e Dbœqb Ki‡Z n‡e †hLv‡b ev‡RU I mg‡qi mxgve×Zvi g‡a¨ wkÿv_©x‡ì AwaKvi I Pvwn`v Ges wkÿvKg©x‡ì mywbw`©ó Pvwn`vi cÖwZdjb _vK‡e| cÖwkÿYm~wP‡Z †h welq¸‡jv AšÍfz©³ _vK‡e †m¸‡jv n‡jv:

g~j welqwfwËK Ávb †hgb-

†cÖÿvcU Abyhvqx Dchy³ ev mwVK Aÿi Ávb, MYbv wkÿv Ges ¯^v¯’¨ wkÿv;

·

·

·

·

·

·

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wkÿY I wkLb gvb 2:cÖwkÿY, †ckvMZ Dbœqb I mn‡hvwMZv

wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©xiv Pvwn`v I Ae¯’v Abyhvqx ch©vqµwgK, cÖvmw½K I KvVv‡gvMZ cÖwkÿY MÖnY Ki‡eb|

81

BwZevPK k„sLjv, †kªwYKÿ eë¯’vcbv, AskMÖnYg~jK c×wZ I GKxf‚Z wkÿvmn wkÿv weÁvb Ges wkÿY c×wZ;wj½-wfwËK mwnsmZvmn mswkøó Ab¨vb¨ †ÿ‡Î mwVK I mgqg‡Zv Z_¨ cÖ`vb, cÖwZ‡e`b ˆZwi Ges cÖ‡qvR‡b Ab¨Î cvVv‡bvi (†idv‡ij) Kvh©c×wZmn wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x‡ì Rb¨ AvPiYwewa;`y‡h©vM SuywK n«vm I Ø›Ø-msNvZ wbim‡bi bxwZgvjv;wkÿv_©x I wkÿK‡ì Pvwn`v, ¯’vbxq †mevi mnRcÖvc¨Zv Ges cÖ‡qvR‡b Ab¨Î cvVv‡bvi c×wZmn g‡bv-mvgwRK Dbœqb I mnvqZv;gvbevwaKvi bxwZgvjv, Gi cUf~wg Ges gvbweKZvi AvB‡bi AšÍwb©wnZ jÿ¨ I D‡Ïk¨ m¤ú‡K© AewnZ nIqv Ges wkÿv_©x‡ì Pvwn`vi m‡½ Gi cÖZ¨ÿ ev c‡ivÿ m¤úK© I †m wel‡q wkÿv_©x, wkÿK, KwgDwbwU Ges wkÿv KZ…©c‡ÿi KiYxq m¤ú‡K© cwi®‹vi aviYv;†cÖÿvc‡Ui m‡½ gvbvbmB Ab¨vb¨ m~wP|

wKfv‡e êwPÎ¨ I êl‡gï welq¸wj †gvKv‡ejv Kiv hvq Zv cÖwkÿ‡Y AšÍf©y³ _vK‡Z n‡e| †hgb-†RÛvi ms‡e`bkxj wkÿY †KŠkj bvix I cyiæl wkÿK‡ì‡K †kªwY K‡ÿ †RÛvi mgZv eyS‡Z Ges eRvq ivL‡Z DrmvwnZ K‡i| bvix wkÿvKg©x I KwgDwbwUi m`m¨‡ì cÖwkÿY cÖ`v‡bi gva¨‡g †kªwY K‡ÿi wfZ‡i I KwgDwbwUi e„nr cwim‡i BwZevPK cwieZ©b Avbv m¤¢e| wkÿY I wkLb gvb 1, c„ôv 75-80; AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 2-3 I 8, c„ôv 61-62 I 64; AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 3, wb‡`©wkKv 8, c„ôv 69-70 Ges wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x gvb 3, c„ôv 97-98 †`Lyb)|

3. cÖwkÿY mnvqZv I mgš^q: hLbB m¤¢e wkÿv KZ…©c‡ÿi DwPZ AvbyôvwbK I DcvbyôvwbK wkÿK cÖwkÿY Kvh©µ‡gi cwiKíbv I ev¯Íevq‡b †bZ…Z¡ MÖnY Kiv| wkÿv KZ©„cÿ KZ©„K GB `vwqZ¡ cvjb KL‡bv m¤¢e bv n‡j GKwU AvšÍtms¯’v mgš^q KwgwU cÖwkÿY Kvh©µ‡gi mgš^q I cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z cv‡i| cÖwkÿY cwiKíbvq PvKzixKvjxb cÖwkÿ‡Yi eë¯’v ivLv DwPZ, cÖ‡qvRb n‡j wkÿK cÖwkÿY cÖwZôvb I wek¦we`¨vj‡qi wkÿv my‡hvM‡K cybiæ¾xweZ Ki‡Z n‡e| ¯’vqxZ¡kxj wkÿv‡ÿÎ cybt¯’vcb Ki‡Z GB ai‡bi cÖwZôvb ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv cvjb K‡i (mgš^q gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 1, c„ôv 33-34; wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x gvb 3, wb‡`©wkKv 3-4, c„ôv 98 †`Lyb)|

Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z mvov cÖ`v‡bi ïiæ‡Z PvKzixKvjxb wkÿK cÖwkÿY I Kvh©c×wZi ¯^xK…wZi Rb¨ RvZxq wkÿv KZ©„cÿ Ges Ab¨vb¨ mswkøó cÿ‡K (†÷K‡nvìvi‡ì) cvV¨m~wP m¤ú‡K© gZwewbgq Kvh©µg ïiæ Kiv DwPZ| †hLv‡b m¤¢e, PvKzixKvjxb cÖwkÿ‡Yi bKkv Ggb n‡e hv‡Z K‡i RvZxq cÖ‡qvR‡b †hvM¨Zvm¤úbœ cÖwkwÿZ wkÿK ˆZwi n‡Z cv‡i| Riæwi cwiw¯’wZi mv‡_ cÖvmw½K AwZwi³ welq wn‡m‡e

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Pvwn`v Abyhvqx bvix I cyiæl, wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x‡ì cÖwkÿ‡Yi ch©vß my‡hvM ˆZwi (wb‡`©wkKv 1-2 †`Lyb)|

†cÖÿvcU Abyhvqx cÖwkÿY h_v‡cvhy³ n‡e Ges G‡Z wkLb D‡Ïk¨ I wkLbm~wPi cÖwZdjb _vK‡e (wb‡`©wkKv 1-2 †`Lyb)|

mswkøó wkÿv KZ©…c‡ÿi Øviv cÖwkÿY Kvh©µg ¯^xK…Z I Aby‡gv`b‡hvM¨ nIqv (wb‡`©wkKv 3-4 †`Lyb)|

†hvM¨ cÖwkÿK Øviv cwiPvwjZ cÖwkÿY †Kvm©mg~n PvKyixKvjxb cÖwkÿY, †kÖwYKÿ ZË¡veavbmn cÖ‡qvRbxq mnvqZv, wb‡`©kbv I cwiexÿY Kvh©µ‡gi cwic~iK n‡e (wb‡`©wkKv 3-4 †`Lyb)|

cÖwkÿY I Pjgvb mnvqZv wkLb cwi‡e‡k wkÿY mnvqK DcKiY Ges AskMÖnYg~jK wkÿY c×wZ eënv‡i wkÿKMY‡K `ÿ mnvqK wn‡m‡e M‡o †Zv‡j (wb‡`©wkKv 3-6 †`Lyb)|

AvbyôvwbK Ges DcvbyôvwbK wkÿvµ‡g `y‡h©vM m‡PZbZv, `y‡h©vM SuywK n«vm Ges Ø›Ø-msNvZ wbim‡b Ávb I `ÿZv e„w×i Rb¨ cÖwkÿ‡Yi eë¯’v Kiv (wb‡`©wkKv 6 †`Lyb)|

wb‡`©wkKv1. wkÿK: wkÿK ej‡Z eySvq wkÿv`vb Kv‡R hy³ AvbyôvwbK I DcvbyôvwbK wkÿv

Kvh©µ‡gi mnvqK ev mÂvjK‡K| wkÿK‡ì wewfbœ ai‡bi cÖwkÿY I AwfÁZv _vK‡Z cv‡i| Zviv cyivZb wkÿv_©x ev ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi m`m¨ n‡Z cv‡i (wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x gvb 1-3, c„ôv 91-98 †`Lyb)|

2. AvbyôvwbK cÖwkÿY wkÿvµg I m~wPcÎ Dbœqb: wkÿv KZ©„c‡ÿi `vwqZ¡ n‡jv AvbyôvwbK cÖwkÿ‡Yi wkÿvµg I m~wPcÎ Dbœqb Kiv| wkÿvµg I m~wP Ggbfv‡e Dbœqb Ki‡Z n‡e †hLv‡b ev‡RU I mg‡qi mxgve×Zvi g‡a¨ wkÿv_©x‡ì AwaKvi I Pvwn`v Ges wkÿvKg©x‡ì mywbw`©ó Pvwn`vi cÖwZdjb _vK‡e| cÖwkÿYm~wP‡Z †h welq¸‡jv AšÍfz©³ _vK‡e †m¸‡jv n‡jv:

g~j welqwfwËK Ávb †hgb-

†cÖÿvcU Abyhvqx Dchy³ ev mwVK Aÿi Ávb, MYbv wkÿv Ges ¯^v¯’¨ wkÿv;

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wkÿY I wkLb gvb 2:cÖwkÿY, †ckvMZ Dbœqb I mn‡hvwMZv

wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©xiv Pvwn`v I Ae¯’v Abyhvqx ch©vqµwgK, cÖvmw½K I KvVv‡gvMZ cÖwkÿY MÖnY Ki‡eb|

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BwZevPK k„sLjv, †kªwYKÿ eë¯’vcbv, AskMÖnYg~jK c×wZ I GKxf‚Z wkÿvmn wkÿv weÁvb Ges wkÿY c×wZ;wj½-wfwËK mwnsmZvmn mswkøó Ab¨vb¨ †ÿ‡Î mwVK I mgqg‡Zv Z_¨ cÖ`vb, cÖwZ‡e`b ˆZwi Ges cÖ‡qvR‡b Ab¨Î cvVv‡bvi (†idv‡ij) Kvh©c×wZmn wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x‡ì Rb¨ AvPiYwewa;`y‡h©vM SuywK n«vm I Ø›Ø-msNvZ wbim‡bi bxwZgvjv;wkÿv_©x I wkÿK‡ì Pvwn`v, ¯’vbxq †mevi mnRcÖvc¨Zv Ges cÖ‡qvR‡b Ab¨Î cvVv‡bvi c×wZmn g‡bv-mvgwRK Dbœqb I mnvqZv;gvbevwaKvi bxwZgvjv, Gi cUf~wg Ges gvbweKZvi AvB‡bi AšÍwb©wnZ jÿ¨ I D‡Ïk¨ m¤ú‡K© AewnZ nIqv Ges wkÿv_©x‡ì Pvwn`vi m‡½ Gi cÖZ¨ÿ ev c‡ivÿ m¤úK© I †m wel‡q wkÿv_©x, wkÿK, KwgDwbwU Ges wkÿv KZ…©c‡ÿi KiYxq m¤ú‡K© cwi®‹vi aviYv;†cÖÿvc‡Ui m‡½ gvbvbmB Ab¨vb¨ m~wP|

wKfv‡e êwPÎ¨ I êl‡gï welq¸wj †gvKv‡ejv Kiv hvq Zv cÖwkÿ‡Y AšÍf©y³ _vK‡Z n‡e| †hgb-†RÛvi ms‡e`bkxj wkÿY †KŠkj bvix I cyiæl wkÿK‡ì‡K †kªwY K‡ÿ †RÛvi mgZv eyS‡Z Ges eRvq ivL‡Z DrmvwnZ K‡i| bvix wkÿvKg©x I KwgDwbwUi m`m¨‡ì cÖwkÿY cÖ`v‡bi gva¨‡g †kªwY K‡ÿi wfZ‡i I KwgDwbwUi e„nr cwim‡i BwZevPK cwieZ©b Avbv m¤¢e| wkÿY I wkLb gvb 1, c„ôv 75-80; AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 2-3 I 8, c„ôv 61-62 I 64; AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 3, wb‡`©wkKv 8, c„ôv 69-70 Ges wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x gvb 3, c„ôv 97-98 †`Lyb)|

3. cÖwkÿY mnvqZv I mgš^q: hLbB m¤¢e wkÿv KZ…©c‡ÿi DwPZ AvbyôvwbK I DcvbyôvwbK wkÿK cÖwkÿY Kvh©µ‡gi cwiKíbv I ev¯Íevq‡b †bZ…Z¡ MÖnY Kiv| wkÿv KZ©„cÿ KZ©„K GB `vwqZ¡ cvjb KL‡bv m¤¢e bv n‡j GKwU AvšÍtms¯’v mgš^q KwgwU cÖwkÿY Kvh©µ‡gi mgš^q I cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z cv‡i| cÖwkÿY cwiKíbvq PvKzixKvjxb cÖwkÿ‡Yi eë¯’v ivLv DwPZ, cÖ‡qvRb n‡j wkÿK cÖwkÿY cÖwZôvb I wek¦we`¨vj‡qi wkÿv my‡hvM‡K cybiæ¾xweZ Ki‡Z n‡e| ¯’vqxZ¡kxj wkÿv‡ÿÎ cybt¯’vcb Ki‡Z GB ai‡bi cÖwZôvb ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv cvjb K‡i (mgš^q gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 1, c„ôv 33-34; wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x gvb 3, wb‡`©wkKv 3-4, c„ôv 98 †`Lyb)|

Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z mvov cÖ`v‡bi ïiæ‡Z PvKzixKvjxb wkÿK cÖwkÿY I Kvh©c×wZi ¯^xK…wZi Rb¨ RvZxq wkÿv KZ©„cÿ Ges Ab¨vb¨ mswkøó cÿ‡K (†÷K‡nvìvi‡ì) cvV¨m~wP m¤ú‡K© gZwewbgq Kvh©µg ïiæ Kiv DwPZ| †hLv‡b m¤¢e, PvKzixKvjxb cÖwkÿ‡Yi bKkv Ggb n‡e hv‡Z K‡i RvZxq cÖ‡qvR‡b †hvM¨Zvm¤úbœ cÖwkwÿZ wkÿK ˆZwi n‡Z cv‡i| Riæwi cwiw¯’wZi mv‡_ cÖvmw½K AwZwi³ welq wn‡m‡e

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g‡bv-mvgwRK Pvwn`v c~iY‡K hy³ Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| †hLv‡b ¯’vbxq wkÿv eë¯’v †_‡K kiYv_©x‡ì wkÿv eë¯’v wfbœ, †mLv‡b PvKzixKvjxb cÖwkÿY kiYv_©x wkÿK‡ì wbR †`k ev Avkªq`vZv †`‡ki †hvM¨ wkÿK‡ì g‡Zv K‡i M‡o †Zv‡j|

wkÿK‡ì Rb¨ Dchy³ cÖwkÿY cÖYqb I ev¯Íevq‡b ¯’vbxq cÖwkÿK wPwýZ Ki‡Z n‡e| Zv‡ì cÖwkÿY cwiPvjbv I cÖwkÿY `ÿZvi Rb¨ mÿgZv ˆZwii cÖ‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i| cÖwkÿK I cÖwkÿYv_©x wbe©vP‡b cyiæl I gwnjv fvimvg¨ iÿv Ki‡Z n‡e| †hLv‡b cÖwkÿ‡Ki msL¨v mxwgZ A_ev h‡_ó cÖwkwÿZ cÖwkÿK †bB, †mLv‡b †h mg¯Í cÖwZôvb PvKzixKvjxb ev PvKzixc~e© cÖwkÿY w`‡q _v‡K Zv‡ì‡K kw³kvjx Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| GUv n‡e RvZxq I AvÂwjK cÖwZôvb Ges evB‡ii ms¯’v †hgb RvwZms‡Ni ms¯’v I †emiKvwi Dbœqb ms¯’vi GKwU mg¤^q I †hŠ_ cÖ‡Póv| cÖwkÿY Kg©m~wP‡Z GB welq¸‡jv AšÍf©y³ n‡Z cv‡i:

wkÿK cÖwkÿ‡Yi wkÿvµg I cvV¨ cy¯Í‡Ki ch©v‡jvPbv;Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ m¤úwK©Z welqvwì AšÍf©yw³ I nvjbvMv` Kiv;nv‡ZKj‡g wkÿ‡Ki KvR K‡i AwfÁZv AR©‡bi my‡hvM †hgb: wkÿ‡Ki mnKvix wn‡m‡e A_ev wkÿbexk wn‡m‡e KvR Kivi my‡hvM|

4. cÖwkÿ‡Yi ¯^xK…wZ I Aby‡gv`b: Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ †_‡K c~e©ve¯’vq wd‡i bv Avmv ch©šÍ ¯^xK…Z I gvbm¤§Z wkÿK cÖwkÿ‡Yi eë¯’v wbwðZ Ki‡Z wkÿv KZ…©c‡ÿi mg_©b I Aby‡gv`b AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| kiYv_©x wkÿK‡ì †ÿ‡Î wbR †`k ev Avkªq`vZv †`k ev AÂ‡ji wkÿv KZ…©cÿ cÖwkÿ‡Yi MÖnY‡hvM¨Zv Ges †mUv wkÿK I wkÿv_©x‡ì Pvwn`vi mv‡_ gvbvbmB n‡”Q wKbv Zv wba©viY Ki‡e (wkÿvbxwZ gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 7, c„ôv 106-107 †`Lyb)|

5. wkÿY I wkLY DcKiY: wkÿvµ‡gi Dci wfwË K‡i Pvwn`v Abhy vqx mwy bw`ó© wkÿY mnvqK DcKiY wKfv‡e wPwýZ Kiv hvq †m wel‡q wkÿK‡ì cwÖ kÿY w`‡Z n‡e| ¯v’ bxqfv‡e mnRcvÖ c¨ DcKi‡Yi gva¨‡g wKfv‡e KvhK© i I mwVK wkÿY mnvqK DcKiY ˆZwi Kiv hvq Zv wkÿK‡ì †kLv‡Z n‡e (wkÿY I wkLb gvb 1, wb‡`w© kKv 9, cô„ v 80; wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKgx© gvb 3, wb‡`w© kKv 1, cô„ v 97 †`Lby )|

6. Avc` m¤ú‡K© m‡PZbZv, Swyu K nv« m Ges mvov cÖ v‡bi cÖ w‘ Z: wk¶v_x© I ¯v’ bxq Rb‡Mvôx‡K fwel¨Z `‡y hv© M ckÖ gb I cwÖ Z‡iv‡a mnvqZv Kivi Rb¨ wk¶K‡ì Ávb I AwfÁZv _vKv c‡Ö qvRb| wkÿY I wkL‡bi g‡a¨ Swyu K nv« m I Ø›Ø-msNvZ wbim‡bi welq¸‡jv AšfÍ ³y© Ki‡Z Zv‡ì mnvqZvi c‡Ö qvRb n‡Z cv‡i| KwgDwbwU m¤v¢ e¨ †h me Avc` ev `‡y hv© ‡Mi m¤§Ly xb n‡Z cv‡i Zv wPwýZKiY, cwÖ Z‡iva Ges mvov`v‡bi Rb¨ c‡Ö qvRbxq Z_¨ Ges `ÿZv Gi AvIZvf³~ (chv© ‡jvPbv gvb 1, wb‡`w© kKv 3, cô„ v 39-40; AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 2, wb‡ w© kKv 11, cô„ v 65; AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 3, wb‡ w© kKv 1-2, cô„ v 66-68 Ges wk¶vbxwZ gvb 1, wb‡ w© kKv 2 I 6, cô„ v 104-105 I 106 †`Lby )|

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wkÿY c×wZ wkÿv_©xi eqm, weKv‡ki ch©vq, fvlv, ms®‹„wZ, mÿgZv I Pvwn`vi mv‡_ mvgÄm¨c~Y© n‡Z n‡e (wb‡`©wkKv 1-3 †`Lyb)|

wkÿK wkÿv_©x‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbvi mgq cv‡Vi welqwfwËK Ávb I wkÿY `ÿZv cÖ`k©‡b mÿg n‡e ( wb‡`©wkKv 1-3 †`Lyb)|

GKxf~Z wkÿvi cÖmvi Ges wkL‡bi cÖwZeÜKZvmg~n Kgv‡bvi Rb¨ wkÿY I wkLb cÖwµqv cÖwZeÜxmn mKj wkÿv_©xi Pvwn`v Abyhvqx n‡e (wb‡`©wkKv 2 †`Lyb)|

wcZvgvZv I KwgDwbwUi †bZviv eëüZ wkÿY c×wZ I cv‡Vi welqe¯‘ †hb eyS‡Z cv‡i Ges Aby‡gv`b K‡i (wb‡`©wkKv 3 †`Lyb)|

wb‡`©wkKv1. mwµq AskMÖnY: weKv‡ki mKj ch©vq I mKj eq‡mi wkÿv_©xi mwµq AskMÖnY

¸iæZ¡c~Y©| cv‡V mKj wkÿv_©xi m¤ú„³Zv‡K wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ wkÿY n‡e wg_w®Œqvc~Y© I AskMÖnYg~jK| GUv weKvk Dc‡hvMx h_v_© wkÿY I wkLb cÖwµqvi eënvi‡K wbwðZ K‡i| `jwfwËK KvR, cÖKí KvR, †Rvov c×wZ‡Z wkÿv, f~wgKv Awfbq, Mí ejv, A_ev †Kv‡bv NUbv, †Ljvayjv, wfwWI ev M‡íi eY©bv Gi AšÍf©y³ n‡Z cv‡i| GB c×wZ¸‡jv wkÿK cÖwkÿY, we`¨vj‡qi cvV¨cy¯ÍK I cÖwkÿY Kg©m~wP‡Z mshy³ Kiv DwPZ| mwµq wkLb‡K we`¨gvb wkÿvµ‡gi g‡a¨ wb‡q Avm‡Z n‡e| †QvU wkïiv †Ljvi gva¨‡g wk‡L _v‡K| Zv‡ì wkLb Ae¨k¨B †Ljvayjvi gva¨‡g nIqv DwPZ| wb‡`©wkZ †Ljv wkï‡ì `ÿZv Ges mncvVx I wkÿK‡ì m‡½ m¤úK© ˆZwi Ki‡Z cv‡i| AwZ †QvU wkï‡ì evev gv I Zv‡ì †`Lv‡kvbvi Kv‡R wb‡qvwRZ e¨w³‡ì GB welq¸‡jv eyS‡Z I cÖ‡qvM Ki‡Z mn‡hvwMZv Kiv DwPZ:

wkï‡ì Pvwn`vi cÖwZ ms‡e`bkxj I mvov cÖ`v‡bi ¸iæZ¡;†QvU wkï‡ì †`Lfv‡ji c×wZ†Ljvayjvi c×wZ hv wKbv wkï‡ì wkLb cÖwµqvq mwµq AskMÖnY I weKv‡k mnvqZv K‡i|

2. wkL‡b cÖwZeÜKZv: Riæwi Ae¯’vq AvbyôvwbK I DcvbyôvwbK wkÿvi ¸iæZ¡ wb‡q evev gv, KwgDwbwUi m`m¨, wkÿv KZ©„cÿ I Ab¨vb¨ mswkøó †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì mv‡_ wkÿK‡ì K_v ej‡Z n‡e| Zviv AwaKvi, êwPÎ¨ I AšÍfy©w³i welq Ges †h me

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wkÿY I wkLb gvb 3:wkÿY I wkLb cÖwµqv

wkÿv_©x-†Kw›`ªK, AskMÖnYg~jK I GKxf~Z wkÿv Ges wkLb cÖwµqv cÖeZ©b|


g‡bv-mvgwRK Pvwn`v c~iY‡K hy³ Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| †hLv‡b ¯’vbxq wkÿv eë¯’v †_‡K kiYv_©x‡ì wkÿv eë¯’v wfbœ, †mLv‡b PvKzixKvjxb cÖwkÿY kiYv_©x wkÿK‡ì wbR †`k ev Avkªq`vZv †`‡ki †hvM¨ wkÿK‡ì g‡Zv K‡i M‡o †Zv‡j|

wkÿK‡ì Rb¨ Dchy³ cÖwkÿY cÖYqb I ev¯Íevq‡b ¯’vbxq cÖwkÿK wPwýZ Ki‡Z n‡e| Zv‡ì cÖwkÿY cwiPvjbv I cÖwkÿY `ÿZvi Rb¨ mÿgZv ˆZwii cÖ‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i| cÖwkÿK I cÖwkÿYv_©x wbe©vP‡b cyiæl I gwnjv fvimvg¨ iÿv Ki‡Z n‡e| †hLv‡b cÖwkÿ‡Ki msL¨v mxwgZ A_ev h‡_ó cÖwkwÿZ cÖwkÿK †bB, †mLv‡b †h mg¯Í cÖwZôvb PvKzixKvjxb ev PvKzixc~e© cÖwkÿY w`‡q _v‡K Zv‡ì‡K kw³kvjx Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| GUv n‡e RvZxq I AvÂwjK cÖwZôvb Ges evB‡ii ms¯’v †hgb RvwZms‡Ni ms¯’v I †emiKvwi Dbœqb ms¯’vi GKwU mg¤^q I †hŠ_ cÖ‡Póv| cÖwkÿY Kg©m~wP‡Z GB welq¸‡jv AšÍf©y³ n‡Z cv‡i:

wkÿK cÖwkÿ‡Yi wkÿvµg I cvV¨ cy¯Í‡Ki ch©v‡jvPbv;Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ m¤úwK©Z welqvwì AšÍf©yw³ I nvjbvMv` Kiv;nv‡ZKj‡g wkÿ‡Ki KvR K‡i AwfÁZv AR©‡bi my‡hvM †hgb: wkÿ‡Ki mnKvix wn‡m‡e A_ev wkÿbexk wn‡m‡e KvR Kivi my‡hvM|

4. cÖwkÿ‡Yi ¯^xK…wZ I Aby‡gv`b: Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ †_‡K c~e©ve¯’vq wd‡i bv Avmv ch©šÍ ¯^xK…Z I gvbm¤§Z wkÿK cÖwkÿ‡Yi eë¯’v wbwðZ Ki‡Z wkÿv KZ…©c‡ÿi mg_©b I Aby‡gv`b AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| kiYv_©x wkÿK‡ì †ÿ‡Î wbR †`k ev Avkªq`vZv †`k ev AÂ‡ji wkÿv KZ…©cÿ cÖwkÿ‡Yi MÖnY‡hvM¨Zv Ges †mUv wkÿK I wkÿv_©x‡ì Pvwn`vi mv‡_ gvbvbmB n‡”Q wKbv Zv wba©viY Ki‡e (wkÿvbxwZ gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 7, c„ôv 106-107 †`Lyb)|

5. wkÿY I wkLY DcKiY: wkÿvµ‡gi Dci wfwË K‡i Pvwn`v Abhy vqx mwy bw`ó© wkÿY mnvqK DcKiY wKfv‡e wPwýZ Kiv hvq †m wel‡q wkÿK‡ì cwÖ kÿY w`‡Z n‡e| ¯v’ bxqfv‡e mnRcvÖ c¨ DcKi‡Yi gva¨‡g wKfv‡e KvhK© i I mwVK wkÿY mnvqK DcKiY ˆZwi Kiv hvq Zv wkÿK‡ì †kLv‡Z n‡e (wkÿY I wkLb gvb 1, wb‡`w© kKv 9, cô„ v 80; wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKgx© gvb 3, wb‡`w© kKv 1, cô„ v 97 †`Lby )|

6. Avc` m¤ú‡K© m‡PZbZv, Swyu K nv« m Ges mvov cÖ v‡bi cÖ w‘ Z: wk¶v_x© I ¯v’ bxq Rb‡Mvôx‡K fwel¨Z `‡y hv© M ckÖ gb I cwÖ Z‡iv‡a mnvqZv Kivi Rb¨ wk¶K‡ì Ávb I AwfÁZv _vKv c‡Ö qvRb| wkÿY I wkL‡bi g‡a¨ Swyu K nv« m I Ø›Ø-msNvZ wbim‡bi welq¸‡jv AšfÍ ³y© Ki‡Z Zv‡ì mnvqZvi c‡Ö qvRb n‡Z cv‡i| KwgDwbwU m¤v¢ e¨ †h me Avc` ev `‡y hv© ‡Mi m¤§Ly xb n‡Z cv‡i Zv wPwýZKiY, cwÖ Z‡iva Ges mvov`v‡bi Rb¨ c‡Ö qvRbxq Z_¨ Ges `ÿZv Gi AvIZvf³~ (chv© ‡jvPbv gvb 1, wb‡`w© kKv 3, cô„ v 39-40; AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 2, wb‡ w© kKv 11, cô„ v 65; AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 3, wb‡ w© kKv 1-2, cô„ v 66-68 Ges wk¶vbxwZ gvb 1, wb‡ w© kKv 2 I 6, cô„ v 104-105 I 106 †`Lby )|

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wkÿY c×wZ wkÿv_©xi eqm, weKv‡ki ch©vq, fvlv, ms®‹„wZ, mÿgZv I Pvwn`vi mv‡_ mvgÄm¨c~Y© n‡Z n‡e (wb‡`©wkKv 1-3 †`Lyb)|

wkÿK wkÿv_©x‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbvi mgq cv‡Vi welqwfwËK Ávb I wkÿY `ÿZv cÖ`k©‡b mÿg n‡e ( wb‡`©wkKv 1-3 †`Lyb)|

GKxf~Z wkÿvi cÖmvi Ges wkL‡bi cÖwZeÜKZvmg~n Kgv‡bvi Rb¨ wkÿY I wkLb cÖwµqv cÖwZeÜxmn mKj wkÿv_©xi Pvwn`v Abyhvqx n‡e (wb‡`©wkKv 2 †`Lyb)|

wcZvgvZv I KwgDwbwUi †bZviv eëüZ wkÿY c×wZ I cv‡Vi welqe¯‘ †hb eyS‡Z cv‡i Ges Aby‡gv`b K‡i (wb‡`©wkKv 3 †`Lyb)|

wb‡`©wkKv1. mwµq AskMÖnY: weKv‡ki mKj ch©vq I mKj eq‡mi wkÿv_©xi mwµq AskMÖnY

¸iæZ¡c~Y©| cv‡V mKj wkÿv_©xi m¤ú„³Zv‡K wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ wkÿY n‡e wg_w®Œqvc~Y© I AskMÖnYg~jK| GUv weKvk Dc‡hvMx h_v_© wkÿY I wkLb cÖwµqvi eënvi‡K wbwðZ K‡i| `jwfwËK KvR, cÖKí KvR, †Rvov c×wZ‡Z wkÿv, f~wgKv Awfbq, Mí ejv, A_ev †Kv‡bv NUbv, †Ljvayjv, wfwWI ev M‡íi eY©bv Gi AšÍf©y³ n‡Z cv‡i| GB c×wZ¸‡jv wkÿK cÖwkÿY, we`¨vj‡qi cvV¨cy¯ÍK I cÖwkÿY Kg©m~wP‡Z mshy³ Kiv DwPZ| mwµq wkLb‡K we`¨gvb wkÿvµ‡gi g‡a¨ wb‡q Avm‡Z n‡e| †QvU wkïiv †Ljvi gva¨‡g wk‡L _v‡K| Zv‡ì wkLb Ae¨k¨B †Ljvayjvi gva¨‡g nIqv DwPZ| wb‡`©wkZ †Ljv wkï‡ì `ÿZv Ges mncvVx I wkÿK‡ì m‡½ m¤úK© ˆZwi Ki‡Z cv‡i| AwZ †QvU wkï‡ì evev gv I Zv‡ì †`Lv‡kvbvi Kv‡R wb‡qvwRZ e¨w³‡ì GB welq¸‡jv eyS‡Z I cÖ‡qvM Ki‡Z mn‡hvwMZv Kiv DwPZ:

wkï‡ì Pvwn`vi cÖwZ ms‡e`bkxj I mvov cÖ`v‡bi ¸iæZ¡;†QvU wkï‡ì †`Lfv‡ji c×wZ†Ljvayjvi c×wZ hv wKbv wkï‡ì wkLb cÖwµqvq mwµq AskMÖnY I weKv‡k mnvqZv K‡i|

2. wkL‡b cÖwZeÜKZv: Riæwi Ae¯’vq AvbyôvwbK I DcvbyôvwbK wkÿvi ¸iæZ¡ wb‡q evev gv, KwgDwbwUi m`m¨, wkÿv KZ©„cÿ I Ab¨vb¨ mswkøó †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì mv‡_ wkÿK‡ì K_v ej‡Z n‡e| Zviv AwaKvi, êwPÎ¨ I AšÍfy©w³i welq Ges †h me

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wkÿY I wkLb gvb 3:wkÿY I wkLb cÖwµqv

wkÿv_©x-†Kw›`ªK, AskMÖnYg~jK I GKxf~Z wkÿv Ges wkLb cÖwµqv cÖeZ©b|


wkï I bexb bvix-cyiæl wkÿv cÖwµqvq Ask †bqwb Zv‡ì Kv‡Q †cuŠQv‡bvi ¸iæZ¡ wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z cv‡i| RbMY KZ©„K me wkïi AšÍfz©w³i cÖ‡qvRbxqZv eyS‡Z I mnvqZv Ki‡Z Ges h_v_© m¤ú` I my‡hvM myweav wbwðZ Ki‡Z GB Av‡jvPbv ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| wkL‡bi cÖwZeÜKZv¸‡jv‡K wPwýZ Ki‡Z Ges KwgDwbwU ch©v‡q GB cÖwZeÜKZv¸‡jv‡K Zz‡j aivi Rb¨ cwiKíbv cÖYq‡b AwffveK-wkÿK msN, we`¨vjq eë¯’vcbv I KwgDwbwU wkÿv KwgwU‡K msMwVZ Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i (AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 7, c„ôv 58-59 †`Lyb)|

