Wk 5 - Technological Innovation

8/13/2019 Wk 5 - Technological Innovation

1/24

BPT 3 3 Management of Technology


2/24

Introduction

Concept and Nature of Innovation

Types of Innovation

Sources of Innovation

Models of Innovation

Innovation Process

Influencing Factors


3/24

Explain the concept, components and characteristics

of innovation

Describe the models and sources of innovation

Know the stages in the innovation process

Identify the factors that contribute to successful

innovation


4/24

Managing technology involves continuous effort in creating

technology, developing novel products and services, and

successfully marketing them

It requires:

Great creativity

Investment in R&D

Labs Marketplace

Idea R & D Product


5/24

Invention is an idea for a novel product or process

Innovation is the introduction of new products, processes or

services into the market place

Technological innovation begins with invention a sub-set ofinnovation

The process of technological innovation is a complex set of

activities that transforms ideas and scientific knowledge into

physical reality and real-world applications - converts

knowledge into useful products and services that have

socioeconomic impact.


6/24

Characteristics of organizational innovation are as follows:

An innovation must be...

A tangible product, process or procedure within an

organizationNew to the social setting within which it is introduced

Intentional rather than accidental

A challenging change

Aimed at predicting benefit to the organization Public in its effects


7/24

Physical, Materialor Hardware

Computer Machinery

Functional orProcess

Mechanism

Software Process

Reengineering

KnowledgeComponent

Manual Operating

instruction


8/24

Competence Enhancing vs. Destroying Innovation

Architectural Innovation vs. Component Innovation

Technical vs. Social Innovation

Radical vs. Incremental

Product and Process Innovation


9/24

Competence Enhancing vs. Competence Destroying Competence enhancing innovation builds on existing knowledge and

skills Enhancing or destroying depends on whose perspective is being taken

DestroyingEnhancing


10/24

ArchitecturalInnovation that changes the overalldesign of a system / the way itscomponents interact with each

other

ComponentInnovation to one or more componentsthat does not significantly affect theoverall configuration of the system


11/24

Technical vs. Social Management, that is the useful knowledge that enables man for the

first time to render productive people of different skills and knowledge

working together in an organization


12/24

Create an essentiallydifferent kind of

product requirecustomers to radically

change their past

behavior

Make small-stepimprovements to theoriginal technology

and design


13/24

Product Innovations Improvements in existing products or creating entirely new products

Process Innovations

Involve changes in existing process or adopting a entirely new process


14/24

EconomicEnvironment

Socio-CulturalEnvironment Changes in

Demographics Changes in Perception Innovative Users

TechnologicalEnvironment New knowledge Convergence Publications Outside industries


15/24

Fundamental components of the model are the same but the nature ofthe business may dictate variations in implementation techniques.


16/24

Reveals the important role of entrepreneurship in connecting ideas to the

marketplace

The management role in the innovation chain emphasizes:

The need for stability and control at a certain phase of the innovation process

A formalized managerial structure tends to produce incremental and processinnovations more than radical innovations

Martin (1994) illustrate the technological innovation process as a chain

equation


17/24

Mills (1996) provided very simplified but interesting definitions for severalcomponents of the process of technological innovation known as minimalist

definitions.

Science : How things are.

Technology : How to do things.

Management: How to get things done.

Technology management : Doing things.

Entrepreneurship: Doing things to make money

Innovation : Doing entrepreneurship


18/24

8 Stages of Technological Innovation


19/24

1. Basic Research Increase our general understanding of the laws of nature

Generating knowledge over a long period of time

May or may not result in specific application

2. Applied Research Directed toward solving one or more of societys problems (specific

problems)

Eg.: research conducted to develop a drug for treating a known disease

3. Technology Development Human activity that converts knowledge and ideas into physical

hardware, software or service - prototype

4. Technology Implementation Set of activities associated with introducing a product into the

marketplacesuccess commercial introduction


20/24

5. Production / Manufacturing Set of activities associated with the widespread conversion of design

concepts or ideas into products and services production control,logistic

6. Marketing Set of activities that ensures that consumers embrace the technology

promotion, distribution strategy

7. Proliferation / Diffusion Strategy that ensure the widespread use of the technology and its

dominance in the marketplace Depends on methods of exploiting the technology

8. Technology enhancement Set of activities associated with maintaining a competitive edge for the

technology - increases the life cycle of the technology


21/24

Border crossings national and sectorial) Increasing of science-technology articles with international co-

authorship and also between academic and government

Emergence of complex technologies Fit to and cause from diverse demands, perspectives, approaches and

contexts

Age of knowledge and distributed intelligence, KDI Network of knowledge integration of knowledge from different

sources and domains across space and time

Learning and intelligent systems - exploring the human behavior incollaboration with machines

Computing challenges - exploit the numeric barrier


22/24

1. The presence of scientific knowledge technological change is dependenton scientific discoveries

2. The level of maturity of the underlying science a wide base of

knowledge enhances technological development

3. The type of technology and the phase of its life cycle innovation rate is

high for emerging and growing technology

4. The level of investment in technology technological development is

connected to the level of R&D funding

5. The level of political commitment the pace of innovation is sensitive to

high level policy decisions

6. The ability to borrow advances from related technologies advances in

communication technology are dependent on satellite components

7. The diffusion rate and patterns - a technology that is widely diffused in

the market may delay other technologies from entry


23/24

8. Recognition to Technology

9. Time to Market

10. Multiple-site continuous R&D

11. Improvements in Communication

12. The Push for Education13. Changes in Institutional Interactions

14. Changes in Organizational Structure


24/24

Technological innovation is a sub-set of innovation

Technological innovations may arise from sources within or

outside the organization

Innovation process has been viewed as a sequence of

separable stages

Two basic variations of innovation models are technology

push and market pull

Documents

Wk 5 - Technological Innovation