Wheat Leaf Rustin Canada 2010

Brent McCallum

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Wheat Leaf Rust in Canada 2010

• Wheat leaf rust, caused by Puccinia triticina, was first observed on spring wheat on June 9 at Winkler Manitoba.

• In commercial spring wheat fields little to no leaf or stripe rust were found, since they were sprayed with foliar fungicide.

• Unsprayed trap plots and nurseries had relatively high levels of leaf rust, ranged from 5% to 60% on the susceptible cultivar AC Barrie.

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Table 1. Average percentage (%) of the flag leaf infected with leaf rust

in surveys from 2001 to 2010 in Manitoba and Saskatchewan

Year Manitoba Saskatchewan

2001 10.0 3.0

2002 18.0 5.0

2003 2.5 2.0

2004 7.0 2.0

2005 20.0 22.0

2006 10.2 5.3

2007 15.7 4.9

2008 1.1 0.1

2009 trace trace

2010* 25.0 3.0

*Determined from AC Barrie in unsprayed nurseries and trap plots. Other years were determined from commercial fields.

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Wheat Leaf Rust in Canada 2010 – Virulence Phenotypes identified on the 16 North American differentials

Location IsolatesVirulence Phenotypes

MB+SK 341 19

ON 38 18

QC 9 9

PEI 11 4

Canada 399 41

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Manitoba and Saskatchewan

Race Avirulence/virulence

  formula (Lr genes) # %

MLDS 2a,2c,16,24,26,3ka,11,30,18 / 1,3,9,17,B,10,14a 101 29.6

TDBJ 9,16,26,3ka,11,17,30,B,18 / 1,2a,2c,3,24,10,14a 87 25.5

TDBG 9,16,26,3ka,11,17,30,B,14a,18 / 1,2a,2c,3,24,10 47 13.8

MFNS 2a,2c,9,16,11,30,18 / 1,3,24,26,3ka,17,B,10,14a 18 5.3

TBBG 9,16,24,26,3ka,11,17,30,B,14a,18 / 1,2a,2c,3,10 17 5

MDPS 2a,2c,9,16,26,11,18 / 1,3,24,3ka,17,30,B,10,14a 15 4.4

MFPS 2a,2c,9,16,11,18 / 1,3,24,26,3ka,17,30,B,10,14a 14 4.1

MDDS 2a,2c,9,16,26,3ka,11,30,18 / 1,3,24,17,B,10,14a 7 2.1

MDNS 2a,2c,9,16,26,11,30,18 / 1,3,24,3ka,17,B,10,14a 7 2.1

MBPS 2a,2c,9,16,24,26,11,18 / 1,3,3ka,17,30,B,10,14a 5 1.5

TBBJ 9,16,24,26,3ka,11,17,30,B,18 / 1,2a,2c,3,10,14a 5 1.5

PBDQ 2a,9,16,24,26,3ka,11,30,14a,18 / 1,2c,3,17,B,10 4 1.2

TNBG 16,26,3ka,11,17,30,B,14a,18 / 1,2a,2c,3,9,24,10 4 1.2

TNBJ 16,26,3ka,11,17,30,B,18 / 1,2a,2c,3,9,24,10,14a 3 0.9

MDTS 2a,2c,9,16,26,18 / 1,3,24,3ka,11,17,30,B,10,14a 2 0.6

PBJQ 2a,9,16,24,26,3ka,30,14a,18 / 1,2c,3,11,17,B,10 2 0.6

MCNS 2a,2c,9,16,24,11,30,18 / 1,3,26,3ka,17,B,10,14a 1 0.3

MFDS 2a,2c,9,16,3ka,11,30,18 / 1,3,24,26,17,B,10,14a 1 0.3

TDGJ 9,16,26,3ka,17,30,B,18 / 1,2a,2c,3,24,11,10,14a 1 0.3

Total 341

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Ontario

Race Avirulence/virulence

  formula (Lr genes) # %

MBTN 2a,2c,9,16,24,26,10,18 / 1,3,3ka,11,17,30,B,14a 9 23.7

TDBJ 9,16,26,3ka,11,17,30,B,18 / 1,2a,2c,3,24,10,14a 4 10.5

MCGJ 2a,2c,9,16,24,3ka,17,30,B,18 / 1,3,26,11,10,14a 3 7.9

MCTN 2a,2c,9,16,24,10,18 / 1,3,26,3ka,11,17,30,B,14a 3 7.9

MLDS 2a,2c,16,24,26,3ka,11,30,18 / 1,3,9,17,B,10,14a 3 7.9

MBPS 2a,2c,9,16,24,26,11,18 / 1,3,3ka,17,30,B,10,14a 2 5.3

MBRK 2a,2c,9,16,24,26,17,B / 1,3,3ka,11,30,10,14a,18 2 5.3

TBRK 9,16,24,26,17,B / 1,2a,2c,3,3ka,11,30,10,14a,18 2 5.3

MBJS 2a,2c,9,16,24,26,3ka,30,18 / 1,3,11,17,B,10,14a 1 2.6

MCRJ 2a,2c,9,16,24,17,B,18 / 1,3,26,3ka,11,30,10,14a 1 2.6

