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Wiring for WirelessTM
with Twisted Pair CablingBree Murphy, RCDDApplications Engineer
Oberon, Inc.
Wiring for WirelessTM
with Twisted Pair CablingBree Murphy, RCDDApplications Engineer
Oberon, Inc.
Effective ______________, BICSI recognizes Wiring for WirelessTM Part 1 training for the following BICSI Continuing Education Credits (CECs).
RCDD RITP ESS NTS OSP WD Installer 2 Cu/Fiber
Technician Cert. Trainer
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
“Note: Recognition of BICSI CECs does not mean that BICSI endorses, accredits, approves, or sanctions a course in any way.CECs are assigned based upon represented course content only and are not the result of an in-depth evaluation of instructional quality.”
- WiFi Infrastructure mounting solutions for a professional and secure installation
- Designed and tested by wireless engineers!
- Widest selection of installation solutions in the industry
• Secure
• Convenient
• Aesthetic
- WiFi Infrastructure mounting solutions for a professional and secure installation
- Designed and tested by wireless engineers!
- Widest selection of installation solutions in the industry
• Secure
• Convenient
• Aesthetic
Aruba NetworksEcosystem Partner
Aruba NetworksEcosystem Partner
Cisco SolutionsPartner
Cisco SolutionsPartner
Wiring for WirelessTMWiring for WirelessTM
AgendaPart I
Growth in the Mobile Data and WiFi Market
TSB-162-A Cabling Guidelines for Wireless Access Points
Planning the Wiring Infrastructure for Wireless LANThe BIG 6 concerns to consider!
Part II
Special Considerations for Different Verticals:Hospitals Public VenuesSchools Stadiums
AgendaPart I
Growth in the Mobile Data and WiFi Market
TSB-162-A Cabling Guidelines for Wireless Access Points
Planning the Wiring Infrastructure for Wireless LANThe BIG 6 concerns to consider!
Part II
Special Considerations for Different Verticals:Hospitals Public VenuesSchools Stadiums
Wiring for WirelessTMWiring for WirelessTM
Global Mobile Traffic
• Grew 74% in 2015
• Will increase nearly eightfold by 2020.
• Per (CAGR) mobile data traffic will grow 53 percent eachyear for the next 4 years, reaching 30.6 Exabyte's permonth by 2020.
• By 2020 there will be 11.6 billion mobile-connected devices, including M2M modules—exceeding the world’s projected population at that time (7.8 billion). Interesting?
Global Mobile Traffic
• Grew 74% in 2015
• Will increase nearly eightfold by 2020.
• Per (CAGR) mobile data traffic will grow 53 percent eachyear for the next 4 years, reaching 30.6 Exabyte's permonth by 2020.
• By 2020 there will be 11.6 billion mobile-connected devices, including M2M modules—exceeding the world’s projected population at that time (7.8 billion). Interesting?
Cisco VNI 2019 ForecastCisco VNI 2019 ForecastCisco VNI 2019 Forecast
Wiring for WirelessTMWiring for WirelessTM
Source: Cisco VNI Mobile, 2016
IP Traffic by Access TechnologyIP Traffic by Access TechnologyIP Traffic by Access Technology
Wiring for WirelessTMWiring for WirelessTM
Global Mobile Growth by Device typeGlobal Mobile Growth by Device typeGlobal Mobile Growth by Device type
Figures in parentheses refer to 2015, 2020 device share.Dominating traffic?
