Which of the following must always be measured or described relative to something else?

size

motion

acceleration

mass

2

0

6

14A. sizeB. motionC. accelerationD. mass

When the Sun and the Moon are on opposite sides of the Earth, what will the tide be like at

the position indicated by the arrow in the image above?

very high

medium

high

very lo

w

2

10

3

7A. very highB. mediumC. highD. very low

Which of the following would happen if the amount of sunlight reaching the Earth's surface decreased?i. The amount of plant life would decrease.ii. The population of primary consumers would decrease.iii. The population of secondary consumers would decrease.iv. The population of decomposers would permanently increase.

0 0

17

5

A. i, ii, and iv onlyB. i, ii, iii, and ivC. i, ii, and iii onlyD. i and ii only

The body of each organism is organized in a certain manner. Which of the following shows the organization of the body from the simplest

level to the most complex level?

tissue -->

cel...

organism

--> o...

organ -->

tiss...

cell -

-> tissu...

1

21

00

A. tissue --> cell --> organ system --> organ --> organismB. organism --> organ system --> organ --> tissue --> cellC. organ --> tissue --> cell --> organ system --> organismD. cell --> tissue --> organ --> organ system --> organism

Jeffery has a 1.0-gram sample of baking soda and a 5.0-gram sample of vinegar. He combines the two samples in a sealed

plastic bag. The baking soda and vinegar react, releasing bubbles and heat.

After the reaction is complete, Jeffery measures the mass of the bag's contents. The bag's contents should measure ______.

6.0 grams

5.0 grams

7.0 grams

1.0 grams

21

001

A. 6.0 gramsB. 5.0 gramsC. 7.0 gramsD. 1.0 grams

In a certain ecosystem, foxes hunt and kill rabbits for food. The interaction between foxes

and rabbits in this ecosystem can best be described as a _______ relationship.

parasite/h

ost

predator/p

rey

decomposer/p

re...

producer/c

onsu...

0 000

A. parasite/hostB. predator/preyC. decomposer/preyD. producer/consumer

Which part of a cell allows nutrients and other materials to enter or leave the cell?

nucleus

chloro

plast

cell m

embrane

cytoplas

m

0 000

A. nucleusB. chloroplastC. cell membraneD. cytoplasm

Olive observes a system in nature. She identifies two important variables. She measures each variable at the same time every day. At the end of a month, Olive graphs the values she measured for each variable every day.

chang

es in va

r...

chang

es in va

r...

chang

es in va

r...

all of th

ese

0 000

A. changes in variables a and b are both caused by the same thing.

B. changes in variable b cause changes in variable a

C. changes in variable a cause changes in variable b

D. all of these

The Sun's gravitational pull keeps the _______ in their orbits, just as a planet's gravitational pull

keeps its _______ in their orbits.

stars

; moons

moons;

stars

planets; m

oons

planets; st

ars

0 000

A. stars; moonsB. moons; starsC. planets; moonsD. planets; stars

Which of the following is a true statement about hypotheses?

Even if

hypoth...

It is n

ot poss.

..

Data colle

cted...

If data

does n...

0 000

A. Even if hypotheses are not supported by data, they can still be valuable.

B. It is not possible to test hypotheses through scientific investigations.

C. Data collected during scientific investigations must always support hypotheses.

D. If data does not agree with a hypothesis, the hypothesis should be changed to match the data.

Jack wants to know if it takes longer for warm water to freeze into ice cubes than cold water, so he performed the following

experiment.Jack placed 50 mL of water in the refrigerator and allowed it to

cool to a temperature of 4°C. Then, he heated 50 mL of water to a temperature of 40°C. Jack then used a pipette to distribute

5 mL of cold water into each well of an ice cube tray. He repeated this procedure with the warm water. Then, he placed both ice cube trays side by side in a freezer and monitored how

long it took for the cubes to freeze.What is the test variable (independent variable) in Jack's

experiment?A. the amount of water that was placed in each wellB. the temperature of the freezerC. the initial temperature of the waterD. the time it took for the cubes to freeze

Based on the weather map above, rain and thunderstorms are associated mostly with _______ and _______ systems.

cold fr

onts; h...

cold fr

onts; l..

.

warm

fronts;

l...

warm

fronts;

h...

0 000

A. cold fronts; high-pressureB. cold fronts; low-pressureC. warm fronts; low-pressureD. warm fronts; high-pressure

Which of the following is true about asteroids?

Astero

ids orbi...

No astero

ids c...

Astero

ids orbi...

