What is structures in SAP? Different types of structures

Why do we need structures?Structures are required to represent statutory, regional andorganizational conditions in an organization.Allocation of employees to the structures is the first step forentering personal data.Allocation to structures also help to find out the following:o Where does the employee work?o Which position does the employee hold?o How many hours in a period does the employee work?o Which public holidays does an employee get?o How is the employee paid?

There are 3 types of structures in SAP1. Enterprise Structure2. Personnel Structure3. Organizational Structure

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For an employee , information about these three structures is stored in IT0001

Enterprise Structure

Below is a sample Enterprise Structure-

There are 4 main components of the enterprise  structure

1. Client2. Company Code3. Personnel Area4. Personnel Subarea

Lets look into them in detailCLIENT

It is an Independent legal and organizational unit of the system. A client generally is an entire corporategroup(example GE).It can be a identified by a 3 character alphanumeric code (like 058,AZZ)No data exchange can take place between clients (only in exceptional cases)An employee who changes from one client to another must be assigned a new personnel numberClient 000 is delivered by SAP and should not be changed.Your SAP system contains both client-independent (e.x. programs , transactions , reports) and client-specificelements.(hr master data , om master data)

COMPANY CODE

The company code is an independent company with its own accounting unit; a company that draws up itsown balance sheet (e.x. GE Chemicals , GE electric).Identified by a 4 character alphanumeric code (ex. 0001,AB01)

PERSONNEL AREAIt represents a subdivision of the company code (Ex GE Chemicals Australia , GE Chemicals UK)Identified by a 4 character alphanumeric code (ex. 0001,AB01)You have to assign unique personnel area to company codePersonnel Area  is used as selection criteria for evaluations and used in authorization checks

PERSONNEL SUBAREAIt represent a subdivision of the Personnel Area (Ex for GE Chemicals UK , valid personnel subareas could beGE Chemicals London , GE Chemicals Brussels)Identified by a 4 character alphanumeric code (ex. 0002,ABCD)Some important indicators set by the PSA include groupings for the following1. Default values for Pay scale area and Pay scale type2. Public Holiday calendar3. Appraisals4. Assigning of legal persons5. Default values for Basic Pay6. Grouping for wage types7. Assignment for tax-related corporate featuresCompany regulations (for HR) are defined at the Personnel subarea level. These regulations maybe legal,contractual or company-specific.

Personnel Structure

Personnel structure displays position of individual people in the enterprise as a whole.It comprises of1. Employee Groups2. Employee Subgroups.Examples: Active, Retiree, External

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EMPLOYEE GROUPEmployee Group is used to classify employees in general terms.It defines the position of the employee within the company's workforceIdentified by 1 character alphanumeric code (Ex 1 , A).Examples of different valid Employee Groups would be Active, Pensioners, ExternalEmployee Group  has the following important organizational functions1. Can be used to generate default values for data entry, example for payroll accounting area or an

employee's basic pay.2. Can be used as a selection criteria for reporting.3. Can be used as an entity for authorization checks.

EMPLOYEE SUB-GROUP (ESG)Employee Subgroups are subdivisions of Employee Groups.Each ESG is assigned a 2 character alphanumeric identifier ($$).Examples of valid ESGs for an Active employee would be Trainee, Hourly Wage Earner, Salaried Employee,Non-pay scale employeeEmployee regulations (for HR) are defined at the Employee Subgroup level.Some important indicators set by the ESG include groupings for the following1. Work Schedules2. Appraisals3. Grouping for Wage types4. Grouping for Collective agreement provision5. Processing of employee's payroll6. Assigning employee characteristics like activity status, employment status and level of training.7. Time quotas8. Payroll Area

Organizational Structure

Organizational Structure

It is based on Organizational plan.Organizational plan provides foundation of Organizational Management.An organization uses anorganizational plan to represent relationships between individual departments and workgroupsThe organizational plan uses elements called objects like Persons (P), Jobs (C), Positions (S), OrganizationalUnits (O), Cost Center (K) etc.There are interfaces present that help one to build Organizational Structures

Integration of OM and PAIntegration switch - PLOGI ORGA integrates PA (Personnel Administration) and OM (OrganizationalManagement).If integration between PA and OM exists, then on entering a position in Actions Infotype (0000), systemproposes values stored in OM for EG, ESG and PA.

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