W IN TE R ...EDITOR dan b u rd enB U SIN E SS M ANAGER r ic k hallGRAPHIC ARTIST m o n te dolackPHOTOGRAPHIC STA FF to m sc h u ltz

m ik e ga u th ier

C on trib u tin g W riters— D r. H . G . M e rr ia m , D r. B ill M y e rs , B o b B e n so n , H a l M a th e w , D o n S c h w e n n e s e n

P h otos by— U .S . F o r e s t S v c , T h e B ig M o u n ta in , J a c k B a lla rd , G re g S ip le , D a v e L in e

I llu stra t io n s— G re g S ip le , R o d W h ite S p ec ia l a s s is ta n ce — L in d a D o la c k , J e n n i f e r E ly ,

S t u a r t H e a s le t, L y s B u rd e n , R o b e r t P e r h a y a n d H o lly W u rl

F R O N T C O V E R — K a im in P h o to b y D an B u r d e n

INSIDE WINTER

IN MEMORIAM T h e S e n tin e l S ta ff p ay s s ile n t tr ib u te to th e e ra of5-15 th e yea rb o o k , as re co rd e d in ch a n g es of s ty le ; an d

re p ro d u c tio n of il lu s tra t io n s an d classic ads. W e see also th e tra n s fo rm a tio n fro m a sm all in tim a te u n iv e rs i ty w h e re ev e ry b o d y kn o w s ev e rybody , th ro u g h a g ra d u a l loss of in d iv id u a lity , to a com ­p u te riz e d tom orrow .

TO THOSE WHO A n e n c o u n te r, re la te d by H a l M ath ew , lea d s usSOM EHOW SURVIVE in to an in tro sp ec tio n . If su rv iv a l re s ts on k n o w l­

edge of self, su rro u n d in g s an d s itu a tio n s , th is w ill s erv e as an im p o rta n t p rim er.

THEY DID THAT? 24-25

1972 CALENDAR (Insert)

Dr. H. G. M erriam , a u th o r of “T h e U n iv e rs ity of M o n tan a . . . A H is to ry ,” c o n tr ib u te s once ag a in to th e U n iv ers ity , ad d in g ip s ig h t in to th e s tu d e n t of y e s te rd a y — 1920-1970.

W h a t can w e say . . .?

26 IN D E F E N S E O F W IN T E R . dan burden

27 W IN T E R SCEN E ...........................greg siple

28 S K IIN G . . . . . . don sch w en n e sen

32 S K I H IK IN G ...................... bob benson

34 SN O W S H O E IN G . . . . dr. b ill m y ers

36 P IC T O R A L PO E M . . . . ja c k ballard

37 SN O W S T U F F ...................... dan burden

40T H E C REM A TIO N O F SA M M cG EE . . . . ro b ert serv ice

Hennessy’sT he Leading Store in M ontana

H ealth fu lInvigor­

ating

Messenger

Parcel

Everything for Everybody Great Flathead Reservation

I d e a lSpringT o n icBijou

P ic tu re Palace

G et the E L E C T R IC H A B IT

W ith purchase of the $7.00 YOURBOOK package (SEN TIN EL) you w ill receive your choice of the above poster blow -ups of M issoula and W estern M ontana ads as they appeared in early 1900 SEN TIN ELS. Indicate your free choice on the questionnaire on page 3. A dditional posters can be purchased for $1.50 each.

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NOTE FROM I EDITOR

Welcome to WINTER! . . . The first of three publications issued during the 71-72 school year. WINTER will be followed by SPRING and SUMMER this year . . . All trial publications. Right now we are a curiosity. Our staff consists of a business manager, editor, graphic artist and two photographers unfam iliar w ith a quarterly production. Yet, we feel we can succeed. The campus has grown to a size too big for a small yearbook; and is resultingly left in a middle ground w ithout a periodical.

Although a daily newspaper and weekly feature section can keep up with more important happenings, a gap is left. The Kaimin, for instance, does not have sufficient funds to run a 16 page feature of the fine arts on a paper stock that w ithstands time. A photo essay is spoiled in the mass of advertising needed to pay for such a section. And a comprehensive feature is difficult to schedule, research and w rite in the short period of a week.

Our form at for this quarter is cautious. We are uncertain both of sales and desired coverage. Your reaction is needed. To help us w ith future issues, and in the design of a w orthwhile campus pub­lication please take the tim e to fill in the enclosed questionnaire (pg. 3). We are seeking additional criticism and recommendations from the Departm ent of Journalism and campus publications across the nation. By summer we will know where we stand. By then we will have gone through numerous refinements.

Additionally, we need to expand our volunteer staff. Obviously, one editor and one graphic artist cannot represent the campus. It takes m any experienced in writing, photography and a rt to make a lively and comprehensive magazine. We need ideas for both photo and w ritten coverage.

U nfortunately, if we fail this year it may be m any years before another publication can be attempted. It is difficult to pull to­gether the necessary funding, equipment, staff, and desire. Your enthusiasm, as expressed in a completed questionnaire or note is needed.

Our next issue, SPRING, will be available at Spring Registration. The form at will depend largely on your response to our questionnaire (page 3). However, we are tentatively sched­uling the following articles. We appreciate ad­ditional recommendations.

Bicycle T ouring

A detailed article on planning, packing and rid­ing a one day, weekend and extended bicycle tour. Numerous maps are being prepared of suggested local 25, 50, 75 and 100 mile tours.

Rock C l im b in g

An article of introduction, emphasizing safety, equipment, and where to get instruction.

K a y ak in g /R a f t in g

How to get started in the brisk excitement of riding the spring runoffs downstream over and around rocks and boulders. How to stay afloat, survive if dunked, read the river, and selection of equipment. Suggested routes for both raft­ing and kayaking, based on stream depth.

R eview of The Arts

Covering literature, music, crafts, prints, the dance and drama.

Education

A special feature covering the educational pro­cess today . . . A close lbok at the Round River Project, Black Studies events, new courses and programs . . . a mention of things to come.

COMING

design your ownA lthough w e’re now a m agazine, no t a yearbook, this year we have the capabilities of recording in a final issue any of the follow ing ( / Check preferences b elo w ).

H elp us pu t together an exciting campus m agazine— Fill in the enclosed question­naire, fold, tape, and drop in a m ailbox— we pay the postage. T hen, watch for im ­provem ents in the S PR IN G issue.

PLEASE M AIL BY JA N U A R Y 15TH

H O W M U CH COVERAGE YEARBOCHeavy Moderate Norte □

Sports □ □ □Entertainm ent nr □ □ □Social Life □ □ □ □G roup Photos □ □ □ □Class Photos □ □ □ □O ther ............... - □ □ □ □

YEARBOOK VS M A G A ZIN E (Check

i M agazine)

EXPENSES VS Q UALITY (I f Several Choices, N um ber in O rder)

□ Tasteful Advertising H ow Should □ Increase PriceW e Finance j- j ASUM Funding

□ Place on Activity Ticket□ O ther . _________ ____

□ ColorIf W e Expand, □ Add Fall Issue

Prefer1 ^ ° U ^ M ore Specials ( i.e. Calendar)□ Additional Pages□ O ther „

□ Reduce Page DimensionsIf W e Cut Back □ Fewer PagesW hich D o You m c-u o c .prefef □ Cheaper Paper Stock

□ O ther

H O W ABOUT . . . Check Sections You Liked

Q Indian Studies Section □ Yearbook Review□ Black Studies Section □ Student Today□ W om en's Lib Section □ W in ter Feature /□ ECO A ction Review □□ Educational Review q §□ Sports Review ;&■> H O W D O Y O U RA TE )□ T H IS ISSUE (

(hirt) 1 a n n o

YO U R STATUS W H E R E PURCHASED

O Purchased $7 Y earbook Q Student Bookstore□ Purchased This Issue □ Local Bookstore

Only [3j Outdoors Store□ Received □ By Mail

C om plim entary Copy □ O ther□ Lifted This Issue□ Bought Y earbook Each

Year in School

FREE POSTER If you purchased the $ 7.00 yearbook package you are entitled to one free poster, to be distributed Spring Regis­tration. (See ad, pg 1) Check choice below.

O lA 0 2B

0 6 F

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O 7G

0 4 0 0 5E

0 8H

STATUS (C ontinued)

□ Student □ A dm inistrator □ Local Resident□ Faculty □ Staff □ O ther

A D D ITIO N A L CO M M EN TS/RECO M M EN D A TIO N S

^963

FIRST CLASS PERMIT NO. 2

MISSOULA, M ONTANA

BUSINESS REPLY MAILN o Postage Stamp Necessary If Mailed in the United States

POSTAGE WILL BE PAID BY —

the sentineluntoersrttp of montana mis&oula, montana

59801

m

The freshmen and sopho­more classes are the principals in this yearly event. I t is an all-year struggle. Things sta rt w ith hair clipping, followed by the sophomore proclamation answered by the freshmen, after which the freshmen don their green caps and paint the “ M. ” Later in the autumnthe tub rush is held, togetherwith the sack rush and ob­stacle race and interclasswrestling bouts. The final time tha t the two classes meet is the tug-of-war held in the spring to determine whether or not the Frosh will again don their green caps.

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TKe Girls TKe>) D idn’t Lea%)e BeKindn ii r e e Co-eds in the Service

As an em phatic denial to the general opinion th a t there was nothing fo r “ the girls they left b eh ind” to do bu t knit and w ait a fte r the 200 or more S tate U niversity men joined the colors, three women of the varsity volunteered the ir services to America and were accepted.

The firs t to go was A lpha Buse, ’06, who was doing post-graduate work in the journalism school when she received an appoin tm ent to a governm ent position a t W ashington, D. C., having successfully passed a civil service exam ination. On November 19, 1917, Miss Buse le ft fo r the national capital. H er f irs t work was in the forestry headquarters, bu t she was soon tran sfe rred to the w ar departm ent and worked there under the direction of B illy S u n d a y ’s son.

Now she is in the aviation service, occupying a confidential position, in charge of the sum m arizing, charting and securing of inform ation which should be brought to the a tten tion of the chief of the division.

The second of the co-ed trio is E thel Johnston , ’20, who also passed the civil service exam ination w ith honors. A lthough she had not yet received her ap ­pointm ent, she “ took a chance” and le ft fo r W ashington w ith Miss Buse, and is now working w ith the American Red Cross Council a t the national head­quarters.

