Why Active Snacking is the Most Effective Method of Nutritional Supplementation

8/9/2019 Why Active Snacking is the Most Effective Method of Nutritional Supplementation

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Nutritional Practices & Habits of Boomer Consumers:Why Active Snacking is the Most Effective Method of

Nutritional Supplementation

Nutritional tools to minimize age acceleratorsand enhance an active and healthy functionallifestyle


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Nutrition can have a significant effect on health status; Optimal NutritionalPractices can help manage chronic disease states and improve active

lifestyles throughout aging.

Lack of proper nutritional practices and habits contributes to the progression of chronic disease states and compromises the healthstatus and lifestyles of the normal aging process in 70% of boomer & older consumers, (NIA Report, 2010; J.Geront A Biol Sci.MedSci,2008)

Under-nutrition can accelerate the age-related decline of a healthy functional response by up to 60%. This leads to an age-resistantresponse by muscles , requiring more effective use of nutritional energy sources , (J.Nut.Health.Aging 16:35-45,2007)

Between the ages of 50 and 75, daily caloric intake decreases by 12% but protein intake decreases by 30%. While Fat intakedecreases by 12%, saturated fat increases by 15% while poly-unsaturated/omega 3 decrease up to 20% (NHANES, 2006 CSFII,1996;Wakimoto & Block, 2001)

Over 50% of 50 yr plus consumers are protein under-nourished while less than 20% consume too few calories,(Wakimoto & Block2001, NHANES 2006)

80% of protein under-nourished consumers experience up to a 50% loss of muscle mass by age 75 and a 100% increase in fat mass.This leads to poor strength and energy and increases the risk of heart disease, diabetes and cognitive decline by up to 40%. Overall, asignificant decline in activity level coupled with poor nutrition accelerates the aging process. (Obesity Res.2004;12:913; Obesity Res.2004; 12:1995; JAGS,1999;48:1409)

A decrease in protein intake and loss of muscle along with inadequate vitamin and mineral intake and lack of exercise can acceleratethe aging process and decrease quality of life while chronic diseases increase. Age-resistant muscle building can be overcome byspecial protein with high leucine and essential amino acids (Am.J.Clin.Nut.2003;778:250-253; NHIS Schoenern, 2006)

Nutritional supplementation with active snacking times can improve functional health status of aging and is more effective than mealreplacement. Optimizing the effect of Nutrition can be achieved with therapeutic nutrition. British Med J.2008;337:92-95


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18 25 35 50 65 75 85

AGE

100

75

50

Normal LifeFunctionResponse Curve

Effect of HeartDisease &Diabetes on LifeFunction

CognitiveDecline Effect

BeneViaNutritionAdvantage

Healthy Life Function Response Curve & The Influence of ChronicDiseases, Nutrition and Exercise on Overall Functional Activity withAging. Strong & Active Health Management (Adapted from Am.Fam.Phys,56:1815-1822,1997;NatlHealthStatistics 2009; NEJM 343:530-540, 2000)

PercentofFullFunction


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18 25 35 50 65 75 85

AGE

50

40

30

20

10Normal LifeFunctionResponse Curve

Cascade of Age AcceleratorsEffecting Healthy Life Function. Anillustration of the impact of nutrition, physiology and chronicdisease risk on active life stages. Increasing Risk Results in Loss ofHealthy Life Function (Adapted with NEJM 343:530-540,2000; NHANES 2000; NIA 2010)

PercentIncreaseRis

k

100

75

50

PercentO

fNormalHealthyLifeFunction

Decreasing Quality Protein Intake Results in Loss ofLean Muscle Body Weight, Reduces Strength & Energyand compromises healthy life function over time

Increasing Fat Mass Leads to Increased Rates ofObesity; Inactivity Causes further Decline

High Incidence of Heart & CardiovascularDisease Increases risk of co-morbidities

Increased Prevalence of Diabetesaccelerated due to below issues

Increased Risk & Incidence ofLoss of Cognitive Performance

Poor Protein, low AntiOx, NoActive Nutrients AcceleratesAging Faster

Initial Thresholdof AgeAcceleration

Chronic DiseaseThreshold ofAge Acceleration

Therapeutic NutritionHealth ManagementThreshold

Life Function Responses (% of Peak)(lines right /below are scaled to far right axis)

Healthy,Active

AgeAccelerated

Normal AgeDecline


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The aging shift to more Fat Mass vs

Muscle can be controlled with intakeof quality protein sources and fewercalories. This helps avoid build up offat in the blood and muscle, reducesinflammation and minimizes the ageresistance of muscle and thus the

acceleration of the aging process

(ABC Study 2007, Am J.Clin Nutrition)

KeyNutritionalVariable

Optimal IntakeLevel forNormal,Healthy Aging(age 50 75yrs)

ThresholdIntake Level ator belowwhich Agingis Accelerated

Typical &AverageIntake Levelsfor 50 to 75 yrConsumers

Calories 1600 kcal/day 1300 kcal/day 1800kcal/day

Protein 1.2g/kg-bw/day(avg 85g/day)

0.8g/kg-bw/day(avg 56g/day)

