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Topics
Risk Assessment chapt 04
Introduction
Risk assessmentHazard IdentificationDose Response
AnalysisExposure assessmentRisk characterization
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All substances are poisons there isnone which is not poison .
The rightdose differentiate a poison and aremedy. One of the most
important change
in the environmental policy in the1980s was the ACCEPTANCE of
therole of risk assessment and riskmanagement in
environmentaldecision making
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Risk assessment is the determination of quantitativeor
qualitativevalue of risk related to a concrete situationand a
recognized threat(also called hazard).
In other words the probability that exposure of some number
of
people to some combination of chemicals will cause some
responsesuch as cancer, birth defects, neurological damage.National
academy of sciences in 1983 suggested thatrisk assessment can be
divided into four steps
Those four steps in risk assessment are: Hazard Identification
Dose Response Analysis Exposure assessment Risk
characterization
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantitative_propertyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qualitative_datahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Threathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Threathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qualitative_datahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantitative_property
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is determining the relationship between doseand the probability
or the incidence of effect(dose-response assessment). The
complexityof this step in many contexts derives mainly
from the need to extrapolate results fromexperimental animals
(e.g. mouse, rat) tohumans, and/or from high to lower doses
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mousehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mouse
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aims to determine the amount of a contaminant
(dose) that individuals and populations will receive. As
different location, lifestyles and other factors
likely influence the amount of contaminant that isreceived, a
range or distribution of possible values
is generated in this step. Particular care is taken todetermine
the exposure of the susceptiblepopulation(s).
4. Risk characterization : is the integration of the
foregoing three steps, which result in anestimation of the
magnitude of the public healthproblem .
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=CDI
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