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White White Umbelliferous Umbelliferous Plants Plants - - How To Identify & Control How To Identify & Control Courtney LeClair Courtney LeClair Wisconsin Wisconsin DNR DNR Bureau of Endangered Resources Bureau of Endangered Resources Early Detection Invasive Plant Coordinator Early Detection Invasive Plant Coordinator [email protected] [email protected] 608 608 - - 267 267 - - 7438 7438

White Umbelliferous Umbelliferous Plants - How To Identify & Control

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Page 1: White Umbelliferous Umbelliferous Plants - How To Identify & Control

White White UmbelliferousUmbelliferous Plants Plants -- How To Identify & ControlHow To Identify & Control

Courtney LeClairCourtney LeClairWisconsin Wisconsin DNRDNR –– Bureau of Endangered ResourcesBureau of Endangered Resources

Early Detection Invasive Plant CoordinatorEarly Detection Invasive Plant [email protected]@wisconsin.gov

608608--267267--74387438

Page 2: White Umbelliferous Umbelliferous Plants - How To Identify & Control

Overview:Overview:•• We will go over distinctive We will go over distinctive

characteristics for six characteristics for six umbelliferousumbelliferous plant speciesplant species

•• We will talk about where and how We will talk about where and how they invadethey invade

•• What are the threats they pose?What are the threats they pose?

•• Native lookNative look--alike species will also alike species will also be addressedbe addressed

Page 3: White Umbelliferous Umbelliferous Plants - How To Identify & Control

Queen Anne’s-lace (Daucus carota)

Chris Evans, River to River CWMA, Bugwood.org

Chris Evans, River to River CWMA, Bugwood.org

Courtney LeClair, WI DNRCourtney LeClair, WI DNR

Page 4: White Umbelliferous Umbelliferous Plants - How To Identify & Control

Queen AnneQueen Anne’’ss--lace lace CharacteristicsCharacteristics

Biennial; 2-4’ tall

Stems are densely hairy, hollow, grooved

Umbels are 3-5” wide; generally dark flower in the center

Leaf-like bracts under primary umbel; Blooms July - October

Alternate leaves that are larger towards the base of the plant; carrot odor

Seeds are covered with small hooks to attach to hair, fur, clothing, etc.

Disturbed grasslands, fields, meadows

Page 5: White Umbelliferous Umbelliferous Plants - How To Identify & Control

How to control Queen AnneHow to control Queen Anne’’ss--lacelace

Hand pull plants or use a sharp shovel to cut Hand pull plants or use a sharp shovel to cut taproot 2taproot 2--33”” below soil surface. Bag and dispose below soil surface. Bag and dispose of plantsof plantsCut and bag flower heads before seed setCut and bag flower heads before seed set–– Mowing will also work before seed set Mowing will also work before seed set –– monitor for monitor for

regrowthregrowth

Controlled burns in fire adapted communitiesControlled burns in fire adapted communitiesFoliar spray with Foliar spray with glyphosateglyphosate, , metsulfuronmetsulfuron, or , or triclopyrtriclopyr–– Always follow label rates and recommendations Always follow label rates and recommendations

Page 6: White Umbelliferous Umbelliferous Plants - How To Identify & Control

HedgeparsleyHedgeparsley ((TorilisTorilis japonica; japonica; T.arvensisT.arvensis))

Dan Tenaglia, Missouriplants.com, Bugwood.org

WI DNRCourtney LeClair, WI DNR

WI DNRT.

arv

ensi

s

T. ja

poni

ca

T. japonica

Bracts

Page 7: White Umbelliferous Umbelliferous Plants - How To Identify & Control

HedgeparsleyHedgeparsley CharacteristicsCharacteristics

Biennial that can also act like an annual; 2-3’ tall

Freely branching form

Stems and leaves have short hairs present

Flowers bloom for about 2 weeks

Small umbels; alternate leaves

Taproot

Seeds are covered with velcro-like hairs; Latches on to hair, fur, clothing, etc.

