3rd Generation WCDMA / UMTS

Wireless Network

WHAT IS W-CDMA

Wideband code division multiple access (W–CDMA) is a CDMA channel that is four times wider than the current channels that are typically used in 2G network’s in North America.

Route to 3G

1G: analog2G : 1st digital mobile telephony2.5G: transition from 2G to 3G3G standard: IMT 2000

THE EXPECTED GROWTH OF 3 G IN INDIA

India is seeing an unprecedented increase in the mobile users. According of one of the latest TRAI reports released in November 2008, the total number of mobile users in India has reached 325 million. In October 2008 alone, 10.42 million new subscribers added. These figures are bound to shoot up with the launch of 3G network.

3G: Overview

• International Mobile Telecommunications-2000

• 850, 900, 1800, 1900, 2100 MHz bands

• Introduces packet-switching (sharing)

• Increased security

• Typical speedso 300Kbps - 1.4Mbps downloado 100Kbps - 800Kbps upload 

• Streaming multimedia

W-cdma features

Combines a mobile phone, laptop PC and TVFeatures includes:- Phone calls/fax- Global roaming- Send/receive large email messages- High-speed WebNavigation/mapsVideoconferencing- TV streaming- Electronic agenda meeting reminder.Speed: 144kb/sec-2mb/secTime to download a 3min MP3 song: 11sec-1.5min

Evolution Paths

2.5G2G 3G

cdmaOneIS-95A

TDMA

cdmaOneIS-95B Cdma2000 1X

Cdma2000 1xEV-DV

Cdma2000 1xEV-DO

GSMGPRS

EDGE WCDMA

GSM Map Core Network

IS-41 Core Network

•W-CDMA also known as UMTS •CDMA2000 •TD-CDMA / TD-SCDMA •UWC (often implemented with EDGE) •DECT

STANDARDS USED IN THE 3G MOBILES ARE FOLLOWING

CDMA analogy

A room full of people speaking to each other.

Methods to distinguish conversations:

    Speaking one at a time: TDMA

    Speaking in different pitches: FDMA

    Speaking in different languages: CDMA

UMTS

• Developed by 3rd Generation Partnership Projects • Describes a network topology

o Builds on GSMo Adds additional functionalityo Complex network structure

• 3 physical layer (air interface) protocols o W-CDMAo TD-CDMAo TD-SCDMA

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Standardization of WCDMA / UMTS

Multiple Access Method DS-CDMA

Duplexing Method FDD/TDD

Base Station Synchronization

Channel Separation 5MHz

Chip Rate 3.84 Mcps

Frame Length 10 ms

Service Multiplexing Multiple Services with different QoS Requirements Multiplexed on one Connection

Multirate Concept Variable Spreading Factor and Multicode

Detection Coherent, using Pilot Symbols or Common Pilot

Multiuser Detection, Smart Antennas

Supported by Standard, Optional in Implementation

WCDMA Air Interface, Main Parameters

W-CDMA Overview

• Initially developed by NTT DoCoMo in the late 1990's as the 3G air interface for their FOMA networko Later added to the IMT-2000 family of standards o Chosen for UMTS

• Most widely used UMTS air interface• High service flexibility

o Variable data rateso Connections can use multiple channels

• Used as basis for HSPA family of protocols

W-CDMA Technical

• Uses the 1920-1980, 2110-2170 MHz frequency range• 'W' stands for wide band- 5MHz wide channels•  Full duplex

o Frequency Division Duplexing (FDD) o Time Division Duplexing (TDD)

• Uses CDMA protocol• Originally was capable of speeds of 2 Mbps• With HSPA, rates of 14.4 Mbps have been achieved• HSPA+ yields peak rates of 58 Mbps

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3G TD-SCDMAIn china, more than 8 millions GSM subscribers

were added in just 1 month.china’s desire to craft its own wireless vision.Chinese CATT and Siemens jointly submitted

IMT-2000 3G standard based on Time Division Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access

Relies on existing GSM infrastructure1.6 MHz channel and smart antennas to yield

more spectral efficiency.5 ms frames divided into 7 slots allocated to

single data only user or several slow usersTD-SCDMA allows easy upgrade to GSM.

High Speed Packet Access

• HSPA is built on W-CDMAo Software construct- requires minimal base station

upgrades o Provides much faster data rates 14.4 Mbps downlink and

5.8 Mbps uplinko System capacity increased 5x for downlink and 2x for

uplink • Stands for 2 different protocols

o HSDPA - downlinko HSUPA - uplink

• HSPA+o Evolved HSPA, 58 Mbps downlink 22 Mbps uplink

• Utilized by the iPhone

3G CapabilitiesVoice quality comparable to the public switched

telephone network144 Kbps- user in high-speed motor vehicles384 Kbps- pedestrians standing or moving slowly

over small areasUp to 2 Mbps- fixed applications like office useSymmetrical/asymmetrical data transmission ratesSupport for both packet switched and circuit switched

data services like Internet Protocol (IP) traffic and real time video

SERVICE PROVIDERS OF 3G IN INDIA

Some of the major mobile players in India are BSNL mobile, Airtel mobile, Reliance mobile and Tata mobile. At one time Aircel mobile was leading the market; however, it has now lost the market share to BSNL mobile, Airtel mobile and other leading mobile players.

ADVANTAGES OF 3G TECHNOLOGY

The Operations Utilizing the

TechnologyGetting InfoFaster Speed

On Price

Utilization

• AT&T utilizes HSPA which yields speeds upwards of 14.4 Mbps

• QUALCOMM companies utilize EV-DO which yields speeds of 3.1 Mbps

Features of W-CDMA

Key features of W-CDMA systems are a high degree of commonality of design worldwide, compatibility of services, use of small pocket terminals with worldwide roaming capability, Internet and other multimedia applications, and a wide range of services and terminals.

3G Multimedia Applications

Features of 3G that make it well suited for multimedia: • Always on data transfer• Multiple directional

  data transfer• IP datagrams• High data speeds

Conclusion

• Multimedia will continue to be more ubiquitous in mobile devices as time goes on

• To keep up with the improving multimedia technologies, data rates and mobile devices will need to evolve with it

• There will always be a desire for higher bandwidth

• Market is constantly evolving, 4G is only the next step

THANK’S