Upload
clemence-carroll
View
216
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
What new type of building allowed for greater population
density in the late 1800s?
The skyscraper (e.g. Flatiron Building)
What new transportation method fueled the growth of
suburbs in the late 1800s?
Electric trolley cars and commuter RR lines
What movement sought to help recent immigrants fit in to American society by working
with them to improve everything from their hygiene
to language skills?
Americanization
What group started a major political movement focused on
reducing the power of monopolies (especially the
RRs) and increasing the monetary supply?
The Populists
What allowed for development of parks, efficient
transportation, and more even distribution of population and
services?
city planning
What two developments fueled the growth of the
modern press?
New printing techniques (high speed presses) and the
revolution in Photography (Eastman's flexible film)
Between 1865 & 1895, what did most states begin requiring for children
between the ages of 8-14?
12-16 weeks of school annually
What type of education grew as business demanded greater
technical and managerial expertise? What happened to
college enrollment between 1880-1920?
High schools, It quadrupled
How much access did Blacks and recent
immigrants have to public education?
Very little for blacks (segregation), plenty for
immigrants (Americanization)
What two approaches were taken by Washington and DuBois to try and provide
higher education for Blacks?
Washington: Tuskegee Institute to try and build economic
prosperity, DuBois: Niagara Movement pushing Blacks toward liberal arts degrees
Name two methods used to keep Blacks from voting in the South between 1865-
1965.
Poll taxes, literacy tests, and grandfather clauses
What Supreme Court case established the doctrine of “separate but equal” legal
segregation?
Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)
How did Southern whites often respond when Blacks refused to follow the racial
norms?
Violence, especially lynching
What group provided a great deal of the difficult
manual labor in the Southwest? How were they
treated?
Immigrants from Mexico, paid less – sometimes wound up
in debt peonage
What ethnic group was often segregated and restricted on the west
coast?
Chinese Immigrants (Chinese Exclusion Act)
What economic development allowed for
the development of leisure activities in the U.S.?
The growth of the middle class, and the eight hour
work day
Name two types of new leisure activities. What quickly
became one of America’s most popular spectator sports in the
late 1800s?
Spectator sports, amusement parks, sports like bicycling
and tennis; Baseball
How did Hearst and Pulitzer contribute to the growth of
mass culture in the late 1800s?
Building huge networks of major daily newspapers
Identify three new ways of selling goods that emerged
in the late 1800s.
Shopping centers, department stores, chain stores, modern
advertising, catalog sales (and RFD)
Generally speaking, what kind of people were
Progressives?
Members of the middle class who wanted to solve society’s problems
because they feared revolution from below and the massive power
of the small wealthy elite
What was the “square deal?”
Teddy Roosevelt’s efforts to protect rights of
workers & common people
How was the 1902 Coal Strike a favorable turn for
organized labor?
Roosevelt forced the two sides to come together & negotiate instead
of siding with management (Government intervention when strike threatens public interest)
What is the NAWSA? What was its goal?
National Americans Women Suffrage Association, the
vote for women
Which amendment gave woman the right to vote?
When was it passed?
19th amendment, 1920
Who was the leader of the work for labor reform?
Florence Kelly
Identify two ways progressives tried to help
working people.
10 hour work day, end child labor, improved workplace
safety
What racist terrorist group formed in Tennessee after
the Civil War?
the Ku Klux Klan (KKK)
What was the purpose of the Sherman Anti-Trust Act?
Which 1914 law strengthened Sherman and
extended protection to workers and farm
organizations?
regulate trusts and monopolies, Clayton
Anti-Trust Act
Who founded the NAACP? What was it’s purpose?
W.E.B. DuBois, to gain greater political/social
equality for blacks
Which amendment outlawed the use of alcohol? What movement pushed for
this?
The 18th amendment, temperance
Which amendment provided direct election of Senators?
The 17th amendment
Name two things the Muckrakers exposed.
the Corruption in politicians, poor working/living conditions, unsafe
food/drugs, trusts/monopolies
What was the purpose of the Meat Inspections Act?
It insured that meats were prepared under proper
sanitary conditions
What party ran Teddy Roosevelt as its candidate & pushed for the 8 hour day,
workmen’s comp-ensation, and women’s suffrage?
Bull Moose Party (election of 1912)
What group wanted to set aside large pieces of land
for national parks?
Conservationists (John Muir)
Who started the “settlement house” movement to help care for poor women and
children?
Jane Addams
Name two steps taken by progressives to eliminate
political corruption.
recall, referendum, initiative, primaries
What kinds of steps did “reform mayors” take to
clean up their communities?
Works programs, government control of transportation &
utilities, open meetings
Identify two of President Wilson’s big financial
reforms.
Income Tax (16th Amendment), Federal
Reserve System, lower tariffs
Name two reasons why the U.S. was interested in expanding it’s imperial
power in the late 1800’s.
ports for naval ships, markets for manufactured goods,
cultural/religious superiority
What was the U.S.’ chief economic interest in
Hawaii?