Mainly seen invading roadsides, ROW, and woodland edges

Rosettes look very similar to Queen Anne’s-lace and young Herb Robert (Geranium robertianum). Leaves also look similar to those of wild chervil

Page 8: White Umbelliferous Umbelliferous Plants - How To Identify & Control

HedgeparsleyHedgeparsley LookLook--alikesalikes

Chris Evans, River to River CWMA, Bugwood.org

Leslie J. Mehrhoff, University of Connecticut, Bugwood.org

Dan Tenaglia, Missouriplants.com, Bugwood.org

Image © 2004, Ben Legler

Queen Anne’s-lace Herb Robert

Wild Chervil

Japanese Hedgeparsley

Page 9: White Umbelliferous Umbelliferous Plants - How To Identify & Control

How to control How to control hedgeparsleyhedgeparsley

Hand pull plants or use a sharp shovel to cut Hand pull plants or use a sharp shovel to cut taproot 2taproot 2--33”” below soil surface. Bag and dispose below soil surface. Bag and dispose of plants. of plants. Cut and bag flower heads before seed set. Cut and bag flower heads before seed set. –– Mowing will also work before seed setMowing will also work before seed set

Controlled burns in fire adapted communitiesControlled burns in fire adapted communitiesFoliar spray in spring or on Foliar spray in spring or on resproutsresprouts with with metsulfuronmetsulfuron, , triclopyrtriclopyr, or , or glyphosateglyphosate..–– Always follow label rates and recommendations Always follow label rates and recommendations

Page 10: White Umbelliferous Umbelliferous Plants - How To Identify & Control

Wild chervilWild chervil ((AnthriscusAnthriscus sylvestrissylvestris))

Photo by Richard Old, www.xidservices.com

Leslie J. Mehrhoff, University of Connecticut, Bugwood.org

Page 11: White Umbelliferous Umbelliferous Plants - How To Identify & Control

Wild chervil CharacteristicsWild chervil CharacteristicsSmooth, black, oblong fruit are spread by wind, mowing eqp, & water. Lateral root buds can re sprout

Often found along roadsides, pastures, open woods and other disturbed areas.

Leaves look similar to poison hemlock

Biennial or monocarpic perennial; 3-4’ tall

Stems are hollow and covered with soft hairs

Leaves are fern-like and alternate

Blooms late May – early July

Thick taproot up to 6’ deep with lateral buds

Page 12: White Umbelliferous Umbelliferous Plants - How To Identify & Control

How to control wild chervilHow to control wild chervil

Use a sharp shovel to dig up entire root. Bag Use a sharp shovel to dig up entire root. Bag and dispose of plants. and dispose of plants. Mowing repeatedly before seed development Mowing repeatedly before seed development can deplete root reservescan deplete root reservesFoliar spray before bloom and one month after Foliar spray before bloom and one month after bloom with bloom with clopyralidclopyralid or or dicambadicamba–– Foliar spray can also be done with Foliar spray can also be done with metsulfuronmetsulfuron methyl methyl

or escortor escort–– Always follow label rates and recommendations Always follow label rates and recommendations

Page 13: White Umbelliferous Umbelliferous Plants - How To Identify & Control

BurnetBurnet--saxifrage/Scarlet pimpernel saxifrage/Scarlet pimpernel ((PimpinellaPimpinella saxifragasaxifraga))

J.R. CrellinJ.R. Crellin

Steve Garske Steve Garske

Page 14: White Umbelliferous Umbelliferous Plants - How To Identify & Control

BurnetBurnet--saxifrage saxifrage CharacteristicsCharacteristics

Perennial; 3-4’

Pithy stems are slightly hairy

Leaves are pinnate with 3-7 serrate leaflets; get smaller as they move up the stem

Taproot with lateral rhizomes

Blooms July – September; umbels turn reddish in the fall

Fruits are slightly ribbed

Often seen along roadsides, dry pastures, meadows

John Cardina, The O

hio State University, B

ugwood.org

Lower leaves resemble those of wild parsnip.

Umbels resemble those of Queen Anne’s-lace

Page 15: White Umbelliferous Umbelliferous Plants - How To Identify & Control

How to control burnetHow to control burnet--saxifragesaxifrage

Prevent further distribution by cutting Prevent further distribution by cutting flower heads before seed setflower heads before seed setCut stem treatment or foliar spray with Cut stem treatment or foliar spray with glyphosateglyphosate, , metsulfuronmetsulfuron, or , or triclopyrtriclopyr–– Always follow label rates and Always follow label rates and

recommendations recommendations

Page 16: White Umbelliferous Umbelliferous Plants - How To Identify & Control

Poison hemlockPoison hemlock (Conium (Conium maculatummaculatum))

Rhiannon Fernandez

William & Wilma Follette. USDA NRCS

Jan Samanek, State Phytosanitary Administration, Bugwood.org

Courtney LeClair, WI DNR

Page 17: White Umbelliferous Umbelliferous Plants - How To Identify & Control

Poison hemlock CharacteristicsPoison hemlock CharacteristicsBiennial or monocarpic perennial; 4-10’ tall

Stems are hollow, ridged, and hairless; purple mottling near base

Alternate, pinnately compound leaves are hairless and shiny; broadly triangular shape; leaf veins end at the tips of the tooth margins

Taproot

Two joined seeds; ridged

Often found along roadsides, fields, stream banks, and in floodplains

Leaves look similar to wild chervil. Water hemlock (Cicuta maculate) has leaf veins that end in the notches between the tooth margins.

