‘‘WHERE are you wearing?’WHERE are you wearing?’

‘‘Where are you wearing?’ – Where are you wearing?’ – brand/country – brand/country – 2 in each2 in each

ClothingClothing SHOESSHOES TechnologyTechnology OTHER OTHER (list)(list)

Brand/countryBrand/country

1. 1. (you)(you)

2. 2. (partner) (partner)

Brand/countryBrand/country

1.1.

2.2.

Brand/countryBrand/country

1.1.

2.2.

Brand/countryBrand/country

1.1.

2.2.

B. Where?? /Why??? C. Where not??? / Why not???

A. Get a partner – check labels in an item of clothing, your shoes, a source of technology and one other thing. Write each item on your chart (yours, your partners)

Class set

D. Write/answer these questions on the back of your chart.

1. What continents /regions dominate the chart?

2. What other patterns do you notice in this activity?

3. What is ‘interdependence’?

4. In what ways does this activity demonstrate the concept in #3?

5. What kinds of products are we seeing diffused here?

The spread of The spread of phenomena over space phenomena over space and through time from a and through time from a limited # of limited # of origins/hearths…origins/hearths…

The way things spread…The way things spread…

Air freshenerAir freshener

One of the most One of the most important aspects important aspects of spatial of spatial interaction and a interaction and a key to key to understanding understanding geographic geographic change…change…

Disease outbreaksDisease outbreaks Political movementsPolitical movements New musical fadsNew musical fads

Globalization and DiffusionGlobalization and Diffusion

US $ is accepted US $ is accepted pretty much pretty much everywhere…. A everywhere…. A global currencyglobal currency

EU?EU? China?China?

Diffusion = to spreadDiffusion = to spread TNC - Transnational TNC - Transnational

corporationscorporations – – Companies that have HQ in Companies that have HQ in 1 country but factories, 1 country but factories, resources in others…resources in others…– Also called MNCAlso called MNC

WalmartWalmart NikeNike

SPECIALIZATION OF SPECIALIZATION OF LABOR….LABOR….look for regions look for regions that have favorable that have favorable resources, labor units, resources, labor units, etc…etc…

SpecializationSpecialization – – a REGION or country a REGION or country specializes in a certain productspecializes in a certain product

CHINACHINA MEXICOMEXICO JAPANJAPAN BRAZILBRAZIL VIETNAMVIETNAM INDIAINDIA RUSSIARUSSIA

What sort of What sort of generalizations can generalizations can be made about be made about these types of these types of nations??nations??

‘BRIC’ – Up and coming economies‘OECD’ – established economies

(Org for Economic Cooperation & Development)

More Developed More Developed CountryCountry

MDCMDC = Developed = = Developed = ‘Ped’‘Ped’

$$, technology, $$, technology, infrastructureinfrastructure (a (a ‘sacred word’ in HG)‘sacred word’ in HG)

NICNIC/Emer’GING’ /Emer’GING’ country – some country – some characteristics of both characteristics of both MDC/LDCMDC/LDC

Less Developing Less Developing country country (Less Developed) (Less Developed)

LDCLDC = Developing = = Developing = ‘Ping’‘Ping’

manual labor, low manual labor, low tech/infrast, lower paytech/infrast, lower pay

Map of LDC/MDCMap of LDC/MDC

Issues of Issues of PossibilismPossibilism (Carl Saur) vs (Carl Saur) vs Environmental Environmental DeterminismDeterminism…. (our WHAP buddy Jarrod Diamond)…. (our WHAP buddy Jarrod Diamond)

Space/time compression issuesSpace/time compression issues STCSTC means rapid diffusion b/c means rapid diffusion b/c

of of technologytechnology (sacred word) (sacred word) DISTANCE DECAYDISTANCE DECAY (as things (as things

move from the source, their move from the source, their impact lessens/decays) is not impact lessens/decays) is not such an issue b/c of such an issue b/c of technology….technology….

Dark Horizon well 24/7Dark Horizon well 24/7 9/11 – A shared the 9/11 – A shared the

experienceexperience WDC earthquake slowed WDC earthquake slowed

twitter responses by half, twitter responses by half, from 2 to 4 seconds…. An from 2 to 4 seconds…. An ‘eternity’ ‘eternity’

Texting….Texting….

ISS 16 sunrise/sunsets a ISS 16 sunrise/sunsets a day…day…

Global cultureGlobal culture SIGNAGESIGNAGE – – the cultural the cultural

limits within which a limits within which a community allows advertisingcommunity allows advertising

Is the world becoming Is the world becoming too homogenized?too homogenized?

Corporate ‘Imprinting’ Corporate ‘Imprinting’ (baby ducks, McD…) (baby ducks, McD…)

Starbucks all overStarbucks all over– PlacelessnessPlacelessness – ‘the – ‘the

kit’ (BB, B&N, WM in kit’ (BB, B&N, WM in Cancun, etc…)Cancun, etc…)

DEED DEED RESTRICTIONS and RESTRICTIONS and ZONINGZONING

Keep a community Keep a community uniform, unique as a uniform, unique as a placeplace

H-town has no zoning H-town has no zoning but has killer DRbut has killer DR……

+/- of globalization+/- of globalization

++++++ US?????US?????

Thailand????Thailand????

-------- US?????US?????

Thailand????Thailand????

