Creation or Evolution:Creation or Evolution:

What What ReallyReally Makes Makes

Scientific SenseScientific Sense??

Basic Issues & OverviewBasic Issues & Overview

Creation 101Creation 101

What is:What is:““How did life originate if we How did life originate if we

assume that God had nothing assume that God had nothing to do with it?"to do with it?"

Final Jeopardy Answer:Final Jeopardy Answer:

Theory of Theory of

EvolutionEvolution

Either Charles Darwin is Correct Either Charles Darwin is Correct ororGodGod’’s Word is Corrects Word is Correct

““Analogy would lead me to believe that all animals and Analogy would lead me to believe that all animals and plants descended from some one prototype. All organisms plants descended from some one prototype. All organisms start from one common origin and from some low and start from one common origin and from some low and intermediate forms both animals and plants may have intermediate forms both animals and plants may have been developed. All organic things which have ever lived been developed. All organic things which have ever lived on the earth may be descended by some one primordial on the earth may be descended by some one primordial form.form.””——Charles Darwin, Charles Darwin, Origin of SpeciesOrigin of Species (1859), p. 23. (1859), p. 23.

““Then God said, Then God said, ““Let Us make man in Our image, Let Us make man in Our image, according to Our likeness; and let them rule over the fish according to Our likeness; and let them rule over the fish of the sea and over the birds of the sky and over the cattle of the sea and over the birds of the sky and over the cattle and over all the earth and over every creeping thing that and over all the earth and over every creeping thing that creeps on the earthcreeps on the earth””. And God created man in His own . And God created man in His own image, in the image of God He created him; male and image, in the image of God He created him; male and female He created them.female He created them.””——Genesis 1:26Genesis 1:26--2727

So Why Study the Subject?So Why Study the Subject?The Implications:The Implications:

•• By Attacking Creation, Evolution is Undermining By Attacking Creation, Evolution is Undermining two of the two of the Foundational DoctrinesFoundational Doctrines of Christianityof Christianity–– Colossians 1:16Colossians 1:16--2020

–– Revelation 4:9Revelation 4:9--11 11 God is both God is both CreatorCreator & & SaviorSavior

–– Revelation 5:9Revelation 5:9--1414

•• If Supernatural Creation did not Occur, then Jesus If Supernatural Creation did not Occur, then Jesus is Not Creator nor Qualified to be Redeemeris Not Creator nor Qualified to be Redeemer

•• The Doctrines of The Doctrines of CreationCreation & & RedemptionRedemption are Knit are Knit Together. Together.

•• By Understanding the Importance of this Issue a By Understanding the Importance of this Issue a Christian is much better equipped for Evangelism.Christian is much better equipped for Evangelism.

DarwinismDarwinism & & CreationismCreationism are are Mutually Exclusive Mutually Exclusive Scientific ExplanationsScientific Explanations of Origins & Therefore of Origins & Therefore

Completely Incompatible in Any Shape of Form!Completely Incompatible in Any Shape of Form!

The The DoctinesDoctines of Creation & Redemption of Creation & Redemption are Knit Togetherare Knit Together

““You are worthy, O Lord, to receive glory and honor and You are worthy, O Lord, to receive glory and honor and

power; for power; for You created all thingsYou created all things, and by , and by Your will they exist Your will they exist

and were createdand were created..””——Revelation 4:11Revelation 4:11

And they sang a new song, saying: "You are worthy to take the And they sang a new song, saying: "You are worthy to take the

scroll, and to open its seals; for scroll, and to open its seals; for You were slain, and have You were slain, and have

redeemed us to God by Your bloodredeemed us to God by Your blood out of every tribe and tongue out of every tribe and tongue

and people and nation, And have made us kings and priests to and people and nation, And have made us kings and priests to

our God; and we shall reign on the earthour God; and we shall reign on the earth..””——Revelation 5:9Revelation 5:9--1010

For by Him all things were createdFor by Him all things were created, both in the heavens and on , both in the heavens and on earth, visible and invisible, whether thrones or dominions or earth, visible and invisible, whether thrones or dominions or rulers or authoritiesrulers or authorities——all things have been created through Him all things have been created through Him and for Himand for Him. He is before all things, and . He is before all things, and in Him all things hold in Him all things hold togethertogether..””——Colossians 1:16Colossians 1:16--1717

““If all animals and man evolved, then there If all animals and man evolved, then there were no first parents, no paradise, no fall. were no first parents, no paradise, no fall. And if there had been no fall, then the And if there had been no fall, then the entire historic fabric of Christianity, the entire historic fabric of Christianity, the story of the first sin, and the reason for the story of the first sin, and the reason for the atonement collapses like a house of cards.atonement collapses like a house of cards.””

−−H.G. Wells [1866H.G. Wells [1866--1946], 1946], The Outlines of The Outlines of HistoryHistory , 2 Volumes (1920), 2 Volumes (1920)..

The Atheist Understands This IssueThe Atheist Understands This Issue

Perhaps better than most ChristiansPerhaps better than most Christians!!

Princess Kisses Frog and Princess Kisses Frog and

Frog Turns into a Handsome Frog Turns into a Handsome

PrincePrinceThatThat’’s a s a ‘‘Fairy TaleFairy Tale’’

Bacteria Mutates and, Bacteria Mutates and, given given

enough timeenough time, Bacteria Turns , Bacteria Turns

into a Blue Whaleinto a Blue Whale

ThatThat’’s Called s Called ‘‘ScienceScience’’!!

Evolution: Science or Fairy Tale?Evolution: Science or Fairy Tale?

“The Earth was born about 5 billion years ago ...

scientists are not certain of just how it happened,

but they believe that life began about 2 billion

years ago in the shallow waters of some unknown

seacoast. A group of atoms came together in a very

certain way. They formed a new type of molecule --

a giant molecule, much bigger than all the other

atom groups nearby. This large molecule could do

something that no other molecule could do. It was

able to take simple atoms and smaller molecules

from the sea and make a new giant molecule just

like itself.”

−−−− Benjamin Bova, The Giants of the Animal World.

Typical Evolutionary Typical Evolutionary Explanation for OriginsExplanation for Origins

“The universe began with a ‘big bang’ 15 billion

years ago. The stars formed 10 billion years ago,

the sun formed 5 billion years ago and the molten

earth came into existence about 4.5 billion years

ago”.

“Water formed on the earth some 3.8 billion years

ago and over hundreds of millions of years life

formed from non-life through the processes of

Natural Selection and Mutation; then evolved into

fish, then amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals,

then ape-like creatures and then man—a process

involving chemical & biological innovation, death

and extinction.”

Evolutionary Explanations Are Based On Evolutionary Explanations Are Based On Unproven StatementsUnproven Statements

““I had motives for not wanting the world to have a meaning. I had motives for not wanting the world to have a meaning. For myself, as no doubt for most of my contemporaries, the For myself, as no doubt for most of my contemporaries, the philosophy of meaninglessness was essentially an instrument philosophy of meaninglessness was essentially an instrument of liberation.of liberation.””

The liberation we desired was simultaneously liberation from The liberation we desired was simultaneously liberation from a certain system of morality. We objected to the morality, a certain system of morality. We objected to the morality, because it interfered with our sexual freedom. We objected to because it interfered with our sexual freedom. We objected to the political and economic system, because it was unjust. The the political and economic system, because it was unjust. The supporters of these systems claim that in some way they supporters of these systems claim that in some way they embodied the meaningembodied the meaning——a Christian meaning, they insisted of a Christian meaning, they insisted of the world.the world.””

““There was one admirably simple method of confusing these There was one admirably simple method of confusing these people and at the same time justify ourselves in our political people and at the same time justify ourselves in our political and erotic revolt. We could deny that the world had any and erotic revolt. We could deny that the world had any meaning whatsoever.meaning whatsoever.””

−−AldousAldous Huxley [1894Huxley [1894--1963], 1963], Ends and MeansEnds and Means (1937)(1937)..

Evolution is a PhilosophyEvolution is a Philosophy——Not a ScienceNot a Science

The Theory of Evolution, or Darwinism, gives the atheist a “sophisticated cloak” for modern-day idolatry!

The Real Issue is Spiritual The Real Issue is Spiritual ̶̶ Not ScienceNot Science

But they are in reality without excuse:

“For the wrath of God is revealed from heaven against all ungodliness

and unrighteousness of men, who suppress the truth in

unrighteousness, because what may be known of God is manifest in

them, for God has shown it to them.”

“For since the creation of the world His invisible attributes are clearly

seen, being understood by the things that are made, even His eternal

power and Godhead, so that they are without excuse, because,

although they knew God, they did not glorify Him as God, nor were

thankful, but became futile in their thoughts, and their foolish hearts

were darkened.”

“Professing to be wise, they became fools, and changed the glory of the

incorruptible God into an image made like corruptible man—and

birds and four-footed animals and creeping things.”—Romans 1:18-23

The tragic results of denying that God is the Creator is The tragic results of denying that God is the Creator is evident in our society today!.................evident in our society today!.................

““If the foundations are destroyed what can the righteous do?If the foundations are destroyed what can the righteous do?””

——Psalms 11:3Psalms 11:3

Two FortressesTwo FortressesFrom From The Lie: EvolutionThe Lie: Evolution, Ken Ham, 1987, page 92, Ken Ham, 1987, page 92

The Tragic Consequences Become ManifestThe Tragic Consequences Become Manifest

“Therefore God also gave them up to uncleanness, in the lusts of their hearts,

to dishonor their bodies among themselves, who exchanged the truth of God

for the lie, and worshiped and served the creature rather than the Creator,

who is blessed forever. Amen.”

“For this reason God gave them up to vile passions. For even their women

exchanged the natural use for what is against nature. Likewise also the men,

leaving the natural use of the woman, burned in their lust for one another,

men with men committing what is shameful, and receiving in themselves the

penalty of their error which was due.”

“And even as they did not like to retain God in their knowledge, God gave

them over to a debased mind, to do those things which are not fitting; being

filled with all unrighteousness, sexual immorality, wickedness, covetousness,

maliciousness; full of envy, murder, strife, deceit, evil-mindedness; they are

whisperers, backbiters, haters of God, violent, proud, boasters, inventors of

evil things, disobedient to parents, undiscerning, untrustworthy, unloving,

unforgiving, unmerciful; who, knowing the righteous judgment of God, that

those who practice such things are deserving of death, not only do the same

but also approve of those who practice them.” —Romans 1:24-32

In The Humanist magazine, the following statement appears in an article entitled, A Religion for a New Age: The Secular Classroom (1985)

“The battle for humankindThe battle for humankind’’s future must be waged s future must be waged and won in a public school classroom by teachers and won in a public school classroom by teachers who correctly see their role as the proselytizers of a who correctly see their role as the proselytizers of a new faith. The classroom must and will become an new faith. The classroom must and will become an arena of conflict between the old and the newarena of conflict between the old and the new——the the rotting corpse of Christianity and the rotting corpse of Christianity and the faithfaith of of humanismhumanism.”

Is it any wonder that the public School System in many parts of the country is in such a state of confusion?

The Scope of This IssueThe Scope of This Issue

If weIf we’’re not prepared with the Truth, where will re not prepared with the Truth, where will our children & grandchildren find it?our children & grandchildren find it?

