1

WINLAB IAB MeetingMay 14, 2004

Rutgers, The State University of New Jerseywww.winlab.rutgers.edu

Contact: Professor D. Raychaudhuri, Directorray@winlab.rutgers.edu

2

WINLAB STATUS UPDATE & RESEARCH OVERVIEW

3

WINLAB Status UpdateWINLAB welcomes sponsors to the Spring 2004 IAB meeting

Focus on consolidating 3 years of growth and on delivering research results

The center’s budget/size grew by ~250% in 3yrs, and has now leveled off at ~$4M/yrCurrent focus is on consolidation of these gains into long-term research programs, new laboratories, increased faculty size and stronger student poolWINLAB has faced the expected “growing pains” associated with resources such as space and faculty, but progress is being made (…new building, networking Asst Prof)Facing some challenges with NJ state funding for research….Major NSF programs (ORBIT, Spectrum, MIMO/Daphne) have provided focus and a sense of purposeIncreased volume of research, many new results from both industry and govt projects

4

Status (contd.)Industrial Sponsorship Program

Currently ~14 sponsor companies3 companies left the sponsor program this year due to continuing R&D cuts….Added 1 new sponsor: Panasonic, and 2 new research partners: Aruba Networks and PnP NetworksExpect to add 1-2 additional new sponsors by Fall ’04Target ~10-15 companies, with close collaboration wherever possible

~3-4 industry focus projects currently in progress4G radio PHY3G/4G HARQSecurity

Increasing collaboration with sponsors on large Govt proposalsNSF MIMO project (DAPHNE)ORBIT wireless networking testbed

More joint proposals with sponsor/partner company labs on key topicsCognitive radioPervasive computing, sensor systems

5

Status (contd.)Industrial Sponsorship Program

Seeking more long-term research collaboration with sponsors

Now that we have invested in new labs and a larger, more qualified student pool, we invite sponsors to work more closely with us

Contributions to ongoing large projects such as ORBITSpecific focus projects on topics of mutual interestJoint proposals to future govt funding RFP’sVisiting researchers, short sabbatical leaves, etc.More student projects and internships

ORBIT facility (~11,000 sq-ft in Rt 1 Tech Center bldg) will have adequate space for research visitors, eff 4Q04.

Open to ideas for improving information flow and collaboration

6

Status (contd.)Govt-funded projects

Several large Federal/State programs over the past few yearsFreebits - NSF, NJCWT - NJCST (...ending in ’03)Spectrum - NSF (’03-’05)MUSE - NJCST (’03-’07)DAPHNE (MIMO) – NSF (’03-06)ORBIT – NSF (’03-’07)

Several proposals in the pipeline for NSF ITR, NSF NeTS and DARPARadio resource management in ad-hoc networksCognitive radio (1 hardware, 1 systems)Pervasive computing softwareCognitive techniques for wireless network management

7

Status (contd.)Govt-funded projects (cont.)

State budget improving, but research infrastructure funds still a problem at all New Jersey state universities

MUSE sensor project renewed at 50% level, but NJCST in disarray…Governor’s university merger & “jobs growth” bond initiative failed last DecWINLAB a finalist for major state research infrastructure grant, now off the tableNeed to build support for state funding of research base -> working with Princeton, NJIT and Stevens for a multi-university initiative in wirelessWill also compete for NJCST funding once a revamped program is announced

8

Status (contd.)Govt-funded projects (cont.)

Current focus on execution of ORBIT wireless network testbedORBIT project ($5.45M over 4 yrs) started in Oct 03Team of ~12 faculty/staff (including 2 full-time research specialists) + ~15 grad students at RU, Columbia, Princeton, Bell Labs, IBM and Thomson WINLAB’s current focus on design and development of radio grid emulatorOther faculty working on EWP’s ranging from ad-hoc nets to securityFirst ~4x4 radio grid demonstrated in April 04 � 64x64 system by Aug 04Started a DARPA project investigating ad-hoc network algorithms on 4x4 gridExpect to offer early access of radio grid emulator to end users in Fall 04Move to new ORBIT facility in Fall 04 for full-scale emulator deployment

9

WINLAB Status: Current Faculty List

Radio Resource Management

& Wireless Systems

Basic Radio/ Modem Technology

Mobile Network Architecture &

Protocols

Mobile ComputingMiddleware & Applications

Y. LuM. BushnellJ. EvansP. SpasojevicL. GreensteinR. Rajnarayan (Research Engineer) S. Filipovic (Research Engineer)

P. Henry (AT&T Labs)*

Students:PhD – 7MS – 3

R. YatesC. RoseN. MandayamS. Mau (Post-Doc)D. FrenkielZ. GajicL. Razoumov (Research Scientist)

Students:PhD – 12MS – 4

D. RaychaudhuriW. TrappeAsst Prof in Networking (TBH)I. Seskar (Assoc Dir IT)R. Siracusa (Research Specialist)H. Liu (Research Prof, ORBIT)K. Wine (Research Engineer)M. Ott1R. Howard1