A nd the th ird is Helen M cCarthy, ’18. H er position in the m ilitary is unique. She is one of three women who are employed as official hostesses fo r the soldiers in the tra in in g cam ps of the U nited States. Miss' M cC arthy is assistant to the m anager of recreation fo r the troops a t Camp Lewis and a member of the com­m ittee th a t recommends rooms fo r the use of the soldiers while they are in T a­coma. Besides th is she heads a movement to raise $50,000 to build club rooms fo r the boys in khaki. U nder her supervision dances and other en terta inm ents are provided fo r the Sammees, both in the city and a t the camp.

F . H a r o l d S l o a n e , M isso u la , M o n ta n a

W h at if a thousand worlds And books and lessons go to And the E a r th fo rgets to spi

’12

S h i r l e y B e l l e S h u n k , M isso u la , M o n ta n a

Some like the s ta r ry decks of ni W hen fairies dance and elfins p B u t S h irley likes the m orning And pines and sighs for D ay.

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F r e d . E . T h i e m e , M isso u la , M o n ta n a

’06

H ere we have a real s tudent in Gladys. She never shirks a du ty or c u ts a class or fails a test. T he pride o f A naconda. B u t oh ; those e y es!

H e has distinguished himself a m anipula tor of steering gears, never misses a lam post o r a curbston and even ta lks “Autom obilia” in sleep. H e is also a prom oter and she once said, he w as a youth of some promise, but in w hat?

A bbik Cath erin e Lucy.Missoula, M ontana.

I t may be hard to get acquainted with Abbie, bu t it is certainly worth while for behind her reserve is a fun loving sp irit.

’II

JEROME C. FRANKEL Cleveland Heights, Ohio BOTANYPhi Sigma; F orestry Club;

M anager :; M asquers, Business

MEARL F. FREEMANInvernessJOURNALISMT heta Sigma P hi; Sentinel ! 3, Editor 4; P ress Club.

ELEANOR FREDRICKSON ButteHOME ECONOMICS

ROLAND PARISH FREEMAN

PSYCHOLOGY Psi Chi.

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abdallah khoury linda m k idd kristin r kierig jam es c k ilbourne

ART

THE”—^ART LEAGUE

GOOD BYE

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BijouPicture Palace

€J T h e on ly H I G H C L A S S flicke rless P I C T U R E S in th e city .

CJ P ro g ra m ch an g ed th re e tim es each w eek; S T R I C T ­L Y M O R A L , e n te r ta in ­in g an d in s tru c tiv e . W e ca ter to th e lad ies an d ch ild ren .

C| P rize M atin ee every S a tu r­day .W e s triv e to please you.

BAKER & M Y R IC K , Props.

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EXTRAORDINARY BRAIN D EVELO PM EN T

DUE TO EATING OUR

Fruits and CandiesB arb er & M arsh a llT he South Side G rocers

Messenger

ParcelDelivery

lO c. S e rv ic e N ight D elivery 15c.

Pool, Billiards, Cigars d Tobacco B est selec tion o f P ipes

in th e c ity

L. M. HIPSHER 106 West Pine Street

Bell Phone 997 Ind. 475

2 7 - 2 3 W 5 0 . T E LE 5T. SALT LAKE CITY

Hennessy’sThe Leading Store in M ontana

W rite Us for

A nything You W ant

W e Certainly Have it

and Can Save You

Big Money

Everything for Everybody.nd brothc , w raps, j.

IT » B u tte ,ilennessy s Montana

for th e ir fa th e rs and m others, th e ir s is te r s a n d b ro thers , from u n d e r­w ear, sto c k in g s and g loves to su its , costum es, w raps, ja ck e ts , h a ts and

HealthfulInvigor­

atingand an

I d e a lSpringT o n i c

G et the E L E C T R IC H A B ITFO R D O IN G Y O U R W O R K —R E A D Y W H E N Y O U W A N T IT

EVERYTHING ELECTRICAL ,,sm°dern as wel1 **

M i s s o u l a L i g h t a n d W a t e r C o m p a n y

D o Y ou W a n t a H o m e

O N T H E

Great Flathead Reservation

soon to be opened to se ttle m e n t' W rite u s fo r pa m p h le t a n d p a r t ic ­u la rs .

W e have P a te n te d L an d s for sale a t p rices r a n g in g from $10.00 to $60.00 p e r a c re ; a lso C ity P ro p erty .

Call o r w rite us.

W. H. Sm ead Co.M ISSO ULA , M O N TAN A

m *

TO THOSE WHO SOMEHOW SURVIVE

B y H a l M a th e w

Forgive this hastily w ritten document. It was done the same night we heard the te r­rible news and is intended as a semi-histori­cal piece—something those of you who sur­vived, and we prayed that night that some­how a few would, can use as a sort of farm er’s alm anac for the future. Something to learn from and guide you along a saner path.

This is, adm ittedly, an analysis of a m icro­cosm—a university in the Rocky M ountains at the confluence of five valleys; a school made up of ju st short of 9,000 students. But at the end of the n ight we decided this Uni­versity was a fair representation of the whole.

I t was a strangely calm, introspective night in view of its significance. A group of people, and believe me it was a cross-section of the campus, was sitting around a table in the U niversity Center having coffee when a side door whooshed open and a fellow not a t all fitting to the environm ent dashed in and stood busily a few feet from our table. Our conversations stopped haltingly as one and then another spotted him.

The first thing I noticed was his feet. While others entered the room with snow on their shoes or boots, this m an had soot and it fell off onto the carpet around him as cinnamon from a doughnut. He glanced nervously about the room and then scurried to our table and asked if he could sit down. When we agreed he asked if he could tell us some frightening news and we agreed that this generation was hardened to th at sort of thing and that we, while not eager to hear more, could certainly tolerate more.

W hat follows is the terribly, terrib ly im­portan t story of Joseph Ybarra, a man with hair like rug yarn, eyes like hot coals and clothes that generally seemed too long for him.

He told us he had chartered a small plane out of Newark, N.J., in time to avoid the com­plete death by fire of his neighborhood and had spent the last two days hopping from city to city to find out w hat sort of madness was going on. He finally retreated to Missoula.

“They’re coming this way,” he told us. “The cities have filled up and th ere’s no room any­where except here. They’ll be here soon.” Such fervor in this man.

“They’ve filled up?” someone questioned. “W hat about the suburbs?”

“Suburbs shm uburbs,” Joseph Y barra snap­ped. “There’s no more room man. From At­lanta to Albuquerque the people are elbow to elbow and hostility runs ram pant. There’s no food to eat, w ater to drink or a ir to breathe.” He then described stops in P itts­

burgh where bodies lay in heaps; in Chicago w here Lake M ichigan had, w ithout anyone else apparently learning of it, been filled in and developed as D aleyburg Heights, now burning; in Lincoln, Neb., w here corn still tries to push through the paved over farm land; in Dallas where oil wells heave up bar­rels of dry sand with each stroke of the pump; in W ashington where the en tire town of M ount Vernon has been literally lost for months in an im penetrable smog, and so on.

“You’re crazy,” someone at the table of­fered. “This is crazy talk. You’re nothing but an old fool.”

“Old fool is it,” Joseph Y barra said stead­ily, and then not so steadily, “People are mov­ing enmasse directly toward this state, this city.” He rose. “The populace has erupted. They’re coming on foot, but they’re coming. They’re tram pling one another, disregarding family bonds, screaming, killing to escape the holocaust. You’ll think old fool young man when they tram ple you to death. Now if you’ll direct me to the neares^m ountaintop I’ll take my leave.” And with that he left, not waiting for our directions.

We honestly didn’t take his tale too serious­ly un til someone came by and told us that none of the TV netw orks were broadcasting. A collective chill ran up our spines. But some­how out of the horror came a resignation and we decided the only thing of any significance we could do would be to set down, for poster­ity if you will, a kind of picture of this place as it was before it died. So go ahead and read it, w hat else have you got to do. Oh, and after you read it, find something to do w ill you. It was the lethargy of the masses that started this whole mess in the first place.

Sunday, Sept. 19, 1971, was a w arm and beautifu l day—the day the U niversity of Mon­tana campus began to fill up again ju s t like it alw ays did in the fall. Only there w ere to be a few changes this year.

The freshm en had been escaping harass­m en t m ore and m ore over the past several years and finally this year w ere indistinguish­able from o ther students. The young people of Am erica had dem onstrated so long against segregation and discrim ination th a t it seemed off course to discrim inate against one’s fel­low student ju s t because he happened to be a newcomer.

F or th a t same reason there was for the first tim e in years no slave labor available to climb M ount S entinel and give the g ian t “M” a new coat of w hite paint. Someone tried to brighten it up the previous spring w ith a m ultitude of colors, in the fashion of the day. B ut even th a t pain t had faded by fall. M an was beginning to learn to leave m ountains and th e like to th eir own destinies. B ut still the w ay th a t “M ” was fading aw ay up there seem ed some­how symbolic.

For the firs t tim e in as long as anyone could rem em ber there w ere no new faculty m em bers aw aiting the students. The s ta te ’s budget was crippled in the previous legisla­tive session and UM decided to cut corners by not hiring any new teachers.

S tudents w ere en tering and continuing in school w ith absolutely no assurance th a t they would have jobs in th e ir fields w hen they graduated. A ll evidence indicated th a t the college degree was losing value even m ore quickly than the g rea t A m erican dollar. The spring of 1971 was one of despair for the col­lege graduate in the job m arket, b u t the spring of ’72 prom ised to be even bleaker. M any of the students on campus in the fall of ’71 w ere fifth year people—those in no hu rry to en ter the real w orld because there seem ed to be no place for them out there.

A gigantic new lib ra ry was being construc­ted on campus although there was no assur­ance th a t the U niversity would have enough m oney to fill it w ith books or even to finish constructing it. The lib rary was being built on the site of the old football field, w hich was somehow appropriate because m any students w ere so concerned w ith having a good lib rary and sound academ ic program they w ere th reaten ing to all bu t elim inate student fund­ing of athletics. Both ath le tic director Jack Sw arthout and business m anager Calvin M urphy agreed th a t would spell a death blow to organized sports. A t th a t tim e students w ere a llotting $7 of th eir $15 activ ity fee to athletics. Those opposed to spending th a t m uch m oney there argued th a t com petitive sports should be supported solely by those th a t enjoyed them and w anted them . M ean­while, S w arthout had a w inning football team going bu t could not be certa in th ere would even be organized athletics on campus a year from then.

