Whitney Strickland · Web viewA rock is falling off a cliff. Which is a correct statement about the kinetic energy and the potential energy of the rock as it is falling? Both types

Physical Science Midterm Class Set: DO NOT WRITE ON!

1. In a roller coaster, as kinetic energy increases (going down a hill), potential energy _________________.

A. IncreasesB. Stays the sameC. DecreasesD. Changes direction

2. As the motion of the particles in a substance increases, what happens to the thermal energy?A. It increasesB. It decreasesC. They are not relatedD. It stays the same

3. What always happens when an energy transformation occurs? A. Energy is created. B. Energy is destroyed. C. The total amount of energy remains the same. D. One form of energy changes into more than one other form of energy.

4. Gasoline is used to power a lawnmower. What type of energy transformation takes place when the lawnmower is used?

A. light energy to thermal energy B. thermal energy to electrical energy C. chemical energy to kinetic energy D. kinetic energy to light energy

5. A rock is falling off a cliff. Which is a correct statement about the kinetic energy and the potential energy of the rock as it is falling?

A. Both types of energy depend on the speed of the rock, but only the kinetic energy depends on the mass of the rock

B. Both types of energy depend on the mass of the rock, but only the kinetic energy depends on the speed of the rock.

C. Both types of energy depend on the speed of the rock, but only the potential energy depends on the mass of the rock.

D. Both types of energy depend on the mass of the rock, but only the potential energy depends on the speed of the rock.

6. There are various types of waves, including light waves, sound waves, and radio waves. What do all waves have in common? A. They travel through a medium. B. They travel at the same speed. C. They carry energy away from its source. D. They can carry matter.


7. Which of the graphs above shows a constant velocity? A. Graph A B. Graph B C. Graph C D. Graph D

8. How can simple machines make work easier?A. They allow the force to be applied over a greater distance.B. They eliminate the need for any input force.C. They increase the amount of work done.D. They decrease the amount of work a person must do.

9. What is the amplitude of a sound wave related to?A. PitchB. Wave speedC. LoudnessD. Wavelength

10. Four important properties of waves are their frequency, their wavelength, their amplitude, and their energy. Which statement correctly describes two waves shown in the diagram?

A. Wave A has less energy because its frequency is higher.

B. Wave B has a longer wavelength and lower frequency.

C. The amplitude of Wave A is higher than Wave B.D. The energy depends on frequency, which is not

shown on the diagram.


11. A force is required to pull a 20-kg box across a carpeted floor. What is typically true about the force required to pull the box across the ice at a rink?

A. More force will be needed to move the box across the carpet than will be needed to move the same box across the ice.

B. Less force will be needed to move the box across the carpet than will be needed to move the same box across the ice.

C. The same amount of force will be needed in both situationsD. None of the above

12. Pauline needs to measure the kinetic friction of a brick. How should she go about doing this?

A. Attach the brick to a string and then to a spring scale and read the force needed to quickly lift the brick off the ground

B. Drag the brick by a string attached to a spring scale so that it gradually speeds upC. Drag the brick by a string attached to a spring scale along the surface of a table at a

constant speed and read the forceD. Hang the brick from a string attached to a spring scale and read the force

13. Which of the following could be used to convert light energy to electrical energy?A. A windmillB. A batteryC. A solar panelD. A rotating coils in a magnetic field

14. You want to see if a bouncy ball will bounce higher on carpet or the classroom floor. In your first trial, you drop the ball from 4 feet onto the classroom floor. Then you drop the ball from 2 feet onto the carpet. In the second trial, you throw the bouncy ball onto the carpet, but then let it drop softly onto the classroom floor. What’s wrong with your experiment?

A. Nothing is wrong, this is a good experiment.B. This is a bad experimental procedure because you didn’t use multiple bouncy balls.C. This is a bad experiment because you changed too many variables.D. This is a bad experiment because you didn’t change the temperature.

15. An inclined plane is used to move a heavy box from the ground into the bed of a truck.If 100 N of force is required to move the load up the ramp, how much work is done? Disregard any force of friction.

