Why are we studying this?

• To learn more about our culture.

• To expand our musical vocabulary.

• To be able to recognise traditional Scottish instruments and dances when we hear them.

How to use this revision material:

• For sound examples go to • http://www.educationscotland.gov.uk/

learnlisteningonline/atozdictionary/index.asp

or• http://www.educationscotland.gov.uk/nqmusic/

concepts/index.asp

You can also use http://www.youtube.com/

to find sound clips.

The Music of ScotlandFeatures of Scottish MusicWhat makes Scottish music sound Scottish?

• Instruments

• Melody

• Scales

• Grace notes

• Rhythm

Bagpipes

Pipe Band

Listen to the sound of the bagpipes

Listen to the sound of a pipe band

A pipe band includes drums as well as pipes. Most commonly marching bass drums & snare drums.

Bagpipes

• Drones

• Chanter

• Reed

Styles of Bagpipe music

• Pipe Band

• Pibroch•http://www.educationscotland.gov.uk/nqmusic/national5/concepts/pibroch.asp

Instruments

Fiddle

Accordion

The fiddle, is just a Scottish word for violin.

Listen to this example of Scottish fiddle music

The accordion is very much associated with Scottish music.

Listen to the sound of an accordion

This fiddle is accompanied by which instrument?

This bass – chord, bass – chord style of piano accompaniment is called a vamp. Listen out for it in future excerpts.

Instruments

ClarsachThe clarsach is a Scottish harp. It comes in a number of sizes, but is smaller than an orchestral harp. Listen to the sound of

the clarsach

Clarsach Pedal Harp

Clarsach means small harp.

Notice the difference in height!

Instruments

BodhranThe bodhran is an Irish wooden drum, held in one hand and played with a wooden beater. It is often used in Scottish folk music.

Listen to the sound of the bodhran

Modern Folk music

Folk music is still very much alive & well

Here’s an example of modern folk music

Here’s another

Celtic Rock

Here’s an example of celtic rock music

Here’s another

A style of music that mixes folk music and rock music together

Scottish Dance Music Played by a Scottish Country Dance Band

Heard at a CeilidhListen to the sound of an Scottish Country Dance Band

Click the picture above to view

Click the picture above to view

Folk Group A group of two or more musicians who perform music in a traditional style usually accompanied by guitars.

Perform traditional music from a particular country e.g. Scotland.

Some extra instruments you might hear in Scottish music...

• Piano

•Guitar

•Drumkit or Snare Drum

The Scottish Dances

• March

• Strathspey

• Reel

• Jig

• Waltz

•Scotland has a rich dance tradition and dancing requires music!

•Ceilidh dancing, Highland dancing, country dancing, Scottish step dancing

The Reel A quick dance

In Simple time 2/4 or 4/4

‘Straight’ rhythms (quavers / crotchets etc.)

No ‘jumpy’ rhythms

Sounds like “Running Reel, Running Reel”Listen to this reel

Here’s another one

LETS WORK ON RHYTHM!

REEL

The JigAnother quick dance

In Compound time 6/8

‘Jumpy, Skippy’ rhythms (triplets & ‘dotted-sounding’.)

You can hear: “one-and-a-two-and-a” or “skippity-skippity skippity-skippity”

Listen to this jig

Here’s another Jig

JIG

The Strathspey A more slow dance (at a walking pace)

In Simple time 4/4

The only dance to contain Scotch Snaps

Listen to this strathspey

Here’s another one

STRATHSPEY

The Waltz A slow dance

In 3/4 time

Count “ 1,2,3 1,2,3”

Listen to this waltz

Listen to another one

WALTZ

The March A dance at a ‘marching’ pace

Can be in 4/4, 2/4 or 6/8 time

Sounds like you could

‘march to the strong beat’. Listen to this march

Here’s another one

• ‘Scotland the Brave’ is a march

Scottish Dance Quiz!

1– Name the dance being played. 2 – Name both the style of music and the dance being played.3 – Name the dance being played.4 – Name the dance being played and the type of group playing.5 – Name the dance being played and whether the dance is in simple or compound time.

MelodyPentatonic Scale

Bagpipe &###

Grace note

ÞÏj

Ïj Ï Ï Ï Ï Ï Ï ∙ ∙ ∙

44&bAuld Lang Syne

Ï Ï . ÏjÏ Ï Ï . Ï

j Ï Ï Ï Ï . Ïj Ï Ï ú. Ï

Grace Notes

The easiest way to find the pentatonic scale is the black notes on a piano keyboard.

RhythmScotch Snap

44&bAuld Lang Syne

Ï Ï . ÏjÏ Ï Ï . Ï

j Ï Ï Ï Ï . Ïj Ï Ï ú. Ï

6

Bagp. &bÏ Ï . Ï Ï . Ï Ï . Ï Ï . Ï Ï . Ï Ï . Ï Ï . ∙Ï Ï .

44&bAuld Lang Syne

Ï Ï . Ïj

Ï Ï Ï . Ïj Ï Ï Ï Ï . Ï

j Ï Ï

&bú. Ï Ï Ï . Ï Ï . Ï Ï . Ï Ï . Ï Ï . Ï Ï . Ï Ï . ∙Ï Ï .

&b

Al ly∙ BalÏ Ï

ly∙ Al

Ï Ïly∙ Bal ly∙ Bee

Ï Ï Ï Ï ÏSit tin'∙ on

Scotch snap

Ï Ï .yer Mam

Ï Ïmy's∙ knee

Ï Ï . Ï∙

&b ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙

&b ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙

&b ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙

&b ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙

&b ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙

&b ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙

&b ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙

&b ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙

Ally Bally Bee

Strathspey

CONCEPTS!

• VampA rhythmic accompaniment with a bass note played on the beat and a chord off the beat. Usually played by piano or guitar.

• Scotch SnapA very short accented note before a longer note

• Simple TimeThe music has 2,3 or 4 beats in a bar. Each beat is usually 1 crotchet beat.

• Compound TimeThe beat is divided into groups of 3 pulses. 2 dotted crotchet beats in a bar- 6/8

Vamp

A rhythmic accompaniment with a bass note played on the beat and a chord off the beat. Usually played on piano or guitar.

Scotch Snap

A very short accented note before a longer

note.

Simple TimeMusic has two, three or four beats in each bar. Each

beat is usually one crotchet. The first beat of each bar is slightly accented.

1 + 2 + 3 + 4 +

Compound TimeThe beat is divided into 3 pulses.

1 + a 2 + a

Scottish Vocal Music• used to tell a story• to work to• to dance to • to entertain

• Working song

• Listen for the ‘Thud Thud’

• Call & Response technique

• Singing in Unison

Listen to this waulking song

Listen to another

Waulking song

Bothy Ballad

• Sung by men

• Tales of Farming

• Often humorous

• Usually unaccompanied

Listen to this Bothy Ballad

Scots Ballad• Tells a story

• Handed down through word-of-mouth

• Often through travelling people

Listen to this Scots Ballad

Listen to another

Mouth Music(Puirt-a-beul)

• Music to dance to

• No instruments (Unaccompanied)

• Very rhythmical

• Gaelic nonsense words sung in imitation of the sound of bagpipes

Listen to this Puirt-a-beul

Listen to another

Gaelic Psalm Singing• ‘Eerie’ sound

• Slow

• Congregation follows minister

• Singing in UnisonListen to some Gaelic Psalm singing