What is Mixed Oxidant Solution?June 2012

Superior Chemistry from Electrolysis Expert

Unique Cell technologyReliable, Self‐cleaning

Sodium Chloride Salt

Quaternary Ammonium Salt

Hypochlorite

Mixed Oxidant Hypochlorite withHydrogen Peroxide

Activated Quaternary Ammonium Hypochlorite

Output ChemistriesInput Salts

Efficacy

Disinfection Chemistries

Organic & Hydrocarbon Destruction

+ =UV Light

UV Activated Hypochlorite

Sodium Chloride Salt

Mixed Oxidant Solution (MOS) ChemistryDiscovered serendipitously in 1992, optimized systematically

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

Cryp

tosp

orid

ium

inac

tivat

ion,

"log

kill

"

Geometry

"Log-Kill" Data (geometry, power)5 mg/L mixed oxidant dose as FAC

Power A

Power B

Power C

Power D

Power E

Concentration & duration of other oxidants depends on:

► Cell Configuration ► Power► Fluid Flow► Fluid Concentration ► Time in Cell► Temperature► Cell Coating► and more . . .

The combination of factors leading to optimal oxidant efficacy and duration is a key trade secret

What is in Mixed Oxidant Solution (MOS)?

Anode (+) Products

HOClClO2O3Cl2O2OH0, OH+

NaOClNaOHH2H2O2

Cathode (-) Products

► Traditional measurements of the additional oxidant(s) in MOS has not been successful

• Chlorine is a strong oxidant and interferes with measurement ► There are a small number of known compounds formed from reactions of NaCl

and H2O

Through partnership with academia and internal research, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2 ) is the additional oxidant in MOS

Mixed Oxidant Solution (MOS) Benefits and Advantages

► Superior Disinfection► Superior Biofilm Removal► Superior Residual Maintenance► Superior (lower) Disinfection By-Product Formation► Potential Microflocculation Effect

• Can reduce chemical costs and improve water quality

BEFORE MIOX AFTER MIOX

Hypochlorite

CDC Study - Inactivating Bacillus globigii (B.g.)

Mixed Oxidant Solution

0 min (untreated)       15 min             30 min                 45 min                60 min

Mixed Oxidant Solution (MOS)Visible Effect of Trace Hydrogen Peroxide with Hypo

Bajszar, 2009; Validated in 3rd party studies at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Microorganism Dose(mg/L)

Contact Time MOS(min.)

Contact Time

Bleach (min.)

Inactivation(log)

Differentiating Parameter

Reference

BACTERIAVibrio cholerae(Facultative Anaerobe)

2 1.8 4.0 4 log Time Venczel et al, 2004

Escherichia coli(Facultative Anaerobe)

2 3.8 5.0 4 log Time Venczel et al, 2004

Pseudomonas aeruginosa(Aerobe)

2 10 10 >4.8, MIOX 2.2, Bleach

Efficacy Barton, 1996

Legionella pneumophilia(Aerobe)

2 10 10 >5.0, MIOX 4.7, Bleach

Efficacy Barton, 1996

BACTERIAL SPORESBacillus sterothermophilus (Aerobe)

2 30 30 >5 , MIOX2.5, Bleach

Efficacy Barton, 1996

Clostridium perfringens spore (Obligate anaerobe)

2 13 18 2 log Time Venczel et al, 2004

Disinfection EfficacyPeer‐reviewed, 3rd Party

Mixed Oxidants Destroy Biofilm better than Sodium Hypo

Sodi

um H

ypo

MO

SMixed Oxidant Solution (MOS)Destroys biofilm more effectively than standard hypochlorite

Extensive biofilm growth

Coliform and Legionella hits

1.5 mg/L FAC dose

0.2 mg/L FAC residual

Biofilm eliminated

No bacterial hits

0.6 mg/L FAC dose

0.4 mg/L FAC residual

Sodium Hypo

Mixed Oxidant Solution

BEFORE MIOXCondenser Tube Sheet after extended run at a large industrial cooling tower.

Mixed Oxidant Solution (MOS)Proven Reduction in Biofilm and Algae Fouling

BEFORE MIOXAlgae is rampant with conventional biocide program at power gen plant.

AFTER MIOXCondenser Tube Sheet after 2.5 months of using MIOX.

AFTER MIOXCondenser Tube Sheet after 2.5 months of using MIOX.

“Reducing our treatment regimen …down to a single mixed oxidant product generated on site has resulted in substantial treatment chemical and labor cost savings.” -- Paul Schrock, NIPSCO Senior Chemist

Mixed Oxidant Solution (MOS)Reduce TTHMs by 35%

Chlorine Gas(Q2 '05 - Q1 '06)

Mixed Oxidants(Q2 '06 - Q1 '07)

Coto Laurel, Puerto Rico

Top Menu

► Reduction of biofouling

► Better residuals, even at high pH

► Reduced algae loading

► Replaced Nalco biocides

► Improved Production load

Top Menu

BEFORE MIOX AFTER MIOX

Superior Mixed Oxidant SolutionVisible Effect of Trace Hydrogen Peroxide with Hypo

“The discovery of positive Legionella counts in the hospital's cooling tower system required immediate intervention. Since MIOX was installed in July, no positive results have been noted.” --Case Study: Hospital Cooling Tower Application, Earthwise Environmental