The fra tern ities and sororities died a little m ore th a t year than they had a year before, and the dorm itories w ere becoming m ore lib­erated. Nobody felt the pressure to become a G reek like students had in the early 60’s and before, and no one, notably females, w anted to live a cloistered dorm itory life, so both system s w ere changing. M any s tu ­dents felt th a t the s tru c tu re and snobbery inheren t in the G reek way of life was ju st the sort of th ing th a t was dividing America. Dorm residents w ere dem anding and getting a num ber of new freedom s—abolition of hours, the rig h t to have visitors of e ith er sex in th e ir rooms 24 hours a day, the r igh t to determ ine dorm regulations. There was even a strong m ovem ent afoot to create a new co­ed dorm w here m ales and fem ales would have rooms on the same floor.

T here w ere new and experim ental aca­demic program s to a lleviate the d rudgery of the old w orld academia. The Indian and Black studies program s w ere added in recent years and w ere experim enting w ith new approach­es to education. A Ford Foundation g ran t al­lowed the creation of the “Round R iver Ex­perim ent,” a pro ject th a t view ed the whole E arth as a university . A to ta l of 100 students w ere selected for the year-long program and they spent tim e in the woods, tim e in class­rooms, tim e w ith governm ent, tim e together, tim e alone try ing to learn m ore about them ­selves and th eir places in the universe. The program was designed to help people fit in w ith the na tu ra l cycle of life.

So there w ere changes th a t year, indeed, bu t the biggest change of a ll was in the stu ­dent. T here was in th e fall of ’71 no longer a “Joe College” type. If you could stereotypethe student at all it would be by saying that he was aw are of a need for change, th a t he was politically-oriented.

The dem onstrations th a t began in 1964 in Berkeley created a new sense of power in the A m erican student. He learned th a t he could direct a lot of a tten tion tow ard his cause by sim ply assem bling in a mass and being, noisy. U nfortunately , he also learned a t K ent S ta te and Jackson S tate th a t he could get killed and th a t he could set his cause back. The dem onstration did come to M ontana. There was a strike two years before and a m arch or two the n ex t year, bu t in terest w aned in the dem onstration as a vehicle for change and by the fall of ’71 it d idn’t appear th a t there would be any m ore significant dem­onstra tions at UM, or anyw here in the U.S. for th a t m atter.

The w ar in V ietnam was, everyone finally had to adm it, really w inding down, although “Vietnam ization” was still very fata l to a lot of A m erican soldiers. I t was a tim e for p re­ventive m edicine—a tim e for a new approach to foreign and domestic policy, so students began to get involved in p a rty work. The 18 year olds got the vote and could perhaps save the world, although disappointingly few of them w ere registering. From a small high school in a tow n near Missoula came word

Clockwise below, Sen. Fred H arris, M ike Seeger, F ran k D unkle, S tu a r t Udall, Gene M cCarthy.

that the students held a mock election on sev­eral issues and voted for capital punishm ent and against women’s liberation, among other things. I t didn’t look good.

UM students began to get behind the New P arty when it sounded like consumer advo­cate Ralph Nader m ight run for president. He quickly rejected the notion, however. Semi­candidate Gene McCarthy, for whom students had bled in Chicago, stopped by campus in the Fall of ’71 and it was sadly clear that he would make a good poet. Sen. Fred Harris, a de­clared presidential candidate, dropped in a while later with a charm ing and even promis­ing populist party proposal, but announced he was dropping out of the race the day after he left campus.

Environm entalist S tuart Udall visited the campus that fall too. Students filled the ball room and were bored silly for two hours. We knew all that stuff. We wanted to know w hat he was going to do about it, bu t he didn’t say. One of M ontana’s leading environmentalists, Frank Dunkle, was here for. a night and smiled stupidly when asked if he was going to run for governor. His heart didn’t seem to be in it.

By December it became apparent th a t 11 m onths hence there would be a presidential race betw een H um phrey and Nixon and a M ontana gubernatorial race between two can­didates who wouldn’t do the state any good. And still the students worked. It was nice that some people were trying so hard. I t ’s ju st too bad th at the trying came too late.

But wait. Don’t get the idea th at every stu­dent at the U niversity of M ontana was out campaigning to save the world. That simply was not true.

There were still those upper middle class products who drove sports cars, who were beautiful, handsome, resplendently dressed, who skied in the winter, boated in the sum­mer and ruefully awaited the retu rn of the panty raid tradition. To them the University was just another in a long series of play­grounds. They were headed toward the country club and the corporate structure, both self-destructing institutions, as we were to so rudely learn.

There were still athletes who believed the world revolved around their interests and who refused to venture outside th at world.

E very en co u n ter w as a physical one an d th ey w ould still be ta lk in g abou t th e ir accom plish­m ents in bars m any years la ter , u n aw are th a t th ere w ould be no b a rs o r people in th em to listen.

A nd th e re w e re s till th e slobs an d blobs who had n ev e r done an d w ould n ev e r do an y ­thing for anyone else. T hey w ould fin ish school, m arry som eone equa lly in d iffe ren t, have a bunch of kids, ra ise them in d iffe ren tly and spend th e ir w hole lives h a tin g th e ir jobs and them selves b u t d irec tin g th e ir anger tow ard anyone d iffe ren t fro m them selves.

And th e re w e re s till th e oddballs an d o u t­casts w ho had abso lu tely re je c ted any notion of m aking th is a p a la ta b le w orld . C alled h ip ­pies, freaks, flow er ch ild ren , th e co u n te r cu lture , th ey w e re th e ones h a te fu l people often d irec ted th e ir h a te tow ard . T he long hairs w ho used d rugs and re je c ted trad itio n a l values w ere b lam ed fo r th e ills of th e w orld . B ut they w e ren ’t to b lam e. T hey w ere sim ply a produc t of a chaotic , e r rin g w orld . R eally ju st an o th e r m in o rity group, a lb e it an in te r ­esting one. T hey bo u g h t an d sold d ru g s de­spite rid icu lously m assive cam paigns to p re ­ven t th e ir transactions. T hey w ore ragged

clothing and long hair despite derision from all quarters. They had their own language and their own life style and seemed to be having the most fun of anyone. They hung out at the infamous Eddy’s Club where they loved and laughed and, yes, fought. They seemed at the time the best equipped of any­one to survive the holocaust.

By dawn we had p retty m uch completed the document and someone at the table was sud­denly caught up again in the horror we all had felt earlier. He jum ped up and ran to the door and we followed. We watched from the balcony as he ran to the parking lot and began kicking away furiously at the snow cover. When he reached bare ground he knelt down and laid his ear to it in the m anner of the plainsman listening for the thunder of buffalo. The expression on his face changed slowly from apprehension to total astonish­ment. He jum ped to his feet to yell something at us but was, as luck would have it, promptly run over by a student who told us later he was late for a class. A fter the accident it was very quiet outside. Up there somewhere on the wind-swept m ountain was Joseph Ybarra and on the other side of the m ountain some­where was the end.

they did that? no wonder

! tubents from

antiquity

D u rin g the years a round 1920 studen ts w ere in college to acqu ire know ledge, cu ltu re , status. T h ey fe lt and w ere e ncouraged by society to fee l th a t they had n o t ye t begun to live, th a t rea l life w ou ld beg in a fte r g radua tion . T hey w orried lit tle abou t m a k in g a liv ing w h en rea l life began. E ducators, u rg in g young peop le to go to college, assured them , q u o tin g sta tistics , tha t they w ould then earn m ore m oney than persons w ith o u t a college education . S tudents accepted th a t fac t com placen tly . T hey had , as a K airn in ed ito r p u t it, "m ore th a n a n even chance.” T hey the re fo re a ssum ed a b earing o f se lf-confidence, w ere n o t u p se t or confused and no t b e n t on a sserting th e ir independence . T hey c onform ed unquestion ing ly to society 's regu la tions a n d m orality .

T h o u g h T h e K airn in d u r in g W o rld W a r I, in th e w ords o f a S e n tin e l ed ito r, "b ris tled w ith w ar new s an d phrases' and "co lum ns w ere de voted to M usta rd G as and Soldiei S tu ff,” such in te re st passed w ith th e end o f th e w ar. P ro ­fessors w ondered w hy stu d en ts in S outh A m erica and E u rope w ere th o u g h tfu l a b o u t and ac tive in social and especially po litica l a ffa irs and stu d en ts in the U n ited S tates se ldom ven tu red , physically an d in te llectually , off th e cam pus. I t took W o rld W a r II and th e K o re an and V ie tn am W ars , th e in v e n tio n o f th e A an d H bom bs and w ar m issies, p ro lo n g ed fea r o f C o m m u n ism an d im m ediate w orldw ide c o m m un ication to b r in g stu d en ts in th e U n ited S tates to th e ir p rese n t co nce rn ab o u t life and society and w orld even ts and cond ition .

W a r v e terans re tu rn in g hom e for an educa tion , especially f rom W o rld W a r I I, in fluenced s tu d e n t a ttitu d e s and sobered th e cam pus. T hey freed the cam pus o f trad itions like fre shm en w ea rin g g reen caps, lik e m any h ithe rto sanctified and u n im p o rta n t trad itions. T h e veterans were o lde r persons. T hey w ere m en and w om en o f a certain ha rd experience. T o th em educa tion w as a ll- im portan t. T hey had no tim e fo r foolishness, even for m ost social activ ities. T rad itio n s how ever silly o r u n im p o rta n t die ha rd : w e f in d in T h e K a im in as la te as 1948 w ritin g a bou t lack o f loyalty to the U n ive rsity as show n in cheering a t gam es, a b o u t li t te r in g th e law ns w ith coke bo ttles.