A. 200 JB. 300 JC. 400 JD. 500 J


16. Looking at the masses of the answer choices below, which pair would have the strongest gravitational force? The objects in each pair are the same distance apart.

A. 1 kilogram and 1 kilogramB. 1 kilogram and 2 kilogramsC. 2 kilograms and 3 kilogramD. 2 kilograms and 2 kilograms

17. If the work output of a machine is always less than the work input, where does the missing work go?

A. It is used to get the machine started.B. It is used to overcome the friction created by the machine.C. It is used to keep the machine running.D. There is not enough power present.

18. Two students do the same amount of work moving identical stacks of text books across the room. If one student moves a stack of textbooks from one side of the room to the other three times faster than a second student, which of the following has tripled?

A. Work InputB. Work OutputC. PowerD. Mechanical Efficiency

19. A car under constant force whose acceleration increases as its mass decreases is best described by…

A. Newton’s fist law of motion for objects at rest.B. Newton’s first law of motion for objects in motion.C. Newton’s second law of motion.D. Newton’s third law of motion.

20. What happens to the frequency of a wave as the wavelength INCREASES?A. The frequency stays the sameB. The frequency increasesC. The frequency decreasesD. This wave has no frequency

21. Which of the following energy transformations would represent photosynthesis?A. Chemical energy Radiant (light) energyB. Radiant (light) energy Chemical energyC. Mechanical energy Chemical energyD. Thermal energy Radiant (light) energy


22. A teacher put one test tube of 50°C liquid and one test tube of 10°C liquid into a 20°C water bath, as shown in the diagram below.

Which of the following diagrams best represents the directions that heat will move when the test tubes are placed into the water bath? a.

b.

c.

d.

23. A car is sitting in sunlight all day. What type of heat transfer caused the car to heat up?A. ConvectionB. ConductionC. RadiationD. Electrical energy transfer


24. Which statement correctly compares the difference between conduction and convection? A. Conduction can only occur in solids, while convection can occur in both liquids and

gases. B. Convection can only occur in solids, while conduction can occur in both liquids and

gases. C. Conduction can only occur in liquids and gases, while convection can occur in solids,

liquids, and gases. D. Convection can only occur in liquids and gases, while conduction can occur in solids,

liquids, and gases.

25. The force of gravity on Mars is half the gravity on Earth. The mass of an object on Earth is 70 kg. What is true about the mass and weight of that object on Mars?

A. The mass increases, but the weight stays the same.B. The mass decreases, but the weight stays the same. C. The weight increases, but the mass stays the same.D. The weight decreases, but the mass stays the same.

26. Which law is illustrated when a rocket’s engines push off the ground and the ground pushes back on the rocket making it take flight?

A. 1st LawB. 2nd LawC. 3rd Law

27. Which statement describes how the majority of the energy received by Earth is transmitted by the Sun?

A. Heated atoms emitted by the Sun move through space.B. Electromagnetic waves carry energy from the Sun in space through radiation.C. Heat energy from the Sun creates convection currents through space.D. Vibrating atoms in the Sun transfer heat energy to neighboring atoms in space through

conduction.

28. Predict what will happen to the motion of the car immediately after the chute opens.A. The car will accelerate.B. The car will go to the left. C. The car will stop moving.D. The car will continue moving to the

right but at a slower speed.


29. Which energy transformation takes place when a match is struck against the side of a matchbox and bursts into flames?

A. Electrical energy → light energy & nuclearB. Heat energy → kinetic energy & thermalC. Chemical energy → heat energy & radiantD. Potential energy → electrical energy & heat

30. Mechanical waves must travel through a medium. In contrast, electromagnetic waves can travel through empty space. Which is a mechanical wave?

A. Sound wavesB. Radio wavesC. MicrowavesD. Light waves

31. Potential energy increases as ____________________________ increases. PE=WHA. ForceB. HeightC. LengthD. Kinetic Energy

32. What material is the best conductor of thermal energy?A. Glass B. Aluminum foilC. WoolD. Styrofoam

33. What energy transformation is shown in the illustration of the girl with the headphones?A. Sound energy → chemical energy → electrical energyB. Chemical energy → electrical energy → sound energyC. Electrical energy → sound energy → chemical energyD. Chemical energy → sound energy → electrical energy

34. The picture shows how moving water at a hydroelectric plant is used to spin a turbine for the production of electricity. What is the overall energy transformation that occurs in this process?