ChristianChristian’’s Responses Response

•• Beloved, while I was very diligent to write to you Beloved, while I was very diligent to write to you

concerning our common salvation, I found it necessary concerning our common salvation, I found it necessary

to write to you exhorting you to to write to you exhorting you to contend earnestly for contend earnestly for

the faiththe faith which was once for all delivered to the saintswhich was once for all delivered to the saints..

−−−−−−−− Jude 1:3.Jude 1:3.

•• But sanctify the Lord God in your hearts, and always be But sanctify the Lord God in your hearts, and always be

ready to give a defense to everyone who asks you a ready to give a defense to everyone who asks you a

reason for the hope that is in youreason for the hope that is in you, with , with meeknessmeekness and and

fearfear;; ––1 Peter 3:15.1 Peter 3:15.

Have You Heard People Say Any Have You Heard People Say Any of These Things?of These Things?

•• ““Belief in creation is nonsense.Belief in creation is nonsense.””

•• ““Creationism is a religious belief that has Creationism is a religious belief that has nothing to do with sciencenothing to do with science””..

•• ““The creation account in Genesis is just a The creation account in Genesis is just a fable which cannot be considered as real fable which cannot be considered as real history. Worldwide flood?history. Worldwide flood?——ridiculous!ridiculous!””

•• ““The Theory of Evolution is a proven factThe Theory of Evolution is a proven fact””..

•• ““Science has completely proved that the Science has completely proved that the Genesis account of creation is nothing more Genesis account of creation is nothing more than a myth and there is no Godthan a myth and there is no God””..

But Are Such Dogmatic Statements Really True?But Are Such Dogmatic Statements Really True?

What You Will LearnWhat You Will Learn

•• The truth about Evolution that the The truth about Evolution that the Evolutionist Evolutionist

ignores & does not want you to know.ignores & does not want you to know.

•• This seminar will expose the common This seminar will expose the common

Evolutionary myths taught in public school Evolutionary myths taught in public school

science classrooms & reveal the antiscience classrooms & reveal the anti--

religious bias of Darwinism.religious bias of Darwinism.

•• In this study you will discover that the In this study you will discover that the

evidence from all fields of science actually evidence from all fields of science actually

supports the Biblical creation account.supports the Biblical creation account.

Question:Question:

Is this Really Is this Really

SelfSelf--Organized Organized

Debris From a Debris From a

““Big BangBig Bang””

Explosion?Explosion?

The fool has said in his heart, "There is no GodThe fool has said in his heart, "There is no God””, they are , they are corrupt and have committed terrible injustice; there is no corrupt and have committed terrible injustice; there is no one who naturally does good.one who naturally does good.——Psalms 14:1; 53:1Psalms 14:1; 53:1

Many Want to Believe This by “Blind Faith”

Dr. George Wald (1906-1997) was professor Emeritus of

Physiology at Harvard University and shared the Nobel

prize in that field in 1967. He has written,

“There are only two possibilities as to how life arose. One is

spontaneous generation arising to evolution, the other is a

supernatural creative act of God. There is no third possibility.

Spontaneous generation, that life arose from non-living

matter was scientifically disproven 120 years ago by Louis

Pasteur and others. That leaves us with only one possible

conclusion: that life arose as a supernatural creative act of

God. I will not accept that philosophically because I do not

want to believe in God. Therefore, I choose to believe in that

which I know is scientifically impossible—spontaneous

generation arising to evolution.”—Scientific American,

August 1954, p. 46.

But Others Would DISAGREE!((““Stop the InsanityStop the Insanity””!)!)

Dr. Ethridge, of the British Museum of Science, said this: ““Nine tenths of the talk about evolution is Nine tenths of the talk about evolution is sheer nonsense. It is not founded on observation sheer nonsense. It is not founded on observation and wholly unsupported by facts. This museum is and wholly unsupported by facts. This museum is full of proofs of the utter falsity of their view.full of proofs of the utter falsity of their view.””

Dr. John Ambrose Fleming, was president of the Dr. John Ambrose Fleming, was president of the Philosophical Society of Great Britain, said:Philosophical Society of Great Britain, said:

““The evolution theory is purely the product of the The evolution theory is purely the product of the imaginationimagination..”” {circa 1904, inventor of the rectifying diode

vacuum tube which gave birth to modern electronics}

““For over 20 years I thought I was working on evolution....But For over 20 years I thought I was working on evolution....But

there was not one thing I knew about it.....Then I woke up and there was not one thing I knew about it.....Then I woke up and

realized that all my life I had been duped into taking realized that all my life I had been duped into taking

evolutionism as revealed truth in some wayevolutionism as revealed truth in some way……..So for the last ..So for the last

few weeks I've tried putting a simple question to various few weeks I've tried putting a simple question to various

people, the question is, "people, the question is, "Can you tell me anything you know Can you tell me anything you know

about evolution, any one thing that is trueabout evolution, any one thing that is true??““

““I tried that question on the Geology staff at the Field Museum I tried that question on the Geology staff at the Field Museum

of Natural History and the only answer I got was of Natural History and the only answer I got was silencesilence..””

Dr. Colin Patterson (1933Dr. Colin Patterson (1933--1998) was the senior paleontologist 1998) was the senior paleontologist

at the British Museum of Natural History and an evolutionist; at the British Museum of Natural History and an evolutionist;

in his address (in his address (secretly recorded by a creationistsecretly recorded by a creationist) at the ) at the

American Museum of Natural History, New York City, Nov. 5, American Museum of Natural History, New York City, Nov. 5,

1981 entitled, 1981 entitled, Evolution and Creationism he had this to say:he had this to say:

A Leading Paleontologist Speaks Honestly

The WorldThe World’’s Most Famous Scientist s Most Famous Scientist Believed in Supernatural OriginsBelieved in Supernatural Origins

““From the study of history, one is inclined to regard From the study of history, one is inclined to regard

religion and science as irreconcilable antagonistsreligion and science as irreconcilable antagonists……ButBut……I I

assert that the cosmic religious experience is the assert that the cosmic religious experience is the

strongest and noblest driving force behind scientific strongest and noblest driving force behind scientific

researchresearch.....God Almighty does not throw dice.....God Almighty does not throw dice……..Before ..Before

God we are all equally wiseGod we are all equally wise——equally foolishequally foolish……..My religion ..My religion

consists of a humble admiration of the illimitable superior consists of a humble admiration of the illimitable superior

spirit who reveals himself in the slight details we are able spirit who reveals himself in the slight details we are able

to perceive with our frail and feeble minds.to perceive with our frail and feeble minds.””

Einstein was not a Christian, but even one of the greatest Einstein was not a Christian, but even one of the greatest

scientific minds of modern times had to admit there must be a scientific minds of modern times had to admit there must be a

supernaturalsupernatural cause to the Universe!cause to the Universe!

——Albert EinsteinAlbert Einstein in his Times Opin his Times Op--Ed Entitled Ed Entitled

““Religion and ScienceReligion and Science””, published 1930., published 1930.

The WorldThe World’’s Most Famous Rocket s Most Famous Rocket Scientist Believed in GodScientist Believed in God

““The laws of nature that enable us to fly to the Moon also The laws of nature that enable us to fly to the Moon also

enable us to destroy our home planet with the atom bomb. enable us to destroy our home planet with the atom bomb.

Science itself does not address the question of whether Science itself does not address the question of whether

we should use the power at our disposal for good or for we should use the power at our disposal for good or for

evil. The guidelines of what we ought to do are furnished evil. The guidelines of what we ought to do are furnished

in the moral law of God. It is no longer enough that we in the moral law of God. It is no longer enough that we

pray that God may be with us on our side. We must learn pray that God may be with us on our side. We must learn

to pray that we may be on Godto pray that we may be on God’’s side.s side.””

——Werner von Braun, the Werner von Braun, the ““fatherfather”” of the American rocket of the American rocket program, the first director of NASA, founder of National program, the first director of NASA, founder of National Space Institute, directed the launch of the United StatesSpace Institute, directed the launch of the United States’’first satellite (1958), developer of the Saturn rocket and first satellite (1958), developer of the Saturn rocket and was the chief scientist on the Apollo space program.was the chief scientist on the Apollo space program.

There are many other reputable scientists who There are many other reputable scientists who

acknowledge the existence of God & are even Christians!acknowledge the existence of God & are even Christians!

The Bible is not a science textbook, but wherever it The Bible is not a science textbook, but wherever it speaks of the world around us it is scientifically speaks of the world around us it is scientifically accurate. Some examples:accurate. Some examples:

The Scientific Accuracy of the BibleThe Scientific Accuracy of the Bible

Naturalistic science prides itself in being adaptable to new Naturalistic science prides itself in being adaptable to new information & knowledge and therefore able to change but at information & knowledge and therefore able to change but at the same time is critical of the Bible because it is not.the same time is critical of the Bible because it is not.

But if the source of the information or knowledge is an infalliBut if the source of the information or knowledge is an infallible ble and unchangeable God why would we expect Biblical knowledge and unchangeable God why would we expect Biblical knowledge to change? Science is not to change? Science is not ““allall--knowingknowing”” but God is!but God is!

22ndnd Law of ThermodynamicsLaw of Thermodynamics——Psalms 102:25Psalms 102:25--27; Isaiah 51:627; Isaiah 51:6

The shape of the earth & expanse of universeThe shape of the earth & expanse of universe——Isaiah 40:22Isaiah 40:22

The location of the earthThe location of the earth——Job 26:7Job 26:7

The innumerable quantity of starsThe innumerable quantity of stars——Genesis 15:5Genesis 15:5

The reproduction processThe reproduction process——Psalms 139:13Psalms 139:13--1616

The hydrologic cycleThe hydrologic cycle——Ecclesiastes 1:7Ecclesiastes 1:7

The size & power of dinosaursThe size & power of dinosaurs——Job 40:15Job 40:15--24; 41:124; 41:1--3434

Basic DefinitionsBasic Definitions

&&

Fundamental IssuesFundamental Issues

Definitions of Definitions of ““EvolutionEvolution””•• WebsterWebster’’s dictionary primary definition of s dictionary primary definition of ““evolutionevolution”” is: is:

““A process of change in a certain directionA process of change in a certain direction””..

•• Therefore, in general, a creationist can agree that this kind Therefore, in general, a creationist can agree that this kind of of ““evolutionevolution”” takes place since a we have direct, scientific takes place since a we have direct, scientific evidence that a great variety of types of animals and plants evidence that a great variety of types of animals and plants have been have been bredbred and and hybridizedhybridized for particular purposes.for particular purposes.

•• But Webster gives another definition of But Webster gives another definition of ““evolutionevolution”” as: as: ““A theory that the various types of animals and plants have A theory that the various types of animals and plants have their origin in other, pretheir origin in other, pre--existing, types and that the existing, types and that the distinguishable differences are due to modifications in distinguishable differences are due to modifications in successive generationssuccessive generations..””

•• This definition of This definition of ““evolutionevolution”” is in direct contradiction with is in direct contradiction with the Biblical account of creation. It is also in contradiction the Biblical account of creation. It is also in contradiction with thousands of years experience in breeding all kinds of with thousands of years experience in breeding all kinds of animals and plants which remain of the animals and plants which remain of the same same ‘‘kindkind’’..

