LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINESCOLLEGE OF LAW

1st Semester, A.Y. 2013-2014

Wills and SuccessionCOURSE SYLLABUS

Atty. Avelino M. Sebastian, Jr.

I. GENERAL PROVISIONS

Definition of Terms

Charges against the Estate of a Deceased PersonEstate of Hemady v Luzon Surety, 100 Phil 388

Concept of Inheritance; its components

Opening of SuccessionPacio v Billon, 1 SCRA 384Uson v del Rosario, 92 Phil 530Bonilla v Barcena, 71 SCRA 491De Borja v vda, de Borja, 46 SCRA 577Butte v Manuel Uy & Sons, Inc., 4 SCRA 526Go Ong v Court of Appeals, 154 SCRA 270Reganon v Imperial, 22 SCRA 80Salvador v Sta, Maria, 20 SCRA 603Ramirez v Salazar, 24 SCRA 918

II. TESTAMENTARY SUCCESSION

General Provisions

Definition of a Will

Nature of Making a Will; Personal Act of the Testator

Delegable and non-delegable functions of a Testator

Imperfection of the language of a Will; Rules of InterpretationDizon-Rivera v Dizon, 33 SCRA 554

Vda. De Villaflor v Juico, 4 SCRA 550

Partial Invalidity of Testamentary Dispositions

After-Acquired Properties Properties acquired after Making of a will (Art. 793)Accruals to the Estate since the opening of Succession (Art 781)

Santos v Blas, 1 SCRA 899

Governing law of a will as to formArticle 795 – as to time of executionArticle 815 – as to a Filipino in a foreign countryArticle 816 – as to an alien who is abroadArticle 817 – as to an alien who is in the Philippines

Governing law of a will as to substantive validityArticle 16

Testamentary Capacity

Elements of testamentary capacityDe Guzman v Intestate Estate of Francisco Benitez, 169 SCRA 284

Form of Wills

(a) Notarial WillSuroza v Honrado, 110 SCRA 388Reyes v vda. De Vidal, 2 SCUD 53Balonan v Abellana, 109 Phil 359Garcia v Lacuesta, 90 Phil 489Nera v Rimando, 18 Phil 450Taboada v Rosal, 118 SCRA 195Icasiano v Icasiano, 11 SCRA 422Cagro v Cagro. 92 Phil 1032Lopez v Liboro, 81 Phil 429vda. De Ramos v Court of Appeals, 81 SCRA 393Garcia v Gatchalian, 21 SCRA 1056Cruz v Villasor, 54 SCRA 31Gabucan v Manta, 95 SCRA 752Garcia v Vazquez, 32 SCRA 490Alvarado v Gaviola, Jr.,, 226 SCRA 347Gil v Murciano, 88 Phil 260Caneda v Court of Appeals, 222 SCRA 781

Holographic WillRoxas v de Jesus, Jr., 134 SCRA 245Labrador v Court of Appeals, 184 SCRA 170

(c) Probate of a Holographic WillGan v Yap, 104 Phil 509Rodelas v Aranza, 119 SCRA 16Azaola v Singson, 109 Phil 102Rivera v Intermediate Appellate Court, 182 SCRA 322

(d) Alterations in a Holographic WillKalaw v Relova, 132 SCRA 237Ajero v Court of Appeals, 236 SCRA 488

Joint Willsde la Cerna v Rebaca-Potot, 12 SCRA 576

Witnesses to a Notarial Will

(i) Qualifications and DisqualificationsGonzales v Court of Appeals, 90 SCRA 187Ref. Article 823 compared to Article 1027 paragraph 4

(g) Definition and Form of a Codicil

(h) Purpose and Requisites of Incorporation by Reference

D. Revocation of WillsGago v Mamuyac, 49 Phil 902Testate Estate of Adriana Maloto v Court of Appeals, 158 SCRA 451

(a) Implied Revocation(b) Ineffectivity of a Revoking Will(c) Revocation based on a False Cause

E. Republication and Revival of Wills

F. Allowance and Disallowance of a WillGallanosa v Arcangel, 83 SCRA 676Maninang v Court of Appeals, 114 SCRA 478Pastor, jr., v Court of Appeals, 122 SCRA 885Jimenez v Intermediate Appellate Court, 184 SCRA 367Ozaeta v Cuartero, 99 Phil 1041

