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William Joel Parker. Human Development. Motivation. Learning Theory. Learning Environment. 2002 Maura Enscoe and Tom Larson. William is an enactive learner, by Bandura’s definition. William has one positive role model and one negative role model. Learning Style and Role Models. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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William Joel Parker
Human Development
Learning Theory
Motivation
Learning Environment2002 Maura Enscoe and Tom Larson
Learning Style and Role Models William is an
enactive learner, by Bandura’s definition.
William has one positive role model and one negative role model.
Piaget’s Learning ModelMath Class Example
Lesson: Area
William falls into disequilibrium during lecture.
Accommodation 1
Accommodation 2
Math Class Example
Accommodation 1
Mr. Seanz the Math teacher provides one on one education.
4 inch square area
Math Class ExampleAccommodation 2
Class hands-on project
Planters and Flowers
Triangle Planter
L-Shaped Planter
Rectangular Planter
Skinner Operant ConditioningABC Model
Antecedents – Hungry students
Behaviors – Pushing, bullying
Consequences – Hurts others feelings, and is sent back to the end of the lunch line.
Lunch Time!
Skinner Operant Conditioning
Removal Punishment
Sending William to the end of the lunch line does not work.
Positive Reinforcement
Letting out class 2 minutes early for good behavior does work.
AutismAutos – self
Inability to communicate effectively usually due to language fallback.
Impaired social interactions and restricted interests.
No cure, but early detection allows theory to help with fine motor skills.
Human Development TheoryVygotsky
Zone of Proximal Development
William has a very narrow ZPD
Williams requires scaffolding often to achieve success in his school subjects.
Scaffolding Required One on one
instruction. Hands-on
experiences.
Motivation William is
extrinsically motivated at work.
William is intrinsically motivated at school.
Learning Environment*Recommendation 1
William working one on one with teachers, with multiple learning aids.
(*Derived from: Vygotsky’s ZPD, Piaget’s learning theory, Bandura Enactive Learner)
Learning Environment*Recommendation 2
Supervised social atmospheres.
(*Derived from: Piaget-Cognitive Development and Vygotsky’s Human Development)
Learning Environment*Recommendation 3
Give William confidence and assurance.
(*Derived from: Erikson’s Psychosocial and Weiner’s Attribution)
Learning Environment*Recommendation 4
Positive reinforcement rather than punishment.
(*Derived from: Skinner’s ABC Model)
All About “Billy” 16 years old Interests include; video games,
birds, gardening. Has a best friend named Brian Has a girlfriend. Black Lab named Ebony Work in a greenhouse Discipline Problems
-Parental lack of discipline. Struggles in school. Autistic
IndexHuman Development Theory- Cognitive Development
(Piaget, Vygotsky)- Psychosocial Development
(Erikson)- Moral Development
(Kohlberg)
Learning Theory- Cognitive (Piaget’s Learning
Model- Behaviorism (Skinner)- Social Learning Theory
(Bandura)- Processing Style- Constructivism
Motivation
- Goal Structure
- Attribution System
- Hierarchy of Needs (Maslow)
Piaget Cognitive Development
William is in 4th state, Formal Operations
Has critical thinking limitations.
Has trouble analyzing school material.
Adolescent ego-centrism.
Vygotsky Human Development Theory
William’s ZPD is extremely narrow.
Needs extensive scaffolding.
Erickson’s Psychosocial Development
Primary stage: Initiative vs. Guilt
Secondary stage: Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
Working on: Industry vs. Inferiority
Kohlberg’s Theory of Moral Reasoning
Level 1 Preconventional/personal impact
Stage 2 Personal reward
William is trying to get to the social contract and universal ethic stage.
Cognitive Learning TheoryPiaget’s Learning Model
When William falls into disequilibrium, he often requires multiple attempts at accommodation, before he can assimilate the situation.
This method works well in his educational settings.
BehaviorismSkinner Operant Conditioning
William’s social behaviors can be altered, by Skinner’s Operant Conditioning.
Many of Williams social problems can be solved using Skinner’s ABC model.
Positive reinforcement produces better results than removal punishment.
Bandura’s Social Learning Theory
According to Bandura, William would be classified as an enactive learner rather than a vicarious learner.
Processing Style
William is primarily a bottom-up processor.
ConstructivismWilliam is an exogenous learner.
Motivation
William is extrinsically motivated at work.
William is intrinsically motivated at school.
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
William struggles with belongingness.
Attribution SystemWilliam’s excuses are external.
His thoughts are unchangeable.
Placing blame on others is uncontrolled.
William is a classic learned helplessness case.
Goal StructuresWilliam is work avoidant.
William is motivated by others.