3. h_v_© wkÿY c×wZ: ce~ v© e¯v’ q wd‡i bv Avmv chš© Í Pvjy _vKv Riæwi cwiw¯w’ Z‡Z wkÿv Avbôy vwbK wkÿvi †ÿ‡Î BwZevPK cwieZ‡© bi mP~ bv Kivi Rb¨ wkÿK‡ì m‡y hvM K‡i †`q| wkÿY c×wZ †cÿÖ vcU Abhy vqx Lvc LvIqv‡bv m¤e¢ Ges AwaKvi, Pvwn`v, eqm, cwÖ ZeÜxZv I wkÿv_x© i mÿgZv‡K wb‡`k© bv w`‡Z cvi‡e| hvB‡nvK, AwaK AskMnÖ Ygj~ K A_ev wkÿv_x© evÜe wkÿv c×wZ ms‡e`bkxjZv I h‡Ziœ mv‡_ Pvjy Kiv DwPZ| bZbz c×wZi ev¯eÍ vqb, we‡kl K‡i Riæwi Ae¯v’ i cvÖ _wgK chv© ‡q GgbwK AwfÁ wkÿK‡ì †ÿ‡ÎI AwZwi³ Pv‡ci mw„ ó nq| GUv wkÿv_x© , AwffveK I KwgDwbwUi m`m¨‡ì DciI cfÖ ve †dj‡Z cv‡i (INEE wb‡`w© kKv wkÿY I wkLb gvb †`Lby , INEE Ujy wK‡U Av‡Q: www.ineesite.org/toolkit)

wkÿv KZ©„c‡ÿi Aby‡gv`b, mgš^q I mg_©b wb‡q cwieZ©b¸‡jv Pvjy Kiv‡Z n‡e| GB cwieZ©b¸‡jv †g‡b wb‡Z I eyS‡Z we`¨vjq I KwgDwbwUi mg‡qi cÖ‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i| GUv wbwðZ Kiv Riæwi †h, G wel‡q AwffveK I KwgDwbwUi Ab¨vb¨ m`m¨‡ì D‡ØM I DrKÉv wbim‡bi c`‡ÿc †bqv n‡q‡Q| wkÿK‡ì cÖZ¨vwkZ m‡PZbZv I AvPi‡Yi cwieZ©bmn bZzb wkÿvµ‡gi mv‡_ cwiwPZ nIqv DwPZ|

DcvbyôvwbK wkÿv Kvh©µ‡g cÖwkÿ‡Yi gva¨‡g Ges †¯^”Qv‡mex, mnvqK Ges †`LfvjKvix‡ì mnvqZvq wkÿv_©x †Kw›`ªK cÖwµqv Pvjy Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| wkÿvµg Abyhvqx c×wZ¸‡jv mvRv‡Z n‡e, hv wKbv †gŠwjK wkÿvi g~j AR©b †hvM¨Zv¸‡jv †hgb mvÿiZv, MYbv wkÿv I Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z cÖvmw½K Rxeb `ÿZv‡K AšÍfz©³ Ki‡e (wkÿY I wkLb gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 4, c„ôv 77 †`Lyb)|

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c~e© wba©vwiZ wkLb D‡Ïk¨ Abyhvqx wkÿv_©xi AMÖMwZ‡K wbqwgZ wbiƒcY I g~j¨vqb Kiv (wb‡`©wkKv 1 †`Lyb)|

†mB Abyhvqx †Kvm© mgvwßi cÖ‡qvRbxq KvMRcÎ †hvMvb †`qv A_ev wkÿv_©xi AR©b‡K ¯^xK…wZ †`qv (wb‡`©wkKv 2 †`Lyb)|

cwiewZ©Z cwi‡e‡k Kg©m~wPi cÖvmw½KZvi Av‡jv‡K KvwiMwi I e„wËg~jK Kg©m~wPi ¯œvZK‡ì ¸YMZ w`K hvPvB Kivi Rb¨ g~j¨vqb Kiv (wb‡`©wkKv 2 †`Lyb)|

wbiƒcY I g~j¨vqb c×wZ wbi‡cÿ, wbf©i‡hvM¨ Ges wkÿv_©xi Rb¨ ûgwKnxb n‡e (wb‡`©wkKv 3 †`Lyb)|

wbiƒcY †hb wkÿv_©x‡ì fwel¨Z wkÿv I A_©‰bwZK Pvwn`vi mv‡_ cÖvmw½K nq (wb‡`©wkKv 4 †`Lyb)|

wb‡`©wkKv1. Kvh©Ki wbiƒcY Ges g~j¨vqb c×wZ I c`‡ÿcmg~n Aek¨B Pvjy Ki‡Z n‡e Ges

wb‡Pi welq¸‡jv we‡ePbvq wb‡Z n‡e:

cÖvmw½KZv: wkLb ch©vq I wkÿv_©xi eqm Abyhvqx h_vh_ cixÿvi eë¯’v _vK‡e (wb‡P wb‡`©wkKv 4 †`Lyb);avivevwnKZv: mKj ¯’v‡b GKB g~j¨vqb c×wZ AbymiY I cÖ‡qvM Kiv n‡e Ges mKj wkÿK G e¨cv‡i ÁvZ _vK‡e;my‡hvM: Abycw¯’Z wkÿv_©x‡ì‡K Av‡iKevi wbiƒc‡Yi my‡hvM †`qv;mgqm~wP: wkÿYKvjxb I wkÿY cieZ©x wbiƒcY Kiv n‡e;†cŠbtcywbKZv (KZ w`b cici Zv wbw`©ó Kiv): GwU Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ Øviv cÖfvweZ n‡Z cv‡i;wbivc` I h_©v_ web¨vm: wkÿv KZ©„cÿ KZ©„K wbivc` ¯’v‡b AvbyôvwbK wbiƒcY cwiPvwjZ n‡e;¯^”QZv: wkÿv_©x‡ì mv‡_ wbiƒc‡Yi djvdj wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡e, wkï wkÿv_©x‡ì †ÿ‡Î Zv‡ì AwffveK‡ì mv‡_ G wel‡q Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡e| †hLv‡b m¤¢e wbiƒc‡Yi g~j c‡e© ewnivMZ cixÿv wbqš¿Kiv _vK‡eb;cÖwZeÜx wkÿv_©x‡ì Rb¨ eë¯’v: `xN© mgq e›Ub Kiv Ges Zv‡ì Rb¨ h_v_© weKí cÖwµqvi eë¯’v Ki‡Z n‡e (INEE Pocket Guide to Supporting

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wkÿY I wkLb gvb 4:wkLb djvdj wbiƒcY

wkLb djvdj g~j¨vqb I hvPvB‡q h_vh_ c×wZi eënvi|


wkï I bexb bvix-cyiæl wkÿv cÖwµqvq Ask †bqwb Zv‡ì Kv‡Q †cuŠQv‡bvi ¸iæZ¡ wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z cv‡i| RbMY KZ©„K me wkïi AšÍfz©w³i cÖ‡qvRbxqZv eyS‡Z I mnvqZv Ki‡Z Ges h_v_© m¤ú` I my‡hvM myweav wbwðZ Ki‡Z GB Av‡jvPbv ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| wkL‡bi cÖwZeÜKZv¸‡jv‡K wPwýZ Ki‡Z Ges KwgDwbwU ch©v‡q GB cÖwZeÜKZv¸‡jv‡K Zz‡j aivi Rb¨ cwiKíbv cÖYq‡b AwffveK-wkÿK msN, we`¨vjq eë¯’vcbv I KwgDwbwU wkÿv KwgwU‡K msMwVZ Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i (AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 7, c„ôv 58-59 †`Lyb)|

3. h_v_© wkÿY c×wZ: ce~ v© e¯v’ q wd‡i bv Avmv chš© Í Pvjy _vKv Riæwi cwiw¯w’ Z‡Z wkÿv Avbôy vwbK wkÿvi †ÿ‡Î BwZevPK cwieZ‡© bi mP~ bv Kivi Rb¨ wkÿK‡ì m‡y hvM K‡i †`q| wkÿY c×wZ †cÿÖ vcU Abhy vqx Lvc LvIqv‡bv m¤e¢ Ges AwaKvi, Pvwn`v, eqm, cwÖ ZeÜxZv I wkÿv_x© i mÿgZv‡K wb‡`k© bv w`‡Z cvi‡e| hvB‡nvK, AwaK AskMnÖ Ygj~ K A_ev wkÿv_x© evÜe wkÿv c×wZ ms‡e`bkxjZv I h‡Ziœ mv‡_ Pvjy Kiv DwPZ| bZbz c×wZi ev¯eÍ vqb, we‡kl K‡i Riæwi Ae¯v’ i cvÖ _wgK chv© ‡q GgbwK AwfÁ wkÿK‡ì †ÿ‡ÎI AwZwi³ Pv‡ci mw„ ó nq| GUv wkÿv_x© , AwffveK I KwgDwbwUi m`m¨‡ì DciI cfÖ ve †dj‡Z cv‡i (INEE wb‡`w© kKv wkÿY I wkLb gvb †`Lby , INEE Ujy wK‡U Av‡Q: www.ineesite.org/toolkit)

wkÿv KZ©„c‡ÿi Aby‡gv`b, mgš^q I mg_©b wb‡q cwieZ©b¸‡jv Pvjy Kiv‡Z n‡e| GB cwieZ©b¸‡jv †g‡b wb‡Z I eyS‡Z we`¨vjq I KwgDwbwUi mg‡qi cÖ‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i| GUv wbwðZ Kiv Riæwi †h, G wel‡q AwffveK I KwgDwbwUi Ab¨vb¨ m`m¨‡ì D‡ØM I DrKÉv wbim‡bi c`‡ÿc †bqv n‡q‡Q| wkÿK‡ì cÖZ¨vwkZ m‡PZbZv I AvPi‡Yi cwieZ©bmn bZzb wkÿvµ‡gi mv‡_ cwiwPZ nIqv DwPZ|

DcvbyôvwbK wkÿv Kvh©µ‡g cÖwkÿ‡Yi gva¨‡g Ges †¯^”Qv‡mex, mnvqK Ges †`LfvjKvix‡ì mnvqZvq wkÿv_©x †Kw›`ªK cÖwµqv Pvjy Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| wkÿvµg Abyhvqx c×wZ¸‡jv mvRv‡Z n‡e, hv wKbv †gŠwjK wkÿvi g~j AR©b †hvM¨Zv¸‡jv †hgb mvÿiZv, MYbv wkÿv I Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z cÖvmw½K Rxeb `ÿZv‡K AšÍfz©³ Ki‡e (wkÿY I wkLb gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 4, c„ôv 77 †`Lyb)|

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c~e© wba©vwiZ wkLb D‡Ïk¨ Abyhvqx wkÿv_©xi AMÖMwZ‡K wbqwgZ wbiƒcY I g~j¨vqb Kiv (wb‡`©wkKv 1 †`Lyb)|

†mB Abyhvqx †Kvm© mgvwßi cÖ‡qvRbxq KvMRcÎ †hvMvb †`qv A_ev wkÿv_©xi AR©b‡K ¯^xK…wZ †`qv (wb‡`©wkKv 2 †`Lyb)|

cwiewZ©Z cwi‡e‡k Kg©m~wPi cÖvmw½KZvi Av‡jv‡K KvwiMwi I e„wËg~jK Kg©m~wPi ¯œvZK‡ì ¸YMZ w`K hvPvB Kivi Rb¨ g~j¨vqb Kiv (wb‡`©wkKv 2 †`Lyb)|

wbiƒcY I g~j¨vqb c×wZ wbi‡cÿ, wbf©i‡hvM¨ Ges wkÿv_©xi Rb¨ ûgwKnxb n‡e (wb‡`©wkKv 3 †`Lyb)|

wbiƒcY †hb wkÿv_©x‡ì fwel¨Z wkÿv I A_©‰bwZK Pvwn`vi mv‡_ cÖvmw½K nq (wb‡`©wkKv 4 †`Lyb)|

wb‡`©wkKv1. Kvh©Ki wbiƒcY Ges g~j¨vqb c×wZ I c`‡ÿcmg~n Aek¨B Pvjy Ki‡Z n‡e Ges

wb‡Pi welq¸‡jv we‡ePbvq wb‡Z n‡e:

cÖvmw½KZv: wkLb ch©vq I wkÿv_©xi eqm Abyhvqx h_vh_ cixÿvi eë¯’v _vK‡e (wb‡P wb‡`©wkKv 4 †`Lyb);avivevwnKZv: mKj ¯’v‡b GKB g~j¨vqb c×wZ AbymiY I cÖ‡qvM Kiv n‡e Ges mKj wkÿK G e¨cv‡i ÁvZ _vK‡e;my‡hvM: Abycw¯’Z wkÿv_©x‡ì‡K Av‡iKevi wbiƒc‡Yi my‡hvM †`qv;mgqm~wP: wkÿYKvjxb I wkÿY cieZ©x wbiƒcY Kiv n‡e;†cŠbtcywbKZv (KZ w`b cici Zv wbw`©ó Kiv): GwU Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ Øviv cÖfvweZ n‡Z cv‡i;wbivc` I h_©v_ web¨vm: wkÿv KZ©„cÿ KZ©„K wbivc` ¯’v‡b AvbyôvwbK wbiƒcY cwiPvwjZ n‡e;¯^”QZv: wkÿv_©x‡ì mv‡_ wbiƒc‡Yi djvdj wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡e, wkï wkÿv_©x‡ì †ÿ‡Î Zv‡ì AwffveK‡ì mv‡_ G wel‡q Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡e| †hLv‡b m¤¢e wbiƒc‡Yi g~j c‡e© ewnivMZ cixÿv wbqš¿Kiv _vK‡eb;cÖwZeÜx wkÿv_©x‡ì Rb¨ eë¯’v: `xN© mgq e›Ub Kiv Ges Zv‡ì Rb¨ h_v_© weKí cÖwµqvi eë¯’v Ki‡Z n‡e (INEE Pocket Guide to Supporting

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wkÿY I wkLb gvb 4:wkLb djvdj wbiƒcY

wkLb djvdj g~j¨vqb I hvPvB‡q h_vh_ c×wZi eënvi|


¿

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GB gvbmg~n ev¯Íevq‡bi †ÿ‡Î Uz‡ji Rb¨ mvnvh¨ †c‡Z, INEE Toolkit

www.ineesite.org/toolkit G †h‡Z n‡e

INEE Toolkit: INEE Toolkit:

INEE b~¨bZg gvb wkÿY I wkLb wb‡`©wkKv

ev¯Íevqb Uzj wkÿY I wkL‡bi mnvqK mvgMÖx

wkÿY I wkLb

Learning for People with Disabilities †`Lyb, INEE Toolkit G Av‡Q, Toolkit: www.ineesite.org/toolkit)|

2. wbiƒc‡Yi djvdj: AvbyôvwbK wkÿv Kg©m~wP‡Z wkÿv_©xi AR©b I cixÿvi djvdj wkÿv KZ©„cÿ KZ©„K ¯^xK…wZ cvIqvi Rb¨ wbiƒcY cwiPvwjZ nq| kiYv_©x‡ì †ejvq Zv‡ì wbR GjvKv A_ev wbR †`‡ki wkÿv KZ…©c‡ÿi KvQ †_‡K ¯^xK…wZ Av`v‡qi cÖqvm Pvjv‡bv DwPZ| KvwiMwi I e„wËg~jK wkÿv Ges cÖwkÿY RvZxq cÖZ¨vqb gvb‡K mvg‡b †i‡L Kiv n‡”Q wKbv cÖwkÿY cÖ`vbKvix ms¯’v GUv wbwðZ Ki‡e| †Kvm© mgvwßKiY cÎ wW‡cøvgv I ¯œvZK cÖZ¨qbcÎ n‡Z cv‡i|

3. wbiƒc‡Yi wKQz wewae× wbqgvejx: wKQz wewae× wbqg †g‡b wbiƒcY I g~j¨vqb cÖwµqv Dbœqb I ev¯ÍevwqZ n‡Z n‡e| Gi A_© Zv‡ì‡K wbi‡cÿ I wbf©i‡hvM¨ n‡Z n‡e Ges G cÖwµqvq cwiPvwjZ wbiƒcY I g~j¨vqb fxwZ e„w× Ki‡e bv I gvbwmK Pv‡ci KviY n‡e bv| we`¨vjq A_ev wkÿv Kg©m~wP‡Z fv‡jv b¤î A_ev DËxY© n‡Z †M‡j †Kv‡bv wkÿv_©x‡K †hb wbM„nxZ n‡Z bv nq| GB kZ©¸‡jv c~iY n‡q‡Q wKbv Zv wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ ZË¡veavqK I KwgDwbwUi cÖwZwbwa‡ì ¯’vb cwi`k©b I cwiexÿY mnvqK n‡Z cv‡i (AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 4 I 9 c„ôv 62-63 I 64-65; †`Lyb)|

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2. wbiƒc‡Yi djvdj: AvbyôvwbK wkÿv Kg©m~wP‡Z wkÿv_©xi AR©b I cixÿvi djvdj wkÿv KZ©„cÿ KZ©„K ¯^xK…wZ cvIqvi Rb¨ wbiƒcY cwiPvwjZ nq| kiYv_©x‡ì †ejvq Zv‡ì wbR GjvKv A_ev wbR †`‡ki wkÿv KZ…©c‡ÿi KvQ †_‡K ¯^xK…wZ Av`v‡qi cÖqvm Pvjv‡bv DwPZ| KvwiMwi I e„wËg~jK wkÿv Ges cÖwkÿY RvZxq cÖZ¨vqb gvb‡K mvg‡b †i‡L Kiv n‡”Q wKbv cÖwkÿY cÖ`vbKvix ms¯’v GUv wbwðZ Ki‡e| †Kvm© mgvwßKiY cÎ wW‡cøvgv I ¯œvZK cÖZ¨qbcÎ n‡Z cv‡i|

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4. cÖvmw½KZv: wkL‡bi Rb¨ eëüZ wkÿv DcKi‡Yi Dci wfwË K‡iB wbiƒcY m~wP I cÖwµqv wVK Ki‡Z n‡e| wkL‡bi D‡Ïk¨ I avçwj Aek¨B wkÿvµg †_‡K wPwýZ Ki‡Z n‡e| hLb m¤¢e, wkÿvµ‡gi gvb`‡Ði evB‡i †h me DcKi‡Yi mvnv‡h¨ wkLv‡bv n‡q‡Q Zvi Dci Av‡jvKcvZ K‡i wbiƒcY cÖwµqvq cwieZ©b Avbv †h‡Z cv‡i, GBfv‡e GwU cÖK…Z wkLb‡K cwigvc Ki‡e, Ab¨_vq A‡nZzK gvbm¤§Z wkÿvi mv‡_ GB wkÿvi eëavb‡K cÖwZdwjZ Ki‡e|

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êwPÎ¨ Ges b¨vh¨Zv‡K cÖwZdwjZ K‡i Ggb GKwU wbev©Pbx gvb`‡Ði Dci wfwË K‡i GKwU AskMÖnYg~jK I ¯^”Q cÖwµqvi gva¨‡g †hvM¨Zv m¤úbœ ch©vß msL¨K wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x wb‡qvM Kiv|

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Av‡jvPbv K‡i wb‡qv‡Mi gvb`Ð hyZmB Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| AvšÍR©vwZK kÖg I gvbevwaKvi `wjj, AvBb Ges wbqg Abyhvqx wkÿK I wkÿvKg©xi eqm Kgc‡ÿ 18 eQi n‡Z n‡e| †ÿÎ we‡k‡l Zzjbvg~jK Kg eqmx‡ì mÂvjK, mnKvix Ges wkÿK wn‡m‡e wb‡qvM †Ìqvi cÖ‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i|

3. wkÿK wbev©P‡b wb¤œwjwLZ gvb`Ð¸‡jv hy³ n‡Z cv‡i:

†ckvMZ †hvM¨Zv Ges ¸Yvejx:

wkÿvMZ †hvM¨Zv;cÖwZeÜx wkï‡ì wkÿYmn Ab¨vb¨ wkÿY AwfÁZv;wkï Ges bexb‡ì g‡bv-mvgvwRK Pvwn`vi cÖwZ ms‡e`bkxjZv;e„wËg~jK ev Ab¨vb¨ KvwiMwi `ÿZv I AwfÁZv;mswkøó fvlvq `ÿZv hvi g‡a¨ Av‡Q ¯’vbxq Bkviv ev Bw½Z wPý Ges †eªBjx m¤ú©wKZ Ávb|

e¨w³MZ †hvM¨Zv:

eqm, wj½ Ges †RÛvi mgZvi K_v g‡b ivLv;mn¨ÿgZv;RvwZMZ Ges ag©xq cwiwPwZ;KwgDwbwU êwPÎ¨Zv cÖwZdwjZ n‡e| we`¨gvb mvgvwRK Uvbv‡cvob Ges `xN©w`‡bi AmgZvi w`K¸‡jv Aek¨B we‡ePbvq ivL‡Z n‡e KviY G¸‡jv wb‡qvM cÖwµqv‡K cÖfvweZ Ki‡Z cv‡i (wkÿY I wkLb gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 8 c„ôv 79-80)|

wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x Aek¨B KwgDwbwUi mv‡_ cvi¯úwiK †hvMv‡hvM iÿv Ki‡e Ges Zv KwgDwbwU KZ…©K MÖnY‡hvM¨ n‡e| hw` m¤¢e nq Zvn‡j cÖv_wgK wbev©PbUv ÿwZMÖ¯Í KwgDwbwU †_‡K Kiv DwPZ KviY ¯’vbxq, mvgvwRK, A_©‰bwZK Ges ivR‰bwZK Bmy¨¸‡jv m¤ú‡K© Zv‡ì GKUv mg¨K aviYv _v‡K| hw` wkÿK I wkÿvKg©x KwgDwbwUi evB‡i †_‡K wbev©Pb Kiv nq †m‡ÿ‡Î Zv‡ì hvZvqvZ I _vKv LvIqv eve` GKwU Avjv`v fvZv cÖ`vb Ki‡Z n‡e| hw` wkÿv‡K›`ª kiYv_©x A_ev Af¨šÍixY ¯’vbPz¨Z RbM‡Yi Rb¨ nq, †m‡ÿ‡Î AvkÖq`vZv ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi wfZi †_‡K †hvM¨ wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x wb‡qvM Ki‡j Dfq Rb‡Mvôxi g‡a¨ mym¤úK© M‡o DV‡e (†`Lyb INEE Guidance Notes on Teacher Compensa-

tion, cvIqv hv‡e INEE Toolkit:www.ineesite.org/toolkit)|

4. †idv‡iÝ: wkÿv_x©‡ì wbivcËv wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ mKj wb‡qvMcÖvß wkÿK I wkÿvKg©x‡ì m¤ú‡K© hviv Rv‡b Ggb e¨w³‡ì KvQ †_‡K Zv‡ì m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z n‡e|

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92Aa¨vq : wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©xPviwkÿvi b~¨bZg gvb: cÖ¯‘wZ, mvov`vb, c~e©ve¯’vq cÖZ¨veZ©‡bi cÖ‡Póv


wb‡qvM cÖwµqv ïiæ Kivi Av‡M GKwU ¯^”Q, Dc‡hvMx, êlg¨nxb Kv‡Ri weeiYx Ges wb‡`©wkKv ˆZwi Kiv (wb‡`©wkKv 1 †`Lyb)|

GKwU evQvB KwgwUi cÖwZwbwa cÖv_x©‡ì ¯^”QZv I `ÿZv wbiƒc‡Yi wfwË‡Z Ges †RÛvi, êwPÎ¨ I KwgDwbwUi MÖnY‡hvM¨Zv we‡ePbv K‡i wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x evQvB K‡i (wb‡`©wkKv 2-4 †`Lyb)|

wkÿv_©xi msL¨vi mv‡_ mvgÄm¨ †i‡L K¬v‡mi AvqZb,ch©vß wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x wb‡qvM I c`vqb Kiv (wb‡`©wkKv 5 †`Lyb)|

wb‡`©wkKv1. Kv‡Ri weeiYx‡Z †RÛvi, RvwZMZ, ag©, cÖwZeÜxZv ev êwP‡Îï cÖKvi‡f‡ì Dci

wfwË K‡i †Kv‡bv êlg¨ bv Kiv| Kv‡Ri weeiYx‡Z Kgc‡ÿ G¸‡jv _vK‡e:

`vq-`vwq‡Z¡i eY©bv;Kvi Kv‡Q `vqe× _vK‡e Zvi cwi®‹vi eY©bv;AvPiYwewa|

(wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 1, c„ôv 94 †`Lzb)|

2. AwfÁZv Ges †hvM¨Zv: ¯^xK…Z cÖgvYcÎmn †hvM¨ wkÿK wb‡qvM ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| wkÿv_©x‡ì g‡bv-mvgvwRK mnvqZv I cÖwZeÜx wkÿv_©x‡ì wkÿv cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ `ÿZv cÖ‡qvRb| Riæwi Ae¯’vi Kvi‡Y hw` †hvM¨ wkÿK‡ì cÖZ¨qbcÎ ev Ab¨vb¨ KvMRcÎ bv _v‡K †m‡ÿ‡Î Zv‡ì wkÿY `ÿZv Aek¨B g~j¨vqb Ki‡Z n‡e| hw` †Kvb AwfÁ I †hvM¨ wkÿK cvIqv bv hvq Zvn‡j, hv‡ì Aí ev †Kv‡bv wkÿY AwfÁZv †bB Zv‡ì we‡ePbvq Avbv †h‡Z cv‡i| GB wkÿK‡ì wkÿvMZ †hvM¨Zv Ges wkÿY AwfÁZv wbiƒcY K‡i cÖwkÿ‡Yi eë¯’v Ki‡Z n‡e|

m¤¢e n‡j wkÿv_©x‡ì gvZ…fvlvq K_v e‡j Ggb wkÿK wb‡qvM w`‡Z n‡e| †hLv‡b cÖ‡qvRb, RvZxq Ges AvkÖq`vbKvix †`‡ki fvlvi Ici GKwU mvgwMÖK †Kvm© Kiv‡bvi eë¯’v Kiv (wkÿY I wkLb gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 7, c„ôv 79 †`Lyb)|

wKQz wKQz cwiw¯’wZ‡Z, wkÿK Ges wkÿvKg©x wb‡qv‡Mi †ÿ‡Î †RÛvi fvimvg¨ iÿvq ¯^cÖ‡Yvw`Z D‡`¨vM †bqvi cÖ‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i| †m‡ÿ‡Î evQvB KwgwUi mv‡_

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wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x gvb 1:wb‡qvM I wbev©Pb

êwPÎ¨ Ges b¨vh¨Zv‡K cÖwZdwjZ K‡i Ggb GKwU wbev©Pbx gvb`‡Ði Dci wfwË K‡i GKwU AskMÖnYg~jK I ¯^”Q cÖwµqvi gva¨‡g †hvM¨Zv m¤úbœ ch©vß msL¨K wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x wb‡qvM Kiv|

91

Av‡jvPbv K‡i wb‡qv‡Mi gvb`Ð hyZmB Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| AvšÍR©vwZK kÖg I gvbevwaKvi `wjj, AvBb Ges wbqg Abyhvqx wkÿK I wkÿvKg©xi eqm Kgc‡ÿ 18 eQi n‡Z n‡e| †ÿÎ we‡k‡l Zzjbvg~jK Kg eqmx‡ì mÂvjK, mnKvix Ges wkÿK wn‡m‡e wb‡qvM †Ìqvi cÖ‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i|

3. wkÿK wbev©P‡b wb¤œwjwLZ gvb`Ð¸‡jv hy³ n‡Z cv‡i:

†ckvMZ †hvM¨Zv Ges ¸Yvejx:

wkÿvMZ †hvM¨Zv;cÖwZeÜx wkï‡ì wkÿYmn Ab¨vb¨ wkÿY AwfÁZv;wkï Ges bexb‡ì g‡bv-mvgvwRK Pvwn`vi cÖwZ ms‡e`bkxjZv;e„wËg~jK ev Ab¨vb¨ KvwiMwi `ÿZv I AwfÁZv;mswkøó fvlvq `ÿZv hvi g‡a¨ Av‡Q ¯’vbxq Bkviv ev Bw½Z wPý Ges †eªBjx m¤ú©wKZ Ávb|

e¨w³MZ †hvM¨Zv:

eqm, wj½ Ges †RÛvi mgZvi K_v g‡b ivLv;mn¨ÿgZv;RvwZMZ Ges ag©xq cwiwPwZ;KwgDwbwU êwPÎ¨Zv cÖwZdwjZ n‡e| we`¨gvb mvgvwRK Uvbv‡cvob Ges `xN©w`‡bi AmgZvi w`K¸‡jv Aek¨B we‡ePbvq ivL‡Z n‡e KviY G¸‡jv wb‡qvM cÖwµqv‡K cÖfvweZ Ki‡Z cv‡i (wkÿY I wkLb gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 8 c„ôv 79-80)|

wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x Aek¨B KwgDwbwUi mv‡_ cvi¯úwiK †hvMv‡hvM iÿv Ki‡e Ges Zv KwgDwbwU KZ…©K MÖnY‡hvM¨ n‡e| hw` m¤¢e nq Zvn‡j cÖv_wgK wbev©PbUv ÿwZMÖ¯Í KwgDwbwU †_‡K Kiv DwPZ KviY ¯’vbxq, mvgvwRK, A_©‰bwZK Ges ivR‰bwZK Bmy¨¸‡jv m¤ú‡K© Zv‡ì GKUv mg¨K aviYv _v‡K| hw` wkÿK I wkÿvKg©x KwgDwbwUi evB‡i †_‡K wbev©Pb Kiv nq †m‡ÿ‡Î Zv‡ì hvZvqvZ I _vKv LvIqv eve` GKwU Avjv`v fvZv cÖ`vb Ki‡Z n‡e| hw` wkÿv‡K›`ª kiYv_©x A_ev Af¨šÍixY ¯’vbPz¨Z RbM‡Yi Rb¨ nq, †m‡ÿ‡Î AvkÖq`vZv ¯’vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi wfZi †_‡K †hvM¨ wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x wb‡qvM Ki‡j Dfq Rb‡Mvôxi g‡a¨ mym¤úK© M‡o DV‡e (†`Lyb INEE Guidance Notes on Teacher Compensa-

tion, cvIqv hv‡e INEE Toolkit:www.ineesite.org/toolkit)|

4. †idv‡iÝ: wkÿv_x©‡ì wbivcËv wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ mKj wb‡qvMcÖvß wkÿK I wkÿvKg©x‡ì m¤ú‡K© hviv Rv‡b Ggb e¨w³‡ì KvQ †_‡K Zv‡ì m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z n‡e|

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5. †kÖwYK‡ÿi AvKvi: †kÖwYK‡ÿi AvKvi cwiw¯’wZ Abyhvqx ¯’vbxq ev¯ÍeZvi wbwi‡L Ggbfv‡e wba©viY Ki‡Z n‡e †hb cÖwZeÜxmn mKj wkï I bexb‡ì RvqMv nq| ch©vß wkÿK wb‡qvM Ki‡Z n‡e hv‡Z wkÿK-wkÿv_©xi AbycvZ wVK _v‡K| cvV`vb I wkÿK wkÿv_©x‡ì mgvbycv‡Zi Rb¨ mswkøó cÿ (†÷K‡nvìviiv) RvZxq Ges ¯’vbxq gvb we‡ePbv Ki‡e| †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv †ÿ‡Î gvbevwaKvi Ges Dbœqbg~jK cÖwZôvb¸‡jvi wkÿK-wkÿv_x©‡ì AbycvZ wba©vi‡Y wbR¯^ gvb _vK‡Z cv‡i| †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv †ÿ‡Î 1t40 Abycv‡Zi mycvwik Kiv nq| hv‡nvK, ¯’vbxqfv‡e hv mwVK Ges ev¯Íem¤§Z Zv ch©v‡jvPbv I wbY©‡q †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì gZvgZ wb‡Z n‡e| (f~wgKv †`Lyb c„ôv 14-15 b~b¨Zg gvb Gi mswkøó D`vni‡Yi Rb¨ Ges wkÿY I wkLb gvb c„ôv 72-87 †`Lyb)|

93


fvZv I Kv‡Ri kZ©vejxi wel‡q mKj mswkøó c‡ÿi (†÷K‡nvìvi‡ì) g‡a¨ GKUv mg‡SvZv I mgš^q Kiv (wb‡`©wkKv 1-2 †`Lyb)|

Pzw³ bvgvq fvZv I Kv‡Ri kZ©vejx wjwce× Kiv Ges wbqwgZ fvZv cwi‡kv‡ai eë¯’v (wb‡`©wkKv 2 †`Lyb)|

wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x‡ì Kv‡Ri kZv©ejx wb‡q K_v ejvi my‡hvM ˆZwi|

¯^”Q I ev¯Íevqb wb‡`©wkKvmn GKwU AvPiYwewagvjv _vKv Ges mevB †mUv gvb¨ Kivi cwi‡ek ˆZwi (wb‡`©wkKv 3 †`Lyb)|

wb‡`©wkKv1. Kv‡Ri kZv©ejx: Pzw³bvgvq PvKywii weeiY, Kv‡Ri kZ©vejxi wek` weeiY Ges

AvPiYwewa BZ¨vw` AšÍfz©³ _vK‡e| KwgDwbwU Ges wkLb cwi‡e‡k GwU wkÿK‡ì †ckv`vi n‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i| Gi †_‡K †evSv hv‡e KwgDwbwU Ges mswkøó wkÿv KZ…©cÿ I Ab¨vb¨ †÷K‡nvìviiv wbw`©ó fvZvi wewbg‡q wkÿK‡ì wbKU †_‡K wK wK †mev Avkv K‡i‡Qb| †mB mv‡_ wkÿK‡ì AvPvi-AvPi‡Yi GKUv cÖZ¨vwkZ KvVv‡gv GLv‡b cvIqv hv‡e|

Pzw³bvgvq wb‡gœv³ welq¸‡jv Aek¨B mywbw`©ófv‡e _vK‡e:

KvR Ges `vwqZ¡;fvZv;Dcw¯’wZi wbqgvejx;Kv‡Ri mgqm~wP;Pzw³i †gqv`;AvPiYwewa;mnvqZv, ZË¡veavb Ges gZ‰ØZ¨Zv wbim‡bi eë¯’v (wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 1, c„ôv 91 †`Lyb)

2. fvZv: wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x‡ì †gŠwjK Pvwn`v †gUv‡bvi Rb¨ ch©vß fvZv myweav _vK‡j Zuviv AwZwi³ Av‡qi †Kv‡bv wØZxq Dr‡mi mÜvb bv K‡i †ckvMZ `vwq‡Z¡i cÖwZ g‡bvwb‡ek K‡i| †hLv‡b cÖ‡qvRb, wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©xi Rb¨

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wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x gvb 2: Kv‡Ri kZ©vejx

wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©xiv Kv‡Ri kZ©vejx cwi®‹vifv‡e eyS‡e Ges Zv‡ì h‡_vchy³ fvZvwì eë¯’v _vK‡e|


