Wireless Power Transmission for Solar Power Satellite

7/30/2019 Wireless Power Transmission for Solar Power Satellite

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WIRELESS POWER TRANSMISSION FORSOLAR POWER SATELLITE


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OUT LINE

1.Executive Summary.

2.SPS System.

3.Recent Technologies and research Antenna and Transmitters-

Beam Control, Target Detection, Propagation

Receivers and Rectifiers

4.Efficiency.

5.Radio Science Influences and Effect of SPS.


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Executive Summary

Difference Between

- Communication System.

- WPT System.

Typical WPT is point point power transmission.


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Famous taper method.

1.Gaussion Taper.

2.Taylor Distribution.

3.Chebychev Distribution.

suppression of side lobe

To increase the power transmission efficiency.


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Wireless Power Transmission Options

for Space Solar Power

Far Term Space Systems to beam power to Earth Radio-Wave WPT System

Light-Wave Systems

In a Light wave system highly concentrated solar radiation

would be injected into the laser medium (direct solar

pumping) and transmitted to earth and converted to

electricity by photovoltaic cells.

Such system is different from the classical SPS using MPT.


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WPT Wavelength Trade for SSP

ATTRIBUTE WPT Using Radio Waves WPT Using Light WavesAperture Size Large, so system must be large Small; allows flexible system design

Interference Radio Frequency Interference None, except perhaps astronomy

Attenuation Penetrates clouds and light rain Stopped by clouds (need desert area)

Legal Issues FCC, NTIA, ITU ABM treaty, if power density high

InfrastructureRectenna useful for SSP only PV array for both WPT & solar power

Dual Use Crops?; communications? PV arrays on rooftops; "solar"-sails?

Perception Public fears of "cooking" Government fears of "weapons"

Safety Safe (must keep aircraft out of beam) Safe (WPT light intensity < sunlight)

Efficiency (space) High Improving

Efficiency (ground) High Improving

Traceability Heritage to communications & radar MSC-1 and MSC-2 predecessors

Power Mgmt & Dist Heavy, due to centralized WPT Lightweight; WPT can be distributed

Area of Significant Concern

Intermediate Area

Area of Significant Benefit


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SOLAR POWER SATELLITE

SYSTEM


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SPS CONCEPT

It consists of mainly three segment.

1. Solar energy collector

2. DC to Microwave converter

3. Large Antenna Array.


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MSC-1A: Lunar and Mars Power (LAMP) Application

Laser WPT to Photo-Voltaics on the moon or Mars


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RECENT TECHNOLOGIES ANDRESEARCHES

1. Antenna & Transmitter

2. Beam Control, target detection, propogation

3. Receiver & rectifier


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1. ANTENNAS AND TRANSMITTER


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Antennas for Microwave Power Transmission

All antennas can be applied for both the MPT

system and communication system

We have to use a phased array antenna for the

MPT from/to moving Transmitter/receiver.


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Recent Technologies for Transmitters

Generation of Microwave

Need higher efficient generator/amplifier.

Highly efficient beam collection on rectenna array.

Higher stabilized and accurate phase and

Amplitude of microwave when we use phased

array system for the MPT.


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Microwave Generator/Amplifier option for

MPT

1.Microwave Tube (Cooker-type Magnetron)

2.Semiconductor Amplifier.


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Magnetron

Generate and amplify high power microwave (over kW)

with a high voltage (over kV) imposed.

Higher Efficiency.

Low cost.

Unstable freq/Uncontrollable phase.

Very Economical.


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Semiconductor Amplifier

It generate low power micro wave with a low voltage

It is easy to control a phase and amplitude

Especially F class amplifier is expected as high efficient

amplifier for the MPT system.


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Distinguished from the ordinary use of the

microwave technology

1.Pureness in spectrum

2.Efficient power generation and high efficientdetector in a small and light fashion

3.Precise beam control


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Compare the weight by power-weight ratio.


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Compact Microwave Energy Transmitter With PCM


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2.BEAM CONTROL, TARGET DETECTION,

PROPAGATION


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Recent Technologies of Retro directive Beam

Control

1.Corner Reflector

2.Van Atta Array3.Phase conjugate Ckt.


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CONER REFLECTER


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VAN ATTA ARRAY


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PHASE CONJUGATE CIRCUIT


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There are another method for the target detection

is Software Retro directive.

Computer is usually used for the software retrodirective.


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Schematic Picture of Cyclotron Wave Converter


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CWCs Developed in Russia


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EFFICIENCY

1.RF-DC Conversion Efficiency.

2.Beam Collection Efficiency.3.DC-RF Conversion Efficiency.


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1. RF-DC Conversion Efficiency.

Efficiency of Rectenna 80%

Decline of the Efficiency is caused by

-Array connection loss

-Change of connected load

-Trouble of the rectenna

-Any losses on the system(DC/AC conversion, cable)


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(a) Efficiency of 2.4 GHzRectenna

(a) Efficiency of 5.8 GHzRectenna


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2. Beam collection Efficiency

Beam collection efficiency depends .

- transmitter and receiver aperture areas.

- wavelength, and the separation distance between

the two antennas

Efficiency 89%

Decline Efficiency caused by

-Phase

-Frequency

-Amplitude Error on a Phase Array.

The rise of the side lobe decreases antenna gain

and beam collection efficiency.


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3. DC-RF conversion Efficiency.

We do not have to steer a micro-wave beam electrically.

If we need to steer (Guide or control).

We use phase shifter without grating lobes.


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Power loss of the phase shifter is 4-6dB.

- To solve this problem we use low power amplifier

after high loss phase shifter without grating lobes.


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Conclusion

Microwave power Transmission is most suitable for a power transmissionfrom moving transmitters to moving target than other transmissionsmodes.

Accurate Target Detection and High efficient Beam forming By Retrodirective system for Solar Power Satellite.

Compatible with other radio services and Application.

Power transmission efficiency of WPT is higher than that other mode inreference to.

Higher efficient generator amplifier

Highly efficient beam collection rectenna array


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Caution Note

Microwave Power Transmission is Effected on

Human Health.


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THANK YOU

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Wireless Power Transmission for Solar Power Satellite