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WHAT IS “SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH?” WHY DO SCIENTISTS USE IT? WHAT ARE THE STEPS OF THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD?. RANGE OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH COMPARATIVE DATA ANALYSIS EXPERIMENTAL. DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH Describing nature using known physical biological or chemical properties - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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WHAT IS “SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH?”
WHY DO SCIENTISTS USE IT?
WHAT ARE THE STEPS OF THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD?
RANGE OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH
DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH
COMPARATIVE DATA ANALYSIS
EXPERIMENTAL
DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH
Describing nature using known physical biological or chemical properties
Often used on things we can’t work with in the labEx- center of the earth
stars, galaxies
Linking two things together by analyzing data
Ex- Smoking linked to lung cancer
Steps Of The Scientific Method
1. State the problem (in the form of a question)
2. Research the subject
3. State a hypothesis
4. Design and perform an experiment
5. Record results and analyze
6. State your conclusion
1. PROBLEM STATEMENTAsks a question based on an
observation
2. RESEARCH THE SUBJECT
3. STATE A HYPOTHESISAnswers the problem statementIf……….., then………. StatementUse the same terms as in the Problem
Statement
4. EXPERIMENT DESIGNUse two groups: Experimental Group
Control Group
In Experimental Group –
Independent variable – what you change
Dependent variable – what responds to the I.V.
Constants/Controlled Variables– things that remain the same
(You do not want “hidden variables”)
The Control Group - is for comparison, doesn’t contain the independent variable
5. RECORD RESULTS AND ANALYZEQuantitative Data- (the numbers)Record data in chart, then graph Analyze data for trends which answer problem statement/hyp.
Qualitative Observations- relevant observations listed
Quantitative or Qualitative?
• The dog is 42 pounds.
• The dog is fat.
• There are three trees in the field.
• The trees are tall.
6. STATE YOUR CONCLUSION
Write a statement that answers the problem statement, addresses your hypothesis and mentions the data for support. A conclusion is an INFERENCE based on observations and prior knowledge.
Observation or inference?
• The plant is green
• The plant is green thus I believe it is alive.
• The woman is married.
Observation or inference?
• The woman is married.
• The woman is wearing a wedding band thus I believe that she is married.
• Miracle Gro makes plants grow faster.
Observation or inference?
• The plant is green• The plant is green thus I believe it is alive.• The woman is married.• The woman is wearing a wedding band thus I
believe that she is married.• Miracle Gro makes plants grow faster.• Because the plants with m.g. were taller than the
plants w/o m.g., I believe Miracle Gro makes plants grow faster.