5. †kÖwYK‡ÿi AvKvi: †kÖwYK‡ÿi AvKvi cwiw¯’wZ Abyhvqx ¯’vbxq ev¯ÍeZvi wbwi‡L Ggbfv‡e wba©viY Ki‡Z n‡e †hb cÖwZeÜxmn mKj wkï I bexb‡ì RvqMv nq| ch©vß wkÿK wb‡qvM Ki‡Z n‡e hv‡Z wkÿK-wkÿv_©xi AbycvZ wVK _v‡K| cvV`vb I wkÿK wkÿv_©x‡ì mgvbycv‡Zi Rb¨ mswkøó cÿ (†÷K‡nvìviiv) RvZxq Ges ¯’vbxq gvb we‡ePbv Ki‡e| †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv †ÿ‡Î gvbevwaKvi Ges Dbœqbg~jK cÖwZôvb¸‡jvi wkÿK-wkÿv_x©‡ì AbycvZ wba©vi‡Y wbR¯^ gvb _vK‡Z cv‡i| †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv †ÿ‡Î 1t40 Abycv‡Zi mycvwik Kiv nq| hv‡nvK, ¯’vbxqfv‡e hv mwVK Ges ev¯Íem¤§Z Zv ch©v‡jvPbv I wbY©‡q †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì gZvgZ wb‡Z n‡e| (f~wgKv †`Lyb c„ôv 14-15 b~b¨Zg gvb Gi mswkøó D`vni‡Yi Rb¨ Ges wkÿY I wkLb gvb c„ôv 72-87 †`Lyb)|

93


fvZv I Kv‡Ri kZ©vejxi wel‡q mKj mswkøó c‡ÿi (†÷K‡nvìvi‡ì) g‡a¨ GKUv mg‡SvZv I mgš^q Kiv (wb‡`©wkKv 1-2 †`Lyb)|

Pzw³ bvgvq fvZv I Kv‡Ri kZ©vejx wjwce× Kiv Ges wbqwgZ fvZv cwi‡kv‡ai eë¯’v (wb‡`©wkKv 2 †`Lyb)|

wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x‡ì Kv‡Ri kZv©ejx wb‡q K_v ejvi my‡hvM ˆZwi|

¯^”Q I ev¯Íevqb wb‡`©wkKvmn GKwU AvPiYwewagvjv _vKv Ges mevB †mUv gvb¨ Kivi cwi‡ek ˆZwi (wb‡`©wkKv 3 †`Lyb)|

wb‡`©wkKv1. Kv‡Ri kZv©ejx: Pzw³bvgvq PvKywii weeiY, Kv‡Ri kZ©vejxi wek` weeiY Ges

AvPiYwewa BZ¨vw` AšÍfz©³ _vK‡e| KwgDwbwU Ges wkLb cwi‡e‡k GwU wkÿK‡ì †ckv`vi n‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i| Gi †_‡K †evSv hv‡e KwgDwbwU Ges mswkøó wkÿv KZ…©cÿ I Ab¨vb¨ †÷K‡nvìviiv wbw`©ó fvZvi wewbg‡q wkÿK‡ì wbKU †_‡K wK wK †mev Avkv K‡i‡Qb| †mB mv‡_ wkÿK‡ì AvPvi-AvPi‡Yi GKUv cÖZ¨vwkZ KvVv‡gv GLv‡b cvIqv hv‡e|

Pzw³bvgvq wb‡gœv³ welq¸‡jv Aek¨B mywbw`©ófv‡e _vK‡e:

KvR Ges `vwqZ¡;fvZv;Dcw¯’wZi wbqgvejx;Kv‡Ri mgqm~wP;Pzw³i †gqv`;AvPiYwewa;mnvqZv, ZË¡veavb Ges gZ‰ØZ¨Zv wbim‡bi eë¯’v (wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 1, c„ôv 91 †`Lyb)

2. fvZv: wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x‡ì †gŠwjK Pvwn`v †gUv‡bvi Rb¨ ch©vß fvZv myweav _vK‡j Zuviv AwZwi³ Av‡qi †Kv‡bv wØZxq Dr‡mi mÜvb bv K‡i †ckvMZ `vwq‡Z¡i cÖwZ g‡bvwb‡ek K‡i| †hLv‡b cÖ‡qvRb, wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©xi Rb¨

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wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x gvb 2: Kv‡Ri kZ©vejx

wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©xiv Kv‡Ri kZ©vejx cwi®‹vifv‡e eyS‡e Ges Zv‡ì h‡_vchy³ fvZvwì eë¯’v _vK‡e|


h_v_© m¤§vbx cÖ`vb eë¯’v cybtcÖwZôv A_ev hZ`ªæZ m¤¢e ˆZwi Ki‡Z n‡e| Riæwi Ae¯’vq m¤§vbx cÖ`vb eë¯’v †hfv‡eB †nvK bv †Kb GUv g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e †h, fvZv wbwðZ Kivi cÖavb `vwqZ¡ wkÿv KZ…©c‡ÿi Ges hZ`ªæZ m¤¢e †mUv Pvjy Kiv ìKvi| wkÿv K…Z©cÿ, wkÿK mwgwZ, KwgDwbwU m`m¨, wewfbœ KwgwU Ges G‡mvwm‡qkb, AvšÍR©vwZK ms¯’v Ges GbwRImn mswkøó †÷K‡nvìvie„›`‡ì mgš^‡q GKwU †UKmB fvZvbxwZ ˆZwi K‡i Dbœq‡bi avivq wdi‡Z mn‡hvwMZv Ki‡Z n‡e|

fvZv Avw_©K ev e¯‘MZ n‡Z cv‡i| GB eë¯’vwU Aek¨B b¨vqm½Z Ges †UKmB n‡Z n‡e| GKevi GKUv eë¯’v Pvjy n‡q †M‡j †mUv GKUv `„óvšÍ n‡q hvq Ges wkÿK I wkÿvKg©x‡ì cÖZ¨vkv _v‡K †h, G †_‡K wbgœgv‡bi †Kv‡bv eë¯’vq wd‡i †h‡Z n‡e bv| ¯’vbPz¨wZi mgq, †hvM¨ wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x †hLv‡b †eZb †ewk †mLv‡b P‡j †h‡Z cv‡i, GgbwK eW©vi cvi n‡q Ab¨ †`‡kI P‡j †h‡Z cv‡i| Kv‡RB evRv‡ii mv‡_ m½wZ †i‡L wm×všÍ wb‡Z n‡e Ges wb‡¤œi welq¸‡jv we‡ePbvq ivL‡Z n‡e:

_vKv-LvIqvi LiP;wkÿK Ges Ab¨vb¨ †ckv`vi‡ì cÖvc¨Zv I Pvwn`v;mg‡hvM¨Zv m¤úbœ Ab¨ †ckvi gRywii mgcwigvY - †hgb ¯^v¯’¨‡mev;†hvM¨ wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©xi cÖvc¨Zv; (SEEP Network Minimum

Standards for Economic Recovery after Crisis, Employment Cre-ation Standard).

fvZv wbf©i K‡i Kv‡Ri kZ© Ges AvPiYwewa Abykxj‡bi Dci| e¨w³MZ wkÿv cÖ`v‡bi gva¨‡g QvÎ‡ì wbKU †_‡K UvKv MÖn‡Yi gZ cwiw¯’wZi m„wó n‡Z †`qv hv‡e bv A_©vr ÔÔe¨w³ ¯^v‡_©i Ø›ØÕÕ Gwo‡q Pj‡Z n‡e (mg¤^q gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 2, c„ôv 34 Ges †`Lyb INEE Guidance Notes on Teacher Compensation cvIqv hv‡e INEE Toolkits: www.ineesite.org/toolkits)

3. AvPiYwewa: AvPiYwewa wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x‡ì AvPi‡Yi gvb¸‡jv cwi®‹vifv‡e wb‡`©k K‡i| wkLb cwi‡ek, wkÿv Kvh©µ‡gi mgq I Kg©m~wPmn me©Î GB gvb¸‡jv cÖ‡qvM Kiv nq| GB AvPiYwewa bv gvb‡j wK eë¯’v †bqv n‡e ZvI GLv‡b ejv Av‡Q| wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x AvPiYwewai AvIZvq GB g‡g© cÖwZÁve× _v‡K †h:

m¤§vb, myiÿvi mv‡_ mv‡_ Zv‡ì mvg_©¨ Abyhvqx wkÿv_©x‡ì wkÿvi AwaKvi c~iY Ki‡e;D”P gvbm¤úbœ I ˆbwZK AvPiY eRvq ivL‡e;GKwU êlg¨nxb wkÿv cwi‡ek wbwðZ Ki‡Z wkÿvi †ÿ‡Î mKj evav `~i Kiv

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†hLv‡b mKj wkÿv_x©‡K mgvbfv‡e MÖnY Kiv nq;mKj ai‡bi †hŠb Ges Ab¨vb¨ wbcxob, †kvlY, kÖg ev †hŠb ¯^v‡_© eënvi, fxwZ cÖ`k©b, AZ¨vPvi, wbh©vZb Ges Ab¨vb¨ mwnsmZv I êlg¨g~jK AvPiY gy³ myiwÿZ, ¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z Ges mK‡ji Rb¨ mgvb cwi‡ek eRvq ivLv;gvbevwaKvi Ges êlg¨nxbZvi bxwZi we‡ivax †h †Kv‡bv Ávb A_ev Kvh©µg‡K †kLv‡bv ev Drmvn bv †Ìqv;wbqwgZ Dcw¯’wZ Ges mgqvbyewZ©Zv eRvq ivLv|

(INEE Toolkit G Code of Conduct †`Lyb: www.ineesite.org/toolkit; AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 4 I 9, c„ôv 62-63 I 64-65 †`Lyb; wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x gvb 3, wb‡`©wkKv 4, c„ôv 98 †`Lyb)|

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h_v_© m¤§vbx cÖ`vb eë¯’v cybtcÖwZôv A_ev hZ`ªæZ m¤¢e ˆZwi Ki‡Z n‡e| Riæwi Ae¯’vq m¤§vbx cÖ`vb eë¯’v †hfv‡eB †nvK bv †Kb GUv g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e †h, fvZv wbwðZ Kivi cÖavb `vwqZ¡ wkÿv KZ…©c‡ÿi Ges hZ`ªæZ m¤¢e †mUv Pvjy Kiv ìKvi| wkÿv K…Z©cÿ, wkÿK mwgwZ, KwgDwbwU m`m¨, wewfbœ KwgwU Ges G‡mvwm‡qkb, AvšÍR©vwZK ms¯’v Ges GbwRImn mswkøó †÷K‡nvìvie„›`‡ì mgš^‡q GKwU †UKmB fvZvbxwZ ˆZwi K‡i Dbœq‡bi avivq wdi‡Z mn‡hvwMZv Ki‡Z n‡e|

fvZv Avw_©K ev e¯‘MZ n‡Z cv‡i| GB eë¯’vwU Aek¨B b¨vqm½Z Ges †UKmB n‡Z n‡e| GKevi GKUv eë¯’v Pvjy n‡q †M‡j †mUv GKUv `„óvšÍ n‡q hvq Ges wkÿK I wkÿvKg©x‡ì cÖZ¨vkv _v‡K †h, G †_‡K wbgœgv‡bi †Kv‡bv eë¯’vq wd‡i †h‡Z n‡e bv| ¯’vbPz¨wZi mgq, †hvM¨ wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x †hLv‡b †eZb †ewk †mLv‡b P‡j †h‡Z cv‡i, GgbwK eW©vi cvi n‡q Ab¨ †`‡kI P‡j †h‡Z cv‡i| Kv‡RB evRv‡ii mv‡_ m½wZ †i‡L wm×všÍ wb‡Z n‡e Ges wb‡¤œi welq¸‡jv we‡ePbvq ivL‡Z n‡e:

_vKv-LvIqvi LiP;wkÿK Ges Ab¨vb¨ †ckv`vi‡ì cÖvc¨Zv I Pvwn`v;mg‡hvM¨Zv m¤úbœ Ab¨ †ckvi gRywii mgcwigvY - †hgb ¯^v¯’¨‡mev;†hvM¨ wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©xi cÖvc¨Zv; (SEEP Network Minimum

Standards for Economic Recovery after Crisis, Employment Cre-ation Standard).

fvZv wbf©i K‡i Kv‡Ri kZ© Ges AvPiYwewa Abykxj‡bi Dci| e¨w³MZ wkÿv cÖ`v‡bi gva¨‡g QvÎ‡ì wbKU †_‡K UvKv MÖn‡Yi gZ cwiw¯’wZi m„wó n‡Z †`qv hv‡e bv A_©vr ÔÔe¨w³ ¯^v‡_©i Ø›ØÕÕ Gwo‡q Pj‡Z n‡e (mg¤^q gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 2, c„ôv 34 Ges †`Lyb INEE Guidance Notes on Teacher Compensation cvIqv hv‡e INEE Toolkits: www.ineesite.org/toolkits)

3. AvPiYwewa: AvPiYwewa wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x‡ì AvPi‡Yi gvb¸‡jv cwi®‹vifv‡e wb‡`©k K‡i| wkLb cwi‡ek, wkÿv Kvh©µ‡gi mgq I Kg©m~wPmn me©Î GB gvb¸‡jv cÖ‡qvM Kiv nq| GB AvPiYwewa bv gvb‡j wK eë¯’v †bqv n‡e ZvI GLv‡b ejv Av‡Q| wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x AvPiYwewai AvIZvq GB g‡g© cÖwZÁve× _v‡K †h:

m¤§vb, myiÿvi mv‡_ mv‡_ Zv‡ì mvg_©¨ Abyhvqx wkÿv_©x‡ì wkÿvi AwaKvi c~iY Ki‡e;D”P gvbm¤úbœ I ˆbwZK AvPiY eRvq ivL‡e;GKwU êlg¨nxb wkÿv cwi‡ek wbwðZ Ki‡Z wkÿvi †ÿ‡Î mKj evav `~i Kiv

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†hLv‡b mKj wkÿv_x©‡K mgvbfv‡e MÖnY Kiv nq;mKj ai‡bi †hŠb Ges Ab¨vb¨ wbcxob, †kvlY, kÖg ev †hŠb ¯^v‡_© eënvi, fxwZ cÖ`k©b, AZ¨vPvi, wbh©vZb Ges Ab¨vb¨ mwnsmZv I êlg¨g~jK AvPiY gy³ myiwÿZ, ¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z Ges mK‡ji Rb¨ mgvb cwi‡ek eRvq ivLv;gvbevwaKvi Ges êlg¨nxbZvi bxwZi we‡ivax †h †Kv‡bv Ávb A_ev Kvh©µg‡K †kLv‡bv ev Drmvn bv †Ìqv;wbqwgZ Dcw¯’wZ Ges mgqvbyewZ©Zv eRvq ivLv|

(INEE Toolkit G Code of Conduct †`Lyb: www.ineesite.org/toolkit; AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 4 I 9, c„ôv 62-63 I 64-65 †`Lyb; wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x gvb 3, wb‡`©wkKv 4, c„ôv 98 †`Lyb)|

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chv©ß wkÿY I wkLb DcKiY Ges RvqMvi eë¯’v (wb‡`©wkKv 1 †`Lyb)|

Kv‡Ri cÖwZ AviI AvMÖn m„wó I Ae`vb ivLvi Rb¨ wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿv Kg©xiv wb‡R‡ì †ckvMZ Dbœq‡b hy³ n‡e (wb‡`©wkKv 2-3 †`Lyb)|

wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x‡ì wbqwgZ wbiƒcY, cwiexÿY Ges mnvqZvi Rb¨ GKwU ¯^”Q, Revew`wng~jK ZË¡veavb †KŠkj wba©viY (wb‡`©wkKv 2-3 †`Lyb)|

wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©xi wbqwgZ Kv‡Ri g~j¨vqb Ges djvdj bw_fz³ Kiv I Zv wb‡q wbqwgZ Av‡jvPbvi eë¯’v (wb‡`©wkKv 4 †`Lyb)|

wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x‡ì Kv‡Ri Dci wkÿv_©x‡ì wbqwgZ gZvgZ †Ìqvi my‡hvM _vKv (wb‡`©wkKv 5 †`Lyb)|

wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x‡ì Rb¨ cÖ‡qvR‡b h_vh_ g‡bv-mvgvwRK mnvqZv cvIqvi my‡hvM _vKv (wb‡`©wkKv 6 †`Lyb)|

wb‡`©wkKv1. wkÿY Ges wkLb DcKiY Ges RvqMv: wkÿY I wkLb DcKiY Ges ¯‹z‡ji Rb¨

h‡_ó cwigv‡Y RvqMv _vK‡e hv‡Z wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKgx©iv Kvh©Kifv‡e KvR I wkÿv cÖ`vb Ki‡Z cv‡i (AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 3, c„ôv 66-70; wkÿY I wkLb gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 9, c„ôv 80; Ges wkÿY I wkLb gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 5, c„ôv 83 †`Lyb)|

2. mnvqZv Ges ZËv¡ eavb †KŠkj: KvhK© i eë¯v’ cbv, ZËv¡ eavb Ges Revew`wnZv wkÿK‡ì †ckvMZ DrKlZ© v ew„ × I Zv‡ì AviI AvMnÖ x K‡i †Zvjvi Rb¨ we‡klfv‡e Riæwi| h_vm¤e¢ mswkóø wkÿv KZc„© ‡ÿi †bZ‡… Z¡ wkÿv BDwbqb, KwgDwbwU m`m¨, wewfbœ KwgwU Ges G‡mvwm‡qkb, RvwZms‡Ni ms v’ I GbwRI‡ì AskMnÖ ‡Yi gva¨‡g eë v’ mgn~ Pvjy Ki‡Z n‡e| mK‡ji civgk© Ges mZx_‡© ì mnvqZv wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKgx© ‡ì jÿ¨ wbav© iY Ges Kg© ÿZvi Dbqœ ‡b KvhK© i c`‡ÿc wb‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i (KwgDwbwUi AskMnÖ Y gvb 1, wb‡`w© kKv 1-5,cô„ v 24-28; wkÿY I wkLb gvb 2, wb‡ w© kKv 3, cô„ v 82-83 Ges UNESCO/ILO Recommendation concerning the status of Teachers (1966) †`Lby )|

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wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x gvb 3:mnvqZv Ges ZË¡veavb

Riæwi wkÿvi mv‡_ Kvh©Kixfv‡e hy³ wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKgx©i Rb¨ mnvqZv Ges ZË¡veav‡bi eë¯’v|

3. `ÿZv e„w×, cÖwkÿY Ges †ckvMZ Dbœqb: `ÿZv e„w×i Rb¨ Zv‡ì Pvwn`v, cÖ‡qvRb, AMÖvwaKvi, AvMÖn I Av‡eM cÖf…wZ welq wb‡q wkÿK I wkÿvKg©x‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv Kiv Riæwi| GwU †ckvMZ Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ cÖviw¤¢K Ges †mev cÖ`v‡bi mgqKvi Pvwn`v I my‡hvM¸‡jv‡K wPwýZ Ki‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i| `ÿZv ˆZwi, cÖwkÿY Ges †ckvMZ Dbœqb cÖwµqv n‡e êlg¨nxb (wkÿY I wkLb gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 3, c„ôv 82-83 †`Lyb)|

4. Kg©`ÿZv hvPvB: fv‡jv Kg©`ÿZvi Rb¨ myô Kg©`ÿZv hvPvB cÖwµqv cÖ‡qvRb| wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x‡ì `ÿZv Ges Kvh©KvwiZv wbiƒc‡Yi Rb¨ cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki mv‡_ Av‡jvPbvi gva¨‡g welq wPwýZKiY Ges wbgœwjwLZ Kvh©µ‡gi mv‡_ GKgZ nIqv cÖ‡qvRb|

Kg©`ÿZv hvPvB cÖwµqvq _vK‡e:

†kªwYKÿ ch©‡eÿY Ges g~j¨vq‡bi Rb¨ wewfbœ gvcKvwV ˆZwi;gZvgZ cÖ`vb;weKvk I AMÖMwZ wbiƒc‡Yi Rb¨ DbœwZi jÿ¨gvÎv wbav©iY|

(wb‡Pi wb‡`©wkKv 5 Ges wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 3, c„ôv 95-96 †`Lyb)|

5. wkÿv_©x‡ì AskMÖnY: wkÿv_©x‡ì wbiƒcY Ges g~j¨vqb cÖwµqvq AšÍf©y³ Kiv Riæwi| GwU wkLb cwi‡ek Ges Gi gvb wbwðZKi‡Yi mKj w`K eyS‡Z mnvqZv K‡i| Kg©`ÿZv g~j¨vq‡bi Ask wn‡m‡e wkÿv_©xiv wbi‡cÿ `‡ji wbKU avivevwnKfv‡e Zv‡ì gZvgZ cÖ`vb Ki‡Z cv‡i| wkÿY `ÿZv, AvPiY, wkÿ‡Yi mv‡_ mswkøó cwi‡ek Ges myiÿv welq¸‡jv Gi AšÍf©z³ n‡Z cv‡i|

6. g‡bv-mvgvwRK mn‡hvwMZv Ges Kj¨vY: msKU gûy ‡Z© cwÖ kwÿZ I AwfÁ wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKgx© ivI wKsKZe© ¨wegp~ n‡q †h‡Z cv‡i| Zviv bZbz P¨v‡jÄ, `vwqZ¡ I KZ‡© eï g‡y L nZvk n‡q co‡Z cv‡i| Zv‡ì wU‡K _vKvi mÿgZv I wkÿv_x© ‡ì wkÿv cÖ v‡bi ÿgZv wbfi© K‡i Zv‡ì wb‡R‡ì fv‡jv _vKv I cvÖ ß mnvqZvi KvhK© vwiZvi Dci (AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 2, wb‡ w© kKv 8-9, cô„ v 64-65; AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 3, wb‡ w© kKv 8, cô„ v 69-70; wkÿY I wkLb gvb 1, wb‡ w© kKv 6, cô„ v 78 †`Lby )|

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GB gvb¸‡jv ev¯Íevq‡b GB Uzj¸‡jv mvnvh¨ Ki‡e, INEE Toolkit:


INEE Toolkit:

INEE b~¨bZg gvb

ev¯Íevqb Uzj&m


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97 98Aa¨vq : wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©xPviwkÿvi b~¨bZg gvb: cÖ¯‘wZ, mvov`vb, c~e©ve¯’vq cÖZ¨veZ©‡bi cÖ‡Póv


chv©ß wkÿY I wkLb DcKiY Ges RvqMvi eë¯’v (wb‡`©wkKv 1 †`Lyb)|

Kv‡Ri cÖwZ AviI AvMÖn m„wó I Ae`vb ivLvi Rb¨ wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿv Kg©xiv wb‡R‡ì †ckvMZ Dbœq‡b hy³ n‡e (wb‡`©wkKv 2-3 †`Lyb)|

wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x‡ì wbqwgZ wbiƒcY, cwiexÿY Ges mnvqZvi Rb¨ GKwU ¯^”Q, Revew`wng~jK ZË¡veavb †KŠkj wba©viY (wb‡`©wkKv 2-3 †`Lyb)|

wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©xi wbqwgZ Kv‡Ri g~j¨vqb Ges djvdj bw_fz³ Kiv I Zv wb‡q wbqwgZ Av‡jvPbvi eë¯’v (wb‡`©wkKv 4 †`Lyb)|

wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x‡ì Kv‡Ri Dci wkÿv_©x‡ì wbqwgZ gZvgZ †Ìqvi my‡hvM _vKv (wb‡`©wkKv 5 †`Lyb)|

wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x‡ì Rb¨ cÖ‡qvR‡b h_vh_ g‡bv-mvgvwRK mnvqZv cvIqvi my‡hvM _vKv (wb‡`©wkKv 6 †`Lyb)|

wb‡`©wkKv1. wkÿY Ges wkLb DcKiY Ges RvqMv: wkÿY I wkLb DcKiY Ges ¯‹z‡ji Rb¨

h‡_ó cwigv‡Y RvqMv _vK‡e hv‡Z wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKgx©iv Kvh©Kifv‡e KvR I wkÿv cÖ`vb Ki‡Z cv‡i (AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 3, c„ôv 66-70; wkÿY I wkLb gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 9, c„ôv 80; Ges wkÿY I wkLb gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 5, c„ôv 83 †`Lyb)|

2. mnvqZv Ges ZËv¡ eavb †KŠkj: KvhK© i eë¯v’ cbv, ZËv¡ eavb Ges Revew`wnZv wkÿK‡ì †ckvMZ DrKlZ© v ew„ × I Zv‡ì AviI AvMnÖ x K‡i †Zvjvi Rb¨ we‡klfv‡e Riæwi| h_vm¤e¢ mswkóø wkÿv KZc„© ‡ÿi †bZ‡… Z¡ wkÿv BDwbqb, KwgDwbwU m`m¨, wewfbœ KwgwU Ges G‡mvwm‡qkb, RvwZms‡Ni ms v’ I GbwRI‡ì AskMnÖ ‡Yi gva¨‡g eë v’ mgn~ Pvjy Ki‡Z n‡e| mK‡ji civgk© Ges mZx_‡© ì mnvqZv wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKgx© ‡ì jÿ¨ wbav© iY Ges Kg© ÿZvi Dbqœ ‡b KvhK© i c`‡ÿc wb‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i (KwgDwbwUi AskMnÖ Y gvb 1, wb‡`w© kKv 1-5,cô„ v 24-28; wkÿY I wkLb gvb 2, wb‡ w© kKv 3, cô„ v 82-83 Ges UNESCO/ILO Recommendation concerning the status of Teachers (1966) †`Lby )|

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wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x gvb 3:mnvqZv Ges ZË¡veavb

Riæwi wkÿvi mv‡_ Kvh©Kixfv‡e hy³ wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKgx©i Rb¨ mnvqZv Ges ZË¡veav‡bi eë¯’v|

3. `ÿZv e„w×, cÖwkÿY Ges †ckvMZ Dbœqb: `ÿZv e„w×i Rb¨ Zv‡ì Pvwn`v, cÖ‡qvRb, AMÖvwaKvi, AvMÖn I Av‡eM cÖf…wZ welq wb‡q wkÿK I wkÿvKg©x‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv Kiv Riæwi| GwU †ckvMZ Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ cÖviw¤¢K Ges †mev cÖ`v‡bi mgqKvi Pvwn`v I my‡hvM¸‡jv‡K wPwýZ Ki‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i| `ÿZv ˆZwi, cÖwkÿY Ges †ckvMZ Dbœqb cÖwµqv n‡e êlg¨nxb (wkÿY I wkLb gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 3, c„ôv 82-83 †`Lyb)|

4. Kg©`ÿZv hvPvB: fv‡jv Kg©`ÿZvi Rb¨ myô Kg©`ÿZv hvPvB cÖwµqv cÖ‡qvRb| wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x‡ì `ÿZv Ges Kvh©KvwiZv wbiƒc‡Yi Rb¨ cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki mv‡_ Av‡jvPbvi gva¨‡g welq wPwýZKiY Ges wbgœwjwLZ Kvh©µ‡gi mv‡_ GKgZ nIqv cÖ‡qvRb|

Kg©`ÿZv hvPvB cÖwµqvq _vK‡e:

†kªwYKÿ ch©‡eÿY Ges g~j¨vq‡bi Rb¨ wewfbœ gvcKvwV ˆZwi;gZvgZ cÖ`vb;weKvk I AMÖMwZ wbiƒc‡Yi Rb¨ DbœwZi jÿ¨gvÎv wbav©iY|

(wb‡Pi wb‡`©wkKv 5 Ges wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 3, c„ôv 95-96 †`Lyb)|

5. wkÿv_©x‡ì AskMÖnY: wkÿv_©x‡ì wbiƒcY Ges g~j¨vqb cÖwµqvq AšÍf©y³ Kiv Riæwi| GwU wkLb cwi‡ek Ges Gi gvb wbwðZKi‡Yi mKj w`K eyS‡Z mnvqZv K‡i| Kg©`ÿZv g~j¨vq‡bi Ask wn‡m‡e wkÿv_©xiv wbi‡cÿ `‡ji wbKU avivevwnKfv‡e Zv‡ì gZvgZ cÖ`vb Ki‡Z cv‡i| wkÿY `ÿZv, AvPiY, wkÿ‡Yi mv‡_ mswkøó cwi‡ek Ges myiÿv welq¸‡jv Gi AšÍf©z³ n‡Z cv‡i|

6. g‡bv-mvgvwRK mn‡hvwMZv Ges Kj¨vY: msKU gûy ‡Z© cwÖ kwÿZ I AwfÁ wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKgx© ivI wKsKZe© ¨wegp~ n‡q †h‡Z cv‡i| Zviv bZbz P¨v‡jÄ, `vwqZ¡ I KZ‡© eï g‡y L nZvk n‡q co‡Z cv‡i| Zv‡ì wU‡K _vKvi mÿgZv I wkÿv_x© ‡ì wkÿv cÖ v‡bi ÿgZv wbfi© K‡i Zv‡ì wb‡R‡ì fv‡jv _vKv I cvÖ ß mnvqZvi KvhK© vwiZvi Dci (AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 2, wb‡ w© kKv 8-9, cô„ v 64-65; AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 3, wb‡ w© kKv 8, cô„ v 69-70; wkÿY I wkLb gvb 1, wb‡ w© kKv 6, cô„ v 78 †`Lby )|

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GB gvb¸‡jv ev¯Íevq‡b GB Uzj¸‡jv mvnvh¨ Ki‡e, INEE Toolkit:


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AvšÍR©vwZK wewa weavb I †NvlYvmg~n mK‡ji wkÿv jv‡fi AwaKvi Aby‡gv`b K‡i| RvZxq KZ©„cÿ Ges AvšÍR©vwZK KwgDwbwUi `vwqZ¡ GB AwaKvi‡K m¤§vb, iÿv Ges c~iY Kiv| gZ cÖKv‡ki ¯^vaxbZv, êlg¨nxbZv Ges mvgvwRK I wkÿvbxwZi wel‡q wm×všÍ MÖn‡Y AskMÖn‡Yi AwaKvi wkÿv AwaKv‡ii Awe‡”Q`¨ Ask|

Riæwi Ae¯’v †_‡K c~‡e©i Ae¯’vq wd‡i bv Avmv ch©šÍ GB AwaKvi¸‡jv myiwÿZ _vKv cÖ‡qvRb| GB cÖwµqv‡K mn‡hvwMZv Ki‡Z wkÿv KZ©„cÿ Ges mswkøó †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì Aek¨B Riæwi wkÿv cwiKíbv ˆZwi Ges ev¯Íevqb Ki‡Z n‡e| GB cwiKíbv Aek¨B:

RvZxq I AvšÍR©vwZKfv‡e ¯^xK…Z wkÿvi gvb wkÿv I bxwZ¸‡jv‡K we‡ePbvq †b‡e;

wkÿv AwaKv‡ii cÖwZ Aw½Kvie× _vK‡e;

m¼‡U _vKv gvby‡li wkÿvi Pvwn`v Ges AwaKv‡ii cÖwZ mvov cÖ`v‡b m‡PZb _vK‡e;

mK‡ji Rb¨ gvbm¤§Z wkÿvi mnRjf¨Zv wbwðZ Kivi j‡ÿ¨ wewfbœ c`‡ÿc AšÍf©y³ Ki‡e;

Riæwi Ae¯’vi Rb¨ cÖ¯‘wZ, mvov`vb Ges `xN©‡gqvw` Dbœq‡bi g‡a¨ cwi®‹vi †hvMm~Î ivL‡e|

Riæwi Ae¯’vi Rb¨ cÖ¯‘wZ Ges mvov cÖ`v‡bi mdjZvi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq c`‡ÿc, Kg©m~wP I bxwZgvjvi cwiKíbv I ev¯Íevq‡b KwgDwbwUi m¤ú„³Zv ¸iæZ¡c~Y©|

†RÛvi mgZv Ges êwP‡Îï cÖwZ m¤§vb cÖ`k©‡bi jÿ¨‡K GwM‡q wb‡q hvIqvi Rb¨, Riæwi Ae¯’vKvjxb wkÿvi Rb¨ cÖYxZ bxwZ I Kg©m~wP‡Z wkï AwaKvi mb‡ì welq¸‡jv AšÍfz©³ Ki‡Z n‡e Ges Zv‡Z mevi Rb¨ wkÿv Ges mn¯ªv‡ãi jÿ¨gvÎvi KvVv‡gvi cÖwZdjb _vK‡Z n‡e| †Kbbv †h mKj wkÿvbxwZ I AvBbKvbyb wj½, ag©, RvwZmË¡v, fvlv I cÖwZeÜxZvmn mKj cÖKvi wkÿv êl‡gï we‡ivwaZv K‡i, GB AvšÍR©vwZK `wjj¸‡jv †m¸‡jvi mg_©b K‡i|

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102Aa¨vq cuvP: wkÿvbxwZ

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Ask

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webv

g~‡

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AvšÍR©vwZK wewa weavb I †NvlYvmg~n mK‡ji wkÿv jv‡fi AwaKvi Aby‡gv`b K‡i| RvZxq KZ©„cÿ Ges AvšÍR©vwZK KwgDwbwUi `vwqZ¡ GB AwaKvi‡K m¤§vb, iÿv Ges c~iY Kiv| gZ cÖKv‡ki ¯^vaxbZv, êlg¨nxbZv Ges mvgvwRK I wkÿvbxwZi wel‡q wm×všÍ MÖn‡Y AskMÖn‡Yi AwaKvi wkÿv AwaKv‡ii Awe‡”Q`¨ Ask|

Riæwi Ae¯’v †_‡K c~‡e©i Ae¯’vq wd‡i bv Avmv ch©šÍ GB AwaKvi¸‡jv myiwÿZ _vKv cÖ‡qvRb| GB cÖwµqv‡K mn‡hvwMZv Ki‡Z wkÿv KZ©„cÿ Ges mswkøó †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì Aek¨B Riæwi wkÿv cwiKíbv ˆZwi Ges ev¯Íevqb Ki‡Z n‡e| GB cwiKíbv Aek¨B:

RvZxq I AvšÍR©vwZKfv‡e ¯^xK…Z wkÿvi gvb wkÿv I bxwZ¸‡jv‡K we‡ePbvq †b‡e;

wkÿv AwaKv‡ii cÖwZ Aw½Kvie× _vK‡e;

m¼‡U _vKv gvby‡li wkÿvi Pvwn`v Ges AwaKv‡ii cÖwZ mvov cÖ`v‡b m‡PZb _vK‡e;

mK‡ji Rb¨ gvbm¤§Z wkÿvi mnRjf¨Zv wbwðZ Kivi j‡ÿ¨ wewfbœ c`‡ÿc AšÍf©y³ Ki‡e;