A. Thermal energy to light energyB. Kinetic energy to nuclear energyC. Mechanical energy to electrical energyD. Thermal energy to potential energy


35. A student makes an electrical circuit which includes a battery, wires, and a small fan. What type of energy transformation occurs when the battery is connected to the circuit?

A. Chemical → electrical → kineticB. Electrical → light → chemicalC. Chemical → kinetic → electricalD. Electrical → chemical → kinetic

36. When a log on a campfire burns, energy stored in the log is released as light and heat. What type of energy transformations occur?

A. Mechanical energy to thermal energy and electrical energyB. Thermal energy to radiant energy and chemical energyC. Chemical energy to radiant energy and thermal energyD. Light energy to chemical energy and mechanical energy

37. When Alex looked out of the window and saw that the grass is wet, he said, “it must have rained last night!” This is an example of a(n)

A. LawB. HypothesisC. ObservationD. Inference

38. Katie wants to learn how various amounts of sunlight affect plants. Which of the following variables is the independent variable?

A. The type of plantB. The amount of lightC. The volume of waterD. The quantity of nutrients

39. Tornadoes form because of warm air rising rapidly and cool air sinking rapidly. Tornadoes are an example of

A. Radiation.B. Conduction.C. Insulation.D. Convection.


MATCHING40-43. Match the parts of the diagram with the correct term.

40. What type of wave is this?A. LongitudinalB. CompressionC. TransverseD. Surface

41. Which letter on the diagram represents the wavelength?

42. Which letter on the diagram represents the trough? 43. Which letter on the diagram represents the crest?

44. Which statement best describes how energy stored in the battery is transformed before lighting the bulb.

A. The battery provides chemical energy which changes to potential energy in the wire.B. The battery provides chemical energy which changes to electrical energy in the wire.C. The battery provides electrical energy which changes to light energy in the wire.D. The battery provides electrical energy which changes to chemical energy in the wire.

MATCHING 45-48. Match the Letter in the Diagram with the correct term.


45. What type of wave is this?

A. LongitudinalB. TransverseC. SeismicD. Surface

46. Which letter represents the Wavelength?

47. Which letter represents a compression?

48. Which letter represents a rarefaction?

49. The mechanical energy of a coconut falling from a tree ____.A. Does NOT existB. IncreasesC. DecreasesD. Remains constant

50. What type of energy transformation occurs as an acoustic guitar player’s hand plucks the nylon strings of a guitar?

A. Thermal energy → chemical energy → sound energyB. Electrical energy → thermal energy → sound energyC. Mechanical energy → nuclear energy → sound energyD. Chemical energy → mechanical energy → sound energy

51. Wind and ocean currents are formed by ______________.A. RadiationB. ConvectionC. ConductionD. Condensation

52. A material that reduces the flow of heat by conduction, convection, and radiation is a(n) ____________________.

A. Conductor


B. InsulatorC. Solar CollectorD. Radiator

53. In room A, how will the heat from the pot move to its handle?A. ConvectionB. RadiationC. ConductionD. Both A and B

54. In which room should you place the fire to heat most of the house? (Hint: Think about what warm air does in a house and what cold air does!)

A. It does not matter which room you put it inB. Room BC. Room CD. Room D

55. In room C, thermal energy is transferred to the people by _______________.A. ConvectionB. ConductionC. RadiationD. Both A & C

56. Select the four that are forms of kinetic energy: A. Mechanical, Chemical, Radiant & ThermalB. Nuclear, Sound, Radiant & Thermal


C. Sound, Electrical, Radiant & ThermalD. Chemical, Nuclear, Radiant & Thermal

57. As the distance between two objects increases, the force of gravity between themA. DecreasesB. Increases only slightlyC. Does not changeD. Increases greatly

58. Which of the following is NOT an example of a balanced force?A. An evenly matched tug of war gameB. A child running down a zigzag pathC. A car traveling at a constant speed on a highwayD. A book resting on a table

59. Which of the following explains the difference between velocity and speed?

A. One has motion, and the other does not. B. One has direction, and the other does not.C. One involves time, and the other does not.D. One involves acceleration, and the other does not.

