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What is Structure Strategy? Why does it work?. Sometimes you read to enjoy a book. Sometimes you read to learn more and remember information . NARRATIVE. EXPOSITORY. What is Structure Strategy? Why does it work?. It helps you remember more of what you read by - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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What is Structure Strategy?Why does it work?
NARRATIVE EXPOSITORY
Sometimes you read to enjoy a book. Sometimes you read to learn more and remember information.
What is Structure Strategy?Why does it work?
It helps you remember more of what you read by giving you a to reach a . STRATEG
YGOAL
“Structure strategy” helps you remember more of what you read.
What is Structure Strategy?Why does it work?
STRATEGY:
...GOAL
a PLAN to achieve the …
of REMEMBERING more of what you read by identifying the…
used by the author to present her ideas....STRUCTUR
E
What is Structure Strategy?Why does it work?
An author uses a structure to present his ideas. Understanding the structure is the key to unlocking main ideas.
This strategy helps you figure out the structure and then use that structure to ORGANIZE your own representation of the information.
TEXT STRUCTURE
What is Structure Strategy?Why does it work?
1. Comparison and/or Contrast2. Sequence3. Description4. Generalization/Principle5. Cause-Effect /Problem-Solution
TEXT STRUCTURES
SIGNAL WORDSEach text structure often has distinct signal words which are clues to identify it
SIGNAL WORDS1. Comparison/Contrast2. Sequence3. Description/List4. Generalization/Principle5. Cause-Effect/Problem-Solution
consequentlyhowevertypically
neartypicallybecausesuch as
boththus
initiallyalthough
undertrulyuntil
across
-5-1-4-3-4-5-3-1-5-2-1-3-4-2-3
SIGNAL WORDS
Generalization/Principleadditionallyalwaysbecause ofclearlyconclusivelyfirstfor instancefor examplefurthermoregenerallyhowever
if...thenin factit could be argued thatmoreovermost convincingnevernot only...but alsooftensecondthereforethirdtrulytypically
What is Structure Strategy?Why does it work?
“Training older and younger adults to use textual cues that highlight conceptual relationships improved their overall recall of the text as well as recall for main ideas. Training produced positive transfer to remembering everyday materials such that these individuals also better recalled details”
STUDIES
Meyer, B. J. F., & Poon, L. W. (2001) . Effects of structure strategy training and signaling on recall of text. Journal of Educational Psychology, 93, 141-59.
What is Structure Strategy?Why does it work?
Seventh grade students and older adults were able to improve their reading comprehension and retention seven-fold.
They also improved attitudes towards reading.
STUDIES
Meyer, B. J. F., & Poon, L. W. (2001) . Effects of structure strategy training and signaling on recall of text. Journal of Educational Psychology, 93, 141-59.
What is Structure Strategy?Why does it work?
Student’s recall of an article comparing pygmy monkeys to emperor monkeys:
“The monkeys are the smalls Monkeys weghy Less 4 onces a few in. tall. ”
STUDIES
Meyer, B. J. F., & Poon, L. W. (2001) . Effects of structure strategy training and signaling on recall of text. Journal of Educational Psychology, 93, 141-59.
What is Structure Strategy?Why does it work?
Student’s recall of an article comparing black flying fox bats to leaf-nosed bats after structure strategy training:
”There are 2 different kinds of bats. A Black flying fox bat and a leaf-nosed bat. The Black flying fox bat is one of the bigest, they grow up to 6 feet wide and weigh more than 3 pounds. they are jet black. Leaf-noised is smaller than the Black flying bat. the leaf-nois bat is only 1 foot wide. The leaf-nois bats come in different (colors) and mostley feeds on masquitoes and moths.”
STUDIES
Meyer, B. J. F., & Poon, L. W. (2001) . Effects of structure strategy training and signaling on recall of text. Journal of Educational Psychology, 93, 141-59.
What is Structure Strategy?Why does it work?
It relieves the strain on working memory, allowing more processing time and effort to facilitate transfer to …
Working Memory (WM)
It emulates the propositional heirarchy of LTM which enhances recall by forming propositional networks.
Long-Term Memory (LTM)
What is Structure Strategy?Why does it work?
Semantic maps represent relationships between propositions in the brain’s long term memory:
Tacoshellground Beefsalsacheesedeliciousgreasystomachhurtburrito
What is Structure Strategy?Why does it work?
Description/Listing
What is Structure Strategy?Why does it work?
Information presented to us is TRANSFERRED from WORKING MEMORY (WM) to LONG TERM MEMORY (LTM)
HOW WE REMEMBER
WM LTM
What is Structure Strategy?Why does it work?
Working memory is extremely limited, so much of what enters your working memory is quickly lost.
THE SIEVE AND THE SAND
http://www.intelligencetest.com/stmemory/games/test1/
What is Structure Strategy?Why does it work?
Structure strategy relieves the strain on working memory by:
1. Using network-like representations of the relationships of ideas in memory
2. Using an image-like presentation of the relationships between ideas to spatially represent them.
3. Using linear orderings to keep sequential information easily accessible.
THE SIEVE AND THE SAND
What is Structure Strategy?How does it work?
Description/Listing
What is Structure Strategy?How does it work?Sequential/
Process
What is Structure Strategy?How does it work?
Problem/Solution
What is Structure Strategy?How does it work?
Generalization/Principle
What is Structure Strategy?How does it work?
Comparison/Contrast
What is Structure Strategy?How does it work?
Comparison/Contrast
What is Structure Strategy?How does it work?
Comparison/Contrast - multiple
What is Structure Strategy?How does it work?
Comparison/Contrast - multiple
What is Structure Strategy?How does it work?
Cause Effect Sample
http://www.info.kochi-tech.ac.jp/lawrie/semanticsalmonstructwords.htm
What is Structure Strategy?Example
“Beastly Bees”
________________ and ________________ are compared in the categories of ____________________, ___________________, and __________________ . Similarities in __________________ are _________________.Differences in __________________ are _________________. Etc.
The problem of coexisting with bees in South America is dealt with by ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________.
What is Structure Strategy?Example
“Beastly Bees”Killer bees and honey bees are compared in the categories of sting potency, behavior , and sensitivity.
Similarities in sting potency is that both have the same amount of venom.
Similarities in behavior is that they both will attack when disturbed.
Differences in behavior are that the killer bee is more sensitive than the honeybee ,the killer bee will chase you farther than the honeybee and that killer bee nests host up to 50,000 bees.
Ways to prevent attacks include avoiding loud sudden noises, working at night, andsmoking them out.
