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Digital Media Lab - Sharif University of Technology2
Outlines
² Next Generation Network (NGN)² Definition
² Applications
² Requirements
² Network Architecture
² QoS
² Issues
What is NGN?
² The network of 10 years from now won’t be the network of today.
² Our goal for this session is to consider some ideas which may influence
what the Internet of the future will be.
² ITU-T SERIES Y: GLOBAL INFORMATION INFRUSTRUCTURE,
INTERNET PROTOCOL ASPECTS AND NEXT GENERATION
NETWORKS
² Y.2001 (12/2004): General overview of NGN
² Y.2011 (10/2004): General principles and general reference model for NGN
Digital Media Lab - Sharif University of Technology3
NGN Definitions
² NGN Definition (Y.2001): A packet based network able to provide
telecommunication services and able to make use of multiple
broadband, QoS-enabled transport technologies and in which service-
related functions are independent from underlying transport-related
technologies
² Practical description (ETSI): the convergence of the public switched
telephone network, the voice network, the wireless network (Wi-Fi,
WiMAX, GSM,..) and the data network
² IP based packet switched network that provides a single network
capable of carrying any and all services
Digital Media Lab - Sharif University of Technology4
NGN Concepts
² A multi-service network able to support voice, data and video
² A network with a control plane (signaling, control) separated from the
transport/switching plane
² A network with open interfaces between transport, control and
applications
² A network using packet mode technology to transport of all kind of
information
² A network with guaranteed QoS for different traffic types and SLAs
Digital Media Lab - Sharif University of Technology5
Why NGN?
² Flexibility for service building and offering
² Expectation of cost reductions by sharing infrastructure
and systems
² Simplification of O&M, thus lowering OPEX.
² Use of open interfaces leads for:² quick deployment of services and applications
² new services (third parties)
Digital Media Lab - Sharif University of Technology6
Existing Telecommunications
² Benefits
² Worked well for stand-alone systems
² Challenges
² Many networks= high operational and interworking costs
² Slow to introduce new services
² Users require different devices for different services
Difficult to integrate new services or technologies
Digital Media Lab - Sharif University of Technology7
Emerging Telecommunications
² Benefits
² Rapid service deployment= new service revenues
² Allowed continued growth of network
² Flexible architecture for future growth and new technologies
² Allows for competition at individual layers
² Challenges
² Legacy policy frameworks are challenged by the emerging telecommunications
model throughout the world
Digital Media Lab - Sharif University of Technology8
Drivers and motivation for NGN deployment
² External drivers and internal motivation put pressure on operators’
NGN deployments
Digital Media Lab - Sharif University of Technology9
§ develop new services easier and faster § enhance flexibility§ reduce operational
expenditures§ replace of old platforms at
their end of lifecycle
§ massive growth of data traffic§ flat growth of voice market § massive access competition§ maturity of IP technology§ open standards and
architectures
Deployment of Next Generation Network
Operators’ MotivationDrivers
NGN Applications
² www access (browsing, information, e-commerce…)
² VoIP
² Video calling
² Video on Demand (VoD)
² Broadcast television (IPTV, unicast, multicast)
² Multimedia Messaging
² Games
² …
Digital Media Lab - Sharif University of Technology10
NGN Requirements
² Business Continuity required to maintain ongoing dominant services
and customers that require carrier-grade service
² Flexibility to incorporate existing new services and react quickly to the
ones that appear on real time (main advantage of IP mode)
² Profitability to allow feasible return on investments and in the best
practices market values
² Privacy and security to ensure
Digital Media Lab - Sharif University of Technology12
NGN Requirements
² Survivability to allow service assurance in case of failures and external
unexpected events
² Quality of Service to guarantee the Service Level Agreements for
different traffic mixes, conditions and overload.
² Interoperability across networks to allow to carry end to end services
for flows in different network domains
Digital Media Lab - Sharif University of Technology13
Basic Concepts of NGN
² A Next Generation Network can be defined by six key criteria.
Digital Media Lab - Sharif University of Technology14
NGNconcept
integration of existing
infrastructure
packet-oriented network
support broad
variety of services
openness and
flexibility regarding
new services
separation into different layers using
open interfaces
application focused -access
independent
NGN layers and functions
² Application layer enables the provisioning of services and provides the
control and logic for the execution of services
² Control layer controls the elements of the network, establishes and
tears down media connections
² Access Independent layer is responsible for the transport of media and signaling messages
² Access Dependent layer connects customer networks or terminals with the components of the NGN network and aggregate the dedicated traffic type
² Management layer covers network management ensuring service fulfillment, service assurance and billing
Digital Media Lab - Sharif University of Technology18
Customer & Operator benefits
²Customer benefits²device independence²access independence²service variety²enhanced usability
²Operator/ Provider benefits²new revenue potential²improves time-to-market²easy integration of 3rd party services²one platform for voice, data and multimedia
Digital Media Lab - Sharif University of Technology19
Network Elements
² Packet based networks² Trend is to use IP based networks over various transport possibilities (ATM, SDH,
WDM…)
² IP based networks must offer guarantees of Quality of Service (QoS) regarding the
real time characteristics of voice, video and multimedia
² Access Gateways² Allows the connection of subscriber lines to the packet network
² Converts the traffic flows of analogue access (Pots) or 2 Mb/s access devices into
packets
² Provides subscriber access to NGN network and services
² Trunking Gateways² Allows interworking between classical TDM telephony network and Packet-based NGN
networks,
² Converts TDM circuits/ trunks (64kbps) flows into data packets, and vice versa
Digital Media Lab - Sharif University of Technology21
Network Elements
² Soft switch/MGC
² referred to as the Call Agent or Media Gateway Controller (MGC)
² provides the “service delivery control” within the network in charge of Call
Control and handling of Media Gateways control (Access and/or Trunking) via
H.248 protocol
² performs signaling gateway functionality or uses a signaling gateway for
interworking with PSTN N7 signaling network
² provides connection to Intelligent Network /applications servers to offer the
same services as those available to TDM subscribers
² Application Server (AS):
² A unit that supports service execution, e.g. to control Call Servers and NGN
special resources (e.g. media server, message server).