T h e G re a t D ep ression o f 1929 a n d years o f the early 1930’s cam e as a shock to studen ts , as to p e op le generally. I t m ade a tten d in g college financ ia lly d ifficu lt. I t forced m any, m any stu d en ts to w o rk for th e ir expenses o r part o f them , and such w o rk m ade g o in g to college m o re of a rea lity than i t had fo rm erly been tak en to be. T h e d o m ­in a tin g desire o f stu d en ts w as fo r security . L ike society in genera l, they w ere f righ tened . C oncern a b o u t m aking a liv in g a fte r g rad u a tio n ran strong . Som e studen ts cam e to feel th a t society ow ed them a liv ing . A ll stu d en ts car­ried them selves w ith lit tle self-confidence. A n alum nus o f the 1940 ’s, speak ing a t a School o f Jo u rn alism m eeting in th e 1960 ’s, w ondered how h e and h is con tem pora rie s in college could have be en so f rig h ten e d and inactive, so d o -no th ing . S tuden ts o f th e la te 1930 ’s and th e 1940’s gave them selves to fun w ith lit t le buoyancy. A Sen tinel ed ito r w ro te, "A s I rem em ber 1951 i t w as a w in te r o f des­p a ir,” b u t fe lt com pelled to add , " b u t i t w as the sp r in g of h o p e ,” an d "T hese w ere the best a n d w ors t o f tim es,” w ith " th e best" seem ingly a bow to conven tion . S tuden ts w ere b e g in n in g to q u estion and doubt.

Still, in th e 1940’s and 1950 ’s they ;— w ere po lite , dressed c onventiona lly , used the bad fou r-le tte r w ords only sum ed daring .

G en u in e questions w ere be in g asked by stu d en ts in the 1950’s abou t s tu d e n t go v e rn m e n t th a t w ould gen uinely b e the irs and a b o u t m e an in g fu l p a rtic ip a tio n in th e ir ed­ucation . In w orld a ffa irs they w ere dom in a te d by fear o f C om m un ism . T h e w hole coun try w as beyond a ll reason d is tu rb e d by C om m un ism and th e disease had been caught by studen ts. A s early as 1940 T h e K a im in ed ito ria lized on " th e dangers o f subversive e lem en ts in th is coun try .” T h a t fear o f C om m un ism d id n o t abate u n til th e 1960’s.

:e p ted p ro p rie tie s n t to chu rch , and

m om e n ts o f as-

MILITARY m“W ar veterans re tu rn in g h o m e fo r an e d u ca tio n , especia lly fro m W o rld W ar II. in flu e n ce d s tu d e n t a ttitu d es a nd so­bered th e cam pus

"T he students o f those days loved fu n , a bubbling and irresponsible fu n , a gaiety that was almost unknow n to stu ­dents o f the 1960 's.”

“T hey came to wonder in the I9 6 0 ’s ivliy as students they were not an active part o f society, w hy their energy and in ­telligence should not be used in the in ­terests o f society, w hy they should wait fo r graduation to live real life .”

Students had been told by their elders for generations that upon them, after their graduation, would rest the wel­fare of society, that they would be in the driver’s seat. This was an inescapable condition, of course. They came to wonder in the 1960’s why as students they were not an active part of society, why their energy and intelligence should not be used in the interests of society, why they should w ait for graduation to live real life. M ust education be a thing apart from living actively? Gradually they realized that security in life is not possible. That life is challenge and not acceptance. T hat to be in the driver’s seat they must possess self-knowledge as well as knowledge of society and the world. They came to ask, W ho are we, anyway? W ho am I? W ho is everybody, black and white and red and yellow? W h at is society? W hat is education?

By and large, the progression of students was from a protected, self-satisfied and self-confident person to a questioning, doubting person, to one craving security, to one thinking of life as im perm anent, to one finding society unsound, to one knowing that a new society is today in the making.

H . G. Merriam

in defense of winter..

M any o f us in tend to g e t outdoors in the w in ter, bu t never do. Instead, w e rem ain confined, go ing from one w arm shell to another. W e look ou t and dread the season.

H ow foolish! For ou t beyond the buried and ele­vated lines of electric and gas, o u t beyond the last p low ed road is a land of w hite , crisp and delicate cold. N o artis t is capable o f carving, m o ld ing and transfo rm ing w ater in to a sing le shape to parallel a frost lined tree, snow decked forest, w ind b low n ridge o r ice lined river bank. T h ere is no m ag n ifi­cence to com pare w ith w in ter. I t is singular.

W in te r drives us in. I t is a p lanned tim e of quiet. A tim e of reflection , a tim e fo r indoor craft, and reading. O ne season H . D . T horeau reflected, " W in ­ter, w ith its inw ardness, is upon us. A m an is con­strained to sit dow n and th in k .” W e do w ell to fo l­low his wisdom.

A nd yet at th e sam e tim e d o n ’t be fooled into th in k in g th a t all o f w in ter should be spent indoors. W e are th rea tened w ith a continuous life o f tech­nology. Even as w e travel in to th e country w e take it w ith us.

P a rt of the reason is fear. W e lea rn early th a t there are too m any dangers in the w ild. D angers of freez­ing, being lost, or break ing a bone in a fall. U n ­fortunately , for m any of us th e above is true. W e h ave progressed in to a state of dependence. D epend­ence upon technology, fe llow hum ans, even govern ­m ents.

H ow ever; T here com es a tim e in on e’s life, as w ell as in the life of m an w here he m ust hazard h im ­self to the elem ents of nature , o r else becom e lost in a m ore perm an en t way. W e need these dangers of the wild.

W e neeed to know firsthand the force o f w inter. I t is necessary to learn how insignificant we are to a

w in ter storm . W e are m ore frag ile th an th e m ost delicate ice crystal. In the m idst o f a w in ter forest w e a re a s in g le t in y b lac k dot. N o th in g m ore.

In tribu te to w in ter, on the fo llow ing pages we have gathe red together know ledgeable articles on dow nhill skiing, snow shoeing, ski h ik ing , and w in­ter cam ping. Perhaps the articles w ill encourage som e at least to in tend to take o ff in to the w in ter wilderness.

O f course ou r in fo rm ation is no t com plete; it is on ly in tended as an introduction . L ibraries and book­stores are fu ll o f m anua ls on technique. O ne w e’d especially like to recom m end is T H E SIE R R A CLUB M A N U A L O F SKI M O U N T A IN E E R IN G . For 95c you can ’t go w rong.

R em em ber, w in ter need no t be a sudden p lunge. If your outdoor w isdom is lim ited, just tram ple a l i tt le ’ beyond civilization. D o no t hurry. A trek in to the h ig h country can snow you suddenly. M ontana peaks frequently experience sudden arctic conditions. In the sum m er you can m ake m any m istakes, re­peatedly. In th e w in ter you g e t bu t one.

D o n o t be on un friendly term s w ith w inter. T re at it n e ither as a force to be conquered, no r as a p h e­nom enon to be ridden th ro u g h in a m achine. T reat and love w in ter for w ha t it is, glorious, g lorious w inter! Y ou w ill never m aster w inter. Instead learn to m aster th e ar t o f survival under blizzard condi­tions. Equip yourself properly. L earn the lore and w isdom of the m oun tain m en. Each w in ter season you w ill becom e enchanted and d raw n deeper and deeper in to w in ter wilderness.

A nd slowly, n o t a ll a t once, w in ter w ill com e alive, w ith you. Y ou w ill find yourself, free as the w ind blows.

G od, bless w inter!

by Don Schwennesen

"M issoula, M on tana , is on the very edge o f th e know n w orld," a San F rancisco f riend recen tly w ro te m e before u nderta k in g a t r ip here. " W a tch o u t, fo r if you fall o ff the edge, you end up in ( sh u d d e r) K anada!”

H is tongue-in-cheek only ha lf lam poons the way M o n ­tana is typically v iew ed, if you live east o f O m aha, w est of the S ierras o r sou th o f th e 42n d parallel. A sk a C hicagoah w hat w in te r is like in W este rn M on tana , and h e ’ll con ­fide th a t the place h ibe rna te s from O ctober to M ay, under hund reds o f fee t o f glacia l ice and snow.

T h is m odern m ythology— gauged by th e o p e n in g and closing of Logan Pass— has k e p t M on tana sk iin g w ell ou t o f the lim eligh t. I f you d o n ’t be lieve it, check the popula r ski m agazines. Last year S k iin g b roke th e p ris tin e silence w hile checking o u t a ru m o r a b o u t C h e t H u n tle y and a place called B ig Sky. T h e au th o r h u n g a round long enough to co in a new ge ographica l te rm , B itte r R oo t (n o dou b t th in k in g o f P ogo and A u n t G ranny ’s B itte r B r itt le R o o t ) . S k i m agazine g o t p re tty close, w ith a pa rag rap h o r tw o abou t Jackass, Idaho . A nd H oliday ( n o t exactly a ski m ag ­azin e ) even lis ted B ig M o un ta in am ong its ten best in the W est. O f course, H oliday is alw ays on the lookou t fo r un ­usual, ou t-of-the-w ay vacation spots. T h e sam e issue pushed vacations in Baja, M exico.

C h e t H u n tle y is try ing ha rd to shove M on tana skiing in to cen te r stage— b u t fo rtunate ly , pop u la r m y th does no t d ie easily. O ne day very soon, th e rest o f A m erica w ill w ip e the sm og from its collec tive eyes and see M on tana for w h a t it rea lly is. In th e m ean tim e, w e w ho a re already he re have a good th in g go ing . M on tana has som e o f the f ines t sk iing in the w orld. I t is v irtua lly unknow n , and th e p rices are incred ib ly cheap!

MISSOULA A N D ENVIRONS

T alk sk iing w ith the average M issoulian and you’re likely to hear en thusiastic accounts o f B ig M o un ta in and B ridger, in te rru p te d by occasional w istfu l 'g lances tow ard Banff, Sun V alley and resorts farthe r afie ld . B u t in m om e n ts of luc id ity even the m ost cynical w ill a d m it tha t, a fte r all, M issoula is rich ly endow ed. Few cities in the n a tion (o r fo r th a t m a tte r, th e w o rld ) can boast tw o respectab le ski areas w ith in 12 m iles o f C ity H all.

T h ose w ho are skep tical o u g h t to try com m u tin g from D enver to V ail— o r from M un ich to th e Z iigsp itze , o r f rom Sacram ento to T ahoe , o r from G eneva to the V alais. E ven A lta is a good 30 m iles from Salt Lake C ity, and th e re ’s a lo t m o re traffic.

. I n M issoula the re is actually a fair a m o u n t o f n ig h t life, considering the size o f the city. T h e re ’s novice rock m usic a t the M o n k ’s Cave, the re ’s a u then tic G erm an food a t the H eidelhaus— rig h t dow n to th e fuszball tab le ( I d id n ’t say it was good food, unless your taste runs in th a t d irec tio n ) . A nd th e re ’s M a rio ’s, the local cause celebre, w hose G reek food is as supe rb as h is I ta lian is bad , and w ho w ill achieve gen iu s if he ever gets a license to serve rets ina.

