1

WHITTLESFORD NEIGHBOURHOOD PLAN Nov 12

Environment and Heritage Section – Background

N: ENVIRONMENT AND HERITAGE

N.1: Introduction

N. 1. 1: This section of the Neighbourhood Plan deals in depth with protection relevant to the

environment, bio-diversity, heritage, landscape and open spaces of the village, it also includes

information associated with other sections of the Neighbourhood Plan, namely:-

• Housing and Rural Development

• Transport and Infrastructure

• Community Assets

N. 1. 2: Sub-sections covered include:-

• N. 2: Areas receiving statutory protection

• N. 3: Areas receiving non-statutory protection

• N. 4: Geographical layout of Whittlesford

• N. 5: Geology

• N. 6: Landscape

• N. 7: Flora and fauna

• N. 8: Flood Zone and flood risk

• N. 9: Water quality

• N. 10: Listed buildings

• N. 11: Protecting village character with building design

• N. 12: Open and ‘Green Spaces’, and amenity areas

• Acknowledgment

• References: EH

• Appendix: EH 1 – Tables

• Appendix: EH 2 – Supplementary Maps and Information

• Appendix: EH 3 - Images of Parish landscapes to be protected

N. 2: Areas receiving statutory protection

Sites of Special Scientific Interest:

• The Whittlesford - Thriplow (Newton Road), Hummocky Field site - Lythrum

hyssopifolia – grass poly (Refs. EH 4, 4a, 10a, 22a; Appendix EH 2, Fig. 1)

• The Thriplow Peat Holes, west of the Roman Settlement below (Appendix EH 2, Fig. 2)

Scheduled Monuments:

• The Roman Settlement south of Chronicle Hills (Ref. 4a; Appendix EH 2, Fig. 2)

• The Moated Site, 130m west of Whittlesford Manor (Appendix EH 2, Figs. 2, 10)

2

• The Chapel of the Hospital of St. John (Duxford Chapel), Station Road – East (Appendix

EH 2, Fig. 4)

Conservation Areas:

• The Conservation Area of the Village centre (Ref. EH 24)

• The Conservation Area of the North Site of the Imperial War Museum, Duxford

(IWM) (Ref. EH 24; Appendix EH 2, Fig. 3)

Listed Buildings:

• Within the Village centre and southern area of the Parish (Appendix EH 1, Table 3, Appendix EH 2,

Fig 2)

• On the North Site of the Imperial War Museum, and Ledo Road, Duxford (Ref. EH 24,

Appendix EH 2, Fig. 3)

Protected Wildlife:

• Triturus cristatus - (Great crested–newt); habitat and breeding areas (Ref. EH 3; Appendix

EH 2, Figs. 5 and 6)

N. 3: Areas receiving non-statutory protection:-

• The Lawn (Refs. EH 1, 13; Appendix EH 1, Table 4f and 6)

• The County Wildlife Site adjacent to Whippletree Road

• The Community Orchard and allotments, junction of Newton and Whippletree Roads (Ref. EH 18)

• Protected Village Amenity Area on Church Lane (Ref EH 9a)

• Individual trees and blocks of trees within the Parish. Maps, records and Tree

Preservation Orders (TPOs) exist for these trees on the South Cambridgeshire District

Council (SCDC) website (Refs. EH 16, 16a).

N. 3. 1: All of the above are protected against development within the Green Belt and to

varying degrees by national and district planning legislation; and some by supplementary

legislation (Refs. EH 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 9a, 9b).

N. 3. 2: An objective should be to secure appropriate future protection for the areas

listed below:-

• The archaeological excavation: Saxon Village site; field(s) 50m northwest of the

Moat House, Church Lane (Ref. 25; Appendix 2: Figs 10, 10a and 10b) (It has the potential to be

registered as a site of Local Archaeological Interest [LAI])

• The Park; an arable field opposite the Moated Site SSSI, North Road (It has the

potential to be registered as a site of Local Archaeological Interest - LAI)

• The Millennium Wood, adjacent to The Croat Footpath, off Vicarage Lane

(Unprotected – but has the potential to be registered as a block TPO with SCDC) As

the rest of the field, the wood is already in the Green Belt.

3

• Earls Hook – an area to the east of the Parish and of botanical interest (Unprotected,

but would require surveying to ascertain the site’s botanic potential). Already Green

Belt.

• Woodland between Middle Moor and Whippletree Road surrounding the County

Wildlife Site and including Moor Plantation together with the tree belt to the northeast

of Whippletree Road to the Little Shelford boundary.

N. 4: Geographical layout of Whittlesford

N. 4.1: Whittlesford is not a ‘compact’ village. In effect the Parish comprises four separate

and distinct areas of development.

They are:-

• The Village centre – including the Conservation Area; located around and extending

out from the Guildhall and The Lawn

• The southern area, focussed around Whittlesford Bridge, the east side of Duxford

Road, Royston Road and Station Roads (East and West)

• The area to the north, situated along North, Newton and Whippletree Roads

• The area known as Duxford Camp, located one and a half miles southwest of the main

village, bordered by the east/west A505 and IWM Duxford - but separated from the

other three areas by the M11 motorway

N. 4. 2: The development framework boundary of each area is currently protected by the

Cambridge Green Belt, which for the most part, consists of Grade 2 and Grade 3 (a) and (b)

agricultural land (Refs. EH 5, 5a; Appendix EH 2, Figs. 7 and 7a).

Throughout the year this land supports a number of typical arable and/or vegetable crop

rotations (Appendix EH 1, Table 1).

Grade 2 land is located primarily to the east and north-east and surrounds the main village

and extends along and beyond, the Newton Road area.

Grade 3 land is situated mainly to the west and south – including fields adjacent to Duxford

Camp and Whittlesford Bridge, respectively.

N. 4. 3: An objective would be to preserve valuable productive arable land for future

generations. Development on Grade 2 and Grade 3(a) land would not be allowed except

under exceptional circumstances. The existing Agricultural Land Classification map does not

distinguish between Grade 3(a) and (b) land (Appendix EH 2, Fig. 7b). However, there are a number

of smaller fields under 2 hectares in size which are more difficult to farm with modern

machinery which are adjacent to the village development boundary. Where identified housing

need is unmet Rural Exceptions Sites can be brought forward but must show evidence that no

alternative sites can be found and that there is no adverse impact on local surroundings.

N. 5: Geology

N. 5.1: The underlying geology of South Cambridgeshire is dominated by a narrow

continuation of the Upper Cretaceous Chalk ridge that runs south-west to north-east across

4

southern England. This very pure form of limestone was deposited in tropical sea conditions

which date back to a period between 97 and 74 million years ago (Ref. EH 8).

N. 5 .2: The Parish of Whittlesford is split between - at the northern end, the bedrock of a Zig

Zag Chalk Formation and at the southern end, a Holywell Nodular Chalk Formation outcrop.

Overlying these to the south and west are sand and gravel deposits. These are superficial

deposits formed up to 2 million years ago. Here the local environment was previously

dominated by ice age conditions – the resultant ‘spoil’ from this action is sometimes called

‘drift’* (*also the name of Parish footpath/bridleway 7, presumably because of this feature ).

To the north and east of the village centre are River Terrace Deposits, again of sand and

gravel – also up to 2 million years old. The local environment here was previously dominated

by rivers.

N. 5. 3: Over the years some of these deposits have been exploited - mainly for building; the

resultant pits are now features of our landscape. Some have become flooded and provide

valuable areas for plants, wildlife and recreation and should be protected (Ref. 26).

