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What is the potential for a European multi-national cross-cohorts resource 23 June 2010
Jane Elliott
Centre for Longitudinal Studies
Sub-brand to go here
CLS is an ESRC Resource Centre based at the Institute of Education
OutlineWhat cross-cohort analysis is already taking place?
What are the existing infrastructures and networks?
What are the different models for a multi-national cross cohorts resource?
Questions for discussion
Existing & potential cross-cohort analysesComparison of cohorts born at different times in order to understand
more about:-
a) Social Change
b) Durability of individual responses under different conditions
Comparison of cohorts born in different places
- environment and health issues
- labour market context
- policy context
- demographic context
Pooling of data to increase power of analyses
3
British Birth Cohort Studies
Fully representative samples of the British populationBased on one week’s births - approximately 17,000 babies Followed up from birth into adulthoodFour British Birth Cohort Studies
• 1946 : National Survey of Health and Development (MRC funded)• 1958 : National Child Development Study• 1970 : British Cohort Study 1970• 2000/1: Millennium Cohort Study
1958 & 1970 Birth Cohorts
0
711
16
23
33
4246
0
5
10
16
2630
34
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010
Year
Ag
e
Cohort Comparisons
Life cycle effects
Source: Exploring Data (C. Marsh 1988) Figure 6.1 Unemployment as a problem in Britain: actual and perceivedSource: unemployed claimant count: Employment Gazette Decembet 1982 and May 1986. Percentage naming unemployment as most or second most urgent problem facing the country: Gallup Political Index monthly.
Proportion of women in paid employment, by age and cohort
Source: Jenny Neuburger - Paper presented at CLS June 2008
Examples of research that has used British Birth Cohort data within the life course framework
The consequences of parental divorce for children• ELY, M., RICHARDS, M.P.M., WADSWORTH, M.E.J. and ELLIOTT, B.J. (1999) Secular
changes in the association of parental divorce and children’s educational attainment – evidence from three British birth cohorts. Journal of Social Policy, 28(3), 437-455
Changing levels of social mobilityBLANDEN, J., GOODMAN, A., GREGG, P. and MACHIN, S. (2004) Changes in Intergenerational
Mobility in Britain. In Corak, M (ed), Generational Income Mobility in North America and Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Changes in women’s employment following childbirthJOSHI, H . and HINDE, P.R.A. (1993) Employment after childbearing in post-war Britain: Cohort-
study evidence on contrasts within and across generations. European Sociological Review, 9(3), 203-227
Cohabiting, marriage and fertility
STEELE, F., KALLIS, C., JOSHI, H. and GOLDSTEIN, H. (2007) Changes in the relationship between the outcomes of cohabiting partnerships and fertility among young British women: evidence from the 1958 and 1970 Birth Cohort Studies. CLS Working Paper 2007/4. London: Centre for Longitudinal Studies
What are the existing infrastructures and networks?Two contrasting examples – Eucconet and HALCyon
9
The European Child Cohort Network (EUCCONET)European Science Foundation Funding:- 5 years, from May 2008 to April
2013
Objectives• identifying cohort expertise in Europe; • sharing knowledge and experience with a broad range of
cohort experts, including from outside Europe, and establishing a forum for an easy accessible expertise on these issues in Europe;
• offering opportunities to go deeper on the cross-country comparison by sharing tools and questionnaires.
10
Healthy Ageing Across the Life Course (HALCyon)HALCyon brings together an interdisciplinary group of scientists
working on nine UK cohort studies to understand three aspects of healthy ageing: physical and cognitive capability; psychological and social wellbeing; and the underlying biology of ageing
Eight work packages will investigate how factors like early development, lifetime health, personality and nutrition, and geographical movements influence the process of healthy ageing
Funded under the New Dynamics of Ageing Programme – cross council Research Programme
11
Possible models for a multinational comparative cohort research resource (1)?Resource model:
Documentation emphasising common questions and themes
Data harmonisation
Single portal for information on all European cohort studies
Bibliography on existing cross-cohort research
Capacity building in cross national work
Descriptive materials and resources on historical/geographical/policy context
Opportunities for PIs of cohorts to meet and exchange information
Dedicated staff to facilitate the above and provide a resource to others
12
Possible models for a multinational comparative birth cohort research resource (2)?Science-led model:
Funding specifically for cross-cohort research projects
Documentation & data harmonisation arising from projects
Website to showcase programme of work
- links to cohort studies used
- papers and working papers on funded projects
13
Possible models for a multinational comparative birth cohort research resource (3)?Data collection model: European Cohort
Single centrally coordinated study
Federated studies (with a common core?)
Birth/pregnancy single cohort
Two or three cohorts starting at different ages
Science –led : specific hypotheses
Resource – led: Multipurpose resource
14
Adding infrastructure to data?
Scale of European cohort could add additional benefits/infrastructure
Development of new data collection technologies
CAPI testing
Documenting and subseting data
Collection of retrospective life history data
Instrument specification
Interviewer training and acreditation
Safe settings/methodologies for links to administrative and register data
Biological specimens – storage and retrieval15
Cohorts and Panels?
Cohort
Individual focus: larger sample more focussed data collection
Cradle to Grave: biomedical focus
Initial recruitment & retention
Triangulated data – teachers, medical examinations
16
Questions for discussion
What are the scientific gains to be made from a multinational comparative birth cohort research resource?
Should it focus exclusively on recent birth cohorts?
How might such a resource be structured?
What sort of resources are needed to create this?
17
Website
www.cls.ioe.ac.ukPlease register for regular updates
PMS NCDS1 NCDS2 NCDS3 NCDS4 NCDS5 NCDS6 Biomedical NCDS7 NCDS8(1958) (1965) (1969) (1974) (1981) (1991) (2000) (2002-3) (2004-5) (2008-9)Birth 7 11 16 23 33 42 44-45 46 50
17,733a 16,883 16,835 16,915 16,457 15,600 15,145 12,037 11,739 12,316
Mother — Parents — Parents — Parents
School — School — School
Tests — Tests — Tests Tests
Medical — Medical — Medical — Medical
Subject — Subject — Subject — Subject — Subject — Subject — Subject — Subject — Subject
Census — Census
Spouse/ Partner Biometric measures
Consents to linkage
MothercBlood samples
Children Saliva sample
17,415b 15,425 15,337 14,647 12,537 11,407 11,419 9,349 9,534 9,793
Notesa: Target sample - Excludes emigrants, refusals & deaths. Includes immigrants at NCDS1-3.b: Achieved sample - At least on survey instrument partially completedc: Mother - Could be Cohort Member or spouse/partner
NCDS Follow-ups and sources of information 1958-2010Original sample: all living in GB born in one week in 1958
Biographical interview