Source: Cisco VNI Mobile, 2016
Wiring for WirelessTMWiring for WirelessTM
Wiring for WirelessTM
Fundamentals:
TIA-TSB-162-A
Cabling Guidelines for Wireless Access Points
Wiring for WirelessTM
Fundamentals:
TIA-TSB-162-A
Cabling Guidelines for Wireless Access Points
TSB-162-A –Guidelines for Wireless
Telecommunications Systems Bulletin TSB162-A Telecommunications Cabling Guidelines for Wireless Access Points (APs)
Provides guidelines - Topology- Design- Installation- Testing of cabling infrastructure
All to support the WLAN
TSBTSB--162162--A A ––Guidelines for Wireless Guidelines for Wireless
Telecommunications Systems Bulletin TSB162Telecommunications Systems Bulletin TSB162--A A Telecommunications Cabling Guidelines for Wireless Access PointsTelecommunications Cabling Guidelines for Wireless Access Points (APs)(APs)
Provides guidelines Provides guidelines -- TopologyTopology-- DesignDesign-- InstallationInstallation-- Testing of cabling infrastructure Testing of cabling infrastructure
All to support the WLANAll to support the WLAN
TSB-162-A Guidelines for Wireless
“TSB-162-A states” that cabling (for wireless access points) should be installed and performance tested per existing 568-C.2 standards.
“Determination of exact cell size and placement of the wireless access point (WAP) is outside the scope of the TSB (perform a site survey or simulation).”
TSBTSB--162162--A Guidelines for WirelessA Guidelines for Wireless
““TSBTSB--162162--A statesA states”” that cabling (for wireless access that cabling (for wireless access points) should be installed and performance tested points) should be installed and performance tested per existing 568per existing 568--C.2 standards.C.2 standards.
““Determination of exact cell size and placement of the wireless Determination of exact cell size and placement of the wireless access point (WAP) is outside the scope of the TSB (perform a access point (WAP) is outside the scope of the TSB (perform a site survey or simulation).site survey or simulation).””
TSB-162-A Pre-Cabling Guidelines for Wireless Access PointsTSBTSB--162162--A A PrePre--CablingCabling Guidelines Guidelines for Wireless Access Pointsfor Wireless Access Points
r=13m(42 ft)
Hmax=80 m(262 ft)
Patch=6m(20 ft)
TO
AP
TR
EQUIPMENT(switch)
Lmax=13 m(42 ft)
3,600 sq.ft. square cell
5,540 sq.ft. circular cell
TO
TO
TO
TO
X=18.3 m(60 ft)
Meeting room
Equipment in the Telecom Room
TSB-162-A Pre-Cabling Guidelines for Wireless Access PointsTSBTSB--162162--A PreA Pre--Cabling Guidelines Cabling Guidelines for Wireless Access Pointsfor Wireless Access Points
TSB-162-A Cabling Guidelines for Wireless Access PointsContinued…
• Consider maintenance and security of the APs.
• The use of an enclosure is recommended in areas wherephysical security is a concern.
- Metal housing or non metallic housing, lockable- Hinged door for easy removal during upgrades- Low visual profile for aesthetics- Should provide knockouts for cable installation- Suitable brackets for wall or ceiling
TSBTSB--162162--A Cabling Guidelines A Cabling Guidelines for Wireless Access Pointsfor Wireless Access PointsContinuedContinued……
•• Consider maintenance and security of the APs.Consider maintenance and security of the APs.
•• The use of an enclosure is recommended in areas whereThe use of an enclosure is recommended in areas wherephysical security is a concern. physical security is a concern.
-- Metal housing or non metallic housing, lockableMetal housing or non metallic housing, lockable-- Hinged door for easy removal during upgradesHinged door for easy removal during upgrades-- Low visual profile for aestheticsLow visual profile for aesthetics-- Should provide knockouts for cable installationShould provide knockouts for cable installation-- Suitable brackets for wall or ceilingSuitable brackets for wall or ceiling
Planning the Wiring Infrastructure
for Wireless LAN
Planning the Wiring Infrastructure
for Wireless LAN
Wiring for WirelessTMWiring for WirelessTM
Challenge Statement:
Provide a Wired infrastructure for a wireless LAN which will last for at least 15 years.
Here are the BIG 6!
Challenge Statement:
Provide a Wired infrastructure for a wireless LAN which will last for at least 15 years.
Here are the BIG 6!
