Where is our stuff made?

Today’s Title

The Silk Road – The Internet of the Past

Today’s Date

January 24th, 2018

Today’s Page Number:

70

Today’s EQ:

What is cultural diffusion? How can it positively impact the world? Can it be negative?

THE SILK ROAD: MOVEMENT OF GOODS AND IDEASTHE “ANCIENT INTERNET” WHERE YOU COULD “MAKE A KILLING” OR BE KILLED

WHAT IS CULTURAL DIFFUSION?

• Culture: The beliefs, attitudes, language, and customs people of a specific group share

•Diffusion: The spreading of something, in Science: The spreading of something usually by contact

• So Cultural Diffusion is…

• The spreading of beliefs, attitudes, languages, and customs from one place to another, usually by contact

EXAMPLES OF CULTURAL DIFFUSION?

•How about this…

•Can you think of signs or things you see for brands, restaurants?

•What are some of those?

•Do you ONLY see these in Concord?

•Do you ONLY see these in North Carolina?

•Do you ONLY see these in the Southeast?

•Do you ONLY see these in America?

• Can you think of examples of things we have that other parts of the state/country/world don’t have?

ROUTE OF THE SILK ROAD

• 200 B.C.—1300’S A.D.

• THERE WERE SEVERAL ROUTES THAT MADE UP SILK ROAD, BUT THEY ALL WENT FROM CHINA TO THE MIDEAST (& THEN INTO EUROPE)

• ROUGHLY 4,000-5,000 MILES

•NO MERCHANT TRAVELLED THE WHOLE ROUTE TO BUY AND SELL

• EACH STAYED IN THEIR OWN REGION OR WENT SLIGHTLY BEYOND

COMPASS

•GAVE CARDINAL COORDINATES (N,S,E,W): INVALUABLE FOR SAILORS, MERCHANTS, ARMIES

•COULD TELL HOW FAR NORTH/SOUTH THEY WERE OF EQUATOR

DANGERS•ALL ROUTES WERE DANGEROUS!!

•Weather: DESERTS, MOUNTAINS, RIVERS, SNOW, SANDSTORMS

• BANDITS, CORRUPT OFFICIALS, WARS

• Lack of WATER or FOOD

• INJURIES, or Dangerous ANIMALS

WHY IT EXISTED

• ROMANS 1ST SAW SILK DURING A BATTLE AND IMMEDIATELY WANTED IT

• WHEN MERCHANTS REALIZED ROMANS WANTED IT AND WOULD PAY GOLD FOR SILK, TRADING ROAD BEGAN

• CHINESE WERE ONLY ONES WHO KNEW THE SECRET OF MAKING SILK AND GUARDED IT FOR A 1,000 YEARS… This made it very valuable.

• The Silk Road connected many empires!

• Others traded to get things they wanted or needed but did not have or did not know how to make!

The Silk Roads Connected

Empires

MAKING OF SILK

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IFo3SxqH2-A&feature=player_embedded

• THIS WAS A IMPERIAL SECRET KEPT BY CHINESE EMPERORS:

• SILK PRODUCTION WAS A LIFE AND DEATH MATTER FOR CHINA

• HISTORY SAYS MONKS SENT BY JUSTINIAN HID SILKWORMS IN CANES AND BROUGHT THEM BACK

WAYS TO TRANSPORT GOODS… (THERE WERE NO TRUCKS OR TRAINS

OR PLANES!)•CAMELS PREFERRED IN DESERTS:

CARRIED 400 POUNDS, BIG FEET DIDN’T SINK IN SAND, NEED LITTLE WATER, GO LONG DISTANCES

The Silk Roads

Businessmen...Indian camel herders drink their morning tea

as they wait to sell or trade their animals at the Pushkar

Mela livestock fair in Pushkar, Rajasthan, India.

YAKS •GOOD IN MOUNTAINS, SLOPES, IN

SNOW AND ICE

HORSES

•GOOD ON VARIABLE TERRAIN, CARRY DECENT LOADS, GOOD SPEED, EASIER TO MANAGE

A LOOK AT THE SILK ROAD

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LowP8zYHDYA&feature=player_embedded

• SAMARKAND:

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KpE1JJIavVk&feature=player_embedded

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KpE1JJIavVk&feature=player_embedded

GOODS TRADED

•China had the #1 traded good:• SILK! They were a main stop along the silk

road.