Therefore We Must Carefully Consider the Context of any Therefore We Must Carefully Consider the Context of any Discussion Involving Discussion Involving ““EvolutionEvolution””

Semantics of Semantics of ““EvolutionEvolution””When evolutionists use the word “evolution” they could be talking about any of the following:

Natural SelectionNatural Selection Conservative Conservative not Creativenot Creative ProcessProcess

DesignDesign This implies a DesignerThis implies a Designer

Adaptation orAdaptation or““SpeciationSpeciation”” Just variation within speciesJust variation within species

““Macro EvolutionMacro Evolution”” This is This is DarwinismDarwinism

““EvolutionEvolution”” is a term used loosely to describe a host of is a term used loosely to describe a host of biological mechanisms. Many, like biological mechanisms. Many, like ‘‘variationvariation’’, , ‘‘adaptationadaptation’’, , ‘‘designdesign’’, , ‘‘natural selectionnatural selection’’, , ‘‘mutationmutation’’ all fit within the all fit within the context of context of CreationismCreationism. But when the term . But when the term ‘‘evolutionevolution’’ is used is used to mean to mean ‘‘macro evolutionmacro evolution’’ or or DarwinismDarwinism, it is , it is diametrically diametrically opposed to the opposed to the creation accountcreation account of the natural worldof the natural world..

Cannot provide new informationCannot provide new informationMutationsMutations

““CoCo--EvolutionEvolution”” TrialTrial--&&--Error impossibilityError impossibility

BioengineeringBioengineering ofof………………………………

Nature Nature has designedhas designed…………………………

…………..was ..was miraculouslymiraculously adaptedadapted

Nature Nature has givenhas given………………………………..

Changes in Changes in strategystrategy…………………………..

CreationistCreationist Phrases Commonly Used by Phrases Commonly Used by

Secular Evolutionists/ScientistsSecular Evolutionists/Scientists

Ironically, evolutionists must resort to using Ironically, evolutionists must resort to using creationistcreationist

languagelanguage to explain mechanisms of biological to explain mechanisms of biological

diversification because evidence demands it.diversification because evidence demands it.

““SchizophrenicSchizophrenic”” Terminology ConfusionTerminology Confusion

•• You will find that Evolutionists love to You will find that Evolutionists love to use use vague termsvague terms to describe macroto describe macro--evolution:evolution:

�� ““probably happenedprobably happened””

�� ““may have taken placemay have taken place””

�� ““is likely to have occurredis likely to have occurred””

These are NOT terms of These are NOT terms of scientific certaintyscientific certainty!!

•• Evolutionists have also Evolutionists have also coco--opted creationist opted creationist termsterms without without ‘‘batting an eyelashbatting an eyelash’’::

�� ““parts which appear bioparts which appear bio--engineeredengineered””

�� ““miraculous processmiraculous process””

�� ““amazing design featuresamazing design features””

Darwinian Evolutionists Use Deceptive LanguageDarwinian Evolutionists Use Deceptive Language

Inconvenient Truths About DarwinismInconvenient Truths About Darwinism

(1) False Claims cleverly disguised as fact—That is a

misrepresentation of the facts, inference and extrapolation.

Examples: Age dating of rocks, the chronology of the fossil record, co-evolution, Lamarkism, Haeckel’s fake drawings

depicting ‘ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny’.

Cover-up for lack of evidence for occurrence of Macro-evolution

(2) True claims cleverly packaged within a Darwinianframework—That is it discusses mechanisms that are entirely

compatible with Creationist explanation of origins.

Examples: Variations/mutations within species, natural selection; co-opting creationist design terms such as ‘bio-engineered’

and ‘chosen by design’.

Cover-up to obscure/hide problems with Macro-evolution

The Darwinian evolutionist uses two tactics to confuse the issueThe Darwinian evolutionist uses two tactics to confuse the issue::

ScienceScience: (1) possession of : (1) possession of knowledgeknowledge as as

distinguished from ignorance or distinguished from ignorance or

misunderstanding.misunderstanding.

WebsterWebster’’s Dictionarys Dictionary

We need to distinguish between:We need to distinguish between:

�� ‘‘goodgood’’ knowledge and knowledge and ‘‘badbad’’ knowledgeknowledge

�� ‘‘goodgood’’ science and science and ‘‘badbad’’ science.science.

EvolutionEvolution: (1) a : (1) a process of changeprocess of change in a in a

particular direction.particular direction.

WebsterWebster’’s Dictionarys Dictionary

The Fundamental IssueThe Fundamental Issue

“Timothy, guard what has been entrusted to

your care. Turn away from godless chatter

and the opposing ideas of what is falsely called

knowledge (i.e., ‘science’), which some have

professed and in so doing have wandered from

the faith”.—1 Timothy 6:201 Timothy 6:20--2121

Christians Need to AvoidChristians Need to Avoid““FalseFalse”” Science (Knowledge)Science (Knowledge)

This Creation Series will show that the Theory of This Creation Series will show that the Theory of Evolution is Evolution is ““FalseFalse”” ScienceScience——which is Totallywhich is TotallyOpposite to what youOpposite to what you’’ve been taught in school!ve been taught in school!

Understanding The Understanding The ‘‘FacesFaces’’ of Knowledgeof Knowledge

Supernatural(Besides the natural world,

something else exists)

Circumstantial(Non-repeatable)

CreationModel

CreationModel

Theistic

Inductive Logic(From inference,

a premise or bias)

Natural(The natural world is all

that exists)

EvolutionModel

EvolutionModel

Atheistic

Circumstantial(Non-repeatable)

Inductive Logic(From inference,

a premise or bias)

Philosophically

Neutral

Religiously Neutral

Empirical

(Repeatable)

Deductive Logic(From a observable facts

& repeatable experiments)

ScientificMethod

ScientificMethod

ExperimentalExperimentalHistorical/TheoreticalHistorical/Theoretical

KnowledgeKnowledge

KNOWLEDGEKNOWLEDGE

ExperimentalExperimental HistoricalHistorical

•• Observation & directObservation & direct Inference & indirectInference & indirectmeasurementsmeasurements measurementsmeasurements

•• Findings are falsifiableFindings are falsifiable UnproveableUnproveable

•• PresentPresent--day processesday processes Past EventsPast Events

•• Objectivity highObjectivity high Subject to biasSubject to bias

•• Certainty knownCertainty known Certainty probableCertainty probable

•• Hindu, atheist, &Hindu, atheist, & Hindu, atheist &Hindu, atheist &Christian reach sameChristian reach same Christian can reachChristian can reachconclusionconclusion different conclusionsdifferent conclusions

Starting Assumptions Starting Assumptions Determine Ending ConclusionsDetermine Ending Conclusions

Conclusion AConclusion A Conclusion BConclusion B

Prediction APrediction A Prediction BPrediction B

Same Scientific ObservationsSame Scientific Observations

Evolution TheoryEvolution Theory

Chance Chance DrivenDriven

Creation TheoryCreation Theory

Design Design DrivenDriven

The Basis ofThe Basis of

DarwinismDarwinism

oror

““Macro EvolutionMacro Evolution””

LamarckLamarck’’s (1744s (1744--1829) Idea:1829) Idea:TaughtTaught: External improvements and advantages acquired by an : External improvements and advantages acquired by an

organism over its lifetime could be passed onto its offspring viorganism over its lifetime could be passed onto its offspring via a

some internal driving force acting on inherited traits. This issome internal driving force acting on inherited traits. This is

sometimes referred to as sometimes referred to as ““transmutation of speciestransmutation of species””..

That is, Natural Selection is capable of That is, Natural Selection is capable of creating variationscreating variations in the in the

genetic code.genetic code.

French zoologist and botanist who developed a system for classifying

invertebrate animals and thus founded Invertebrate Paleontology.

to Thisto This

Chevalier de LamarckChevalier de Lamarck

From From ThisThis

• Voyage of the HMS Beagle, Dec. 1831 – Oct. 1836

• Wrote On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural

Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the

Struggle of Life (1859, 1st edition; 1872, 6th edition)

Charles Darwin: The Man Who Started it All

Charles Darwin

(Feb. 12, 1809 –

April 19, 1882)

Charles Darwin Accepted LamarckCharles Darwin Accepted Lamarck’’s Idea* s Idea* Regarding Externally Acquired Traits Regarding Externally Acquired Traits

Darwin believed each part of the body produced tiny particles that moved through the bloodstream into the eggs or sperm. These particles supposedly influenced hereditary traits. The British scientist

Francis Galton, a cousin of Darwin's, disproved this idea. Galton transfused blood from black rabbits into white rabbits to see if the white ones would have black babies. But the white rabbits still

produced white offspring.

Worldbook Encyclopedia 1998 CD-ROM, Heredity: How Proteins are Made.

*This is the mechanism that Darwin converged to at the end, afte*This is the mechanism that Darwin converged to at the end, after he had r he had

given up Natural Selection as the primary mechanism for macrogiven up Natural Selection as the primary mechanism for macro--evolution.evolution.

Lamarkism Subsequently Disproved by..........Lamarkism Subsequently Disproved by..........

DarwinDarwin’’s cousin, Francis Galton, and other s cousin, Francis Galton, and other

discoveries in genetics in the early 1900's, when discoveries in genetics in the early 1900's, when

it was shown that acquired characteristics of an it was shown that acquired characteristics of an

organism organism cannotcannot be genetically transmitted to its be genetically transmitted to its

offspring.offspring.

Yet Lamarkism still promoted today .........Yet Lamarkism still promoted today .........

““...Following some recent discoveries, Lamarck...Following some recent discoveries, Lamarck’’s s

ideas are being reexamined after years of ideas are being reexamined after years of

unquestioned adherence to Darwinian theory*...unquestioned adherence to Darwinian theory*...””

*Whales & Dolphins*Whales & Dolphins, Thunder Bay Press, San Diego (1998), p. , Thunder Bay Press, San Diego (1998), p.

28.28.

Sir Charles LyellSir Charles Lyell’’s (1797s (1797--1875) Idea:1875) Idea:Lyell was a British geologist whose writings established the Lyell was a British geologist whose writings established the

““Principle of UniformitarianismPrinciple of Uniformitarianism”” which states that the which states that the

gradual processes shaping the earth today, such as erosion, gradual processes shaping the earth today, such as erosion,

also formed the earth's features in the past. It forms the also formed the earth's features in the past. It forms the

basis of modern geology. It stands in opposition to the idea basis of modern geology. It stands in opposition to the idea

of of ““catastrophismcatastrophism””. (. (Cataclysmic events are ignoredCataclysmic events are ignored).).

Lyell set forth the Theory of Uniformitarianism in his Lyell set forth the Theory of Uniformitarianism in his

threethree--volume work volume work Principles of GeologyPrinciples of Geology (1830(1830--1833). He 1833). He

stated that most of the earth's structural features could be stated that most of the earth's structural features could be

explained as the result of constantly occurring erosion explained as the result of constantly occurring erosion

processes acting over periods of millions of years.processes acting over periods of millions of years.

Famous for saying:Famous for saying:

““The present is the key to the pastThe present is the key to the past..””

The Basis of The Basis of ““Origin of SpeciesOrigin of Species””

“Analogy would lead me to believe that all animals and plants descended from some one prototype. All organisms start from one common origin and from some low and intermediate forms both animals and plants may have been developed. All organic things which have ever lived on the earth may be descended by some one primordial form.” -- Origin of Species (1859), Charles Darwin, p. 23.

