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Why did the building of the Berlin Wall increase tensions?
L/o: To understand why the Berlin Wall was constructed and evaluate how this impacted on peace.
Lesson Colour KeyPurple: InstructionsRed: Copy into bookGreen: Answer questions in neat book
Which do you think is West Berlin and East
Berlin?
Task: What can we infer from the images about East and West Berlin?
->Which side do you think is more prosperous (wealthy)-how can you
tell?->Which side do you think people
would prefer to live on? –why?->What do you think life was like for
people on each side?
West Berlin:• Plentiful supplies in the
shops. • Freedom of speech• Rising standards of
living• Jobs and economic
growth
East Berlin:• Limited supplies and no
choice in shops.• Rights and freedom
restricted.• Stagnating standards of
living
Why were people leaving East Berlin in the 1950s?Task: Read through pages 41 and 42 on the NEXT slide and answer the questions below in full detail in your neat books.1) Why were refugees leaving East Berlin in the 1950s? 2) What does the graph in Figure 2.1 help you to understand about the
movement of refugees?3) What ultimatum did Khrushchev make? The ultimatum Khrushchev demanded was that Western countries…4) What demands did Khrushchev make in 1958?One demand Khrushchev made was…The second demand was…A final demand was…5) What impact did the Berlin Ultimatum have on international relations?One impact the Berlin Ultimatum had on international relations was…A second impact was…
What happened at the Summit Meetings between 1959-61?
Task: • Read Page 43 and 44 on
the next slide• Copy the Timeline
opposite in the centre of a page in your neat book.
• Make notes around each of the meetings highlighting why tensions are increasingbetween the countries
What happened at the Summit Meetings between 1959-61?Task: Using the information below Green pen answers on your timeline
Geneva, May 1959:• Both US and Soviet Union put
forward proposals for how Berlin should be governed, but no agreement was reached.
HEIGTENING TENSIONS BECAUSE:• Both the USSR and the USA have
different views of how Berlin should be governed.
Camp David, September 1959:• Eisenhower and Khrushchev
met and although there was still no agreement over Berlin were willing to establish better relations within each other by having more talks.
Paris, May 1960:• Khrushchev walks out the meeting
due to the U2 Crisis in which they shot down an American spy plane.
• Khrushchev less willing to make decisions and work with the west in reaching agreements about Berlin.
HEIGTENING TENSIONS BECAUSE:• Khrushchev loses trust in the West
and becomes more unwilling to negotiate with them.
Vienna, June 1961:• John F. Kennedy becomes president of the
USA.• Kennedy’s policies involve building up the US
army and resolving difficulties.• Khrushchev renewed his tough 1958
ultimatum • Kennedy refuses to make concessions
towards him and relationship becomes strained.
Why was the Berlin wall built?
Task: Read Page 45 on the next slide and answer the following question in your neat book:Explain why the Berlin wall was built by the Soviets in 1961.
The first reason why the Berlin Wall was built was…
A second reason was… (link to Khrushchev. What can he achieve by doing this?)
• 27 miles of wall split the city in half
The wall wasn’t just ONE wall… it was a death strip….
Checkpoint Charlie - the ONLY crossing point between East and West from 1961-
1990 Checkpoint Charlie got its name from the phonetic alphabet. (The others were Alpha and Bravo... a, b, c). By 1962, this checkpoint was the only place at which foreigners visiting Berlin could cross from West to East and back again.
Crossing at Checkpoint Charlie could result in an international conflict!
What were the impacts of the Berlin Wall? Task: Read Page 45 on the next slide and make notes under the following subheading:
The Impact in Berlin:
One impact the Berlin Wall had on Berlin was…
Another impact was…
Another impact was….
How did the West react to the Berlin Wall being built?
Task: Read page 48 on the following slide and answer the questionsbelow in full detail in your neat book• What impact did the Berlin Wall have on International Relations?One positive impact…One negative impact…
• How might the building of the wall have increased tensions between east and west?
One way the building of the Belin Wall increased tensions between the east and west is…
• How far was ‘peaceful coexistence’ working between the nations? I believe that peaceful coexistence was _______ working between the nations because…
Cold War Crises: Berlin Assignment
TIP: remember the key to scoring well on this type of question is create a clear, coherent narrative that links together events and explains how one leads to the next in a logical way. E.g. The migration of skilled workers from East Berlin through the 1950s led to…. This created a crisis because… which resulted in… therefore….
Task: Using the worksheet provided on Edmodo answer the two exam questions below and upload it to the ‘Cold War Crises: Berlin assignment on your class page.
Write a narrative account analysing thekey events of the second Berlin crisisfrom 1958 to 1961.You may use the following in youranswer:• Vienna Summit 1961• The construction of the Berlin wall
1961You must also use information of yourown. (8)
Explain the importance of the construction of the Berlin wall for relations between the USA and the Soviet Union. (8)