60. Which does not represent a change in velocity?

A. A person is skateboarding at 4 m/s and decreases her speed to 3 m/s. B. A car is traveling west at 2 m/s and then turns a corner.C. A jet is flying south at 500 km/h.D. A ball is tossed up into the air at 1 m/s and then starts falling to the ground.

61. If a golf ball and a ping pong ball are dropped from the same height at the same time, which ball will hit the ground first?

A. The golf ballB. The balls land at the same timeC. The ping pong ballD. The ball with the larger mass

62. A falling object’s terminal velocity is reached when the force of gravity…

A. is greater than the force of air resistance.B. is less than the force of air resistance.C. is equal to the force of air resistance.D. is the only force acting on the object.

63. Which situation does the force diagram to the right best represent?

A. An object in freefallB. An object suspended by a rope


C. An object being pushed to the right along the floorD. An object being pushed to the left along the floor

64. What is the net force on a crate if two movers apply 85.0 N and 52.5 N force in the same direction, and a frictional force of 45.5 N acts on the object?

A. 13.0 NB. 78.5 NC. 92.0 ND. 183.0 N

65. What speed was the runner running if he ran the 100 meter dash in 25 seconds? Speed = distance/time

A. 4 m/sB. 2500 m/sC. 0.4 m/sD. 250 m/s

66. How far did the car travel if it was going 50 miles/hour in 4 hours? Speed = distance/time

A. 6 milesB. 12.5 milesC. 200 milesD. 225 miles

67. On Earth, an astronaut has a mass of 70 kg. When the astronaut goes into outer space, she…

A. will have a mass of 70 kg, but her weight will decrease.B. will have less mass and weight.C. will have a mass of 70 kg, and have a weight of 70 kg.D. will have less mass and a weight of 70 kg.

68. In which situation is a person doing work on an object?A. A police officer raises a stop sign that weighs 10NB. A student walks forward while wearing a backpack that weighs 15N


C. A man exerts 350 N force on a rope attached to a house (does not move)D. A worker holds a box 1m off the floor

69. If a barbell weighs 160 N, what other information do you need to calculate how much work it takes to lift it? W = force •distance

A. The shape of the weightsB. How high the barbell is being liftedC. The strength of the person doing the liftingD. The amount of output force

70. When will all the kinetic energy of a juggler’s pin be turned into potential energy?

A. At the highest pointB. While it is moving upwardsC. While it is fallingD. Just after the juggler throws it into the air

71. Which of the following best represents Newton’s Law that says for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction?

A. A swimmer using their arms and legs to propel forward.B. Having to use more force to push a cart with a body builder in it.C. A book sitting on a table.D. A stack of 50 books accelerates less than a stack of 20 books pushed with the same

force.72. Looking at the graph below, which answer correctly describes the motion of John?

A. John left his house and walked to the store at a speed of 5m/s.

B. John returned home after going to the store at a speed of 5m/s.

C. John was walking home and then began running at an acceleration of 5m/s/s.

D. John was at home watching TV on his couch.

Remember King Henry Died Basically Drinking Chocolate Milk

73. Convert 5 hectograms to decigrams


A. 50 dgB. 500 dgC. 5,000 dgD. 50,000 dg

74. Convert 103 grams to kilogramsA. 0.103 kgB. 1.03 kgC. 10.3 kgD. 103,000kg

75. Convert 0.15 Kilometers to centimetersA. 1,500 cmB. 150 cmC. 0.0000015 cmD. 15,000 cm

Documents

Whitney Strickland · Web viewA rock is falling off a cliff. Which is a correct statement about the kinetic energy and the potential energy of the rock as it is falling? Both types