GOODS TRADED

• PORCELAIN: ONLY THE CHINESE COULD MAKE THIS FORM OF POTTERY:• NEED FELDSPAR AND 2,500°F TEMPS

• BECAME SO FAMOUS WE STILL CALL DISHES AND CUPS “CHINA”

GOODS TRADED

• PAPER AND GUNPOWDER CHINESE INVENTIONS!

• PAPER ,AS WE KNOW IT, FROM HERE (EXISTED EARLIER IN OTHER FORMS)

• EUROPE MAKES PAPER ~ 1,100 A.D. AND GUNPOWDER ~ 1,300 A.D.

GOODS TRADED

• India was also a main stop along the Silk Road. They were known for trading:

• COTTON

• SPICES—LOTS AND LOTS

• PRECIOUS GEMS & PEARLS

• IVORY & ELEPHANTS

• EXOTIC WOODS (TEAK, SANDALWOOD)

• SLAVES

IDEAS EXCHANGED ALONG THE SILK ROAD

•MOVEMENT OF IDEAS:

• BUDDHISM & HINDUISM

• “ZERO”, DECIMAL SYSTEM, MODERN NUMERS, PI

• SURGERY AND PLANT MEDICINES

IDEAS EXCHANGED ALONG THE SILK ROAD

• ISLAM SPREADS ALONG SILK ROAD!

•ALGEBRA: HELPS MAKE MODERN WORLD POSSIBLE

•MUSLIM MEDICINE—VERY ADVANCED CATARACT SURGERY, SMALLPOX VAC.,

•MUSLIM SCHOLARS KEEP GREEK ROMAN LEARNING ACTIVE

OTHER SILK ROAD STOPS

• PERSIA:

• RUGS

•DATES, FIGS, PEACH TREES, JASMINE

•CENTRAL ASIA:

• HORSES, LAP/HUNTING DOGS, CAMELS

•ALMONDS, MELONS, FURS, SLAVES

• PRECIOUS STONES & GLASS ITEMS

BYZANTINE EMPIRE•CONSTANTINOPLE

BECOMES AN IMPORTANT “END OF SILK ROAD” “GATEWAY INTO EUROPE”

• GOOD HARBORS

• SAFE: ENORMOUS & LONG WALLS

• JUSTINIAN CODE: GOOD/FAIR LAWS

• HOSPITALS & HIGHER LEARNING

• ENTERTAINMENT: HIPPODROME!

BYZANTINE EMPIRE

• TRADE GOODS:

• WINE AND GRAPES

• WOVEN GOODS

• GLASSWARE

• TIMBER (FROM BLACK SEA REGION)

• ART (FROM HERE AND EUROPE)

• FUR AND ANIMAL HIDES

• CHRISTIANITY SPREAD FROM HERE

SEA ROUTES• WHILE ONLY THE NORTHERN AND

SOUTHERN LAND ROUTES =“TRUE SILK ROAD”, TRADE BY SEA WAS IMPORTANT

• SHIPS CAN CARRY MORE GOODS

• CAN VISIT MORE (& MORE DISTANT) PLACES EASIER

• ONLY GOOD FOR CHINA, INDIA, M.E. UNTIL ~ 1400 A.D. WHEN SEA ROUTES START TO REPLACE LAND ROUTES

A FEW SEA ROUTE STOPS • INDONESIA: SPICES, SPICES, TIMBER!

• BURMA: AMBER & PEACOCK FEATHERS

• INDIA: TIMBER EASIER TO CARRY

•AFRICA: EASIER TO VISIT BY SEA: GOLD, GOLD, GOLD!; IVORY, ANIMAL SKINS, SLAVES

IMPACT OF SILK ROAD• THE SILK ROAD CHANGED WORLD IMMENSELY

• 1- LIVES WERE MADE BETTER/EASIER BY EXCHANGE OF : MATERIAL GOODS AND ECONOMIC TRADE

• 2- RELIGIOUS BELIEFS

• 3- CULTURAL DIFFUSION: FOODS, CLOTHES, LANGUAGES

• 4- LEARNED NEW IDEAS AND WAYS TO DO & MAKE THINGS (SCIENCE, ART, MEDICINE, ARCHITECTURE, PHILOSOPHY, LITERATURE, LAWS, GOVT, ETC)

TOP TEN MOST INSTANTLY RECOGNIZED LOGOS AROUND THE

WORLD

•How can the Silk Road be example of Cultural Diffusion?

•What are some positives of cultural diffusion?

•What are some negatives?

•Why would some people be opposed to cultural diffusion?