Wisdom of Bear Wood

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Wisdom of Bear WoodWisdom of Bear Wood

Michael Welzenbach

Book Book ３３Lesson 4

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Part One: Warm-up

Part Two: Background Information

Part Three: Text Appreciation

Part Four: Language Study

Part Five: Extension

Book Book ３３Lesson 4

Contents

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Lesson 4 - Wisdom of Bear Wood

Part One Warm Up Part One Warm Up

Work in groups.

Your imagination

is encouraged!

Make up a story with the following elements.

woodlands an owl

a boy

shortbread

an old ladya cottage

To be continued on the next page.

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Compare your story with the text. Have you found anything unexpected?

The end of Story Telling.

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I. Author

II. Berkshire

Part Two Background Part Two Background InformationInformation

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Michael Welzenbach (1954—2001) was an art critic as well as a poet and novelist. He wrote some of the most stimulating criticisms of art and music for the Washington Post.


I.I. Author Author

The end of Author.

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III.III. Berkshire Berkshire Situated in the heart of southern England, the County of Berkshire, also known as "Royal Berkshire" is home to several well-known towns and cities, such as Windsor, where the famous royal retreat Windsor Castle can be found. Another royal connection is the Town of Ascot, famous for its very popular annual horse racing festival— "Royal Ascot". Berkshire also boasts many picturesque villages with views across the River Thames absolutely stunning.


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Berkshire, a county of southern England, that occupies the valleys of the middle Thames and its tributary, the Kennet, immediately to the west of London. Its area is 485 sq mi (1,256 sq km), and it is divided into six districts: Bracknell, Newbury, Reading, Slough, Windsor and Wokingham.


III.III. Berkshire Berkshire Please mark

out Berkshire in

the map given.


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Kennet & Avon Canal


III.III. Berkshire Berkshire

Picture Tour of Berkshire


Shaw House—15th century Elizabethan Manor House

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the Weir at Streatley


the sun setting over the River Thames

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William I the Conqueror (reigned from 1066 to 1087) built the original fortress.

Windsor CastleWindsor

a modern town

situated on the south bank of the River Thames and to the west of London

today a residential and local service center

The end of Berkshire.

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Part Three Text Part Three Text appreciationappreciation


I. Text Analysis 1. General Analysis 2. Theme 3. Structure 4. Further Discussion

II. Writing Devices 1. Homonyms 2. Antithesis 3. Onomatopoeia

III. Sentence Paraphrase

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Plot of the story

Setting of the story

Protagonists of the story

Writing techniques of the

story

Theme of the story

I.I. Text AnalysisText AnalysisHave you

got the key elements in the story?


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Plot: the cultivation of friendship

between a boy and an old lady

Setting: Bear wood

Protagonists: "I" and Mrs. Robertson-

Glasgow

Writing techniques: go to Writing

Devices

Theme of the story: go to the next page

I.I. Text AnalysisText AnalysisFor

reference.

The end of General Analysis.

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I.I. Text AnalysisText Analysis

True friendship is both rare and precious. It exists deep in heart and does not change. It is enduring and rewarding.

Theme of the StoryThe theme is summed up at the very end.

The end of Theme.

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Part 1 (paras. 1─ ) about:

Part 2 (paras. ) about:





Structure of the Text

4

5─23

24─27

28─37

The lonely boy found his pleasure in Bear Wood.

The boy met Mrs. Robertson-Glasgow in the Bear Wood and they became best friends.

Mrs. Robertson-Glasgow became sick and dead while their friendship flourished more than ever before.

The revelation of true love.

The end of Structure.

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Differences

Similarities

Friendship Between Two Souls

old English woman lost her husband

12 American boy separated from friends

1. lonely

2. common interest—nature and knowledge

3. true love—giving not taking

4. others…

Scan the text and list out the

related information.


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Beauties vs. BeautiesDiscuss

in groups!

Beauties that lie in

the Wood

Beauties that lie in

the friendship

a vaulted cathedral

…

giving but no taking

…


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When I was 12 years old, my family moved to England, the fourth major move in my short life.