N. 5. 4: Other landscape features sometimes found in the fields around Whittlesford are

collapsed pingos (Ref. EH 19). These usually take the shape of large circular depressions in the

soil and are relics of the last ice age. Some of these are essential for the preservation of

certain plants and wildlife; see below under N. 7: Flora and fauna.

N. 6: Landscape

N. 6. 1: Natural England has specified that five areas of South Cambridgeshire have been

identified as National Character Areas. Of the five, the Parish of Whittlesford is most typical

of a ‘Chalk-land landscape’ - classified officially as ‘East Anglian Chalk’ (Ref. EH 10 and 10a).

The main influence of the chalk bedrock is on the limited fertility of the soil and the diversity

of habitat that supports a particular and special flora.

N. 6. 2: This landscape is characterised on drier ground by large rectilinear arable fields and

scattered chalk grassland, with Salix spp. - willows and sallows, Corylus avellana - hazel and

Alnus glutinosa – alder, occupying some wetter and lower lying areas.

There may also be mires, small spring-fed fens and chalk streams. The understorey is often

‘scrub’ consisting of Crataegus monogyna – common hawthorn, Prunus spinosa -

blackthorn, Hedera helix - ivy and Rubus spp (mainly sub-genus, Eubatus) - bramble.

Higher ground is sometimes topped with copses of Fagus sylvatica - beech (Refs. EH 6, 7).

N. 6. 3: The definition of chalk grass-land also extends to include grassy banks, roadside

verges and field margins that retain the typical chalk-land flora.

An objective should be to conserve and/or manage these smaller grassy areas

sympathetically, in order to retain this characteristic flora (Refs. EH 4, 7, 9).

N. 6. 4: The area around the Village settlements is predominantly of an open, arable nature; to

the west and north of the parish there are wooded areas. These are found mainly along the

5

edges of the Hoffer Brook (The Quave) (Ref. EH 14, Appendix EH 2, Figs. 8a, b and c), Whippletree Road

(County Wildlife Site etc.), North Road (Park Woods) and Shelford Road (Appendix EH 2, 8f and g).

These support a wide variety of wildlife and some uncommon native and naturalised plants (Ref. EH 22; Appendix EH 1, Table 4).

To the north of the Parish there are some extensive areas of grassland associated with the stud

and to the east of Shelford Road, and along the river, with some smaller areas of grazing land

and rough grassland lying within and on the edge of the built-up areas. Although many

hedgerows have been lost over time leading to a very open landscape, where arable fields are

bounded by hedges they generally contain a varied selection of broad-leaved species of trees

and shrubs (Appendix EH 1, Table 2).

N. 6. 5: As well as the long-distance views, there are also a number of key views over open

land and landscape features within the Village that contribute to its character. Some

landscape and heritage assets which are important to the visual character of the Village are

protected already; the listed buildings and local landmarks such as The Tickell Arms,

Rayners Farm, the Guildhall, the Chapel and the Red Lion, the Lawn etc, but some are not.

N. 6. 6: An objective therefore, will be to protect and preserve these open landscape

views from future development.

They are:-

1. Church meadows; the view from Church Lane including good views towards the Parish Church (Appendix 3 view 1).

2. View to Parish Church from footpath 1 (Appendix 3 view 2).

3. Arable field at North Road (The Park) affording views to the Parish Church from North Road and views from footpath 1 towards the village (Appendix 3 views 3a and 3b).

4. The meadows beside Footpath 2 between the railway crossing and the mill with views to the river and towards the Mill and the village (Appendix 3 views 4a and 4b).

5. The wooded setting of Whippletree Road (Appendix 3 view 5).

6. The treed entrance to the village from the Baulks footpath to Radegunds on both sides of the road (Appendix 3 view 6).

7. The setting of the Millennium Wood with views across the meadow from North Road by Rayners Farm and views from the Croat footpath across arable land towards the wood and Rayners Farm (Appendix 3 views 7a and 7b).

8. Markings Farm meadow affording views from West End towards open land and the Millennium Wood (Appendix 3 view 8).

9. Long views over open land from Duxford Road towards the east. Limited public viewpoints with high roadside hedges (Appendix 3 view 9).

10. Long views south west from the west end of Royston Road and from footpath 8 towards high ground at Heydon (Appendix 3 views 10 and 10a).

6

Additionally, statutory and district planning policy dictates that the integrity of the landscape

must be protected and/or enhanced when considering planning applications (Refs. EH 1, 2, 9, 9a, 9b).

N. 7: Flora and fauna

N. 7. 1: Most native species of animal in this country are afforded varying degrees of

protection by the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981, as are some rare and endangered plants (Ref. EH 3). A number Priority Species of birds, terrestrial mammals and vascular plants as

described in the UK Biodiversity Action Plan of 2007 have been recorded in Whittlesford (Ref. EH 31).

The Parish is an important area for some rare arable weeds, including L. hysoppifolia – grass

poly and Legousia hybrida - Venus’ looking-glass; although with the intensification of

agriculture over the last 50 years there has been a large decline in species numbers (Ref. EH 4,

10a).

With this intensification, the incidence of some other species also went in to sharp decline,

e.g. Agrostemma githago – corn cockle, Chrysanthemum segetum - corn marigold and

Centaurea cyanus – cornflower.

Over the last ten years examples of the latter group have been sporadically recorded and

photographed in fields west of the village. A more extensive record of Parish plants and

mosses can be found in Ref. EH 22 and photographs in Ref. EH 22a; Appendix EH 2, Tables

5 and 6.

N. 7. 2: Two animal species in particular, deserve mention. These are Chirocephalus

diaphanous – the fairy shrimp (Ref. EH 4, 10a, 23) and Lepus europaeus – the brown hare.

Like L. hysoppifolia - grass poly, the fairy shrimps occur in the temporary hollows (collapsed

pingos), located in fields in the Whittlesford area. This crustacean has been recorded at fewer

than 30 sites in the UK since 1960.

In contrast, brown hares are not uncommon and can be frequently seen on the large open

fields - especially during March, when they come together to breed. They are however, iconic

residents of this chalk-land landscape.

N. 7. 3: Occasionally native reptiles are also recorded in some of the drier, grassy areas of the

Parish - Natrix natrix – the grass snake and Anguis fragilis – the slow-worm (Ref. EH 27). They

and their habitats are protected at a statutory level (Ref. EH 3).

N. 7. 4: Lampetra planeri – the brook lamprey and Anguila anguila – the freshwater eel have

previously been recorded in the ditches around Park Wood and Spicers Lake respectively (Ref.

EH 21). Both species are now rare and should be protected against future development in the

Parish (Ref. 26).

N. 7. 5: T. cristatus - great crested-newts are found in numerous ponds around the Parish and

are also protected at a statutory level, as are their habitats (Ref. EH 3; Appendix EH 2, Figs. 5 and 6).

N. 7. 6: In the UK there are 18 species of bat, seventeen of which are known to be resident

here. They represent almost a quarter of our mammal species (Ref. EH 30). Some roost in trees

and old buildings, others are found underground. Their numbers have declined severely over

the years, so it is imperative that any proposed development should incorporate an

7

appropriate environmental assessment. All bats and their habitats are protected at a statutory

level (Refs. EH 3).

POLICY N: PROTECTING AND ENHANCING LANDSCAPE CHARACTER

Proposals for future development should ensure that they comply with objectives that:-

• Continue to protect the character and open views of the chalk-land landscape, its

features and land use

• Continue to protect and enhance the natural environment and bio-diversity of

flora and fauna in the Parish

• Are appropriate in scale and character to the overall rural setting

• Protect important local landscapes and views that contribute to the character of

the village

• Continue to preserve strategic gaps in development to avoid future coalescence

as Whittlesford’s four identifiable separate areas of development are a cherished

aspect of the village.