D. Reininger (Semandex)*S. Paul (Bell Labs)*D. Saha (IBM)*A. Acharya (IBM)*

Students:PhD – 14MS – 3

B. NathT. ImielinskiH. HirshM. ParasharY. Zhang

* Adjunct Prof1 Part-time visiting faculty

10

RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS

11

WINLAB Overview: Research Direction

Internet (IP-based)

Infostationcache

WLANAccess Point

WLANHot-Spot

VOIP(dual-mode)

Low-tier clusters(e.g. low power 802.11 sensor)

Ad-hocnetwork

extension

Public Switched Network(PSTN)

BTS

VOIP

Broadband Media cluster(e.g. UWB or MIMO)

BTS

BSC

MSC

CustomMobileInfrastructure(e.g. GSM, 3G)

CDMA, GSMor 3G radio access network

Generic mobile infrastructure

Today Future?

Research Themes:Faster radiosInterference issuesPower control3G SchedulingHandoff algorithmsWLAN MAC3G/WLAN interworkingSecurityMobile contentetc.

Research Themes:Super-fast short range radiosUWB, MIMOSensor devices/SOC4G radio & next-gen WLANSpectrum coordinationUnified mobility protocolsAd-hoc network RRM , MAC and routing protocolsAd-hoc net QoS & securitySensor net software modelsetc.

12

WINLAB Overview: Research Direction (cont.)

Mobile Internet (IP-based)

Overlay Pervasive Network Services

Compute & StorageServers

User interfaces forinformation & control

Ad-Hoc Sensor Net A

Ad-Hoc Sensor Net B

Sensor net/IP gateway GW

3G/4GBTS

PervasiveApplication

Agents

Relay Node

Virtualized Physical WorldObject or Event

Sensor/Actuator

13

Infostations: “i-media” prototype for enhanced 2.5G/3G services� WINLAB’s “i-media”

prototype developed in 2003 – aimed at enhancing 2.5G/ 3G media services� 802.11 WLAN AP with MAC

optimizations� wired network interface (Ethernet,

DSL,..)� on board processing & cache storage� XML-based content routing for

information delivery services

� Project now moving to lab trials/tech transfer stage:� media service demonstrations with

wireless service operators� military applications....

WINLAB’s ‘i-media’ Infostations prototype 9/03

14

WINLAB Prototypes: Emergency Response Infostation

� Outdoor Infostations for Rapid Deployment� For first responders to set up wireless

communications infrastructure at disaster site� Provides WLAN & sensor net services� Infostations for caching large files (maps, etc.)� Wireless backhaul link

� Prototype incorporates:� 802.11 MAC+ for Infostations pass-through mode� content caching algorithm & software� solar panels, antennas and embedded processor

with WLAN card� can be integrated with 802.11 ad-hoc sensors

WINLAB’s Emergency Infostation 2002

15

Sensor Technology: MUSE Prototype� “Multimodal” wireless sensor hardware being developed with

NJCST funding...� novel ZnO materials for tunable sensors� integration with low-power wireless transceiver designs� focus on an integrated system-on-package or system-on-chip� integrated ad-hoc networking software (as outlined earlier) � sensor applications, including medical heart monitors, etc.

�����������

�� �� ����������

��

������ ��

�� �� ����

��� ��� �������

����������

����

��

�!��� � "�

��� ���

�� !�� ��!�����"��#�

� �� $� �������% � �%��

����!� ���&

�� '� � �" (���

% ���������������%"��

)**)(*+��"�,��-��!��(�� �� � !��������!'(.*)�//'

�"��#�� � �"��" ��"�����"�����01

)**2(*3��"�,��-���,����� � �����# �

���(��� � ���"��" ��"�����%�� "������

16

Sensor Technology: Multimodal ZnOdevice

� “Tunable” ZnO sensor developed by Prof. Y. Lu’s group

� Can be “reset” to increase sensitivity, e.g. in liquids or gas

� Dual mode (acoustic and UV optic)� Applicable to variety of sensing needs

Gate voltageinput

REF.

