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Warm-up #4
▪Homogeneous: all looks the same (uniform)
▪Heterogeneous: can clearly see the different particles
Mixtures
▪What is a mixture?▪A substance made up of two or more types of particles that are NOT chemically bonded together
▪Can you separate the substances from each other?▪Yes!
Sedimentation
Mixture type : Heterogeneous
How it works:
▪With time, the particles separate because the denser particles will sink to the bottom
▪We call this the sediment
DecantationMixture type : Heterogeneous
How it works:
▪Remove a layer of liquid (usually one from which a precipitate has settled)▪Pour off the top layer of liquid
FiltrationMixture type : Heterogeneous
How it works:
▪A heterogeneous mixtures is passed through a filter in order to separate the solid component from the liquid▪Part left in filter = residue
▪Liquid that comes out the bottom = filtrate
Often used in combination with decantation
Centrifugation
Mixture type : Heterogeneous
How it works:
▪The mixture is spun very fast and the centripetal force causes the different components of the mixture to separate
SiftingMixture type : Heterogeneous
How it works:
▪Pass a solid mixture through a sieve to remove different sized particles
Distillation
Mixture type: *Homogeneous*
How it works:
▪Since boiling point is a characteristic property we can heat the mixture and cause one component (usually water) to evaporate leaving the other component behind (ex: salt)