All aste

roids ...

0 000

A. Asteroids orbit the Earth, which means they can never collide with the Earth.

B. No asteroids cross the Earth's orbit as they orbit the Sun.

C. Asteroids orbit the Sun, and some of them can cross the Earth's orbit.

D. All asteroids cross the Earth's orbit as they orbit the Sun.

About 1.7% of the water on Earth is in its solid form. Most of this water is located at high

elevations or

in th

e weste

rn...

near the equat...

near the so

uth...

near the north

...

0 000

A. in the western hemisphere.

B. near the equator.C. near the south pole

and equator.D. near the north and

south poles.

How does the genetic material of the daughter cell compare to the genetic material of the

parent cell?

It co

ntains h

a...

It is a

n exact...

It co

ntains 7

5...

It co

ntains n

o...

0 000

A. It contains half of the genes from the parent cell.

B. It is an exact copy.C. It contains 75% of the genes from

the parent cell.D. It contains no genetic information

from the parent.

The molecules that make up living things are made up of

only ca

rbon, h...

mostl

y organic.

..

all the elemen...

large amounts

...

0 000

A. only carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen.

B. mostly organic elements.C. all the elements that naturally

occur on Earth in roughly equal amounts.

D. large amounts of a few different elements and very small amounts of many others.

Which of the following devices typically transforms electrical energy into sound,

visible light, and thermal energy?

a blender

a loudsp

eaker

a light b

ulb

a televis

ion

0 000

A. a blenderB. a loudspeakerC. a light bulbD. a television

Which of the following is an inherited trait in humans?

clothing s

tyle

eye co

lor

geogra

phical l.

..

activit

y level

0 000

A. clothing styleB. eye colorC. geographical

locationD. activity level

Which of the following move(s) elements and compounds among different Earth systems, such

as the atmosphere, organisms, and the solid Earth?

carbon cy

cle

wate

r cycle

nitrogen cy

cle

all of th

ese

0 000

A. carbon cycleB. water cycleC. nitrogen cycleD. all of these

Which of the following is an example of kinetic energy in nature?

A. B. C. D.

0 000

A. the energy contained in the bonds of a sugar molecule

B. the energy of flowing water in a mountain stream

C. the stored energy of a boulder at the top of a cliff

D. the energy that builds up when friction prevents rocks from moving along a fault

_______ is a type of relationship or interaction between two organisms that benefits both organisms.

A. B. C. D.

0 000

A. MutualismB. PredationC. CompetitionD. Parasitism

The MOST DIFFICULT problem to overcome in the issue of using fossil

fuels, such as oil and natural gas, is that

A. B. C. D.

0 000

A. fossil fuels take millions of years to form.

B. no one wants to use alternative fuels.

C. fossil fuels are the only fuels that work in cars.

D. fossil fuels are very expensive.

Which of the following is a renewable source of energy?

A. B. C. D.

0 000

A. oilB. natural gasC. coalD. wind

Which kind of rock is produced bydeposition and cementation?

A. B. C. D.

0 000

A. marble, a metamorphic rock

B. sandstone, a sedimentary rock

C. Granite, an intrusive igneous rock

D. Pumice, an extrusive igneous rock

Which action demonstrates achemical change?

A. B. C. D.

0 000

A. Long hair is cut and dried.B. A wooden pencil is

sharpened and breaks.C. An ice cube melts and

becomes a clear liquid.D. An iron nail becomes orange

and flaky on the surface.

Aphids are a common plant-pest insect. They alternate between asexual and sexual reproduction. During the summer, aphid populations grow quickly by asexual reproduction. As winter approaches, aphids switch to sexual reproduction. What advantage does the switch to sexual reproduction give the aphids?

A. B. C. D.

0 000

A. Sexual reproduction maintains a constant level of variation in the population and requires less energy.

B. Sexual reproduction decreases variation in the population and prevents the spread of harmful mutations.

C. Sexual reproduction increases variation in the population and provides for adaptability in a changing environment.

D. Sexual reproduction produces individuals that are clones and allows rapid population growth under stable environmental conditions.

Short Answer Practice

• Aphids, ants and plants interact with one another through symbiotic relationships. Aphids are small insects that poke holes in plants and suck out sap. Aphids may cause the plant’s leaves to wilt and curl. Ants protect aphids and eat the sugary liquid that aphids produce.

In your Answer Document, choose two of the organisms in this symbiosis. Describe the relationship between the two organisms in terms of the benefit or harm to each organism. (2 points)