Wiring for WirelessTMWiring for WirelessTM
6 facts to consider:
1) The access points will be physically swapped out every 3-5 years
2) The access point’s throughput will increase by a factor of 10Xevery 5 years
3) The access point’s power requirement, supplied by Power overEthernet (PoE), will increase
4) The access point (AP) density will increase, requiring additionalcabling to new AP locations
5) The wireless LAN will provide additional services in the future whichare not clearly defined at this moment, including VoWiFi, locationbased services, telemetry and others.
6) Network PHY and MAC standards evolving
6 facts to consider:
1) The access points will be physically swapped out every 3-5 years
2) The access point’s throughput will increase by a factor of 10Xevery 5 years
3) The access point’s power requirement, supplied by Power overEthernet (PoE), will increase
4) The access point (AP) density will increase, requiring additionalcabling to new AP locations
5) The wireless LAN will provide additional services in the future whichare not clearly defined at this moment, including VoWiFi, locationbased services, telemetry and others.
6) Network PHY and MAC standards evolving
Wiring for WirelessTMWiring for WirelessTM
1) Why are access points going to be physicallyreplaced every 3-5 years?
Emerging wireless (IEEE 802.11__ __) standards
Improvements in signal processing technology (I.E MU-MIMOversus SU-MIMO- see next slide)
Improvements in throughput due to added unlicensedspectrum
Emerging capabilities and features in the access point
1) Why are access points going to be physicallyreplaced every 3-5 years?
Emerging wireless (IEEE 802.11__ __) standards
Improvements in signal processing technology (I.E MU-MIMOversus SU-MIMO- see next slide)
Improvements in throughput due to added unlicensedspectrum
Emerging capabilities and features in the access point
Single-User Multiple Input-Multiple Output (SU-MIMO)- 3 Spatial Streams (3SS) serve only 1 client at a time
Multi-User Multiple Input-Multiple Output (MU-MIMO) User- 3 Spatial Streams (3SS) serve three 1 SS clients at a time
Single-User Multiple Input-Multiple Output (SU-MIMO)- 3 Spatial Streams (3SS) serve only 1 client at a time
Multi-User Multiple Input-Multiple Output (MU-MIMO) User- 3 Spatial Streams (3SS) serve three 1 SS clients at a time
Cisco will ride the 802.11ac Wave2, Bill Rubino, Cisco Mobility blog
Wiring for WirelessTM
SU-MIMO vs MU-MIMOWiring for WirelessTM
SU-MIMO vs MU-MIMO
1 Continued…
Wiring for WirelessTM
FCC Band allocations 5-6 GHzWiring for WirelessTM
FCC Band allocations 5-6 GHz
IEEE 802.11ac (both Wave 1 and Wave 2) provides:
Over 500 MHz of bandwidth in the 5 GHz band - ChoicesTwenty-five 20 MHz channelsTwelve 40 MHz channelsSix 80 MHz channelsTwo 160 MHz channels (Wave 2 only)
FCC may make an additional 250 MHz of bandwidth in the future!
IEEE 802.11ac (both Wave 1 and Wave 2) provides:
Over 500 MHz of bandwidth in the 5 GHz band - ChoicesTwenty-five 20 MHz channelsTwelve 40 MHz channelsSix 80 MHz channelsTwo 160 MHz channels (Wave 2 only)
FCC may make an additional 250 MHz of bandwidth in the future!
Courtesy of Peter Lane, Aruba Networks- Atmosphere 2015
1 Continued…
What’s the functional difference between 802.11ac Wave 1 and Wave 2?
Wave 1 products have been in use in the market for about 2.5 years.
Wave 2 builds upon Wave 1 with some very significant enhancements:
● Supports speeds to 2.34 Gbps (up from 1.3 Gbps) in the 5 GHz band● Supports multiuser multiple input, multiple output (MU-MIMO)● Offers the option of using 160-MHz-wide channels for greater performance● Offers the option of using a fourth spatial stream for greater performance● Can run in additional 5-GHz bands around the world
Wiring for WirelessTMWiring for WirelessTM
1 Continued…
Wiring for WirelessTM
IEEE 802.11acWiring for WirelessTM
IEEE 802.11ac
What cable category is required to support thefollowing?
