What is Matter?What is Matter?Created by: Mrs. Metivier’s 2Created by: Mrs. Metivier’s 2ndnd Grade Class Grade Class

Teacher:Teacher: Mrs. R. Metivier Mrs. R. MetivierGrade:Grade: 2 2ndnd

Subject:Subject: Science ScienceStandard:Standard: S2P1 Students will investigate the properties of matter and changes S2P1 Students will investigate the properties of matter and changes that occur in objects.that occur in objects. a. Identify the properties of matter and changes that occur in objects.a. Identify the properties of matter and changes that occur in objects. b. Investigate changes in objects by tearing, dissolving, melting, squeezing, etc. b. Investigate changes in objects by tearing, dissolving, melting, squeezing, etc. Directions:Directions: Use as a resource when teaching the standard above. Use as a resource when teaching the standard above.

What is matter?What is matter?

Matter can be a gas, Matter can be a gas, solid, or a liquid.solid, or a liquid.

Gas is air.Gas is air.

A solid is a hard A solid is a hard shape.shape.

A liquid is water.A liquid is water.

Every thing is matter.Every thing is matter.

Properties of solidsProperties of solids

A solid is one kind of A solid is one kind of matter.matter.

Like all matter, it Like all matter, it takes up space and takes up space and has mass.has mass.

A solid is the only A solid is the only form of matter that form of matter that has a shape of its has a shape of its own.own.

Measuring solidsMeasuring solids

You can measure You can measure solids with a ruler to solids with a ruler to see how long a solid see how long a solid is.is.

You can also You can also measure solids with a measure solids with a scale to see how scale to see how much it weighs.much it weighs.

Properties of liquidProperties of liquidA liquid takes the shape A liquid takes the shape of its container.of its container.

Even though it takes its Even though it takes its shape of its container it shape of its container it still has mass.still has mass.

Liquid is measured by Liquid is measured by milliliters.milliliters.

If you have one If you have one container and put it in a container and put it in a other container it is the other container it is the same amount.same amount.

Measuring LiquidsMeasuring Liquids

You can measure the You can measure the volume of a liquid. volume of a liquid. Volume is the amount Volume is the amount of space a liquid of space a liquid takes up.takes up.

We use cups and We use cups and milliliters to measure milliliters to measure liquids.liquids.

Properties of GasProperties of Gas

Like all matter, gas Like all matter, gas takes up space and takes up space and has mass.has mass.

A gas takes the A gas takes the shape of its container.shape of its container.

A gas is the only A gas is the only kind of matter that kind of matter that always fills all the always fills all the space inside a space inside a container.container.

Measuring gasMeasuring gas

Gas can be Gas can be measured.measured.

A balloon is an A balloon is an example of measuring example of measuring gas.gas.

A balloon with air has A balloon with air has more mass than a more mass than a balloon without air.balloon without air.

Cup in the water trickCup in the water trick

Even air takes up space!Even air takes up space!Try this trick!Try this trick!Take a paper towel and Take a paper towel and put it in the bottom of a put it in the bottom of a cup. Turn the cup upside cup. Turn the cup upside down and push it down in down and push it down in a bucket of water. Pull it a bucket of water. Pull it straight up and look at the straight up and look at the paper towel!...It’s paper towel!...It’s dry!!!!!!!!!!!! Why? It’s dry!!!!!!!!!!!! Why? It’s because the air pushes because the air pushes the water out of its way.the water out of its way.

Explaining Mixtures of matterExplaining Mixtures of matterMatter can be cut and Matter can be cut and mixed .mixed .

When solid matter is cut When solid matter is cut its shape changes, but its its shape changes, but its mass stays the same.mass stays the same.

Some mixtures, like Some mixtures, like Chex Mix, can be sorted Chex Mix, can be sorted out.out.

Some mixtures, like cake Some mixtures, like cake batter, cannot be sorted batter, cannot be sorted back out . back out .

Cutting MatterCutting Matter

When you cut bread it When you cut bread it doesn’t change it’s doesn’t change it’s form.form.

It’s mass doesn’t It’s mass doesn’t change .change .

You can cut a glue You can cut a glue stick in half and its stick in half and its mass does not mass does not change.change.

Changing the shape of matterChanging the shape of matter

If you have a rock If you have a rock and get a hammer and get a hammer and smash the rock and smash the rock the rock shape will be the rock shape will be changed but not its changed but not its mass.mass.Play-dough can be Play-dough can be changed to different changed to different shapes, but if the shapes, but if the amount is the same amount is the same the mass is the same.the mass is the same.

FREEZING WATERFREEZING WATER

YOU CAN FREEZE YOU CAN FREEZE WATER AND CHAGE WATER AND CHAGE IT BACK.IT BACK.

A bottle of water can A bottle of water can be put in the freezer be put in the freezer and it will freeze. and it will freeze.

You can take it out of You can take it out of the freezer and it will the freezer and it will melt.melt.

Heating WaterHeating WaterWhen you heat When you heat water it will water it will change into a gas.change into a gas.

At first, you can At first, you can see the steam, or see the steam, or water vapor.water vapor.

Then the water Then the water vapor spreads into vapor spreads into the air and you the air and you cannot see it. cannot see it.

EvaporationEvaporationWhen the rain comes down and it When the rain comes down and it dries up again, this is evaporation.dries up again, this is evaporation.

A puddle is liquid water.A puddle is liquid water. The sun’s heat may cause the The sun’s heat may cause the

water in the puddle to evaporate water in the puddle to evaporate or change to water vapor.or change to water vapor.

I can melt the ice with the hair I can melt the ice with the hair dryer until it disappears, or dryer until it disappears, or evaporates.evaporates.

Cooling water vapor- Cooling water vapor- CondensationCondensation

When water vapor condenses, or When water vapor condenses, or the heat is taken away,… gas turns the heat is taken away,… gas turns back to water.back to water. We put blue ice water in the cup We put blue ice water in the cup and water drops formed on the and water drops formed on the outside of the cup, but it was clear.outside of the cup, but it was clear.

This water came out of the air. This water came out of the air. When the air around the cup cooled When the air around the cup cooled down, the water vapor turned back to down, the water vapor turned back to water on the outside of the cup. water on the outside of the cup.

It’s not blue so that proves that the It’s not blue so that proves that the water did not come from inside the water did not come from inside the cup.cup.

Reversible ChangesReversible Changes

In a reversible change, the matter In a reversible change, the matter can change back to the way it was can change back to the way it was before. before.

Jell-O is a solid when it is cold, but Jell-O is a solid when it is cold, but a liquid when it warms up. a liquid when it warms up.

Ice is a solid but when you add heat Ice is a solid but when you add heat to it, it will turn back to a liquid.to it, it will turn back to a liquid.

Irreversible changesIrreversible changes

Cooking can also Cooking can also cause irreversible cause irreversible changes. Cooking changes. Cooking makes an egg change makes an egg change from a liquid to a from a liquid to a solid.solid.

Dancing Raisins Experiment!Dancing Raisins Experiment!

Get a clear cup. Fill it half Get a clear cup. Fill it half way up with water. Stir in way up with water. Stir in two big spoonfuls of baking two big spoonfuls of baking soda. Put a few raisins in soda. Put a few raisins in the cup. Then pour in some the cup. Then pour in some vinegar and watch what vinegar and watch what happens!......They dance! happens!......They dance!

The soda and vinegar The soda and vinegar makes bubbles that lift the makes bubbles that lift the raisins and then they POP raisins and then they POP and sink back down.and sink back down.