A Seminar on “ Wind Energy and India”

INDEX

1.Introduction

2.Wind energy in India

3.Wind energy mechanism

4.Conclusion

INTRODUCTION1.

Renewable Energy

Renewable energy comes from natural resources and it is not

exhausted with time.

This form of energy doesn’t pollute environment.

It is also called green energy or clean energy.

Why Renewable ?

Fast depleting fossile fuels.

Nuclear energy can't be 100% safe proofed after the Japan Incidence.

Global climate change threatens the economy, national security and the global warming.

Kyoto Protocol, which calls for industrialized nations to take the lead in reducing

greenhouse gas emissions

Kyoto Agreement Global Status

Countries Signed & ratified

Countries Signed & not yet ratified

Countries , not yet decided

Countries , no intention of signing

Types of Renewable Resources

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Defining Wind Power

Wind power is the conversion of wind energy into a useful form of energy, such as electricity, using wind turbines

Wind energy systems convert the kinetic energy to more useful forms of power

Wind energy continues to be the fastest growing Renewable Energy Source with worldwide wind power installed capacity reaching 318,137 MW

Five nations – China, USA, Germany, Spain, India and EU – account for 80% of the world’s installed wind energy capacity

Comparison

Fossil Fuel Have to be procured &

made usable through laborious & environmentally damaging process

Limited in reserves, expected to be exhausted in coming 60 years

Transportation required, for further processing exposing environment to danger

Wind Energy Usable as it exists

Inexhaustible

Use where it is available

Why Wind Energy ?

Most viable & largest renewable energy resource Plentiful power source Widely distributed & clean Can get started with as small as 100-200 W Produces no green house gas emissions No raw materials & fuels required No pollution No hassles of disposal of waste Quick returns Good alternative for conventional power plants

WIND ENERGY IN INDIA2.

Wind Power In India

The development of wind power in India began in the 1990s, and has significantly increased in the last few years. The "Indian Wind Turbine Manufacturers Association (IWTMA)“  has played a leading role in promoting wind energy in India

As of 2013 the installed capacity of wind power in India was more than 21,210 MW

Wind power accounts for 10% of India's total installed power capacity.

India Wind Power Density Map

State

Gross potential

(MW)

Installed capacity

(MW)Andhra Pradesh 8275 471.45

Gujarat 9675 3196.58

Karnataka 6620 2148.9

Kerala 875 54.8

Madhya Pradesh 5500 395

Maharashtra 3650 3107.45

Orissa 1700 2

Rajasthan 5400 2721.2

Tamil Nadu 9050 7162.88

West Bengal 450 2

Total (All India) 51195 21220

State Wise Wind Power Potential In India

Wind Power Potential In India

India ranks 5th in wind installation in the world

Is at par with World in terms of manufacturing facilities & technologies

Public sectors coming forward for investment

Wind power potential in the country Is more than 50000MW

Present production is 21220 MW

Ministry of new & Renewable Energy targets an addition of 11000MW in 12th five year plan

Plan Objective is to attract new & large independent power producers to wind sector.

Central Govt. Incentives

80 per cent accelerated depreciation on wind farm equipment/devices

10 years tax holiday for wind farms

Custom duty exemption (Notification No. 21/2002-custom dated 01-03-2002)

Excise duty exemption (Notification No. 6/2002- Central Excise andamendments Thereof)

20% additional depreciation under new plant and machinery

Under RGGVY scheme 90% subsidy in case of rural electrification through renewable energy.

3.WIND ENERGY MECHANISM

Types of Wind Turbine(Based on no. of Blades)

Most common design is the three-bladed turbine. The most important reason is the stability of the turbine. A rotor with an odd number of rotor blades (and at least three blades) can be considered to be similar to a disc when calculating the dynamic properties of the machine.

A rotor with an even number of blades will give stability problems for a machine with a stiff structure. The reason is that at the very moment when the uppermost blade bends backwards, because it gets the maximum power from the wind, the lowermost blade passes into the wind shade in front of the tower.

Types of Wind Turbine(Based on axis of rotation)

Vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT)

Horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT)

VAWT

VAWT(Contd…)

All the Electrical Equipments and gear mechanism are

placed in the ground

Lower starting torque

Difficulty in mounting the turbine

Difference in wind speed

Unwanted fluctuations in the power output

VAWT(Contd…)

HAWT

All the Electrical Equipments and gear mechanism are

placed behind the rotor at the top of the tower

Increased the rotation speed

Operates for wider range of wind speeds

Most of the wind turbines are of HA type.

HAWT(Contd…)

A Typical HAWT

A Typical HAWT(Contd…)

HAWT Mechanism

Rotor

Technical ParametersRated Power (KW) 9 / 10 15 20 - 25 50

Rated Wind speed (m/sec) 12 12 12 12

Number of Blades 2 2 2 3

Rotor dia (Met) 6.5 9.5 12 18

Swept area (Sq met) 30 58 113 226

Blade materialEpoxy / Glass

FiberEpoxy / Glass

FiberEpoxy/Glass

FiberEpoxy / Glass

Fiber

Blade weight (approx) (KGs) 44 64 80 122

Type of Generator Permanent Magnet

Permanent Magnet

Permanent Magnet

Permanent Magnet

Transmission Drive direct Direct drive Direct drive Geared / Direct drive

TowerFixed / Tilting

TowerFixed / Tilting

TowerFixed / Tilting

Tower Fixed

Type of Hub Fixed pitch Fixed pitch Fixed pitch Fixed pitch

Rotor speed at rated wind speed (rpm) 150 100 108 250

Cut-in wind speed (m/sec) 2.5 2.5 3 3

Cut-off wind speed (m/sec) 25 25 25 25

Control system PLC based PLC based PLC based PLC based

Approx Nacelle weight (KGs) 700 1000 1400 2000

Annual Energy output KWH (@ 6m/s) 23,000 38,500 64,000 1,28,000

CONCLUSION

4.

Go for Wind Energy and have a greener, brighter & safer tomorrow

Just don’t blow the future

Thank You !!