• IEEE 802.11ac (both Wave 1 and Wave 2)
• IEEE 802.11a(x)
• Other technologies
What cable category is required to support thefollowing?
• IEEE 802.11ac (both Wave 1 and Wave 2)
• IEEE 802.11a(x)
• Other technologies
1 Continued…
Wiring for WirelessTM
Access Point ThroughputWiring for WirelessTM
Access Point Throughput
2) The access point’s throughput will increase by a factor of10X every 7.5 years, based on history
2) The access point’s throughput will increase by a factor of10X every 7.5 years, based on history
Wireless LANs - PoE's Killer AppPower over EthernetWireless LANs - PoE's Killer AppPower over Ethernet
3) WAP power is most often supplied by Power over EthernetPoE is on the increase
PoE IEEE 802.3af (802.3at Type 1) 2 Pairs 12.95W Exists today
PoE+ IEEE 802.3at Type 2 2 pairs 25.5W Exists today
PoE++Proposed IEEE 802.3bt Type 3 4 pairs 49W 2016
Proposed IEEE 802.3bt Type 4 4 pairs 96W 2016
Non PoE standards basedCisco UPOE 4 pairs 60W exists today
HDBaseT (www.hdbaset.org) 4 pairs 96W exists today
3) WAP power is most often supplied by Power over EthernetPoE is on the increase
PoE IEEE 802.3af (802.3at Type 1) 2 Pairs 12.95W Exists today
PoE+ IEEE 802.3at Type 2 2 pairs 25.5W Exists today
PoE++Proposed IEEE 802.3bt Type 3 4 pairs 49W 2016
Proposed IEEE 802.3bt Type 4 4 pairs 96W 2016
Non PoE standards basedCisco UPOE 4 pairs 60W exists today
HDBaseT (www.hdbaset.org) 4 pairs 96W exists today
Wiring for WirelessTM
Access Point DensityWiring for WirelessTM
Access Point Density
4) The access point density will increase, requiringadditional cabling to new AP locations in the future
“High density” Wi-Fi design is capacity-oriented, NOT coverageoriented
AP density in many hotels and residence halls is 1 AP for each room (Best practice) Continued….
4) The access point density will increase, requiringadditional cabling to new AP locations in the future
“High density” Wi-Fi design is capacity-oriented, NOT coverageoriented
AP density in many hotels and residence halls is 1 AP for each room (Best practice) Continued….
Wiring for WirelessTM
Access Point DensityWiring for WirelessTM
Access Point Density
Per TIA 4966 Standard for Educational Facilities
Use 1 AP for every 25 occupants of classroom orauditorium
Per TIA 4966 Per TIA 4966 Standard for Educational FacilitiesStandard for Educational Facilities
Use 1 AP for every 25 occupants of classroom orUse 1 AP for every 25 occupants of classroom orauditoriumauditorium
4 Continued…
Wiring for WirelessTM
Access Point DensityWiring for WirelessTM
Access Point Density
How Will the access point be mounted to ensure optimum performance?
Cabling and mounting the AP:
- Suspended ceiling - Plenum- Open ceiling- Hard ceiling - On the wall - In high density environment such as an auditorium
or stadium outdoors
How Will the access point be mounted to ensure optimum performance?
Cabling and mounting the AP:
- Suspended ceiling - Plenum- Open ceiling- Hard ceiling - On the wall - In high density environment such as an auditorium
or stadium outdoors
4 Continued…
Wiring for WirelessTM
Additional WiFi servicesWiring for WirelessTM
Additional WiFi services
5) The wireless LAN will provide additional services inthe future, which are not all clearly defined at thismoment
VoWiFi – Already in force
Location based services- higher AP density, 1>2,000sq ft
Telemetry
Blue tooth low energy (BLE)
Cellular and small cell coverage (off loading)
How will this impact the cabling and installation?