Page 18: White Umbelliferous Umbelliferous Plants - How To Identify & Control

How to control poison hemlockHow to control poison hemlock

Hand pull, dig, or grub when populations are Hand pull, dig, or grub when populations are smallsmall–– Ensure to remove entire taprootEnsure to remove entire taproot–– Do prior to flowering (bag and landfill since toxic)Do prior to flowering (bag and landfill since toxic)

Cut and bag flower heads before seed setCut and bag flower heads before seed setMow close to the ground several times through Mow close to the ground several times through out growing seasonout growing seasonFoliar spray with 2,4Foliar spray with 2,4--D +diesel oilD +diesel oil–– http://www.dcnr.state.pa.us/forestry/invasivetutorial/http://www.dcnr.state.pa.us/forestry/invasivetutorial/

poison_hemlock_M_C.htmpoison_hemlock_M_C.htm Pennsylvania Dept. of Pennsylvania Dept. of Conservation and Natural ResourcesConservation and Natural Resources

–– Many other herbicides can also be usedMany other herbicides can also be used–– Always follow label rates and recommendations Always follow label rates and recommendations

Page 19: White Umbelliferous Umbelliferous Plants - How To Identify & Control

Giant hogweedGiant hogweed ((HeracleumHeracleum mantegazzianummantegazzianum))

Leslie J. Mehrhoff, University of Connecticut, Bugwood.orgDonna R. Ellis, University of Connecticut, Bugwood.org

Donna R. Ellis, University of Connecticut, Bugwood.org

USDA APHIS PPQ Archive, USDA APHIS PPQ, Bugwood.org

Page 20: White Umbelliferous Umbelliferous Plants - How To Identify & Control

Giant hogweed Giant hogweed CharacteristicsCharacteristics

Monocarpic perennial; 8-15’ tall

Stems are ribbed, hollow, covered in coarse, white hairs; purple mottling

Leaves are deeply lobed and pointed; underside has coarse white hairs

Blooms May to July; umbels up to 20” wide

Large, deep taproot

Often found along roadsides, vacant lots, and in moist woodlands or wetlands

American cow parsnip (Heracleum lanatum) is 3- 7’ tall with non-mottled flower stems and pinnately divided leaves. David Eagan, WI DNR

Page 21: White Umbelliferous Umbelliferous Plants - How To Identify & Control

ContinuedContinued……Great angelica (Angelica atropurpurea) is smaller with a smooth, purplish stem, spherical umbel and pinnately compound leaves.

Glade mallow (Napaea dioica L.) is 3-6’ tall with leaves 4-12” with 5-9 deep lobes that are coarsely toothed

IPANE

David Eagan, WI DNRDavid Eagan, WI DNR

Page 22: White Umbelliferous Umbelliferous Plants - How To Identify & Control

How to control giant hogweedHow to control giant hogweed

Hand pull or dig out seedlings Hand pull or dig out seedlings Dig up plants 4Dig up plants 4--66”” below soil surfacebelow soil surfaceCut and bag flower heads before seed setCut and bag flower heads before seed setFoliar spray with Foliar spray with –– 5% 5% triclopyrtriclopyr + 2% + 2% clopyralidclopyralid–– 1.5 oz. Escort/acre1.5 oz. Escort/acre–– 2.5% 2.5% GarlonGarlon 3A3A–– Always follow label rates and recommendations Always follow label rates and recommendations

http://ohioline.osu.edu/anrhttp://ohioline.osu.edu/anr--fact.hogweed.htmlfact.hogweed.htmlhttp://www.kingcounty.govhttp://www.kingcounty.gov

Page 23: White Umbelliferous Umbelliferous Plants - How To Identify & Control

For More InformationFor More Information

•• Wisconsin Wisconsin DNRDNR: : http://dnr.wi.gov/invasiveshttp://dnr.wi.gov/invasives•• Invasive Plants Association of Wisconsin: Invasive Plants Association of Wisconsin:

http://www.ipaw.orghttp://www.ipaw.org•• Midwest Invasive Plant Network: Midwest Invasive Plant Network:

http://www.mipn.orghttp://www.mipn.org•• Invasive Plant Atlas of New England: Invasive Plant Atlas of New England:

http://nbiihttp://nbii--nin.ciesin.columbia.edu/ipane/nin.ciesin.columbia.edu/ipane/•• USDA Plants: USDA Plants: http://http://plants.usda.govplants.usda.gov