In Para. 1

Question: What does the author intend to emphasize, using this sentence as the opening?

The author intends to impress the readers that the boy disliked moving very much. The

comparison formed between "12" and "4" is impressive.


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Question: What can you learn from the first 3 sentences of Paragraph 2?

From the "Background information" we've already got a good idea that in Berkshire there are lots of historic interests, including some famous ancient castles. For little boys, ancient castles usually mean brave explorations and endless pursuit of mysterious treasures. The boy, however, had no taste for these kinds of things. Instead, he just loved nature. Maybe besides this reason, he was also trying to avoid any involvement with other boys.


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I.I. Text AnalysisText AnalysisPay

attention to the

wording. Question: In the beginning of the story, what did Bear Wood mean to the little boy?

• heaven—but a lonely heaven (Was he really happy about the situation?)

• a secret fortress (What to defend? Did it form attachments or loneliness?)

• almost a holy place (Why holy?)

• a private paradise (Who was going to intrude into it?)


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I.I. Text AnalysisText Analysis Question: What is the implication of Paragraph 7?

Question: The owls are "introduced", "not native". What is indicated here?

Following the 6 short sentences connected by 5 "ands" and 1 "so", the readers can feel, in a vivid way, the boy is not at ease and is eager to leave.

In fact, neither the old lady nor the little boy is native in Berkshire. The only common thing is that they can share nature peacefully and happily with the introduced animals.


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I.I. Text AnalysisText AnalysisComparison and contrast

Question: Compare the two sentences."… she was growing frailer and less inclined to laugh.""I began to grow quickly. I played soccer and made a good friend."

With time passing, the old lady was dying; at the meantime, with the inspiration of the friendship, the boy was developing into a confident and open-minded boy and no longer afraid of having new friends.


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I.I. Text AnalysisText AnalysisIn Para. 26

Question: What is the implication here?

The old lady was so kind to the boy. She was so involved in furthering the communication with the boy that he even failed to notice how ill she was. Of course, because she was quite open to him, he could understand her loneliness.

I suspected, of course, that she was lonely; I did not know she was ill.


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Image studyQuestion: Why does the image of "the biscuit tin" reoccur so many times in the last part of the story?

Such an image entails a lot:

• the finest shortbread in the world made by the old lady;

• the everlasting friendship between them;

• the kindness best shown by the boy's favorite snacks even before her death;

• the odds and ends kept to remind how much the boy had learned from the old lady—not only knowledge about nature, but also about lively life and rewarding friendship.


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How did the boy come to live in England?

How did he like the frequent moves?

What did he usually do to amuse himself?

Why did Bear Wood become his favorite?

How did the boy come to meet Mrs. Robertson-Glasgow?

How did they become friends?


Further Discussion About the Story


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Why did they enjoy each other's company so much?

What did the boy discover about the elderly woman?

Can you imagine what kind of life she had had?

How did the boy suddenly lose his dear friend?

Why did the boy remember so fondly his days in the Bear Wood?

Retell the story in your own words.


Further Discussion About the Story

The end of Further Discussion.

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II.II. Writing Writing DevicesDevices

Homonyms

Bear Wood

a large strong animal stand sth. difficult or unpleasant

Homonyms: words that happen to have the same sound and often the same spelling but differ in meaning. In dictionaries, they are put in different entries.

More examples


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Homonyms

1. A ___ is an animal.

a. bare

b. bear

2. When it ___, it pours.

a. rains

b. reigns

c. reins

3. It is dishonest to ___.

a. steal

b. steel

4. A ___ is a type of tree.

a. beach

b. beech


1. b

2. a

3. a

4. b

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Homonyms

5. Take me ___ your leader!

a. to

b. too

c. two

6. What a ___ of good milk!

a. waist

b. waste

7. My ___ is naturally curly.

a. hair

b. hare

8. The team ___ the playoffs.

a. won

b. one


5. a

6. b

7. a

8. a

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Homonyms

9. She vanished into thin ___.

a. airb. heir

10. The ___ of France is Paris.

a. capital b. capitol

11. Come ___ right this minute!

a. hear b. here

12. The window ___ was cracked.

a. pain b. pane

The end of Homonyms.