5) The wireless LAN will provide additional services inthe future, which are not all clearly defined at thismoment
VoWiFi – Already in force
Location based services- higher AP density, 1>2,000sq ft
Telemetry
Blue tooth low energy (BLE)
Cellular and small cell coverage (off loading)
How will this impact the cabling and installation?
Figures in parentheses refer to 2015, 2020 minutes of use share.Note: VoLTE and VoIP are mobile-specific; VoWiFi could be from any Wi-Fi connection. Circuit-switched mobile voice is excluded from the mix.Source: Cisco VNI Mobile, 2016
Wiring for WirelessTM
Additional WiFi servicesWiring for WirelessTM
Additional WiFi services
Mobile Voice, Minutes of Use by TechnologyMobile Voice, Minutes of Use by Technology5 Continued…
Wiring for WirelessTM
Standards EvolvingWiring for WirelessTM
Standards Evolving
6) Network PHY and MAC standards evolving
1 Gb/s (CAT5e) and 10 Gb/s (CAT6A) standards
Link aggregation – more bandwidth, back up capabilities
NBase-T- Industry effort to create 2.5 Gb/s and 5 Gb/sEthernet over existing (CAT5e or CAT6) cable plant (802.3bz task force)
- Life of cable plant may be extended by new NBase-T standards
6) Network PHY and MAC standards evolving
1 Gb/s (CAT5e) and 10 Gb/s (CAT6A) standards
Link aggregation – more bandwidth, back up capabilities
NBase-T- Industry effort to create 2.5 Gb/s and 5 Gb/sEthernet over existing (CAT5e or CAT6) cable plant (802.3bz task force)
- Life of cable plant may be extended by new NBase-T standards
WiFi ApplicationsWiFi Applications
Special considerations for different verticals
- Hospitals
- Schools
- Hotspots
- Large public venues and stadiums
Special considerations for different verticals
- Hospitals
- Schools
- Hotspots
- Large public venues and stadiums
Part 2
WiFi in HospitalsWiFi in Hospitals
• TIA 1179 – Healthcare Infrastructure Standard
• Hospitals have policies and procedures to mitigate AirborneInfectious Disease.
ICRA procedure simplification (don’t lift ceiling tiles)
HIPPA Compliance (secure the endpoints)
National Electric Code compliance (Plenum rated)
•BICSI 004 Supplemental Information- Guide to Medical Grade Wireless Utility
• TIA 1179 – Healthcare Infrastructure Standard
• Hospitals have policies and procedures to mitigate AirborneInfectious Disease.
ICRA procedure simplification (don’t lift ceiling tiles)
HIPPA Compliance (secure the endpoints)
National Electric Code compliance (Plenum rated)
•BICSI 004 Supplemental Information- Guide to Medical Grade Wireless Utility
Gap in the ceilingGap in the ceiling
ProblemAirborne Infectious Disease moves through plenum space to patient area through these gaps
ProblemAirborne Infectious Disease moves through plenum space to patient area through these gaps
Gap in the ceilingGap in the ceiling
Wiring for WirelessTM
WiFi in HospitalsWiring for WirelessTM
WiFi in Hospitals
Access Points mounted in ceiling enclosures permit :
APs to be installed without poking holes in ceiling tiles
Access to the access point without lifting ceiling tile
Helps simplify ICRA protocols, and they are plenum rated
Access Points mounted in ceiling enclosures permit :
APs to be installed without poking holes in ceiling tiles
Access to the access point without lifting ceiling tile
Helps simplify ICRA protocols, and they are plenum rated
WiFi in SchoolsWiFi in Schools
• 45% of school districts lack sufficient Wi-Fi capacity to move to one-to-one student-to-device deployments which is increasingly necessary to achieve modern digital learning objectives.