MCTT 2a,2c,9,16,24 / 1,3,26,3ka,11,17,30,B,10,14a,18 1 2.6

MDGJ 2a,2c,9,16,26,3ka,17,30,B,18 / 1,3,24,11,10,14a 1 2.6

PCLR 2a,9,16,24,11,17,30,14a / 1,2c,3,26,3ka,B,10,18 1 2.6

PCQR 2a,9,16,24,17,30,14a / 1,2c,3,26,3ka,11,B,10,18 1 2.6

TBBG 9,16,24,26,3ka,11,17,30,B,14a,18 / 1,2a,2c,3,10 1 2.6

TBDS 9,16,24,26,3ka,11,30,18 / 1,2a,2c,3,17,B,10,14a 1 2.6

TCRF 9,16,24,17,B,10 / 1,2a,2c,3,26,3ka,11,30,14a,18 1 2.6

TCRK 9,16,24,17,B / 1,2a,2c,3,26,3ka,11,30,10,14a,18 1 2.6

Total 38

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Quebec

Race Avirulence/virulence

  formula (Lr genes) # %

MCGJ 2a,2c,9,16,24,3ka,17,30,B,18 / 1,3,26,11,10,14a 1 11.1

MCTP 2a,2c,9,16,24,10 / 1,3,26,3ka,11,17,30,B,14a,18 1 11.1

MFDS 2a,2c,9,16,3ka,11,30,18 / 1,3,24,26,17,B,10,14a 1 11.1

MFGJ 2a,2c,9,16,3ka,17,30,B,18 / 1,3,24,26,11,10,14a 1 11.1

NBBT 2a,3,9,16,24,26,3ka,11,17,30 / 1,2c,B,10,14a,18 1 11.1

PCQR 2a,9,16,24,17,30,14a / 1,2c,3,26,3ka,11,B,10,18 1 11.1

PCQT 2a,9,16,24,17,30 / 1,2c,3,26,3ka,11,B,10,14a,18 1 11.1

TBQH 9,16,24,26,17,30,B,14a / 1,2a,2c,3,3ka,11,10,18 1 11.1

TBRK 9,16,24,26,17,B / 1,2a,2c,3,3ka,11,30,10,14a,18 1 11.1

Total 9

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Prince Edward Island

Race Avirulence/virulence

  formula (Lr genes) # %

MBNQ 2a,2c,9,16,24,26,11,30,14a,18 / 1,3,3ka,17,B,10 6 54.5

MBTN 2a,2c,9,16,24,26,10,18 / 1,3,3ka,11,17,30,B,14a 2 18.2

MHNQ 2a,2c,9,24,11,30,14a,18 / 1,3,16,26,3ka,17,B,10 2 18.2

MCSQ 2a,2c,9,16,24,30,14a,18 / 1,3,26,3ka,11,17,B,10 1 9.1

Total 11

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Common Virulence Phenotypes in Canada

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

THBJ 5.7 14.6

TGBJ 21.6 39.5 22.0

TDBJ* 8.6 16.7 16.5 23.1 28.1 22.8

TDBG* 44.5 50.1 54.3 22.9 15.8 11.8

TBBJ 9.5 47.4 41.2

TBBG* 14.8 10.2

MFDS 5.1

MBDS 54.1 18.5 30.2 13.4 10.0

MLDS 8.4 18.9 20.6 26.1

KBBJ       7.2              

others 18.6 27.3 38.3 32.0 33.9 36.7 28.0 20.7 35.1 35.5 39.3

Isolates 366 362 295 97 330 420 353 381 407 310 399

*Phenotypes which contain isolates that are avirulent to LrCen.

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Virulence in Canada 2000-2010

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

80.0

90.0

100.0

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Lr9

Lr24

Lr17

Lr2a

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A subset of 99 isolates representing all the virulence phenotypes were tested on five adult plant differentials and 12 additional seedling resistance genes

• Of the adult plant resistance genes tested there was no virulence on Lr22a, only six were virulent to Lr35, but most isolates were virulent to Lr12, Lr13 and Lr37.

• There was no virulence to seedling genes Lr19, Lr21, Lr29, and Lr32, virulence was rare to Lr25, and Lr28, intermediate to Lr2c, Lr3bg, Lr23 and common to Lr14b, Lr15, and Lr20.

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Wheat Leaf Rust in Canada 2010

• The epidemic was light in farm fields because they were treated with fungicides, but it was relatively heavy in untreated plots.

• Common virulence phenotypes were similar to previous years but MLDS increased from 2009 and was the most common.

• Populations from eastern Canada were more diverse than from western Canada.