Basic world map with boundariesBasic world map with boundaries

Toys ExportsToys Exports

Toys ImportsToys Imports

What the heck is a hearth???What the heck is a hearth??? The origin of a trait or characteristic, The origin of a trait or characteristic,

sometimes called a culture hearth : sometimes called a culture hearth : Where something started from….Where something started from….

Diffusion is Diffusion is notnot random… random…

It occurs as a It occurs as a function of statistical function of statistical probabilityprobability

Based on geographic Based on geographic principles of distance principles of distance and movementand movement

Results can be shown Results can be shown as a wave….as a wave….

First AdoptersFirst Adopters….do you stand in ….do you stand in line all night for the new Iphone?line all night for the new Iphone?

Relocation Relocation vs vs Expansion Expansion DiffusionDiffusion

RelocationRelocation – leaves – leaves hearthhearth

Actual physical Actual physical movement of an idea or movement of an idea or characteristic, moves characteristic, moves w/people…w/people…

Examples : Examples : GeophagyGeophagy Okra/AfricaOkra/Africa Ebola, SARSEbola, SARS ChristianityChristianity

(Not AIDS as Rubenstein says…)(Not AIDS as Rubenstein says…)

http://www.corda.com/examples/go/map/sars.cfmhttp://www.corda.com/examples/go/map/sars.cfm

Relocation vs Expansion DiffusionRelocation vs Expansion Diffusion

The global The global distributions of the distributions of the male and female male and female genital genital mutilationsmutilations among among native, non-Western native, non-Western peoples, along with peoples, along with history and history and archaeology, suggest archaeology, suggest their their genesis/genesis/hearthhearth in in the deserts of the deserts of Northeast Northeast Africa and the Near Africa and the Near EastEast, with a subsequent , with a subsequent diffusion outward into diffusion outward into sub-Saharan Africa, sub-Saharan Africa, Oceania and possibly Oceania and possibly even into parts of the even into parts of the New World. They have New World. They have generally been generally been transmitted from one transmitted from one region to another by region to another by virtue of virtue of relocation relocation diffusiondiffusion

Geophagy/Pica/Eating dirtGeophagy/Pica/Eating dirt

People at risk or who may People at risk or who may have Pica include but are have Pica include but are not limited to:not limited to: – People who are pregnantPeople who are pregnant – Those who have poor nutrition Those who have poor nutrition

(malnutrition) or vitamin (malnutrition) or vitamin deficiency deficiency 

– People who have ethnic customs or People who have ethnic customs or live in cultures where this is live in cultures where this is practiced.practiced.

    – Individuals who live in povertyIndividuals who live in poverty

– Mental RetardationMental Retardation

Expansion (3 types)Expansion (3 types) Spread by Spread by

snowballing > snowballing > passes thru passes thru places places BUT STAYS BUT STAYS @ hearth and @ hearth and remains strongremains strong

– HierarchicalHierarchical– ContagiousContagious– StimulusStimulus

Cell phone usageCell phone usage IslamIslam

HierarchicalHierarchical

Spread by a person Spread by a person or power node, skips or power node, skips city to citycity to city

Trickle down effectTrickle down effect

RapRap Clothing StylesClothing Styles SlangSlang

WAL-MART - WAL-MART - REVERSE REVERSE hierarchical (small hierarchical (small towns 1towns 1stst…) …)

AIDS – jumped AIDS – jumped from city to city….from city to city….

HIERARCHICAL EFFECTS OF DIFFUSION

                                                           

ContagiousContagious Rapid/widespread > nearest to hearth is Rapid/widespread > nearest to hearth is

11stst affected affected Like a wave > Rapid and widespreadLike a wave > Rapid and widespread

– Religions such as Islam, Buddhism…Religions such as Islam, Buddhism…– H1N1 virus, Influenza that almost killed off H1N1 virus, Influenza that almost killed off

Edward Cullen Edward Cullen (Yes, even Twilight is Geographic….)(Yes, even Twilight is Geographic….)

– diseases in the new world…diseases in the new world…

CONTAGIOUS EFFECTS OF DIFFUSION

CONTAGIOUS EFFECTS OF DIFFUSIONHIERARCHICAL EFFECTS OF DIFFUSION

                                                           

Stimulus DiffusionStimulus Diffusion

Idea is adapted to fit the area, comes from another Idea is adapted to fit the area, comes from another culture or regionculture or region

Industrialization – adapt ideas to the local area….Industrialization – adapt ideas to the local area…. ALS Ice Bucket Challenge – challenge has changed as it ALS Ice Bucket Challenge – challenge has changed as it

has diffused…has diffused…

Barriers to Diffusion….Barriers to Diffusion….

Physical Physical – mtns, water– mtns, water PoliticalPolitical – closed borders– closed borders

Time & Distance Time & Distance – – further from hearth the further from hearth the longer it takes to diffuse…Less likely for innovation to be longer it takes to diffuse…Less likely for innovation to be adoptedadopted

Culture Culture – – allows for or prohibits birth control, allows for or prohibits birth control, alcohol restrictions, food restrictions for examplealcohol restrictions, food restrictions for example

Economics Economics – LDC or MDC– LDC or MDC

Some models of diffusionSome models of diffusion

endend

HOMEWORK >>

Create a chart for 5 items at your home (TV, microwave, phone, DVD, car, computer, vacuum….) and the BRAND, Country and Continent for each.

Map it!Map it!All maps need >All maps need > Title, compass, Title, compass,

legend, author/namelegend, author/name

Shade in the countries Shade in the countries that you have that you have products fromproducts from

Write in the country Write in the country the type of products the type of products that come from therethat come from there