Darwin basically adopted LamarckDarwin basically adopted Lamarck’’s idea of s idea of externally acquired traits and applied Lyellexternally acquired traits and applied Lyell’’s s Geologic Theory of UniformitarianismGeologic Theory of Uniformitarianism to to biological organisms he observed on his voyage.biological organisms he observed on his voyage.

Charles Darwin Wrote the 1Charles Darwin Wrote the 1stst edition of edition of ““Origin of Species Origin of Species By Natural Selection [By Natural Selection [……]]”” in 1859 in which he advanced in 1859 in which he advanced his ideas of Macrohis ideas of Macro--EvolutionEvolution

• Species Are Not Absolute—Unlimited Variability� Species are not bound by any limitations in variety: i.e., the

potential for genetic change is unlimited.

• All Species are Modified Variations of Each Other� All living things descended from a very small number of

“Common” ancestors—Evolutionary ‘Tree’.

� Mutations help produce the necessary changes.

� 100 Thousands of Transitional Forms—‘missing links’

• The Mechanism of Evolution Is Natural Selection� “Survival of the Fittest”—Nature ‘red in tooth and claw’

� Gradualism—No large, sudden leaps mutations, slight

variations over 100’s millions of years result in new species. No

“cataclysmic” evolution”

DarwinDarwin’’s Three Propositionss Three Propositions

Darwin’s Classic Evolutionary “Tree”

““Religious FaithsReligious Faiths”” of Darwinismof Darwinism

•• DarwinianDarwinian––Accepts all of DarwinAccepts all of Darwin’’s s

propositions about natural selection.propositions about natural selection.

•• NeoNeo--DarwinianDarwinian––Accepts DarwinAccepts Darwin’’s s

ideas but believes mutations are the ideas but believes mutations are the

chief cause changes.chief cause changes.

•• PostPost--NeoNeo--DarwinianDarwinian––Accepts Accepts

DarwinDarwin’’s s ““descent with modificationdescent with modification””

but believes that natural selection but believes that natural selection

cannot explain how evolution occurs cannot explain how evolution occurs

{e.g., sudden leaps can occur}.{e.g., sudden leaps can occur}.

�� Materialistic EvolutionMaterialistic Evolution——DarwinismDarwinismThe hypothesis that the complex chemical processes and diverse The hypothesis that the complex chemical processes and diverse biological systems are the result of random processes (Natural biological systems are the result of random processes (Natural Selection & Mutations) working over a period of Selection & Mutations) working over a period of billions of yearsbillions of years..

��Theistic EvolutionTheistic EvolutionThe hypothesis that God initially created the raw materials and The hypothesis that God initially created the raw materials and energy and then through natural processes (Natural Selection & energy and then through natural processes (Natural Selection & Mutations) these evolved into the abundant variety of life we seMutations) these evolved into the abundant variety of life we see e today; including man, over a period of today; including man, over a period of hundreds of millions of yearshundreds of millions of years, , at times intervening to speed up the process.at times intervening to speed up the process.

�� Progressive CreationProgressive Creation““The hypothesis that God has increased the complexity of life on The hypothesis that God has increased the complexity of life on earth by successive creations of new life forms over a period ofearth by successive creations of new life forms over a period ofhundreds of millions of yearshundreds of millions of years while miraculously changing the earth while miraculously changing the earth to accommodate the new life.to accommodate the new life.””——Dr. Hugh Ross (Dr. Hugh Ross (Dinosaurs & Dinosaurs & HuminidsHuminids, Reasons to Believe audiotape, 1990), Reasons to Believe audiotape, 1990)

““Denominational FaithsDenominational Faiths”” of Evolutionof Evolution

�� Special CreationSpecial CreationThe hypothesis that God created the heavens and earth The hypothesis that God created the heavens and earth and all that is within them, the raw materials, energy, and all that is within them, the raw materials, energy, physical & chemical processes and the abundant physical & chemical processes and the abundant variety and complexity of life; including man, fully variety and complexity of life; including man, fully mature & functional, in six literal days. mature & functional, in six literal days.

The Biblical PositionThe Biblical Position

Furthermore, based on a study of Biblical genealogies Furthermore, based on a study of Biblical genealogies the earth, and by extension the Universe, is no more the earth, and by extension the Universe, is no more than ~8000 years old and probably ~6000 years old! than ~8000 years old and probably ~6000 years old!

This poses a controversy: What about all the supposed This poses a controversy: What about all the supposed ““scientific evidencescientific evidence”” that the earth is 4.5 billion years that the earth is 4.5 billion years old and the Universe is 8old and the Universe is 8--14 billion years old?14 billion years old?

Short AnswerShort Answer: Such conclusions are based on : Such conclusions are based on ““inductiveinductive””science rather than science rather than ““deductivedeductive”” or or ““empiricalempirical”” science.science.

NaturalNatural

SelectionSelection

Natural Natural

Selection? Selection?

Natural Selection is Natural Selection is either a either a ConservativeConservativeor or ExtinctiveExtinctive Force Force

NOT a NOT a CreativeCreativeForceForce——It Cannot It Cannot

Change the DNA & Change the DNA & Therefore Cannot Therefore Cannot

Create New SpeciesCreate New Species

LOGIC:

Birds eat more white moths on a dark background….THEREFORE, all

life probably evolved from a single cell???REALITY:

Pre-Existing genetic information produces adaptation, not

macro-evolution.

NaturalNatural

SelectionSelection

CannotCannot

ProduceProduce

NewNew

SpeciesSpecies

Two Two ““TypesTypes”” of Evolutionof Evolution

Micro Evolution(Adaptation/Breeding)

Change within kinds-

Observed

Macro EvolutionChange between kinds-

Not Observed

Variation Within KindsVariation Within Kinds

•• Is Is limitedlimited by the existing, by the existing, availableavailablegenetic materialgenetic material (DNA).(DNA).

•• Allows each individual to be Allows each individual to be uniqueuniqueand recognizable as an and recognizable as an individualindividual. .

•• Allows for new Allows for new ‘‘speciesspecies’’ within within ‘‘kindkind’’..

•• Allows each Allows each ““kindkind”” to to adaptadapt to a wide to a wide range of changes to range of changes to future future environmentsenvironments but with but with limitationslimitationsbased on genetic material based on genetic material so that so that many species have become extinct.many species have become extinct.

The Bible: The Bible: ““According to KindsAccording to Kinds””

““Then God said, Then God said, ‘‘Let the land produce Let the land produce

vegetation: seed bearing plants and trees vegetation: seed bearing plants and trees

on the land that bear fruit with seed in it, on the land that bear fruit with seed in it,

according to their various kinds.according to their various kinds.’”’” Gen 1:11Gen 1:11

““God made the wild animals God made the wild animals according to according to

their kindstheir kinds, the livestock , the livestock according to their according to their

kindskinds, and all the creatures that move along , and all the creatures that move along

the ground the ground according to their kindsaccording to their kinds..”” Gen Gen

1:251:25

““Two of every Two of every kindkind”” sent to Noahsent to Noah’’s ark. s ark.

Gen 6:20Gen 6:20

Secular Secular Arguments Against Natural Arguments Against Natural Selection as Mechanism for MacroevolutionSelection as Mechanism for Macroevolution

Problem of ‘Incipient’ (Partly Developed) Organs. If Natural

Selection cannot account for the origin of an organ through

intermediate, partially developed, stages then it cannot account for the

existence of new functional organs later. When one observes various

animal and plant species, one finds that there are no incipient organs or

structures when they should exist everywhere! If there were transitional

forms in the past—there should be transitional forms in the present.

In 1871 St. George In 1871 St. George MivartMivart, an acquaintance of Charles , an acquaintance of Charles Darwin, published a book entitled Darwin, published a book entitled On the Genesis of On the Genesis of SpeciesSpecies in which he pointed out a fatal flaw in Darwin's in which he pointed out a fatal flaw in Darwin's hypothetical Natural Selection mechanism:hypothetical Natural Selection mechanism:

““Natural selection utterly fails to account for the Natural selection utterly fails to account for the conservation and development of the minute conservation and development of the minute rudimentary beginnings, the slight and infinitesimal rudimentary beginnings, the slight and infinitesimal commencement of structures, however useful those commencement of structures, however useful those structures may afterward becomestructures may afterward become””..

Artificial Artificial SelectionSelection or or BreedingBreedingThousands of years Thousands of years of breeding billions of breeding billions

of animalsof animals——has has NEVER produced a NEVER produced a radicallyradically new kind of new kind of

animal or plant.animal or plant.

Animals & Plants Animals & Plants ALWAYSALWAYS reproduce reproduce after their own after their own ‘‘kindkind’’

Lessons Lessons Learned fromLearned from

• Natural Selection, just like its counter-part,

Artificial Selection (Breeding) can only

produce (“evolve”) new species within kinds.

• Variations within kinds is observed, but this

is NOT Darwinian Evolution!

•• Natural Selection, just like its counter-part,

Artificial Selection (Breeding) can only

produce (“evolve”) new species within kinds.

• Variations within kinds is observed, but this

is NOT Darwinian Evolution!

Remember These Important Facts

DarwinDarwin’’s Ultimate Admissions Ultimate Admission

““I have now considered enough, perhaps more than I have now considered enough, perhaps more than

enough, of the cases, selected with care by a skillful enough, of the cases, selected with care by a skillful

naturalist, naturalist, to prove that natural selection is incompetent to to prove that natural selection is incompetent to

account for the incipient stages of useful structuresaccount for the incipient stages of useful structures;; and I and I

have shown, as I hope, that there is no great difficulty on have shown, as I hope, that there is no great difficulty on

this head. [Italics added]this head. [Italics added]………….The belief that any given .The belief that any given

structure, which we think, often erroneously, would have structure, which we think, often erroneously, would have

been beneficial to a species, would have been gained under been beneficial to a species, would have been gained under

all circumstances through natural selection, all circumstances through natural selection, is opposed to is opposed to

what we can understand of its manner of actionwhat we can understand of its manner of action..””

•• For a new feature to have a survival advantage it would For a new feature to have a survival advantage it would have to come into existence fully functional & integrated have to come into existence fully functional & integrated which defeats its purpose as a transitional function.which defeats its purpose as a transitional function.

•• Darwin ultimately came to realize that there is no survival Darwin ultimately came to realize that there is no survival advantage in primitive, partly developed organs, which are advantage in primitive, partly developed organs, which are necessary to his theory and makes a necessary to his theory and makes a startling admissionstartling admission in in the 6the 6thth Edition of his book (1872), Edition of his book (1872), Origin of SpeciesOrigin of Species……...., pp. , pp. 178178--180:180:

““It is now fully recognized that the publication of Darwin's in It is now fully recognized that the publication of Darwin's in

1859 brought about a revolution in man's attitude toward life an1859 brought about a revolution in man's attitude toward life and d

his own place in the universe. This work is rightly regarded as his own place in the universe. This work is rightly regarded as one one

of the most important books ever published, and a knowledge of iof the most important books ever published, and a knowledge of it t

should be part of the intellectual equipment of every educated should be part of the intellectual equipment of every educated

person. The book remains surprisingly modern in its assertions person. The book remains surprisingly modern in its assertions

and is also remarkably accessible to the layman, much more so and is also remarkably accessible to the layman, much more so

than recent treatises necessarily encumbered with technical than recent treatises necessarily encumbered with technical

language and professional jargonlanguage and professional jargon””. .