Riæwi Ae¯’vi Rb¨ cÖ¯‘wZ, mvov`vb Ges `xN©‡gqvw` Dbœq‡bi g‡a¨ cwi®‹vi †hvMm~Î ivL‡e|

Riæwi Ae¯’vi Rb¨ cÖ¯‘wZ Ges mvov cÖ`v‡bi mdjZvi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq c`‡ÿc, Kg©m~wP I bxwZgvjvi cwiKíbv I ev¯Íevq‡b KwgDwbwUi m¤ú„³Zv ¸iæZ¡c~Y©|

†RÛvi mgZv Ges êwP‡Îï cÖwZ m¤§vb cÖ`k©‡bi jÿ¨‡K GwM‡q wb‡q hvIqvi Rb¨, Riæwi Ae¯’vKvjxb wkÿvi Rb¨ cÖYxZ bxwZ I Kg©m~wP‡Z wkï AwaKvi mb‡ì welq¸‡jv AšÍfz©³ Ki‡Z n‡e Ges Zv‡Z mevi Rb¨ wkÿv Ges mn¯ªv‡ãi jÿ¨gvÎvi KvVv‡gvi cÖwZdjb _vK‡Z n‡e| †Kbbv †h mKj wkÿvbxwZ I AvBbKvbyb wj½, ag©, RvwZmË¡v, fvlv I cÖwZeÜxZvmn mKj cÖKvi wkÿv êl‡gï we‡ivwaZv K‡i, GB AvšÍR©vwZK `wjj¸‡jv †m¸‡jvi mg_©b K‡i|

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102Aa¨vq cuvP: wkÿvbxwZ


AvšÍR©vwZK gvbweKZv Ges gvbevwaKvi AvB‡bi AvIZvq wkÿvi my‡hvM, wkÿv_©x, wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x‡ì gh©v`v †hfv‡e myiwÿZ Av‡Q RvZxq wkÿv AvBb, cÖweavb I bxwZgvjvq †m¸wj †mfv‡eB myiwÿZ Kiv (wb‡`©wkKv 1 †`Lyb)|

RvZxq wkÿv AvBb, cÖweavb I bxwZgvjvi gva¨‡g wkÿvi AwaKvi‡K m¤§vb, myiÿv I wbwðZ Kiv Ges wkÿv eë¯’vi avivevwnKZv wbwðZ Kiv (wb‡`©wkKv 1-2 †`Lyb)|

mKj wkÿv myweavwì cybtwbg©vY I cÖwZ¯’vcb †hb wbivc` ¯’v‡b nq †m e¨vcv‡i AvBb, cÖweavb Ges bxwZgvjvi eë¯’v ivLv (wb‡`©wkKv 2-3 †`Lyb)|

ev¯Íe cwiw¯’wZ I †cÖÿvcU we‡kølY K‡i †mB †gvZv‡eK AvBb, cÖweavb I bxwZgvjv ˆZwi Ki‡Z n‡e| Z‡e GB we‡køl‡Y mKj †kÖwYi gvby‡li gZvg‡Zi cÖwZdjb _vK‡Z n‡e (wb‡`©wkKv 4 †`Lyb)|

RvZxq wkÿvbxwZ Kg©cwiKíbv, AvBb I ev‡RU Øviv mgw_©Z n‡Z n‡e hv‡Z Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z `ªæZ mvov`vb m¤¢e nq (wb‡`©wkKv 5-6 †`Lyb)|

AvBb, cÖweavb I bxwZgvjv Ggbfv‡e cÖYqb Ki‡Z n‡e †hb kiYv_x©iv we`¨vj‡q Zv‡ì wbR¯^ GjvKvi ev †`‡ki fvlv wkÿv I wkÿvµg AbymiY Ki‡Z cv‡i (wb‡`©wkKv 7 †`Lyb)|

ivóªxq msMVb bq Ggbme ms¯’v †hgb: GbwRI, RvwZms‡Ni A½-msMVbmg~n‡K Riæwi Ae¯’vq wkÿv Kvh©µg ev¯Íevqb Kivi Aby‡gv`b w`‡q AvBb, cÖweavb I bxwZgvjv ˆZwi Kiv (wb‡`©wkKv 8 †`Lyb)|

wb‡`©wkKv1. AvšÍR©vwZK gvbevwaKvi `wjj Abyhvqx RvZxq KZ©„c‡ÿi `vwqZ¡ n‡”Q wkÿvi

AwaKvi‡K m¤§vb I myiÿv Kiv Ges Zv wbwðZ Kiv (c„ôv 2 f~wgKv †`Lyb)|

GB gvbevwaKvi `wjj¸wji g‡a¨ Av‡Q wkï Ges bexb‡ì cÖwZ we‡kl ¸iæZ¡mn mK‡ji †`Lfvj welqK AvšÍR©vwZK weavbmg~n| GLv‡b cywó, we‡bv`b, ms¯‹…wZ, wbh©vZb cÖwZ‡iva Ges Qq eQ‡ii wb‡Pi wkï‡ì Rb¨ cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿvi welqmg~n AšÍf©z³ Kiv n‡q‡Q| wkï AwaKvi mb`wU we‡klfv‡e ¸iæZ¡c~Y© KviY GLv‡b wkïi wkÿv Ges wkÿv cÖwµqvq Zv‡ì AskMÖnY GB Dfq AwaKv‡ii K_v

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wkÿvbxwZ gvb 1:AvBb I bxwZ cÖYqb

wkÿv KZ©…cÿ webv g~‡j¨ mK‡ji Rb¨ mgvb my‡hvMmn ¸YMZ wkÿv cybtcÖwZôv I Gi avivevwnKZv iÿv‡K cÖvavb¨ †`‡e|

103

ejv n‡q‡Q †hgb, †hme wm×všÍ wkï‡ì Dci cÖfve †dj‡e †m wel‡q Zv‡ì gZvgZ cÖKv‡ki AwaKvi, m¤§vbRbK AvPiY cvevi AwaKvi Ges Zv‡ì wb‡R‡ì AwaKvi m¤ú‡K© Rvbvi AwaKvi (KwgDwbwU AskMÖnY gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 5, c„ôv 27-28; AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 1-2, c„ôv 55-57 Ges wkÿY I wkLb gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 5-6, c„ôv 77-78 †`Lyb)|

wkÿv_©x, wkÿK, wkÿvKg©x Ges wkÿv AeKvVv‡gvmg~n †emvgwiK gh©v`vi AwaKvix| †R‡bfv `wj‡ji AvIZvq Zv‡ì mvgwiK msNvZ †_‡K myiwÿZ ivLvi welqwU mKj †`k Øviv ¯^xK…Z Ges AvšÍR©vwZK gvbweKZvi AvB‡bi GKwU Ask| RvZxq KZ…©cÿ Ges AvšÍR©vwZK †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì GB myiÿvi welqwU RvZxq AvBb I PP©vi g‡a¨ wb‡q Avm‡Z n‡e Ges mvgwiK D‡Ï‡k¨ wkÿv cÖwZôv‡bi eënvi †iva Ki‡Z n‡e|

hw` mwnsmZv Pjgvb wkÿveë¯’v I wkï myiÿv‡K ûgwKi gy‡L †d‡j, †m‡ÿ‡Î wkÿv eë¯’v‡K mPj ivLvi Rb¨ GW‡fv‡Kwm Kiv Ges wkÿv m¤úwK©Z gvbevwaKvi I gvbweKZvi AvBbmg~n‡K AMÖvwaKvi †`qv DwPZ| wkÿv_©x, wkÿvKg©x A_ev wkÿv AeKvVv‡gvi Dci AvµgY ev `L‡ji g‡Zv wel‡qi w`‡K jÿ¨ ivLv Ges G m¤ú‡K© mswkøó‡ì AeMZ Kiv Riæwi| GwU AvµvšÍ e¨w³i gh©v`v‡K mgybœZ iv‡L Ges mgw¤^Z mvov`vb, Z`šÍ I wePvi cÖwµqvq mnvqK (AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 1,3-4 Ges 6-7, c„ôv 61-63 I 63-64 †`Lyb)|

2. RvZxq wkÿvbxwZ I AvBbKvbyb mK‡ji Rb¨ wkÿvi avivevwnKZv wbwðZ Ki‡e| ¯’vbxq Ges RvZxqfv‡e we`¨vj‡qi Rb¨ ˆZwi Avc`Kvjxb cwiKíbvq cwiwPZ, m¤¢ve¨ Ges evi evi N‡U Ggb Avc`mgyn ¯’vb cv‡e| GB Avc`mg~‡ni g‡a¨ Av‡Q †QvU †QvU `y‡h©vM †hgb, wbqwgZ eb¨v hv wkÿvi Dci µgea©gvbfv‡e †bwZevPK cÖfve †d‡j| wec`vcbœ wkï Ges bexb‡ì mywbw`©ó Pvwn`v¸‡jv Aek¨B mshy³ n‡e| †hmKj †`‡k wkÿvi Rb¨ †Kv‡bv Riæwi A_ev `y‡h©v‡M mvov`vb m¤ú©wKZ AvBb †bB, †mLv‡b msKU I Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ G¸‡jv ˆZwii my‡hvM K‡i †`q (ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 3, c„ôv 39-40; AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 11, c„ôv 65 Ges wkÿY I wkLb gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 6, c„ôv 83 †`Lyb)|

¯‹z‡j covi eqm nqwb Ggb wkï‡ì Rb¨ cÖviw¤¢K ˆkke Dbœqb †mev Ges Zv‡ì gvZv-wcZv A_ev AwefveKivI wkÿvbxwZ Ges Kg©m~wPi AvIZvfz³ n‡e| GB †mevi AvIZvq _vK‡e :

cÖvK †mev Ges wkï cÖwZcvjb wkÿvq AvMÖnx AwffveK `j;†cø MÖæc;wkï myiÿv‡K‡›`ªi Kg©Kv‡Ð †QvU wkï‡ì AšÍf©yw³;¯^v¯’¨, cywó Ges Ab¨vb¨ †mevi mv‡_ †hvMm~Î ¯’vcb;

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104wkÿvi b~¨bZg gvb: cÖ¯‘wZ, mvov`vb, c~e©ve¯’vq cÖZ¨veZ©‡bi cÖ‡Póv Aa¨vq cuvP: wkÿvbxwZ


AvšÍR©vwZK gvbweKZv Ges gvbevwaKvi AvB‡bi AvIZvq wkÿvi my‡hvM, wkÿv_©x, wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x‡ì gh©v`v †hfv‡e myiwÿZ Av‡Q RvZxq wkÿv AvBb, cÖweavb I bxwZgvjvq †m¸wj †mfv‡eB myiwÿZ Kiv (wb‡`©wkKv 1 †`Lyb)|

RvZxq wkÿv AvBb, cÖweavb I bxwZgvjvi gva¨‡g wkÿvi AwaKvi‡K m¤§vb, myiÿv I wbwðZ Kiv Ges wkÿv eë¯’vi avivevwnKZv wbwðZ Kiv (wb‡`©wkKv 1-2 †`Lyb)|

mKj wkÿv myweavwì cybtwbg©vY I cÖwZ¯’vcb †hb wbivc` ¯’v‡b nq †m e¨vcv‡i AvBb, cÖweavb Ges bxwZgvjvi eë¯’v ivLv (wb‡`©wkKv 2-3 †`Lyb)|

ev¯Íe cwiw¯’wZ I †cÖÿvcU we‡kølY K‡i †mB †gvZv‡eK AvBb, cÖweavb I bxwZgvjv ˆZwi Ki‡Z n‡e| Z‡e GB we‡køl‡Y mKj †kÖwYi gvby‡li gZvg‡Zi cÖwZdjb _vK‡Z n‡e (wb‡`©wkKv 4 †`Lyb)|

RvZxq wkÿvbxwZ Kg©cwiKíbv, AvBb I ev‡RU Øviv mgw_©Z n‡Z n‡e hv‡Z Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z `ªæZ mvov`vb m¤¢e nq (wb‡`©wkKv 5-6 †`Lyb)|

AvBb, cÖweavb I bxwZgvjv Ggbfv‡e cÖYqb Ki‡Z n‡e †hb kiYv_x©iv we`¨vj‡q Zv‡ì wbR¯^ GjvKvi ev †`‡ki fvlv wkÿv I wkÿvµg AbymiY Ki‡Z cv‡i (wb‡`©wkKv 7 †`Lyb)|

ivóªxq msMVb bq Ggbme ms¯’v †hgb: GbwRI, RvwZms‡Ni A½-msMVbmg~n‡K Riæwi Ae¯’vq wkÿv Kvh©µg ev¯Íevqb Kivi Aby‡gv`b w`‡q AvBb, cÖweavb I bxwZgvjv ˆZwi Kiv (wb‡`©wkKv 8 †`Lyb)|

wb‡`©wkKv1. AvšÍR©vwZK gvbevwaKvi `wjj Abyhvqx RvZxq KZ©„c‡ÿi `vwqZ¡ n‡”Q wkÿvi

AwaKvi‡K m¤§vb I myiÿv Kiv Ges Zv wbwðZ Kiv (c„ôv 2 f~wgKv †`Lyb)|

GB gvbevwaKvi `wjj¸wji g‡a¨ Av‡Q wkï Ges bexb‡ì cÖwZ we‡kl ¸iæZ¡mn mK‡ji †`Lfvj welqK AvšÍR©vwZK weavbmg~n| GLv‡b cywó, we‡bv`b, ms¯‹…wZ, wbh©vZb cÖwZ‡iva Ges Qq eQ‡ii wb‡Pi wkï‡ì Rb¨ cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿvi welqmg~n AšÍf©z³ Kiv n‡q‡Q| wkï AwaKvi mb`wU we‡klfv‡e ¸iæZ¡c~Y© KviY GLv‡b wkïi wkÿv Ges wkÿv cÖwµqvq Zv‡ì AskMÖnY GB Dfq AwaKv‡ii K_v

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wkÿvbxwZ gvb 1:AvBb I bxwZ cÖYqb

wkÿv KZ©…cÿ webv g~‡j¨ mK‡ji Rb¨ mgvb my‡hvMmn ¸YMZ wkÿv cybtcÖwZôv I Gi avivevwnKZv iÿv‡K cÖvavb¨ †`‡e|

103

ejv n‡q‡Q †hgb, †hme wm×všÍ wkï‡ì Dci cÖfve †dj‡e †m wel‡q Zv‡ì gZvgZ cÖKv‡ki AwaKvi, m¤§vbRbK AvPiY cvevi AwaKvi Ges Zv‡ì wb‡R‡ì AwaKvi m¤ú‡K© Rvbvi AwaKvi (KwgDwbwU AskMÖnY gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 5, c„ôv 27-28; AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 1-2, c„ôv 55-57 Ges wkÿY I wkLb gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 5-6, c„ôv 77-78 †`Lyb)|

wkÿv_©x, wkÿK, wkÿvKg©x Ges wkÿv AeKvVv‡gvmg~n †emvgwiK gh©v`vi AwaKvix| †R‡bfv `wj‡ji AvIZvq Zv‡ì mvgwiK msNvZ †_‡K myiwÿZ ivLvi welqwU mKj †`k Øviv ¯^xK…Z Ges AvšÍR©vwZK gvbweKZvi AvB‡bi GKwU Ask| RvZxq KZ…©cÿ Ges AvšÍR©vwZK †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì GB myiÿvi welqwU RvZxq AvBb I PP©vi g‡a¨ wb‡q Avm‡Z n‡e Ges mvgwiK D‡Ï‡k¨ wkÿv cÖwZôv‡bi eënvi †iva Ki‡Z n‡e|

hw` mwnsmZv Pjgvb wkÿveë¯’v I wkï myiÿv‡K ûgwKi gy‡L †d‡j, †m‡ÿ‡Î wkÿv eë¯’v‡K mPj ivLvi Rb¨ GW‡fv‡Kwm Kiv Ges wkÿv m¤úwK©Z gvbevwaKvi I gvbweKZvi AvBbmg~n‡K AMÖvwaKvi †`qv DwPZ| wkÿv_©x, wkÿvKg©x A_ev wkÿv AeKvVv‡gvi Dci AvµgY ev `L‡ji g‡Zv wel‡qi w`‡K jÿ¨ ivLv Ges G m¤ú‡K© mswkøó‡ì AeMZ Kiv Riæwi| GwU AvµvšÍ e¨w³i gh©v`v‡K mgybœZ iv‡L Ges mgw¤^Z mvov`vb, Z`šÍ I wePvi cÖwµqvq mnvqK (AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 1,3-4 Ges 6-7, c„ôv 61-63 I 63-64 †`Lyb)|

2. RvZxq wkÿvbxwZ I AvBbKvbyb mK‡ji Rb¨ wkÿvi avivevwnKZv wbwðZ Ki‡e| ¯’vbxq Ges RvZxqfv‡e we`¨vj‡qi Rb¨ ˆZwi Avc`Kvjxb cwiKíbvq cwiwPZ, m¤¢ve¨ Ges evi evi N‡U Ggb Avc`mgyn ¯’vb cv‡e| GB Avc`mg~‡ni g‡a¨ Av‡Q †QvU †QvU `y‡h©vM †hgb, wbqwgZ eb¨v hv wkÿvi Dci µgea©gvbfv‡e †bwZevPK cÖfve †d‡j| wec`vcbœ wkï Ges bexb‡ì mywbw`©ó Pvwn`v¸‡jv Aek¨B mshy³ n‡e| †hmKj †`‡k wkÿvi Rb¨ †Kv‡bv Riæwi A_ev `y‡h©v‡M mvov`vb m¤ú©wKZ AvBb †bB, †mLv‡b msKU I Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ G¸‡jv ˆZwii my‡hvM K‡i †`q (ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 3, c„ôv 39-40; AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 11, c„ôv 65 Ges wkÿY I wkLb gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 6, c„ôv 83 †`Lyb)|

¯‹z‡j covi eqm nqwb Ggb wkï‡ì Rb¨ cÖviw¤¢K ˆkke Dbœqb †mev Ges Zv‡ì gvZv-wcZv A_ev AwefveKivI wkÿvbxwZ Ges Kg©m~wPi AvIZvfz³ n‡e| GB †mevi AvIZvq _vK‡e :

cÖvK †mev Ges wkï cÖwZcvjb wkÿvq AvMÖnx AwffveK `j;†cø MÖæc;wkï myiÿv‡K‡›`ªi Kg©Kv‡Ð †QvU wkï‡ì AšÍf©yw³;¯^v¯’¨, cywó Ges Ab¨vb¨ †mevi mv‡_ †hvMm~Î ¯’vcb;

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†hme †`‡k bexb‡ì Rb¨ RvZxq bxwZgvjv Av‡Q, Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ †mme †`‡k wkÿvi cvkvcvwk ci¯úi m¤úwK©Z Kv‡R bexb‡ì hy³ nIqvi cÖwµqv‡K kw³kvjx Kivi my‡hvM K‡i †`q| Z‡e †`‡k RvZxq bxwZgvjv bv _vK‡j msKUKv‡j mswkøó †÷K‡nvìviiv GKUv †dvKvj c‡q›U wVK Ki‡eb, whwb wkï I bexb‡ì welq¸wji cÖwZ `„wó ivL‡eb Ges ci¯úi m¤ú©wKZ bxwZ I Kg©mywP cwiKíbv I ev¯Íevq‡b wkï I bexb‡ì welq¸wj mgš^q Ki‡eb| hw` GKwU RvZxq bxwZgvjv ˆZwii my‡hvM _v‡K Z‡e GwU Aek¨B wewfbœ bexb `‡ji ¯^v_© Pvwn`v I cÖfve Ges bvbv ai‡bi bexb‡ì AskMÖn‡Yi my‡hvM I SzuwK BZ¨vw` we‡ePbv K‡i cÖYqb Ki‡Z n‡e| RvZxq bxwZgvjvi AvIZvq †h KvVv‡gv M‡o DV‡e †mLv‡b _vK‡e

wkÿv;KvwiMix Ges e„wËg~jK wkÿv I cÖwkÿY;Riæwi Ae¯’vi Rb¨ c~e©cÖ¯‘wZ|

(AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 2, c„ôv 57 Ges SEEP Net-

work Minimum Standards for Economic Recovery after Crisis, Employment Creation Standard|

3. bZzb Ges cybtwbwg©Z we`¨vj‡qi wbivcËv: bZzb ev cybtwbg©v‡Yi Rb¨ we`¨vj‡qi ¯’vb Aek¨B cwiwPZ Avc` Ges ûgwK †_‡K wbivc` RvqMvq n‡Z n‡e Ges `y‡h©vM mnbkxj b·v cÖYqb I wbg©vY Ki‡Z n‡e| Aek¨B ch©vß cwigvY RvqMv _vK‡Z n‡e †hb Riæwi Ae¯’vq A¯’vqx AvkÖq‡K›`ª wn‡m‡e we`¨vjq‡K eënvi Ki‡jI wkÿv Kvh©µg e¨vnZ bv nq (AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 9, c„ôv 59; AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 3, wb‡`©wkKv 1-2, c„ôv 66-68 Ges INEE Guidance Notes on Safen School Construction, cvIqv hv‡e INEE

Toolkit : www.ineesite.org/toolkit)

4. †cÖÿvcU ch©v‡jvPbv: wkÿv AvBb Ges bxwZ‡Z Riæwi cwiw¯’wZi †cÖwÿ‡Z cwiewZ©Z mvgvwRK, A_©‰bwZK, wbivcËv, cwi‡ek Ges ivR‰bwZK MwZkxjZvi cÖwZdjb _vK‡e| Gfv‡e wkÿv cwiKíbv I Kvh©µg wkÿv_©x Ges we¯Í„Z Rb‡Mvôxi Pvwn`v I AwaKvi c~iY Ki‡e Ges mvgvwRK †f`v‡f` I Ø›Ø-msNvZ Gwo‡q Pj‡e|

†cÖÿvcU ev ev¯Íe Ae¯’v ch©v‡jvPbvq Ø›Ø-msNvZ wbiƒcY, gvbevwaKvi cwiw¯’wZ hvPvB Ges SuywK I `y‡h©vM cÖ¯‘wZ ch©v‡jvPbv BZ¨vw` mshy³ n‡Z cv‡i| wkÿv mswkøó welq¸wji AšÍf©zw³ wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡j wkÿv KZ©„cÿ Ges Ab¨vb¨ mswkøó †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì Aek¨B †cÖÿvcU ch©v‡jvPbvq AskMÖn‡Yi my‡hvM w`‡Z n‡e| †cÖÿvcU ch©v‡jvPbv Kivi †ÿ‡Î KwgDwbwUi mv‡_ eo cwim‡i Av‡jvPbv ìKvi| wkÿv KZ©…cÿ Ges mswkøó Ab¨vb¨ cÿ GB ai‡bi †cÖÿvcU ch©v‡jvPbv Kivi c‡ÿ Ges wkÿv wefv‡Mi Kvh©µg cybtch©v‡jvPbv I cybM©Vb cÖwµqvq Gi

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105

AšÍf©yw³Ki‡Yi c‡ÿ GW‡fv‡Kwm Ki‡e (ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 3-6, c„ôv 39-42)|

SzuwK ch©v‡jvPbvi mgq ivR‰bwZK, cÖkvmwbK Ges gvbweKZvi cwi‡ek I `yb©xwZi SuywK Avg‡j wb‡Z n‡e| Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿvi Rb¨ mvovcÖ`vb cwiKíbv Ges ev¯Íevq‡b †hme `yb©xwZ NU‡Z cv‡i †m¸‡jv wb‡q h‡ZvUv m¤¢e †LvjvLywj Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z n‡e| Db¥y³ Av‡jvPbv n‡”Q e¨vcK `yb©xwZ `gb bxwZgvjv cÖYq‡bi me‡P‡q fv‡jv Dcvq| `yb©xwZ wb‡q Av‡jvPbv gv‡b GB bq †h, `yb©xwZ‡K cÖkÖq †`qv A_ev Kv‡iv wec`vcbœZv‡K mywbw`©ófv‡e bR‡i Avbv (ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 3, c„ôv 39-40)|

5. Z_¨ wewbgq Ges Z_¨ eë¯’v: hviv wkÿvbxwZ cÖYqb Ges ev¯Íevq‡bi mv‡_ hy³ Zviv bxwZ Ges mvov`vb †KŠkj¸‡jv m¤ú‡K© Z_¨ wewbgq Ki‡e| Ø›Ø-msNvZ Ges `y‡h©vM †gvKv‡ejvq GwU we‡klfv‡e ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| Z_¨ Aek¨B mK‡ji Kv‡Q mnR‡eva¨ Ges mnRjf¨ n‡Z n‡e (mg¤^q gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 3, c„ôv 34-35 †`Lyb)|

AvBb, cÖweavb Ges bxwZ Aek¨B wek¦vm‡hvM¨ Z‡_ï wfwË‡Z cÖYqb Ki‡Z n‡e| we‡kl `y‡h©vM cÖeY GjvKvi Z_¨ I RbmsL¨v m¤úwK©Z DcvË wkÿv eë¯’vcbv Z_¨ eë¯’vi mv‡_ mshy³ _vK‡e| GwU `y‡h©vMc~e© GKwU cÖ¯‘wZi †KŠkj, hv RvZxq Ges ¯’vbxq wkÿv cwiKíbv cÖYq‡b f~wgKv iv‡L| †hLv‡b m¤¢e, KwgDwbwUi gva¨‡g msM„nxZ Z_¨ RvZxq wkÿv Z_¨ eë¯’vcbv mivmwi MÖnY Ki‡e (ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 3, wb‡`©wkKv 3, c„ôv 49 †`Lyb)|

6. `y‡h©vM cÖ¯‘wZ KvVv‡gv: wkÿv RvZxq `y‡h©vM cÖ¯‘wZ KvVv‡gvi GKwU Awe‡”Q`¨ Ask| Kvh©Ki Ges mgqg‡Zv wkÿv mvov`v‡bi Rb¨ m¤ú`¸‡jv‡K Aek¨B myiwÿZ ivL‡Z n‡e| AvšÍR©vwZK †÷K‡nvìviiv RvZxq I ¯’vbxq wkÿv Kg©m~wPi mnvqZvq, Dbœqb Kvh©µ‡gi Dcv`vb wn‡m‡e Riæwi wkÿv mvov`v‡bi Rb¨ cÖ¯‘wZ MÖnY Ki‡e| `y‡h©vM cÖ¯‘wZ KvVv‡gv‡Z KwgDwbwU ch©v‡q mvov`vb Kg©Kv‡Ð wkï Ges bexb‡ì AskMÖn‡Yi my‡hvM myweav my¯úófv‡e _vK‡Z n‡e (KwgDwbwU AskMÖnY gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 4-5, c„ôv 26-28; KwgDwbwU AskMÖnY gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 5, c„ôv 32; AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 11, c„ôv 65 Ges wkÿY I wkLb cwi‡ek gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 6, c„ôv 83)|

7. êlg¨nxbZv: mKj †Mvôxi Kv‡Q wkÿv hv‡Z mgvbfv‡e †cuŠQvq wkÿv KZ©„cÿ Zv Aek¨B wbwðZ Ki‡e| AvšÍR©vwZK AvBb Abyhvqx cÖv_wgK wkÿvi †ÿ‡Î kiYv_©xiv Aek¨B AvkÖq cÖ`vbKvix †`‡ki bvMwiK‡ì g‡Zv GKBiKg my‡hvM cv‡e| D”P wkÿvi my‡hvM, mb` cÖvwß, wW‡cøvgv, wWwMÖ, wd cÖ`v‡b Qvo Ges e„wË cvevi †ÿ‡ÎI kiYv_©x‡ì GKBiKg AwaKvi _vK‡e| Af¨šÍixY ¯’vbPy¨Z wkÿv_©xiv †`‡ki


†hme †`‡k bexb‡ì Rb¨ RvZxq bxwZgvjv Av‡Q, Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ †mme †`‡k wkÿvi cvkvcvwk ci¯úi m¤úwK©Z Kv‡R bexb‡ì hy³ nIqvi cÖwµqv‡K kw³kvjx Kivi my‡hvM K‡i †`q| Z‡e †`‡k RvZxq bxwZgvjv bv _vK‡j msKUKv‡j mswkøó †÷K‡nvìviiv GKUv †dvKvj c‡q›U wVK Ki‡eb, whwb wkï I bexb‡ì welq¸wji cÖwZ `„wó ivL‡eb Ges ci¯úi m¤ú©wKZ bxwZ I Kg©mywP cwiKíbv I ev¯Íevq‡b wkï I bexb‡ì welq¸wj mgš^q Ki‡eb| hw` GKwU RvZxq bxwZgvjv ˆZwii my‡hvM _v‡K Z‡e GwU Aek¨B wewfbœ bexb `‡ji ¯^v_© Pvwn`v I cÖfve Ges bvbv ai‡bi bexb‡ì AskMÖn‡Yi my‡hvM I SzuwK BZ¨vw` we‡ePbv K‡i cÖYqb Ki‡Z n‡e| RvZxq bxwZgvjvi AvIZvq †h KvVv‡gv M‡o DV‡e †mLv‡b _vK‡e

wkÿv;KvwiMix Ges e„wËg~jK wkÿv I cÖwkÿY;Riæwi Ae¯’vi Rb¨ c~e©cÖ¯‘wZ|

(AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 2, c„ôv 57 Ges SEEP Net-

work Minimum Standards for Economic Recovery after Crisis, Employment Creation Standard|

3. bZzb Ges cybtwbwg©Z we`¨vj‡qi wbivcËv: bZzb ev cybtwbg©v‡Yi Rb¨ we`¨vj‡qi ¯’vb Aek¨B cwiwPZ Avc` Ges ûgwK †_‡K wbivc` RvqMvq n‡Z n‡e Ges `y‡h©vM mnbkxj b·v cÖYqb I wbg©vY Ki‡Z n‡e| Aek¨B ch©vß cwigvY RvqMv _vK‡Z n‡e †hb Riæwi Ae¯’vq A¯’vqx AvkÖq‡K›`ª wn‡m‡e we`¨vjq‡K eënvi Ki‡jI wkÿv Kvh©µg e¨vnZ bv nq (AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 9, c„ôv 59; AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 3, wb‡`©wkKv 1-2, c„ôv 66-68 Ges INEE Guidance Notes on Safen School Construction, cvIqv hv‡e INEE

Toolkit : www.ineesite.org/toolkit)

4. †cÖÿvcU ch©v‡jvPbv: wkÿv AvBb Ges bxwZ‡Z Riæwi cwiw¯’wZi †cÖwÿ‡Z cwiewZ©Z mvgvwRK, A_©‰bwZK, wbivcËv, cwi‡ek Ges ivR‰bwZK MwZkxjZvi cÖwZdjb _vK‡e| Gfv‡e wkÿv cwiKíbv I Kvh©µg wkÿv_©x Ges we¯Í„Z Rb‡Mvôxi Pvwn`v I AwaKvi c~iY Ki‡e Ges mvgvwRK †f`v‡f` I Ø›Ø-msNvZ Gwo‡q Pj‡e|

†cÖÿvcU ev ev¯Íe Ae¯’v ch©v‡jvPbvq Ø›Ø-msNvZ wbiƒcY, gvbevwaKvi cwiw¯’wZ hvPvB Ges SuywK I `y‡h©vM cÖ¯‘wZ ch©v‡jvPbv BZ¨vw` mshy³ n‡Z cv‡i| wkÿv mswkøó welq¸wji AšÍf©zw³ wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡j wkÿv KZ©„cÿ Ges Ab¨vb¨ mswkøó †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì Aek¨B †cÖÿvcU ch©v‡jvPbvq AskMÖn‡Yi my‡hvM w`‡Z n‡e| †cÖÿvcU ch©v‡jvPbv Kivi †ÿ‡Î KwgDwbwUi mv‡_ eo cwim‡i Av‡jvPbv ìKvi| wkÿv KZ©…cÿ Ges mswkøó Ab¨vb¨ cÿ GB ai‡bi †cÖÿvcU ch©v‡jvPbv Kivi c‡ÿ Ges wkÿv wefv‡Mi Kvh©µg cybtch©v‡jvPbv I cybM©Vb cÖwµqvq Gi

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105

AšÍf©yw³Ki‡Yi c‡ÿ GW‡fv‡Kwm Ki‡e (ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 3-6, c„ôv 39-42)|

SzuwK ch©v‡jvPbvi mgq ivR‰bwZK, cÖkvmwbK Ges gvbweKZvi cwi‡ek I `yb©xwZi SuywK Avg‡j wb‡Z n‡e| Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿvi Rb¨ mvovcÖ`vb cwiKíbv Ges ev¯Íevq‡b †hme `yb©xwZ NU‡Z cv‡i †m¸‡jv wb‡q h‡ZvUv m¤¢e †LvjvLywj Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z n‡e| Db¥y³ Av‡jvPbv n‡”Q e¨vcK `yb©xwZ `gb bxwZgvjv cÖYq‡bi me‡P‡q fv‡jv Dcvq| `yb©xwZ wb‡q Av‡jvPbv gv‡b GB bq †h, `yb©xwZ‡K cÖkÖq †`qv A_ev Kv‡iv wec`vcbœZv‡K mywbw`©ófv‡e bR‡i Avbv (ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 3, c„ôv 39-40)|

5. Z_¨ wewbgq Ges Z_¨ eë¯’v: hviv wkÿvbxwZ cÖYqb Ges ev¯Íevq‡bi mv‡_ hy³ Zviv bxwZ Ges mvov`vb †KŠkj¸‡jv m¤ú‡K© Z_¨ wewbgq Ki‡e| Ø›Ø-msNvZ Ges `y‡h©vM †gvKv‡ejvq GwU we‡klfv‡e ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| Z_¨ Aek¨B mK‡ji Kv‡Q mnR‡eva¨ Ges mnRjf¨ n‡Z n‡e (mg¤^q gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 3, c„ôv 34-35 †`Lyb)|