Restrictions relating to development in these areas are covered in greater detail by Statements

of Environmental Opportunity and the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (Refs. EH 3, 10 and 9)

N. 8: Flood Zones and flood risk (Ref. EH 14)

N. 8. 1: The River Granta enters the parish at Whittlesford Bridge in the south and flows

northwards, forming part of the adjoining Pampisford, Sawston and Little Shelford

boundaries in the east and north respectively. During periods of heavy rainfall the River

Granta occasionally floods adjacent fields.

Much of the western Parish boundary with Thriplow is formed by the Hoffer Brook. Any

flooding here is entirely restricted to arable fields and woodland (Appendix EH 2, Figs. 8a, 8b and 8c).

N. 8. 2: In England, Planning Policy Statement 25 (PPS25) on development and flood risk

aims to "-- ensure that flood risk is taken into account at all stages in the planning

process to avoid inappropriate development in areas at risk of flooding –".

Proposed developments should therefore address any potential issues by consulting the

Environment Agency’s (EA) Flood Zone Maps and modelled outlines provided by the EA for

the River Cam Flood Risk Mapping Project (2010)

In this respect, Flood Zone maps shown as Appendix EH 2: Supplementary Maps and

Information, indicate that there is no likelihood of flooding within the current development

frameworks of the Parish (Appendix EH 2, Figs. 8d, 8e, and 8f).

N. 8. 3: The objectives within any new development should also include provision for

sustainable urban drainage systems as laid out at a statutory and district planning level (Refs. EH 1, 2, and 20). These systems should be carefully designed to reflect natural landscape

features and avoid long term maintenance issues.

8

N. 8. 4: An objective should be to preserve existing meadow land along the river Granta

to seek to increase public access and provide a riverside path with sensitive

consideration of wildlife.

N. 9: Water quality

Water resources are protected by law in England and Wales under the WRA 1991 and the

EPA 1990, as amended by the Environment Act 1995. More recently the Environment

Agency has introduced a series of strategies to rationalise the approach to groundwater

protection, conservation, use and drainage (Ref. 28).

At a local level, this subject has been addressed by South Cambs. District Council’s

Cambridge Water Cycle Strategy Scoping Study started in 2007 and reported 2011 (Ref. 29).

N. 9 .1:The objective for any proposed new developments should be to adhere to the

principles laid down for water management in these documents, as well as in existing

legislation.

N. 10: Listed buildings

N. 10. 1: Within any area in the UK, buildings of historic importance, local design, or of

distinct style are often protected by statute, i.e. ‘Listed’.

Whittlesford has 49 examples of this designation, including a village pump and a ‘Red, K6

telephone kiosk’ (Ref. EH 15; Appendix EH 1, Table 3).

N. 10. 2: Many of the oldest buildings located within the Conservation Area of the Village are

timber framed and plastered. Some have exposed external beams with thatched or slate roofs.

More modern dwellings are constructed from clay batt or brick, or in some cases, wooden-

clad; again often roofed with slate or pantiles.

There is a good mix of detached, semi-detached and terraced cottage properties throughout

the village, all of which give a character to Whittlesford that should be retained for the future (Refs. EH 1, 12).

N. 10. 3: Listed buildings on the IWM North Site and Conservation Area are distinct in

appearance from those in the village centre and are constructed from brick. Their style and

layout is typical of the design and construction of other Royal Air Force bases of the same

period (Ref. EH 11).

N. 10. 4: The objective for any proposed development must be that it should conform to

high standards of design and construction that would retain or enhance the existing

rural character, layout, openness and views that is currently afforded them, as well as

the immediate and protected area.

N. 11: Protecting rural village character along with building design

9

N. 11. 1: The heritage and character of villages is made up of a blend of older, historic and

more modern buildings - interspersed in some cases, by open space. Depending on the size

and situation, some of these open spaces are valuable as wildlife habitat, whilst others give a

feeling of openness to residential areas. Some open spaces afford key views important to the

character of the village. However, Housing Needs Surveys have consistently recorded a need

for affordable housing in Whittlesford. Apart from the brownfield sites that are due to come

forward in the south of the Parish there is very restricted latitude for development outside

valuable Green Belt. Development on brownfield land should generate an appropriate

percentage of affordable housing in line with Policy. Where there is a shortfall, development

on Exception Sites could be brought forward, subject to compliance with planning policy

adjacent to the village development framework in fields which, being of less than 2.00

hectares, are more difficult to farm with modern large machinery.

SCDC Policy H/10/ 1c states that the District Council will have to be assured that no

alternative appropriate sites can be found for the scale and type of development proposed and

that the scheme fulfils all the criteria set out in the Council's policies, including those relating

to the impact of new development on local surroundings.

Exception Site legislation has permitted building on particularly valuable ecological habitat

within the village and the greater level of local detail on priority sites within the

Neighbourhood Plan will be invaluable in protecting such sites.

N. 11. 2: The objective should be to reject development plans that would have a negative

impact on the rural appearance of the Village and its amenity features (Ref. EH 9a). This

might also include high levels of street lighting that increase light pollution and are not

‘energy efficient’.

To help mitigate causes of, and contribution to, climate change, energy generation and energy

efficiency must be of prime concern.

POLICY N+1: BUILDING DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION (Ref. EH 9b, 10)

Proposals for new developments should:-

• Complement the appearance - scale, style, materials and setting, of the existing

buildings in the Village

• Protect and enhance the rural character of the Village, in terms of openness and

existing amenity features of the area

• Minimise the environmental impact of proposed new developments through

greater energy efficiency and ‘green’ energy generation where feasible

• Include - where appropriate, boundary hedges and other landscape planting that

reflects local native tree, shrub and grassland species the native species of shrub

that will encourage bio-diversity

• Protect and enhance sustainable drainage systems and green infrastructure

• Contribute to the provision of open space and increase countryside access either

on site or through financial contributions

• Provide affordable housing

10

N. 12: Open and ‘Green Local Spaces’ and amenity areas

N. 12. 1: It has already been stated that village character is often the result of a mix of

building styles and open – sometimes green, space. NPPF now requires designation of Local

Green Space to be allowed only when certain criteria are fulfilled (Ref. EH 1, 17).

There are currently few Local Green Spaces within the Parish; some of which are already

designated as ‘protected’.

N. 12. 2: The Lawn (Ref. EH 13) and the Newton Road Green Space are protected areas.

However, Maynards Green Space and the Millennium Wood are not protected, but are:-

• “In reasonably close proximity to the community to be served”.

• “Of special value as --- beauty, recreational value, tranquillity or richness of its

wildlife”.

• “Local in character and not an extensive tract of land”.

All three of these areas meet the criteria set out above for ‘protection’.

N. 12. 3: The objective is to ensure that proposed new developments have specific land

allocated as Local Green Space and that it receives the appropriate protection set out as

a condition of contract.

Also to ensure that any areas that are not already protected, receive appropriate

protection in the future.

A further objective would be to extend – where possible, the Millennium Wood.