““This This first editionfirst edition had a freshness and uncompromising directness had a freshness and uncompromising directness

that were considerably weakened in later editions, and yet nearlthat were considerably weakened in later editions, and yet nearly y

all available reprints of the work are based on the greatly all available reprints of the work are based on the greatly

modified sixth edition of 1872modified sixth edition of 1872””..

Amazon.com Book Description of Amazon.com Book Description of On the On the ““Origin of Species [Origin of Species [……]]””

They probably want to forget about the 6They probably want to forget about the 6thth edition.edition.

The Great Irony of DarwinThe Great Irony of Darwin’’s Conclusions Conclusion

The full title of Charles DarwinThe full title of Charles Darwin’’s book is:s book is:

““The Origin of SpeciesThe Origin of Species by Means of Natural by Means of Natural

SelectionSelection,, or theor the Preservation of Favoured Preservation of Favoured

RacesRaces in the Struggle for Lifein the Struggle for Life””..

So far we have seen two of the three propositions or So far we have seen two of the three propositions or

‘‘pillars of Darwinismpillars of Darwinism’’ destroyed: destroyed:

•• Potential for unlimited change within Potential for unlimited change within ‘‘kindskinds’’

•• Natural SelectionNatural Selection

ItIt’’s left with only one pillar on which to stand.s left with only one pillar on which to stand.

That third That third ‘‘pillarpillar’’ of of gradual change through gradual change through

mutationsmutations discussed in a subsequent slides and that discussed in a subsequent slides and that

will also prove a futile mechanism for evolution.will also prove a futile mechanism for evolution.

MutationsMutations

Interpretations of Mutations

•• CreationCreation——the the breakdownbreakdown and and

corruptioncorruption of existing genetic orderof existing genetic order

•• EvolutionEvolution——the randomthe random buildbuild--upup and and

organizationorganization of existing genetic orderof existing genetic order

Which is actually observed?Which is actually observed?

Fruit fly Fruit fly mutations mutations produce ..produce ..……

DamagedDamagedfruit flies!fruit flies!

Mutations?Mutations?

Mutations Generate Mutations Generate VARIATIONS About VARIATIONS About

a Genetic Mean & a Genetic Mean & CANNOT Produce CANNOT Produce

New Species!New Species!

Life By Chance ~= 0%Life By Chance ~= 0%

•• Probability of a 200 Amino Acid Protein Probability of a 200 Amino Acid Protein

Chain (20 Possibilities @Location): Chain (20 Possibilities @Location): 1010--260260

•• Probability of protein enzyme:Probability of protein enzyme: 1010--123123

•• Probability of hemoglobin:Probability of hemoglobin: 1010--165165

This is Virtually 0 % !This is Virtually 0 % !By way of comparison:By way of comparison:

Number of Hydrogen Atoms in Universe= Number of Hydrogen Atoms in Universe= ~10~108080

Number of Hydrogen Atoms Needed Number of Hydrogen Atoms Needed to Fillto Fill

a Universe 12 Billion Light Years Across=a Universe 12 Billion Light Years Across= ~10~10106106

Setting Up A Qualitative ComparisonSetting Up A Qualitative Comparison

•Generously assume that 1 beneficial

mutation occurs per each day an animal

or plant lives. (Note: Most mutations are

slightly bad).

• Compare the total number of beneficial

mutations over the lifespan of an animal

or plant with the probabilities of making

protein enzymes = 10-123.

Organism Life Span (yrs) # Mutations Occurring*

Marigold 1 3.7 x 102

Rose bush 50 1.8 x 104

Giant sequoia 4000 1.5 x 106

May fly 1 day 1.0 x 100

Large beetle 5 1.8 x 103

Carp 30 1.1 x 104

Eagle, owl 60 2.2 x 104

Frog 20 7.3 x 103

Blue whale 80 2.9 x 104

Beneficial Mutation Time PeriodBeneficial Mutation Time Period

* Number of Beneficial Mutations within a Life Span at 1 Per Day. Note that the values of these exponents are SIGNIFICANTLY SMALLER than those required for the probability to produce building blocks of life! No time for mutations to produce new life forms.

Organism Life Span (yrs) # Mutations Occurring*

Crocodile 60 2.2 x 104

Tortoise 150 5.5 x 104

Snake 20 7.3 x 103

Dog 15 5.5 x 103

Horse 20 7.3 x 103

Elephant 75 2.7 x 104

Gorilla 30 1.1 x 104

Human 110 4.0 x 104

Beneficial Mutation Time PeriodBeneficial Mutation Time Period

* Number of Beneficial Mutations within a Life Span at 1 Per Day. Note that the values of these exponents are SIGNIFICANTLY SMALLER than those required for the probability to produce building blocks of life! No time for mutations to produce new life forms.

“Beneficial” Mutations?SickleSickle--Cell Anemia or SickleCell Anemia or Sickle--Cell Trait is a hereditary Cell Trait is a hereditary blood disorderblood disorder, ,

characterized by characterized by red blood cellsred blood cells that assume an abnormal, rigid, that assume an abnormal, rigid, sicklesickle

shapeshape..

The The ““sicklingsickling”” occurs because of a occurs because of a mutationmutation in the hemoglobin in the hemoglobin genegene in in

which there is just a single amino acid substitution in the hemowhich there is just a single amino acid substitution in the hemoglobin globin

protein of the red blood cells, causing the body to produce an aprotein of the red blood cells, causing the body to produce an abnormal bnormal

(sickle) shape of the oxygen(sickle) shape of the oxygen--carrying substance carrying substance hemoglobinhemoglobin in the in the red red

blood cellsblood cells..

Normal Blood Cell

Sickle Cell

Sickle-Cell Advantage?

Sickle cells do not let hemoglobin carry oxygen in a normal Sickle cells do not let hemoglobin carry oxygen in a normal

way so the same feature that allows them to resist malaria way so the same feature that allows them to resist malaria

also prevents them from oxygenating vital organs and also prevents them from oxygenating vital organs and

tissues leading to their early failure & death!tissues leading to their early failure & death!

NOT THAT BENEFICIAL AFTER ALL! NOT THAT BENEFICIAL AFTER ALL!

Individuals with sickleIndividuals with sickle--cell trait have a selective survival advantage in cell trait have a selective survival advantage in

environments where malaria is present because the same mutation environments where malaria is present because the same mutation

causing the abnormal shape of the red blood cells also results icausing the abnormal shape of the red blood cells also results in their n their

resistance to destruction due to resistance to destruction due to malariamalaria parasitizationparasitization. .

Because of this SickleBecause of this Sickle--Cell Anemia has often been cited by evolutionists Cell Anemia has often been cited by evolutionists

as an example of a as an example of a ““beneficial mutationbeneficial mutation””. But is it really?. But is it really?

However, the sickling mutation also However, the sickling mutation also decreasesdecreases both the cells' both the cells' flexibility flexibility

and and ability to carry oxygen ability to carry oxygen to vital organs & tissues leading to blood to vital organs & tissues leading to blood

circulatory circulatory diseases.diseases.

The survival advantage only exists in regions where malaria is pThe survival advantage only exists in regions where malaria is presentresent

and in the western world where malaria is virtually absent, the and in the western world where malaria is virtually absent, the average average

lifespan of a person with Sicklelifespan of a person with Sickle--Cell Anemia is 42 years for men and 48 Cell Anemia is 42 years for men and 48

years for women although some have lived past their 60years for women although some have lived past their 60’’s.s.

Note that individuals with only one copy of the defunct gene disNote that individuals with only one copy of the defunct gene display play

both normal and abnormal hemoglobin and have what is called both normal and abnormal hemoglobin and have what is called ““Sickle Sickle

Cell TraitCell Trait”” and do not suffer the same health issues but are not as and do not suffer the same health issues but are not as

resistant to malaria.resistant to malaria.

What is Observed by Science?

•• Mutations Mutations breakdownbreakdown and and corruptcorrupt existing existing

genetic order.genetic order.

•• Mutations Mutations eliminate and decrease eliminate and decrease

informationinformation in the gene pool.in the gene pool.

•• Mutations leave an organism Mutations leave an organism less likely to less likely to

survivesurvive..

No Real Mechanisms for Darwinism!No Real Mechanisms for Darwinism!

NaturalNatural

SelectionSelectionMutationsMutations

DarwinismDarwinism

Conflicts with Conflicts with

Scientific FactsScientific Facts

Darwin Recognized Two Major WeaknessesDarwin Recognized Two Major Weaknessesin His Theoryin His Theory……But Discounted Any EvidenceBut Discounted Any Evidence

•• Darwin makes two startling statements in his Darwin makes two startling statements in his book, book, Origin of SpeciesOrigin of Species::

But Are There Such Examples?But Are There Such Examples?——Yes!Yes!((And Darwin Did Not Look Very HardAnd Darwin Did Not Look Very Hard))

“If it could be proved that any part of the structure of one species had been formed for the exclusive good of another species, it would annihilate my theory, for such could not have been produced through natural selection…………Although many statements may be found in works on natural history to this effect, I cannot find even one which seems to me of any weight”

“If it could be demonstrated that any complex organ existed whichcould not possibly have been formed by numerous, successive, slight modifications, my theory would absolutely breakdown……………But I can find out no such case”

This is referred to asThis is referred to as ““symbiosissymbiosis”” and occurs frequently.and occurs frequently.

The tobacco plant The tobacco plant NicotianaNicotiana attenuataattenuata releases volatile releases volatile

organic compounds after herbivore attack by organic compounds after herbivore attack by ManducaManduca

(tobacco hornworm) caterpillars. These organic compounds (tobacco hornworm) caterpillars. These organic compounds

attract other insect predators that eat the eggs deposited by attract other insect predators that eat the eggs deposited by

hornwormhornworm’’s on the leaves thus reducing the hornworms on the leaves thus reducing the hornworm’’s s

population and greatly reducing further damage to the plant.population and greatly reducing further damage to the plant.

Defensive Function of HerbivoreDefensive Function of Herbivore--Induced Plant Volatile EmissionsInduced Plant Volatile Emissions

in in NatureNature; Jan. 2001.; Jan. 2001.

Tobacco PlantTobacco Plant--HornwormHornwormSymbiosisSymbiosis

A nonA non--creationist laments:creationist laments:…….no stage or aspect of this physical process no stage or aspect of this physical process

can be accounted for or even guessed at with our can be accounted for or even guessed at with our

current knowledge of chemistry, physics, current knowledge of chemistry, physics,

genetics, or molecular biology, extensive thoughgenetics, or molecular biology, extensive though

they are. It is they are. It is

completely beyond us. completely beyond us.

We know practically We know practically

nothing about the plan nothing about the plan

or program governing or program governing

the metamorphosis, or the metamorphosis, or

the organizing agency the organizing agency

that executes this plan.that executes this plan.

Milton, R., Milton, R., Shattering Shattering

the Myths of Darwinismthe Myths of Darwinism,,

Park St. Press, 1992, p. Park St. Press, 1992, p.

220.220.