65g/day

Carbohydrate 206 g/day 175 g/day 200g/day

EssentialAmino Acids +Leucine

40g/day on avg 25.2g/day onavg

26g/day

CalciumVitamin DOmega3/DHA

LuteinB Vitamins

1200 mg/d600 IU

>250 mg/d

4mg/d1.8 mg/d

800 mg/d400 IU

50 mg/d

2mg/d1.3mg/d

700 mg/d500 IU

30 mg/d

< 2mg/d1.6mg/d

Inadequate Protein Intake Is the Primary Cause of Healthy Functional Decline inAging. Lean Body (Muscle) Mass is a Critical Need in Aging while Caloric Controlscan help Avoid the Age Accelerators of Excess Fat Mass and Body Weight (USDARDAs 2009; NHANES 2006;J.Am.Ger.Soc.54:991-1001,2007)

(Controllable Nutrient Accelerators of Aging)


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0

20

40

60

Non-Supplementation

With Amino AcidSupplementation

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Soy Casein Whey Hi Leu/EAA

Effective Nutritional Supplementation that Slows the Accelerators of Aging Mustaddress Three Critical issues 1) Effectively Increase Protein Intake, 2) Use a HighLeucine Essential Amino Acid Protein Blend that overcomes Aging MusclesResistance to Building More Muscle and 3) Time Nutritional Supplementation Intakethat Optimizes the Effects of Active Nutrients on the Muscle & Body Systems (Layman.Nutrition and Metabolism 2009; 6: 12 Volpi E, Kobayashi H, Sheffield-Moore M, et al: Am J Clin Nutr2003;78:250-258))

Muscle Building Muscle Breakdown

PercentMuscleBuilding

Per

centMuscleActivity Supplementation with Protein Blends of High

Leucine/Essential Amino Acids Improves theMuscle Building Balance to More MuscleBuilding and Less Breakdown. In subjects 50to 75 yrs this improvement overcomes theresistance of aging muscles to build stronger

muscle mass. (Clin. Nutrition,2008)

Optimal & Maximal Protein Synthesis isAchieved when 715grams of Essential AminoAcids/Leucine Blends are used or whenintact/total protein sources of 25 35grams isavailable. (Exp Geront. 2006; 41:215-219; Am.J.Physiol 2006;291:381; Biolo et al. Am J Physiol 1997; 273: E122-E129)

Use of High Leucine/Essential Amino AcidProtein Blends by subjects 50 to 75 yrs is aMore Effective Source of Protein at Buildingand Improving Muscle Mass than otherprotein forms of Supplementation Paddon Joneset al. Am J Physiol 286: E321-E325, 2004; Am J Physiol 288:

E761-E767, 2005

Optimal Muscle Building Range

15gIntactProteinSourceEffect

30gintakelevels

7 & 15gintake ofamino acidblend withLeucine

Concentrated, lower volume Leucine/EAA blendsare More Effective than Intact Protein


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PercentMuscleB

uildingEffectiveness

100

75

50

25

0

Optimal Muscle Building Range Per Intake

Average Per Meal Protein IntakePattern for 50 to 75 yr Consumers

13gprotein

36gprotein

20gprotein

Breakfast Lunch Dinner Exercise Breakfast Lunch Dinner Snack

14gprotein

Average Daily Muscle Building Effect

Typical Per Meal Daily Protein Intake Levels and Source of Protein isInadequate to Optimally Stimulate Muscle Building Capacity. This is in spite ofConsumption of Adequate Caloric Intake Above the Age Accelerator Threshold

Ca

loricIntake

600

400

200

Average Per Meal Caloric IntakePattern for 50 to 75 yr Consumers

405 479 767 356

2007 total calories consumed daily

Adapted from: Paddon Jones et al. Am J Physiol 286: E321-E325, 2004; Am J Physiol 288: E761-E767, 2005; NHANES 2006 Summary reports

Data represents nutriitonal intake of 50-75yr old consumers as reported from NHANES 2006 and NFSII 2004)


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PercentMuscleB


100

75

50

25

0



13gprotein

36gprotein

20gprotein


14gprotein


Supplementation with Typical Nutritional Beverages will Have Little to Noeffect on Increasing Muscle Building Capacity and will Result in only anExcess of 250 to 350 Calories

Ca

loricIntake

600

400

200


405 479 767 356

2007 total calories consumed daily

10gprotein250 cal

Supplementation Effect

Adapted by: Paddon-Jones D and Rasmussen BB. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2009;12:86-90


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PercentMuscleB


100

75

50

25

0



13gprotein

36gprotein

20gprotein


14gprotein


Meal Replacement with Typical Nutritional Beverages will Result in even LessEffective Muscle Building Capacity and a Net Zero to Plus 25 Caloric IncreaseAdpated from Fiatarone et al. J Am Ger Soc 41: 333-7, 1993, NEJM, 1994 ; AmJPhysiol. 286:E32, 2004)