AvBb, cÖweavb Ges bxwZ Aek¨B wek¦vm‡hvM¨ Z‡_ï wfwË‡Z cÖYqb Ki‡Z n‡e| we‡kl `y‡h©vM cÖeY GjvKvi Z_¨ I RbmsL¨v m¤úwK©Z DcvË wkÿv eë¯’vcbv Z_¨ eë¯’vi mv‡_ mshy³ _vK‡e| GwU `y‡h©vMc~e© GKwU cÖ¯‘wZi †KŠkj, hv RvZxq Ges ¯’vbxq wkÿv cwiKíbv cÖYq‡b f~wgKv iv‡L| †hLv‡b m¤¢e, KwgDwbwUi gva¨‡g msM„nxZ Z_¨ RvZxq wkÿv Z_¨ eë¯’vcbv mivmwi MÖnY Ki‡e (ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 3, wb‡`©wkKv 3, c„ôv 49 †`Lyb)|

6. `y‡h©vM cÖ¯‘wZ KvVv‡gv: wkÿv RvZxq `y‡h©vM cÖ¯‘wZ KvVv‡gvi GKwU Awe‡”Q`¨ Ask| Kvh©Ki Ges mgqg‡Zv wkÿv mvov`v‡bi Rb¨ m¤ú`¸‡jv‡K Aek¨B myiwÿZ ivL‡Z n‡e| AvšÍR©vwZK †÷K‡nvìviiv RvZxq I ¯’vbxq wkÿv Kg©m~wPi mnvqZvq, Dbœqb Kvh©µ‡gi Dcv`vb wn‡m‡e Riæwi wkÿv mvov`v‡bi Rb¨ cÖ¯‘wZ MÖnY Ki‡e| `y‡h©vM cÖ¯‘wZ KvVv‡gv‡Z KwgDwbwU ch©v‡q mvov`vb Kg©Kv‡Ð wkï Ges bexb‡ì AskMÖn‡Yi my‡hvM myweav my¯úófv‡e _vK‡Z n‡e (KwgDwbwU AskMÖnY gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 4-5, c„ôv 26-28; KwgDwbwU AskMÖnY gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 5, c„ôv 32; AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 11, c„ôv 65 Ges wkÿY I wkLb cwi‡ek gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 6, c„ôv 83)|

7. êlg¨nxbZv: mKj †Mvôxi Kv‡Q wkÿv hv‡Z mgvbfv‡e †cuŠQvq wkÿv KZ©„cÿ Zv Aek¨B wbwðZ Ki‡e| AvšÍR©vwZK AvBb Abyhvqx cÖv_wgK wkÿvi †ÿ‡Î kiYv_©xiv Aek¨B AvkÖq cÖ`vbKvix †`‡ki bvMwiK‡ì g‡Zv GKBiKg my‡hvM cv‡e| D”P wkÿvi my‡hvM, mb` cÖvwß, wW‡cøvgv, wWwMÖ, wd cÖ`v‡b Qvo Ges e„wË cvevi †ÿ‡ÎI kiYv_©x‡ì GKBiKg AwaKvi _vK‡e| Af¨šÍixY ¯’vbPy¨Z wkÿv_©xiv †`‡ki


Ab¨vb¨ wkÿv_©x hviv ¯’vbPy¨Z nqwb Zv‡ì g‡Zv GKBiKg wkÿvi AwaKvi cv‡e| G¸‡jv RvZxq Ges AvšÍR©vwZK gvbevwaKvi AvBb Ges Af¨šÍixY AvšÍt¯’vbPz¨Z‡ì Rb¨ wb‡`©wkZ weav‡b D‡jøwLZ Av‡Q (AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 1-2 I 4, c„ôv 55-57 I 58; wkÿY I wkLb gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 3 I 7-8, c„ôv 76-77 I 79-80; wkÿY I wkLb gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 5, c„ôv 83)|

8. mKj wkÿv_x©i wkÿv Pvwn`v Ges AwaKvi wbwðZ Kivi j‡ÿ¨ RvZxq wkÿv Kvh©µg‡K mn‡hvwMZv Kivi Rb¨ †emiKvwi ms¯’vmg~n Ges RvwZmsN‡K AbygwZ w`‡Z n‡e Ges Zviv hv‡Z wbivc‡` I wbwe©‡Nœ `ªæZ mvov`v‡bi KvR ïiæ Ki‡Z cv‡i †mB j‡ÿ¨ mvnvh¨ I mn‡hvwMZv Ki‡Z n‡e| G‡ÿ‡Î `ªæZ wfmvi eë¯’v Ges wkÿY I ÎvY DcKi‡Yi Rb¨ we‡kl ïé Qv‡oi weavb ivLv †h‡Z cv‡i|

107


AvbyôvwbK Ges DcvbyôvwbK wkÿv Kg©m~wPi g‡a¨ AvšÍR©vwZK I RvZxq AvBb KvVv‡gv Ges bxwZi cÖwZdjb _vK‡e (wb‡`©wkKv 1 †`Lyb)|

wkÿv Kvh©µg Ab¨vb¨ Riæwi mvov`vb Lv‡Zi mv‡_ mgwš^Z n‡e (wb‡`©wkKv 2 †`Lyb)|

Riæwi wkÿv Kg©m~wP RvZxq wkÿv cwiKíbv I †KŠk‡ji mv‡_ hy³ †_‡K wkÿv †ÿ‡Î `xN©‡gqv`x Dbœq‡bi mv‡_ m¤ú„³Zv wbwðZ Ki‡e|

fwel¨Z Ges eZ©gvb `y‡h©vM cÖ¯‘wZ Ges mvov cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ wkÿv KZ…©cÿ RvZxq Ges ¯’vbxq ch©v‡q wkÿv cwiKíbv ˆZwi Ges ev¯Íevqb Ki‡e (wb‡`©wkKv 3 †`Lyb)|

¯^”QZvi mv‡_ GKUv Kvh©Kix wkÿvbxwZ cÖYqb Ges †mB Av‡jv‡K wkÿv Kg©m~wP ˆZwi I ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ h‡_ó Avw_©©©K, KvwiMwi, e¯‘MZ Ges gvbe m¤ú‡ì †hvMvb _vK‡e (wb‡`©wkKv 4-5 †`Lyb)|

wb‡`©wkKv1. wkÿv AwaKvi I jÿ¨ AR©b: AvbyôvwbK Ges DcvbyôvwbK wkÿv Kg©m~wP‡Z Aek¨B

GKxf~Z Kg©KvÐ Ki‡Z n‡e, hv wkÿv AwaKvi Ges jÿ¨ c~iY Ki‡e| G¸‡jv Aek¨B RvZxq Ges AvšÍR©vwZK AvBwb KvVv‡gvi AvIZvq n‡Z n‡e (AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 1-2 I 4, c„ôv 55-57 I 58 Ges wkÿvbxwZ gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 1 I 7, c„ôv 103-104 I 106-107 †`Lyb)|

2. AvšÍtLvZ mg¤^q: cÖviw¤¢K ˆkke Dbœqb Ges bexb‡ì Kvh©µgmn wkÿvq mvov`vb Aek¨B Ab¨vb¨ Lv‡Zi Kvh©µg †hgb: cvwb mieivn, cqtwb®‹vkb Ges ¯^v¯’¨wewa cÖeZ©b, cywó, Lv`¨ wbivcËv I Lv`¨ mnvqZv, AvkÖq, ¯^v¯’¨‡mev Ges Avw_©K Dbœqb BZ¨vwì mv‡_ mshy³ _vK‡e (ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 6, c„ôv 41-42; AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 9, c„ôv 59; AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 3, c„ôv 66-70; The Sphere Handbook; and the

SEEP Network Minimum Standards for Economic Recovery after Cri-sis, Employment Creation standard and Enterprise Development stan-dards) |

3. RvZxq Ges AvšÍR©vwZK wkÿv cwiKíbv: RvZxq Ges AvšÍR©vwZK wkÿv cwiKíbvq Aek¨B eZ©gvb Ges fwel¨Z `y‡h©v‡Mi †ÿ‡Î Kvh©Kix c`‡ÿ‡ci w`K wb‡`©kbv

·

·

·

·

·

wkÿvbxwZ gvb 2:cwiKíbv I ev¯Íevqb

wkÿv Kvh©µg RvZxq Ges AvšÍR©vwZK wkÿvbxwZgvjv, AvBb Kvbyb, gvb I cwiKíbv Ges ÿwZMÖ¯Í Rb‡Mvôxi wkÿY Pvwn`v‡K we‡ePbvq ivL‡e|


Ab¨vb¨ wkÿv_©x hviv ¯’vbPy¨Z nqwb Zv‡ì g‡Zv GKBiKg wkÿvi AwaKvi cv‡e| G¸‡jv RvZxq Ges AvšÍR©vwZK gvbevwaKvi AvBb Ges Af¨šÍixY AvšÍt¯’vbPz¨Z‡ì Rb¨ wb‡`©wkZ weav‡b D‡jøwLZ Av‡Q (AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 1-2 I 4, c„ôv 55-57 I 58; wkÿY I wkLb gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 3 I 7-8, c„ôv 76-77 I 79-80; wkÿY I wkLb gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 5, c„ôv 83)|

8. mKj wkÿv_x©i wkÿv Pvwn`v Ges AwaKvi wbwðZ Kivi j‡ÿ¨ RvZxq wkÿv Kvh©µg‡K mn‡hvwMZv Kivi Rb¨ †emiKvwi ms¯’vmg~n Ges RvwZmsN‡K AbygwZ w`‡Z n‡e Ges Zviv hv‡Z wbivc‡` I wbwe©‡Nœ `ªæZ mvov`v‡bi KvR ïiæ Ki‡Z cv‡i †mB j‡ÿ¨ mvnvh¨ I mn‡hvwMZv Ki‡Z n‡e| G‡ÿ‡Î `ªæZ wfmvi eë¯’v Ges wkÿY I ÎvY DcKi‡Yi Rb¨ we‡kl ïé Qv‡oi weavb ivLv †h‡Z cv‡i|

107


AvbyôvwbK Ges DcvbyôvwbK wkÿv Kg©m~wPi g‡a¨ AvšÍR©vwZK I RvZxq AvBb KvVv‡gv Ges bxwZi cÖwZdjb _vK‡e (wb‡`©wkKv 1 †`Lyb)|

wkÿv Kvh©µg Ab¨vb¨ Riæwi mvov`vb Lv‡Zi mv‡_ mgwš^Z n‡e (wb‡`©wkKv 2 †`Lyb)|

Riæwi wkÿv Kg©m~wP RvZxq wkÿv cwiKíbv I †KŠk‡ji mv‡_ hy³ †_‡K wkÿv †ÿ‡Î `xN©‡gqv`x Dbœq‡bi mv‡_ m¤ú„³Zv wbwðZ Ki‡e|

fwel¨Z Ges eZ©gvb `y‡h©vM cÖ¯‘wZ Ges mvov cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ wkÿv KZ…©cÿ RvZxq Ges ¯’vbxq ch©v‡q wkÿv cwiKíbv ˆZwi Ges ev¯Íevqb Ki‡e (wb‡`©wkKv 3 †`Lyb)|

¯^”QZvi mv‡_ GKUv Kvh©Kix wkÿvbxwZ cÖYqb Ges †mB Av‡jv‡K wkÿv Kg©m~wP ˆZwi I ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ h‡_ó Avw_©©©K, KvwiMwi, e¯‘MZ Ges gvbe m¤ú‡ì †hvMvb _vK‡e (wb‡`©wkKv 4-5 †`Lyb)|

wb‡`©wkKv1. wkÿv AwaKvi I jÿ¨ AR©b: AvbyôvwbK Ges DcvbyôvwbK wkÿv Kg©m~wP‡Z Aek¨B

GKxf~Z Kg©KvÐ Ki‡Z n‡e, hv wkÿv AwaKvi Ges jÿ¨ c~iY Ki‡e| G¸‡jv Aek¨B RvZxq Ges AvšÍR©vwZK AvBwb KvVv‡gvi AvIZvq n‡Z n‡e (AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 1-2 I 4, c„ôv 55-57 I 58 Ges wkÿvbxwZ gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 1 I 7, c„ôv 103-104 I 106-107 †`Lyb)|

2. AvšÍtLvZ mg¤^q: cÖviw¤¢K ˆkke Dbœqb Ges bexb‡ì Kvh©µgmn wkÿvq mvov`vb Aek¨B Ab¨vb¨ Lv‡Zi Kvh©µg †hgb: cvwb mieivn, cqtwb®‹vkb Ges ¯^v¯’¨wewa cÖeZ©b, cywó, Lv`¨ wbivcËv I Lv`¨ mnvqZv, AvkÖq, ¯^v¯’¨‡mev Ges Avw_©K Dbœqb BZ¨vwì mv‡_ mshy³ _vK‡e (ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 6, c„ôv 41-42; AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 9, c„ôv 59; AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 3, c„ôv 66-70; The Sphere Handbook; and the

SEEP Network Minimum Standards for Economic Recovery after Cri-sis, Employment Creation standard and Enterprise Development stan-dards) |

3. RvZxq Ges AvšÍR©vwZK wkÿv cwiKíbv: RvZxq Ges AvšÍR©vwZK wkÿv cwiKíbvq Aek¨B eZ©gvb Ges fwel¨Z `y‡h©v‡Mi †ÿ‡Î Kvh©Kix c`‡ÿ‡ci w`K wb‡`©kbv

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wkÿvbxwZ gvb 2:cwiKíbv I ev¯Íevqb

wkÿv Kvh©µg RvZxq Ges AvšÍR©vwZK wkÿvbxwZgvjv, AvBb Kvbyb, gvb I cwiKíbv Ges ÿwZMÖ¯Í Rb‡Mvôxi wkÿY Pvwn`v‡K we‡ePbvq ivL‡e|


_vK‡e| AvšÍtm¤úwK©Z mg¤^‡qi Rb¨ Zviv wm×všÍ MÖnb, mgš^q, wbivcËv Ges myiÿv †KŠkj¸‡jv mywbw`©ó Ki‡e| cwiKíbv Aek¨B mvwe©K †cÖÿvcU ey‡S Ki‡Z n‡e Ges `y‡h©vM I msNv‡Zi c~e© mZ©KxKi‡Yi Rb¨ m~PK Ges eë¯’v MÖn‡Yi †KŠkj cwiKíbvq AšÍfz©³ Ki‡Z n‡e| G¸‡jv h_vh_ wkÿvbxwZ Ges KvVv‡gvi Øviv mgw_©Z n‡Z n‡e| RvZxq Ges ¯’vbxq wkÿv cwiKíbv GKwU wbqwgZ g~j¨vqb I ms‡kvab cÖwµqvi g‡a¨ _vK‡e (KwgDwbwUi AskMÖnY gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 4, c„ôv 26-27; KwgDwbwU AskMÖnY gvb 2, c„ôv 30-32; mg¤^q gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 1, c„ôv 33-34; ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 3, c„ôv 39-40; Ges wkÿvbxwZ gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 4, c„ôv 105-106 †`Lzb)|

4. m¤ú`mg~n: Riæwi wkÿv cÖ¯‘wZi Rb¨ ch©vß Znwej wbwðZ Kivi j‡ÿ¨ RvZxq KZ©„cÿ, gvbweK ms¯’v, `vZv ms¯’v, GbwRI, KwgDwbwU Ges Ab¨vb¨ mswkøó cÿ¸wj GKmv‡_ KvR Ki‡e| m¤ú‡ì mg¤^q Aek¨B RvZxq ch©v‡q wba©vwiZ n‡Z n‡e Ges cÖPwjZ mg¤^q †KŠk‡ji mv‡_ m¤ú„³ n‡Z n‡e| †cÖÿvcU Abyhvqx m¤ú` e›U‡b wb¤œwjwLZ wel‡qi g‡a¨ fvimvg¨ _vK‡Z n‡e:

†fŠZ Dcv`vb, †hgb AwZwi³ †kªwYKÿ, K¬v‡mi eB Ges wkÿY I wkLb DcKiY ;¸YMZ Dcv`vb, †hgb wkÿK Ges ZË¡veavbKvix cÖwkÿY †Kvm©, wkÿY I wkLb DcKiY|

wkÿv DcvË msMÖn, ch©v‡jvPbv I Z_¨ wewbgq Ges wkÿvi Dci Avµg‡Yi NUbvmg~‡ni Dci wbqwgZ I avivevwnK cÖwZ‡e`b ˆZwii Rb¨ m¤ú‡ì †hvMvb _vK‡Z n‡e (KwgDwbwU AskMÖnY gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 1,c„ôv 24-25; mg¤^q gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 1-2, c„ôv 33-34; ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 1, c„ôv 37-42; ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 2, c„ôv 44; ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 3, wb‡`©wkKv 3, c„ôv 49; ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 4, wb‡`©wkKv 3-4, c„ôv 51; Ges AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 4 I 7 c„ôv 62-63 I 63-64 †`Lyb)|

5. ¯^”QZv I Revew`wnZv: `yb©xwZ (Avw_©K/Abvw_©K) †iva Abykxjbmn bxwZ cwiKíbv I ev¯Íevq‡bi cÖvmw½K Z_¨ †Kw›`ªq, RvZxq KZ©„cÿ, KwgDwbwU I Ab¨vb¨ gvbweKZvi †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z n‡e| djcÖm~ cwiexÿY I Revew`wnZvi Rb¨ ¯^”QZv ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| `ybx©wZi Awf‡hvM¸‡jv †Mvcb _vK‡e Ges wbqš¿‡Yi Rb¨ mvs¯‹…wZKfv‡e Dchy³ eë¯’v _vK‡Z n‡e| `yb©xwZ wel‡q Awf‡hvM Ki‡Z RbMY‡K DrmvwnZ Kiv Ges hviv Awf‡hvM K‡i _v‡Kb Zv‡ì iÿv Kiv bxwZgvjvi AšÍfz©³ (mgš^q gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 5, c„ôv 35; ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 3, c„ôv 39-40 Ges wkÿvbxwZ gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 4, c„ôv 105-106 †`Lyb)|

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www.ineesite.org/toolkitolkit:

INEE Toolkit:

INEE b~¨bZg gvb

ev¯Íevqb Uzj&m

wkÿvbxwZ

¿

¿

¿


_vK‡e| AvšÍtm¤úwK©Z mg¤^‡qi Rb¨ Zviv wm×všÍ MÖnb, mgš^q, wbivcËv Ges myiÿv †KŠkj¸‡jv mywbw`©ó Ki‡e| cwiKíbv Aek¨B mvwe©K †cÖÿvcU ey‡S Ki‡Z n‡e Ges `y‡h©vM I msNv‡Zi c~e© mZ©KxKi‡Yi Rb¨ m~PK Ges eë¯’v MÖn‡Yi †KŠkj cwiKíbvq AšÍfz©³ Ki‡Z n‡e| G¸‡jv h_vh_ wkÿvbxwZ Ges KvVv‡gvi Øviv mgw_©Z n‡Z n‡e| RvZxq Ges ¯’vbxq wkÿv cwiKíbv GKwU wbqwgZ g~j¨vqb I ms‡kvab cÖwµqvi g‡a¨ _vK‡e (KwgDwbwUi AskMÖnY gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 4, c„ôv 26-27; KwgDwbwU AskMÖnY gvb 2, c„ôv 30-32; mg¤^q gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 1, c„ôv 33-34; ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 3, c„ôv 39-40; Ges wkÿvbxwZ gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 4, c„ôv 105-106 †`Lzb)|

4. m¤ú`mg~n: Riæwi wkÿv cÖ¯‘wZi Rb¨ ch©vß Znwej wbwðZ Kivi j‡ÿ¨ RvZxq KZ©„cÿ, gvbweK ms¯’v, `vZv ms¯’v, GbwRI, KwgDwbwU Ges Ab¨vb¨ mswkøó cÿ¸wj GKmv‡_ KvR Ki‡e| m¤ú‡ì mg¤^q Aek¨B RvZxq ch©v‡q wba©vwiZ n‡Z n‡e Ges cÖPwjZ mg¤^q †KŠk‡ji mv‡_ m¤ú„³ n‡Z n‡e| †cÖÿvcU Abyhvqx m¤ú` e›U‡b wb¤œwjwLZ wel‡qi g‡a¨ fvimvg¨ _vK‡Z n‡e:

†fŠZ Dcv`vb, †hgb AwZwi³ †kªwYKÿ, K¬v‡mi eB Ges wkÿY I wkLb DcKiY ;¸YMZ Dcv`vb, †hgb wkÿK Ges ZË¡veavbKvix cÖwkÿY †Kvm©, wkÿY I wkLb DcKiY|

wkÿv DcvË msMÖn, ch©v‡jvPbv I Z_¨ wewbgq Ges wkÿvi Dci Avµg‡Yi NUbvmg~‡ni Dci wbqwgZ I avivevwnK cÖwZ‡e`b ˆZwii Rb¨ m¤ú‡ì †hvMvb _vK‡Z n‡e (KwgDwbwU AskMÖnY gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 1,c„ôv 24-25; mg¤^q gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 1-2, c„ôv 33-34; ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 1, c„ôv 37-42; ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 2, c„ôv 44; ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 3, wb‡`©wkKv 3, c„ôv 49; ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 4, wb‡`©wkKv 3-4, c„ôv 51; Ges AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek gvb 2, wb‡`©wkKv 4 I 7 c„ôv 62-63 I 63-64 †`Lyb)|

5. ¯^”QZv I Revew`wnZv: `yb©xwZ (Avw_©K/Abvw_©K) †iva Abykxjbmn bxwZ cwiKíbv I ev¯Íevq‡bi cÖvmw½K Z_¨ †Kw›`ªq, RvZxq KZ©„cÿ, KwgDwbwU I Ab¨vb¨ gvbweKZvi †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z n‡e| djcÖm~ cwiexÿY I Revew`wnZvi Rb¨ ¯^”QZv ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| `ybx©wZi Awf‡hvM¸‡jv †Mvcb _vK‡e Ges wbqš¿‡Yi Rb¨ mvs¯‹…wZKfv‡e Dchy³ eë¯’v _vK‡Z n‡e| `yb©xwZ wel‡q Awf‡hvM Ki‡Z RbMY‡K DrmvwnZ Kiv Ges hviv Awf‡hvM K‡i _v‡Kb Zv‡ì iÿv Kiv bxwZgvjvi AšÍfz©³ (mgš^q gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 5, c„ôv 35; ch©v‡jvPbv gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 3, c„ôv 39-40 Ges wkÿvbxwZ gvb 1, wb‡`©wkKv 4, c„ôv 105-106 †`Lyb)|

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www.ineesite.org/toolkitolkit:

INEE Toolkit:

INEE b~¨bZg gvb

ev¯Íevqb Uzj&m

wkÿvbxwZ

¿

¿

¿


cwiwkó 1: kã‡Kvl

AwfMg¨Zv: AwfMg¨Zv n‡”Q AvbyôvwbK ev DcvbyôvwbK wkÿvq fwZ© n‡q AskMÖnY Kiv Ges wkÿv mgvß Kivi Aeva my‡hvM| Aeva my‡hvM Gi A_© n‡”Q wkÿv_©x‡ì wkÿv Kg©m~wP‡Z AskMÖnY ev wkÿv mgvwß‡Z evavi m„wó K‡i Ggb eënvwiK, Avw_©K, kvixwiK, wbivcËvRwbZ, KvVv‡gvMZ, cÖvwZôvwbK ev mvgvwRK-mvs¯‹…wZK cÖwZeÜKZv _vK‡e bv|

Revew`wnZv: ÿwZMÖ¯Í `j¸‡jvi Pvwn`v, ÿgZv I Ae¯’v we‡ePbv K‡i KvR I wm×všÍ MÖn‡Yi e¨vL¨v n‡”Q Revew`wnZv| Avw_©K m¤ú‡ì eënvimn eë¯’vcbv cÖwµqvq ¯^”QZv I Revew`wnZv AšÍf©y³| GwU GKB mv‡_ †kvbvi AwaKvi Ges mvovcÖ`v‡bi `vwqZ¡‡K †evSvq| wkÿv‡ÿ‡Î Revew`wnZv ej‡Z gZvgZ cÖ`v‡b wkÿv_©x‡ì Ávb, `ÿZv, g‡bvfve, wkÿK‡ì AvPiY Ges we`¨vj‡qi wkÿv eë¯’vi K_v gv_vq †i‡L ¸YMZ †mev cÖ`vb Kivi `vqe×Zv‡K †evSvq|

wbiƒcY:1) Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿv Kvh©µg cwiKíbvi c~‡e© Pvwn`v wbiƒcY I mvov cÖ`v‡bi †ÿ‡Î m¤ú‡ì NvUwZ wba©vi‡Y cwiPvwjZ AbymÜvb Kvh©µg| 2) wkÿv_©x‡ì DbœwZ Ges AR©‡bi cixÿv †bqv| ÒwkL‡bi djvdj wbiƒcYÓ n‡”Q wkÿv Kg©m~wP Øviv wba©vwiZ GK ai‡bi wbiƒcY cÖwµqv| INEE Toolkit www.ineesite.org/toolkit G GK ai‡bi wbiƒcY c×wZ i‡q‡Q| †Kv‡bv we‡kl Ae¯’vq ev cwi‡e‡k cÖ‡qvRbxq Z_¨‡K cÖwZdwjZ Kivi Rb¨ wbiƒcY c×wZ me©`v cÖ‡qvM Kiv DwPZ|

mÿgZv: mÿgZv ej‡Z †evSvq e¨w³ A_ev Rb‡Mvôx, mgvR ev ms¯’vi kw³, ¸Y Ges m¤ú‡ì mgš^q hv cÖZ¨vwkZ jÿ¨ AR©‡b eënvi Kiv hvq|

mÿgZv ˆZwi: e¨w³ ev ms¯’vi Kvw•LZ jÿ¨ AR©‡b mnvqZvi Rb¨ Ávb, mvg_©¨, `ÿZv Ges AvPiY kw³kvjx Kiv|

wkïevÜe ¯’vb I we`¨vjq: wkïevÜe ¯’vb I we`¨vjq n‡jv †mB ¯’vb, †hLv‡b KwgDwbwU wkï‡ì jvjb cvj‡bi Dchy³ cwi‡ek m„wó K‡i I †hLv‡b wkï‡ì ¯^vaxbfv‡e †Ljv, we‡bv`b, Aemi Ges wkÿv Kvh©µ‡g AskMÖn‡Yi my‡hvM _v‡K| wkïevÜe ¯’vb wkï‡ì ¯^v¯’¨, cywó I g‡bvmvgvwRK mg_©b †hvMvq Ges Ab¨vb¨ Kvh©µg cwiPvjbv K‡i, hv wkï‡ì g‡b GKwU ¯^vfvweK mg‡qi aviYv m„wó K‡i Ges Gi avivevwnKZv eRvq iv‡L| AskMÖnYg~jK c×wZ Abyhvqx G¸‡jv cwiKíbv I cwiPvjbv Kiv nq| G¸‡jv †Kv‡bv GKwU wbw`©ó eq‡mi wkï‡ì A_ev wewfbœ eq‡mi wkï‡ì †mev cÖ`vb K‡i| Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ †_‡K c~e©ve¯’vq wd‡i hvIqvi Rb¨ wkï evÜe ¯’vb Ges we`¨vjq LyeB ¸iæZ¡c~Y©|

111

wkï myiÿv: me ai‡bi Aceënvi †hgb †kvlY, wbh©vZb, AeÁv, mwnsmZv, fq †`Lv‡bv, †hŠb nqivwb, mncvVx, wkÿK ev wkÿv m¤úwK©Z Ab¨vb¨ e¨w³‡ì †_‡K `ye©ënvi, cÖvK„wZK `y‡h©vM, A¯¿ ev ¸wj, f‚wg gvBb Ges Awe‡ùvwiZ mgiv¯¿w`, mvgwiK e¨w³eM©, µmdvqvi Ae¯’vb, ivR‰bwZK ev mvgwiK ûgwK Ges mk¯¿ evwnbx‡Z wb‡qvM †_‡K gy³|

wkï : 0 †_‡K 18 eQi eqmx mKj gvbly B wkï| 10-19 eQi eqmx‡ì wK‡kvi aiv nq hv Avevi 15-24 eQi‡K ZiæY eqmx aviYvi mv‡_ mvgÄm¨cY~ © bq (wb‡P ÔZiæYÕ Gi msÁv †`Lby )|

mk¯¿ evwnbxi mv‡_ wkïi mswkøóZv: wkï‡ì AcniY ev †Rvi c~e©K mk¯¿ evwnbxi mv‡_ m¤ú„³ ev wb‡qvM Kiv nq A_ev Zviv †¯^”Qv‡meK wn‡m‡e †hv×v‡ì mv‡_ †hvM †`q| Zviv memgq A¯¿ enb K‡i bv| Zviv n‡Z cv‡i Kzwj, ¸ßPi, iuvaybx A_ev †hŠb wbh©vZ‡bi wkKvi| Gme wkïiv wkÿvi my‡hvM †_‡K ewÂZ nq| wdwi‡q †bqv I cybtGKwÎKiY cÖwµqvi mgq Gme wkï‡ì AvbyôvwbK- DcvbyôvwbK wkÿv, wkÿv we¯Ívi, RxebgyLx wkÿv Ges KvwiMix wkÿvmn mvwe©K wkÿv Pvwn`vi cÖwZ we‡kl g‡bv‡hvM †`qv cÖ‡qvRb| †g‡q‡ì wkÿvi †ÿ‡Î we‡kl `„wó †`qv cÖ‡qvRb KviY cybe©vmb Kvh©µ‡gi mgq cÖvqkB welqwU‡K D‡cÿv Kiv nq|

eyw×e„wËK: gvbwmK cÖwµqvmg~n †hgb wPšÍvaviv, Kíbvkw³, Dcjwä, †gav, wm×všÍMÖnY, Kvh© KviY ch©v‡jvPbv Ges mgm¨v mgvavb|

KwgDwbwU wkÿv KwgwU: we`¨gvb ev beMwVZ, GwU c~‡e© cÖwZwôZ ev bZzb KwgwU hv GKwU KwgDwbwUi wkÿvi cÖ‡qvRb¸‡jv‡K wPwýZ K‡i cÖ‡qvRbxq eë¯’v MÖnY K‡i Ges wbw`©ó K‡i| g~jZ AwffveK, wkÿK, wkÿv_©x, KwgDwbwUi wewfbœ cÖwZôvb Ges †bZ…e„›`, cÖvwšÍK `j, bvMwiK mgvR msN, hyeK‡ì `j Ges ¯^v¯’¨ Kg©x‡ì cÖwZwbwa Øviv GB KwgwU MwVZ nq|

Ø›Ø-msNvZ cÖkgb: Kvh©µg Ges cÖwµqv¸‡jv n‡”Q, 1) Ø›Ø-msNv‡Zi cÖwZ ms‡e`bkxj nIqv Ges Pvc I mwnsmZvi Drm¸‡jv‡K e„w× bv Kiv| 2) Ø›Ø-msNv‡Zi KviY wPwýZKi‡Yi †Póv Ges †m wel‡q Ø›Ø-msNv‡Z m¤ú„³ e¨w³‡ì g‡bvfve cwieZ©‡bi †Póv Kiv| gvbweKZv, c~e©ve¯’vq wd‡i hvIqv I Dbœqbg~jK Kvh©µg cybtch©v‡jvPbvi gva¨‡g Ø›Ø-msNvZKvjxb mg‡q I cieZ©xKvjxb `xN©‡gqv`x kvwšÍ I w¯’wZkxjZv AR©‡b G¸‡jvi f~wgKv hvPvB Kiv DwPZ| Ø›Ø-msNvZ cÖkgb aviYvwU msNv‡Zi mgq A_ev cieZ©x mg‡q msNvZ `~ixKiY Ges ga¨¯’Zvq eënvi Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|

cÖwZeÜxZv : ˆ`wnK, gvbwmK, eyw×e„wËK A_ev ms‡e`b cÖwZeÜKZv I AvPiYMZ evav Ges Ggb cwi‡ek hv mgv‡Ri mKj gvby‡li mv‡_ mgvb my‡hv‡Mi wfwË‡Z, cwic~Y© I Zvrch©c~Y© AskMÖn‡Yi AwaKvi †_‡K ewÂZ K‡i|

112cwiwkówkÿvi b~¨bZg gvb: cÖ¯‘wZ, mvov`vb, c~e©ve¯’vq cÖZ¨veZ©‡bi cÖ‡Póv

cwiwkó 1: kã‡Kvl

AwfMg¨Zv: AwfMg¨Zv n‡”Q AvbyôvwbK ev DcvbyôvwbK wkÿvq fwZ© n‡q AskMÖnY Kiv Ges wkÿv mgvß Kivi Aeva my‡hvM| Aeva my‡hvM Gi A_© n‡”Q wkÿv_©x‡ì wkÿv Kg©m~wP‡Z AskMÖnY ev wkÿv mgvwß‡Z evavi m„wó K‡i Ggb eënvwiK, Avw_©K, kvixwiK, wbivcËvRwbZ, KvVv‡gvMZ, cÖvwZôvwbK ev mvgvwRK-mvs¯‹…wZK cÖwZeÜKZv _vK‡e bv|