Butterfly Evolution?!Butterfly Evolution?!

The Real The Real ““Butterfly EffectButterfly Effect””

•• Butterfly MetamorphosisButterfly Metamorphosis is the closest thing to is the closest thing to Darwinian evolution, but it is Darwinian evolution, but it is ““prepre--programmed programmed and takes place in weeksand takes place in weeks——not millionsnot millions of years!of years!

God of Wonders God of Wonders ©©Eternal ProductionsEternal Productions

•• Butterfly ScalesButterfly Scales——a marvel of intelligent design.a marvel of intelligent design.

The Enigma of Butterflies for EvolutionThe Enigma of Butterflies for Evolution

�� As Darwin noted in the As Darwin noted in the Origin of Species,Origin of Species, the abrupt emergence of the abrupt emergence of

arthropods in the fossil record during the Cambrian presents a parthropods in the fossil record during the Cambrian presents a problem roblem

for evolutionary biology. There are no obvious simpler or intermfor evolutionary biology. There are no obvious simpler or intermediate ediate

formsforms——either living or in the fossil recordeither living or in the fossil record——that show convincingly how that show convincingly how

modern arthropods evolved from wormmodern arthropods evolved from worm--like ancestors. Consequently like ancestors. Consequently

there has been a wealth of speculation and contention about there has been a wealth of speculation and contention about

relationships between the arthropod lineages. relationships between the arthropod lineages. ---- Osorio, Bacon & Osorio, Bacon &

Whitington, Whitington, American ScientistAmerican Scientist (vol. 85, May/June 1997), p. 244.(vol. 85, May/June 1997), p. 244.

�� The wing The wing may havemay have evolved as a flapevolved as a flap--like extension of the dorsal like extension of the dorsal

upper leg, according to upper leg, according to KukalovaKukalova--Peck, and hence Peck, and hence may havemay have been been

articulated and movearticulated and move--able from the able from the startstart. . ---- GerhartGerhart & & KirschnerKirschner, , Cells, Cells,

Embryos, and Evolution,Embryos, and Evolution, Blackwell Science, 1997, p. 555.Blackwell Science, 1997, p. 555.

Metamorphosis to the adult stage is nothing less than a biologicMetamorphosis to the adult stage is nothing less than a biological al

miracle. Complex molecules called enzymes are released that litemiracle. Complex molecules called enzymes are released that literally rally

digest the caterpillar while it is ensconced in the chrysalis, cdigest the caterpillar while it is ensconced in the chrysalis, converting onverting

it into a rich soup of disjointed tissues and cellsit into a rich soup of disjointed tissues and cells——which after four which after four

days becomes an adult butterfly. But how? Detailed metamorphosisdays becomes an adult butterfly. But how? Detailed metamorphosis

studies done on different insect species shows only that the waystudies done on different insect species shows only that the ways s

organ systems are formed are quite varied. This is not what evolorgan systems are formed are quite varied. This is not what evolution ution

would predict.would predict.

The Bombardier BeetleThe Bombardier Beetle

Explosion sac

Ectodermalglands

Catalase

95 ºC

4000 Hz Pulses

Attack by predator

Natural Selection would allow one-

time mistakes which would END the

evolutionary process

Bombardier Beetle in ActionBombardier Beetle in Action

NatureNature’’s Chemical Weapons s Chemical Weapons ©©Nova PBSNova PBS

The Problem of The Problem of InsectInsect Camouflage for EvolutionCamouflage for Evolution

There is no coherent, selfThere is no coherent, self--consistent evolutionary consistent evolutionary process that can account for process that can account for the existence of these designs. the existence of these designs.

How would an evolving insect How would an evolving insect ““knowknow”” ahead of time what it ahead of time what it needed to evolve into since needed to evolve into since the plants and trees were the plants and trees were presumably evolving at a presumably evolving at a different time, place and rate?different time, place and rate?

Orchid Mantis

Walking Stick

The Problem of The Problem of VertebrateVertebrate Camouflage for EvolutionCamouflage for Evolution

There is no coherent, selfThere is no coherent, self--consistent evolutionary process that can consistent evolutionary process that can account for the existence of these designs. account for the existence of these designs.

How would an evolving animal How would an evolving animal ““know" ahead of time what it needed to know" ahead of time what it needed to evolve into since the plants and trees were presumably evolvingevolve into since the plants and trees were presumably evolving at a at a different time, place and rate?different time, place and rate?

Great Gray OwlSolomon Island Leaf Frog

Leaf Tailed Gecko

Many fish have markings, colorings and appendages Many fish have markings, colorings and appendages

that make them appear larger and more intimidating that make them appear larger and more intimidating

than they actually are. The markings are not randomly than they actually are. The markings are not randomly

placed, but are located at specific places to produce placed, but are located at specific places to produce

symmetric, realistic looking features mimicking symmetric, realistic looking features mimicking otherother

fish and plants. This information must be fish and plants. This information must be ““built intobuilt into””

the DNA!the DNA!

The Problem of Fish Camouflage for EvolutionThe Problem of Fish Camouflage for Evolution

Natural Selection Cannot Select From Genetic

Information That Does Not Exist

The The ‘‘Leafy Sea DragonLeafy Sea Dragon’’

seahorse has numerous seahorse has numerous

and elaborate appendages and elaborate appendages

that make it look like that make it look like

seaweed or some other seaweed or some other

underwater plant. However, underwater plant. However,

Natural Selection fails to Natural Selection fails to

explain how this could explain how this could

happen if seaweed was happen if seaweed was

presumably evolving at a presumably evolving at a

different time and/or ratedifferent time and/or rate..

Leafy Sea DragonLeafy Sea Dragon

The Enigma of Fish Camouflage for EvolutionThe Enigma of Fish Camouflage for Evolution

Natural Selection Cannot Select from Genetic Information That Does Not Exist!

The Bigger Problem of Mollusk The Bigger Problem of Mollusk

Camouflage for EvolutionCamouflage for Evolution

Some Marine Life have the ability of Some Marine Life have the ability of

““adaptivelyadaptively”” changing their camouflage!changing their camouflage!

God of Wonders God of Wonders ©©Eternal ProductionsEternal Productions

Marvels of Marine Marvels of Marine Life EngineeringLife Engineering

““BioBio--mimicrymimicry”” Used to Improve TechnologyUsed to Improve Technology

NOTE: The train’s design is based on the Kingfisher’s design!

• Japanese electric trains attain speeds of 200+ mph.

• Inside tunnels, the high speed compresses air in front of the engine. Upon exiting the tunnel the compressed air in front of the train creates a “tunnel boom”, similar to a

“sonic boom”, rattling nearby windows waking people & startling animals

• From its perch on a branch, a Kingfisher bird will dive straight down into water at a

relatively high rate of speed, with very little splash — the envy of any Olympic diver!

• Wind tunnel experiments verified that the Kingfisher's bill and head is ideally shaped for a smooth, streamlined transition from air into water. This drastic change in pressure is

similar to the change a bullet train experiences when emerging from a tunnel into the open air.

• As a result of such studies the front ends of many Japanese bullet trains have been redesigned to mimic the shape of the Kingfisher's bill.

• As a result, sound is greatly diminished when they exit tunnels and overall train

vibration is lessened. As an added bonus, the streamlined design reduces total energy consumption by 15 percent. Even the recessed headlights of the train engines are

modeled after the nostrils of the Kingfisher.

Bat Echolocation Defies EvolutionBat Echolocation Defies EvolutionSpectrogram of Pipistrellus Bat vocalizations. Detail is shown as the pulses transition to a faster repetition rate. The bat appears to use a hybrid pulse which combines a sharp falling frequency chirp with an extended constant frequency tail. Such a waveform may offer combined benefits of range estimation as well as Doppler shift detection. (Spectrogram generated with Fatpigdog's PC based Real Time FFT Spectrum Analyzer).

A depiction of the ultrasound signals emitted by a bat, and the echo received in each ear from a nearby object.

Doppler shifted frequencies compensate for bat’s speed & closing distance…

…optimizing accuracy of intercept.

NOTE: Doppler Radar is used for more accurate weather prediction—God designed it thousands of years ago!

The Enigma of The Enigma of ““BioBio--mimicrymimicry””

Janine Benyus1, a natural resource manager, concludes; "We are surrounded by genius”.

What is ironic is that as a naturalist she would be quick to addthat this “genius" and innovation is the result of what 100's of millions of years of evolution can accomplish.

However, contrary to the expectations of the Darwinian model, the fossil record does not show ANY evidence of the assumed stages of "intermediate" designs or the failed attempts at inadequate adaptations required to accomplish the necessary transitions. There are no conclusive "missing links"! Instead all creatures, living and in the past, appear suddenly in the fossil record, are no different than modern specimens and from the beginning show signs of deliberate design.

1Janine M. Benyus (born 1958 in New Jersey) is an American natural sciences writer, innovation consultant and author. As quoted by S. Fornoff, “Nature May Offer Vital Clues on Rebuilding New Orleans”. San Francisco Chronicle online, September 14, 2005.

Intelligent DesignIntelligent Design

Irreducible ComplexityIrreducible Complexity

Information TheoryInformation Theory

Ridiculous Rationalization

“Biology is the study of complicated things that give the

appearance of having been designed for a purpose.”—Prof.

Richard Dawkins, Oxford Zoologist; The Blind Watchmaker,

Penguin Books 1991 (1986); p. 1.

To which Philip Johnson* replies:

“If you are going to teach the Darwinist view that organisms

may look like they were designed but weren’t, then you have

to allow for the possibility that they look like they were

designed because they were designed…”—Darwin On Trial,

Intervarsity Press 1991.

*Graduate of Harvard and University of Chicago. Law clerk for Chief Justice Warren and has taught law over twenty-five years at the University of California at Berkeley.

Is Design an Illusion or is it Real?Is Design an Illusion or is it Real?How Do We KnowHow Do We Know??

““Random ProcessRandom Process”” vs. vs. ““Information ContentInformation Content””

““It is the sheer universality of perfection, the fact It is the sheer universality of perfection, the fact

that everywhere we look, we find an elegance and that everywhere we look, we find an elegance and

ingenuity of an absolutely transcending quality, ingenuity of an absolutely transcending quality,

which so mitigates against the idea of chancewhich so mitigates against the idea of chance””. .

““In practically every field of fundamental In practically every field of fundamental

biological research everbiological research ever--increasing levels of increasing levels of

design and complexity are being revealed at an design and complexity are being revealed at an

everever--accelerating rate.accelerating rate.””

––Microbiologist Michael Denton, Ph.D., from Microbiologist Michael Denton, Ph.D., from Evolution: Evolution:

A Theory in CrisisA Theory in Crisis (1986) who is a secular scientist.(1986) who is a secular scientist.

Design Design ““PerfectionPerfection””

IrreducibleIrreducible ComplexityComplexity

•• PhotosynthesisPhotosynthesis

•• Blood Clotting VisionBlood Clotting Vision

•• Nervous System & BrainNervous System & Brain

•• Wings & Feathers of a BirdWings & Feathers of a Bird

•• Insect MetamorphosisInsect Metamorphosis

““The limit of specified complexity {The limit of specified complexity {information information contentcontent} in an organism that precludes or } in an organism that precludes or eliminates chance from its formationeliminates chance from its formation””..