CaloricIntake

600

400

200


405 479 767 356

1950total calories consumed daily

14gprotein354 cal

Meal Replacers Dont Work @

Stopping Age Accelerators


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10

PercentMuscleB


100

75

50

25

0


13gprotein

36gprotein

20gprotein

Breakfast Lunch Dinner Exercise

15gprotein

Average Daily Muscle Building EffectBefore Optimal Supplementation

Supplementation with Low Volume Highly Concentrated Protein Blends with HighLeucine/Essential Amino Acids Will Provide a Convenient and 4X More EffectiveMethod of Optimizing Muscle Building Capacity without a Significant Caloric Load

Supplementation with 8g High Leucine/Essential Amino Acids at Meal time will

Improve Muscle Building Capacity by 4X and in a Low Volume Non-SatiatingManner. 100 Calories will be manageable

Improvement inMuscleBuildingCapacity

Active Snacking (Supplement between Meals) with low volume concentratedProtein Blends of High Leucine/Essential Amino Acids is the Most Effect Means ofovercoming Age Accelerators of Inadequate Nutritient & Protein Intake

Plus4X

ProteinPowerand100 cal

Plus4X

ProteinPowerand100 cal

Adapted with Paddon-Jones D and Rasmussen BB. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2009;12:86-90; Paddon Jones et al. Am J Physiol 286:E321-E325, 2004; Am J Physiol 288: E761-E767, 2005


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The Objective of Supplementation should include the following considerations,1) Maximize the effect of protein for a net positive gain in muscle buildingcapacity, 2) Increase active nutrients to a therapeutic level for improved healthbenefit , and 3) Do so without increasing age accelerators to the diet.

1. Net Positive Gain for Muscle Building

Use Supplementation at Times that keep muscle building activity as high as possibleand for as long as possible during the course of the day. Active Snack Times inMorning & Afternoon fill the gaps and increase overall muscle building capacity. ThreeOptions for Supplementation Presented Below

BFast Lunch Dinner BFast Lunch Dinner BFast Snack Lunch Snack Dinner

Musc

leBuildingActivity

Optimal Threshold Level of Muscle Building

Net Daily Muscle Building Effect

Standard DietaryPractices, No

Supplementation

Supplementation@ Meal Time,

Increased Protein

Supplementation atSnack Time w High

Leucine/EAA Protein

Optimal MuscleBuilding isAchieved byconsuming 30g ofquality intactprotein per meal

or bySupplementationof 715g of a highleucine/EAAprotein blend.Lower volumesincrease benefit

and complianceAdapted by: Volpi E, Am J Clin Nutr2003;78:250-258; Paddon-Jones D and Rasmussen BB. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2009;12:86-90


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Active Nutrients Play a Significant Role in Targeting Specific Health Benefits andare Not Readily Available at Therapeutic Levels in the Typical Diet

2) Increase active Nutrients to therapeutic levels for targeted health benefitsTherapeuticNutrient

RequiredAmount for

TherapeuticBenefit

Percent 50 75 yr olds

not Meetingthe requireddaily levels

AverageDaily Intake

on TypicalDietaryPractices

Percent Gapbetween

therapeuticbenefit andintake level

Omega -3/DHA

450mg/day+ 80%


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Active SnackingActive Snacking provides a convenient and effective manner of nutritional

supplementation for therapeutic benefit,

Between meal supplementation helps to maximize the bodys net muscle

building capacity by using specialized protein sources with high leucine/essentialamino acid protein sources,

Active snacking with nutritional beverages provides a convenient approach tosupplementation while managing caloric intake (less than 100 calories/serving),maximizing delivery of active nutrients and keeping age accelerators such asadditional fat out of the diet

Recognizing the current dietary practices and habits of 50 to 75 yr old

consumers, active snacking provides effective means of improving nutritionaland health profiles needed for active lifestyles

Active snacking avoids the issue of satiation which may not only decrease totalfood consumption but increase the likelihood that further loss of key nutrientsmight take place.


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Summary Highlights on theNeed & Effectiveness of Active Snacking

The nutritional practices and habits of boomer consumers reveal that while caloric intakelevels are adequate, insufficient protein and protein source intake levels contribute to an

accelerated loss of muscle mass during the aging process

Active nutrients that enhance healthy lifestyles also appear to be consumed at lower levelsand as many of these have therapeutic health benefits, lack of availability in the diet maycontribute to the risk of compromised health in aging,

Inadequate and ineffective nutritional availability leads to an accelerated decline in aging and

increased risk of chronic disease states,

Inadequate protein intake couple with the age-resistance of muscle to building muscle requiresnot only higher protein levels to be consumed (>1.2g/kg bw/day) but also a quality sourceprotein that includes a high leucine/essential amino acid protein blend that builds muscle moreeffectively.

This superior protein source results in significantly higher muscle building capacity in aconcentrated/smaller volume. This means that maximal muscle building capacity can beachieved with 715g of this blend vs the 30g required by intact protein sources (casein,whey)to achieve the same effect. Smaller volumes result in greater compliance, less satiation, morecomplete nutrient intake and superior outcomes

Active Snacking between meals with high quality nutritional supplementation results in agreater net benefit in both protein and active nutrient therapeutic benefits


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Why Active Snacking is the Most Effective Method of Nutritional Supplementation