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Winter navigation and traffic managementNo MoS in Finland without reliable ice-breaking services!
Lassi HILSKA, Senior Adviser, Leading Expert Venice 25.3.2015
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Finland’s import, export and transit, tons and directions, year 2013
By SEA Mt
By LAND Mt
By Sea90 % of Foreign Trade
3
Sea Areas used in IBNet to allocate the vessel
Total 96,3 million ton
Export 47 Mt Import
49,3 Mt
Bay of Bothnia
Quarken
Sea of Bothnia
Gulf of Finland
West
Gulf of Finland
East
4
Ice-breaker URHO
Finland’s winter navigation by sea areas, years 2010 - 2012
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
Alu
ksia
jää
rajo
itu
sten
aik
ana
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
16000
Alu
ksia
ko
ko v
uo
nn
a
Talvikaudella avustetut 286 363 37 147 124 10 142 396 3 255 306 25 553 622 87
Talvikaudella omin avuin 832 954 102 2309 3349 555 561 647 6 223 256 68 274 326 78
Talvikauden osuus vuoden liikenteestä 29 % 34 % 4 % 18 % 25 % 5 % 27 % 38 % 0 % 36 % 42 % 7 % 41 % 51 % 9 %
Koko vuosi 3909 3901 3798 13713 13864 13960 2595 2717 2519 1313 1339 1311 1999 1867 1873
S.lahti itä
2010
S.lahti itä
2011
S.lahti itä
2012
S.lahti länsi 2010
S.lahti länsi 2011
S.lahti länsi 2012
Selkämeri 2010
Selkämeri 2011
Selkämeri 2012
Meren-kurkku 2010
Meren-kurkku 2011
Meren-kurkku 2012
Perä-meri 2010
Perä-meri 2011
Perä-meri 2012
Yearly total of vessels at each sea area has been quite stable
Num
ber o
f ves
sels
du
ring
ice
rest
rictio
ns
(win
ter)
Num
ber of vessels, whole year
Winter, assistedWinter, unassistedWinter, share of totalTotal per year (right axis)
Gulf of Finland Eastern Western Sea of Bothnia Quark Bay of Bothnia
Winters differ year by year
Northern ports need most assistance
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Bay of Bothnia, Finnish – Swedish co-operation in ice breakingAssistance time per season (years 2000-2009)
SE IB to SE Port (days/season)
Average 56 d
MIN 14 d
MAX 121 d
FI IB to SE Port (days/season)
Average 6 d
MIN 0 d
MAX 18 d
FI IB to FI Port (days/season)
Average 189 d
MIN 37 d
MAX 371 d
SE IB to FI Port (days/season)
Average 23 d
MIN 0 d
MAX 75 d
189 d
6 d56 d
23 d
FISE
7
Bay of Bothnia, monthly amount of assistance days (years 2000-2009)
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
100.0
120.0
Ass
ista
nce
day
s
MinMaxAverage
lvm.fi 8
Winter navigation and traffic managementMinistry of Transport and Communications
Transport Policy Department
– Standard of service – Transport policy– Charging policy– Budget planning– Management by results– Goal setting for the Finnish
Transport Agency
Finnish Transport Agency– Management of service– Long-term planning– Consultations, Contracts etc.
Prime Minister’s Office
Minister Sirpa Paatero Government Ownership
Steering Department – ownership policy, the
ownership steering of state-owned companies
Arctia Shipping– Company of special interest
(strategic)– 100% state-owned– Manning and ownership of ice-
breakers
lvm.fi 9
Real-time information network for fleet managementChanges in ice and weather conditions
Long-term – Short-termDailyHourly
Demand of serviceVessel traffic information
Information systems– Services of Finnish Meteorological Institute– IBNet information system– Interfaces or use of other ITS services
VTS, Portnet, Pilotnet, etc.
Assistances to Finland by sea-areas1996-2012
1996
-199
7
1997
-199
8
1998
-199
9
1999
-200
0
2000
-200
1
2001
-200
2
2002
-200
3
2003
-200
4
2004
-200
5
2005
-200
6
2006
-200
7
2007
-200
8
2008
-200
9
2009
-201
0
2010
-201
1
2011
-201
2
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
Avustetut SuomenlahtiAvustetut SelkämeriAvustetut Perämeri
Very mild Normal Hard
Baltic ice winter classification
Gulf of FinlandSea of BothniaBay of Bothnia
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Expected change in thickness of ice cover
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Renewal of ice breaking capacity Ice breakers are part of the infrastructure Present fleet’s operational life time ends next decade The need is expected to remain about the same
– New vessels are designed by EEDI (Energy Efficiency Design Index)
– Global warming is not expected to alleviate the need for ice breaking capacity in decades
Commercial ship owners are not willing to invest in ice-breakers (approximately 100plus M€/vessel)
Efficient life time of a vessel is 50 years State-owned company secures the availability of
capacity Arctic operations may relieve the burden of capital
costs to Finland’s trade
lvm.fi 13
Sisu
Built 1976 Shipyard Wärtsilä Helsingin telakka Iceclass 1A Super Length 104,6 m Beam23,8 m Draft 8,3 m Displacement 9 660 t GT 7 525 t NT 2 258 t Main engines Wärtsilä-Pielstick 12PC2-5V-400 Propulsion power 16,2 MW Speed 18 solmua Bollard pull 113 t Crew 21 Call Sign OHMW
Arctia Shipping
lvm.fi 14
Kontio
Arctia Shipping
Built 1987Shipyard WärtsiläHelsinkiIceclass 1A SuperLength 99 mBeam 24,2 mDraft 8 mDisplacement 9 130 tGT 7 066 tNT 2 120 tMain Engines Wärtsilä 16V32Propulsion power 15 MWSpeed 18,5 solmuaBollard pull 160 tCrew 20Call SignOIRV
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Arctia Shipping
195419751976
19861987
19941993