N. 12. 4: Suggestions cited at Neighbourhood Plan Open Meetings for additional Local Green

Spaces were:-

• A Local Green Space and recreational/children’s play area to be incorporated into any

proposal for development at the Old Scrapyard site, off Station Road (W) at the

southern end of the parish

• A Local Green Space/recreational area to be incorporated into any proposal for

development at any other Parish site, including the old County Highways Depot, off

Station Road - East

• To safeguard and enhance the habitats and breeding areas of T. cristatus - great

crested-newts*, at either of the proposed development sites on the land triangle

between Royston Road, the A505 and Duxford Road (* specific protected native amphibian species)

• More footpaths linking adjacent villages, or of a circular route that would give

increased access to the countryside

N. 12. 5: There is a total of nine Public Footpaths that criss-cross the Parish, providing walks

and links to other villages. Rules however governing access to arable land are numerous and

access to it, is in most cases, very limited (Ref. EH 12).

11

N. 12. 6: An objective will be to seek further opportunities to increase access to

appropriate areas of the countryside and also seek to establish more footpaths that

create circular walks or links to those in adjacent villages.

A notable example would connect the far end of Mill lane with the (bottom) end of Station

Road - West.

There are many other potential new permissive footpaths, including a circular route. These

could be created but their establishment will depend on sensitive negotiations between the

landowners, Whittlesford Parish Council and neighbouring parish councils.

POLICY N + 2: OPEN AND GREEN SPACES

To increase Local Green Spaces, and where open spaces are already protected by Green

Belt designation: -

• Any proposed new developments should incorporate Local Green Space in the

plans sufficient to give benefits of both recreation and biodiversity

And that any existing open green space: -

• Should not be developed, e.g. Maynards and Newton Road Green Spaces

• Should be protected where protection is currently lacking, but fulfils criteria to

be designated ‘Local Green Space’ and extended where possible

Acknowledgement:

The invaluable provision of maps and other information by Ashley Arbon for this section, is

gratefully acknowledged.

Malcolm Turner – 11th April 2017

References: EH

EH 1: National Planning Policy Framework, (NPPF) March 2012, updated Dec. 2016.

Sections 7 and 9 -12; paras. 56-68 and 79-141 incl.

EH 2: South Cambridgeshire District Council (SCDC) Local Development Plan 2007

EH 3: Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981

EH 4: Perring, F. H. et al – Ray 1660, p 23-26 and 124; A Flora of Cambridgeshire.

Published 1964, digital reprint 2009.

12

EH 4a: Internet, www.whittlesfordsociety.info -Whither Whittlesford, (Journal of the

Whittlesford Society), No. 2006 – summer 2009, pp. 6-8.

EH 5: Agricultural Land Classification: Protecting the best and most versatile agricultural

land (TIN049), January 2009.

EH 5a: Natural England: Regional Agricultural Land Classification Maps: Agricultural Land

Classification map – Eastern Region (ALC008), August 2010. 1: 250,000 series – Enlarged.

EH 6: SCDC Strategic Housing Land Availability Assessment (SHLAA), Call for sites,

August 2013. Sites 009, 179, 210, 271, 278, 285. Pages 2174-2220.

EH 7: Lousley, J. E. – Wild Flowers of Chalk and Limestone: Chapter 1, pp 1-16,

Chapter 7, pp. 94-99. Published 1950, reprinted 1976.

EH 8: Internet; British Geological Survey: Geology of Britain Viewer 1:50,000 scale.

Village Centre Grid Ref. 547289, 248295.

EH 9: South Cambridgeshire District Council (SCDC) Local Development Plan 2014 -

Policies NH/2 to NH/7 (Pending approval).

EH 9a: South Cambridgeshire District Council (SCDC) Local Development Plan 2014 -

Policy NH/11 (Pending approval).

EH 9b: South Cambridgeshire District Council (SCDC) Local Development Plan 2014 -

Policies S/10, NH/9, NH/10 and NH/12 to NH/14 (Pending approval).

EH 10: Natural England: National Character Area profile: 87. East Anglian Chalk.

Statements of Environmental Opportunity, (SEO 1, SEO 2, SEO 3, SEO 4).

EH 10a: Internet, Natural England: East Anglian Chalk - NA 51, Revision 1, p. 9 - 12;

Objectives 4.1, 4.2. Beds./Cambs./Northants. Team, May 1997.

EH 11: Duxford Airfield Conservation Area. Draft Council Policy ref: DCV 0048. 2007.

EH 12: Internet; Natural England/Gov.UK - Part of: Access and Rights of Way.

EH 13: Internet; Formerly ‘King George’s (Playing) Field’, then National Playing Fields

Association and now ‘Fields in Trust’. Purchased 1960. Ref: TL 474483.

EH 14: Internet; http://maps.environment-agency.gov.uk: BETA - Flood map for planning

(scale 1: 20,000); use Whittlesford Post codes CB22 4—.

EH 15: Internet; https://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/england/whittlesford.

EH 16: Internet; Department for Communities and Local Government; Tree preservation

orders and trees in conservation areas; March 2014.

EH 16a: Internet; SCDC, Tree Preservation Orders, Whittlesford location. Individual trees,

groups of trees and areas of trees recorded.

EH 17: Internet; Department for Communities and Local Government: Communities get

power to protect green spaces – Government White Paper; 7 June 2011.

EH 18: Internet; Small Holdings and Allotments Act 1908 and the Allotments Act 1925.

13

EH 19: Internet; Wikipedia – Pingos or hydrolacolliths.

EH 20: Internet; Draft Cambridgeshire Flood and Water - Supplementary Planning

Document; Chapter 6 Surface Water and Sustainable Drainage Systems - September 2015.

EH 21: Internet, www.whittlesfordsociety.info -Whither Whittlesford, (Journal of the

Whittlesford Society), No. 113 - summer 2013, pp 10 and 11.

EH 22: Flora Records: Summarised Records for the Whittlesford Parish from Cambridgeshire

Flora Group Database – Output 10/4/2006; plus some additions 2016.

EH 22a: Internet; www.whittlesfordsociety.info – Images of rare and unusual plants.

EH 23: Internet; www.english-nature.org.uk/citation/citation_photo/1000877.pdf

EH 24: Internet; South Cambs. District Council; Schedule of Conservation Areas, pp 1 and 5.

EH 25: Internet, www.whittlesfordsociety.info -Whither Whittlesford, (Journal of the

Whittlesford Society), Nos. 114, 115, 117.

EH 26: Internet, www.whittlesfordsociety.info -Whither Whittlesford, (Journal of the

Whittlesford Society), No.111 2012, p 9.

EH 27: LOOK (Whittlesford Parish magazine), June 2016. Context key words: Slow-worm,

Cary Boyce, Duxford Road

EH 28: Internet; The Environment Agency’s approach to groundwater protection. March

2017 Version 1.0.

EH 29: Internet; Cambridge Sub Region Water Cycle Strategy. Phase 2 – Detailed Strategy

for Major Growth Areas in and around Cambridge (2011)

EH 30: Internet; www.bats.org.uk. Bat Conservation Trust.

EH 31: UK Biodiversity Action Plan 2007 as updated in UK Post-2010 Biodiversity

Framework. Full 2010 list with annotation showing those species recorded in Whittlesford

attached.

Appendix: EH 1

Table 1 – List of arable crops grown in fields in and around Whittlesford

Autumn sown cereals

Wheat (for grain and thatching straw), Barley, Oats

Spring sown cereals

Wheat, Barley

Oilseed Rape

14

Winter and spring sown

Field Beans

Mainly winter sown

Other field crops (spring sown)

Linseed, Onions, Potatoes, Sugar beet

Pheasant food and cover

Mixtures of maize, millet, quinoa, sunflower, Amaranthus spp. and other seeds.