9. a

10. a

11. b

12. b

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Antithesis

Familiarity sometimes makes people physically invisible, for you find yourself talking to the heart—to the essence, as it were, rather than to the face. (26)

Antithesis: the relation between successive units that are put in contrast

a pair of antitheses"what is deep down"

vs. "what can be physically seen"


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Antithesis: More Examples

Caring for a family member yourself can be enriching and rewarding but also demanding and draining.

As a spot on the weather map, Rochester is one chilly town. But as a model for educational reform, it's shaping up as the hottest place in America.

Terms like liberal and conservative do more to muddle than to clarify.

Translation. Pay special attention to the italic words.

Keys

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自己照顾家人，虽然可以让你在心灵上得到充实和回报，但这也是一份对你要求很高、甚至使你精疲力尽的工作。

在气象图上，罗彻斯特只是一个寒冷的小城。但作为教育改革的典范，该城市正渐渐成为全美的炙热焦点。

自由、保守等字眼非但没有澄清反倒让人糊涂。

Antithesis: More Examples

The end of Antithesis.

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… I’d leave the bright sun and the twitter and

rustle of insects and animals outside and creep

into another world—a vaulted cathedral,…(4)

Onomatopoeia: the formation of words that are like natural sounds

Onomatopoeia

More examples


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Onomatopoeia: More Examples

the twitter of birds the rustle of leaves the hiss of the snake the gurgle of the water the cracking of the fire the banging of the door the fluttering of the flag the rumbling of the waves the tick-tock of the clock

Can you imitate the sounds of

these words?


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Tom Carvel, 84, the ice-cream

tycoon whose voice—a near-

indescribable mix of grumble,

mumble, rasp and gasp―

peddled his company’s wares

in radio and TV ads for 35

years, died in his sleep in Pine

Plains, N.Y., Oct. 21.

汤姆 · 卡维尔 10 月 21 日在睡眠中卒于纽约州松原市，终年 84 岁。他在世时是冰淇淋业大亨，在无线电及电视广告中推销自己公司的产品达 35 年之久。他的声音是一种几乎无法描述的

_____________________ _____________________ 的混合

物。嘟嘟囔囔、咕咕哝哝、嘎喳嘎喳、噗哧噗哧



Translation. Pay special attention to the underlined words.

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"What be ye looking at?" asked a man who had not observed the incident."Ho-ho-ho!" laughed dark Car."Hee-hee-hee!" laughed the tippling bride, as she steadied herself on the arm of her fond husband."Heu-heu-heu!" laughed dark Car's mother, stroking her moustache as she explained laconically, "Out of the frying-pan into the fire!" From Tess of the d’Urbervilles Chapter 10

by Thomas Hardy

For appreciation.

The end of Writing Devices.

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III.III. Sentence Sentence Paraphrase 1Paraphrase 1

When I was 12 years old, my family moved to

England, the fourth major move in my short

life. (1)

When I was 12 years old, my family moved to England, which was the fourth major move in my short life.

noun phrase

as a condensed non-restrictive relative clause

More examples

go to 2


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III.III. Sentence Sentence Paraphrase Paraphrase

1. Lottie grinned, a real wide open grin.

2. His father was laughing, a queer sobbing sort of a laugh.

back to 1

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My father's government job demanded that he go overseas every few years, so I was used to wrenching myself away from friends. (1)

twisting and pulling myself violently away from friends

subjunctive mood

not "went" or "goes"

go to 3

More examples


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III.III. Sentence Sentence ParaphraseParaphrase

1. In the past men generally preferred that their wives _______ in the home.A. worked B. would workC. work D. were working

2. Jean Wagner's most enduring contribution to the study of Afro-American poetry is his insistence that it ______ in a religious as well as worldly frame of reference.A. is to be analyzedB. had been analyzedC. be analyzedD. should have been analyzed

C C

back to 2

Key

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Loving nature, however, I was most delighted by the endless patchwork of farms and woodland that surrounded our house. (2)

However, as (because) I loved nature, I was really very happy to enjoy the endless pieces of farms and woods around our house.

farms that look like small pieces of cloth of different colors when seen from far above

present participle phrase, showing the

reason

go to 4

More examples


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1. Being a few minutes late, he was dismissed.

