What is Matter?CHAPTER 2 SECTION 1

Objectives & Essential Questions:

1. Define what is matter and what it is made up of.

2. Identify differences and similarities of substances and mixtures

Essential Question:

How do compounds, molecules differ from one another? How do we

know if an object is a mixture or pure substance?

Name: __________

Date: __________

Scientific Method

Cornell Notes

Essential Question:

Questions:Notes:

Summary:

How do compounds, molecules differ from one another? How do

we know if an object is a mixture or pure substance?

Matter

Chemistry is the study of matter and how it

changes.

Everything you use daily, from soap to food

to glue, you choose because of chemistry –

either because of what it is made of or how

it changes.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fx6IrQL

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Matter

You are made of matter.

Matter is anything that has mass and occupies

space.

All materials you can hold or touch are matter.

Atoms are Matter

Water – H2O is matter

Hydrogen is an element. An element is a

substance that cannot be broken down into

simpler substances.

Elements are made of atoms. An atom is the

smallest particle that has the properties of an

element.

Compounds

Water is a compound.

A compound is a

substance made of

atoms of more than one

element bound together.

Molecules

Atoms can join together to make millions of

different molecules just as letters of the

alphabet combine to form different words.

Molecules are the smallest unit of a substance

that exhibits all of the properties characteristic

of that substance.

Chemical Formulas

Chemical formulas represent compounds and molecules.

For example the chemical formula for sugar is C12H22O11.

Each molecule of the sugar contains:

12-Carbon atoms

22-Hydrogen atoms

11-Oxygen atoms.

Pure Substance or Mixture?

When people use the word pure, they usually mean “not mixed with anything else.”

A pure substance is matter with a fixed composition and definite properties.

Grape juice isn’t a pure substance. It is a mixture of many different pure substances, such as water, sugars, acid, and vitamins.

Mixtures classification

Mixtures are classified by how thoroughly the substance mix.

A mixture like flour and water is called a heterogeneous mixture because the substances aren’t uniformly mixed.

A mixture like salt and water is called a homogeneous mixture because is the same throughout.

A substance like gasoline is miscible. Miscible describe

two or more liquids that are able to dissolve into each

other in various proportions.

A mixture of oil and water is immiscible. Immiscible

describes two or more liquids that do not mix into each

other.