Digital Media Lab - Sharif University of Technology22
Network Elements
² H.248 Protocol
² Known also as MEGACO: standard protocol, defined by ITU-T, for signaling and
session management needed during a communication between a media
gateway, and the media gateway controller managing it
² H.248/MEGACO allows to set up, keep, and terminate calls between multiple
endpoints as between telephone subscribers using the TDM
² SIP
² Session Initiation Protocol in order to handle call establishment, maintenance
and termination from packet mode terminals.
² Signaling Gateway (SG):
² A unit that provides signaling conversion between the NGN and the other
networks (e.g. STP in SS7).
Digital Media Lab - Sharif University of Technology23
Network Elements
² ENUM² Electronic NUMbering: Protocol that allows to establish a correspondance between
the traditional telafone numbering (E.164 ) and the network addresses related to the
packet mode networks ( RFC 2916 "E.164 number and DNS" IETF).
² MPLS² Multiprotocol Label Switch or protocol that assigns labels to information packets in
order to allow the node routers to treat and route flows in the network paths according
to established priority for each category.
² CAC² Call Acceptance Control function in order to accept/reject traffic in the network that
allows guarantee of QoS for services with a Service Level Agreement
² BGP² Border Gateway Protocol to negotiate flow routing procedures and capacities across
different NGN network domainsDigital Media Lab - Sharif University of Technology24
Areas of interest for NGN standards activity
² International Telecommunications Union (ITU-T)
² Telecommunication Standardization Advisory Group (TSAG)
² Study Groups (SG13 lead SG for NGN)
² NGN Global Standards Initiative (NGN-GSI), since Jan 2006
² European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI)
² TISPAN, 3GPP / IMS
² Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)
² Protocols (IP, SIP, MGCP, ENUM, etc)
² Global Standards Collaboration (GSC)
² Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Telecommunications and
Information Working Group APEC TEL
Digital Media Lab - Sharif University of Technology25
Defining Standards
² Smaller industry for a have helped shape international standards.
² IETF have developed many of the core NGN technologies (IP, MPLS, SIP, etc.)
² 3GPP integrated IP-based technologies into a building block of the NGN, IP
Multimedia Subsystem (IMS)
² Release based (ETSI TISPAN r1, 3GPP r7, ITU NGN r1-3)
² ITU involvement is necessary at the international level to define an
evolutionary framework to help solve interworking, mobility and service
definitions issues, but…
² There could be more pro-active cooperation between the ‘telco’ and
internet stakeholders
Digital Media Lab - Sharif University of Technology26
IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS)
² What is the IP Multimedia Subsystem?
² An architectural framework for delivering IP multimedia services in the
3GPP environment
² Part of the 3GPP (and 3GPP2: MMD) vision for evolving mobile networks
beyond GSM
² Original formulation (Rel-5) an approach to delivering "Internet services"
over GPRS
² Updated by 3GPP, 3GPP2, TISPAN through including support of other
access network technologies, e.g., Wireless LAN, CDMA2000, fixed line,
xDSL, etc.
Digital Media Lab - Sharif University of Technology27
IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS)
² IMS builds on IETF protocols
² Based upon SIP, SDP, COPs and Diameter protocols
² 3GPP have enhanced these IETF protocols for mobility
² IMS in short…
² Open-system architecture that supports a range of I-based services over
the PS domain, employing both wireless and fixed access technologies
Digital Media Lab - Sharif University of Technology28
IMS Layers
² IMS consists of three planes:² Application plane
² Control plane (or core IMS): The IMS
control plane is used in the service
stratum
² IP transport plane: Resource
control and admission based on the
negotiated QoS parameters are
mainly executed in the transport
stratum
Digital Media Lab - Sharif University of Technology29
ETSI-TISPAN
² TISPAN is an ETSI technical committee, dealing with fixed networks and
the migration from circuit switched networks to packet-based networks
(Telecoms & Internet converged /service & Protocols for Advanced
Networks (TISPAN)
² TISPAAN also deals with service aspects, architectural aspects, protocol
aspects, QoS studies, security related studies, mobility aspects within fixed
networks, using existing and emerging technologies.
² TISPAN outcomes much-anticipated-basis for international standards &
specifications for FMC
Digital Media Lab - Sharif University of Technology30
NGN Competition Issues
² Market power and network effects
² Implications for existing and future customer access services
² Any-to-any connectivity
² Interconnect
² Charging models for multiple providers in an E2E service
² Pricing
² Standards
² Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC) has
begun canvassing some of the issues in discussion with stakeholders
and public
Digital Media Lab - Sharif University of Technology31
Longer-term NGN Issues
² Implications for competition policy
² Jurisdiction and extraterritoriality
² Privacy and security
² Digital rights management
² Access and interoperability
² Common standards
² Consumer interests
² International and domestic governance issues
² Scope for industry self-regulation
Digital Media Lab - Sharif University of Technology32