M arshall and Snow B ow l a re fairly unabashed abou t the fact th a t they sp lit M issou la’s ski m arke t som ew here near the m iddle. B eginners and in te rm ed ia te s head for M arshall; brave in te rm ed ia te s and experts take Snow Bow l. H ow ever, a m odest b a ttle fo r th e m idd le m a rk e t m ay be shap ing up th is year. T h e new pack ing m achine a t Snow Bow l seems designed to m ake the descen t from th e to p T -bar less des­pe ra te fo r the average in te rm ed ia te . T h ere w ill still be pow der up on G rizzly— b u t as every skier know s, a lo t m ore peop le ta lk about pow der th a n ski in it.

A t M arshall, a new snow -m aking m ach ine w ill m ake the season a b it longer and th e cond itions m ore dependable on its low er-ly ing site.

Sn o w Bo w l

" If you can ski Snow Bow l, you can ski anyw here in the w orld ,” accord ing to U o f M Ski Coach Rusty Lyons— and its ha rd to f in d a m ore com plim en ta ry , o r a m ore chal­leng ing assessm ent. H ow ever, in te rm ed ia te s m ay n o t f ind such rem arks very a ssuring , and beg in n ers m ay find them do w n rig h t te rrify ing .

Long a haven fo r local pow der skiers, Snow B ow l boasts te rra in fast enough and steep e nough to have a ttrac ted the U.S. A lp in e C h am pionsh ip s o f 1967. Snow B ow l A s­sistan t M anager Stan C ohen says the area hopes to a ttrac t a W o rld C u p c o m petition o n e o f these years— b u t in the m eantim e, the m a nagem en t a im s to p rov ide groom ed slopes and expanded base lodge fac ilit ies to a ttrac t the average skiers, w ho in earlie r years have c ringed a t th e th o u g h t o f tall m ogu ls and un ta m ed "pu lferschnee.” B eg inne rs w ill s till w an t to stay on th e low er slopes.

Snow B ow l sk iin g trad itiona lly starts T han k sg iv in g on the u p p e r slopes, and by m id -D ecem ber the e n tire facility is norm ally in ope ra tion . H ow ever, a m ild w in te r has been know n to delay the season u n til C hristm as. O n th e o th e r hand, snow linge rs u n til la te sp ring o n Snow B ow l’s sunny slopes— usually ou tla stin g th e skiers, in sp ite o f th e area’s sou the rn exposure. Last year, accord ing to C ohen , Snow Bow l closed in A p ril fo r lack of custom ers. T h e snow lasted w ell in to May.

A lthough C ohen te rm s Snow B ow l "sm all p o ta toes” in com parison to larger, m ore d is tan t co m p e titio n a t W h ite - fish and B ridge r Bow l, m any v is ito rs do n o t agree. Said one C anadian skier, "B ig M o u n ta in has m ore area” b u t Snow Bow l has ju s t as m uch varie ty to o ffer.

T ru e , Snow B ow l w ill never rival H u n tle y ’s B ig Sky as a con d o m in iu m cen te r fo r w ealthy C a lifo rn ians. B ut to m any locals, th is com es a s no d isap p o in tm en t.

T o reach Snow B ow l, take th e R eserve S tree t ex it on In tersta te 90 , head n o r th u p G ra n t C reek and fo llow the signs u n til th e road pe ters ou t. M ake su re you’re equ ipped for th e tr ip . T h o u g h rela tive ly short, th e road is unpaved and can g e t ra th e r exciting . *

M a r s h a l l

D o n ’t sell i t short. M arsha ll w ill n ever h o st the W in te r O lym pics, b u t it fea tures som e o f th e pop u la r am en ities— inc lud ing n ig h t sk iing , a good ski school and a n a ll-w eather access road. T h e e leva tion is low er (b ase e leva tion 4,000 ft. as opposed to 5 ,000 ft. a t Snow B o w l) , so the season is a b it shorter.

T h is year, th e m anagem en t hopes to supp lem en t n a tu re w ith a snow -m ak ing m achine , designed to fo rtify th e snow cover on the m o re w ell-travelled b e g in n er’s s lope and on th e headw all above the lodge. A snow -m aker in M on tana p robab ly seem s to fall som ew here be tw een heresy and a bsurdity . S till, E asterners an d M idw este rne rs w ill vouch from long experience th a t th e in fe rn a l m achines lay d ow n a p re tty decen t base. Sk iing th ro u g h a m an -m ade blizzard is a* v e ritab le m ind -freak , especially a t n igh t. I t a in ’t pow der, b u t fo r th is m ost beg inners a re g ra te fu l— and it w ay ahead o f ice, g rass and gravel.

T h ere a re som e challeng ing ru n s dow n M arsha ll’s m id ­section, and the area is a good place to p rac tice for a lm ost any skier o f any ab ility . A n a ll-day ticket is only $3.00 for adults, o r $2.25 a t n igh t. A nd take it from m e, th a t’s cheap!

I' I I 1

£ 3

T o reach M arshall, take th e E ast M issoula ex it from In ters ta te 90 , c o n tin u e no rth ea st on M o n ta n a 2 00 for abou t tw o m iles and tu rn le ft (n o r th ) o n M arshall C reek R oad w hen you see th e ski area sign.

WESTERN MONTANA & VICINITYIn a d d itio n to th e tw o local ski areas, M issou lian s can

choose f ro m several o th e r reso rts w h ich a re w ith in the reach o f am b itious "day -trippers ,” and p a rticu la rly acces­s ib le to w eekenders and overn igh ters . T o w it:

E a s t — B r i d g e r B o w l

U ta h has no co rn e r on the p ow der snow m a rk e t, m ag ­azine ads no tw ith s tan d in g . B ridge r has som e o f th e best snow go ing , and a d e ce n t a m o u n t o f su nsh ine to go w ith it. I t is generally c onsidered a shade sm aller, b u t in the sam e league w ith , B ig M o un ta in . A s such i t o ffe rs a huge varie ty o f te rra in , no tab ly a p a ir o f eno rm ous bow ls, each e q u ip p ed w ith a lovely head w all

A th ird , c h a ir lif t is n e a r in g c o m p letio n , and it o u g h t to fu rth e r reduce w h a t w ere never crow ded lif t lin es to be ­g in w ith . I ’ve heard te ll th a t th e B rid g e r lines have g o tten as lo n g as tw en ty m in u tes o n a ra re crow ded w eekend. L ines average no m o re th a n 5 to 10 m in u tes even on c row ded days, how ever, and th is is p re tty generally tru e th ro u g h o u t M on tana . N o rm ally th e lines a re even sho rte r, o r non -ex is ten t. A nd th a t’s "o u tas ig h t”, fo r anyone w ho has ever s tood in a N ew E ng land lif t lin e fo r 45 m in u tes o r longer.

O v ern ig h t lodg ing becom es a re levan t to p ic w h en you g e t as far a fie ld from M issoula as B rid g e r Bow l. In tersta te 9 0 n o tw ith s tan d in g , th e 2 00 m ile d r iv e w ill take you w ell over th ree hours, even if you d r iv e like a n Italian .

L odg ing is no p ro b lem if you have f rien d s (o r can m ake a few ) a t M o n tan a S tate U n ive rsity in nearby Bozem an. O the rw ise , the re a re the usual v a rie ty o f m ote ls— and you o u g h t to b e able to f in d a d ecen t d oub le for no m ore th a n $8.00. D o n ’t be a fra id to sh o p a ro u n d ; b e tte r deals can be found , especially if you d o n ’t in sis t on T V and p rivacy. T h e B ozem an H o te l used to o ffe r a bed and tw o

m

•Sre v

meals for $5.00; and the price probably hasn’t changed much. It ain’t the Savoy, but its way ahead of a portable

B e l m o n t

Located at Marysville, northwest of Helena, this is a small area operating principally on weekends and holidays. Adult rates are $4.00 per day, but according to the new U.S. Ski Assn. Northern Directory, Belmont offers half- price tickets to Northern Division USSA members. There­fore, it m ight be of interest to U of M Ski Club members who plan to spend any time in Helena this winter.

N o r t h — B ig M o u n t a i n

This is Montana’s biggest, and its located about 130 miles north of Missoula (about the same distance as Glacier Park), just outside W hitefish. Allow three hours, via fast dogsled; there’s usually more snow on the ground north of KalispelL

Big Mountain offers a lot of area and a good diversity of terrain. They keep the moguls from overrunning the place, and the big upper bowls probably won’t overwhelm the in­termediate skier. In general, the slopes are well groomed.

The area bills itself as a family-type resort and features family ski week vacation packages, complete with Bur­lington ski-special trains from Minneapolis and Seattle. W hitefish is located in a "snow belt” of sorts; therefore, the season is relatively long and dependable at Big Moun­tain. On the other hand, W hitefish gets more than its fair share of clouds and fog.

There are accommodations at the base of the ski area, but it might be cheaper in town. More lodging is avail­able in Columbia Falls (seven miles east) and in Kalispell (13 miles south). Local Chinese food freaks assert thai the best this side of Calgary is served at Frenchie’s— so you might keep that in mind if-you hit Kalispell at dinner-

W e s t — J a c k a s s I d a h o

Located above Kellogg, this area is up-and-coming and the through-traffic tends to keep Lookout Pass fairly passa­ble. As Interstate 90 nears completion, more Missoulians are bound to discover Jackass Ski Bowl.

The area has a long season and pushes spring skiing. And is really within easy striking distance of Missoula (about 130 miles). Kellogg is on the main route to Spokane, and it is high enough to be above Kellogg smog. (Those who think Missoula has been plundered by big business ought to take a look at this tow n!)

Other than that, you’re on your own. I’ll be skiing Jackass for the first time this year, too.

So u t h — M a v e r i c k

Probably most people who journey this far afield will end up at Bridger Bowl. To reach Maverick, you must turn south on U.S. 91 just before Butte, then backtrack northwest another 38 miles after you reach Dillon. Total trip is around 200 miles.

Nevertheless, there are good reports about Maverick. The place is equipped with a double chairlift and a platter pull. Elkhorn H ot Springs supports an outdoor pool near­by.

L o s t T r a i l

Contrary to midsummer rumors, there is no new chairlift this year. This is a small area, on the Montana-Idaho line south of Hamilton at Lost Trail Pass (e.g., on U.S. 93, the main route to Sun Valley.) It is uncrowded, secluded and staunchly supported by a small nucleus of fans.