Some Examples of Irreducible ComplexitySome Examples of Irreducible Complexity

Applications of Information Theory

•• Forensic ScienceForensic Science——usesuses the concept of the concept of

““intelligent causeintelligent cause”” to determine if a death was the to determine if a death was the

result of result of ““naturalnatural”” causes or deliberate causes or deliberate

““intelligentintelligent”” action.action.

•• ArcheologyArcheology——uses comparative tests to uses comparative tests to

determine if an object is the result of random determine if an object is the result of random

weathering or intelligent manufacture.weathering or intelligent manufacture.

•• CryptographyCryptography——uses advanced algorithms to uses advanced algorithms to

determine if scrambled letters are a random determine if scrambled letters are a random

sequence or intelligent message.sequence or intelligent message.

Theory of Macro-Evolution Has Serious……

•• French mathematician, Emile French mathematician, Emile BorelBorel, has proposed , has proposed 1010--5050 as as

a a ““universal probability bound" below which design by universal probability bound" below which design by

chance could definitely be ruled out.chance could definitely be ruled out. {{Probabilities and LifeProbabilities and Life, ,

Emile Emile BorelBorel, trans. M. , trans. M. BaudinBaudin, New York Dover Press, 1962, p. 28, New York Dover Press, 1962, p. 28}}

•• Henry M. Morris calculatedHenry M. Morris calculated 1010--110110 as this limit.as this limit. {{King of King of

CreationCreation, H. M. Morris, San Diego, CLP Publishers, 1980, pp. 130, H. M. Morris, San Diego, CLP Publishers, 1980, pp. 130--131131}}

•• William William DembskiDembski usesuses 1010--150150 based on the total number of based on the total number of

conceivable specified events throughout cosmic history. conceivable specified events throughout cosmic history.

This translates into 500 bits of information!This translates into 500 bits of information! {{Intelligent Intelligent

DesignDesign, William , William DembskiDembski, , InterVarsityInterVarsity Press, 1999, p. 166Press, 1999, p. 166}}

Informational Impossibilities

• Probability of Protein Chain with 200 Amino AcidsProbability of Protein Chain with 200 Amino Acids{Less than average length} = 10-260

• Probability of Protein EnzymeProbability of Protein Enzyme = 1010--123123

•• Probability of Hemoglobin Molecule = 10Probability of Hemoglobin Molecule = 10--165165

Human Artery Is An Engineering Marvel

Incredible Complexity: Retina of Human EyeIncredible Complexity: Retina of Human Eye

““To suppose that the eye with all its inimitable contrivances forTo suppose that the eye with all its inimitable contrivances foradjusting the focus to different distances, for admitting differadjusting the focus to different distances, for admitting different ent amounts of light, and for the correction of spherical and chromaamounts of light, and for the correction of spherical and chromatic tic aberration, could have been formed by Natural Selection, seems, aberration, could have been formed by Natural Selection, seems, I I freely confess, absurd in the highest degree.freely confess, absurd in the highest degree.””

−−−−−−−− Charles Darwin, Charles Darwin, Origin of SpeciesOrigin of Species, Chapter 6., Chapter 6.

““While todayWhile today’’s digital hardware is extremely impressive, it is s digital hardware is extremely impressive, it is

clear that the human retinaclear that the human retina’’s reals real--time performance goes time performance goes

unchallengedunchallenged””..

““Actually, to simulate 10millisec of the complete processing of aActually, to simulate 10millisec of the complete processing of a

single nerve cell from the retina would require the solution of single nerve cell from the retina would require the solution of

about 500 simultaneous, nonabout 500 simultaneous, non--linear differential equations 100 linear differential equations 100

times and would take at least several minutes of processing timetimes and would take at least several minutes of processing time

on a Cray superon a Cray super--computer!computer!””

““Keeping in mind that there are 10 million or more of such cells Keeping in mind that there are 10 million or more of such cells

in each eye interacting with each other in complex ways in each eye interacting with each other in complex ways

(feedback loops) it would take a minimum of hundred years of (feedback loops) it would take a minimum of hundred years of

Cray SuperCray Super--computer time to simulate what takes place in your computer time to simulate what takes place in your

eyes many times every second.eyes many times every second.””

——John Stevens, Computer Scientist, John Stevens, Computer Scientist, Byte MagazineByte Magazine..

Incredible Processing Power Incredible Processing Power of Human Sightof Human Sight

Schematic Diagram of E. Coli Bacterium

Flagella

E. Coli

Sensitive to

Ultraviolet light and will engage

in avoidance maneuvering.

Chemical

E. Coli Bacterium Flagellum Mechanism

M ring

S ring

P ring

L ring

Uses chemical ionic transfer (acid) to power rotation of flagellum at up to 25,000 RPM. Details being researched. {Proton (H+) Powered Reversible Motor}.

E. Coli Bacterium Flagellum Mechanism

Uses an acidic chemical reaction to power rotation of flagellum at up to 25,000 RPM. Details being researched. {Proton Ion (H+) Powered Reversible Motor}.

From Darwin’s Black Box, M.J. Behe, (1998), p. 71.

� Uses chemical ionic transfer to power rotation at up to 25,000 RPM

� Sensitive to Ultraviolet light and will engage in avoidance maneuver

� DNA has incredible information storage capacity that manmade devices that even nanotechnology can’t come close to.

� A single strand of DNA is thousands of times thinner than a strand of human hair.

� One pinhead of DNA could hold enough information to fill 500 stacks of books stretching from the earth to the moon.

Amazing DNA Information StorageAmazing DNA Information Storage

Both Intelligently Created

� Interestingly, any two humans are 99% identical at the genetic level. A mere 1% makes up the many differences we see among people throughout the entire world.

� Even if two beings have a copy of the exact same DNA, they are still unique individuals.

� For example, even though identical twin babies have 100% identical DNA, they have different fingerprints. So the Creator makes it clear that the source of our individuality is not just coded into DNA.

� DNA is wound into tight coils but cells can quickly access, copy, and translate the information stored in DNA.

� DNA even has a built-in proofreader and spell-checker that ensure precise copying. Only about one mistake slips through forevery 10 billion nucleotides that are copied.

� We’re not just a bucket of molecules, but we are unique persons with souls, given to us by Jesus Christ, the Author of life.

Designed Features of DNADesigned Features of DNA

Protein Molecule Protein Molecule

ModelModel

““SimpleSimple”” Cell ?Cell ?

Information TheoryInformation Theory Stipulates Stipulates PrePre--Existent Existent ““BlueprintBlueprint”” For LifeFor Life

"The intuitive feeling that pure chance could never have achieve"The intuitive feeling that pure chance could never have achieved the degree of d the degree of

complexity and ingenuity so ubiquitous in nature has been a contcomplexity and ingenuity so ubiquitous in nature has been a continuing source inuing source

of skepticism ever since the publication of the of skepticism ever since the publication of the Origin of the Species,Origin of the Species, and and

throughout the past century there has always existed a significathroughout the past century there has always existed a significant minority of nt minority of

firstfirst--rate biologists who have never been able to bring themselves to rate biologists who have never been able to bring themselves to accept the accept the

validity of Darwinian claimsvalidity of Darwinian claims……....

Perhaps in no other area of modern biology is the challenge posePerhaps in no other area of modern biology is the challenge posed by the d by the

extreme complexity and ingenuity of biological adaptations more extreme complexity and ingenuity of biological adaptations more apparent than apparent than

in the fascinating new molecular world of the cell. . . . To grain the fascinating new molecular world of the cell. . . . To grasp the reality of life sp the reality of life

as it has been revealed by molecular biology, we must magnify a as it has been revealed by molecular biology, we must magnify a cell a thousand cell a thousand

million times until it is twenty kilometers in diameter and resemillion times until it is twenty kilometers in diameter and resembles a giant mbles a giant

airship large enough to cover a great city like London or New Yoairship large enough to cover a great city like London or New York.rk.

What we would then see would be an object of unparalleled compleWhat we would then see would be an object of unparalleled complexity and xity and

adaptive design. On the surface of the cell we would see millionadaptive design. On the surface of the cell we would see millions of openings, s of openings,

like the portlike the port--holes of a vast space ship, opening and closing to allow a contiholes of a vast space ship, opening and closing to allow a continual nual

stream of materials to flow in and out. If we were to enter one stream of materials to flow in and out. If we were to enter one of these openings of these openings

we would find ourselves in a world of supreme technology and bewwe would find ourselves in a world of supreme technology and bewildering ildering

complexity...complexity...

Amazing Cell ComplexityAmazing Cell Complexity

–Microbiologist Michael Denton, Ph.D., from Evolution: A Theory in Crisis (1986) who is a secular scientist.

Incredible Complexity of Protein Synthesis Incredible Complexity of Protein Synthesis

Reveals a Reveals a PrePre--Existent Existent ““BlueprintBlueprint”” For LifeFor Life

Unfortunately, Darwin did not have knowledge of DNA and the complex molecular processes taking place inside a cell; if so, he may have had second thoughts about advancing his theory!

““““I will praise You, for I am fearfully and wonderfully made; I will praise You, for I am fearfully and wonderfully made; I will praise You, for I am fearfully and wonderfully made; I will praise You, for I am fearfully and wonderfully made; marvelous are Your works, and that my soul knows very marvelous are Your works, and that my soul knows very marvelous are Your works, and that my soul knows very marvelous are Your works, and that my soul knows very well.well.well.well.”””” ————Psalms 139:14Psalms 139:14Psalms 139:14Psalms 139:14

Cellular Machines & Cellular Machines & Molecular GeneticsMolecular Genetics

Unlocking the Mystery of Life Unlocking the Mystery of Life ©©Illustra MediaIllustra Media

Science Affirms Design: Science Affirms Design:

Which Implies a CreatorWhich Implies a Creator

•• Natural SelectionNatural Selection: Eliminates or Conserves, : Eliminates or Conserves,

cannot create new genetic information.cannot create new genetic information.

•• Comparative BiologyComparative Biology: Organisms reproduce : Organisms reproduce

at the at the ““kindskinds”” level. Genetic information level. Genetic information

within within ““kindskinds”” bounded and limits breeding.bounded and limits breeding.

•• MicroevolutionMicroevolution: Variation within species : Variation within species

(agreement with (agreement with ““kindskinds”” defined in Genesis).defined in Genesis).

•• BiochemistryBiochemistry: No evidence of molecular or : No evidence of molecular or

cellular evolution {spontaneous generation}: cellular evolution {spontaneous generation}:

Biogenesis is the rule.Biogenesis is the rule.

•• PaleontologyPaleontology:: Fossil record is abrupt, Fossil record is abrupt,

sudden appearance of sudden appearance of ““kindskinds””. Stasis of . Stasis of

species, no changes. Extinction of species, species, no changes. Extinction of species,

not expansion of species is the trend.not expansion of species is the trend.

•• Information TheoryInformation Theory:: Complex sequencing of Complex sequencing of

even the simplest DNA protein could not even the simplest DNA protein could not

have have spontaneouslyspontaneously ordered itself.ordered itself.

•• MutationsMutations:: Mutations are nonMutations are non--productive productive

and rare, most are harmful. {Bacteria have and rare, most are harmful. {Bacteria have

the highest mutation rate of any organism, the highest mutation rate of any organism,

yet they remain virtually unchanged after yet they remain virtually unchanged after

supposed billions of years of evolution}.supposed billions of years of evolution}.