2. Having been criticized, he made up his mind to improve his work thoroughly.

back to 3

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In the deep woods that verged against our back fence, a network of paths led almost everywhere, and pheasants rocketed off into the dense laurels ahead as you walked. (2)

was close to; was at the edge or on the border of

a system of roads that cross each other and are connected to each other

pheasants went off like rocketsgo to 5

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Keeping to myself was my way of not forming attachments that I would only have to abandon the next time we moved. (3)

not mixing with or talking to other people

I did not try to make many friends because in that way I did not have to give up my friendship the next time I had to move.

gerund phrases

go to 6

More examples


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1. You can have it for the asking.2. I feel like going shopping today. How about

you?3. Our family make a point of going to church

every Sunday.4. The old lady had great difficulty getting on

the bus.5. The children are having fun playing on the

playground.

back to 5

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My own breathing rang in my ears, and the slightest stirring of any woodland creature echoed through this private paradise. (4)

movement

I could even hear my own breathing, and even the lightest movement of any bird or animal in the wood could be heard throughout this paradise.

gerund phrase

go to 7

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I proceeded quietly, careful not to alarm a bird

that might loudly warn other creatures to hide.

(5)

moved

I moved quietly and carefully so that I would not alarm any bird which might loudly warn other animals in the woods to hide.

an adjective phrase:

functioning as subject complement, which denotes the state the subject is in

go to 8

More examples


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1. "They're not?" I asked, fascinated.

2. At a quarter to three, he got up and crept

downstairs, careful of the creaky boards,

and let himself out.

3. The cows looked at him, sleepy and

surprised.

back to 7

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Soon I saw a small brick cottage that glowed pinkly in the westering sun. (18)

Soon I saw a small brick cottage shining with a

pink color in the sun that was moving toward

the west.

go to 9

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…and my well of knowledge about

natural history began to brim over. (24)

spring or fountain

I began to know much about natural history, too much for a boy of my age.

overflowmetaphor:

knowledge linked to a well

exaggeration:

having knowledge overflowing

go to 10

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Familiarity sometimes makes people physically invisible, for you find yourself talking to the heart—to the essence, as it were, rather than to the face. (26)

the most important quality of sth.; the thing that makes sth. what it is

When people get to know each other really well, sometimes they don't notice physical changes. The boy did not see that his friend, the old lady, was getting weaker and weaker because all the time he was talking to her heart, rather than to her face.

comparison

to A rather than to B

used to describe sth. in a way that is not quite accurate

go to 11

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III.III. Sentence Sentence Paraphrase Paraphrase 1111

My mother was regarding me with a strange

gentleness. (29)

My mother was looking at me with a

strange gentleness because she wanted to

break the news gently so that I would not

take it too hard.

go to 12

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It is a wisdom tutored by nature itself, about the seen and the unseen, about things that change and things that are changeless, and about the fact that no matter how seemingly different two souls may be, they possess the potential for that most precious, rare thing—an enduring and rewarding friendship. (37)

I learn a lot of knowledge, taught by nature itself, about the things I can see—the birds, insects, trees, and flowers, and the things I cannot see—ideas, scientific laws and principles. I also learn a lot about the things that change, including life itself, as well as the things that are changeless like friendship, love, and many basic values.

The end of Sentence Paraphrase.

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I. Word Study

II. Phrases and Expressions

III.Word Building

IV. Grammar

Part Four Language StudyPart Four Language Study

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I.I. Word StudyWord StudyWord list:

1. attachment

2. dangle

3. dense

4. earn

5. extend

6. familiarity

7. frail

15. regard

16. roam

17. stand

18. sting

19. suspect

20. trespass

21. wrench

8. identify

9. impenetrable

10. incline

11. nickname

12. offer

13. private

14. proceed

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I.I. Word StudyWord Study

1. attachment

n. affection; devotion

Examples:

As a teenager she formed a strong attachment to one of her teachers.