• In 2015, the FCC rebooted E-rate funding for robust Wi-Fi networks inside libraries and schools capable of supporting individualized learning
• Increasing the certainty and predictability of funding for Wi-Fi by expanding the five-year budget approach to providing more equitable support for internal connections – known as category two – through funding year 2019
• 45% of school districts lack sufficient Wi-Fi capacity to move to one-to-one student-to-device deployments which is increasingly necessary to achieve modern digital learning objectives.
• In 2015, the FCC rebooted E-rate funding for robust Wi-Fi networks inside libraries and schools capable of supporting individualized learning
• Increasing the certainty and predictability of funding for Wi-Fi by expanding the five-year budget approach to providing more equitable support for internal connections – known as category two – through funding year 2019
Wiring for WirelessTM
WiFi in SchoolsWiring for WirelessTM
WiFi in Schools
Access Points can be recessed into the ceiling with recessed mounting kits to provide a secure, aesthetic, and professional installation.
Access Points can be recessed into the ceiling with recessed mounting kits to provide a secure, aesthetic, and professional installation.
WiFi HotspotsWiFi Hotspots
• Globally, total public WiFi hotspots (including homespots) will grow sevenfold from 2015 to 2020, from 64.2 million in 2015 to 432.5 million by 2020
• Hotspots are installed to offer:– Public WiFi at private homes and offices– Cafés and restaurants, retail chains, hotels, – Airports, transportation stations, public venues, office buildings,
commercial spaces, etc. for customers and guests
• These installations must meet the physical security, accesscontrol, and aesthetics required for various venues
• Globally, total public WiFi hotspots (including homespots) will grow sevenfold from 2015 to 2020, from 64.2 million in 2015 to 432.5 million by 2020
• Hotspots are installed to offer:– Public WiFi at private homes and offices– Cafés and restaurants, retail chains, hotels, – Airports, transportation stations, public venues, office buildings,
commercial spaces, etc. for customers and guests
• These installations must meet the physical security, accesscontrol, and aesthetics required for various venues
Physically protect the WAP and antennaPhysically protect the WAP and antenna
Wiring for WirelessTM
HotspotsWiring for WirelessTM
Hotspots
Mount access points in the preferred horizontal orientation - whether in the ceiling or on the wall - rather than flat on the wall. All leading AP manufacturers recommend this.
Mount access points in the preferred horizontal orientation - whether in the ceiling or on the wall - rather than flat on the wall. All leading AP manufacturers recommend this.
Wiring for WirelessTM
HotspotsWiring for WirelessTM
Hotspots
• Plan for high density WAP installations. A professional installation will provide the physical security, code compliance,
and aesthetics mandated by the environment
• Plan for high density WAP installations. A professional installation will provide the physical security, code compliance,
and aesthetics mandated by the environment
Wiring for WirelessTM
RecommendationsWiring for WirelessTM
Recommendations
WiFi in Large Public Venues and StadiumsWiFi in Large Public Venues and Stadiums
• Anticipate new or re-designed WiFi infrastructure in all suchfacilities over the next few years
• WiFi designs in such venues are extraordinarily challenging
• Special Considerations for • Access Point mounting and protection• Access Point Density• Cabling • Environmental protection
• Anticipate new or re-designed WiFi infrastructure in all suchfacilities over the next few years
• WiFi designs in such venues are extraordinarily challenging
• Special Considerations for • Access Point mounting and protection• Access Point Density• Cabling • Environmental protection
Wiring for WirelessTMWiring for WirelessTM
• Access points and directive antennas may be mounted on the wall to provide zones of coverage
• Access points and directive antennas may be mounted on the wall to provide zones of coverage
Wiring for WirelessTM
Large Public Venues
Wiring for WirelessTM
Large Public Venues
And finally, Access points may be mounted beneath the seats to create smaller cells of coverage
And finally, Access points may be mounted beneath the seats to create smaller cells of coverage
Wiring for WirelessTM
Stadiums
Wiring for WirelessTM
Stadiums