F a r t h e r A f i e l d

D on’t abandon the prospects for a long weekend at places as distant as Banff, Sun Valley, Bogus Basin or Jackson Hole. The first two are really relatively acces­sible from Missoula— provided you don’t select a weekend when stockmen’s warnings have been posted.

South of Missoula in Idaho, the Salmon River Valley is curiously sheltered from winter snows, and U.S. 93 which follows it to Sun Valley is only complicated by two passes: Lost Trail and Galen Summit.

North of W hitefish, roughly in the latitude of Glacier Park, you hit a snow belt that looks more ominous the farther you drive— until you begin to feel like you’ve ac­cidentally stumbled onto the Trans-Alaskan Highway. But oddly enough, the snows taper off after the Canadian frontier. The rest of the run is easy going as far as Radium H ot Springs (bring your bathing suit— its 50^ per day). From Radium there are two routes through the Provincial Park to Banff. Usually at least one of them is open.

If you drive to Canada, you might consider a detour via U.S. 2 and 95 to the border crossing at Eastport, Idaho. There’s a duty free border store a t Eastport. I t’s just an old board-front general store, but the booze prices are fantastic. You’re allowed 42 ozs. duty free when entering Canada. Only one hitch: you have to drink it all before you come back.

Unless you look really freaky, chances are the border guards won’t hassle you. But be careful—we have good friends who have been through bad busts.

Yes, Virginia, Montana really does have some fantastic skiing. W ith any kind of luck at all, we can keep it a deep dark secret for another ten years. Maybe even longer! L o o l ^ a t h o ^ o n ^ h e ^ w i s s ^ e r ^ a b l ^ t o J i i d e ^ l ^ V a l a i s ^ ^

I i l _ , I

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•HIKING •a r tic le b y BOB BEN SO N sk is , l ig h t f lex ib le b o o ts a n d m in im a l b in d in g s a re u sed for

fa s t p a ce acro ss f la t o r ro llin g te rra in .Ski h ik in g re q u ire s b o th l ig h t w e ig h t a n d f le x ib ility to

a llo w h ik in g u p th e h ill , an d som e c o n tro l to g e t d o w n . B u t th is d o e sn 't m e a n a lo t o f ex p en se . U n ti l a few years ago m ost sk i h ik e rs a d a p te d a n d im p ro v ise d o ld w o o d sk is fo r lig h t w e ig h t. T o th is , c a b le b in d in g s w e re h o o k e d by a p a ir o f f ro n t h o o k s to a llo w th e fo o t to li f t a n d flex w h ile c lim b in g , w ith a d d itio n a l rea r h o o k s fo r d e sce n d in g . In a d ­d itio n , " b e a rt ra p " to e p ieces o r sa fe ty toes w e re used th a t c o u ld b e tig h te n e d d o w n fast fo r th e h ik e u p o r h a d a specia l a tta c h m e n t to p re v e n t sidew ays b o o t m o v e m en t. T h e c o m p le te o u tf i t re q u ire d an o ld b e a tu p p a ir o f b o o ts th a t w ou ld flex fo r h ik in g .

Ski h ik in g o f fe rs a h o s t o f rew ard s— so li tu d e , c lea n in ­v ig o ra t in g a ir , h e a lth fu l e x e r tio n , low cost, a n d escape f ro m c ro w d ed c itie s a n d slopes. T o u r in g , c ross c o u n try , a n d sk i h ik in g a re re la te d a n d o v e r la p p in g te rm s, b u t h e re w e ’ll d e f in e sk i h ik in g a s h a v in g tw o basic o b je c tiv es ; to h ik e a lo n g o r u p a h i l l a n d to sk i dow n .

T h e s e tw o o b je c tiv es r e q u ire a c o m b in a t io n o f e q u ip ­m e n t th a t is d if f e re n t f ro m b o th d o w n h ill ( A lp in e o r yo-yo sk i in g ) a n d f ro m N o rd ic sk i rac in g . D o w n h ill invo lves he avy b o o ts , p re c is io n sk is an d b in d in g s , a n d u su a lly a n ex ten s iv e w a rd ro b e — e v e ry th in g n e ed e d fo r th e u ltim a te c o n tro l ( a n d e f f e c t) . In N o rd ic ra c in g u ltra l ig h t n a rro w

M ore recently, com plete bindings have been developed especially for hiking, along w ith m edium w idth light skis (n o t as narrow as racing sk is). T im e is well spent brows­ing the local shops, second hand stores and outdoor cata­logues while getting geared up. Add a pair of poles— fairly long w ith big baskets for powder snow and you’re almost ready. Except that skis slide, so you need some way to get traction going up.

Clim bing waxes provide the lightest, cheapest and most challenging traction— and the most frustrating, because each snow condition requires its own special wax. C lim bing skins (strips of sealskin or m ohair fastened to the ski w ith straps) are heavier, bu t reliable. A novel and inexpensive device is to take a piece of water ski tow rope, knotting and criss-crossing it around the ski to make a pair of "chains” that can be slipped off for the descent.

O ther equipm ent needed for safety and com fort should include a small back or belt pack for food, wax, extra m it­tens, etc. D o not use a frame, as it will catch branches in heavy brush, and it can be a hazard in a fall. Also neces­sary are extra sox, and a plastic water bottle (chew ing on snow dries ou t the m o u th ). Someone in the party should have a first aid kit and an emergency fire starter such as Sterno. H igh altitude sun on snow is fierce. Therefore

V V

take sun lotion, lip junk, and sunglasses. Common sense clothing for high country includes layers o f light, warm materials, w ith a snow repellent outer shell. M ake sure all clothing is roomy.

And so off to the hills. D on’t go alone, or into steep country after big snowfalls. Avoid cornices and obvious avalanche paths. Seek experienced hikers — locally the Rocky M ountaineers can give you help and also lead hikes. Test your gear before starting, the bane of a tr ip is the guy who can’t get his skis to stay on. And D O N ’T burn up all your energy on the hike up. Y ou’ll be skiing down late in the day, on gear that’s no t optim um for downhilling, and on snow that always seems to turn icy, crusty or heavy.

Almost any m ountain or canyon around Missoula offers some ski hiking. The m ain thing is to get up w here the snow is deep enough to cover rocks, logs, junk. Lolo pass is a good shakedown area w ith gentle terrain; bu t o f late the snowmobiles are pretty thick. Same at Pattee Canyon. The trails into the Bitterroots are spectacular in w inter, and the ridges that parallel the canyons are even more .breath­taking. They are also more exhausting going up and ex­citing coming down. St. Mary peak lookout is a good one day hike once you get the kinks ou t of your legs and equip­ment. By cheating a bit and riding up the M arshall or Snowbowl lifts you can spend a day hiking at timberline.

O ne last note: W hen you get good, hooked and insane, disregard the earlier note about packs and load up a pack- fram e w ith tent, bag, etc. for a n ight or two on skis.

bill m y e rsSNOWSHOEING...or how to walk across snow without falling inM issoula is ideally s itu a te d fo r sh o e in g in w in te r, a n d in

th e h ig h c o u n try in sp ring . T h e reg io n has a va rie ty o f easy to c h a lle n g in g te rra in su itab le fo r b o th snow shoe ing and sk ito u rin g . S now shoe ing req u ire s no specia l tech n iq u es— th e b iggest req u ire m e n t is s ta m in a a n d pe rseverance. T h e snow shoer can trav e l on level te rra in o r on an u p h ill g rad e a b o u t as rap id ly as th e sk ito u re r. O f cou rse o n a n op e n d o w n h ill s lope th e sk ito u re r has th e ad v an ta g e o ve r th e snow shoer.

I t ’s easy to g e t s ta rted in snow shoe ing . T h e necessary e q u ip m e n t c onsists o f th e snow shoes, b in d in g s , an d ski poles. T h e snow shoes a re usually m a d e o f ash w ood and raw h id e (u n tre a te d le a th e r ) . If va rn ish ed regu la rly th e snow shoes a re very d u rab le a n d w ill la s t fo r m any years. O f c ou rse th e sam e c are m u s t b e ta k en as w ith a g ood p a ir o f skis— d o n ’t c ross f ields w ith heavy stum ps, b ru sh and ro ck s ju s t be low th e surface . Ski po les a re u se fu l, a lth o u g h n o t necessary, a n d a lm o st any p a ir o f ski po les w ill su ffice , a lth o u g h w id e baskets a re h e lp fu l in po w d er snow .

T h e re a re several types o f snow shoes. M ost o f th e se can b e o b ta in ed in M issoula sp o r tin g goods s to res; an d all o f th e m a re availab le th ro u g h o u td o o r cata logues an d in m a jo r c ities.

T h e f ir s t type , th e A laska tra i l shoe, is the longest, m e asu rin g 10 x 56 inches, has a tu rn e d -u p f ro n t and a lo n g ta il. I t is p re fe rred by m any snow shoers, pa rticu la rly w h en trav e lin g in d e ep snow o r w h en c a rry in g a heavy pack. T h e re is a lso a sh o rte r ve rsion o f th is snow shoe, ha v in g d im e n s io n s o f 10 x 46.

A n o th e r type o f snow shoe is th e M a in e ( o r M ic h ig a n ) style, som ew hat w id e r, w ith a tu rn e d -u p f ro n t an d a ta il, usually 13 x 46 . A th ird type , th e G re e n M o u n ta in bear- p aw shoe is th e sho rte st, m e asu rin g 10 x 36 , oval-shaped , w ith no ta il and w ith o u t a tu rn ed -u p f ro n t. B earpaw s hav e th e a d v an tage o f b e in g som ew hat m o re m a neuverab le in w ooded a reas th a n th e longer shoes. Each o f these types o f snow shoes cost a b o u t $30 .00 , w h ile th e b in d in g s a re an a d d itio n a l $6 .00 . F o r th e th r if ty m in d e d , a v is it to the local second hand s to res can o f ten b r in g a g ood p a ir for u n d e r $18.00.