•• MathematicsMathematics::

–– Probabilities of macroProbabilities of macro--evolution based on evolution based on

random chance are infinitesimal.random chance are infinitesimal.

–– Probabilities of molecular evolution are Probabilities of molecular evolution are

nonnon--existent. {Canexistent. {Can’’t roll a t roll a ““77”” with just one with just one

die}.die}.

•• PhysicsPhysics:: First and Second Laws of First and Second Laws of

Thermodynamics (Thermodynamics (energy conservationenergy conservation

& & entropyentropy) prohibits macro) prohibits macro--evolution.evolution.

The Known Universe is Consistent The Known Universe is Consistent with the Attributes of the Biblical God.with the Attributes of the Biblical God.

• Space, Time and Matter Had A Beginning. If this is true, then the creator must have pre-existed and be independent of

space, time and matter & be able to control it. From our

perspective such a being would have to be allall--presentpresent or

omnipresent & transcendent.omnipresent & transcendent.

• The Law of Cause and Effect says that the “Effect” is always less than the “Cause”. The Creator is more powerful than all the

matter and energy in the universe. From our perspective such a being would have to be allall--powerfulpowerful or omnipotentomnipotent.

• To design complex systems like humans beings this creator would have to be very intelligent. All the Ph.D.’s and molecular

biologists in the world can’t do that. So anyone who can take

“dirt” and make human beings would have to be very smart. From our perspective such a being would have to be allall--

knowingknowing or omniscientomniscient..

““Darwinism is a creed not only with scientists Darwinism is a creed not only with scientists

committed to document the allcommitted to document the all--purpose role of purpose role of

natural selection. It is a creed with masses of natural selection. It is a creed with masses of

people who have at best a vague notion of the people who have at best a vague notion of the

mechanism of evolution as proposed by Darwin, mechanism of evolution as proposed by Darwin,

let alone as further complicated by his let alone as further complicated by his

successors. Clearly, the appeal cannot be that of successors. Clearly, the appeal cannot be that of

a scientific truth but of a philosophical belief a scientific truth but of a philosophical belief

which is not difficult to identify. Darwinism is a which is not difficult to identify. Darwinism is a

belief in the meaninglessness of existence."belief in the meaninglessness of existence."

Dr. R. Kirk, "Dr. R. Kirk, "The Rediscovery of CreationThe Rediscovery of Creation," in National ," in National

Review, (May 27, 1983), p. 641.Review, (May 27, 1983), p. 641.

An Honest Assessment of DarwinismAn Honest Assessment of Darwinism

What Can We Conclude?What Can We Conclude?

•• DarwinismDarwinism is is ‘‘FalseFalse’’ Knowledge Knowledge

and based on and based on ‘‘BadBad’’ ScienceScience

•• CreationismCreationism is is ‘‘TrueTrue’’ Knowledge Knowledge

and is based on and is based on ‘‘GoodGood’’ ScienceScience

““I had motives for not wanting the world to have a meaning. I had motives for not wanting the world to have a meaning. For myself, as no doubt for most of my contemporaries, the For myself, as no doubt for most of my contemporaries, the philosophy of meaninglessness was essentially an instrument philosophy of meaninglessness was essentially an instrument of liberation.of liberation.””

The liberation we desired was simultaneously liberation from The liberation we desired was simultaneously liberation from a certain system of morality. We objected to the morality, a certain system of morality. We objected to the morality, because it interfered with our sexual freedom. We objected to because it interfered with our sexual freedom. We objected to the political and economic system, because it was unjust. The the political and economic system, because it was unjust. The supporters of these systems claim that in some way they supporters of these systems claim that in some way they embodied the meaningembodied the meaning——a Christian meaning, they insisted of a Christian meaning, they insisted of the world.the world.””

““There was one admirably simple method of confusing these There was one admirably simple method of confusing these people and at the same time justify ourselves in our political people and at the same time justify ourselves in our political and erotic revolt. We could deny that the world had any and erotic revolt. We could deny that the world had any meaning whatsoever.meaning whatsoever.””

−− AldousAldous Huxley [1894Huxley [1894--1963], 1963], Ends and MeansEnds and Means (1937)(1937)..

Evolution: Science or Excuse for ImmoralityEvolution: Science or Excuse for Immorality

““The fool has said in his heart, "There is no God." They are The fool has said in his heart, "There is no God." They are corrupt, they have done abominable works, there is none corrupt, they have done abominable works, there is none who does good. The LORD looks down from heaven upon who does good. The LORD looks down from heaven upon the children of men, to see if there are any who understand, the children of men, to see if there are any who understand, who seek God. They have all turned aside, they have who seek God. They have all turned aside, they have together become corrupt; there is none who does good, no, together become corrupt; there is none who does good, no, not onenot one””..——Psalms 14:1Psalms 14:1--33

Back to RealityBack to Reality

““You turn things upside down, as if the potter were thought You turn things upside down, as if the potter were thought

to be like the clay. Shall what is formed say to him who to be like the clay. Shall what is formed say to him who

formed it, formed it, ““He did not make meHe did not make me””? Can the pot say of the ? Can the pot say of the

potter, potter, ““He knows nothingHe knows nothing””??——Isaiah 29:16Isaiah 29:16

So WhatSo What’’s At the Heart of Darwinism?s At the Heart of Darwinism?•• If Darwinian EvolutionIf Darwinian Evolution………………..

�� does not make logical sensedoes not make logical sense

�� is not supported by scientific evidenceis not supported by scientific evidence

�� is scientifically bankrupt is scientifically bankrupt

……..then why is it still so fervently believed & ..then why is it still so fervently believed & promoted?promoted?AnswerAnswer::

•• Darwinism is the foundation of the Darwinism is the foundation of the religion of religion of HumanismHumanism——defined as the religion of the atheistdefined as the religion of the atheist**..

•• Darwinism allows the atheist to have a Darwinism allows the atheist to have a ‘‘sophisticated excusesophisticated excuse’’ for not believing in a God.for not believing in a God.

•• Darwinism allows a person to engage in an Darwinism allows a person to engage in an immoral lifestyle immoral lifestyle without without perceivedperceived accountabilityaccountabilityto divine authority. to divine authority.

* United States Supreme Court, * United States Supreme Court, TorcasoTorcaso vsvs Watkins (1961)Watkins (1961)

•• Darwinian evolution is nothing more than:Darwinian evolution is nothing more than:

�� Wishful thinkingWishful thinking

�� SelfSelf--delusiondelusion

�� An elaborate hoax being selfAn elaborate hoax being self--perpetuated perpetuated

by a powerful interest groupby a powerful interest group——HumanistsHumanists..

Darwinian Evolution doesn’t appear to be such a proven scientific fact after all!

At the At the ““End of the DayEnd of the Day””

•• Darwinian evolution is nothing more than:Darwinian evolution is nothing more than:

�� Wishful thinkingWishful thinking

�� SelfSelf--delusiondelusion

�� An elaborate hoax being selfAn elaborate hoax being self--perpetuated by perpetuated by

a powerful interest groupa powerful interest group——HumanistsHumanists..

At The At The ‘‘End of the DayEnd of the Day’’

Darwinian Evolution doesn’t appear to be such a proven scientific fact after all!

So How is Such A Scientifically Bankrupt Theory Sustained?

•• By powerful secular media organizations like PBSBy powerful secular media organizations like PBS--TV which promote the Humanist agenda in a TV which promote the Humanist agenda in a popular but deceptive format.popular but deceptive format.

•• Almost limitless resources by billionaire financers Almost limitless resources by billionaire financers who benefit from the Humanist agenda.who benefit from the Humanist agenda.

•• Popular magazines:Popular magazines:

•• Scientific AmericanScientific American which is run by nonwhich is run by non--professional professional scientists and is not peerscientists and is not peer--reviewed.reviewed.

•• National GeographicNational Geographic which proactively promotes which proactively promotes Humanistic philosophy and lifestyle.Humanistic philosophy and lifestyle.

•• Science and technology agencies such as NASA Science and technology agencies such as NASA and JPL.and JPL.

•• Powerful secular educational organizations such Powerful secular educational organizations such as The National Science Foundation.as The National Science Foundation.

SoSo……What is the Real Issue?What is the Real Issue?Dr. George Wald was professor Emeritus of Biochemistry at

Harvard University and shared the Nobel prize in that field in

1967. He has written,

“There are only two possibilities as to how life arose. One is

spontaneous generation arising to evolution, the other is a

supernatural creative act of God. There is no third possibility.

Spontaneous generation, that life arose from non-living matter

was scientifically disproven 120 years ago by Louis Pasteur and

others. That leaves us with only one possible conclusion: that life

arose as a supernatural creative act of God. I will not accept that

philosophically because I do not want to believe in God.

Therefore, I choose to believe in that which I know is

scientifically impossible–spontaneous generation arising to

evolution.”—Scientific American, August 1954, p. 46.

Dogmatic adherence to Darwinism reveals a Dogmatic adherence to Darwinism reveals a blind faithblind faith..

Vain Spiritual ConditionVain Spiritual Condition

““because, because, although they knew Godalthough they knew God, they , they

did not glorifydid not glorify Him as God, Him as God, nor were nor were

thankfulthankful, but became , but became futile in their futile in their

thoughtsthoughts (imaginations), and (imaginations), and their foolish their foolish

hearts were darkenedhearts were darkened..””——Romans 1:21.Romans 1:21.

Answer:Answer:

““What is the greatest scientific What is the greatest scientific

hoax ever perpetrated on hoax ever perpetrated on

mankind?"mankind?"

Final Jeopardy AnswerFinal Jeopardy Answer

DarwinianDarwinian

EvolutionEvolution

The heavens declare the glory of God; and the The heavens declare the glory of God; and the firmament shows His handiwork. Day to day utters firmament shows His handiwork. Day to day utters speech, and night to night reveals knowledge. There is speech, and night to night reveals knowledge. There is no speech nor language where their voice is not heard. no speech nor language where their voice is not heard. Their line has gone out through all the earth, and their Their line has gone out through all the earth, and their words to the end of the world.words to the end of the world.——Psalms 19:1Psalms 19:1--44

By faith we understand that the worlds were framed by By faith we understand that the worlds were framed by

the word of God, so that the things which are seen were the word of God, so that the things which are seen were

not made of things which are visible.not made of things which are visible.——Hebrews 11:3Hebrews 11:3

The Conclusion of the MatterThe Conclusion of the Matter

““You, LORD, in the beginning laid the foundation of You, LORD, in the beginning laid the foundation of the earth, and the heavens are the works of your hands.the earth, and the heavens are the works of your hands.””

——Hebrews 1:10Hebrews 1:10

What About?What About?

•• The Fossil Record & The Fossil Record & ““Missing LinksMissing Links””

•• Supposed Supposed ““Cave menCave men””

•• Life in a Life in a ‘‘Test TubeTest Tube’’ & the & the ‘‘Primordial OozePrimordial Ooze’’??

•• Age Dating of Rocks & the Age Dating of Rocks & the Age of the Earth?Age of the Earth?

We tackle those issues in the next two We tackle those issues in the next two sessions: Creation 201 and 301sessions: Creation 201 and 301