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Whats the Matter with
Development Today?
And What to Do About It.Sophal Ear, Ph.D. ([email protected])
http://faculty.nps.edu/searAssistant Professor of National
Security AffairsU.S. Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA
5 September 2009Delivered at Renaissance Weekend, Monterey Plaza
Hotel
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Table of Contents
The Context
The Problem
Poverty and Infant
Mortality Maps
How other countriesdeveloped
Case: Reducing thesweat fromCambodiassweatshops
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The Context 1
Purpose of Aid: topromote national interest(realist) or
collectiveinterest (idealist); S-I gap
Aid as an instrument offoreign policytopromote
politicalstability and democracyor transformationaldiplomacy
Aid as means fordevelopment (i.e.,good change)
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The Context 2
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After Six Decades of Aid
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Living on Less Than $1/Day
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Infant Mortality
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The Problem
Foreign aid oftenleads to poor taxrevenues (why tax?)
No taxation = norepresentation = noaccountability
Donors, govt, &development industrymake change withinthe
system difficult
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How did others do it?
South Korea in theearly 1960s got its aidcut by President
Kennedy President Parks
Answer? Export orDie
Singapore had ONEtechnical advisor(who was not based
there)
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Case: Reducing the sweat
from Cambodias sweatshops
http://farm1.static.flickr.com/166/359073853_c14a9aac66_o.jpg
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Where Sweatshops Are a Dream--Nick Kristoff
New York Times, 1/14/09
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Turns out, YOU get to decide.
New York Times, 1/14/09
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From nothing in 1994, garments isnow 14% of Cambodias
economy,provides 350,000 jobs, and helps
1 million people
How did this happen?
http://farm1.static.flickr.com/46/171855007_1ea919192b.jpg?v=0
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3rd party labor standards monitoringof garments more export
quotas.
And guess what
happened?http://brookegoestochina.blogspot.com
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The UNs International LabourOrganization was that 3rd
partythrough its project:
http://www.betterfactories.org/
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http://www.betterfactories.org/
480 point checklist; one of whichis 97% compliance with
Cambodiasminimum wage
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BUT, it cant work unless
YOU, as consumers, buy it.