2DEGmesa

SAWIDT

2DEGGround

Sensing device with chemicallyselective receptor coating

Sensoroutput

Mixer

2DEGmesa

��!����#���-������4��5!��!�,�����

17

MUSE ZnO Sensor

18

WINLAB Prototypes: Medical Sensor with 802.11 WLAN� First system-level MUSE

prototype completed 11/03� New ECG interface board� CerfCube platform with 802.11b (off-the

shelf components)� WINLAB drivers & networking software

� Next steps� Make this prototype available to

BioMed and UMDNJ collaborators� Integrate with ZnO devices� Continue work towards MUSE sensor

SoP/SoC with low-power 802.11b

19

� Low-power 802.11b + multimodal ZnO sensor under development at WINLAB….� Subset of 802.11b optimized for sensor energy� ARM RISC core� RF “wake-up” module, sensor interface, ..

Sensor Technology: Low Power 802.11b hardware

20

Cognitive Radio: Dynamic spectrum sharing� Focus on both legal and technical mechanisms for efficient use of

unlicensed spectrum as wireless devices proliferate� Project scope includes UNII spectrum etiquette, power control,

collaborative multi-hop routing, etc.� Also, a new “spectrum lab” for experimental evaluation of alternative

methods (…needs new measurement tools!)

AP

WPANpico-cell

WLANmicro-cell

Ad-hocsensor net

Control parameters:Power, frequency, time,ad-hoc associations, etc.

Spectrum etiquetteprotocol for co-ordination

Chaos vs. collaboration?How much collaboration is enough?Can multiple PHY’s coexist?Spectrum etiquette standard?Property rights implications?How to measure performance & compliance?

Bluetoothphone

802.11& BTlaptop

Sensorwith PHYTBD

21

Cognitive Radio: Spectrum Policy ServerInternetInternet--based Spectrum Policy Serverbased Spectrum Policy Server can help to coordinate wireless networks

- needs connection to Internet even under congested conditions (...low bit-rate OK)- some level of position determination needed (..coarse location OK)- spectrum coordination achieved via etiquette protocol centralized at server

6�������6�������

�����������

7��)8

��/

� 5�0

� ��"������ 5�0

� ��"����9

� (���

9�!������

������

� �("��"

����!�"�� "�"

�����

� ����!�

����#������

%%%�� ����!� ����

AP1: type, loc, freq, pwrAP2: type, loc, freq, pwrBT MN: type, loc, freq, pwr

�"����

0� �

��:!����

��������

22

Cognitive Radio: Coordination ChannelCommon Spectrum Coordination Channel (CSCC)Common Spectrum Coordination Channel (CSCC) can be used to coordinate ad-hoc radios without wired AP’s or position information:

- requires a standardized out-of-band etiquette channel & protocol- periodic tx of radio parameters on CSCC, higher power to reach hidden nodes- local contentions resolved via etiquette policies (..independent of protocol)- also supports ad-hoc multi-hop routing associations

� (���

����9� (���

�����

� (���

������

�"����

0� �

����

�;��"�,�

����;

����

�;��"�,�

����4

4

;

23

MPC8260

TMS320C6701XC2V6000FPGA

100BaseT EthernetMegarray

Connector-244 Configurable

I/O pins

Cognitive Radio: Hardware Project� “Network Centric” concept for cognitive radio prototype, integrating

agile RF/adaptive modem with network processing for etiquettes and multi-hop collaboration

� Joint NSF NeTS proposal with Bell Labs (Dr. T. Sizer) and GA Tech (Prof. Lasker) to develop flexible cognitive radio platform

Bell Laboratories Software Defined Radio (Baseband Processor)Courtesy of Dr. T. Sizer

24

��������� ��

����

� ������

� �������� �����

����������

���������

� ����

��������� � �

� ����� � �

������ ����� ����

Low-tier access links(AP/FN Beacons, MN Associations, Data)

Ad-hoc infrastructure links between FNs and APs(AP/FN Beacons, FN Associations, Routing Exchanges, Data)

Forwarding Node (FN)

Access Point (AP)

�0

��

FNcoverage

area

APcoverage

area

Low-tier(e.g. sensor)Mobile Node (MN)

�0

����(��,"�$� �" (�������%��<

�0

�0

�0

�0

�0

�0

�0 �0

6�������

�0

��

���������

��������

�����

����� ������ ��������������� �

�����

� ����

����� ������ ��������������� �

�

�

� ��� ������������������ ���������� ����� !� ��� ��������

��� ����������������������� ���� �� �����"����#������ ��� ����$������������ ��� ����%����������� ����� �����

Ad-Hoc Network: Discovery Protocol� Creates efficient ad-hoc network topology just above MAC layer in

order to reduce burden on routing protocol…

25

Ad-Hoc Network: Topology FormationDelay Constrained Energy Minimization:

ERROR: invalidrestore

OFFENDING COMMAND: restore

STACK:

-savelevel-

-savelevel-