Table 2: Typical hedge species around Whittlesford

Common Name – Scientific name

Crataegus monogyna - hawthorn; common hedge constituent and winter food for some bird

species

Prunus spinosa - blackthorn, sloe; common hedge constituent

Euonymus europaeus - spindle

Coryllus avallana - hazel

Ulmus procera - English elm; usually as a minor constituent as clumps of small saplings

Clematis vitalba - old man’s beard, traveller’s joy; often found as a climber on other plants

Rosa rugose; an alien planted species, naturalised and originating from China and Japan

Rosa canina - dog rose; in addition to many other species of Rosa, including R. rubiginosa

Fraxinus excelsior - ash; mainly found as single trees.

Acer pseudo- platanus - sycamore; mainly found as single trees

Acer campestre - field maple

Juglans regia – walnut; mainly found as single trees

Quercus robur - pendunculate oak; mostly as single trees.

Hedera helix – ivy; often found climbing on other plants.

Rubus – blackberry; many spp., sub-spp. and hybrid forms of sub-genus Eubatus.

Ligustrum vulgare - privet

Pyrus communis - pear

Malus sylvestris - crab apple

Viburnum lantana - wayfaring tree

Viburnum opulus - guelder rose

Sambucus niger - elder

Cornus sanguinea - dogwood

Prunus padus - bird cherry

Rhamnus carthaticus - buckthorn

Buddleja davidii - butterfly bush; an alien species and garden escape, often found near

habitation. Well used by butterflies as a source of nectar.

Solanum dulcamara – woody nightshade; climber or small rambling bush, usually growing

supported by other plants.

Berberis vulgaris – a rare survivor from Victorian times; along Croat Footpath

15

Table 3: Listed Buildings in Whittlesford

Location and Description Location and Description Location and Description

Grade 1

Parish Church of St Mary and St

Andrew

Church Lane, Whittlesford

Grade 2 (contd.)

Building 147 (First World War

Barracks), North Camp

A505, Cambridge,

Cambridgeshire CB22, UK

Grade 2 (contd.)

Reeds Cottage

11 W End, Whittlesford,

Cambridgeshire

Grade 2*

Chapel of Hospital of St John the

Baptist

Station Rd E, Whittlesford,

Cambridgeshire

Building 46 (Squash Court)

A505, Whittlesford,

Cambridgeshire

Tudor Cottage

W End, Whittlesford,

Cambridgeshire

Rayners Farmhouse

59 N Road, Whittlesford,

Cambridgeshire

Buildings 7, 8, 9 and 13 (Airmen's

Barracks)

A505, Whittlesford,

Cambridgeshire

39, North Road

47 N Road, Whittlesford,

Cambridgeshire

The Guildhall

N Road, Whittlesford,

Cambridgeshire

Building 288 (Sergeants' Mess)

A505, Whittlesford,

Cambridgeshire

41, North Road

47 N Road, Whittlesford,

Cambridgeshire

Grade 2

20, Ledo Road (East Side)

Ledo Road, Whittlesford,

Cambridgeshire

Building 45 (Officers' Mess)

A505, Whittlesford,

Cambridgeshire

43, North Road

47 N Road, Whittlesford,

Cambridgeshire

21, Ledo Road (East Side)

Ledo Road, Whittlesford,

Cambridgeshire

10, West End

52 Maynards, Whittlesford,

Cambridgeshire

45, North Road

47 N Road, Whittlesford,

Cambridgeshire

29, Ledo Road

Ledo Road, Whittlesford,

Cambridgeshire

Barn to South East of Parsonage

Farmyard

W End, Whittlesford,

Cambridgeshire

Bees in the Wall Public House

36 N Road, Whittlesford,

Cambridgeshire

30, Ledo Road

Ledo Road, Whittlesford,

Cambridgeshire

Charity Farmhouse

W End, Whittlesford,

Cambridgeshire

Granary to East of Number 59

(Rayners Farmhouse)

59 N Road, Whittlesford,

Cambridgeshire

31, Ledo Road

Ledo Road, Whittlesford,

Cambridgeshire

Markings Farmhouse

26 W End, Whittlesford,

Cambridgeshire

K6 Telephone Kiosk

N Road, Whittlesford,

Cambridgeshire

Building 103 (Decontamination

Centre)

A505, Whittlesford,

Cambridgeshire

Nuns Cottage

W End, Whittlesford,

Cambridgeshire

The Tickell Arms Public House

North Road, Whittlesford,

Cambridgeshire

Building 11 (Airmen Pilots'

Block)

A505, Whittlesford,

Cambridgeshire

Oak Tree Cottage

W End, Whittlesford,

Cambridgeshire

Whittlesford Grove

27 N Road, Whittlesford,

Cambridgeshire

Scotts

High Street, Whittlesford,

Cambridgeshire

Storeys Cottage

Church Lane, Whittlesford,

Cambridgeshire

16

Unicorn Cottage

Old School Lane, Whittlesford,

Cambridgeshire

4, High Street

High Street, Whittlesford,

Cambridgeshire

Sheads House

High Street, Whittlesford,

Cambridgeshire

Mill House (Hamilton Kerr

Institute) and Mill

Mill Lane, Whittlesford,

Cambridgeshire

6 and 8, High Street

High Street, Whittlesford,

Cambridgeshire

43 and 45, High Street

1 Orchard Terrace, Whittlesford,

Cambridgeshire

The Shrubberies

Duxford Road, Whittlesford,

Cambridgeshire

Barn to South of Scutches

Farmhouse

High Street, Whittlesford,

Cambridgeshire

Chest Tomb to South Aisle Centre

Bay of St Marys and St Andrews

Parish Church

Pump to West of Number 43

1 Orchard Terrace, Whittlesford,

Cambridgeshire

Cromwell Cottage

High Street, Whittlesford,

Cambridgeshire

Lawn Cottage

Church Lane, Whittlesford,

Cambridgeshire

Middlemoor Cottage

Middlemoor Road, Whittlesford,

Cambridgeshire

Red Lion Hotel

Station Road East, Whittlesford,

Cambridgeshire

Table 3a Proposed Priority Heritage Sites

1. The archaeological excavation: Saxon Village site (see N.3.2 background report). Unprotected. Many Saxon artefacts and coins have been discovered here but the full extent of the village remains unclear.

2. The Park: (see N.3.2 background report). Unprotected. Much coinage has been unearthed close to the cemetery end of this field. A full archaeological survey is needed before any development is contemplated in this whole area (also proposed for protection as a Priority Amenity Site (5 below).

3. The wall of the walled garden. The uninterrupted stretch of the 18th century manor’s wall on Church Lane is a commanding feature of Whittlesford, as is the stretch abutting the churchyard. Of considerable historic importance as a reminder of the time when the manor and the church were entirely separate from the centre of the village.

4. The Medieval Market on West End. Unprotected. The village was granted a charter to hold a market by King John. The character of the wide verges at this site and the pond are important to the history of Whittlesford.

5. The church meadow on The Butts. An important setting for the church and a key viewpoint for walkers and cyclists. This is a site where food was distributed to the poor and is adjacent both to the walled garden (see 4 below) and the Saxon Village site (see 1 above).

17

6. The Lawn (protected in the emerging Local Plan as a Local Green Space NH/12). The Lawn is also of considerable historic importance as the lawn of the original manor and a key element of the village landscape.

7. The Roman bath house site north of the existing Scheduled Monument (The existing Scheduled Monument is protected in emerging Local Plan NH/14 on the Thriplow boundary). Already Green Belt. It is likely that large parts of the existing Scheduled Monument have little archaeological significance but finds on the adjacent Roman bath house site demonstrate the importance of this site. Pending full assessment of the total area of the bath house site needs to be protected.