She has already formed a strong attachment to her baby brother.

feel a strong attachment to one's family

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2. dangle

v. a. to hang or swing loosely b. to offer as an attraction

Examples:

A pair of binoculars dangled from her neck.

He sat on the edge of the table dangling his

legs.

They might do the job if you dangle a bonus

in front of them.

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3. dense a. a. closely packed or crowded together

b. difficult to see through c. stupid

Classify the following words into 3 groups according to a, b and c.

a dense crowd dense laurels

a dense metal a dense fog

a dense mist dense traffic

a man with a dense brain

a

a

b

b

a

a

c

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4. earn

v. a. to receive a certain amount of money for the work you dob. to get something you deserve

Examples:

Now that you are earning, you should think

about buying a house.

He earned a lot of praise from the papers

for the way he handled the strike.

More examples


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earn a well-earned reward

earned income

earn one's bread

earn one's own living



应得的报酬劳动收入谋生，挣钱自食其力

Translation

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Examples:

The man extended his hand: "I'm Chuck."

He refused to take the hand I extended in

friendship.

He extended his hand in greeting.



v. If someone extends his hand, he stretches out his arm and hand to shake hands with someone.

5. extend

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6. familiarity

n. a. thorough knowledge (of) b. the freedom of behavior only

expected in the most friendly relations

a. familiar

v. familiarize

Word formations

Examples:

His familiarity with the language impressed us all.

They greeted each other with such familiarity that we thought they must be brother and sister.

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Examples:

She lay in bed looking particularly frail.

The frail craft rocked as he clambered in.

fragileweakslight

delicate

Synonyms



a. a. (someone) not very strong or healthy

b. (something) easily broken or

damaged

7. frail

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I.I. Word StudyWord Study8. identify

v. a. to prove or show the identity ofb. to discover or recognize

Examples:

She was asked to identify the criminal.

The dead man has been identified as Mr.

James Gould.

They have now identified the main cause of

the problem.

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9. impenetrable

a. a. impossible to go into or throughb. extremely difficult or impossible to

understand

the impenetrable forest

impenetrable by a bullet

impenetrable darkness

an impenetrable mystery

a mind impenetrable by/to new ideas

a

a

b

b

a

1. 密林

2. 子弹打不穿的

3. 漆黑

4. 难解之谜

5. 不接受新思想的顽固头脑

Translation

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I.I. Word StudyWord Study10. incline

v. a. to influence or encourage to have a particular feeling, belief, etc.

b. to tend to; be likely to show a particular state of quality

c. to cause to move downwardsExamples:

Her arguments incline me towards a

different view of the matter.

I incline to get tired easily.

He inclined his head in greeting.

More examples


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incline a post against the wall incline one's ear to sb.be inclined to go by airHis attitude did not incline me to help him. Are you inclined for a walk?incline to traditional wayincline toward the speaker to hear more clearlyRight incline!

把柱子靠墙斜立着侧耳倾听某人讲话想要坐飞机去他的态度使我不想帮

助他。你想散步吗？喜爱传统的做法将身子倾向讲话者，

以便听得更清楚些。半面向右转走 !

Translation

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11. nickname

n. a name used informally instead of a person's own name connected with one's character or history

first name Christian name

surname last name

family name maiden name

pet name fake name

pseudonym pen name

stage name anonymity

Related words

名

姓，绰号

姓

爱称，昵称

假名，笔名

艺名

教名，洗礼名

姓

女子的娘家姓氏

假名

笔名

匿名

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• He offered me his seat. • offer a few ideas• offer the house for ￡ 1,000• offer ￡ 1,000 for the house• accept/decline an offer• make an offer (of) • on offer• receive an offer

12. offer

他把他的座位让给了我。提几点意见房屋要价一千镑对该房屋出价一千镑接受 / 不接受提议提议；提供，出价出卖接受提议

Translation

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private life private coach/teacher/tutor private propertyprivate ownershipa private secretarya private carprivate businessprivate affairs/concernsprivate informationa private soldierfor sb.'s private ear in private (criticism in private)



私生活家庭教师，私人教师私有财产私有制私人秘书私家车个人的事，私事私事，隐秘的事非正式消息士兵，列兵只私下里跟某人讲秘密地 ( 背后批评 )

13. privateTranslation

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14. proceed

v. a. to begin or continue in a course of action or set of actions

b. to advance; move in a particular directionExamples:

The work is proceeding according to plan.