Sugar cane and fruit plantations
Why was Queen Liliuokalani a threat? How was she
handled by the U.S.?
She wanted Hawaii for Hawaiians, business groups
staged a revolution - Cleveland put her back in power
What was the purpose of Hays’ Open Door Notes?
Prevent the European powers from carving China into
colonies (we feared being left out)
What did the Open Door Policy give us free reign to do? What military action did the United States take to make sure this
Policy stayed in place?
force China to trade with us, used US troops to squash
the Boxer Rebellion
Why did Spanish activities in Cuba attract American
attention? What media group increased public excitement
over a possible war with Spain?
Spanish General Weyler was brutally suppressing the
Cuban revolt led by Marti, Yellow journalists
What “manufactured” event drew the U.S. into the
Spanish American War?
the sinking of the USS Maine, an American battleship
In what two places did most of the fighting take place in the Spanish American War?
Who won?
Cuba and the Philippines, the U.S.
What debate started immediately after the
Spanish American War?
Whether it was appropriate for the U.S. to annex other
territories (such as Cuba and the Philippines)
How did the US eventually gain control of the
Philippines?
Annexed it, then used troops to put down a rebellion of
native Filipinos
How did the construction of Panama Canal affect our
relationship with Panama? How did the U.S. gain control of the
land?
made Panama a U.S. territory, staged a revolution to free territory from Colombian
control
What were two of the obstacles faced in
constructing the Panama Canal?
Disease, difficult engineering conditions, 5,000 worker
deaths
What were the primary benefits of the Panama
Canal?
Decreased shipping times and costs, greater access from our East coast to our west
coast and on to Asia (China & Japan)
What is the name for imperialism that is based on economic influence? Which
President is most closely associated with this?
Dollar Diplomacy, Taft
What was the point of the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine? What
kind of Diplomacy is this?
We will intervene when necessary in the western
hemisphere, Big Stick Diplomacy
Name two factors that led to WWI.
Alliances, military build up (industrialism), tension in the
Balkans, growing imperialism
What group of countries did the U.S. fight alongside in
WWI?
the Allies (GB, France, Russia)
What group formed the opposition to the Allies
during WWI?
Central Powers (Germany & A-H)
What was the purpose of the Selective Service Act?
help raise nearly 2 million troops for the American
Expeditionary Force (AEF)
What weapon did the Germans use to attack
allied ships and the British blockade?
U-Boat (first effective military use of submarine)
What two factors led to trench warfare during WWI?
old tactics (Napoleonic) combined with new weapons
(esp. machine gun, gas, barbed wire, etc.)
Name three of the conditions that made trench
warfare so miserable.
rats, high casualty rates, disease, stagnant water &
mud (trench foot), shellshock (PTSD), etc.
Name two new weapons that were used extensively
in trench warfare.
machine gun, poison gas, flamethrower, new high
powered artillery
Name two other new weapons used for the first
time in World War I.
submarine, tank, airplane
Why was it only a matter of time before the U.S. was
drawn into WWI?
we had become an imperial power, we were shipping war materials to Europe (esp. GB
& France)
Name the two events that helped pull the U.S. into the
WWI.
Lusitania (U-Boat Warfare) & Zimmerman Telegram (Germany encouraged Mexico to attack US)
What event allowed Germany to launch an all-out final offensive on the Western Front in 1918?
the Russian Revolution, which took Russia out of the war
What was the primary contribution of the AEF toward Allied victory?
helped hold off last big German attack, helped with big allied counter-attack that
led to German surrender
What was Wilson’s stated reason for entering WWI?
What kind of diplomacy was this an example of?
“Make the world safe for democracy.”; Moral
Diplomacy
Name 2 kinds of people who might have opposed U.S.
involvement in WWI.
pacifists, socialists, German immigrants, Irish immigrants
What law prevented “disloyal utterances” and speaking out against the
war?
Sedition Act
How did the Supreme Court rule on the Espionage and
Sedition acts?
they were constitutional - exceptional measures to
restrict rights are OK in war time (Schenck vs. US)
Name 2 gov’t agencies designed to make efficient use of our resources during
WWI.
War Industries Board, War Labor Board, Food
Administration
What monetary instrument did the U.S. gov’t use to
raise funds for WWI?
the Liberty (or Victory) Bond
What organization was responsible for producing U.S. propaganda during
WWI?
Committee on Public Information (CPI)
How did WWI provide greater opportunities for
women? What did this lead to?
Served in non-combat roles in military and took important
manufacturing jobs in wartime industry; won right
to vote shortly after war
What was the Great Migration?
Major demographic shift of African Americans out of the
South and into Northern cities where they took jobs in
wartime industries
What was Wilson’s Plan for Peace called? Which part of
it was most important to him? Why?
14 Points, League of Nations – he believed it would help
solve all future crises before they became wars
Name two key conditions of the Treaty of Versailles.
Germany responsible for WWI, pay big reparations, League
of Nations