Revew`wnZv: ÿwZMÖ¯Í `j¸‡jvi Pvwn`v, ÿgZv I Ae¯’v we‡ePbv K‡i KvR I wm×všÍ MÖn‡Yi e¨vL¨v n‡”Q Revew`wnZv| Avw_©K m¤ú‡ì eënvimn eë¯’vcbv cÖwµqvq ¯^”QZv I Revew`wnZv AšÍf©y³| GwU GKB mv‡_ †kvbvi AwaKvi Ges mvovcÖ`v‡bi `vwqZ¡‡K †evSvq| wkÿv‡ÿ‡Î Revew`wnZv ej‡Z gZvgZ cÖ`v‡b wkÿv_©x‡ì Ávb, `ÿZv, g‡bvfve, wkÿK‡ì AvPiY Ges we`¨vj‡qi wkÿv eë¯’vi K_v gv_vq †i‡L ¸YMZ †mev cÖ`vb Kivi `vqe×Zv‡K †evSvq|

wbiƒcY:1) Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿv Kvh©µg cwiKíbvi c~‡e© Pvwn`v wbiƒcY I mvov cÖ`v‡bi †ÿ‡Î m¤ú‡ì NvUwZ wba©vi‡Y cwiPvwjZ AbymÜvb Kvh©µg| 2) wkÿv_©x‡ì DbœwZ Ges AR©‡bi cixÿv †bqv| ÒwkL‡bi djvdj wbiƒcYÓ n‡”Q wkÿv Kg©m~wP Øviv wba©vwiZ GK ai‡bi wbiƒcY cÖwµqv| INEE Toolkit www.ineesite.org/toolkit G GK ai‡bi wbiƒcY c×wZ i‡q‡Q| †Kv‡bv we‡kl Ae¯’vq ev cwi‡e‡k cÖ‡qvRbxq Z_¨‡K cÖwZdwjZ Kivi Rb¨ wbiƒcY c×wZ me©`v cÖ‡qvM Kiv DwPZ|

mÿgZv: mÿgZv ej‡Z †evSvq e¨w³ A_ev Rb‡Mvôx, mgvR ev ms¯’vi kw³, ¸Y Ges m¤ú‡ì mgš^q hv cÖZ¨vwkZ jÿ¨ AR©‡b eënvi Kiv hvq|

mÿgZv ˆZwi: e¨w³ ev ms¯’vi Kvw•LZ jÿ¨ AR©‡b mnvqZvi Rb¨ Ávb, mvg_©¨, `ÿZv Ges AvPiY kw³kvjx Kiv|

wkïevÜe ¯’vb I we`¨vjq: wkïevÜe ¯’vb I we`¨vjq n‡jv †mB ¯’vb, †hLv‡b KwgDwbwU wkï‡ì jvjb cvj‡bi Dchy³ cwi‡ek m„wó K‡i I †hLv‡b wkï‡ì ¯^vaxbfv‡e †Ljv, we‡bv`b, Aemi Ges wkÿv Kvh©µ‡g AskMÖn‡Yi my‡hvM _v‡K| wkïevÜe ¯’vb wkï‡ì ¯^v¯’¨, cywó I g‡bvmvgvwRK mg_©b †hvMvq Ges Ab¨vb¨ Kvh©µg cwiPvjbv K‡i, hv wkï‡ì g‡b GKwU ¯^vfvweK mg‡qi aviYv m„wó K‡i Ges Gi avivevwnKZv eRvq iv‡L| AskMÖnYg~jK c×wZ Abyhvqx G¸‡jv cwiKíbv I cwiPvjbv Kiv nq| G¸‡jv †Kv‡bv GKwU wbw`©ó eq‡mi wkï‡ì A_ev wewfbœ eq‡mi wkï‡ì †mev cÖ`vb K‡i| Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ †_‡K c~e©ve¯’vq wd‡i hvIqvi Rb¨ wkï evÜe ¯’vb Ges we`¨vjq LyeB ¸iæZ¡c~Y©|

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wkï myiÿv: me ai‡bi Aceënvi †hgb †kvlY, wbh©vZb, AeÁv, mwnsmZv, fq †`Lv‡bv, †hŠb nqivwb, mncvVx, wkÿK ev wkÿv m¤úwK©Z Ab¨vb¨ e¨w³‡ì †_‡K `ye©ënvi, cÖvK„wZK `y‡h©vM, A¯¿ ev ¸wj, f‚wg gvBb Ges Awe‡ùvwiZ mgiv¯¿w`, mvgwiK e¨w³eM©, µmdvqvi Ae¯’vb, ivR‰bwZK ev mvgwiK ûgwK Ges mk¯¿ evwnbx‡Z wb‡qvM †_‡K gy³|

wkï : 0 †_‡K 18 eQi eqmx mKj gvbly B wkï| 10-19 eQi eqmx‡ì wK‡kvi aiv nq hv Avevi 15-24 eQi‡K ZiæY eqmx aviYvi mv‡_ mvgÄm¨cY~ © bq (wb‡P ÔZiæYÕ Gi msÁv †`Lby )|

mk¯¿ evwnbxi mv‡_ wkïi mswkøóZv: wkï‡ì AcniY ev †Rvi c~e©K mk¯¿ evwnbxi mv‡_ m¤ú„³ ev wb‡qvM Kiv nq A_ev Zviv †¯^”Qv‡meK wn‡m‡e †hv×v‡ì mv‡_ †hvM †`q| Zviv memgq A¯¿ enb K‡i bv| Zviv n‡Z cv‡i Kzwj, ¸ßPi, iuvaybx A_ev †hŠb wbh©vZ‡bi wkKvi| Gme wkïiv wkÿvi my‡hvM †_‡K ewÂZ nq| wdwi‡q †bqv I cybtGKwÎKiY cÖwµqvi mgq Gme wkï‡ì AvbyôvwbK- DcvbyôvwbK wkÿv, wkÿv we¯Ívi, RxebgyLx wkÿv Ges KvwiMix wkÿvmn mvwe©K wkÿv Pvwn`vi cÖwZ we‡kl g‡bv‡hvM †`qv cÖ‡qvRb| †g‡q‡ì wkÿvi †ÿ‡Î we‡kl `„wó †`qv cÖ‡qvRb KviY cybe©vmb Kvh©µ‡gi mgq cÖvqkB welqwU‡K D‡cÿv Kiv nq|

eyw×e„wËK: gvbwmK cÖwµqvmg~n †hgb wPšÍvaviv, Kíbvkw³, Dcjwä, †gav, wm×všÍMÖnY, Kvh© KviY ch©v‡jvPbv Ges mgm¨v mgvavb|

KwgDwbwU wkÿv KwgwU: we`¨gvb ev beMwVZ, GwU c~‡e© cÖwZwôZ ev bZzb KwgwU hv GKwU KwgDwbwUi wkÿvi cÖ‡qvRb¸‡jv‡K wPwýZ K‡i cÖ‡qvRbxq eë¯’v MÖnY K‡i Ges wbw`©ó K‡i| g~jZ AwffveK, wkÿK, wkÿv_©x, KwgDwbwUi wewfbœ cÖwZôvb Ges †bZ…e„›`, cÖvwšÍK `j, bvMwiK mgvR msN, hyeK‡ì `j Ges ¯^v¯’¨ Kg©x‡ì cÖwZwbwa Øviv GB KwgwU MwVZ nq|

Ø›Ø-msNvZ cÖkgb: Kvh©µg Ges cÖwµqv¸‡jv n‡”Q, 1) Ø›Ø-msNv‡Zi cÖwZ ms‡e`bkxj nIqv Ges Pvc I mwnsmZvi Drm¸‡jv‡K e„w× bv Kiv| 2) Ø›Ø-msNv‡Zi KviY wPwýZKi‡Yi †Póv Ges †m wel‡q Ø›Ø-msNv‡Z m¤ú„³ e¨w³‡ì g‡bvfve cwieZ©‡bi †Póv Kiv| gvbweKZv, c~e©ve¯’vq wd‡i hvIqv I Dbœqbg~jK Kvh©µg cybtch©v‡jvPbvi gva¨‡g Ø›Ø-msNvZKvjxb mg‡q I cieZ©xKvjxb `xN©‡gqv`x kvwšÍ I w¯’wZkxjZv AR©‡b G¸‡jvi f~wgKv hvPvB Kiv DwPZ| Ø›Ø-msNvZ cÖkgb aviYvwU msNv‡Zi mgq A_ev cieZ©x mg‡q msNvZ `~ixKiY Ges ga¨¯’Zvq eënvi Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|

cÖwZeÜxZv : ˆ`wnK, gvbwmK, eyw×e„wËK A_ev ms‡e`b cÖwZeÜKZv I AvPiYMZ evav Ges Ggb cwi‡ek hv mgv‡Ri mKj gvby‡li mv‡_ mgvb my‡hv‡Mi wfwË‡Z, cwic~Y© I Zvrch©c~Y© AskMÖn‡Yi AwaKvi †_‡K ewÂZ K‡i|

112cwiwkówkÿvi b~¨bZg gvb: cÖ¯‘wZ, mvov`vb, c~e©ve¯’vq cÖZ¨veZ©‡bi cÖ‡Póv

wew”Qbœ Z_¨: wfbœ wfbœ Dcv`vbwfwËK cwimsL¨vb Z_¨| D`vniY¯îƒc, †Kv‡bv Rb‡Mvôxi Z_¨ wbiƒc‡Yi mgq wj½, eqm Ges †fŠ‡MvwjK GjvKv Abyhvqx we‡kølY Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|

`y‡h©vM: e¨vcK gvbweK, m¤ú`MZ, Avw_©K, A_ev cwi‡ekMZ ÿqÿwZ hv mgv‡Ri ¯^vfvweK RxebhvÎv‡K e¨vnZ K‡i Ges AvµvšÍ Rb‡Mvôxi wbR¯^ m¤ú` Øviv †gvKv‡ejv Kivi mÿgZv‡K Qvwo‡q hvq|

`‡y hv© M Swyu K nv« m: Avc` n‡Z gvbly I m¤ú‡ì wec`vcbZœ v nv« m, fw~ g I cwi‡e‡ki mey ë¯v’ cbv Ges cwÖ ZKj~ cwiw¯w’ Z †gvKv‡ejvq DbZœ cÖ w‘ Zmn `‡y hv© ‡Mi KviY we‡klø Y I wbqš‡¿ Y wbqggvwdK †Póvi aviYv Ges Abky xjb|

êlg¨: m‡y hvM mwy eav, †mev cÖ vb, AwaKvi A_ev AskMnÖ ‡Yi †ÿ‡Î †RÛvi, ag,© cwiwPwZ, eqm, RvwZ, GBPAvBwf, A_ev Ab¨vb¨ bvbv welq‡K gvb`Ð a‡i wewfbœ gvb‡y li mv‡_ wfbœ wfbœ AvPiY|

`y`©kvMÖ¯ÍZv: `y`©kvMÖ¯ÍZv ej‡Z nZvk nIqv, DwØMœZv I Aw¯’iZv‡K †evSvq| KwVb Rxebgv‡bi cwi‡cÖwÿ‡Z †hgb `vwi`ª¨, NbemwZ A_ev KviI wbivcËv I ¯^vfvweK Rxebhvcb ûgwKi m¤§yLxb nIqvi m¤¢vebv _vK‡j GwU NU‡Z cv‡i|

ÔWz †bv nvg©Õ: Ggb GKwU bxwZgvjv hv Ø›Ø-msNv‡Zi NUbv N‡U‡Q ev m¤¢vebv Av‡Q Ggb ¯’v‡b gvbweK I Dbœqb Kvh©µ‡gi †bwZevPK ev BwZevPK Dfq cÖfve wPwýZ Ki‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i| cwiKíbv, cwiexÿY I g~j¨vq‡bi †h †Kv‡bv ch©v‡q GwU cÖ‡qvM Kiv hvq Z‡e mZK© _vKv cÖ‡qvRb †hb GB Kvh©µg msNv‡Zi Ae¯’v‡K AviI aŸsmvZ¥K iƒc bv w`‡q eis Ae¯’vi Dbœqb NUv‡Z mÿg nq| mvsNwl©K cwiw¯’wZ †gvKv‡ejv K‡i Ggb ms¯’v¸‡jvi Rb¨ ÒWz †bv nvg©Ó bxwZgvjvwU‡K GKwU Acwinvh© wfwË wn‡m‡e we‡ePbv Kiv nq|

cÖvK-‰kke weKvk: Ggb GKwU cÖwµqv hvi gva¨‡g †QvU wkï hv‡ì eqm 0-8 eQi Zv‡ì kvixwiK ¯^v¯’¨, gvbwmK mZK©Zv, Av‡eMxq Av¯’v, mvgvwRK mÿgZv Ges wkÿv MÖn‡Yi cÖ¯‘wZi m‡šÍvlRbK Dbœqb N‡U| GB cÖwµqvwU mvgvwRK Ges Avw_©K bxwZ I ¯^v¯’¨, cywó, cvwb, cqtwb®‹vkb, cwi”QbœZv, wkÿv Ges wkï myiÿv †mevmg~‡ni mgš^‡q MwVZ GKwU we¯Í…Z Kvh©µg Øviv mgw_©Z| Giƒc D”P gvbm¤úbœ Kvh©µ‡gi d‡j wkï Ges Zv‡ì cwievi jvfevb n‡jI myweavewÂZ `j¸‡jvB †ewk jvfevb nq|

wkÿv KZ…©cÿ: wkÿv KZ…©cÿ n‡”Q miKvi, miKv‡ii mn‡hvMx gš¿Yvjq, wefvM, cÖwZôvb Ges ms¯’v hviv wkÿvi AwaKvi wbwðZ Ki‡Z `vwqZ¡cÖvß| Zviv RvZxq, †Rjv Ges ¯’vbxq ch©v‡qi wkÿv eë¯’vi Dci KZ…©Z¡ eRvq iv‡L| †ÿÎ we‡k‡l †hLv‡b miKvwi KZ…©cÿ `vwqZ¡ cwiPvjbvq Aÿg †mLv‡b ivóªxq KZ…©cÿ bq Ggb ms¯’v †hgb GbwRI, RvwZms‡Ni wewfbœ ms¯’v¸‡jvI GB `vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡Z cv‡i|

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wkÿv Kv¬ ÷vi: wkÿv Kv¬ óvi n‡”Q wewfbœ cwÖ Zôvb I ms¯v’ i Rb¨ we‡kl AwfÁZvi Av‡jv‡K ˆZwi GKwU AvštÍ ms¯v’ mgšq cwÖ µqv Ges Af¨šiÍ xY ¯v’ b wePz wZi mgq wkÿv †ÿ‡Î gvbweKZvi mvov`v‡bi GKwU Av‡`kcÎ| AvBGGmwm (wfbœ cvZvq †`Lby ) Gi gva¨‡g 2007 mv‡j cwÖ ZwôZ wkÿv Kv¬ óvi êwkK¦ chv© ‡q BDwb‡md Ges †mf `¨v wPj‡Wbª KZK…© PvwjZ nq| †`kxq chv© ‡q Ab¨vb¨ ms¯v’ I GwU PvwjZ Ki‡Z cv‡i Ges RvZxq wkÿv gšY¿ vjq KvhK© ifv‡e Gi mv‡_ m¤ú³„ _v‡K| BDGbGBPwmAvi kiYv_x© welqK †bZZ… ¡ vbKvix ms¯v’ | wkÿv Kv¬ óvi gvbweK Riæwi cwiw¯w’ Z‡Z mvov`v‡bi mÿgZv kw³kvjx Ki‡Y `vqe×| gvbweKZvi mvov`v‡bi mgq wkÿv †ÿ‡Î m¤v¢ e¨ †bZZ… ¡ Ges Revew`wnZv wbwðZ KivI wkÿv Kv¬ óv‡ii `vwqZ|¡

Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿv: Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿv ej‡Z †evSvq msKUgq cwiw¯’wZ‡Z cÖvK-ˆkke weKvk, cÖv_wgK, gva¨wgK, DcvbyôvwbK, cÖv‡qvwMK, KvwiMwi, D”P A_ev eq¯‹ wkÿvmn me eqmx‡ì Rb¨ gvbm¤§Z wkÿvi my‡hvM| Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z `xN©‡gqv`x wkÿv ˆ`wnK, gvbwmK Ges eyw×e„wËK myiÿv cÖ`vb K‡i hv Rxeb iÿvq mnvqK nq|

wkÿv mvov`vb: Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ †_‡K c~e©ve¯’vq wd‡i Avmv ch©šÍ wkÿv my‡hvM gvby‡li wkÿvi Pvwn`v Ges AwaKvi c~iY Kivi weavb K‡i|

Riæwi Ae¯’v: GKwU KwgDwbwUi wech©¯Í cwiw¯’wZ Ges ¯^vfvweK Ae¯’vq wd‡i bv Avmv ch©šÍ Ae¯’v|

AvbyôvwbK wkÿv: ¯‹zj, K‡jR, wek¦we`¨vjq Ges Ab¨vb¨ wkÿv cÖwZôv‡b cÖPwjZ wkÿv eë¯’v| GB wkÿv eë¯’vq 5-7 eQi †_‡K ïiæ K‡i 20-25 eQi ch©šÍ wkï I bexb‡ì Rb¨ c~Y©Kvjxb wkÿvi eë¯’v _v‡K| GUv mvaviYZ RvZxq wkÿv gš¿Yvjq KZ©…K cÖYxZ nq wKš‘ Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿv mswkøó Ab¨vb¨ †÷K‡nvìviivI mnvqZv Ki‡Z cv‡i|

†RÛvi: bvix Ges cyiæ‡li f‚wgKv, `vwqZ¡ Ges cwiwPwZ I mgv‡R Zv‡ì g~j¨vqb| G welq¸‡jv wewfbœ ms¯‹„wZ‡Z we‡klfv‡e wPwýZ nq Ges mg‡qi mv‡_ mv‡_ cwiewZ©Z nq| †RÛvi cwiwPwZ wba©viY K‡i †`q †h mgvR bvix I cyiæ‡li Kv‡Q wK ai‡bi wPšÍvaviv I Kg©KvÐ cÖZ¨vkv K‡i| GB AvPiY cwievi, ¯‹zj, ag©xq wkÿv Ges wgwWqvi gva¨‡g †kLv‡bv nq| †RÛvi f~wgKv, `vwqZ¡ Ges cwiwPwZ cwiewZ©Z n‡Z cv‡i KviY G¸‡jv mgvR †_‡K Av‡m|

†RÛvi fvimvg¨: mvaviYZ mg msL¨K bvix ciy æl ev †Q‡j I †g‡q‡K †evSvq| GUv n‡Z cv‡i mg msL¨K bvix ciy æ‡li wewfbœ †ÿ‡Î AskMnÖ Y, KvR Ges wm×všÍ MnÖ Y †hLv‡b bvix ciy æl Df‡qi ¯v_,© DfqB AvMnÖ x Ges Zviv mgvbfv‡e we‡ewPZ Ges miy wÿZ| GUv n‡Z cv‡i wkÿv KZc©„ ÿ ev RvZxq I AvšRÍ v© wZK ms¯v’ q Kgi© Z bvix I ciy æl Kgx© ‡ì mgZv| we‡kl K‡i wkÿK‡ì PvKixi †ÿ‡Î GUv †ewk ¸iæZc¡ Y~ |© me‡© ÿ‡Î bvix

wkÿvi b~¨bZg gvb: cÖ¯‘wZ, mvov`vb, c~e©ve¯’vq cÖZ¨veZ©‡bi cÖ‡Póv 114cwiwkó

wew”Qbœ Z_¨: wfbœ wfbœ Dcv`vbwfwËK cwimsL¨vb Z_¨| D`vniY¯îƒc, †Kv‡bv Rb‡Mvôxi Z_¨ wbiƒc‡Yi mgq wj½, eqm Ges †fŠ‡MvwjK GjvKv Abyhvqx we‡kølY Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|

`y‡h©vM: e¨vcK gvbweK, m¤ú`MZ, Avw_©K, A_ev cwi‡ekMZ ÿqÿwZ hv mgv‡Ri ¯^vfvweK RxebhvÎv‡K e¨vnZ K‡i Ges AvµvšÍ Rb‡Mvôxi wbR¯^ m¤ú` Øviv †gvKv‡ejv Kivi mÿgZv‡K Qvwo‡q hvq|

`‡y hv© M Swyu K nv« m: Avc` n‡Z gvbly I m¤ú‡ì wec`vcbZœ v nv« m, fw~ g I cwi‡e‡ki mey ë¯v’ cbv Ges cwÖ ZKj~ cwiw¯w’ Z †gvKv‡ejvq DbZœ cÖ w‘ Zmn `‡y hv© ‡Mi KviY we‡klø Y I wbqš‡¿ Y wbqggvwdK †Póvi aviYv Ges Abky xjb|

êlg¨: m‡y hvM mwy eav, †mev cÖ vb, AwaKvi A_ev AskMnÖ ‡Yi †ÿ‡Î †RÛvi, ag,© cwiwPwZ, eqm, RvwZ, GBPAvBwf, A_ev Ab¨vb¨ bvbv welq‡K gvb`Ð a‡i wewfbœ gvb‡y li mv‡_ wfbœ wfbœ AvPiY|

`y`©kvMÖ¯ÍZv: `y`©kvMÖ¯ÍZv ej‡Z nZvk nIqv, DwØMœZv I Aw¯’iZv‡K †evSvq| KwVb Rxebgv‡bi cwi‡cÖwÿ‡Z †hgb `vwi`ª¨, NbemwZ A_ev KviI wbivcËv I ¯^vfvweK Rxebhvcb ûgwKi m¤§yLxb nIqvi m¤¢vebv _vK‡j GwU NU‡Z cv‡i|

ÔWz †bv nvg©Õ: Ggb GKwU bxwZgvjv hv Ø›Ø-msNv‡Zi NUbv N‡U‡Q ev m¤¢vebv Av‡Q Ggb ¯’v‡b gvbweK I Dbœqb Kvh©µ‡gi †bwZevPK ev BwZevPK Dfq cÖfve wPwýZ Ki‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i| cwiKíbv, cwiexÿY I g~j¨vq‡bi †h †Kv‡bv ch©v‡q GwU cÖ‡qvM Kiv hvq Z‡e mZK© _vKv cÖ‡qvRb †hb GB Kvh©µg msNv‡Zi Ae¯’v‡K AviI aŸsmvZ¥K iƒc bv w`‡q eis Ae¯’vi Dbœqb NUv‡Z mÿg nq| mvsNwl©K cwiw¯’wZ †gvKv‡ejv K‡i Ggb ms¯’v¸‡jvi Rb¨ ÒWz †bv nvg©Ó bxwZgvjvwU‡K GKwU Acwinvh© wfwË wn‡m‡e we‡ePbv Kiv nq|

cÖvK-‰kke weKvk: Ggb GKwU cÖwµqv hvi gva¨‡g †QvU wkï hv‡ì eqm 0-8 eQi Zv‡ì kvixwiK ¯^v¯’¨, gvbwmK mZK©Zv, Av‡eMxq Av¯’v, mvgvwRK mÿgZv Ges wkÿv MÖn‡Yi cÖ¯‘wZi m‡šÍvlRbK Dbœqb N‡U| GB cÖwµqvwU mvgvwRK Ges Avw_©K bxwZ I ¯^v¯’¨, cywó, cvwb, cqtwb®‹vkb, cwi”QbœZv, wkÿv Ges wkï myiÿv †mevmg~‡ni mgš^‡q MwVZ GKwU we¯Í…Z Kvh©µg Øviv mgw_©Z| Giƒc D”P gvbm¤úbœ Kvh©µ‡gi d‡j wkï Ges Zv‡ì cwievi jvfevb n‡jI myweavewÂZ `j¸‡jvB †ewk jvfevb nq|

wkÿv KZ…©cÿ: wkÿv KZ…©cÿ n‡”Q miKvi, miKv‡ii mn‡hvMx gš¿Yvjq, wefvM, cÖwZôvb Ges ms¯’v hviv wkÿvi AwaKvi wbwðZ Ki‡Z `vwqZ¡cÖvß| Zviv RvZxq, †Rjv Ges ¯’vbxq ch©v‡qi wkÿv eë¯’vi Dci KZ…©Z¡ eRvq iv‡L| †ÿÎ we‡k‡l †hLv‡b miKvwi KZ…©cÿ `vwqZ¡ cwiPvjbvq Aÿg †mLv‡b ivóªxq KZ…©cÿ bq Ggb ms¯’v †hgb GbwRI, RvwZms‡Ni wewfbœ ms¯’v¸‡jvI GB `vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡Z cv‡i|

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wkÿv Kv¬ ÷vi: wkÿv Kv¬ óvi n‡”Q wewfbœ cwÖ Zôvb I ms¯v’ i Rb¨ we‡kl AwfÁZvi Av‡jv‡K ˆZwi GKwU AvštÍ ms¯v’ mgšq cwÖ µqv Ges Af¨šiÍ xY ¯v’ b wePz wZi mgq wkÿv †ÿ‡Î gvbweKZvi mvov`v‡bi GKwU Av‡`kcÎ| AvBGGmwm (wfbœ cvZvq †`Lby ) Gi gva¨‡g 2007 mv‡j cwÖ ZwôZ wkÿv Kv¬ óvi êwkK¦ chv© ‡q BDwb‡md Ges †mf `¨v wPj‡Wbª KZK…© PvwjZ nq| †`kxq chv© ‡q Ab¨vb¨ ms¯v’ I GwU PvwjZ Ki‡Z cv‡i Ges RvZxq wkÿv gšY¿ vjq KvhK© ifv‡e Gi mv‡_ m¤ú³„ _v‡K| BDGbGBPwmAvi kiYv_x© welqK †bZZ… ¡ vbKvix ms¯v’ | wkÿv Kv¬ óvi gvbweK Riæwi cwiw¯w’ Z‡Z mvov`v‡bi mÿgZv kw³kvjx Ki‡Y `vqe×| gvbweKZvi mvov`v‡bi mgq wkÿv †ÿ‡Î m¤v¢ e¨ †bZZ… ¡ Ges Revew`wnZv wbwðZ KivI wkÿv Kv¬ óv‡ii `vwqZ|¡

Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿv: Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿv ej‡Z †evSvq msKUgq cwiw¯’wZ‡Z cÖvK-ˆkke weKvk, cÖv_wgK, gva¨wgK, DcvbyôvwbK, cÖv‡qvwMK, KvwiMwi, D”P A_ev eq¯‹ wkÿvmn me eqmx‡ì Rb¨ gvbm¤§Z wkÿvi my‡hvM| Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z `xN©‡gqv`x wkÿv ˆ`wnK, gvbwmK Ges eyw×e„wËK myiÿv cÖ`vb K‡i hv Rxeb iÿvq mnvqK nq|

wkÿv mvov`vb: Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ †_‡K c~e©ve¯’vq wd‡i Avmv ch©šÍ wkÿv my‡hvM gvby‡li wkÿvi Pvwn`v Ges AwaKvi c~iY Kivi weavb K‡i|

Riæwi Ae¯’v: GKwU KwgDwbwUi wech©¯Í cwiw¯’wZ Ges ¯^vfvweK Ae¯’vq wd‡i bv Avmv ch©šÍ Ae¯’v|

AvbyôvwbK wkÿv: ¯‹zj, K‡jR, wek¦we`¨vjq Ges Ab¨vb¨ wkÿv cÖwZôv‡b cÖPwjZ wkÿv eë¯’v| GB wkÿv eë¯’vq 5-7 eQi †_‡K ïiæ K‡i 20-25 eQi ch©šÍ wkï I bexb‡ì Rb¨ c~Y©Kvjxb wkÿvi eë¯’v _v‡K| GUv mvaviYZ RvZxq wkÿv gš¿Yvjq KZ©…K cÖYxZ nq wKš‘ Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wkÿv mswkøó Ab¨vb¨ †÷K‡nvìviivI mnvqZv Ki‡Z cv‡i|

†RÛvi: bvix Ges cyiæ‡li f‚wgKv, `vwqZ¡ Ges cwiwPwZ I mgv‡R Zv‡ì g~j¨vqb| G welq¸‡jv wewfbœ ms¯‹„wZ‡Z we‡klfv‡e wPwýZ nq Ges mg‡qi mv‡_ mv‡_ cwiewZ©Z nq| †RÛvi cwiwPwZ wba©viY K‡i †`q †h mgvR bvix I cyiæ‡li Kv‡Q wK ai‡bi wPšÍvaviv I Kg©KvÐ cÖZ¨vkv K‡i| GB AvPiY cwievi, ¯‹zj, ag©xq wkÿv Ges wgwWqvi gva¨‡g †kLv‡bv nq| †RÛvi f~wgKv, `vwqZ¡ Ges cwiwPwZ cwiewZ©Z n‡Z cv‡i KviY G¸‡jv mgvR †_‡K Av‡m|

†RÛvi fvimvg¨: mvaviYZ mg msL¨K bvix ciy æl ev †Q‡j I †g‡q‡K †evSvq| GUv n‡Z cv‡i mg msL¨K bvix ciy æ‡li wewfbœ †ÿ‡Î AskMnÖ Y, KvR Ges wm×všÍ MnÖ Y †hLv‡b bvix ciy æl Df‡qi ¯v_,© DfqB AvMnÖ x Ges Zviv mgvbfv‡e we‡ewPZ Ges miy wÿZ| GUv n‡Z cv‡i wkÿv KZc©„ ÿ ev RvZxq I AvšRÍ v© wZK ms¯v’ q Kgi© Z bvix I ciy æl Kgx© ‡ì mgZv| we‡kl K‡i wkÿK‡ì PvKixi †ÿ‡Î GUv †ewk ¸iæZc¡ Y~ |© me‡© ÿ‡Î bvix


ciy æ‡li mgZv bvix-ciy æl ev †Q‡j-†g‡q m¤úwKZ© †h †Kv‡bv Kvhµ© g ev bxwZ m¤úwKZ© Av‡jvPbv Ges bxwZi cfÖ ve wPwýZKi‡Y AwaKZi m¤v¢ ebv mw„ ó Ki‡Z cv‡i|

†RÛvi mwnsmZv: †RÛvi msµvšÍ cv_©‡Kï Kvi‡Y m„ó msNvZ A‡bK †ÿ‡Î mgv‡R gh©v`vMZ wb¤œ Ae¯’v‡bi Kvi‡Y bvixiv mwnsmZvi wkKvi nIqvi †ÿ‡Î †ewk wec`vcbœ _v‡K| cyiæl Ges †Q‡jivI AvµvšÍ n‡Z cv‡i, we‡klK‡i †hŠb mwnsmZvi wkKvi n‡Z cv‡i| †RÛvi mwnsmZvi aib I we¯Ívi ms¯‹…wZ, †`k I GjvKv‡f‡` wfbœ n‡Z cv‡i| D`vniY¯îƒc,

†hŠb mwnsmZv †hgb †hŠb wbh©vZb Ges Aceënvi, †Rvic~e©K cwZZve„wË Ges †Rvic~e©K evj¨ weevn|

M„n Ges cvwievwiK mwnsmZv hvi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q kvixwiK, gvbwmK Ges Av‡eMMZ Aceënvi|

ÿwZKi mvs¯‹…wZK A_ev HwZnëvnx PP©v †hgb bvixi †hŠbv½nvbx, m¤§vb iÿvq bvix nZ¨v Ges weaev bvixi mv‡_ DËivwaKvi m~‡Î g„Z ¯^vgxi cwiev‡ii Ab¨ cyiæ‡li mv‡_ weevn|

Avc`: GKwU m¤¢ve¨ aŸsmvZ¥K NUbv, welq A_ev gvby‡li Kvh©µg, hv gvby‡li nZvn‡Zi KviY n‡Z cv‡i, m¤ú‡ì ÿwZ Ki‡Z cv‡i, mvgvwRK Ges A_©‰bwZK Kvh©µg‡K e¨vnZ K‡i A_ev cwi‡ek wech©q NUv‡Z mÿg| Avc` cÖvK…wZK ev gvbem„ó A_ev `y‡qi mgš^‡qI m„wó n‡Z cv‡i| †Kv‡bv Avc‡ì SzuwK KZLvwb Zv wbf©i K‡i GwUi aib, †Kv_vq, KLb msNwUZ Ges KZ mgq e¨vcx ¯’vqx Zvi Ici| D`vniY¯îƒc †Kv‡bv giæf‚wg AÂ‡j GKwU †QvU f‚wgK¤ú GK kZ eQ‡i GKevi AvNvZ K‡i Zv gvby‡li Rb¨ Kg SzuwKc~Y©| wKš‘ knivÂ‡j hw` 48 N›Uvi g‡a¨ eb¨v n‡q 3 wgUvi cvwb R‡g hvq Ges Zv hw` 5- 10 eQ‡i GKevi nq Zvn‡j Zvi m¤¢ve¨Zv †ewk Ges Zvi Rb¨ cÖkgb Kvh©µ‡gi cÖ‡qvRb n‡e|

GBPAvBwf cÖwZ‡iva, wPwKrmv, †mev Ges mn‡hvwMZv: bZzbfv‡e GBPAvBwf‡Z AvµvšÍ †ivMxi msL¨v Kgv‡bv Ges AvµvšÍ‡ì I ÿwZMÖ¯Í‡ì Dci GBPAvBwf Ges GBWm Gi cÖfve wbY©q Ki‡Z AvPiYMZ, b¨vqmsMZ, KvVv‡gvMZ Ges wPwKrmv m¤úwK©Z c`‡ÿ‡ci mgš^q cÖ‡qvRb | AvµvšÍ nIqvi SuywK Kv‡ì me‡P‡q †ewk Ges wK ai‡bi AvPiY bZzb AvµvšÍ‡ì nvi e„w× Ki‡Z cv‡i-Giƒc gnvgvix m¤úwK©Z GKwU we¯Í…Z aviYvi wfwË‡Z GBPAvBwf cÖwZ‡iva, wPwKrmv, †mev Ges mn‡hvwMZv MÖnY Kiv DwPZ| Gi g‡a¨ me‡P‡q SzuwKc~Y© AvPiY¸‡jv n‡jv cyiæl n‡q cyiæ‡li mv‡_ †hŠb m¤úK©; Bb‡RKk‡bi gva¨‡g gv`K MÖnY, WªvM †bqv, A_© ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv e¯‘i wewbg‡q †hŠb m¤úK© ¯’vcb K‡i; mgKvwgZv; Amg eqmx m¤úK© BZ¨vw`| mvgvwRK A_©‰bwZK PvjKmg~n GBPAvBwf cÖwZ‡iva, wPwKrmv †mev Ges mn‡hvwMZvq cÖfve †d‡j|

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gvbevwaKvi: gvbevwaKvi n‡”Q gh©v`vi mv‡_ Rxebavi‡Yi wbðqZv| gvbevwaKvi me©Rbxb Ges Awe‡”Q`¨; hv KvD‡K †`qv hvq bv ev KviI †_‡K wb‡qI †bqv hvq bv| Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z gvby‡li g~j AwaKvi †hgb êlg¨ bv Kiv, myiÿv I Rxe‡bi AwaKvi Ges AMÖvwaKvi BZ¨vwì Ici †Rvi †`qv nq ZLb gvby‡li AwaKvimg~‡ni ev¯Íevqb wbf©i K‡i m¤ú‡ì mnRjf¨Zvi Ici| myiÿv, êlg¨nxbZv Ges †eu‡P _vKvi Rb¨ wkÿv GKwU Ab¨Zg DcKiY e‡j G‡K g~j gvbevwaKvi wn‡m‡e MY¨ Ki‡Z n‡e| AvšÍR©vwZK gvbevwaKvi AvBb n‡”Q AvšÍR©vwZK AvBbx Pzw³mn Ges gvbwba©viK gvbmg~n †h¸‡jv Riæwi cwiw¯’wZmn mKj mg‡q iv‡óª gvby‡li AwaKv‡ii m¤§vb iÿv, myiÿv cÖ`vb Ges AwaKvi cyi‡Y iv‡óªi `vqe×Zv‡K cÖKvk K‡i| msN‡l©i mgq AvšÍR©vwZK gvbweK Ges Aciva AvBbI cÖ‡qvM Kiv nq| GB Pzw³ I gvbmg~n kÎæZv Aemvb, Rbmvavi‡Yi myiÿv Ges iv‡óªi c‡ÿ P¨v‡j‡Äi mv‡_ KvR K‡i Ggb wb‡ew`ZcÖvY Kg©x‡ì gv‡S `vwqZ¡ eÈb K‡i| wbcxob I mk¯¿ msNv‡Zi k¼v we‡ePbvq kiYv_©x AvB‡bi gva¨‡g AvšÍR©vwZK mxgvbvi evB‡i ¯’vbPz¨Z gvbyl‡ì cÖwZ miKv‡ii `vqe×Zv wbwðZ Kiv n‡q‡Q|