8. Two World War II pill boxes and the remains of a radar station on Whiteland Road. Green Belt. Of historic significance, especially in the context of the role played by Duxford airfield in the Second World War.

9. One World War II pill box on Footpath 2. See 7.

10. The Old School building on Old School Lane. A National School built in 1859 retaining many of its original features, including external doors.

11. The moat around the Moat House. Unprotected. A medieval mote.

12. Maynards factory building and office. Of historic importance as a feature of Whittlesford’s industrial past. Both retain original signage.

Table 3b: Historic Sites

Aristolochia clematitus site

(detailed in 4f below)

The Long Butts The Short Butts

Footpaths 1-9 including The

Baulks on Footpath 1 and the

White Bridge on Footpath2)

The sluice, Hamilton Kerr garden Memorial Trees, North Road

The Pump, Orchard Terrace

(Listed Grade 2)

Broad Pond, Pond House, West

End

The War memorial (Listed Grade

2)

Men’s Institute wall and door,

High Street

Maynard Village Drain, High

Street

Church Room school extension

and Spicer Library

Syngenta site, Hill Farm Road Lantern Cottage, North Road Orient House, High Street

Old Football Field, Whippletree

Road

The Grove (Listed Grade 2) Station Buildings, Whittlesford

Parkway

Stanmore Hall Pit The village sign, North Road The old Fire Station on Duxford

Road *

The former URC schoolroom on

Duxford Road

The original 1921 Memorial Hall

* Should any development be permitted on this site it would be desirable that its name incorporates wording

referring to the fire station.

Tables 4: Areas of importance for rare or unusual fauna and unprotected flora

4a: Park Woods – North Road

18

Scientific name – Common Name

Narcissus pseudo-narcissus – lent lily or wild daffodil

Ruscus aculeatus - butcher’s broom

4b: Croat Footpath – off Vicarage lane

Berberris vulgaris

Erigeron acer – blue fleabane

4c: Spicers Fishing Lake – Shelford Road

Cirsium acaulon - stemless thistle

Erigeron acer – blue fleabane

Inula conyza - ploughmans spikenard

Lithospermum officinale – gromwell

Scirpus maritimus (First record for this area)

Wildlife

Anguilla anguilla – eel

Anser anser - greylag goose

Branta leucopsis - barnacle goose

Egretta garzetta – little egret

Podiceps cristatus - great crested-grebe

Tachybaptus ruficollis – little grebe, dabchick

4d: Arable fields, field margins and grassy banks west of Hill Farm Road

Agrostemma githago - corn cockle

Anagallis arvensis var. cerulaea – scarlet pimpernel (blue form)

Astragalus glycyphyllos – wild licorice (grassy edge of FP 7)

Campanula rapunculoides – creeping bellflower (naturalised)

Campanula rotundifolia – harebell

Centaurea cyanus - corn flower

Chrysanthemum segetum - corn marigold

Erigeron acer – blue fleabane

Malva moschata – musk mallow

Misopates orontium – weasel’s snout

Ophrys apifera - bee orchid

Orobanche elatior - tall broomrape

Papaver hybridum – rough round-headed poppy

Poterium sanguisorba - salad burnet

Primula veris – cowslip

Solanum physalifolium – green nightshade (First record of this alien spp. in S.Cambs.)

4f: Village centre and West End

Aristolochia clematitis – birthwort (Orchard Terrace and Markings Farm front gardens) (Ref. 4)

Lycium barbarum (L. halimifolium. Mill) – (Hedge along West End)

Ophrys apifera - bee orchid (by The Lawn bus shelter and grass verge opposite Beech Tree

Lane)

19

4e: Hoffer Brook

Vinca minor – lesser periwinkle

4g: Woods and roadsides adjacent to Whippletree Road and CountyWildlife site

Allium ursinum – wood garlic

Atropa bella-donna – deadly nightshade

Carex binervis – (only record in this area)

Galanthus nivalis - snowdrop

Ophrys insectiphera – fly orchid (historic site of)

Wildlife

Lutra lutra - otter

Mustela putorius – polecat

Records and some images of these can be found under References EH 22, 22a; Appendix 2,

Fig. 2b and Table 5 below).

20

Table 5: Mosses recorded in Middlemoor

21

Table 6: Botanical survey of ‘The Lawn’, Duxford Road, Whittlesford, Cambridge,

Cambridgeshire. CB22 4ND. Vc29: 3rd April 2017

Grid reference: 547456, 248282

Geology

Solid geology

The vast majority of the area known as ‘The Lawn’ is Zig Zag Chalk Formation, this is the

upper (youngest), stratum formerly known as the Lower Chalk. At the south eastern edge

more or less opposite the URC Church, the contour rises over a narrow outcrop of the

Melbourn Rock which runs in a north easterly direction towards the junction of Mill Lane

and The Lawn. The base of this outcrop may well produce spring water in the centre of the

football pitch in very wet years. The remainder of the grassed area is Holywell Nodular

Chalk; the basal stratum of what was formerly known as the Middle Chalk.

Superficial deposits

River Terrace Deposits, 1-2, Sand and Gravel; could possibly be from deposits formed up to

2 million years ago during the Quaternary Period. More likely however, to have been

deposited by the braided river system from the periglacial period 10,500 years BP. The River

is now more or less a single channel.