F o r g o in g u p h ill , i t h e lps to w ra p ro u g h co rd a ro u n d the sides an d b o tto m o f th e snow shoe ju s t be n ea th th e feet. U sually th is is d o n e in advance, and it serves to g iv e c o n ­s ide rab le trac tion . D o n 't w orry a b o u t sore h ip a n d th ig h m uscles. T h ey a re c o m m on to th e b e g in n er, since snow ­sh o e in g uses m uscles fo r leg lif tin g n o t genera lly used in w alk ing . In snow shoe ing the leg m o v e m en t is s im ila r to th a t used w hen b icycling . D o n ’t ove re x ten d yourself; b e g in w ith sh o r t h ikes w ith m od e ra te ascent. T h e b e g in n e r should jo in w ith m ore e x perienced h ik e rs fo r h is f irs t few tr ip s. T h e R ocky M o u n ta in e e rs o u tin g o rg an iz a tio n regu la rly schedules tr ip s fo r b o th snow shoers an d sk ito u re rs d u r in g th e w in te r and sp rin g . T h ese o u tin g s a re genera lly one- day tr ip s on Saturdays an d Sundays . . . W atc h for no tices in th e K A IM IN and M ISS O U L IA N .

In p la n n in g a ro u te the U.S. G eo log ica l Survey m aps, p a rticu la rly the 1 :24 0 0 0 ( 7 .5 ') scale, 4 0 foo t c o n to u r m aps, a re he lp fu l. F rom these, trails fre e o f avalanche p a th s and o th e r haza rd s can b e d e te rm in e d (av o id 3 0 ° -6 0 ° s lo p e s) .

Several in te res tin g snow shoe tr ip s a ro u n d M issoula are :

1. U n iv ersity M o u n ta in (e le v a t io n 5 900 fee t)

S ta r t from th e P a tte e C anyon p ic n ic area, a n d w alk u p th e road to the beacon a t th e su m m it o f U n iv e rsity M o u n ­ta in b e h in d M o u n t Sen tine l. T h is is a n easy tr p , re q u ir in g IV l hours to reach the beacon , a n d 1 h o u r to re tu rn .

P h o to 'U .S .D .A . F O R E S T SE R V IC E ” '

2. D ea n S to n e M o u n ta in (e le v a t io n 6 4 0 0 fee t)

S ta r t o n e m ile be yond th e P a tte e C anyon p ic n ic area a t the p o in t w h ere th e ro ad crosses D ee r C reek . W a lk u p the road w h ic h jo in s th e m a in road b e fo re th e D ee r C reek c rossing . A t a ju n c tio n a t lA m ile take th e ro ad o n the r ig h t, u p th e w est fo rk o f D ee r C reek . A fte r a b o u t 1 m ile th e re is a sw itchback to th e r ig h t; leave th e ro ad a n d co n ­tin u e u p a m in o r ro ad u p th e w est fo rk . A fte r a b o u t 2 m iles, th e r id g e be tw ee n P a tte e C re ek a n d M ille r C reek is reached . G o w est o n the lo n g r id g e fo r a n o th e r 2 m iles to reach the to p o f D ean S tone M o u n ta in o v e rlo o k in g M issoula f ro m the sou thw est. T h is t r ip w ill take 3!4> h o u rs to D ea n S tone M o u n ta in and 2*/2 hou rs to. re tu rn . H

3. S lid e R o c k M o u n ta in (e le v a t io n 6 8 0 0 fee t)

A s fo r D ea n S to n e M o u n ta in , s ta rt on e m ile beyond th e P a tte e C anyon p ic n ic area a t th e p o in t w h ere th e ro ad cros­ses D ee r C reek . W a lk u p th e road w h ic h jo in s th e m a in road ju s t be fo re th e D ee r C reek crossing . A t a ju n c tio n a t 14 m ile, take th e road o n th e le ft. T h is road takes the snow shoer u p D ee r C reek fo r a b o u t IV 2 m iles, th e n it sw itchbacks to th e le ft , and , a fte r an o th e r IV 2 m iles, reaches a saddle so u th o f S lide R ock M o un ta in . F rom th e saddle, it takes 1 h o u r to trave l u p th e ra th e r steep s lope to Slide R ock M o u n ta in . T h is is an exce llen t tr ip , w ith f in e view s o f th e B i tte rro o t R a n g e and th e M issoula V alley.

(F o r a ll th re e o f th e tr ip s described above, use th e S o u th ­east M issoula q u a d ra n g le 1 :2 4 0 0 0 scale U.S.G.S. m a p .)

4. C rooked F ork R oad ( e le v a tio n 6 400 fee t)

S ta r t f ro m th e M on tan a-Id ah o b o rd e r a t Lolo Pass. C lim b th e snow bank o n th e r ig h t s ide o f th e h ighw ay a n d w alk a long th e road , fo r a b o u t M m ile on th e M o n ta n a side, c ross a low saddle to the Id ah o side , and c o n tin u e for a b o u t 3 m o re m iles to th e h ig h p o in t o n th e M on tana- Id ah o border. T h is t r ip g ives g ood v iew s in to Id ah o and th e w est side o f th e B itte rro o t range . U se th e Lolo H o t S p rings qu a d ra n g le 1 :2 4 0 0 0 scale U SG S m ap.

5. B lo d g e tt C reek (e le v a t io n 520 0 fee t)

D riv e sou th on U.S. 93 to H am ilto n , tu rn r ig h t an d d rive to th e B lo d g ett C reek tra ilhead a t the m o u th o f B lodgett C anyon. T h e tra il goes u p th e so u th side o f B lo d g ett C reek fo r 3 m iles, p ro v id in g e xce llen t v iew s o f the spectacu lar c liffs and bu ttre sses on th e n o r th side o f B lo d g ett C anyon. A t 3 m iles, th e tra il c rosses to th e n o r th s ide o f B lodgett C reek . Shortly th e re afte r, th e snow shoer can see a na tu ra l a rch on th e sky line o n the sou th side o f th e canyon . A t 5 m iles from th e s ta r tin g p o in t, th e re is a cascade on B lodgett C reek w hich m akes a good lunch stop . T h is is a n easy tr ip , w ith lit t le change o f e leva tion a n d good v iew s. I t w ill take 2 V l h o u rs to reach th e cascade, and 2 hou rs to re tu rn . U se th e P r in tz R id g e q u a d ra n g le 1 :2 4 0 0 0 U SG S m ap.

T h e re a re a n u m b e r o f o th e r in te res tin g snow shoe tr ip s to B itte rro o t c anyons (su ch as B ear C reek , Bass C reek , and F red B u rr C re ek ) and B itte rro o t r id g es (su ch as th e r idge be tw ee n B lo d g ett C reek and M ill C reek , and th e r id g e b e ­tw een M ill C reek and Shea fm an C re ek .) A lso, M orm on Peak L ookout, sou thw est o f M issoula near th e tow n o f Lolo, a n d M arsha ll M o u n ta in , n o r th ea s t o f M issoula near M ar­shall ski a rea a re good snow shoe ing tr ip s.

First of all, regarding body functions, the skin auto­matically shuts off surface blood circulation when exposed to cold, reducing the heat loss through the skin, to Va nor­mal. Alcohol flutters the thermostat, resulting in rapid loss of heat from the body. Therefore, never drink prior to or during a winter outing.

The body further reduces circulation to the extremities as the torso gets colder. This is a normal reaction to pro­tect the vital organs. As a result, blood to the hands and feet is reduced as much as eighteen times from maximum. Freezing and frostbite, in time, would set in. Understandably then, it is as important to put on an extra sweater as dry mittens and socks. In fact, the sweater is less restricting to circulation than gloves or socks.

When in camp, relaxing, or sleeping, keep hands and head protected. Even though you may not be cold at the time, the resulting heat loss will later affect you.

To produce heat, vigorous exercise is best. You can in­crease your heat output by as much as 16 times. Be sure, however, not to bundle too warm when exercising heavily. Once your clothes are wet from perspiration it is but a short while until you begin freezing. Shivering nearly doubles your heat output. If you shiver as you crawl into your sleeping bag at night an immediate heat buildup will keep you extra warm.

Another good method of producing heat is to eat. The process of digestion produces excess heat passing out of the body. The increase is immediate for carbohydrates, more prolonged and higher for proteins, and slow for fats. It is wise to eat just before going to sleep to benefit by the heat produced.

If your hands or feet need warming a bit, we suggest the following. Hands—use the under the armpits trick. The feet can be more of a problem. We suggest you find an especially good friend with a warm stomach. (Brrrrrr!) It

My first experience with winter camping almost ended in disaster. Like many others not so fortunate, we made only one mistake . . . We pitched our tent in the saddle between two peaks in the midst of a storm. The wind shifted during the night as a new storm moved in. Winds rose to 60 mph, nearly folding the tent in half. The next morning, after a hurried packing of our frozen gear and tent (shroud lines were coated with 3 inches of ice) we descended 300 feet to find the storm was taking place only on the peaks. Let that then be the first lesson of winter camping—seek a sheltered spot for camp.

It is quite safe to venture out in winter, but if plans are made for going back deep within the white, prepare yourselves for a sudden storm. The sky can change from a clear blue to white, then gray and black in less than an hdur, bringing with it cold winds you wouldn’t believe. Unfortunately, in contrast to summer camping, in the win­ter you are allowed but one mistake . . . your last.

To help you in your planning keep the following points in mind. Survival in winter rests almost entirely on conser­vation of body heat. A person can die of exposure in tem­peratures above 60°, or can be comfortable and safe at 60° below zero. Much depends on how you are dressed, your keeping dry, and finding shelter in the event of a storm.

The following facts, presented in The Sierra Club’s "Man- nual of Ski Mountaineering” should help you in a basic understanding of cold weather survival.

RG17STUFF

“I am afraid of one thing . . . A cold wind. T ha t’ll k ill you for nothing. You’ll ju s t die like a dam n fool”

“The Last o f the Mountain Men” H. Peterson

may sound crude and rude, but frostbite really hurts. O f course Jack London (as mentioned in the Rocky M oun­taineer, tells of Eskimo W omen warming a hunters feet under their ample bosoms.

By all means plan on staying dry. Damp clothing draws warmth from a body w ithin minutes. Use clothing allowing the body to breathe (i.e. fishnet underwear, loose weave wool shirts and pants, wool socks). Always carry an extra set of dry cloths. Plan on changing into dry socks at lunch­time, and both socks and underwear before falling asleep. W hen dressing for an outing use the onion principle— many thin layers. This traps warm air between layers, and allows you to shed or don an extra sweater as needed.

N o need to bathe before going out. The body’s natural oils help w ith insulation. And although on a cold day a beard becomes heavily crusted w ith ice, the weight is negligable, and heat loss from the face is reduced. Besides, it looks ethnic.