GKxf~Z wkÿveë¯’v: GKxf~Z wkÿveë¯’v n‡”Q wkÿvi my‡hv‡Mi †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡Z¨K gvby‡li Dcw¯’wZ, AskMÖnY I AR©‡bi wbðqZv| wewfbœ †cÖÿvc‡U mK‡ji Rb¨ wkÿvbxwZ, Abykxjb, my‡hvM myweavi cÖwZ mvovcÖ`vbI Gi AšÍf©y³| êlg¨, cÖwZeÜKZv `~i Ki‡Z mvg‡_©ï Afve A_ev fvlvi eënvi,cvV¨m~wP A_ev wkLb c×wZ hv cÖ‡Z¨K wkÿv_©xi Rb¨ myweavRbK bq, G¸‡jvi Kvi‡Y wkÿv †_‡K wePy¨wZ N‡U| kvixwiK, Abyf~wZ, gvbwmK I eyw×e„wËK cÖwZeÜKZv m¤úbœ gvby‡liv me‡P‡q †ewk wkÿv †_‡K ewÂZ n‡”Q| wePy¨wZi †ÿ‡Î Riæwi Ae¯’vi cÖfve i‡q‡Q| hviv Av‡M †_‡KB wkÿvi my‡hvM †c‡q G‡m‡Q ZvivI wewfbœ cwi‡ekMZ, mvgvwRK, mvs¯‹…wZK, kvixwiK A_ev KvVv‡gvMZ Kvi‡Y wkÿv †_‡K ewÂZ n‡Z cv‡i| GKxf~Z wkÿvi A_© GB wbðqZv cÖ`vb Kiv †h AskMÖnY I wkL‡bi †ÿ‡Î †h D‡jøwLZ evav¸‡jv i‡q‡Q Zv `~i n‡e Ges GB wkÿv c×wZ I wkÿvm~wP cÖwZeÜx wkÿv_©x‡ì Rb¨ h_v_© I my‡hvM m„wóKvix n‡e hv‡Z K‡i mKj gvbyl DbœwZ Kivi Rb¨ DrmvwnZ Ges mgw_©Z nq Ges Zv‡ì e¨w³MZ cÖ‡qvRb¸‡jv‡K wPwýZ Kiv nq |

Z_¨ eë¯’vcbv: cÖ‡qvRb, mÿgZv Ges Kvh©cwiwPwZi wbiƒcY AšÍf©y³ Kiv Ges cwiexÿY I g~j¨vq‡bi mshyw³, DcvË msiÿY, DcvË we‡kølY Ges Z_¨ Av`vb cÖ`v‡bi eë¯’v| †Kv‡bv NUbvi eY©bv ev Z_¨ msMÖn Ki‡Z n‡e, cÖwµqv wK n‡e Ges Z‡_ï Av`vb cÖ`vb Kvi mv‡_, KLb, †Kvb D‡Ï‡k¨ Ges wKfv‡e n‡e G m¤úwK©Z wm×všÍ MÖn‡Y Z_¨ eë¯’vcbv c×wZ I eë¯’v †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì mnvqZv K‡i|

wkÿv `vb I wkLb cÖwµqv: wkÿv_©x I wkÿ‡Ki g‡a¨ cvi¯úwiK wg_w®Œqv| cvV cwiKíbv Kiv nq cvV¨m~wP Abyhvqx I wbiƒc‡Yi gva¨‡g Pvwn`v wPwýZ K‡i Ges wkÿK‡ì cÖwkÿ‡Yi gva¨‡g Zv m¤¢eci K‡i †Zvjv nq| wkÿv_©x †Kw›`ªK,


ciy æ‡li mgZv bvix-ciy æl ev †Q‡j-†g‡q m¤úwKZ© †h †Kv‡bv Kvhµ© g ev bxwZ m¤úwKZ© Av‡jvPbv Ges bxwZi cfÖ ve wPwýZKi‡Y AwaKZi m¤v¢ ebv mw„ ó Ki‡Z cv‡i|

†RÛvi mwnsmZv: †RÛvi msµvšÍ cv_©‡Kï Kvi‡Y m„ó msNvZ A‡bK †ÿ‡Î mgv‡R gh©v`vMZ wb¤œ Ae¯’v‡bi Kvi‡Y bvixiv mwnsmZvi wkKvi nIqvi †ÿ‡Î †ewk wec`vcbœ _v‡K| cyiæl Ges †Q‡jivI AvµvšÍ n‡Z cv‡i, we‡klK‡i †hŠb mwnsmZvi wkKvi n‡Z cv‡i| †RÛvi mwnsmZvi aib I we¯Ívi ms¯‹…wZ, †`k I GjvKv‡f‡` wfbœ n‡Z cv‡i| D`vniY¯îƒc,

†hŠb mwnsmZv †hgb †hŠb wbh©vZb Ges Aceënvi, †Rvic~e©K cwZZve„wË Ges †Rvic~e©K evj¨ weevn|

M„n Ges cvwievwiK mwnsmZv hvi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q kvixwiK, gvbwmK Ges Av‡eMMZ Aceënvi|

ÿwZKi mvs¯‹…wZK A_ev HwZnëvnx PP©v †hgb bvixi †hŠbv½nvbx, m¤§vb iÿvq bvix nZ¨v Ges weaev bvixi mv‡_ DËivwaKvi m~‡Î g„Z ¯^vgxi cwiev‡ii Ab¨ cyiæ‡li mv‡_ weevn|

Avc`: GKwU m¤¢ve¨ aŸsmvZ¥K NUbv, welq A_ev gvby‡li Kvh©µg, hv gvby‡li nZvn‡Zi KviY n‡Z cv‡i, m¤ú‡ì ÿwZ Ki‡Z cv‡i, mvgvwRK Ges A_©‰bwZK Kvh©µg‡K e¨vnZ K‡i A_ev cwi‡ek wech©q NUv‡Z mÿg| Avc` cÖvK…wZK ev gvbem„ó A_ev `y‡qi mgš^‡qI m„wó n‡Z cv‡i| †Kv‡bv Avc‡ì SzuwK KZLvwb Zv wbf©i K‡i GwUi aib, †Kv_vq, KLb msNwUZ Ges KZ mgq e¨vcx ¯’vqx Zvi Ici| D`vniY¯îƒc †Kv‡bv giæf‚wg AÂ‡j GKwU †QvU f‚wgK¤ú GK kZ eQ‡i GKevi AvNvZ K‡i Zv gvby‡li Rb¨ Kg SzuwKc~Y©| wKš‘ knivÂ‡j hw` 48 N›Uvi g‡a¨ eb¨v n‡q 3 wgUvi cvwb R‡g hvq Ges Zv hw` 5- 10 eQ‡i GKevi nq Zvn‡j Zvi m¤¢ve¨Zv †ewk Ges Zvi Rb¨ cÖkgb Kvh©µ‡gi cÖ‡qvRb n‡e|

GBPAvBwf cÖwZ‡iva, wPwKrmv, †mev Ges mn‡hvwMZv: bZzbfv‡e GBPAvBwf‡Z AvµvšÍ †ivMxi msL¨v Kgv‡bv Ges AvµvšÍ‡ì I ÿwZMÖ¯Í‡ì Dci GBPAvBwf Ges GBWm Gi cÖfve wbY©q Ki‡Z AvPiYMZ, b¨vqmsMZ, KvVv‡gvMZ Ges wPwKrmv m¤úwK©Z c`‡ÿ‡ci mgš^q cÖ‡qvRb | AvµvšÍ nIqvi SuywK Kv‡ì me‡P‡q †ewk Ges wK ai‡bi AvPiY bZzb AvµvšÍ‡ì nvi e„w× Ki‡Z cv‡i-Giƒc gnvgvix m¤úwK©Z GKwU we¯Í…Z aviYvi wfwË‡Z GBPAvBwf cÖwZ‡iva, wPwKrmv, †mev Ges mn‡hvwMZv MÖnY Kiv DwPZ| Gi g‡a¨ me‡P‡q SzuwKc~Y© AvPiY¸‡jv n‡jv cyiæl n‡q cyiæ‡li mv‡_ †hŠb m¤úK©; Bb‡RKk‡bi gva¨‡g gv`K MÖnY, WªvM †bqv, A_© ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv e¯‘i wewbg‡q †hŠb m¤úK© ¯’vcb K‡i; mgKvwgZv; Amg eqmx m¤úK© BZ¨vw`| mvgvwRK A_©‰bwZK PvjKmg~n GBPAvBwf cÖwZ‡iva, wPwKrmv †mev Ges mn‡hvwMZvq cÖfve †d‡j|

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gvbevwaKvi: gvbevwaKvi n‡”Q gh©v`vi mv‡_ Rxebavi‡Yi wbðqZv| gvbevwaKvi me©Rbxb Ges Awe‡”Q`¨; hv KvD‡K †`qv hvq bv ev KviI †_‡K wb‡qI †bqv hvq bv| Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z gvby‡li g~j AwaKvi †hgb êlg¨ bv Kiv, myiÿv I Rxe‡bi AwaKvi Ges AMÖvwaKvi BZ¨vwì Ici †Rvi †`qv nq ZLb gvby‡li AwaKvimg~‡ni ev¯Íevqb wbf©i K‡i m¤ú‡ì mnRjf¨Zvi Ici| myiÿv, êlg¨nxbZv Ges †eu‡P _vKvi Rb¨ wkÿv GKwU Ab¨Zg DcKiY e‡j G‡K g~j gvbevwaKvi wn‡m‡e MY¨ Ki‡Z n‡e| AvšÍR©vwZK gvbevwaKvi AvBb n‡”Q AvšÍR©vwZK AvBbx Pzw³mn Ges gvbwba©viK gvbmg~n †h¸‡jv Riæwi cwiw¯’wZmn mKj mg‡q iv‡óª gvby‡li AwaKv‡ii m¤§vb iÿv, myiÿv cÖ`vb Ges AwaKvi cyi‡Y iv‡óªi `vqe×Zv‡K cÖKvk K‡i| msN‡l©i mgq AvšÍR©vwZK gvbweK Ges Aciva AvBbI cÖ‡qvM Kiv nq| GB Pzw³ I gvbmg~n kÎæZv Aemvb, Rbmvavi‡Yi myiÿv Ges iv‡óªi c‡ÿ P¨v‡j‡Äi mv‡_ KvR K‡i Ggb wb‡ew`ZcÖvY Kg©x‡ì gv‡S `vwqZ¡ eÈb K‡i| wbcxob I mk¯¿ msNv‡Zi k¼v we‡ePbvq kiYv_©x AvB‡bi gva¨‡g AvšÍR©vwZK mxgvbvi evB‡i ¯’vbPz¨Z gvbyl‡ì cÖwZ miKv‡ii `vqe×Zv wbwðZ Kiv n‡q‡Q|

GKxf~Z wkÿveë¯’v: GKxf~Z wkÿveë¯’v n‡”Q wkÿvi my‡hv‡Mi †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡Z¨K gvby‡li Dcw¯’wZ, AskMÖnY I AR©‡bi wbðqZv| wewfbœ †cÖÿvc‡U mK‡ji Rb¨ wkÿvbxwZ, Abykxjb, my‡hvM myweavi cÖwZ mvovcÖ`vbI Gi AšÍf©y³| êlg¨, cÖwZeÜKZv `~i Ki‡Z mvg‡_©ï Afve A_ev fvlvi eënvi,cvV¨m~wP A_ev wkLb c×wZ hv cÖ‡Z¨K wkÿv_©xi Rb¨ myweavRbK bq, G¸‡jvi Kvi‡Y wkÿv †_‡K wePy¨wZ N‡U| kvixwiK, Abyf~wZ, gvbwmK I eyw×e„wËK cÖwZeÜKZv m¤úbœ gvby‡liv me‡P‡q †ewk wkÿv †_‡K ewÂZ n‡”Q| wePy¨wZi †ÿ‡Î Riæwi Ae¯’vi cÖfve i‡q‡Q| hviv Av‡M †_‡KB wkÿvi my‡hvM †c‡q G‡m‡Q ZvivI wewfbœ cwi‡ekMZ, mvgvwRK, mvs¯‹…wZK, kvixwiK A_ev KvVv‡gvMZ Kvi‡Y wkÿv †_‡K ewÂZ n‡Z cv‡i| GKxf~Z wkÿvi A_© GB wbðqZv cÖ`vb Kiv †h AskMÖnY I wkL‡bi †ÿ‡Î †h D‡jøwLZ evav¸‡jv i‡q‡Q Zv `~i n‡e Ges GB wkÿv c×wZ I wkÿvm~wP cÖwZeÜx wkÿv_©x‡ì Rb¨ h_v_© I my‡hvM m„wóKvix n‡e hv‡Z K‡i mKj gvbyl DbœwZ Kivi Rb¨ DrmvwnZ Ges mgw_©Z nq Ges Zv‡ì e¨w³MZ cÖ‡qvRb¸‡jv‡K wPwýZ Kiv nq |

Z_¨ eë¯’vcbv: cÖ‡qvRb, mÿgZv Ges Kvh©cwiwPwZi wbiƒcY AšÍf©y³ Kiv Ges cwiexÿY I g~j¨vq‡bi mshyw³, DcvË msiÿY, DcvË we‡kølY Ges Z_¨ Av`vb cÖ`v‡bi eë¯’v| †Kv‡bv NUbvi eY©bv ev Z_¨ msMÖn Ki‡Z n‡e, cÖwµqv wK n‡e Ges Z‡_ï Av`vb cÖ`vb Kvi mv‡_, KLb, †Kvb D‡Ï‡k¨ Ges wKfv‡e n‡e G m¤úwK©Z wm×všÍ MÖn‡Y Z_¨ eë¯’vcbv c×wZ I eë¯’v †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì mnvqZv K‡i|

wkÿv `vb I wkLb cÖwµqv: wkÿv_©x I wkÿ‡Ki g‡a¨ cvi¯úwiK wg_w®Œqv| cvV cwiKíbv Kiv nq cvV¨m~wP Abyhvqx I wbiƒc‡Yi gva¨‡g Pvwn`v wPwýZ K‡i Ges wkÿK‡ì cÖwkÿ‡Yi gva¨‡g Zv m¤¢eci K‡i †Zvjv nq| wkÿv_©x †Kw›`ªK,


AskMÖnYg~jK I GKxf~Z wkÿv `vb I wkLb cÖwµqv, wkÿv mieivn I mnvqZvq e„nËi KwgDwbwU‡K m¤ú„³ K‡i|

AvšÍtms¯’v ¯’vqx KwgwU (AvBGGmwm): AvšÍtms¯’v ¯’vqx KwgwU (AvBGGmwm) n‡”Q gvbweK mnvqZvq mgš^q, bxwZgvjv cÖbqY Ges wm×všÍ MÖn‡Yi Rb¨ ˆZwi GKwU AvšÍtms¯’v †dvivg| gvbweK mnvqZv‡K kw³kvjx Kivi Rb¨ RvwZms‡Ni mvaviY cwil‡ì cÖ¯Ívebvi †cÖwÿ‡Z 1992 mv‡j AvBGGmwm cÖwZwôZ nq| AvBGGmwm Gi g‡a¨ AšÍf©y³ i‡q‡Q RvwZms‡Ni g~j Ges RvwZms‡Ni AvIZvfz³ bq Ggb gvbweK mn‡hvMx ms¯’v¸‡jv|

Af¨šÍixYfv‡e ev¯‘Py¨Z e¨w³ (AvBwWwc): Ggb †Kv‡bv gvbyl †h Zvi wbR¯^ GjvKv Qvo‡Z eva¨ nq Ges †`‡ki g‡a¨B wbivc` AvkÖ‡qi mÜvb K‡i †hme Kvi‡Y kiYv_©x ˆZwi nq †mme Kvi‡YI AvBwWwcGm NU‡Z cv‡i †hgb mk¯¿ msNvZ, `y‡h©vM, mvaviY msNl© A_ev gvbevwaKvi j•Nb| hwÌ AvBbMZfv‡e Zviv Zv‡ì wb‡R‡ì miKv‡ii myiÿvi g‡a¨ AšÍf©y³ _vK‡e e‡j g‡b Kiv nq wKš‘ GgbI n‡Z cv‡i †h Zv‡ì ev¯‘Pz¨wZi †cQ‡b miKvwi Kvh©µgB `vqx| bvMwiK wn‡m‡e Zv‡ì myiÿvmn Ab¨vb¨ AwaKvi gvbevwaKvi AvBb Ges AvšÍ©©RvwZK AvB‡bi gva¨‡g msiÿY Kiv nq|

wkÿv_©x: wkï, bexb Ges eq¯‹ mKj RbMY hviv wkÿv Kg©m~wP‡Z AskMÖnY K‡i ZvivB wkÿv_©x| we`¨vj‡q AvbyôvwbK wkÿvq AskMÖnYKvix, cÖhyw³MZ I KvwiMix wkÿvi wkÿvbwek Ges cÖwkÿY Kg©m~wP I DcvbyôvwbK wkÿvq AskMÖnY †hgb mvÿiZv I MYbv wkÿv, KwgDwbwU‡Z Rxeb avi‡Yi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq wkÿv Ges mnwkÿvq AskMÖnYKvix wkÿv_©x mevB Gi AvIZvf~³|

wkL‡bi djvdj: Ávb, AvPiY, `ÿZv Ges ÿgZv hv wkÿv_©xiv wkÿv Kvh©µ‡g AskMÖn‡Yi gva¨‡g AR©b K‡i| wkÿY I wkLb cÖwµqvi d‡j wkÿv_©x‡ì ÔwK Rvbv DwPZ Ges Zviv wK Kivi ÿgZv iv‡LÕ GwUB wkLb djvdj|

wkÿvi ¯’vb: wkÿvi ¯’vb n‡”Q †kLvi RvqMv|

wkÿvi RvqMv: Ggb ¯’vb †hLv‡b wkÿv Kvh©µg I wkÿv`vb cwiPvwjZ nq| D`vniY¯îƒc ejv hvq e¨w³MZ evwo, wkï hZœ †K›`ª, cÖvK we`¨vjq, A¯’vqx AeKvVv‡gv Ges we`¨vjqmg~n|

Rxeb `ÿZv: BwZevPK AvPiYMZ `ÿZv I mvg_©¨ hv cÖwZwU e¨w³‡K ˆ`bw›`b Rxe‡bi Pvwn`v I P¨v‡jÄ Kvh©Kifv‡e †gvKv‡ejv Ki‡Z mnvqZv K‡i| G¸‡jv gvbyl wn‡m‡e I mgv‡Ri m`m¨ wn‡m‡e gvbyl‡K wPšÍv, Abyfe, KvR Ges cvi¯úwiK †hvMv‡hv‡M mnvqZv K‡i| Rxeb `ÿZv wZbwU AvšÍtm¤úwK©Z wefvM wb‡q ˆZwi : eyw×e„wËK, e¨w³MZ ev Av‡eMxq, Ges AvšÍte¨w³MZ A_ev mgvR m¤úwK©Z| Rxeb `ÿZv n‡Z cv‡i mvaviY: D`vniY¯îƒc Z_¨ we‡kølY I eënvi, Ab¨vb¨‡ì mv‡_ mdj †hvMv‡hvM

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Ges wµqv cÖwZwµqv| Rxeb `ÿZv wbw`©ó †ÿÎ †Kw›`ªKI n‡Z cv‡i, †hgb- SuywKnªvm, cwi‡ek myiÿv, ¯^v¯’¨‡mev, GBPAvBwf cÖwZ‡iva, mwnsmZv cÖwZ‡iva A_ev kvwšÍ ¯’vcb| msKUc~Y© Ae¯’vq Rxeb `ÿZv e„w× Kivi cÖ‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i, †h †ÿ‡Î ¯’vbxq †cÖÿvc‡U Ges Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z cÖvmw½K I cÖv‡qvwMK Rxeb `ÿZv ˆZwii cÖwZ †Rvi †`qv Avek¨K|

Rxeb RxweKv: Rxeb RxweKv n‡”Q Rxeb avi‡Yi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq mvg_¨©, m¤ú`, my‡hvM Ges Kvh©µg| Avw_©K, cÖvK…wZK, †fŠZ, mvgvwRK Ges gvbem¤ú` m¤ú‡ì AšÍf©y³| D`vniY¯îƒc †`vKvb, Rwg, Ges evRvi A_ev cwienb eë¯’vq cÖ‡ekvwaKv‡ii my‡hvM| GKwU Rxeb RxweKv ZLbB †UKmB n‡e hLb GwU Pvc Ges AwfNv‡Zi mv‡_ gvwb‡q wb‡Z cvi‡e Ges msKU KvwU‡q c~e©ve¯’vq wd‡i Avm‡Z cvi‡e, mvg_¨© I m¤ú` e„w× Ki‡Z cvi‡e Ges cieZ©x cÖR‡b¥i Rb¨ †UKmB Rxeb RxweKvi my‡hvM K‡i w`‡Z cvi‡e|

DcvbyôvwbK wkÿv: DcvbyôvwbK wkÿv Kvh©µg AvbyôvwbK wkÿvi gZ bq (AvbyôvwbK wkÿvi msÁv †`Lyb)| DcvbyôvwbK wkÿv we`¨vjq-KvVv‡gv c×wZi evB‡i I wfZ‡i Dfq RvqMvq cwiPvwjZ nq Ges me eqmx‡ìB G‡Z AskMÖn‡Yi my‡hvM _v‡K| GwU memgq wkÿvi cÖZ¨qb cvIqvi Rb¨ nqbv| DcvbyôvwbK wkÿv Kg©m~wP wkï I eq¯‹‡ì bZzb wkÿv Pvwn`vq `ªæZ mvov †`qvi wfbœZv, bgbxqZv Ges mvg_©¨ Øviv we‡klfv‡e wPwýZ| GB wkÿv g~jZ we‡kl `‡ji Rb¨ cÖYqb Kiv nq hv‡ì eqm AvbyôvwbK wkÿv MÖn‡Yi eqm †_‡K †ewk, hviv AvbyôvwbK wkÿv MÖnY K‡iwb A_ev eq¯‹ e¨w³| AvbyôvwbK wkÿvi cvV¨m~wP A_ev bZzb c×wZi gva¨‡g GB cvV¨m~wP ˆZwi Kiv nq| †hgb `ªæZ ÔK¨vP AvcÕ (weiwZ c~iY) wkÿv, K¬vm cieZ©x wkÿv, mvÿiZv Ges MYbv wkÿv| DcvbyôvwbK wkÿv AvbyôvwbK wkÿvq wkÿv_©xi AskMÖnY‡K wejw¤^Z K‡i| G‡K Ôwkÿvi wØZxq my‡hvMÕI ejv n‡q _v‡K|

AskMÖnY: AskMÖnY n‡”Q cÖwµqv, wm×všÍ Ges Kvh©µ‡g cÖfve †d‡j Ggb wKQz‡Z m¤ú„³ nIqv| KwgDwbwU I Dbœqb Kg©m~wP‡Z AskMÖnY mevi Rb¨ GKwU AwaKvi Ges KvR Kivi g~j wfwË| we`¨gvb mvg_¨© Abyhvqx AskMÖnY wfbœ wfbœ nq| eq¯‹, wkï, bexb, cÖwZeÜx e¨w³ Ges wec`vcbœ `‡ji m`m¨mn cÖ‡Z¨K `j cÖv_wgK ch©vq †_‡KB wewfbœfv‡e AskMÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡i| hv‡ì Kv‡Q †cuŠQv‡bv KwVb ev hv‡ì mv‡_ KvR Kiv KwVb †miKg `j¸‡jv‡KI AskMÖn‡Yi my‡hvM †_‡K ewÂZ Kiv hv‡e bv| AskMÖn‡Yi welqwU Hw”QK| RbmvaviY‡K AskMÖn‡Yi Rb¨ Avgš¿Y Rvbv‡Z n‡e I DrmvwnZ Ki‡Z n‡e, wKš‘ Zv‡ì Dci †Rvi LvUv‡bv ev Zv‡ì gZvgZ‡K cÖfvweZ Kiv hv‡ebv| AskMÖnY Kv‡Ri e¨vcKZv I cÖ‡Póv‡K AšÍf©y³ Ki‡Z cv‡i| †mevi eënvi, e¯‘MZ m¤ú‡ì Ae`vb, Ab¨‡ì wm×všÍ‡K MÖnY Ges b~¨bZg civgk© BZ¨vw` c‡ivÿ f~wgKvi g‡a¨ AšÍf©y³| Kvh©Ki AskMÖn‡Yi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q mgq †`qv, wm×všÍ MÖnY I cwiKíbv cÖYq‡Y mivmwi AskMÖnY Ges wkÿv Kvh©µg ev¯Íevqb|


AskMÖnYg~jK I GKxf~Z wkÿv `vb I wkLb cÖwµqv, wkÿv mieivn I mnvqZvq e„nËi KwgDwbwU‡K m¤ú„³ K‡i|

AvšÍtms¯’v ¯’vqx KwgwU (AvBGGmwm): AvšÍtms¯’v ¯’vqx KwgwU (AvBGGmwm) n‡”Q gvbweK mnvqZvq mgš^q, bxwZgvjv cÖbqY Ges wm×všÍ MÖn‡Yi Rb¨ ˆZwi GKwU AvšÍtms¯’v †dvivg| gvbweK mnvqZv‡K kw³kvjx Kivi Rb¨ RvwZms‡Ni mvaviY cwil‡ì cÖ¯Ívebvi †cÖwÿ‡Z 1992 mv‡j AvBGGmwm cÖwZwôZ nq| AvBGGmwm Gi g‡a¨ AšÍf©y³ i‡q‡Q RvwZms‡Ni g~j Ges RvwZms‡Ni AvIZvfz³ bq Ggb gvbweK mn‡hvMx ms¯’v¸‡jv|

Af¨šÍixYfv‡e ev¯‘Py¨Z e¨w³ (AvBwWwc): Ggb †Kv‡bv gvbyl †h Zvi wbR¯^ GjvKv Qvo‡Z eva¨ nq Ges †`‡ki g‡a¨B wbivc` AvkÖ‡qi mÜvb K‡i †hme Kvi‡Y kiYv_©x ˆZwi nq †mme Kvi‡YI AvBwWwcGm NU‡Z cv‡i †hgb mk¯¿ msNvZ, `y‡h©vM, mvaviY msNl© A_ev gvbevwaKvi j•Nb| hwÌ AvBbMZfv‡e Zviv Zv‡ì wb‡R‡ì miKv‡ii myiÿvi g‡a¨ AšÍf©y³ _vK‡e e‡j g‡b Kiv nq wKš‘ GgbI n‡Z cv‡i †h Zv‡ì ev¯‘Pz¨wZi †cQ‡b miKvwi Kvh©µgB `vqx| bvMwiK wn‡m‡e Zv‡ì myiÿvmn Ab¨vb¨ AwaKvi gvbevwaKvi AvBb Ges AvšÍ©©RvwZK AvB‡bi gva¨‡g msiÿY Kiv nq|

wkÿv_©x: wkï, bexb Ges eq¯‹ mKj RbMY hviv wkÿv Kg©m~wP‡Z AskMÖnY K‡i ZvivB wkÿv_©x| we`¨vj‡q AvbyôvwbK wkÿvq AskMÖnYKvix, cÖhyw³MZ I KvwiMix wkÿvi wkÿvbwek Ges cÖwkÿY Kg©m~wP I DcvbyôvwbK wkÿvq AskMÖnY †hgb mvÿiZv I MYbv wkÿv, KwgDwbwU‡Z Rxeb avi‡Yi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq wkÿv Ges mnwkÿvq AskMÖnYKvix wkÿv_©x mevB Gi AvIZvf~³|

wkL‡bi djvdj: Ávb, AvPiY, `ÿZv Ges ÿgZv hv wkÿv_©xiv wkÿv Kvh©µ‡g AskMÖn‡Yi gva¨‡g AR©b K‡i| wkÿY I wkLb cÖwµqvi d‡j wkÿv_©x‡ì ÔwK Rvbv DwPZ Ges Zviv wK Kivi ÿgZv iv‡LÕ GwUB wkLb djvdj|

wkÿvi ¯’vb: wkÿvi ¯’vb n‡”Q †kLvi RvqMv|

wkÿvi RvqMv: Ggb ¯’vb †hLv‡b wkÿv Kvh©µg I wkÿv`vb cwiPvwjZ nq| D`vniY¯îƒc ejv hvq e¨w³MZ evwo, wkï hZœ †K›`ª, cÖvK we`¨vjq, A¯’vqx AeKvVv‡gv Ges we`¨vjqmg~n|

Rxeb `ÿZv: BwZevPK AvPiYMZ `ÿZv I mvg_©¨ hv cÖwZwU e¨w³‡K ˆ`bw›`b Rxe‡bi Pvwn`v I P¨v‡jÄ Kvh©Kifv‡e †gvKv‡ejv Ki‡Z mnvqZv K‡i| G¸‡jv gvbyl wn‡m‡e I mgv‡Ri m`m¨ wn‡m‡e gvbyl‡K wPšÍv, Abyfe, KvR Ges cvi¯úwiK †hvMv‡hv‡M mnvqZv K‡i| Rxeb `ÿZv wZbwU AvšÍtm¤úwK©Z wefvM wb‡q ˆZwi : eyw×e„wËK, e¨w³MZ ev Av‡eMxq, Ges AvšÍte¨w³MZ A_ev mgvR m¤úwK©Z| Rxeb `ÿZv n‡Z cv‡i mvaviY: D`vniY¯îƒc Z_¨ we‡kølY I eënvi, Ab¨vb¨‡ì mv‡_ mdj †hvMv‡hvM

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Ges wµqv cÖwZwµqv| Rxeb `ÿZv wbw`©ó †ÿÎ †Kw›`ªKI n‡Z cv‡i, †hgb- SuywKnªvm, cwi‡ek myiÿv, ¯^v¯’¨‡mev, GBPAvBwf cÖwZ‡iva, mwnsmZv cÖwZ‡iva A_ev kvwšÍ ¯’vcb| msKUc~Y© Ae¯’vq Rxeb `ÿZv e„w× Kivi cÖ‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i, †h †ÿ‡Î ¯’vbxq †cÖÿvc‡U Ges Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z cÖvmw½K I cÖv‡qvwMK Rxeb `ÿZv ˆZwii cÖwZ †Rvi †`qv Avek¨K|

Rxeb RxweKv: Rxeb RxweKv n‡”Q Rxeb avi‡Yi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq mvg_¨©, m¤ú`, my‡hvM Ges Kvh©µg| Avw_©K, cÖvK…wZK, †fŠZ, mvgvwRK Ges gvbem¤ú` m¤ú‡ì AšÍf©y³| D`vniY¯îƒc †`vKvb, Rwg, Ges evRvi A_ev cwienb eë¯’vq cÖ‡ekvwaKv‡ii my‡hvM| GKwU Rxeb RxweKv ZLbB †UKmB n‡e hLb GwU Pvc Ges AwfNv‡Zi mv‡_ gvwb‡q wb‡Z cvi‡e Ges msKU KvwU‡q c~e©ve¯’vq wd‡i Avm‡Z cvi‡e, mvg_¨© I m¤ú` e„w× Ki‡Z cvi‡e Ges cieZ©x cÖR‡b¥i Rb¨ †UKmB Rxeb RxweKvi my‡hvM K‡i w`‡Z cvi‡e|

DcvbyôvwbK wkÿv: DcvbyôvwbK wkÿv Kvh©µg AvbyôvwbK wkÿvi gZ bq (AvbyôvwbK wkÿvi msÁv †`Lyb)| DcvbyôvwbK wkÿv we`¨vjq-KvVv‡gv c×wZi evB‡i I wfZ‡i Dfq RvqMvq cwiPvwjZ nq Ges me eqmx‡ìB G‡Z AskMÖn‡Yi my‡hvM _v‡K| GwU memgq wkÿvi cÖZ¨qb cvIqvi Rb¨ nqbv| DcvbyôvwbK wkÿv Kg©m~wP wkï I eq¯‹‡ì bZzb wkÿv Pvwn`vq `ªæZ mvov †`qvi wfbœZv, bgbxqZv Ges mvg_©¨ Øviv we‡klfv‡e wPwýZ| GB wkÿv g~jZ we‡kl `‡ji Rb¨ cÖYqb Kiv nq hv‡ì eqm AvbyôvwbK wkÿv MÖn‡Yi eqm †_‡K †ewk, hviv AvbyôvwbK wkÿv MÖnY K‡iwb A_ev eq¯‹ e¨w³| AvbyôvwbK wkÿvi cvV¨m~wP A_ev bZzb c×wZi gva¨‡g GB cvV¨m~wP ˆZwi Kiv nq| †hgb `ªæZ ÔK¨vP AvcÕ (weiwZ c~iY) wkÿv, K¬vm cieZ©x wkÿv, mvÿiZv Ges MYbv wkÿv| DcvbyôvwbK wkÿv AvbyôvwbK wkÿvq wkÿv_©xi AskMÖnY‡K wejw¤^Z K‡i| G‡K Ôwkÿvi wØZxq my‡hvMÕI ejv n‡q _v‡K|