Coso v Fernandez Deza, 42 Phil 596Pascual v dela Cruz, 28 SCRA 421Nepomuceno v Court of Appeals, 139 SCRA 206Roberts v Leonidas, 129 SCRA 33

G Institution of HeirsInstitution of Heirs compared to Legacies and Devises

Concept of Legitime and the Freedom to Dispose Property

Error in Designation of Heirs

Disposition in favor of an unknown person (Art. 844) compared to:(i) Institution of relatives in general (Art. 959)(ii) Institution of the Soul (Art. 1029)Institution of the poor in general (Art. 1030)

Rule of Equal Division

Individual and Collective Institution

Full-blood and Half-blood siblings

Incomplete Distribution without Partial Intestacy

Excessive Institution

Statement of a False CauseAustria v Reyes, 31 SCRA 754

H. PreteritionReyes v Baretto-Datu, 19 SCRA 85Aznar v Duncan, 17 SCRA 590Nuguid v Nuguid, 17 SCRA 449Balanay v Martinez, 64 SCRA 454Cayetano v Leonidas, 129 SCRA 522Acain v Intermediate Appellate Court, 155 SCRA 100

I. Substitution of HeirsSimple Substitution

Brief or Compendious Substitution

Reciprocal Substitution

Fideicommissary SubstitutionRamirez v Ramirez, 111 SCRA 704Vda. de Mapa v Court of Appeals, 154 SCRA 294Crisologo v Singson, 4 SCRA 491

(e) Prohibition to Alienate the InheritanceRodriguez v Court of Appeals, 27 SCRA 546

J. Conditional Institution/Institution with a TermNo burden on the LegitimeEffect of Impossible ConditionsCondition not to marryDisposicion CaptatoriaPurely Potestative ConditionCasual or Mixed ConditionSuspensive ConditionNegative Potestative ConditionModal InstitutionInstitution with a Term

K. Legitime

Concept of Legitime

Compulsory HeirsCastro v Court of Appeals, 173 SCRA 656Tayag v Court of Appeals, 209 SCRA 665Baritua v Court of Appeals, 183 SCRA 565Van Dorn v Romillo, Jr., 139 SCRA 139Rosales v Rosales, 148 SCRA 69

Reserva TroncalPadura v Baldovino, 104 Phil 1065Edroso v Sablan, 25 Phil 295Sienes v Esparcia, 1 SCRA 750Lacerna v vda. de Corsino, 1 SCRA 1227Solivio v Court of Appeals, 182 SCRA 119Chua v CFI of Negros Occidental, 78 SCRA 414Florentino v Florentino, 40 Phil 480Gonzales v CFI of Manila, 104 SCRA 481

De Papa v Cmacho, 144 SCRA 281Carillo v de Paz, 18 SCRA 467Sumaya v Intermediate Appellate Court, 201 SCRA 178

Reserva Maxima and Reserva Minima

Extinguishment of the Reserva

General Principles Governing the Legitime

Table of Legitime

Completion of Legitime

Protection of the legitime(i) Completion of legitime (Article 906)(ii) Preterition (Article 854)(iii)Collation (Article 1061)

Calculation of the Hereditary EstateMateo v Lagua. 29 SCRA 864vda. de Tupas v RTC of Negros Occidental, 144 SCRA 622

Imputation of donations

Liquidation of the Absolute Community of Property/Conjugal Partnership

Calculation of the Legitime

L. DisinheritanceConcept of Disinheritance

Requisites of Disinheritance

Form of Disinheritance

Defective Disinheritance

Grounds for Disinheritance(i) Ref. Articles 18, 19 and 20, Revised Penal Code(ii) Ref. Article 228, 229, 230 231 and 232, Family Code

Effects of Reconciliation

Right of Representation

M. Legacies and Devises(a) Definition

Distinction between legacies and devisesDistinguished from institution of heirsResponsibility for payment of legacies and devisesOrder of AcquisitionLegacy/Devise of a thing belonging to the beneficiaryEncumbered PropertyLegacy of a CreditLegacy of a RemissionAlternative Legacies and DevisesOrder of Preference (Art. 911 compared to Art. 950)Repudiation and Ineffective Legacies and DevisesImplied Revocation of Legacies and Devises