Vascular plants

1. Taraxacum officinale agg. Dandelion

2. Lolium perenne Perennial Ryegrass

3. Geranium molle Dove’sfoot Crane’sbill

4. Plantago lanceolata Ribwort Plantain

5. Geranium pusillum Small Flowered Crane’sbill

6. Ranunculus repens Creeping Buttercup

7. Ranunculus verna ssp fertilis Lesser Celendine

8. Glechoma hederacea Ground Ivy

9. Dactylis glomerata Cock’sfoot Grass

10. Achillea millifolium Yarrow

11. Lamium purpureum Red Dead Nettle

12. Arum maculatum Cuckoo Pint

13. Agrostis stolonifera Creeping Bent Grass

14. Veronica hederacea Ivy Leaved Speedwell

15. Poa trivialis Rough Meadow Grass

16. Eranthis hyemalis Winter Aconite

17. Alcea rosea Garden Hollyhock

18. Stellaria media Common Chickweed

19. Poa annua Annual Meadow Grass

20. Hedera helix Ivy

21. Geum urbanum Herb Benet

22. Arrenatherum elatius False Oat Grass

23. Rumex obtusifolius Broad Leaved Dock

24. Anthriscus sylvestris Cow Parsley

25. Sambuccus nigra Elder

26. Urtica dioica Common Stinging Nettle

22

27. Veronica chamaedrys Germander Speedwell

28. Narcissus sp Hybrid Daffodil

29. Galanthus nivialis Snowdrop

30. Anisantha sterilis Sterile Brome

31. Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog Grass

32. Trifolium repens White Clover

33. Malva sylvestris Common Mallow

34. Lycium barbarum Duke of Argyll’s Tea Plant

35. Ballota nigra Black Horehound

36. Chelidonium majalis Greater Celendine

37. Galium aparine Common Cleavers

38. Veronica persica Common Field Speedwell

39. Bellis perennis Daisy

40. Symphytum uplandicum Russian Comfrey

41. Lapsana communis Nipplewort

42. Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle

43. Plantago major Greater Plantain

44. Capsella bursa-pastoris Shepherd’s Purse

45. Prunus spinosa Blackthorn

46. Lonicera pileata Box-leaved Honeysuckle

47. Syringa vulgaris Lilac

48. Symphoricarpus albus Snowberry

49. Alliaria petiolata Garlic Mustard

50. Verbascum thapsus Great Mullein

51. Arabidopsis thaliana Thale Cress

52. Matricaria discoidea Pineapple Weed

53. Prunella vulgaris Common Self Heal

54. Veronica serpyllifolia Thyme Leaved Speedwell

55. Cerastium fontanum Common Mouse ear

56. Crateagus monogyna Common Hawthorn seedling

57. Leontodon autumnalis Autumn Hawkbit

58. Viola oderata Sweet Violet

59. Sisymbrium officinale Hedge Mustard

60. Lamium album White Dead Nettle

61. Elytrigia repens Couch Grass

62. Bromus ramosus Great Hairy Brome

63. Ophrys apifera Bee Orchid 16 plants

64. Festuca rubra sensu lato Red Fescue Grass

65. Erophila verna Common Whitlowgrass

66. Lotus coniculatus Bird’sfoot Trefoil

67. Cardamine hirsutum Hairy Bittercress

68. Crepis capillaris Smooth Hawk’sbeard

69. Oxalis articulate Pink Wood Sorrell

70. Senecio jacobea Common Ragwort

71. Sagina apetala Annual Pearlwort

72. Allium vineale Crow Garlic

73. Plantago media Hoary Plantain

74. Luzula campestre Common Field Woodrush

75. Chaerophyllum temulum Rough Chervil

76. Arctium minus agg. Lesser Burdock

23

77. Polygonum aviculare agg Knotgrass

78. Sagina procumbens Procumbent Pearlwort

Bryophytes

79. Hypnum cupressiforme

80. Bryum capillare

81. Bryum argenteum

82. Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus

83. Homalothecium sericeum

84. Amblystegium serpens

85. Rhycostegium confertum

86. Grimmia pulvinata

87. Calliergonella cuspidata

88. Brachythecium rutabulum

89. Syntricia ruralis/intermedia

90. Kindbergia praelonga

91. Tortula muralis

Table 7: Provisional list of possible species that could be recorded in the areas of

Whittlesford proposed as part of the Whittlesford Nature Network

Entries in red are Section 41 species named in the Natural Environment and Rural

Communities (NERC) Act. These species are those that were identified as being the

most threatened and requiring conservation action under the UK Biodiversity Action

Plan (UK BAP).

Molluscs

1. Helix pomatia Roman Snail previously recorded from Bar Lane Cottages and

further along Newton Road

Arthropoda

1. Subphylum Celicerta

Class Arachnida

Order Arenae Spiders

2. Subphylum Myriapoda

Class Chilopoda Centipedes

Class Diplopoda Millipedes

24

3. Subphylum Crustacea

Class Malacostraca

Order Decapoda Crayfish, Shrimps etc.

1. Austropotamobius pallipes White Clawed Crayfish not recorded but some

ditches and the awarded watercourse have a reasonable flow rate

4. Subphylum Hexapoda

Insecta-Insects

1. Coenonympha pamphilus Small Heath Butterfly

2. Satyrium w-album White Letter Hairstreak Butterfly

3. Pararge aegeria Speckled Wood Butterfly

4. Polygonia c-album Comma Butterfly

All the above recorded from this area

*Limentis camilla White Admiral has been sighted nearby

Whilst the flora of this general area has been recorded to a reasonable level there are

great tracts of land to the north and west of Whittlesford that have had no surveys for

invertebrates. Only the Moth nights Millennium Wood and Church Meadow, Moat

House, (Ashley Arbon, Dr Louise Bacon and Dr Vince Lea) have been undertaken.

Fish

1. Lampetra planeri Brook Lamprey

2. Anguilla anguilla Eel

3. Salmo trutta Brown Trout

4. Cottus gobio Bullhead

5. Leuciscus cephalus Chub

*Cobitis taenia Spined Loach historically recorded from Square 34 and 45 and

Great Ouse system; lots of areas not surveyed for this species.

Amphibians

1. Bufo bufo Common Toad

2. Rana temporaria Common Frog

3. Triturus cristatus Great Crested Newt

4. Lissotriton vulgaris Smooth Newt

Reptiles

25

1. Zootoca vivipara Common Lizard

2. Anguis fragilis Slow Worm

3. Natrix natrix ssp helvetica Grass Snake

Birds

1. Cygnus olor Mute Swan

2. Tyto alba Barn Owl Schedule 1

3. Acrocephalus schoenobaenus Sedge Warbler

4. Cuculus canorus Cuckoo

5. Alcedo atthis Kingfisher

6. Phylloscopus trochilus Willow Warbler

7. Perdix perdix Grey Partridge

8. Dendrocopos minor Lesser Spotted Woodpecker

9. Lesser Redpoll Carduelis cabaret

10. Common Linnet Carduelis cannabina

11. Emberiza calandra Corn Bunting

12. Emberiza citronella Yellowhammer

13. Motacilla flava Yellow Wagtail

14. Musicapa striata Spotted Flycatcher

15. Prunella modularis Dunnock

16. Streptopelia turturi Turtle Dove

*Turdus torquatus Ring Ouzel has been recorded in Whittlesford

Mammals

1. Arvicola amphibius Water Vole

2. Lutra lutra Otter

3. Mustela putorius Polecat

4. Micromys minutus Harvest Mouse

5. Lepus europaeus Brown Hare

6. Erinaceus europaeus Hedgehog

7. Barbastella barbastellus Barbestelle Bat

8. Nyctalus noctula Noctule Bat

9. Myotis daubentonii Daubenton’s Bat

10. Pipistellus pygmaeus Soprano Pipistrelle

11. Plecotus auritus Brown Long Eared Bat

*Muscardinus avellanarius Dormouse Hazel in Lower Park Wood a possible

habitat if this species were to be introduced

Plants

4. Ulmus species mostly U. minor, Smooth Leaved Elm and U. glabra, Wych Elm

park wood

5. Fen and marsh plants large diches especially near King’s Meadow lake

6. Carex binervis Green Ribbed Sedge

26

7. Populus nigra ssp betulifolia Black Poplar

Populus nigra subsp. betulifolia (Pursh) W.Wettst. North-west Europe

(France, Great Britain, Ireland). Leaf veins and shoots finely downy; bark grey-

brown, thick and furrowed, often with heavy burrs, trunk usually heavily

leaning. The subspecies betulifolia is one of the rarest trees in Great

Britain and Ireland, with only about 7,000 trees known, of which only about 600

have been confirmed as female; less than 9%.

8. Dactylorhiza praetemissa Southern Marsh Orchid

9. Dactylorhiza fuchsia Common Spotted Orchid

10. Bulboschoenus maritimus Sea Club Rush

*Blysmus compressus Flat Sedge possible in grazed wet grassland

Table 7a): The Great Crested Newt

The Great Crested Newt is a Whittlesford favourite. It is protected under the Conservation

of Habitat and Species Regulations 2010 and is a schedule 5 species in the Wildlife and

Countryside Act 1981, Section 9, as amended and a UK Biodiversity Action Plan species

2007.

The act states that it is an offence if any person intentionally kills, injures or takes any wild

animal included in Schedule 5, or intentionally or recklessly:

• obstructs access to any structure or place which any such animal uses for shelter or protection.

• disturbs any such animal while it is occupying a structure or place which it uses for shelter or protection; or

• obstructs access to any structure or place which any such animal uses for shelter or protection.

The adults of the species enter their breeding ponds in early spring and remain there until

late summer. They become terrestrial animals from late summer until the first frost and

then hibernate, again on land. The terrestrial foraging and hibernation sites can be up to

500 metres away from their breeding pond. The larvae, once developed sufficiently,

become pulmonary breathers, leave their ponds in early autumn and become terrestrial

animals until they are mature enough to breed. This is mostly in their third calendar year.