He paused to consult his notes, and then proceeded with his questions.

Passengers for the New York flight should now proceed to Gate 13.

More examples


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proceed to London proceed to the next businessPlease proceed with your story.diseases that proceed from dirtproceed to the degreeproceed with one's work

去伦敦着手另一项工作请继续讲下去。

因为不清洁引起的疾病

得学位继续干下去（尤指停顿一段时间后）

Translation

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Examples:She regarded him curiously for a moment.I have always regarded him highly.You have no regard for my feelings.in that regardwith regard toregardless ofas regards/regarding



v. a. to look at, observe, watch carefully b. to consider in the stated way

n. respectful attention; consideration

15. regard

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ramble

stray

wander



16. roam

v. to wander without any very clear purpose

Synonyms

Examples:

The lovers roamed across the fields in

complete forgetfulness of the time.

Crowds of youths roamed the streets

looking for trouble.

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17. stand

n. a small often outdoor place

Examples: a stand of trees/wheat an ice-cream stand a book stand a newspaper stand open stands a good stand of timber

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prickwoundpaininflame



18. sting (stung, stung)

n. & v. to hurt or make something hurt with a sudden sharp pain for a short time

Examples:I stared out of the window, tears stinging my eyes.

He was stung by the

• bee/wasp/

scorpion/nettle.• icy wind/oils/

sprays/smoke.• condemnation/

harsh words/criticism.

Synonyms

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n. suspicion

a. suspicious

a. suspectable



19. suspect

v. a. to think that something is probably true or likely, esp. something bad

b. to think that someone is probably guilty c. to doubt the truth of something

n. a person who is suspected of guilt, esp. in a crime

Word formation

Examples:They suspect him of murder.

The police have arrested two suspects.

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infringe

intrude

transgress



20. trespass

v. to enter privately owned property or land without permission

n. an act or offence of trespassing

Examples:

She was trespassing on my special place.

One more trespass I must make on your

patience. I shall trespass on your

hospitality.

Synonyms

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21. wrench

v. to twist and pull with force n. a. a feeling of sadness caused by leaving b. a place or a person that you love

Examples:

to wrench a door off its hinges

He managed to wrench himself free.

Leaving home was a terrible wrench for him.

The end of Word Study.

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List:

1. as it were

2. brim over

3. catch one's breath

4. keep to oneself

5. not nearly enough

6. odds and ends

7. put sb. at ease

8. set off

9. warn against

II.II. Phrases and Phrases and ExpressionsExpressions

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used indicating not very accurate

1. as it were 可谓，好像

Cf. as it is


Examples:I'd understood the words, but I didn't, as it were, understand the question.

He is, as it were, a walking dictionary.

The English, the Scots and the Welsh are all, as it were, members of the same family.


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Examples:I want to work at home on a Tuesday but as it is sometimes it's a Wednesday or a Thursday.

I thought things would get better, but as it is they are getting worse.

as it is 事实上


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to overflow

2. brim over


Examples:a glass brimming over with water

brim over with excitement, happiness, joy, etc.

I noticed Dorabella was brimming over with excitement.

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to stop breathing for a moment from surprise, fear, shock, etc.

3. catch one's breath


“Breath” phrases

Examples:

She caught her breath, instinctively touching her throat with her hand.

John caught his breath as Nikko nearly dropped the bottle.

He had stopped to catch his breath.


B T L EW



at a breath

be short of breath

above one's breath

draw a breath

hold/keep one's breath

in a breath

out of breath

take breath

一口气

上气不接下气

大声，说出声

吸一口气

屏息

一瞬间，一口气

大喘气，上气不接下气

歇一口气

B T L EW

不交际 ,

不与人往来



4. keep to oneself

to avoid meeting people socially

Chinese

Example:

Nobody knows much about him; he keeps very much to himself.