III. INTESTATE SUCCESSION

A. Causes of Intestate SuccessionRodriguez v de Borja, 17 SCRA 418Madarcos v de la Merced, 174 SCRA 599

B. Fundamental Rules of IntestacyRules of Proximity

de los Santos v de la Cruz, 37 SCRA 555Rule of Equal Division

C. Right of RepresentationDe la Puerta v Court of Appeals, 181 SCRA 861Abellana-Bacayo v Ferraris-Borromeo, 14 SCRA 986Sayson v Court of Appeals, 205 SCRA 321

(a) Nature of Right of Representation(b) Heirs Entitled to the Right of Representation

Representation in the Direct Descending LineRepresentation in the Collateral LineEntitlement under the Right of Representation

D. Order of Intestate SuccessionOrder of Intestate Succession to a Legitimate Person

(b) Order of Intestate Succession to an Illegitimate Person

(c) Order of Intestate Succession to an Adopted Person

Successional Rights of an Adopted Child

Successional Rights of Parents and Ascendants e

Successional Rights of an Illegitimate ChildDel Prado v Santos, 18 SCRA 68Cacho v Udan, 13 SCRA 693

The BarrierCuartico v Cuartico, 52 O.G. 1489Corpus v Corpus, 85 SCRA 567Leonardo v Court of Appeals, 120 SCRA 890Diaz v Intermediate Appellate Court, 150 SCRA 645; 182 SCRA 427Vda. de Crisologo v Court of Appeals, 137 SCRA 233Suntay III v Cojuabgco-Suntay, 621 SCRA 142

Successional Rights of the Surviving SpouseSantillon v Miranda, 14 SCRA 563

Successional Rights of Collateral Relatives(i) Full-Blood and Half-Blood Siblings(ii) Right of Representation

Successional Rights of the State(i) Rule 91, Revised Rules of Court(ii) Disposition of Escheated Property(iii)Recovery of Reappearing Heir

IV, PROVISIONS COMMON TO TESTAMENTARY IN INTESTATE SUCCESSION

A. Right of AccretionDefinition of AccretionGrounds for AccretionReason for AccretionCoverage of AccretionAvoidance of AccretionAccretion in Testamentary SuccessionAccretion in Intestate Succession

Sharing of Accrued PropertyEffects of AccretionAccretion among Compulsory Heirs

B. Capacity to SucceedAbsolute and Relative Incapacity

Rights of the Unborn Child (Ref. Art. 41, Civil Code)Parish Priest of Victoria v. Rigor, 89 SCRA 496

Incapacity by Reason of Possible Undue Influence

Incapacity by Reason of MoralityArticle 739, Civil Code

Incapacity by Reason of UnworthinessRef: Article 920, paragraph 1Ref. Article 919, paragraph 2Ref. Article 921, paragraph 4

Rules of CondonationRef. Article 922 on Reconciliation

Determination of Capacity to SucceedCid v Burnaman, 24 SCRA 435

Representation of an Incapacitated Person

C. Acceptance and Repudiation of the InheritanceFreedom to Accept or to Repudiate

Time to Accept or RepudiateDimayuga v Court of Appeals, 129 SCRA 111

Presumption of Acceptance

Irrevocability of Choice

Retroactivity of the Choice

Who may Accept or Repudiate

Kinds of Acceptance (Express or Tacit)

Manner of Repudiation

Right of a Creditor to Accept an InheritanceLeviste v Court of Appeals, 160 SCRA 581

Transmissibility of the Right to Accept

Expanded Effect of Repudiation as a Testamentary Heir

D. Executors and AdministratorsRef. Rules 78 to 90, Revised Rules of Court

E. CollationDefinition and Purpose

De Roma v Court of Appeals, 152 SCRA 205

Collation, Imputation, Reduction

Collation of Value vs. Return of Property

What constitutes a gratuitous conveyance

Dispensing with Collation

Collation by grandchildren succeeding by representation

Collation by grandchildren succeeding in their own right

Collation of wedding gifts

F. PartitionCo-ownership prior to Partition

Concept of Partition

Partition Inter VivosMang-oy v Court of Appeals, 144 SCRA 33Chavez v Intermediate Appellate Court, 191 SCRA 211

Right to Demand Partition

Partition Involving Indivisible Property

Right of Redemption of a Co-HeirAlonzo v Intermediate Appellate Court, 150 SCRA 261

Reciprocal Warranty of Title and Quality of Property

Waiver of Warranty

Grounds for Rescission of PartitionRef: Article 1390, Civil Code

Prepared By: Noted by:

Atty. Avelino M. Sebastian, Jr.(Faculty)

Ma. Soledad Deriquito-Mawis(Dean)

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