What’s New for What’s New for Poultry Exhibitors in Poultry Exhibitors in

2014?2014?

Created by: Dr. Lora DavisPresented by: Michele GillWashington State Department of Agriculture

Pullorum-Typhoid Pullorum-Typhoid TestingTesting

WhatWhat is pullorum-typhoid?? is pullorum-typhoid??

Pullorum Disease and Fowl Typhoid Pullorum Disease and Fowl Typhoid are both diseases in poultry and are both diseases in poultry and game birdsgame birds

Pullorum disease is most important Pullorum disease is most important in the United Statesin the United States

Pullorum-Typhoid Pullorum-Typhoid TestingTesting

HowHow does testing affect 4-H does testing affect 4-H and other poultry exhibitorsand other poultry exhibitors????

A new law passed: all birds going to A new law passed: all birds going to shows need to be tested for shows need to be tested for pullorum-typhoid (P-T)pullorum-typhoid (P-T)

Pullorum-Typhoid Pullorum-Typhoid TestingTesting

But But Why??Why?? I’ve never heard of I’ve never heard of

Pullorum disease in Pullorum disease in Washington state!!Washington state!!

BACKGROUND…BACKGROUND…

First we need to understand Pullorum Disease

What Causes Pullorum What Causes Pullorum Disease?Disease?

Caused by a bacteriaCaused by a bacteria

Salmonella pullorumSalmonella pullorum

Disease of baby chicksDisease of baby chicks 7-10 days of age7-10 days of age

What signs do you see in What signs do you see in birds with Pullorum birds with Pullorum Disease?Disease?

White diarrheaWhite diarrhea Pasted ventPasted vent Huddle together Huddle together LamenessLameness Difficulty breathingDifficulty breathing BlindnessBlindness

Nearly all chicks with Pullorum Disease Nearly all chicks with Pullorum Disease diedie

Chicks that survive can carry the diseaseChicks that survive can carry the disease

Disease in Adult Disease in Adult ‘Carriers’‘Carriers’

Drop in egg productionDrop in egg production Low fertility or hatchability Low fertility or hatchability Sometimes have Sometimes have

diarrheadiarrhea

How is Pullorum Disease How is Pullorum Disease spread?spread?

Salmonella bacteria in adult Salmonella bacteria in adult ‘Carrier’ birds will pass to the egg‘Carrier’ birds will pass to the egg

How is Pullorum Disease How is Pullorum Disease spread?spread?

Baby chicks hatch and become sick Baby chicks hatch and become sick days laterdays later

How is Pullorum Disease How is Pullorum Disease spread?spread?

Sick baby chicks spread the Sick baby chicks spread the bacteria to other chicksbacteria to other chicks

Before you know it, the Before you know it, the entire chick flock is entire chick flock is infected!infected!

How is Pullorum Disease How is Pullorum Disease spread?spread?

Salmonella can also contaminate Salmonella can also contaminate the environment and continue to the environment and continue to spread the disease spread the disease

How Do You Treat Pullorum How Do You Treat Pullorum Disease?Disease?

A Lesson in Pullorum History

1930’s… ~70 years ago, Pullorum Disease killed a lot of poultry

Prevented farmers from raising chickens

National Poultry Improvement Plan

Poultry farmers developed a plan to eliminate Pullorum Disease in the U.S.

Test for carriers ~20 years later the

disease was eliminated in commercial flocks

NPIP and Pullorum Disease Today

Today –

Pullorum Disease still exists in the U.S.!

1990 – last outbreak in commercial poultry 2002 & 2004 – most recent reported

outbreaks in small producer flocks

Pullorum in Washington State

Washington State: Last Pullorum bacteria isolated in 1987 from Yakima County

Washington is an NPIP ‘Pullorum-Clean

State’ Required for movement of poultry into

other states!

How can I meet the How can I meet the new requirements?new requirements?

1.1. Birds can be bought from an NPIP Birds can be bought from an NPIP participating flockparticipating flock

Keep and present receipt at fairKeep and present receipt at fair

2.2. Birds can be tested prior to the showBirds can be tested prior to the show Test results good for 90 daysTest results good for 90 days Present test certificate at the fairPresent test certificate at the fair

3.3. Birds can be tested at the showBirds can be tested at the show

Who Are We??Who Are We?? The Washington State The Washington State

Department of Agriculture Department of Agriculture (WSDA):(WSDA):

8 Divisions8 Divisions 25 different programs 25 different programs

support the agricultural community support the agricultural community protect consumers and the environmentprotect consumers and the environment

Division of Animal Division of Animal HealthHealth

Avian HealthVeterinarian Avian HealthVeterinarian Dr. Lyndon BadcoeDr. Lyndon Badcoe Avian Health ProgramAvian Health Program

Michele Gill - coordinatorMichele Gill - coordinator

QUESTIONS AND DISCUSSIONQUESTIONS AND DISCUSSION