AskMÖnY: AskMÖnY n‡”Q cÖwµqv, wm×všÍ Ges Kvh©µ‡g cÖfve †d‡j Ggb wKQz‡Z m¤ú„³ nIqv| KwgDwbwU I Dbœqb Kg©m~wP‡Z AskMÖnY mevi Rb¨ GKwU AwaKvi Ges KvR Kivi g~j wfwË| we`¨gvb mvg_¨© Abyhvqx AskMÖnY wfbœ wfbœ nq| eq¯‹, wkï, bexb, cÖwZeÜx e¨w³ Ges wec`vcbœ `‡ji m`m¨mn cÖ‡Z¨K `j cÖv_wgK ch©vq †_‡KB wewfbœfv‡e AskMÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡i| hv‡ì Kv‡Q †cuŠQv‡bv KwVb ev hv‡ì mv‡_ KvR Kiv KwVb †miKg `j¸‡jv‡KI AskMÖn‡Yi my‡hvM †_‡K ewÂZ Kiv hv‡e bv| AskMÖn‡Yi welqwU Hw”QK| RbmvaviY‡K AskMÖn‡Yi Rb¨ Avgš¿Y Rvbv‡Z n‡e I DrmvwnZ Ki‡Z n‡e, wKš‘ Zv‡ì Dci †Rvi LvUv‡bv ev Zv‡ì gZvgZ‡K cÖfvweZ Kiv hv‡ebv| AskMÖnY Kv‡Ri e¨vcKZv I cÖ‡Póv‡K AšÍf©y³ Ki‡Z cv‡i| †mevi eënvi, e¯‘MZ m¤ú‡ì Ae`vb, Ab¨‡ì wm×všÍ‡K MÖnY Ges b~¨bZg civgk© BZ¨vw` c‡ivÿ f~wgKvi g‡a¨ AšÍf©y³| Kvh©Ki AskMÖn‡Yi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q mgq †`qv, wm×všÍ MÖnY I cwiKíbv cÖYq‡Y mivmwi AskMÖnY Ges wkÿv Kvh©µg ev¯Íevqb|


AskMnÖ Ygj~ K wkÿv: wkÿv cÖ vb Ges wkL‡bi Ggb GKwU aviYv hv wkÿv_x© ‡ì †K› ª K‡i cwiPvwjZ nq| GwU nv‡Z Kj‡g wkÿv, †QvU `jMZ wkLb, ev¯eÍ DcKiY eënvi, Db¥³y c‡Ö kvœ Ëi ce© Ges mZx_© wkÿvi gva¨‡g wkÿv MnÖ ‡Y DrmvwnZ K‡i| D`vniY¯iƒc wkÿv_x© iv MvwYwZK aviYv eSy ‡Z ev¯eÍ Kv‡Ri AwfÁZv eënvi K‡i A_ev mgm¨v mgvav‡bi Rb¨ c‡Ö kvœ Ë‡ii gva¨‡g GKmv‡_ KvR K‡i| AskMnÖ Ygj~ K wkÿv wkÿK‡ì †K› ª K‡i MwVZ c×wZi mv‡_ êcixZ¨ cKÖ vk K‡i, hvi êwkó¨ n‡”Q wkÿv_x© iv †e‡Â em‡e, wbw`ó© c‡Ö kiœ DËi w`‡e Ges †evW© †_‡K wkÿ‡Ki †jLv LvZvq Zjz ‡e| AskMnª Ygj~ K wkÿv Pvwn`v chv© ‡jvPbv, mgvavb wPwýZKiY I Kgc© wiKíbv cYÖ q‡b I ev¯eÍ vq‡b wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿv KgK© Zv© ‡ì mnvqZv Ki‡Z eëüZ n‡Z cv‡i| GB †cÿÖ vc‡U GUv KwgDwbwUi AskMnÖ Y, mgšq I chv© ‡jvPbv‡K AšfÍ ³y© Ki‡Z cv‡i|

cÖ¯‘wZ: m¤¢ve¨ ev Avmbœ I eZ©gvb Avc`mg~‡ni wel‡q c~e©vYygvb Ges Kvh©Ki mvov`vb I c~e©ve¯’vq wd‡i hvevi j‡ÿ¨ miKvi, mvov cÖ`vbKvix ms¯’vmg~n Ges mgvR I e¨w³ ch©v‡q Ávb I `ÿZv e„w×i cÖwµqv|

cÖwZ‡iva: Avc` Ges `y‡h©v‡Mi e¨vcK ÿqÿwZ Gov‡bvi j‡ÿ¨ M„nxZ Kvh©µg| (Ab¨ cvZvq †`Lyb)

myiÿv: me ai‡bi Aegvbbv, †kvlY, mwnsmZv Ges AeÁv †_‡K gy³ _vKv|

g‡bv-mvgvwRK mnvqZv: mvgvwRK Rxe‡b gvby‡li mvgwMÖK Kj¨vY wbwðZ Kivi cÖwµqv Ges Kvh©µg n‡”Q g‡bv-mvgvwRK mnvqZv| cwievi I eÜz‡ì mg_©bI Gi AvIZvfy³| D`vniY¯îƒc Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wew”Qbœ n‡q hvIqv wkï‡ì Zv‡ì cwiev‡ii mv‡_ GKwÎZ Kiv Ges wkÿv cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ cwievi I KwgDwbwUi cÿ †_‡K mnvqZv|

gvbm¤§Z wkÿv: gvbm¤§Z wkÿv mvkÖqx, mnRjf¨, †RÛvi ms‡e`bkxj Ges wewfbœ †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨| Gi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q, 1) GKwU wbivc` Ges GKxf‚Z wkÿv evÜe cwi‡ek; 2) †hvM¨ Ges cÖwkwÿZ wkÿK hviv cvV`vb c×wZ Ges welqe¯‘ m¤ú‡K© Ávb iv‡L; 3) GKwU Kvh©Ki cvV¨m~wP hv mnR‡eva¨ Ges wkÿv_©x‡ì mv‡_ mvs¯‹…wZK, fvlvMZ Ges mvgvwRK w`K w`‡q mvgÄm¨c~Y©; 4) wkÿY I wkL‡bi Rb¨ ch©vß Ges cÖvmw½K DcKiY; 5) wkÿY I wkLb cÖwµqvq AskMªnYg~jK c×wZ cÖYqb, hv‡Z wkÿv_©xi gh©v`v eRvq _v‡K; 6) †kÖwY K‡ÿi AvKvi Ges QvÎ wkÿK‡ì h_vh_ AbycvZ; Ges 7) wkÿv, MYbv Ges Rxeb`ÿZvi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z welq wb‡q we‡bv`b, †Ljva~jv Ges m„wókxj Kvh©µg |

c~e©ve¯’vq wd‡i Avmv: `y‡h©v‡Mi AšÍwb©wnZ SzuwKi KviY¸‡jv Kwg‡q Avbvi cÖ‡Póvmn ÿwZMÖ¯Í KwgDwbwUi my‡hvM myweav, Rxeb RxweKv, Rxebgvb A_ev g‡bv-mvgvwRK Kj¨v‡Yi cybiæ×vi I Dbœqb|

119

kibv_©x: 1951 mv‡ji kiYv_©x mb` Abyhvqx GKRb kiYv_©x n‡”Q †m, †h RvwZMZ, ag©xq, RvZxqZv, ev †Kv‡bv wbw`©ó †Mvôxfz³ nIqvi Kvi‡Y A_ev ivR‰bwZK gZv`‡k©i Kvi‡Y wbcxo‡bi f‡q fxZ _v‡K, †`k I RvZxqZv †_‡K weZvwoZ n‡Z cv‡i Ges GB fq †_‡K †ewi‡q Avm‡Z bv cvivi Kvi‡Y †m Zvi †`‡ki myiÿv †_‡K ewÂZ _v‡K|

cÖvmw½K wkÿv: wkÿv_©x‡ì Rb¨ h_v_© wkLb my‡hvMB n‡jv cÖvmw½K wkÿv| ¯’vbxq HwZn¨ Ges cÖwZôvb, BwZevPK mvs¯‹…wZK PP©v, wek¦vm Ges KwgDwbwUi cÖ‡qvRb Abyhvqx cÖv_wgK wkÿv cwiPvwjZ nq| GwU RvZxq I AvšÍR©vwZK †cÖÿvc‡U mgv‡R BwZevPK fwel¨‡Zi Rb¨ wkï‡ì ˆZwi K‡i| cÖvmw½K wkÿv gvbm¤§Z wkÿvi GKwU Dcv`vb hv Kx †kLv n‡q‡Q, Kxfv‡e †kLv n‡q‡Q Ges Zv K‡Zv Kvh©Kix n‡q‡Q GmKj wel‡qi Ici †Rvi †`q|

mnbkxjZv: †Kv‡bv eë¯’v, Rb‡Mvôx ev e¨w³i `y‡hv©MKvjxb mg‡q cÖwZK~j cwiw¯’wZi mv‡_ Lvc LvIqv‡bvi mÿgZvi| GB Lvc LvIqv‡bvi A_© n‡”Q KvR Ges KvVv‡gvi GKwU MÖnY‡hvM¨ ch©v‡q †cuŠQv‡bvi Rb¨ cÖwZ‡iva Kiv ev cwiewZ©Z nIqv| GB mnbkxjZv wbf©i K‡i wU‡K _vKvi †KŠkj Ges Rxeb `ÿZvi Dci †hgb, mgm¨v mgvavb, mnvqZv †LuvRvi mvg_¨©, DØy×KiY, Avkvev`, wek¦vm, g‡bv‡hvM Ges m¤ú`kvjx nIqv| hLb gvbeKj¨v‡Y myiÿvi welq¸‡jv m¤¢ve¨ SzuwKi m¤¢vebv †_‡K †Rvi`vi nq, ZLbB mnbkxjZv wbwðZ Kiv m¤¢e Ges myiÿvi welq¸‡jv SuywKi m¤¢vebv‡K mg_©b bv K‡i Kj¨vY‡KB kw³kvjx mg_©b †hvMvq|

SuywK: evwn¨K †Kv‡bv ûgwK †hgb cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©vM, GBPAvBwf cÖv`yf©ve, †RÛvi mwnsmZv, mk¯¿ AvµgY I AcniY, Ges cvkvcvwk wewfbœ wec`vcbœZvi mshyw³ †hgb `vwi`ª, ˆ`wnK ev gvbwmK cÖwZeÜxZv A_ev †Kv‡bv wec`vcbœ `‡ji †MvÎfz³ nIqv BZ¨vw`|

SuywK wbiƒcY: m¤¢ve¨ Avc` we‡kølY Ges wec`vcbœZv g~j¨vq‡bi gva¨‡g SuywKi aib Ges e¨vcKZv wbY©‡qi GKwU c×wZ hv RbmvaviY, m¤ú`, Rxeb RxweKv Ges cwi‡e‡ki Rb¨ ÿwZKi ev m¤¢ve¨ ûgwK|

wbivcËv: ˆ`wnK Ges g‡bv-mvgvwRK ÿqÿwZ †_‡K gy³ _vKv|

myiÿv: ûgwK, wec`, AvNvZ ev ÿwZ †_‡K iÿv|

†÷K‡nvìvi: cÖKí A_ev Kg©m~wP‡Z ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv ivL‡Z mÿg Ggb e¨w³ ev `j A_ev cÖwZôvb|

wec`vcbœZv: e¨w³ ev `‡ji êwkó¨ Ges Ae¯’v hv Zv‡ì‡K `y‡h©vM ev †h †Kv‡bv ÿqÿwZi w`‡K †V‡j †`q| wec`vcbœZvi D`vniY wn‡m‡e ejv hvq, †h `‡j m½xnxb wkï i‡q‡Q, cÖwZeÜx e¨w³, cwiev‡i GKK `vwqZ¡ Ges AvbyôvwbKfv‡e mk¯¿ evwnbxi mv‡_ hy³ wkï|


AskMnÖ Ygj~ K wkÿv: wkÿv cÖ vb Ges wkL‡bi Ggb GKwU aviYv hv wkÿv_x© ‡ì †K› ª K‡i cwiPvwjZ nq| GwU nv‡Z Kj‡g wkÿv, †QvU `jMZ wkLb, ev¯eÍ DcKiY eënvi, Db¥³y c‡Ö kvœ Ëi ce© Ges mZx_© wkÿvi gva¨‡g wkÿv MnÖ ‡Y DrmvwnZ K‡i| D`vniY¯iƒc wkÿv_x© iv MvwYwZK aviYv eSy ‡Z ev¯eÍ Kv‡Ri AwfÁZv eënvi K‡i A_ev mgm¨v mgvav‡bi Rb¨ c‡Ö kvœ Ë‡ii gva¨‡g GKmv‡_ KvR K‡i| AskMnÖ Ygj~ K wkÿv wkÿK‡ì †K› ª K‡i MwVZ c×wZi mv‡_ êcixZ¨ cKÖ vk K‡i, hvi êwkó¨ n‡”Q wkÿv_x© iv †e‡Â em‡e, wbw`ó© c‡Ö kiœ DËi w`‡e Ges †evW© †_‡K wkÿ‡Ki †jLv LvZvq Zjz ‡e| AskMnª Ygj~ K wkÿv Pvwn`v chv© ‡jvPbv, mgvavb wPwýZKiY I Kgc© wiKíbv cYÖ q‡b I ev¯eÍ vq‡b wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿv KgK© Zv© ‡ì mnvqZv Ki‡Z eëüZ n‡Z cv‡i| GB †cÿÖ vc‡U GUv KwgDwbwUi AskMnÖ Y, mgšq I chv© ‡jvPbv‡K AšfÍ ³y© Ki‡Z cv‡i|

cÖ¯‘wZ: m¤¢ve¨ ev Avmbœ I eZ©gvb Avc`mg~‡ni wel‡q c~e©vYygvb Ges Kvh©Ki mvov`vb I c~e©ve¯’vq wd‡i hvevi j‡ÿ¨ miKvi, mvov cÖ`vbKvix ms¯’vmg~n Ges mgvR I e¨w³ ch©v‡q Ávb I `ÿZv e„w×i cÖwµqv|

cÖwZ‡iva: Avc` Ges `y‡h©v‡Mi e¨vcK ÿqÿwZ Gov‡bvi j‡ÿ¨ M„nxZ Kvh©µg| (Ab¨ cvZvq †`Lyb)

myiÿv: me ai‡bi Aegvbbv, †kvlY, mwnsmZv Ges AeÁv †_‡K gy³ _vKv|

g‡bv-mvgvwRK mnvqZv: mvgvwRK Rxe‡b gvby‡li mvgwMÖK Kj¨vY wbwðZ Kivi cÖwµqv Ges Kvh©µg n‡”Q g‡bv-mvgvwRK mnvqZv| cwievi I eÜz‡ì mg_©bI Gi AvIZvfy³| D`vniY¯îƒc Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wew”Qbœ n‡q hvIqv wkï‡ì Zv‡ì cwiev‡ii mv‡_ GKwÎZ Kiv Ges wkÿv cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ cwievi I KwgDwbwUi cÿ †_‡K mnvqZv|

gvbm¤§Z wkÿv: gvbm¤§Z wkÿv mvkÖqx, mnRjf¨, †RÛvi ms‡e`bkxj Ges wewfbœ †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨| Gi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q, 1) GKwU wbivc` Ges GKxf‚Z wkÿv evÜe cwi‡ek; 2) †hvM¨ Ges cÖwkwÿZ wkÿK hviv cvV`vb c×wZ Ges welqe¯‘ m¤ú‡K© Ávb iv‡L; 3) GKwU Kvh©Ki cvV¨m~wP hv mnR‡eva¨ Ges wkÿv_©x‡ì mv‡_ mvs¯‹…wZK, fvlvMZ Ges mvgvwRK w`K w`‡q mvgÄm¨c~Y©; 4) wkÿY I wkL‡bi Rb¨ ch©vß Ges cÖvmw½K DcKiY; 5) wkÿY I wkLb cÖwµqvq AskMªnYg~jK c×wZ cÖYqb, hv‡Z wkÿv_©xi gh©v`v eRvq _v‡K; 6) †kÖwY K‡ÿi AvKvi Ges QvÎ wkÿK‡ì h_vh_ AbycvZ; Ges 7) wkÿv, MYbv Ges Rxeb`ÿZvi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z welq wb‡q we‡bv`b, †Ljva~jv Ges m„wókxj Kvh©µg |

c~e©ve¯’vq wd‡i Avmv: `y‡h©v‡Mi AšÍwb©wnZ SzuwKi KviY¸‡jv Kwg‡q Avbvi cÖ‡Póvmn ÿwZMÖ¯Í KwgDwbwUi my‡hvM myweav, Rxeb RxweKv, Rxebgvb A_ev g‡bv-mvgvwRK Kj¨v‡Yi cybiæ×vi I Dbœqb|

119

kibv_©x: 1951 mv‡ji kiYv_©x mb` Abyhvqx GKRb kiYv_©x n‡”Q †m, †h RvwZMZ, ag©xq, RvZxqZv, ev †Kv‡bv wbw`©ó †Mvôxfz³ nIqvi Kvi‡Y A_ev ivR‰bwZK gZv`‡k©i Kvi‡Y wbcxo‡bi f‡q fxZ _v‡K, †`k I RvZxqZv †_‡K weZvwoZ n‡Z cv‡i Ges GB fq †_‡K †ewi‡q Avm‡Z bv cvivi Kvi‡Y †m Zvi †`‡ki myiÿv †_‡K ewÂZ _v‡K|

cÖvmw½K wkÿv: wkÿv_©x‡ì Rb¨ h_v_© wkLb my‡hvMB n‡jv cÖvmw½K wkÿv| ¯’vbxq HwZn¨ Ges cÖwZôvb, BwZevPK mvs¯‹…wZK PP©v, wek¦vm Ges KwgDwbwUi cÖ‡qvRb Abyhvqx cÖv_wgK wkÿv cwiPvwjZ nq| GwU RvZxq I AvšÍR©vwZK †cÖÿvc‡U mgv‡R BwZevPK fwel¨‡Zi Rb¨ wkï‡ì ˆZwi K‡i| cÖvmw½K wkÿv gvbm¤§Z wkÿvi GKwU Dcv`vb hv Kx †kLv n‡q‡Q, Kxfv‡e †kLv n‡q‡Q Ges Zv K‡Zv Kvh©Kix n‡q‡Q GmKj wel‡qi Ici †Rvi †`q|

mnbkxjZv: †Kv‡bv eë¯’v, Rb‡Mvôx ev e¨w³i `y‡hv©MKvjxb mg‡q cÖwZK~j cwiw¯’wZi mv‡_ Lvc LvIqv‡bvi mÿgZvi| GB Lvc LvIqv‡bvi A_© n‡”Q KvR Ges KvVv‡gvi GKwU MÖnY‡hvM¨ ch©v‡q †cuŠQv‡bvi Rb¨ cÖwZ‡iva Kiv ev cwiewZ©Z nIqv| GB mnbkxjZv wbf©i K‡i wU‡K _vKvi †KŠkj Ges Rxeb `ÿZvi Dci †hgb, mgm¨v mgvavb, mnvqZv †LuvRvi mvg_¨©, DØy×KiY, Avkvev`, wek¦vm, g‡bv‡hvM Ges m¤ú`kvjx nIqv| hLb gvbeKj¨v‡Y myiÿvi welq¸‡jv m¤¢ve¨ SzuwKi m¤¢vebv †_‡K †Rvi`vi nq, ZLbB mnbkxjZv wbwðZ Kiv m¤¢e Ges myiÿvi welq¸‡jv SuywKi m¤¢vebv‡K mg_©b bv K‡i Kj¨vY‡KB kw³kvjx mg_©b †hvMvq|

SuywK: evwn¨K †Kv‡bv ûgwK †hgb cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©vM, GBPAvBwf cÖv`yf©ve, †RÛvi mwnsmZv, mk¯¿ AvµgY I AcniY, Ges cvkvcvwk wewfbœ wec`vcbœZvi mshyw³ †hgb `vwi`ª, ˆ`wnK ev gvbwmK cÖwZeÜxZv A_ev †Kv‡bv wec`vcbœ `‡ji †MvÎfz³ nIqv BZ¨vw`|

SuywK wbiƒcY: m¤¢ve¨ Avc` we‡kølY Ges wec`vcbœZv g~j¨vq‡bi gva¨‡g SuywKi aib Ges e¨vcKZv wbY©‡qi GKwU c×wZ hv RbmvaviY, m¤ú`, Rxeb RxweKv Ges cwi‡e‡ki Rb¨ ÿwZKi ev m¤¢ve¨ ûgwK|

wbivcËv: ˆ`wnK Ges g‡bv-mvgvwRK ÿqÿwZ †_‡K gy³ _vKv|

myiÿv: ûgwK, wec`, AvNvZ ev ÿwZ †_‡K iÿv|

†÷K‡nvìvi: cÖKí A_ev Kg©m~wP‡Z ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv ivL‡Z mÿg Ggb e¨w³ ev `j A_ev cÖwZôvb|

wec`vcbœZv: e¨w³ ev `‡ji êwkó¨ Ges Ae¯’v hv Zv‡ì‡K `y‡h©vM ev †h †Kv‡bv ÿqÿwZi w`‡K †V‡j †`q| wec`vcbœZvi D`vniY wn‡m‡e ejv hvq, †h `‡j m½xnxb wkï i‡q‡Q, cÖwZeÜx e¨w³, cwiev‡i GKK `vwqZ¡ Ges AvbyôvwbKfv‡e mk¯¿ evwnbxi mv‡_ hy³ wkï|


120cwiwkó

Kj¨vY: mvgwMÖKfv‡e fv‡jv Ae¯’v Ges GB Ae¯’v AR©‡bi cÖwµqv| ˆ`wnK, Av‡eMxq, mvgvwRK Ges eyw×e„wËK ¯^v¯’¨ Gi AvIZvfz³| GKRb gvby‡li Rb¨ †KvbUv fv‡jv Zv Kj¨v‡Yi AvIZvfz³: A_©©c~Y© mvgvwRK f~wgKvq AskMÖnY; Lywk _vKv Ges Avkvev`x nIqv; ¯’vbxq ch©v‡q msÁvwqZ fv‡jv g~j¨‡eva Abyhvqx RxebaviY; BwZevPK mvgvwRK m¤úK© _vKv Ges mn‡hvwMZvg~jK cwi‡ek; BwZevPK Rxeb `ÿZv Kv‡R jvwM‡q P¨v‡jÄ †gvKv‡ejv Kivi mÿgZv, wbivcËv, myiÿv Ges ¸YMZ †mev cvIqvi my‡hvM (eyw×e„wËK †`Lyb)|

bexb Ges wK‡kvi: bexb n‡”Q 15 †_‡K 24 eQi Ges wK‡kvi n‡”Q 10 †_‡K 19 eQi eqmx gvbyl| GB 10 †_‡K 24 eQi eqmxivB me©e„nr Rb‡Mvôxi cÖwZwbwa| ˆKk‡ii †kl Ges eqtcÖvwßi ïiæ wfbœ wfbœ nq| †`k I ms¯‹…wZ Abyhvqx wewfbœ eq‡mi gvbyl wbw`©ó eqm Abyhvqx †hvM¨Zvi wfwË‡Z mgv‡Ri wba©vwiZ KvR¸‡jv K‡i| Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wK‡kvi‡ì †QvU wkï Ges eq¯‹‡ì †_‡K Avjv`v Pvwn`v _v‡K| ¯^vaxbfv‡e `vwqZ¡cvj‡bi gva¨‡g bexb‡ì AMÖMwZ mvwaZ nq| mvgvwRK, mvs¯‹…wZK, cÖvwZôvwbK, A_©‰bwZK Ges ivR‰bwZK welqe¯‘i wfwË‡Z †cÖÿvcU Abyhvqx msÁv wfbœ wfbœ nq|

INEE Toolkit: www.ineesite.org/toolkit G Av‡iv we¯ÍvwiZ ZvwjKv i‡q‡Q|

cwiwkó 2 : Av`¨ÿi

AIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome

HIV Human Immunodeficiency Virus

IASC Inter-Agency Standing Committee

IDP Internally displaced person

ILO International Labour Organization

INEE Inter-Agency Network for Education in Emergencies

MFA Ministry of Foreign Affairs

NGO Non-government organisation

NORAD Norwegian Agency for Development

SEEP Small Enterprise Education and Promotion

UN United Nations

UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation

UNHCR United Nations High Commission for Refugees

UNICEF United Nations Children's Fund

120cwiwkó

Kj¨vY: mvgwMÖKfv‡e fv‡jv Ae¯’v Ges GB Ae¯’v AR©‡bi cÖwµqv| ˆ`wnK, Av‡eMxq, mvgvwRK Ges eyw×e„wËK ¯^v¯’¨ Gi AvIZvfz³| GKRb gvby‡li Rb¨ †KvbUv fv‡jv Zv Kj¨v‡Yi AvIZvfz³: A_©©c~Y© mvgvwRK f~wgKvq AskMÖnY; Lywk _vKv Ges Avkvev`x nIqv; ¯’vbxq ch©v‡q msÁvwqZ fv‡jv g~j¨‡eva Abyhvqx RxebaviY; BwZevPK mvgvwRK m¤úK© _vKv Ges mn‡hvwMZvg~jK cwi‡ek; BwZevPK Rxeb `ÿZv Kv‡R jvwM‡q P¨v‡jÄ †gvKv‡ejv Kivi mÿgZv, wbivcËv, myiÿv Ges ¸YMZ †mev cvIqvi my‡hvM (eyw×e„wËK †`Lyb)|

bexb Ges wK‡kvi: bexb n‡”Q 15 †_‡K 24 eQi Ges wK‡kvi n‡”Q 10 †_‡K 19 eQi eqmx gvbyl| GB 10 †_‡K 24 eQi eqmxivB me©e„nr Rb‡Mvôxi cÖwZwbwa| ˆKk‡ii †kl Ges eqtcÖvwßi ïiæ wfbœ wfbœ nq| †`k I ms¯‹…wZ Abyhvqx wewfbœ eq‡mi gvbyl wbw`©ó eqm Abyhvqx †hvM¨Zvi wfwË‡Z mgv‡Ri wba©vwiZ KvR¸‡jv K‡i| Riæwi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z wK‡kvi‡ì †QvU wkï Ges eq¯‹‡ì †_‡K Avjv`v Pvwn`v _v‡K| ¯^vaxbfv‡e `vwqZ¡cvj‡bi gva¨‡g bexb‡ì AMÖMwZ mvwaZ nq| mvgvwRK, mvs¯‹…wZK, cÖvwZôvwbK, A_©‰bwZK Ges ivR‰bwZK welqe¯‘i wfwË‡Z †cÖÿvcU Abyhvqx msÁv wfbœ wfbœ nq|

INEE Toolkit: www.ineesite.org/toolkit G Av‡iv we¯ÍvwiZ ZvwjKv i‡q‡Q|

cwiwkó 2 : Av`¨ÿi

AIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome

HIV Human Immunodeficiency Virus

IASC Inter-Agency Standing Committee

IDP Internally displaced person

ILO International Labour Organization

INEE Inter-Agency Network for Education in Emergencies

MFA Ministry of Foreign Affairs

NGO Non-government organisation

NORAD Norwegian Agency for Development

SEEP Small Enterprise Education and Promotion

UN United Nations

UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation

UNHCR United Nations High Commission for Refugees

UNICEF United Nations Children's Fund

121 wkÿvi b~¨bZg gvb: cÖ¯‘wZ, mvov`vb, c~e©ve¯’vq cÖZ¨veZ©‡bi cÖ‡Póv 122cwiwkó

cwiwkó 3: K…ZÁZv ¯^xKvi

eZ©gvb cÖKvkbvwU Abyev`, Abyev` ch©v‡jvPbv, cÖwZkã Pqb Ims‡hvRb Ges m¤úv`bvi wewfbœ ch©v‡q hviv mnvqZv K‡i‡Qb

cÖavb m¤úv`KMInvi bCg Iqviv

m¤úv`bv cwil`

cÖ_g ch©v‡q hviv wQ‡jbwkÿvi b~¨bZg gv‡bi cwiwPwZ, cÖ¯ÍwZ, mvov`vb, c~e©ve¯’vq cÖZ¨veZ©‡bi cÖ‡Póv - †k¸dZv kviwgb (†níGBR B›Uvib¨vkbvj)

Aa¨vq 1: wfwËgv‡bi cwimi - w`cy gvngy` (†Kqvi evsjv‡`k)

Aa¨vq 2: AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek -wejy Kwei (†jLK I DbœqbKg©x)

Aa¨vq 3: wkÿY I wkLb- mÄq gyLvR©x (IqvUvi GBW evsjv‡`k)

Aa¨vq 4: wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x-Gm,Gg, Ave`yj Kv‡ì (cø¨vb B›Uvib¨vkbvj evsjv‡`k)

Aa¨vq 5: wkÿvbxwZ- AvwRRyj iv‡mj (cÖ_g Av‡jv)

kã‡Kvl †gvt †iRvDj Kwig (Kbmvj‡U›U-wWAviAvi GÐ wmwmG) I †Mvjvg †gvZvwmg wejøvn& (BmjvwgK wiwjd evsjv‡`k)

wØZxq ch©v‡q m¤úv`bv cwil‡` Eng `‡ji †h me m`m¨ hy³ wQ‡jbwkÿvi b~¨bZg gv‡bi cwiwPwZ, cÖ¯ÍwZ, mvov`vb, c~e©ve¯’vq cÖZ¨veZ©‡bi cÖ‡Póv - MInvi bCg Iqviv

Aa¨vq 1: wfwËgv‡bi cwimi- gvndzRv gyb Lvb (†mf `¨v wPj‡Wªb)

Aa¨vq 2: AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek - byiæj Avjg ivRy (A·d¨vg)

Aa¨vq 3: wkÿY I wkLb- †gvkviid †nv‡mb (MYmvÿiZv Awfhvb)

Aa¨vq 4: wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x - †gvnv¤§` †Mvjvg wKewiqv (BDwb‡md)

Aa¨vq 5: wkÿvbxwZ Ges

kã‡Kvl - †gvnv¤§` mvqgb ingvb (BmjvwgK wiwjd evsjv‡`k)

cÖv_wgKAbyev`byiæbœvnvi cwj†g‡niæb †bQvivnvZ Aviv wmivRyg gwbimygvBqv b~i

†hvMv‡hv‡Mi Z_¨

ZvwiL: bvg:

ms¯’v I c‡ì bvg:

wVKvbv:

†dvb:

B‡gBj:

1. Avcwb Ges Avcbvi ms¯’v b~¨bZg gv‡bi †Kvb w`K¸‡jv eënvi K‡ib AbyMÖn K‡i Zvi GKwU ZvwjKv ˆZwi Kiæb| h‡ZvUv m¤¢e mywbw`©ó †nvb Ges †cÖÿvcU Abyhvqx I Avcbvi cÖKí /ms¯’v/ mgš^q KvVv‡gv BZ¨vw` Kv‡Ri †ÿ‡Î †h w`K¸‡jv (hw` †_‡K _v‡K) Avcwb n¨vÛeeyKwUi KiYxq Gi mv‡_ Lvc LvB‡q wb‡q‡Qb Zv AšÍfz©³ Kiæb|

2. n¨vÛeyKwU eënvi Kivi mgq wK wK evavi m¤§yLxb n‡q‡Qb Ges wKfv‡e Zv †_‡K †ewi‡q G‡m‡Qb A_ev Zvi wfZi w`‡q KvR Pvwj‡q †M‡Qb?

cwiwkó: 4 gZvgZ cÖ`v‡bi dig

121 wkÿvi b~¨bZg gvb: cÖ¯‘wZ, mvov`vb, c~e©ve¯’vq cÖZ¨veZ©‡bi cÖ‡Póv 122cwiwkó

cwiwkó 3: K…ZÁZv ¯^xKvi

eZ©gvb cÖKvkbvwU Abyev`, Abyev` ch©v‡jvPbv, cÖwZkã Pqb Ims‡hvRb Ges m¤úv`bvi wewfbœ ch©v‡q hviv mnvqZv K‡i‡Qb

cÖavb m¤úv`KMInvi bCg Iqviv

m¤úv`bv cwil`

cÖ_g ch©v‡q hviv wQ‡jbwkÿvi b~¨bZg gv‡bi cwiwPwZ, cÖ¯ÍwZ, mvov`vb, c~e©ve¯’vq cÖZ¨veZ©‡bi cÖ‡Póv - †k¸dZv kviwgb (†níGBR B›Uvib¨vkbvj)

Aa¨vq 1: wfwËgv‡bi cwimi - w`cy gvngy` (†Kqvi evsjv‡`k)

Aa¨vq 2: AwfMg¨Zv I wkL‡bi cwi‡ek -wejy Kwei (†jLK I DbœqbKg©x)

Aa¨vq 3: wkÿY I wkLb- mÄq gyLvR©x (IqvUvi GBW evsjv‡`k)

Aa¨vq 4: wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿvKg©x-Gm,Gg, Ave`yj Kv‡ì (cø¨vb B›Uvib¨vkbvj evsjv‡`k)

Aa¨vq 5: wkÿvbxwZ- AvwRRyj iv‡mj (cÖ_g Av‡jv)

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2. n¨vÛeyKwU eënvi Kivi mgq wK wK evavi m¤§yLxb n‡q‡Qb Ges wKfv‡e Zv †_‡K †ewi‡q G‡m‡Qb A_ev Zvi wfZi w`‡q KvR Pvwj‡q †M‡Qb?

cwiwkó: 4 gZvgZ cÖ`v‡bi dig


3. GB n¨vÛeyKwU eënvi K‡i Avcbvi AwfÁZvi †Kv‡bv fv‡jv D`vniY I/ A_ev Avcwb wK wK wk‡L‡Qb Zv †kqvi Ki‡Z cv‡ib? Avcbvi Kv‡Ri †ÿ‡Î gvb¸‡jvi eënvi wK cÖfve †i‡L‡Q?

4. Avcbvi AwfÁZvi Av‡jv‡K, Av‡iv wK wK Z_¨ I /A_ev Uzjm GB n¨vÛeyKwU‡K Av‡iv Kvh©Ki I cÖvmw½K K‡i Zyj‡Z cv‡i?

5. GB n¨vÛeyKwUi Ici Avcbvi Avi †Kv‡bv gšÍe¨ A_ev gZvgZ _vK‡j AbyMÖn K‡i Zv wjLyb?

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dards and Network Tools, c/o UNICEF – Education Section, 7th floor, 3 United Nations Plaza, New York, NY 10017, USA. Avcwb PvB‡j AbjvB‡bI gZvgZ cÖ`v‡bi digwU c~iY K‡i cvVv‡Z cv‡ib GB wVKvbvq: www.ineesite.org/feedback.

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3. GB n¨vÛeyKwU eënvi K‡i Avcbvi AwfÁZvi †Kv‡bv fv‡jv D`vniY I/ A_ev Avcwb wK wK wk‡L‡Qb Zv †kqvi Ki‡Z cv‡ib? Avcbvi Kv‡Ri †ÿ‡Î gvb¸‡jvi eënvi wK cÖfve †i‡L‡Q?

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5. GB n¨vÛeyKwUi Ici Avcbvi Avi †Kv‡bv gšÍe¨ A_ev gZvgZ _vK‡j AbyMÖn K‡i Zv wjLyb?

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wkÿvi b~¨bZg gvb - INEE