Why Study Skeletal Problems• Skeletal disease reduce the mass and quality of bone• They cause millions of fractures/year and costs tens of

billions of dollars in therapy and rehabilitation• A 25% mortality rate within a year in older subjects who

experience a hip fracture due to secondary ailments• A 50-year old Caucasian female has a higher chance of dying

due to a fracture than due to breast cancer!• Although many new therapies have been developed, they

often have serious side effects• Require reliable, non-invasive diagnostic tools to determine

the need for and duration of therapy

Structure of Bone

Damage to Bone

Vibrational Assessment

How to do Physics I

How to do Physics II

How to do Physics III

Modeling

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Computations

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Experiments

Figure 5: Dynamic analysis of bone samples at various stages of bone loss indicated by amount of BMD.

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Normal BoneOsteopenic Bone

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Fig u r e 7 : Dy n a mi c A n a l y si s of bo n e c ub e s a t

f our s t ag e s o f b o ne l o s s . P hy si ca l m ode ls o f th e

mi c r o- C T s can s we r e b u il t us in g r ap i d

p r ot o t y p i ng .

Summary

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0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200Frequency [Hz]Acceleration [m/sec^2]

Normal BoneOsteopenic Bone

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are needed to see this picture.QuickTime™ and a

Graphics decompressorare needed to see this picture.

Fig u r e 7 : Dy n a mi c A n a l y si s of bo n e c ub e s a t

f our s t ag e s o f b o ne l o s s . P hy si ca l m ode ls o f th e

mi c r o- C T s can s we r e b u il t us in g r ap i d

p r ot o t y p i ng .