B T L EW


far from enough; not enough

5. not nearly enough

1. 差得很远。

2. 当时移居来这个地区的人很少。


Translation

Examples:

It's not nearly enough.

There weren't nearly enough people to

settle all that land.

B T L EW


small articles of various kinds, without much value

6. odds and ends


Examples:The old round tin was filled up with countless other odds and ends.

He only heard some odds and ends.

B T L EW


to make sb. feel relaxed

7. put/set sb. at ease“Ease” phrases


Examples:

He had been dreading their meeting but her

warm welcome soon put him at ease.

I never feel at ease in his company.


B T L EW


Finish the task at your ease.

He felt ill at ease in the strange surroundings.

He led a life of ease.

He passed the test with ease.


B T L EW


to start a journey

8. set off


“Set” phrases

Examples:

We set off.

He set off for his remote farmhouse in Texas.

She set off, full of optimism.


B T L EW



set about

set in

set off

set to

set back

set up

set down

set out

开始，下手，着手

开始，来到

出发；使爆炸

认真着手

阻碍，使受挫折

竖起，建立

放下；制定

出发，动身

B T L EW


to warn someone not to do something

9. warn against


The end of Phrases and Expressions.

Examples:

I had been warned against going off with strangers.

He warned me against going there at night.

B T L EW


III.III. Word BuildingWord BuildingList:

1. Prefix： bi-

2. Root： ocular

3. Suffix： -ify

B T L EW


III.III. Word BuildingWord Building

binoculars (6)binoculars (6)

prefix

root

bi-: double, two, twice

biannualbicameralbicoloredbiennialbifurcatedbigamybilingualbimonthlybipodbipolarbisexualbiweekly

每年两次的（议会）两院制的二色的每两年一次的分叉的重婚两种语言的两个月一次的两脚架有两极的两性的隔周的

B T L EW


ocul: eye

ocularoculistoculomotorbinocularmonocularocular defeatocular proof

眼睛的，视觉的，像眼睛的眼科医生使眼球动的，动眼的

双眼并用的， (pl.)双筒望远镜单眼的视力缺陷目证

binoculars (6)binoculars (6)

prefix

root


B T L EW


v. a. to make or become b. to fill with

Examples:

to purify (= make or become pure)

to clarify (= make or become clear)

to terrify (= fill with terror)

Suffix -ify

More examples



B T L EW


class fortification identification justice purity satisfaction simplicity signification glory quality

Suffix -ify


Give corresponding verbs of the

following nouns.

classify fortify identify justify purify satisfy simplify signify glorify qualify

The end of Word Building.

B T L EW


IV.IV. GrammarGrammarApposition Apposition

Definition:A syntactic relation in which an element is juxtaposed to another element of the same kind ， especially between noun phrases that do not have distinct referents.

Example:Do you know my wife Lucy?

Lucy is in apposition to my wife.


B T L EW


It was my secret fortress, almost a holy place.

The fortress is almost a holy place.

Apposition Apposition

IV.IV. GrammarGrammar


B T L EW


I'd leave the bright sun and the twitter and rustle of insects and animals outside and creep into another world—a vaulted cathedral.

The world is like a cathedral with a vaulted ceiling.




B T L EW


But she sent me home with two large tomes, one full of beautiful illustrations of birds, and one of butterflies and other insects.

One of the large tomes was full of beautiful illustrations of birds and the other was full of butterflies and other insects.



More examples


B T L EW


A few years later Michael had another good idea, to trade stamps by advertising in stamp magazines.

If the baby is truly abandoned or orphaned —something you can learn only by watching it from a distance for an hour or more—you have a decision to make.

We are faced with a big trouble: how to get the license legally.



Analyze the grammatical function of the italic parts.

The end of Grammar.

B T L EW


Part Five After-Class Part Five After-Class AssignmentAssignment

Write

On Friendship

1. What is true friendship?

2. Why can't we live without friendship?

3. How could we gain true friendship?

The end of Writing.

Documents

Wisdom of Bear Wood