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Synergy Learning Solutions What is Instruction al Design? Skills needed? Instructio nal Design Importance Course Design www.synergylearningsolutions.com

What is Instructional Design? Skills needed? Instructional Design Importance Course Design

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Synergy Learning Solutions

What is Instructional Design?

Skills needed?

Instructional Design

Importance

Course Design

www.synergylearningsolutions.com

Definition

Instructional design is the practice of maximizing the effectiveness, efficiency and appeal of instructionand other learning experiences.

History

Foundations of Instructional Design were laid in World War 11

US Military needed to train large numbers on complex technical tasks

Training focussed on observable behaviours

Mastery was assumed possible for every learner given enough repetition and feedbackAfter the war, these principles were carried into the business sector

Benjamin Bloom

Cognitive Psychomotor

Affective

“Knows” “Does”

“Feels”

Blooms Taxonomy

Blooms taxonomy of learning:

• People learn by what they do (Psychomotor)

• People learn by what they know or think (Cognitive)

• People learn by what they feel (Affective)

ADDIE

AnalyzeDesign

ADDIE

Develop

Perhaps the most common model in Instructional Design is the ADDIE model.

Implement

Evaluate

Dick & CareyAnother model commonly used by Instructional Designers.

Identify instructional

goals

Conduct instructional

analysis

Analyze learners and

context

Write performance

objectives

Revise instruction

Develop assessment instruments

Develop instructional

strategy

Develop / design instructional

material

Design / conduct

formative evaluation

Design / conduct

summative evaluation

Learning Objectives

Why are these important?

A learning objective describes what the learner will gain from the instruction.

A learning objective generally has three parts:• A measurable verb

• A condition

• A criteria.

A learning objective sets the scene as to where you are going and increases the chance of you getting there!

A learning objective focuses and organises the learning.

Types of Objectives

Course Objectives

Chapter Objective

s

Objectives

High level – what do you want the learner

to achieve after completing this

course?

LessonObjective

s

More specific – what do you want the

learner to achieve after completing this

chapter?

Very detailed – what do you want the learner to

achieve after this lesson?

Recap / Revision

1

2

3

Revision or recaps work in the opposite way:

Recap or revise after each lesson

Then after each chapter

And again at the end of the course.

What is the Gunning FOG Index?

The Gunning FOG Index is a tool which measures the readability of your writing.

A Gunning FOG Index of around 12 is suitable for a high school graduate although the generally accepted norm is around 8.

It is used to confirm that the language used is suitable for the intended audience.

What is the Gunning FOG Index?

http://gunning-fog-index.com/

Working out readability the long way:

• Select a paragraph (on average about 100 words).

• Divide the number of words by the number of sentences to find the average sentence length.

• Count the “complex” words – those with 3 or more syllables.• Add the average sentence length and the percentage of complex words.

• Multiply the result by 0.4

ORUse an Internet tool like the one found at

Skills…

Ability to conduct a needs analysis

Ability to start with the end in mind

Ability to think like a student

Ability to write storyboards & training material in an uncomplicated manner

Ability to gather information and arrange it in a logical manner

Ability to think “out the box”

Ability to see the big picture but also to drill down to detail

What’s the one piece of advice that supercedes all

others?

Know your target audience !

Know your target audience !

Know your target audience !

Know your target audience !

Know y

our ta

rget

aud

ienc

e !

Know your target audience !

Know your target audienceAlthough we cant “box” people, we can say, based on the Honey & Mumford theory, that learners fall into four general types:

THEO

RIST

ACTI

VIST

REFL

ECTO

R

PRAG

MAT

IST

It provides context and perspective….

Than merely putting together information…

It uses clear set goals to focus learners …

It takes the learner from the known to the unknown…

Instructional design is so much more..

IMPORTANCE

It engages learners on their learning journey…

www.synergylearningsolutions.com

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