W ind can be a hassle. A ten-mile an hour wind under some conditions is equivalent to a lowering of the external

Courtesy "U.S.D.A. FOREST SERVICE”

I N D I V I D U A L E Q U I P M E N T C H E C K L IS T

W E A R I N G :overm ittswool liners or woolen gloves p arka or wind sh irt balaclava or toque knickers (wool) sh irt (wool)

IN S H I R T P O C K E T S :

moleskin (4 pieces) glacier cream kleenex packet

I N P A N T S P O C K E T : chap stickbandana o r hankerchief sour or hard candies knifem atches in w ater-proof container

O N O U T S I D E O F P A C K :foam padsleeping bagice ace and cram pons

I N B O T T O M O F P A C K :set o f long johns ( if not wearing)1 p r. extra knicker socks

IN T O I L E T K I T :

moist towelettes — 2 per day soap, wash rag a n d /o r small towel tooth brush, powder, and comb metal m irro r toilet paper

I N P A C K P O C K E T S : Plastic bags for liners combi-pliers ski waxscraper (plastic w indshield)2 lash cords (Vq" x 14") kleenex packet goggles (am ber wearing) avalanche cordpack cover (large p lastic bag)extra boot lacesfire startersone large spoonone large cupwater bottlebandanaflashlight — extra batteries first aid kit (individual)4 pack straps — 1 p a ir 4 '1 p a ir 3 ' — differen t colors

I N S L E E P I N G B A G :long johnsbed socks or down bootees sleeping toque

I N T O P O F P A C K :wind sh irt or parka wind pants wool sweater down jacket overmittswool liners or woolen gloves balaclave or

te m p era tu re 6 0 ° . F u r th e r increase in w in d w ill h ave lit t le a d d itio n a l c oo ling e ffec t if w in d p ro o f c lo th in g is w orn . Especia lly im p o r ta n t is a p a rk a w ith hood and d raw strin g s a ro u n d th e w a is t a n d face.

SHELTER

In c o n tra s t to su m m er cam p in g , sh e lte r is a n abso lu te necessity . O n a m o u n ta in a s to rm m ay last fo r several days o r a w eek. U n less you a re on th e edge o f th e s to rm , a n d can safe ly tre k o u t, you r b e s t b e t is to se t u p cam p. A lw ays carry a w in d p ro o f te n t ( fa b r ic ) o f a d esign to w ith s tan d severe w ind . T h e te n t m u s t a lso b rea th e (a llo w passage o f body m o is tu re ) , and b e s im p le to se t u p and take dow n. A n ice fea tu re fo r w in te r c am p in g te n ts is to have a sm all v estibu le in th e f ro n t fo r cooking . A sleeve e n tra n ce a t th e o th e r end is desirab le .

As p o in te d o u t earlie r, se lec tion o f a she lte red cam p is im p o rta n t. F u r th e r im p ro v e m en ts o f t ra m p lin g th e snow to a u n ifo rm fla t su rface fo r th e te n t s ite , a n d de v e lo p m e n t o f a w in d sh ie ld a re w o rth th e tim e spen t. I f th e snow is heavy and d a m p , b locks can b e c u t to fo rm a w all. E ver­g ree n and w ood is a lso e ffec tiv e if snow is too pow dery .

S N OW

c o o k in g she lf can be d u g a t the s w arm th k eep th e to ta l cub ic fee t t

e tim e. F or m a x im u m m in im u m .

I f especially heavy w inds a re expec ted , a snow cave shou ld b e b u ilt f ro m a d r if t . F or on ly a snow cave can p ro ­v ide a bso lu te ly still air. B re a th in g is n o t a p rob lem , as snow is q u ite po rous. M ake sure you r d esign places th e s leep ing area h ig h e r th a n th e en tra n ce , to tr a p body heat. A sm all

O n e last a d d itio n , how ever. T a k e a long nove l o r tw o by Ja ck L ondon . I f a sudden b lizza rd com es UP> d ig in a n d spend th e n e x t few days rea d in g " T o B u ild a F ire”, " W h i t e F ang", o r " Call o f th e W ild " . O r how a b o u t R o b e r t S erv ice’s, " T h e C rem a tio n o f S a m M cG ee"

Idle thoughtson a w inter afternoon

Moments tha t wander through the back doors of your mind

The Cremation of Sam McGEEThere are strange things fione in the midnight

sunBy the men who moil fo r gold;

T he Arctic trails have their secret tales That would make your blood run cold;

T he N orthern L ights have seen queer sights, But the queerest they ever d id see

fV as that night on the marge o f L ake Lebarge I cremated Sam M cG ee.

N ow Sam M cGee was from Tennessee, where the cotton blooms and blows.

W hy he left his home in the South to roam ’round the Pole, G od only knows.

H e was always cold, but the land o f gold seemed to hold him like a spell;

Though he’d often say in his homely way that “ he’d sooner live in hell.”

On a Christmas D ay we were mushing our way over the Dawson tra il.

T alk o f your cold! through the p a rk a ’s fold it stabbed like a driven nail.

If our eyes we’d close, then the lashes froze till sometimes we couldn’t see ;

I t wasn’t much fun, but the only one to whim per was Sam McGee.

And th at very night, as we lay packed tight in our robes beneath the snow,

And the dogs were fed, and the stars o ’erhead were dancing heel and toe,

H e turned to me, and “ C ap,” says he, “ I ’ll cash in this trip , I guess;

And if I do, I ’m asking th a t you w on 't refuse my last request.”

W ell, he seemed so low th a t I couldn’t say no; then he says with a sort o f m o an :

“ I t ’s the cursed cold, and it’s got right hold till I ’m chilled clean through to the bone.

Yet ’tain’t being dead — it’s my awful dread of the icy grave th at pains;

So I want you to swear that, foul or fair, you’ll crem ate my last rem ains.”

Used W ith PermissionCourtesy of D odd Meade Publishing Co. "T he C rem ation of Sam McGee” by Robert Service.

A pal’s last need is a thing to heed, so I swore I would not fail;

And we started on at the streak o f daw n; but G od! he looked ghastly pale.

H e crouched on the sleigh, and he raved all day o f his home in Tennessee;

And before nightfall a corpse was all th a t was left o f Sam M cGee.

T h e re wasn’t a breath in th a t land of death, and I hurried, horror-driven,

W ith a corpse half hid th a t I couldn’t get rid, because of a promise given;

I t was lashed to the sleigh, and it seemed to sa y : “ You m ay tax your brawn and brains,

But you prom ised true, and it’s up to you to crem ate those last rem ains.”

N ow a promise m ade is a debt unpaid, and the tra il has its own stern code.

In the days to come, though my lips were dumb, in my h ea rt how I cursed th a t load.

In the long, long night, by the lone firelight, while the huskies, round in a ring,

H ow led out th e ir woes to the homeless snows — O God 1 how I loathed the thing.

A nd every day th a t quiet clay seemed to heavy and heavier g ro w ;

And on I went, though the dogs were spent and the grub was getting low;

T he tra il was bad, and I felt h a lf m ad, but I swore I would not give in;

A nd I ’d often sing to the hatefu l thing, and it hearkened w ith a grin.

T ill I came to the m arge o f Lake Lebarge, and a derelict there lay;

I t was jam m ed in the ice, but I saw in a trice it was called the “ Alice M ay.”

A nd I looked a t it, an d I th o u g h t a bit, and I looked a t m y fro z e n ch u m ;

T h e n “ H e r e ,” sa id I , w ith a sudden cry, “ is m y cre-m a-to r-eum .”

Siome p lan k s I to re fro m th e cabin floor, an d I lit th e b o ile r f ire ;

borne coal I fo und th a t w as ly ing aro u n d , an d I h ea p ed th e fu e l h ig h e r;

T h e flam es ju s t so a red , an d th e fu rn ace ro a re d — such a b laz e you seldom see;

A nd I b u rro w ed a ho le in the g low ing coal, and I stuffed in Sam M cG ee.

T h e n I m ad e a h ike, fo r I d id n ’t like to h e a r him sizzle so ;

A n d th e heavens scow led, an d the huskies how led , an d th e w ind began to blow .

I t w as icy cold, b u t th e h o t sw eat ro lled dow n my cheeks, an d I d o n ’t know w hy ;

A n d th e g reasy sm oke in an inky cloak w en t s trea k in g dow n th e sky.

I do n o t know how lo n g in th e snow I w restled w ith g risly f e a r ;

B u t the s ta rs cam e o u t an d th ey danced abou t ere again I v en tu re d n e a r ;

I w as sick w ith d re ad , b u t I b ra v ely sa id : “ I 'l l ju s t tak e a peep inside.

I guess h e ’s cooked, an d i t ’s tim e I looked ” ; . . . th en th e d o o r I o pened w ide.

A n d th e re s a t Sam , look ing cool an d calm , in the h e a r t o f th e fu rn ace ro a r ;

A nd he w ore a sm ile you could see a m ile, an d he sa id : “ P le ase close th a t do o r.

I t ’s fine in here , b u t I g re a tly fe a r y ou’ll le t in th e co ld an d s to rm —

Since I le f t P lu m tre e , dow n in T ennessee , i t ’s th e first tim e I ’ve been w a rm .”

T h ere are strange th ings done in th e m id n ig h t sun B y the m en w ho m o il f o r g o ld ;

T h e A rc tic tra ils have th e ir secret tales T h a t w o u ld m a k e yo u r b lood run co ld;

T h e N o r th e r n L ig h ts h a ve seen queer sigh ts, B u t the queerest they ev er d id see

/ f V G, PA f h lAG. I t t F T t X G , C A M P I X G . S X O W S H O E i X G , H U X T t X G , F i S H I X G , & H O K E !

t i t 6%' 9 3 STRIP

DO W N TO W N

^ Ui ^ i i i i l l l l i i l l l!} » M !ll i l l l l l i i l l i i i l i i ! ! i ! i l ! ! i ! i i ! i ! l i l ! ! Mll l ‘‘ " ‘‘l l i i l i l i ; i ! i i j l l l l | l l l i i l l | l ! i ! i ! ! l l l l l i i l i i i i i l t i i l l l i i l ! l i i l i l l ! l ! i i l i l i l l i l l i i l l i i i l i l l l l l i l l l l l l i i i l l l l l l i i i i i l i i l i i i i l l l l i i i i i l i l l i l l l i l i l l l l l l l | | ) ) ( U

^ BOB W A R D SONS ^