While the roaming range can be up to 500 metres from the pond it is considered that a

radius of 175 metres as described will be sufficient to satisfy the provisions of the act.

Breeding Ponds:

Known Whittlesford breeding ponds in 2017 (see also Figures 5 and 6 of Background Report

for map):

a) Broad Pond, Pond House, West End, GR: 546886,247931

b) Temporary pond, Markings Farm, at rear of 42 West End, GR: 546809,247971

c) The Grove garden pond, North Road, GR: 547039,248376

27

d) The Grove pingo pond, North Road, GR: 546932,248428

e) Park House pond, North Road, GR: 546997,248486

f) Manor pond, North Road, GR: 546848,248471

g) Manor moat, North Road, GR: 546786,248492 temporary water body (Scheduled Monument)

h) Moat House moat, Church Lane, GR: 547507,248614 temporary water body

i) Rayner’s Farm pond, North Road, GR: 546511,248564

j) Rosemount garden pond, High Street, GR: 547224,248045

k) Scutches Farm pond, High Street, GR: 547247,248115

l) Large pond, 30 Royston Road, GR: 547749,247212

m) Small pond, 30 Royston Road, GR: 547732,247257

n) New Farm pond, Newton Road, GR: 544751,248824

Policy EH 5 includes any other area where newts are thought to breed.

Table 8: Newton Road site ecology

The site where the affordable houses were built on Newton Road had Triturus cristatus,

Crested Newts which breed in Rayner's Farm pond then disperse to their autumn

terrestrial foraging grounds which can be up to 500 metres from their breeding pond.

Newton Road sit is only 130 metres away and single carriageway country roads are no

obstacle; they cross them at night. After the first air frost in late autumn they hibernate

mostly within their autumn foraging area. Other species recorded there were Helix

pomatia, Roman Snail another Schedule 5 species under W+C Act 1981. In addition,

this area of woodland was Whittlesford's only self-rejuvenating Elm Wood with

Satyrium w-album, White Letter Hairstreak butterfly NERC 41 sp. fly in the top canopy

of Elm trees. Also Cosmia diffinis, White Spot Pinion moth; rare and larvae feed on

epicormic Elm shoots.

Table 9: Priority Nature Sites:

1. The Millennium Wood (see N.3.2 and N.12.3 background report)

2. Earls Hook (see N.3.2 background report)

3. Chalkland grassy areas (see N.6.3 background report)

4. Woodland and grassland between Middle Moor and Whippletree Road including the

County Wildlife Site and Moor Plantation together with the tree belt to the northeast of

Whippletree Road to the Little Shelford boundary including Spicer’s Lake, Saffron Walden

fishing lake and their surroundings. The area is depicted on the attached map.

28

5. Thriplow Hummocky Fields SSSI. This is currently protected exclusively for Lythrum

hyssopifolia. There are other rare plants in this SSSI including Plantago major subspecies

intermedia and members of the Riccia genus of the Marchantiophyta liverworts.

6. Thriplow Peat Holes SSSI

7. Chalk Pit, Stanmoor Hall

8. The Lawn (protected in the emerging Local Plan as a Local Green Space NH/12)

Table 10: Generic Priority Nature Sites:

a) The river Granta, all main watercourses and tributaries.

b) Hoffer Brook

c) All open ditches within the Parish. Whittlesford has a large network of open ditches,

particularly in the northern part. These provide very good ecological connectivity

throughout this extensive network.

d) All linear belts containing native trees and hedges over 25 metres long.

e) All woodlands as quoted in South Cambridgeshire District Council schedules.

f) All wooded areas over 0.05 hectares not currently scheduled by South

Cambridgeshire District

g) All grassland areas over 0.01 hectares as identified on map XXXX.

Appendix: EH 2: Supplementary Maps and Information

29

Fig.1: Newton Road SSSI, Tussocky fields - Lythrum hyssopifolium site

Fig. 2: Thriplow Peat Holes SSSI, location of Ancient Monuments in Whittlesford and

Listed buildings in the Village centre

30

Fig. 2a: Detail of Scheduled Ancient Monument – Moated area; North Road

Fig. 2b: County Wildlife Site on Whippletree Road

31

Fig. 3: Listed Buildings on North Site Conservation Area of IWM, Duxford

Fig. 4: Scheduled Monument: Duxford Chapel

32

Fig.5: Triturus cristatus - great crested-newt breeding ponds - Village

33

Fig. 6: T. cristatus - great crested-newt breeding ponds – A505 area

34

Fig. 7: Agricultural Land Classification for the Eastern Region

35

Fig. 7a: Agricultural Land Classification for Whittlesford

Figs. 8: Flood Zone Maps

Fig. 8a: Stanmoor Hall and north Newton Road

36

Fig, 8b: Little Nine Wells area

Fig. 8c: IWM North Site and Duxford Camp

37

Fig. 8d: Newton Parish Boundary

Fig. 8e: Shelford and Newton Roads

38

Fig. 8f: Newton Road and Middlemoor

Fig. 8g: North Road Flood Zone map required

Fig. 8h: Central Village,

39

Fig. 8i: Duxford Road and Whittlesford Parkway Station

Fig. 8j: Whippletree and Hill Farm Roads

40

Fig 9

: Map showing major landholdings within Whittlesford parish - to be used in conjunction

with Legend (below) (map slightly incomplete at present)

Legend to map: List of land holders from Fig 9 above

Arb – Arbon Estates MA- E – Mike Arnold Estate AK – Adam Knight MAY- E – Maynard Estates AW – Albanwise MB – Michael Butler BA – Bruce Arnold MD –Mark Deller (ex CCC) BW – Bob Warner NS - Nicholas Swallow Trust CC – Cambs. County Council RM – Richard Molton Church – Parish Church SWA – Saffron Walden Angling Club CB – Corinne Brown SW – Sarah Williamson

EX- SP – Ex Spicers TE – Tickell Estate HKI – Hamilton Kerr Institute TF – Turner Family GC – Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge TR – Tessa Reeve HB – Hugh Byrne TS – Ted Smart HE – Highway England VPE – Vic Pedley Estates

JJ - John Jennings WPC – Whittlesford Parish Council

LA – XXXXXX

41

Fig. 10: LIDAR Map of Baulk Footpath and Saxon Village Area

42

Fig. 10a: LIDAR Map: Saxon Village area, enclosed by the circular shape within the

rectangle; centre/top of image.

Fig 10b Saxon Village area

43

Appendix E3: Images of Parish landscapes and views to be protected

1 Church Meadow - view from Church Lane

2 View to the parish church from footpath 1

3a Arable Field (The Park) - view towards the parish church from North Road

3b Arable Field (The Park) - view from footpath 1 to Sawston looking towards North Road

44

4a Meadows either side of footpath 2 Mill Road to Sawston - view towards the river

4b Meadows either side of footpath 2 - view from the railway crossing towards the Mill

5 Wooded Whippletree Road and

6 Treed entrance to the Village between the Baulks footpath and Radegunds view from North Road

45

7a The setting of the Millennium Wood – view from opposite Rayners Farm North Road

7b The setting of Millennium Wood with Rayners Farm – view from the Croat footpath

8 Markings Farm Meadow – view from West End towards the woodland and Millenium Wood.

46

9 Duxford Road - view eastwards towards Wandlebury. Note views are limited by high roadside

hedges

10a Duxford Road - view to the IWM Duxford and the hills around Heydon. Note views are limited by

high roadside hedges

10b Looking across from Royston Road towards the IWM and the hills around Heydon